IMRaD Journal Vol. 1 Oct. 2017
DEVELOPMENT OF BI-FOLD DISPLAY BOARD Engr. Greg C. Mallari, Janine Alysa Mana John Eric Mapanao, Marvin Misagal Lester Terrenal, Francis Vicente Kevin Renzo Villaver
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract- The basis of this study is to illustrate the parameters of the display board especially suitable for human vision and ergonomic display in Columban College-Barretto Campus. The researchers evaluated and used three methods from the literature: (1) the use of human vision parameters for the design of dimensions, display sizes, and internal angle, (2) load analysis, and (3) design of foundations. The results of design will show the illustration of recommended viewing distances and display sizes and the load capacity of the display board. Keywords: Engineering, development, bi-fold display board -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Introduction Columban College is a Catholic institution and was founded by both Mr. Pedro Mendoza and Mr. Dionisio Lindayag. The school was built because of the demand of the U.S Naval base to have more workers in Subic who wanted to pursue their education and have a College degree. It was first known as the Naval Reservation Junior College. The school was passed on to the Columban fathers and they in turn changed the name of the institution to Columban College, Inc. Bulletin boards are made for posting public messages, advertise items and announce events to provide information to the public. It is particularly prevalent at schools. They are used by different clubs and organizations in schools to promote their 1
IMRaD Journal Vol. 1 Oct. 2017
advocacies, goals, and other extracurricular activities. They are placed prominently in areas where traffic is constant to allow as many people to have access to the information. Bulletin boards are usually very visual so as to leave a lasting impression on the viewer's mind. The colors will often be bright so as to catch more attention. Disorderly posting of announcements and tarpaulins in Columban College Barretto—like the hanging tarpaulins of board passers on the fence resulting to the blockage of the view of Columban College—have been a cause of eyesore for the students, faculty, staff and the visiting public. Due to this situation the researchers agreed to the study of making a bi-fold display board. With this project, information and announcements pertaining to the college will be presented in an attractive and orderly manner. The construction of the bi-fold display board will be helpful on providing information to the public that can be used as an opportunity to facilitate the posting of notices in Columban College – Barretto. Thus, the researchers believe that this study is beneficial to the following: The outcome of this study will help them to create a positive learning environment in Columban College – Barretto. It will help with the promotion and publicity of events that may interest the campus community. Bulletin boards serve as the most basic means of presenting student works and school activities. The design will display current announcements and activities in Columban College. This will lead to Columban appreciating their hard work and motivating them to perform more. This study will serve as an open door for researchers to innovate, improve and discover more its potential application. The general problem is what structural design for a bi-fold display board can be adapted and implemented at Columban College-Barretto Campus. Especially, the study aims to answer the following questions: 2
IMRaD Journal Vol. 1 Oct. 2017
1. What engineering foundation design should be used to support the bi-fold display board? 2. What physical dimension of for a bi-fold display board can maximize the display of the bulletin? 3. What is the best angle for the bi-fold display boards?
Methodology Site Visitation The site is located in Columban College – Barretto campus. The team inspected the area of the said location and identified what are the structures that can be constructed which will benefit the school, the student, and its community. Rough Estimate After identifying the structure to be added in the school, a front garden with a steel-made folded bulletin board, a rough estimate was used to provide a partial cost, but due to the lack of financial income the group decided that the cost of the structure should be within the scope of their allowance, and the group asked multiple hardware to provide the economical prices they need. Selection of the Area The researchers evaluated the proper location of the structure, which is at the outside of the campus but inside the school premises as well. The area is located in front of the fence near the gate/entry. They asked for approval from both the dean of Engineering Department and the dean of Architectural Department through letter request. Designing of the Structure Based on the location, considering the effects of the wind load and dead load, every part of the bulletin from steel sheet, 3
IMRaD Journal Vol. 1 Oct. 2017
angle bars, steel pipes, flat bars, steel plate, pedestal, to footings and steel connections were designed theoretically to provide a structure that is safe and economical. Identifying the materials needed The materials needed for the construction were based on the safe design. L30x30x5 for column, 2”ø G.I pipe schedule 40 for steel column, 1” width by 3mm thick, Class A mixture or concrete, hinges, hooks and welding rods. Canvassing of the materials Canvassing of the materials on multiple hardware provide the team a lists of standard sizes and prices of the materials. Final Estimate Based on the researchers’ prepared design, the researcher’s come up with the specific and standard sizes of materials. Using the prices they have gathered on different hardware, they evaluate and choose the most economical price. Purchasing of the materials Given the final project cost, the researchers now decided where to purchase the materials. There are two hardware that have the most economical price and nearer to the site that could supply the needed products for the construction of the Proposed Bi-fold Display Board. Clearing / Removal of the existing structure An existing part of the garden (plants, grass, gravel, etc.) must be removed / trimmed from the selected area for the researches to eliminate the hazards before the construction.
