LÝ THUYẾT VÀ BÀI TẬP NÂNG CAO HÓA HỌC 9 HK1 CHƯƠNG 1 CÁC LOẠI HỢP CHẤT VÔ CƠ (CÓ ĐÁP ÁN)

BÀI TẬP NÂNG CAO MÔN HÓA HỌC

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LÝ THUYẾT VÀ BÀI TẬP NÂNG CAO HÓA HỌC 9 HK1 CHƯƠNG 1 CÁC LOẠI HỢP CHẤT VÔ CƠ (CÓ ĐÁP ÁN) WORD VERSION | 2021 EDITION ORDER NOW / CHUYỂN GIAO QUA EMAIL TAILIEUCHUANTHAMKHAO@GMAIL.COM Tài liệu chuẩn tham khảo Phát triển kênh bởi Ths Nguyễn Thanh Tú Đơn vị tài trợ / phát hành / chia sẻ học thuật : Nguyen Thanh Tu Group Hỗ trợ trực tuyến Fb www.facebook.com/DayKemQuyNhon Mobi/Zalo 0905779594

L├Ю THUYр║ЙT V├ђ B├ђI Tр║гP N├ѓNG CAO H├ЊA 9 HK1

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CHк»каNG 1: C├ЂC LOр║аI Hр╗бP CHр║цT V├ћ Cка L├й thuyр║┐t: OXIT I. Kh├Аi niр╗Єm L├а hр╗Бp chр║Цt cр╗Дa oxi vр╗Џi mр╗Ўt nguy├фn tр╗Љ kh├Аc.

II. Ph├бn loр║Аi OXIT BAZO

OXIT AXIT

a. T├Аc dр╗Цng vр╗Џi nк░р╗Џc Bazo

a. T├Аc dр╗Цng vр╗Џi nк░р╗Џc dd axit

TQ: + РѕњРєњ 2

Vd: + РѕњРєњ

b. T├Аc dр╗Цng vр╗Џi axit Muр╗Љi +

b. T├Аc dр╗Цng vр╗Џi dd Bazo Muр╗Љi +

Vd: + 2 РѕњРєњ 2 +

Рќ║Lк░u ├й: sp tр║Аo th├аnh c├│ thр╗Ѓ l├а 1 hoр║иc 2 muр╗Љi t├╣y v├аo tр╗Ѕ lр╗Є hoр║иc ─Љiр╗Ђu kiр╗Єn ─Љр╗Ђ b├аi cho.

Vd: + +

2 +

c. T├Аc dр╗Цng vр╗Џi oxit axit muр╗Љi

c. T├Аc dр╗Цng vр╗Џi oxit bazo muр╗Љi

Vd: + РѕњРєњ

OXIT Lк»р╗аNG T├ЇNH ( nhк░ , Рђд vр╗Фa t├Аc dр╗Цng ─Љк░р╗Бc vр╗Џi bazo, vр╗Фa t├Аc dр╗Цng vр╗Џi axit tр║Аo muр╗Љi v├а nк░р╗Џc.

Vd. + 2 РѕњРєњ 2 + + 6 РѕњРєњ 2 + 3 + 2 РѕњРєњ + + 2 РѕњРєњ + III. ─љiр╗Ђu chр║┐ ─љiр╗Ђu chр║┐ oxit kim loр║Аi

─љiр╗Ђu chр║┐ oxit axit

a. Kim loр║Аi + Oxit bazo

a. Phi kim + Oxit axit

Vd. + 1/2 Рєњ

Vd. 4! + 5/2 Рєњ 2! #

b. Nhiр╗Єt ph├бn muр╗Љi

b. Nhiр╗Єt ph├бn muр╗Љi

CHк»каNG 1: C├ЂC LOр║аI Hр╗бP CHр║цT V├ћ Cка

TRANG 1

L� THUYẞT VÀ BÀI TẏP NÂNG CAO HÓA 9 HK1

.

Vd. → +

Vd. → +

$ 1

→ + 2 + 2

c. Nhiᝇt phân Bazo không tan ^&

Vd. 2 '( + 3

$ 1

→ + 2 + 2

c. Cho kim loấi + đạc hoạc Vd. + 2 + + 2 d. Cho muᝑi phản ᝊng v᝛i axit Vd. + 2 + +

Bà i tập Dấng 1. Oxit bazo + axit Bư᝛c 1. Tính sᝑ mol .

Bư᝛c 2. Viết phưƥng trÏnh.

BĆ°áť›c 3. Ä?ĂĄp ᝊng yĂŞu cầu bĂ i toĂĄn.

