Material Craftivism by Da Wy

MDEF 2020/2021 | David Wyss

RECIPES FROM

M AT E R I A L CRAFTIVISM

A practice-based approach to material research and knowledge exchange with the aim of developing and supporting alternative frameworks of production and consumption

MDEF 2020/2021 DAVID WYSS

MATERIAL CRAFTIVISM

BIOPLASTICS

DAVID WYSS

/bī-ō-ˈpla-stik/

Plastic that is made or derived from biological materials

A bioplastic is a biobased polymer derived from renewable biomass sources, and can be used to tackle the issue of plastic waste. Bioplastics are generally comprised of a biopolymer, a plasticizer and a solvent. Bioplastics are: •

Biodegradable: They are made by organic components found in nature

•

Bio-compostable: Add fibers, minerals or food waste to create a biocomposite

•

Reusable: If broken into small pieces and heated with water, they can be recasted into new forms

•

Thermoplastics with low melting points: They can be deformed by long periods of sun exposure

•

Not water resistant: They will deform if exposed to rain or get wet (add wax to improve resistance)

•

Adaptive: Expect bioplastics to shrink as water evaporates during the drying process

Source: Dunne, M. (2020). Bioplastic Cook Book for Fabtextiles.

MATERIAL CRAFTIVISM

APPARATUS SETUP

Home Apparatus Tools This home asparatus includes a set of relevant tools that can be used to make any of the following bioplastic recipes.

Gas Stove

Electric Scale

Pot

Cylinder

Spoon

Frame

DAVID WYSS

BIOLOGY ZERO

AGAR AGAR

Agar is a biopolymer made from agarose and agaropectin, which can be found in the cell walls of red algae from the phylum Rhodophyta. Agar is often used as a substrate for culture media in petri dishes used in biological laboratories. Through heating and boiling, the agarose will be released and the molecular bonds are able to realign and can create the actual biomaterial. Agar Agar bioplastics are extremely prone to shrinking, expect for recipes containing 0.0 g to 2.7 g of glycerine.

DAVID WYSS

Source: Dunne, M. (2020). Bioplastic Cook Book for Fabtextiles. Ribeau, T. (2020). Bioplastic Cookbook for Ritual Healing from Petrochemical Landscapes.

MATERIAL CRAFTIVISM

#1 AGAR FLEX

BIOPOLYMER

COMPOSITION

Agar Agar 5g

SOLVENT

Water 150 ml

I II III IV V VI

PLASTICIZER

Glycerol 15 g

ADDITIVE

---

Prepare the work area with gas plate, hot pot, electric scale, measuring cylinder, and the needed ingredients (Agar Agar, water, Glycerol) by hand Measure out 15g of Glycerol, 150ml of water, and 5g of Agar Agar, and add the mixin the kitchen pot Cook over low-medium heat (just below boiling) and keep stiring until the solution starts to become viscous, then stir for a few more minutes With a spoon remove any froth, so that the bioplastic will have a glossy, smooth surface Remove from heat and stir for a minute, then pour it into the frame - make sure you donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t cool too long After 24 hours, remove the bioplastic from the frame and let it hang dry for a few days

DAVID WYSS

SOLID

FLEX

Source: Dunne, M. (2020). Bioplastic Cook Book for Fabtextiles. Ribeau, T. (2020). Bioplastic Cookbook for Ritual Healing from Petrochemical Landscapes.

FOAM

BIOLOGY ZERO

GELATINE

Gelatin is a biopolymer derived from pig collagen (skin), which can be typically found as a waste product in the food industry. Gelatin biopolymers are made from protein polymer chains of amino acid monomers. The biopolymer dissolves in water before forming a gel substance. It is one of the stiffer bioplastics to work with, making it ideal to use for alternative packaging and/or to replace stiff plastic materials.

DAVID WYSS

Source: Dunne, M. (2020). Bioplastic Cook Book for Fabtextiles. Ribeau, T. (2020). Bioplastic Cookbook for Ritual Healing from Petrochemical Landscapes.

MATERIAL CRAFTIVISM

#2 GELATINE FLEXI

BIOPOLYMER

COMPOSITION

Gelatine 30 g

SOLVENT

Water 100 ml

I II III IV V VI VII

PLASTICIZER

Glycerol 30 g

ADDITIVE

Avocado Pills 7 gr

Prepare the work area with gas plate, hot pot, electric scale, measuring cylinder, and the needed ingredients (Gelatine, water, Glycerol) Pour 150ml of water into the kitchen pot, before measuring and adding 30g of Gelatine powder Add 30g Glycerine and stir all mixed ingredients in the kitchen pot, until there are no more clumps Cook over low-medium heat (just below boiling) and keep stiring until solution starts to thicken continue stirring mixture With a spoon remove any excess and clumps Make sure the bioplastic has a smooth surface Remove from heat, add 7g of Avocado Pills and stir for another minute, then pour it into the frame After 24 hours, remove the bioplastic from the frame, and let it hang dry for a few days

DAVID WYSS

SOLID

FLEX

Source: Dunne, M. (2020). Bioplastic Cook Book for Fabtextiles. Ribeau, T. (2020). Bioplastic Cookbook for Ritual Healing from Petrochemical Landscapes.

