Thesis Booklet Relinking Farming to Urban life
FarmingScraper
Thesis Studio 13_2020 Haochuan Guo (David) 659741
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The size and proportion of urban population is growing incredibly rapidly, and it is estimated that by 2050 nearly two-thirds of the world’s population will live in urbanized areas(UN Cimate Change, 2017). Rapid urbanization puts enormous pressure on the world’s resources and the ecolopari, 2018). Relocating farming from rural areas to densified urban environment is one way to supply locally sourced food for cities and improve efficiency. This thesis will design a high-rise farmingscraper within the southern edge of Melbourne’s Hoddle Grid. The techniques and methodologies of farming need to be evaluated for the issues including overshadowing, irrigation, structural load and sustainability. In addition to such challenges of feasibility and sustainability, the design of the farmingscraper will also add to social values, relinking agriculture with urban life to engage the public and let people living in “concrete jungle” understand where their food comes from.
CONTENT
HYPOTHESIS
• Supercities as Part of Agricultural System • Techniques and Methodologies
- Types of Vertical Farming
- Selection of Crops
- Mechanical Rotating System
- Fertilization by Waste
• System Sustainability • Educational and Social Values
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Concrete Jungle created byRapid Urbanization
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Su perci ti e s a s Part o f
INPUTS
Agri c ul tu r a l Sy s tem How do we feed 10 billion people.. without using more land.. while lowering emission?
Soil, water, animal feed, agro-chemials, antibiotics, hormones, pesticides, herbicides, energy
OUTPUTS Farm
Soil loss, polluted runoff, greenhouse gases, wastewater, organic wastes, habitat loss
Transportation Fuels, oils
Current food supply mode has a huge impact on the climate and environmental issues, which represents a significant portion of energy consumption and carbon emission on the way from production, processing, packaging, transportation to consumption(Hannink, 2019). As vertical farming runs based on the loop of byproducts, it could take advantage of what cities produce, discharge and release that are regarded as waste or have impacts on environments, thus countering the negative effects and promoting urban resilience and sustainability.
Greenhouse gases, air emissions
Processing & Packaging Water, energy, cleaning chemicals, preservatives, additives, refrigerants, papaer/ cardboard, plastics, glass, metal
Waste water, food residues, solid and food waste,greenhouse gases, air emissions
Transportation Fuels, oils
Greenhouse gases, air emissions
Retail & Distribution Energy, refrigerants, packaging
Greenhouse gases, air emissions, solid and
Transportation Fuels, oils
Greenhouse gases, air emissions
Consumption Water, refrigerants, energy, packaging
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Waste water, greenhouse gases, air emissions, solid and food
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The residential skyscraper with 30 storeies by Precht has modular farming units where residents could grow food for individual families, achieving a high ratio of crops per land area (Baldwin, 2019).
Specifically, the energy and heat released by buildings which contribute to the urban heat island (UHI) effect could be utilized and benefit growing plants such as potatoes, beans and nuts(BDAA, 2017). Meanwhile, outdoor vertical farming can serve as climate buffers to help naturally ventilate and cool the urban environment. Rainwater in supercities often resulting in flash floods could be utilized for irrigation, and organic waste of urban living could be locally collected and turned into compost as nutrients for planting or aquaculture(Science Magazine, 2016). The other major reason promoting vertical farming is food security. It is projected that an extra 2.5 billion people needs to be fed by 2050 but the planet will lose approximately 2 per cent of its croplands(Hannink, 2019). Confronted with arable land scarcity, with the help of achievements in agricultural science and technologies, vertical farming could produce a much higher ratio of crops per planted area to deal with the food security issue regarding the escalating population.
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T y p e s o f Ve rt ic al F arm in g Te chni q ues a nd M ethod ol og i e s to help with light issue, soil load and fertilization in urban vertical farming ...
reducing structural load and improving energy efficiency Hydroponics and aquaponics have great potential to make urban farming productive and at the same time land efficient. The method of hydroponics grows plants in mineral nutrient solutions rather than soil, while aquaponics is the system combining hydroponics with traditional aquaculture (where such aquatic animals as fish, crayfish, snails or prawns are raised in water tanks) in a symbiotic environment, which creates a nutrient recycling system maximizing the use of resources and enriches the diversity of food supply(Heather, 2018).