M᝙t sᝑ lưu ý : Phưƥng trÏnh t᝕ng quåt v᝛i HCl : ) + 2 2) + - BTNT Oxi : * $+, -. = 01* - BTNT H : 02. = 2 01* - 345ᝑ, = 3-. + 32.

- Ä?LBT kháť‘i lưᝣng : 371* + 302. = 375áť‘, + 301* PhĆ°ĆĄng trĂŹnh táť•ng quĂĄt váť›i : ) + ) + - BTNT Oxi : * $+, -. = 01* - BTNT H : 018*9 = 01* - 345áť‘, = 3-. + 38*9 - Ä?LBT kháť‘i lưᝣng : 371* + 301 8*9 = 375áť‘, + 301* BĂ i 1. Cho 1,6 gam Ä‘áť“ng (II) oxit tĂĄc d᝼ng váť›i 100gam dung dáť‹ch axit sunfuric cĂł náť“ng Ä‘áť™ 20%. a. Viáşżt phĆ°ĆĄng trĂŹnh hĂła háť?c. b. TĂ­nh náť“ng Ä‘áť™ phần trăm cᝧa cĂĄc chẼt cĂł trong dung dáť‹ch sau phản ᝊng. (Ä?S : 3,15%) ...................................................................................................................................................

CHĆŻĆ NG 1: CĂ C LOáş I HᝢP CHẤT VĂ” CĆ

TRANG 2

L� THUYẞT VÀ BÀI TẏP NÂNG CAO HÓA 9 HK1

. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 2. Ä?áťƒ hòa tan hoĂ n toĂ n 2,32 gam :; cần V ml dung dáť‹ch HCl 1M. TĂŹm giĂĄ tráť‹ cᝧa V ? (Ä?S : 80ml) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 3. Tháťƒ tĂ­ch dung dáť‹ch chᝊa 0,1) =Ă 0,05 ) cần thiáşżt Ä‘áťƒ hòa tan 0,16 gam :; lĂ ? (Ä?S : 30ml) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 4. Tháťƒ tĂ­ch dung dáť‹ch chᝊa HCl 0,5M vĂ 0,75M cần thiáşżt Ä‘áťƒ hòa tan 2,32 gam :; lĂ : (Ä?S : 40ml) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

CHĆŻĆ NG 1: CĂ C LOáş I HᝢP CHẤT VĂ” CĆ

TRANG 3

L� THUYẞT VÀ BÀI TẏP NÂNG CAO HÓA 9 HK1

. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 5. Cho 9,12 gam háť—n hᝣp gáť“m :; , :; , :; tĂĄc d᝼ng váť›i dung dáť‹ch HCl( dĆ°). Sau khi phản ᝊng xảy ra hoĂ n toĂ n , thu đưᝣc dung dáť‹ch Y ; cĂ´ cấn dung dáť‹ch Y thu đưᝣc 7,62 gam :; vĂ m gam :; . TĂŹm giĂĄ tráť‹ cᝧa m . (Ä?s : 9,75 gam ) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 6. Cho x gam háť—n hᝣp gáť“m )? , :; , , tĂĄc d᝼ng vᝍa đᝧ váť›i 50 gam dung dáť‹ch 11,76%. CĂ´ cấn dung dáť‹ch sau phản ᝊng thu đưᝣc 8,41 gam muáť‘i khan. TĂŹm giĂĄ tráť‹ cᝧa x. (Ä?s : 3,61 gam) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 7. Cho 21,3 gam háť—n hᝣp X gáť“m 3 kim loấi Al, Cu, Mg tĂĄc d᝼ng hoĂ n toĂ n váť›i oxi dĆ° ( cĂł Ä‘un nĂłng), thu đưᝣc háť—n hᝣp rắn B cĂł kháť‘i lưᝣng 33,3 gam. Ä?áťƒ hòa tan hoĂ n toĂ n lưᝣng rắn B cần dung táť‘i thiáťƒu bao nhiĂŞu ml dung dáť‹ch háť—n hᝣp 2) =Ă 1). (Ä?s : 375 ml) ...................................................................................................................................................