FOAM

MATERIAL CRAFTIVISM

#3 GELATINE COMBO FORTE

BIOPOLYMER

Gelatine 20 g

SOLVENT

Water 150 ml

PLASTICIZER

Glycerol 30 g

ADDITIVE

---

Agar 5g

COMPOSITION

Prepare the work area with gas plate, hot pot, electric scale, measuring cylinder, and the needed ingredients (Gelatine, Agar, water, Glycerol) by hand

Pour 150ml of water into the pot, before measuring and adding 20g of Gelatine and 5g Agar Agar

III

Add 30g of Glycerine and stir all mixed ingredients in the kitchen pot until there are no more clumps

Cook over low-medium heat (just below boiling) and keep stiring until solution starts to thicken continue stirring mixture

V VI

With a spoon remove any excess and clumps make sure the bioplastic has a smooth surface

VII

After 24 hours, remove the bioplastic from the wooden frame and let it hang dry for a few days

Remove from heat and stir for another minute, then pour it into the wooden frame

DAVID WYSS

SOLID

FLEX

Source: Dunne, M. (2020). Bioplastic Cook Book for Fabtextiles. Ribeau, T. (2020). Bioplastic Cookbook for Ritual Healing from Petrochemical Landscapes.

FOAM

BIOLOGY ZERO

ALGINATE

Alginate is a compound found within the cell walls of brown algae. The seaweed is part of the phylum Phaeophyceae family and is harvested to be converted into the raw biopolymer called Sodium Alginate. This substance is whatâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s used to create any Alginate product. Alginate plastic is bioplastic that is very heat resistant and can withstand temperatures up to 150 degrees celsius.

DAVID WYSS

Source: Anonymous (2020). What is Alginate? Retrieved from URL: https://dalchem.com.au/how-to/what-is-alginate Pisofidou, A. (29.10.2020). Introduction into bioplastics and recipes for how to prepare bioplastics. Presented during MDEF course.

MATERIAL CRAFTIVISM

#4 ALGINATE FLEXI

BIOPOLYMER

Sodium Alginate 12 g

COMPOSITION

SOLVENT

Water 200 ml

I II III IV V VI VII VIII

PLASTICIZER

Glycerol 25 g

ADDITIVE

---

Prepare the work area with electric scale, measuring cylinder, and all other needed ingredients Pour 200ml of wather into a pot, before measuring and adding 12g of Alginate and 20g of Glycerol Mix all ingredients by using a hand held mixer With a spoon remove any excess and clumps make sure the bioplastic has a glossy surface Once the mixture is smooth and completely dissolved, let it sit and dry for several hours Meanwhile, prepare a solution of water and calcium chloride (10%) and fill into a small spray bottle Spray the calcium chloride mixture on the surfaces, before pouring the bioplastic into the frame After a couple of minutes, spray the casted alginate with the calcium chloride mixture

DAVID WYSS

SOLID

FLEX

Source: Dunne, M. (2020). Bioplastic Cook Book for Fabtextiles. Ribeau, T. (2020). Bioplastic Cookbook for Ritual Healing from Petrochemical Landscapes.

FOAM

BIOLOGY ZERO

FOOD WASTE

Working with organic waste can bring circular solutions for the implementation of closed loops of organic feedstocks. Waste such as banana peels, avocado peels, onion peels, coffee grounds or rotten tomatoes as well as other food waste have the potential to be transformed into a biodegradable plastic packaging material. Bacteria in sugars and proteins in the food provide the relevant building blocks for bioplastics: Microorganisms can feed on those bacteria and produce PHAs (polyhydroxyalkanoates), which is separated out and made into plastics. PHA is both biodegradable and compostable.

DAVID WYSS

Source: Helmer, J. (2019). Can Food Waste be Transformed into Biodegradable Plastic? Retrieved from URL: https://foodprint.org/blog/biodegradable-plastic-food-waste/

MATERIAL CRAFTIVISM

#5 GELATINE SOLIDE WITH AVO + JUTE

BIOPOLYMER

Gelatine 30 g

SOLVENT

Water 120 ml

PLASTICIZER

Glycerol 7g

ADDITIVE

Vinegar 20 ml

COMPOSITION

Jute 5gr

I II III IV V VI

Prepare the work area with electric scale, measuring cylinder, and all the ingredients needed Mix 30g of Gelatine with 7g of Glycerol, before adding 150ml of water and 20ml of Vinegar Cook over low-medium heat (level 4/5) for ten minutes - make sure it is not boiling Cook bioplastic over low heat (level 3/5) for five more minutes Remove from heat, add Jute and stir for another two minutes, then pour it into the frame After 24 hours, remove the bioplastic from the wooden frame, and let it hang dry for a few days

DAVID WYSS

SOLID

FLEX

Source: Dunne, M. (2020). Bioplastic Cook Book for Fabtextiles. Ribeau, T. (2020). Bioplastic Cookbook for Ritual Healing from Petrochemical Landscapes.