Above, diagram of aquaponic system where waste of fish is fed to plants and then water is purified for fish. Superfarm combines hydroponic farming with water tanks to create aquaponic farming with recycling system (designboom, n.d.).
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Left, aquaponics provide opportunities to offer aquarium on site for exhibition and education (designboom, n.d.).
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Diagram showing the hydroponic and aquaponic system in the Urban Farming designed by Sasaki (Niall Walsh, 2017).
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m-PFALs placed at the entrance to Cafe´ Agora in Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan. The vegetables are served to the customers (Kozai, 2015).
Plant Factory with Artificial Lighting (AFAL) is the system sometimes used in combination with hydroponic or aeroponic systems, where plants can be cultivated indoor without natural lighting but using LED lights with customized built spectra, applicable especially for the overshadowed areas Aeroponics systems with towers as misting devices to distribute the moisture and nutrients where roots spread out inside (Barth,
The AFAL system can help
2018).
offset the threats of food supply from harsh weath-
Aeroponics is technically a subset of hydroponics, growing plants without soil but their roots are exposed and sprayed with a misty medium containing nutrient(Kohlstedt, 2017). Both hydroponic and aeroponic systems are much more resource efficient than conventional agriculture, suitable for application in vertical farming. Differently, due to foggy air in the root chamber acting as the medium of plant growing, aeroponic system is not as heavy as hydroponic system and needs less maintenance. water for generating mist
ers, lack of sun light and insufficient arable land (Kozai, 2015).
Based in New York City, Square Roots grows food with PFAL system in shipping containers located
aeroponics integrated into architectural structure
in a parking space (Kozai, 2015).
waste water
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Mecha ni ca l R ota ti ng S y s t e m Dealing with sunlight and shadow in stacking greenhouse levels
Vertical greenhouses are largely transparent structures, utilizing multiple growing levels. One of the challenges that is introduced by stacking greenhouse levels on top of each other is providing enough light as the stacking vertically increases the risk of shadows. Vertical greenhouses can get around this problem by rotating the levels, to get a relatively even distribution of sunlight.
Vancouver Verticrop System
Top, middle & bottom,
The VERTICROP system used on top of a parkade in Vancouver, where Four-metre-high stacks of growing trays on motorized conveyors will ferry plants up, down and around for watering, to capture the sun’s rays and then move them into position for an easy harvest (Falk, 2014).
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Sky Greens’ A-Go-Gro (AGG) System Left, right above & right below, The rotation of the A-frame vertical farming ( 6m (H) x 3m (L) x 1.85m; 26 troughs x 48 plants ) is powered by hydraulic pulley system, up to 4 rotations a day (Al-Kodmany, 2018). Rainwater Water pulley System pump Sky Greens is Singapore’s first commercial vertical farm that is low carbon and hydraulic water-driven. To ensure all vegetables receive an equal distribution of sunlight, the vegetables are planted and harvested on slowly-rotating vertical racks (nearly 3 rotations per day) made of aluminium and steel, which is known as the “A-Go-Gro” technology. The system is powered by a gravity-aided water-pulley system that utilizes rainwater collected in overhead reservoirs. The structre weighs 1.7 ton but only 0.5 liters of water is required to rotate the system (Al-Kodmany, 2018).
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Urbananas’ Rotating Conveyor System Proposed by SOA architects, Urbanana is a vertical farming project wedged between two residential buildings within the fast-growing urban context. A steel frame structure supports the transparent curtain wall making the interior space independent of internal construction. In order to miximaze the gain of natural light, a rotating conveyor system is deployed where the interior is free of a conventional flooring system with only a few bridges providing the necessary access between sections (MacKenzie, 2017).
Rotating convey system
Top, the crop production in the greenhouse
Harvesting & waste management
operates by using chain rotation, where potted banana plants move on a conveyor to ensure an even distribution of light
Restaurant & Exhibitions
and airflow.
Right, the conveyor The harvesting and waste handling area is surrounded by the conveyer system. At the ground level, a restaurant and exhibition rooms welcome people to consume the produce and learn about how the vertical farming works.
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system makes each floor entirely transparent, allowing natural and artificial light to filter through the whole building.