4
IMRaD Journal Vol. 1 Oct. 2017
Excavation After the removal of the part of the garden, the researchers determined the locations for the four respective footings that require excavation. Construction The construction of the project starts with the preparation of the form works and setting up of the reinforcement bars for the footings / pedestal, pouring of concrete using a concrete Class A mixture, installation of 2� GI Pipe in the pedestal together with the preparation of the framing structure of the bulletin board, finishing of the pedestal, welding of connections, connecting of flat steel bars and angle bars, installation of main parts of the structure such as the 3 frames and 4 steel pipe columns, the masonry works and the painting works.
Results and Discussion From the gathered data, the following findings were presented: Calculations show that minimum size of the footing is 0.6m x 1.3m x 0.2m. It clearly shows that this size will be enough to support the structure. In order to avoid contact between soils and steel pipe column. The researchers include the pedestal in the design and the calculation show that the minimum size of the pedestal are 200mm x 200mm. Base plate also considered to the design in order to distribute the weight over a greater area and to provide stability to the structure. And calculations show that a dimension of 0.15m x 0.15m x 1/8� is safe for the base plates. To compute the folding angle of bi-fold display board, the horizontal field of view is used. And based on the computation, the folding angle is 120 degrees. By the given distance between the footing and the computed folding angle of the structure, the maximum horizontal dimension that is provided for the structure is 1260mm. To compute the right vertical dimension that is safe for 5
IMRaD Journal Vol. 1 Oct. 2017
ergonomic display, the vertical line of sight was used which resulted to 826mm of length. By applying the knowledge acquired in Engineering Foundation by designing the footing, pedestal and base plate. The researchers conclude that the foundation of the structure will be enough to support the weight and it will give stability to the structure. In order to maximize the display of the bulletin, the researchers conclude that by considering the distance between the footing, height, line of sight and folding angle can provide the maximum physical dimension of the bi-fold display that will be suited for human vision. Further development of the structure by installing light to the structure to help the student and staff of the school to give visibility to the board during evening time. The must post encouraging word to liven up and inspire student. REFERENCES Association of Structural Engineers of the Philippines. National Structural Code of the Philippines 2010. Volume I, Sixth Edition, Fourth Printing 2013. ASEP, Inc. 2013 Association of Structural Engineers of the Philippines. Steel Manual. ASEP, Inc. 1994 Darwin D., Dolan, C.W., and Nilson A.H. Design of Concrete Structures. Thirteenth Edition, Intl’ Edition 2006. McGraw-Hill, 2003 Dela Vega, J., Esguerra, P.J., Galamay, R., Mabini, S.J., Osorio, R.D., Pineda, J. and Trinidad, L.R. Design and Construction of Solar Lighting Street Post at Columban College-Barretto Campus. Columban College, Olongapo City. ,2016 Evett, J.B. and Liu, C. Soils and Foundations. Seventh Edition. Pearson Education, Inc., 2008 http://www.columban.edu.ph/
6
IMRaD Journal Vol. 1 Oct. 2017
http://www.dpwh.gov.ph/dpwh/references/laws_codes_orders/nation al_law https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columban_College https://www.smartsheet.com/critical-path-method Max B. Fajardo Jr. Simplified Construction Estimate. Third Edition. 5138 Merchandising Publisher, 2000 Vicente Foz. The National Building Code Of The Philippines 2015 Edition.Philippine Law Gazette, 2015 Wyatt, A. “Landscape & Visual Assessment Review”, Stockyard Hill Wind Farm Pty Ltd. , 2017
7