FOAM

MATERIAL CRAFTIVISM

#6 COFFEINED BIO LEATHER FLEX

BIOPOLYMER

Sodium Alginate 8g

SOLVENT

Water 140 ml

PLASTICIZER

Glycerol 20 g

ADDITIVE

Olive Oil 8g

COMPOSITION

Dried coffee grains 8g

I II III IV V VI VII VIII

Prepare the work area with electric scale, measuring cylinder, and all the ingredients needed Measure 8g of coffee powder and add into a pot, before mixing with 20g of Glycerol & 8g of olive oil Mix all ingredients with 140 ml of water, by using an electric blender for it With a spoon remove any excess and clumps Meanwhile, prepare a solution of water and calcium chloride (10%) and fill a small spray bottle with it Spray the calcium chloride mixture on top and bottom of the biomaterial when pouring into the frame Let the calcium chloride act for 5 mins and rinse it with clean water Let the composite sample dry in a dry and warm place for one week - when the product is dry, separate it from the frame

DAVID WYSS

SOLID

FLEX

Source: Anonymous (2020). Bioplastics. Retrieved from URL: https://fabtextiles.org/tag/bioplastics/

FOAM

MATERIAL CRAFTIVISM

#7 BIOPLASTI(CHIA)

BIOPOLYMER

Gelatine 25 g

SOLVENT

Water 150 ml

PLASTICIZER

Glycerol 30 g

ADDITIVE

Chia Seeds 20 g

COMPOSITION

Kurkuma 5g

I II III IV V VI

Prepare the work area with electric scale, measuring cylinder, and all the ingredients needed Mix 25g of Gelatine with 150ml of water Cook over low-medium heat (just below boiling) for 5 minutes and keep stiring - as soon as the mix is warm enough, add 30g of Glycerine Remove from heat and stir for another two minutes, while adding 20g of Chia Seeds and 5g of Kurkuma powder to the mix - continue stirring the mix Then pour the bioplastic into a frame After 24 hours, remove the bioplastic from the frame, and let it dry for a few days

DAVID WYSS

SOLID

FLEX

Source: Anonymous (2020). Bioplastics. Retrieved from URL: https://fabtextiles.org/tag/bioplastics/

FOAM

MATERIAL CRAFTIVISM

#8 SOAPY GELATINE MIX

BIOPOLYMER

Gelatine 90 g

SOLVENT

Water 120 ml

PLASTICIZER

Glycerol 40 g

ADDITIVE

Soap 12 ml

COMPOSITION

Red Curry 5g

I II III IV V VI

Prepare the work area with electric scale, measuring cylinder, and all the ingredients needed Mix 90g of Gelatine with 120ml of water Cook over low-medium heat (just below boiling) for 5 minutes and keep stiring - as soon as the mix is warm enough, add 40g of Glycerine Remove from heat and stir for another two minutes, while adding 12ml of soap and 5g of red curry powder to the mix - continue stirring the mix Then pour the bioplastic into a frame After 24 hours, remove the bioplastic from the frame, and let it dry for a few days

DAVID WYSS

SOLID

FLEX

Source: Anonymous (2020). Bioplastics. Retrieved from URL: https://fabtextiles.org/tag/bioplastics/

FOAM

MATERIAL CRAFTIVISM

CONCEPT IDEA BIODEGRADABLE FISHING GEAR Around 8 million tons of plastic end up in oceans around the globe year after year. It is estimated that 25% of all marine waste is directly impacted by the fishing industry, in forms of fishing nets. Much of these tools are made out of plastic and are highly durable synthetic fibres, that take 100s of years to break down. My concept centres around the idea of prototyping and developing a biodegradable fishing net, all made out of alginate as the base biopolymer. These biodegradable fishing nets will biodegrade into natural materials within two years and produce zero toxic waste, all without affecting agricultural land. In further research and experimentation, it would be key to find suitable bacteria and algae for the development of a highly resilient, flexible and waterresistant bioplastic. Up for this challenge?

DAVID WYSS

Source: Laville, S. (2019). Bioplastics. Retrieved from URL: www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/nov/06/dumped-fishing-gear-is-biggest-plastic-polluter-in-ocean-finds-report

M AT E R I A L CRAFTIVISM

MDEF 2020/2021 DAVID WYSS