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Plantagon Helix Conveyer System Plantagon offers three approaches to vertical farming: either a facade that is clipped on to an existing building, a multifunctional greenhouse allowing the building to continue functioning with additional food-growing system, or an entire building devoted to growing food. To provide sufficient daylighting, a helix conveyer system is integrated into the vertical farming (Al-Kodmany, 2018).
Above & Bottom, another variation of Plantagon’s vertical farming prototype. Seeds are planted in the ground floor, then lifted to the top and next moves down by the helix belt system. The PlantaWall facade system could also shade for the offices while providing adequate daylighting (Al-Kodmany, 2018).
Top & bottom, the proposed vertical farm by Plantagon, which has a helix structure stretched vertically in the center of a sphere-shape greenhouse. Seeds are prepared into the pots at the ground floor, then elevated to the top of the helix and placed on the moving belt that convey them slowly back to the ground. When the pots reach the ground floor, plants are ready to harvest.
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Fe rti l i za tion b y W a s te Mushrooms play a cru-
Turning wastes into nutrients
cial role in the cycling of nutrients and their ability to do this makes them perfect for recycling a wide range of organic waste streams like coffee grounds.
Mushroom
Mushroom Farm
Cafe
Coffee Grounds
Top & bottom, the basic principle of aquaponics is to put waste to use. Fish living in aquaponic tanks excrete waste and respirate ammonia into water. The waste from fish produces natural bacteria that converts waste like ammonia into nitrate. This nitrate is then absorbed by plants as a source of nutrients.
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Spent coffee grounds are a huge waste resource, and are packed full of nutrients which the Oyster Mushrooms love to grow on. Mushrooms could grow on fresh coffee waste as the substrate is already pasteurised by the coffee brewing process, so the whole pasteurising step can be bypassed and the growing can get straight into the inoculating. The farmingscraper in urban context could have both cafe and mushroom farms, which doesn’t require sunlight and could utilize the fresh coffee grounds produced by cafe and restaurants.
Above, Bunker Comestible, organic mushroom farm in a converted gunpowder warehouse in France which grows mushrooms and greenery.
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S y s tem S us ta i n a b i l i t y How sustainable is the system ?
There are various farming techniques mentioned, but when they are integrated into supercities will the architecture become just another version of eco-efficient building that is “Doing more with less” in terms of sustainability? The “Doing more
Diagram showing the sustainable farming model with material and energy recycling inside the system (Stoknesa, Scholwinbc, & Krzesiński, 2016).
with less” approach has played a valuable role in former decades but is insufficient in coping with the forthcoming ecological destruction and global change in the new century.
With “cradle to cradle” system thinking, the efficient “Food to waste to food” system is designed including components (producers, consumers and decomposers)that help the recycling system run without waste (Stoknesa, Scholwinbc, & Krzesiński, 2016).
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System thinking should be taken into account when evaluating the contribution of vertical farming to urban sustainability and resilience. Inspired by how the interconnected relationships work within natural ecosystems, the Mobius Project adopts a closed-loop system, where waste of one component is food for another, with its nutrients and energy flowing and recycling perpetually.
It is a proposed architectural design combining urban farming with restaurant located in a roundabout in London. The fresh food consumed in the restaurant are harvested from the productive greenhouse, and its generated food scraps are either fed to fish or to wormery composter that provide nutrients for plant growing. The local organic waste classified as biodegradable substances is diverted to the anaerobic
digester for producing methane to generate electricity and heat to support operation of the greenhouse. The filtered wastewater without solids is further treated by the “living machine� system that emulates the ecology of wetlands which consists of bacteria, plants, zooplankton and fish, and the clean water generated from the treatment process will be used for drinking and greenhouse irrigation (Buck, 2015).
The Mobius Project designed in a self-sustaining ecological system with material and energy recycling inside(Peer, n.d.)
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Pu blic En gage m e n t an d So c ial Valu e s How can vertical farming help relink people to the origin of food and add educational and social values?
With the physical disconnection to the agriculture, people living in the “concrete jungle� have lost the visible and mental connection to the origin of food, and with the advent of high-rise living, urban inhabitants are more distant than ever to the natural environment. In addition to feeding more population and facilitating urban sustainability, vertical farming played a crucial role to relink people in supercities with the origin of food and educate them to understand its importance. The VAC Library is a small climbing library made of wood where vegetables, koi carp and chickens are kept, designed for children to learn about self-sustaining ecosystems (Astbury, 2019).
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Home Farm designed by Spark integrating aged housing with farming-related programs, activating the whole community(Frearson, 2015).
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Designed by Spark, the project “Home farm� proposed for Singapore is the combination of affordable retirement communities with urban farming. The self-sufficient farming integrates several interconnected programs including Soil-based farming on the highest level, aquaponic vertical farming on facades, apartments with communal corridor behind the farming facades, an agriculture center, an organic supermarket and a produce market. The vertical farming community offers jobs for seniors
including planting, harvesting, sorting, packing, sales on site, tours, recycling, cleaning, and so on. In addition to the payment of fresh food and salary, their operation of the sustainable system could offset their utility bills and healthcare costs (Frearson, 2015). In this case, the residents of elder generations are directly involved in different food production techniques, which help themselves promote self-esteem and retain an active community engagement.
Top&Bottom, Home Farm provides different ways of farming in different sections, and offers a number of public program inviting people to participate (Frearson, 2015)
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Left & Right, The hydroponic facade of Home Farm is connected to other components such as fish tank, rain water catchment, biomass power plant, steam turbine and generator, which creates a whole self-sustaining system that maximizing energy and material efficiency (Frearson, 2015)
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Left & Right, Sunqiao Urban Agricul-
tural District engage the public in an urban & precinct level (Frearson, 2015)
Different from “Home farm� where education and participation are mainly within the community, the Sunqiao Urban Agricultural District designed by Sasaki provide inspirations on how to involve the general public. To engage the public, the masterplan includes a set of experiences and services relating to farming and gardening, such as restaurants, festival markets, a culinary academy, waterfront fitness,
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interactive greenhouses. The skywalk stitching different destinations could showcase people the rotating plants and vine species. By touring around the precinct, the public could have close access to the agriculture and understand how each part plays its role in making the ecological system run(Niall Walsh, 2017). The project successfully creates a robust public realm by using vertical farming as a dynamic
Top&Bottom, Sunqiao Urban Agricultural District integrate a number of
moments where people could access to and learn about various farming components (Frearson, 2015)
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In terms of the design on site, the programs should be orchestrated vertically according to the technical constraints and site opportunities. For example, the lower levels could focus on public programs due to high accessibility. The aquaponics could help create a combination of aquarium and hydroponic farming workshop for education and entertainment, where people have fun, participate and learn about the nutrient cycling system. Fresh produce market and organic restaurants could invite people to taste and buy healthy food that are collected by themselves from the exhibited indoor
planting social Combination of innovative farming and the landscape that invite the public in the Sunqiao Urban Agricultural District (Niall Walsh, 2017)
housing greenhouse hydroponic corridor
farming lab with PFAL
agricultrual museum restaurant fresh produce mareket
aquarium & workshop
Program bubble diagram
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Con cl u s i on
The design called Hydroponic Pumping Station revitalizes the old pumping station in Pila, Poland, and turns it into a place where people can learn, practice, and get accustomed to growing your own food. (Furuto, 2013) The design gives inspirations on how engage people with revitalizing heritage...
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Young & Jackson Hotel, Melbourne, VIC
Although Farmingscraper is quite a new typology in the real world, especially in the compact cities, there is a great potential to realize it on the site by integrating various farming techniques, which could not only achieve goals of feeding extra people and responding to the environmental issues in the future, but also relink people in cities to the origin of food physically and mentally, letting them un-
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ELIZABETH ST
S i t e L o c a t i o n & Co n t e xt
TRAMS
FLINDERS LN Heritage
Central
Plaza
SITE
FLINDERS ST
TRAMS
SWANSTON ST
Rooftop
FLINDERS ST
ENTRANCE to FLINDERS TRAIN STATION
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ELIZABETH ST
R eq u i r e m e n t fo r M a s t e r p l a n C o n n e c t io n
FLINDERS LN
SWANSTON ST
Heritage Rooftop (10 levels)
SITE
FLINDERS ST
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FLINDERS ST
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S o l a r S t u d i e s & M a s s in g Building not rotated
Sunlight concentrate on one side 44
45 degrees rotated
Sunlight concentrate on both sides
stepped terraces
stepped terraces for solar optimization and public spaces 45
S o l a r O p t i mi z a t i o n & O r i en t at io n 45 degrees rotated and stepped terraces
Prospect towards Elizabeth St
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Vision from the sky terrace
Prospect towards Northeast
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S o l a r O p t i mi z a t i o n & Co n ne c t io n
Sunlight on Facade & Terraces
Sunlight on Facade & Terraces
Vertical & Site Connection
Multiple Entrances at different levels
Vertical Connection to Rooftop of Heritage Building 48
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Co ncep t D evel o p me n t Why p r op os e F a rmi n g s c r a p e r i n S u p e r c i t y? • Predictable Food scarcity in the future • Mitigate Environmental Impacts (e.g. Save lands for more forests, minimize transportation, efficient utilization of resources ) • Educate people about the farming techniques and ecologies, and also the stories behind the final food products • Reconnect urban life and food origin
Nowadays, people in cities have a rapid pace of life, consuming package of salad vegetables, freezed chips, canned beans and instant noodles, but the link to the stories behind these food products have been lost since industrialization and urbanization.
=
In our perception, the only effort to gain something to eat is just money, but people in cities still need to know the stories behind the food products.
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Co ncep t D evel o p me n t Co ncep t S ta teme n t REconnection between urban life and farming: The Farmingscraper intends to rebuild the connection between people and the origin of food, making farming again become the backdrop of the stage of urban life. To achieve this, the architecture not only include various efficient farming techniques, but also is meant to slow down the speed of visitors, in order to create more opportunites for them to interact with other people and farming-related programs.
The architecture encourage BCDA Iconic Building | CAZA
engagement and interaction, rather than just final food product
Oklahoma! tells the story of farm girl Laurey Williams and her courtship by two rival suitors
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Prog ra m m a ti c M a s s i n g
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Airbnb Private Planting
Program Arrangement
Hotel Hotel Facilities
Hydroponic Planting (1.Leafy Green/2.Root+Fruit)
Cafe
Aquaponic Fishing
Mushroom Culture
Double Helix: Helical Farming Belt + Helical Ramp (1.Leafy Green)
Farming Operation & Admin Office
Seed Library Rotating Vertical Farming Greenhouse (1.Leafy Green)
Sky Garden
Lecture Theatre/ Cinema Restaurant
Hydroponic Planting (1.Leafy Green/2.Root+Fruit) Rooftop Farming Garden (1.Leafy Green/2.Root+Fruit/3.Staple)
Sky Garden
Aquaponic Fishing
Workshop/ Activity Room
No direct sun light low sunlight exposure medium sunlight exposure high sunlight exposure “consumer“ programs
Fresh Produce Market 56
Lobby
non-farming programs
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Sel ecti o n of C r op s to maximize the utilization of sunlight and make the vertical farming economical viable ...
To maximize the energy efficiency and make it economically viable, in the foreseeable future, plants grown in vertical farms ideally need the following characteristics:
high edible mass percentage low plant height fast growing cycles suited to hydroponic growing short shelf life
Leafy greens don't require much light to grow, as they are made of around 95% water and their edible mass makes up most of the crop, so they are the most common crops cultivated in vertical farming.
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watercress
spinach
lettuce
romaine
pac choi
oak lettuce
Based on the characteristics mentioned above that determine the energy efficiency in vertical farming, the crop types could be broken into three broad categories: chinese
kale
mizuna
arugula
Phase 1: Leafy greens and Herbs, which is the current phase that most vertical farming adopt.
cabbage
Phase 2: Vegetables, Roots, Pulses and ground fruits, which will require 2.5 times more energy per kilo. Phase 3: Staple crops, nuts and Tree Fruits with 30 times more energy per kilo. tomato
eggplant
wheat
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carrot
zucchini
oat
beetroot
broccoli
cauliflowers
Therefore, for the reason of efficiency of natural light and energy, which is also related to economical viability, in current phase the proposed vertical farming architecture would focus on phase 1 and phase 2 crops, while the phase 3 crops are cultivated only for educational purpose in some program like agriculture centre.
onion
rice
green pea
corn
barley
There are many dwarf varieties of existing staple crops, which could be utilized in vertical farming responding to limitation of sun lights and energy efficiency.
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Airbnb
Farmi ng T echni q ues
Private Planting
Hotel Hotel Facilities
Hydroponic Planting (1.Leafy Green/2.Root+Fruit)
Cafe
Aquaponic Fishing
Sky Garden
Mushroom Culture
Double Helix: Helical Farming Belt + Helical Ramp (1.Leafy Green)
Farming Operation & Admin Office
Seed Library
Ecology of Aquponics
Rotating Vertical Farming Greenhouse (1.Leafy Green)
Sky Garden
Lecture Theatre/ Cinema Restaurant
Hydroponic Planting (1.Leafy Green/2.Root+Fruit) Rooftop Farming Garden (1.Leafy Green/2.Root+Fruit/3.Staple)
Aquaponic Fishing
Workshop/ Activity Room
No direct sun light low sunlight exposure medium sunlight exposure high sunlight exposure “consumer“ programs
Fresh Produce Market 62
Lobby
non-farming programs
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Airbnb Private Planting
Program Arrangement
Hotel Hotel Facilities
Hydroponic Planting (1.Leafy Green/2.Root+Fruit)
Cafe
Aquaponic Fishing
Mushroom
Mushroom Farm
Cafe
Sky Garden
Mushroom Culture
Double Helix: Helical Farming Belt + Helical Ramp (1.Leafy Green)
Farming Operation & Admin Office
Seed Library
Coffee Grounds
Rotating Vertical Farming Greenhouse (1.Leafy Green)
Sky Garden
Lecture Theatre/ Cinema Restaurant
Hydroponic Planting (1.Leafy Green/2.Root+Fruit) Rooftop Farming Garden (1.Leafy Green/2.Root+Fruit/3.Staple)
Aquaponic Fishing
Workshop/ Activity Room
No direct sun light low sunlight exposure medium sunlight exposure high sunlight exposure “consumer“ programs
Fresh Produce Market 64
Lobby
non-farming programs
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Airbnb Private Planting
Program Arrangement
Hotel Hotel Facilities
Hydroponic Planting (1.Leafy Green/2.Root+Fruit)
Cafe
Aquaponic Fishing
Mushroom Culture
Double Helix: Helical Farming Belt + Helical Ramp (1.Leafy Green)
Plantagon Helix Conveyer System
Farming Operation & Admin Office
Seed Library Rotating Vertical Farming Greenhouse (1.Leafy Green)
Sky Garden
Lecture Theatre/ Cinema Restaurant
Hydroponic Planting (1.Leafy Green/2.Root+Fruit) Rooftop Farming Garden (1.Leafy Green/2.Root+Fruit/3.Staple)
Sky Garden
Aquaponic Fishing
Workshop/ Activity Room
Plantagon Helix Conveyer System
No direct sun light low sunlight exposure medium sunlight exposure high sunlight exposure “consumer“ programs
Fresh Produce Market 66
Lobby
non-farming programs
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Airbnb
Farmi ng T echni q ues
Private Planting
Hotel Hotel Facilities
Hydroponic Planting (1.Leafy Green/2.Root+Fruit)
Cafe
Aquaponic Fishing
A-FRAME Rotating System
Mushroom Culture
Double Helix: Helical Farming Belt + Helical Ramp (1.Leafy Green)
Farming Operation & Admin Office
Seed Library Rotating Vertical Farming Greenhouse (1.Leafy Green)
Sky Garden
Rooftop Farming Garden (1.Leafy Green/2.Root+Fruit/3.Staple)
A-FRAME Rotating System
Lecture Theatre/ Cinema Restaurant
Hydroponic Planting (1.Leafy Green/2.Root+Fruit) Vancouver Verticrop System
Sky Garden
Aquaponic Fishing
Workshop/ Activity Room
Vancouver Verticrop System
No direct sun light low sunlight exposure medium sunlight exposure high sunlight exposure “consumer“ programs
Fresh Produce Market 68
Lobby
non-farming programs
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Farmi ng-r el a ted Pr ogr a ms
Airbnb Private Planting
Hotel Hotel Facilities
Hydroponic Planting (1.Leafy Green/2.Root+Fruit)
Cafe
Aquaponic Fishing
Seed Library, Sunqiao Shang Hai
Mushroom Culture
Double Helix: Helical Farming Belt + Helical Ramp (1.Leafy Green)
Farming Operation & Admin Office
Seed Library Rotating Vertical Farming Greenhouse (1.Leafy Green)
Sky Garden
Lecture Theatre/ Cinema Restaurant
Hydroponic Planting (1.Leafy Green/2.Root+Fruit) Vancouver Verticrop System
Rooftop Farming Garden (1.Leafy Green/2.Root+Fruit/3.Staple)
Sky Garden
Aquaponic Fishing
Workshop/ Activity Room
No direct sun light low sunlight exposure medium sunlight exposure high sunlight exposure “consumer“ programs
Fresh Produce Market 70
Lobby
non-farming programs
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Farmi ng-r el a ted Pr ogr a ms
Airbnb Private Planting
Hotel Hotel Facilities
Hydroponic Planting (1.Leafy Green/2.Root+Fruit)
Cafe
Aquaponic Fishing
Mushroom Culture
Double Helix: Helical Farming Belt + Helical Ramp (1.Leafy Green)
Airbnb accommodation in Farm
Farming Operation & Admin Office
Seed Library Rotating Vertical Farming Greenhouse (1.Leafy Green)
Sky Garden
Lecture Theatre/ Cinema Restaurant
Hydroponic Planting (1.Leafy Green/2.Root+Fruit) Rooftop Farming Garden (1.Leafy Green/2.Root+Fruit/3.Staple)
Sky Garden
Aquaponic Fishing
Workshop/ Activity Room
Home Farm
No direct sun light low sunlight exposure medium sunlight exposure high sunlight exposure “consumer“ programs
Fresh Produce Market 72
Lobby
non-farming programs
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Farmi ng-r el a ted Pr ogr a ms
Airbnb Private Planting
Hotel Hotel Facilities
Hydroponic Planting (1.Leafy Green/2.Root+Fruit)
Cafe
Aquaponic Fishing
Mushroom Culture
Double Helix: Helical Farming Belt + Helical Ramp (1.Leafy Green)
Airbnb accommodation in Farm
Farming Operation & Admin Office
Seed Library Rotating Vertical Farming Greenhouse (1.Leafy Green)
Sky Garden
Lecture Theatre/ Cinema Restaurant
Hydroponic Planting (1.Leafy Green/2.Root+Fruit) Rooftop Farming Garden (1.Leafy Green/2.Root+Fruit/3.Staple)
Sky Garden
Aquaponic Fishing
Workshop/ Activity Room
Home Farm
No direct sun light low sunlight exposure medium sunlight exposure high sunlight exposure “consumer“ programs
Fresh Produce Market 74
Lobby
non-farming programs
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Vege/Fruite Picking
Harvesting activities happen next to public/communal space, promoting social interaction
Vancouver Verticrop
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antonio scarponi combines urban farming with industrial rooftops
Fruit Picking in MELBOURNE
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Social Market
The Urban Village Project
Market Space at the bottom, not only for selling fresh produce but more like an exchange space for people’s interaction.
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The Urban Village Project
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a cluster of mixed-use towers in Abu Dhabi, featuring pixellated corners that will frame a public square the 2019 Horticultural Expo in Beijing
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Effect of spectrum on plant growth
Selection of membrane color for different functions
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the 2019 Horticultural Expo in Beijing
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“Stem” Helixal Farming Belt & Spiral Circulation
“Pixeled Forest” Framed planting platforms & Connector
The Farmingscraper intends to rebuild the connection between people and the origin of food, making farming again become the backdrop of the stage of urban life. To achieve this, the architecture not only include various efficient farming techniques, but also is meant to slow down the speed of visitors, in order to create more opportunites for them to interact with other people and farming-related programs.
Heritage Building
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hiroshi nakamura's ribbon chapel
BCDA Iconic Building | CAZA
Helixal “stem“ with spiral circulation surrounding the cylindric Plant Factory
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plenty Plant Factory
Green Village VerticalFarming
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R ef er ence s Astbury, J. (2019). Climbing-frame library in Vietnam has a thriving aquaponics
Heather. (2018). What’s The Difference: Hydroponics Vs. Aquaponics Vs. Aer-
system. Retrieved from https://www.dezeen.com/2019/01/20/vac-library-farm-
oponics. Retrieved from https://originhydroponics.com/hydroponics-vs-aqua-
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