CHĆŻĆ NG 1: CĂ C LOáş I HᝢP CHẤT VĂ” CĆ

TRANG 4

L� THUYẞT VÀ BÀI TẏP NÂNG CAO HÓA 9 HK1

. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 8. Hòa tan oxit cᝧa kim loấi hĂła tráť‹ II trong máť™t lưᝣng vᝍa đᝧ dung dáť‹ch 20% thĂŹ thu đưᝣc dung dáť‹ch muáť‘i cĂł náť“ng Ä‘áť™ 22,64%. XĂĄc Ä‘áť‹nh kim loấi Ä‘Ăł. (Ä?s : Mg) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 9. Cho 0,1 mol máť™t oxit sắt tĂĄc d᝼ng vᝍa đᝧ váť›i dung dáť‹ch HCl 2M. a. Viáşżt phĆ°ĆĄng trĂŹnh dấng táť•ng quĂĄt. b. XĂĄc Ä‘áť‹nh cĂ´ng thᝊc phân táť­ Ä‘Ăşng cᝧa oxit, biáşżt lưᝣng muáť‘i thu đưᝣc lĂ 32,5 gam. Suy ra V dung dáť‹ch Ä‘ĂŁ dĂšng. c. Lưᝣng HCl dĂšng trong thĂ­ nghiᝇm trĂŞn cĂł tháťƒ trung hòa đưᝣc bao nhiĂŞu gam dd @ 17,1%. ( Ä?S : :; , 0,31 ; 300 gam) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

CHĆŻĆ NG 1: CĂ C LOáş I HᝢP CHẤT VĂ” CĆ

TRANG 5

L� THUYẞT VÀ BÀI TẏP NÂNG CAO HÓA 9 HK1

.

BĂ i 10. Cho máť™t lĆ°áť?ng CO dĆ° Ä‘i qua áť‘ng sᝊ chᝊa 15,3 gam háť—n hᝣp gáť“m FeO, ZnO Ä‘un nĂłng thu đưᝣc máť™t háť—n hᝣp chẼt rắn cĂł kháť‘i lưᝣng 12,47 gam. Biáşżt trong Ä‘iáť u kiᝇn thĂ­ nghiᝇm hiᝇu suẼt phản ᝊng đất 80%. a. TĂ­nh % kháť‘i lưᝣng háť—n hᝣp ban đầu. b. Ä?áťƒ hòa tan toĂ n báť™ chẼt rắn thu đưᝣc sau phản ᝊng trĂŞn cần dĂšng tháťƒ tĂ­ch dd HCl 2M lĂ bao nhiĂŞu. ( Ä?S : a.%3BC* = 47,06%; %3F * = 52,94% ; b. 0,2 LĂ­t) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

Bà i 11. Trong m᝙t bÏnh kÏn chᝊa =à theo tᝉ lᝇ mol 1 : 1 và m᝙t ít b᝙t xúc tåc H # .

Nung nĂłng bĂŹnh trong máť™t tháť?i gian thu đưᝣc háť—n hᝣp khĂ­ trong Ä‘Ăł khĂ­ sản phẊm chiáşżm 35,3% tháťƒ tĂ­ch. TĂ­nh hiᝇu suẼt tấo thĂ nh . (Ä?S : 60%) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 12. Máť™t háť—n hᝣp khĂ­ A gáť“m 2 khĂ­ =Ă cĂł tᝉ kháť‘i váť›i oxi báşąng 1. a. TĂ­nh thĂ nh phần % tháťƒ tĂ­ch cᝧa 2 khĂ­ trong A. b. Náşżu lẼy 6,4 gam A dẍn qua nĆ°áť›c vĂ´i trong lẼy dĆ° thĂŹ thu đưᝣc bao nhiĂŞu gam káşżt tᝧa tấo thĂ nh vĂ bao nhiĂŞu tháťƒ tĂ­ch thoĂĄt ra kháť?i dung dáť‹ch. ( Ä?S : a. 25% ; 75% b. 5 gam vĂ 3,36 lĂ­t) ...................................................................................................................................................

CHĆŻĆ NG 1: CĂ C LOáş I HᝢP CHẤT VĂ” CĆ

TRANG 6

L� THUYẞT VÀ BÀI TẏP NÂNG CAO HÓA 9 HK1

. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 13. Nung máť™t loấi Ä‘ĂĄ vĂ´i cĂł thĂ nh phần : 95% ; 1,2% )? ; 3,8% lĂ cĂĄc tấp chẼt khĂ´ng báť‹ phân hᝧy báť&#x;i nhiᝇt. Sau phản ᝊng ngĆ°áť?i ta thu đưᝣc chẼt rắn cĂł kháť‘i lưᝣng giảm 40,22% a. Viáşżt cĂĄc phĆ°ĆĄng trĂŹnh phản ᝊng xảy ra. b. XĂĄc Ä‘áť‹nh tᝉ lᝇ phần trăm Ä‘ĂĄ vĂ´i báť‹ phân hᝧy. (Ä?S : 94,79%) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 14. Háť—n hᝣp gáť“m 3 oxit : , )? , :; nạng 30 gam. Náşżu hòa tan háť—n hᝣp trĂŞn báşąng 49% cần dĂšng háşżt 158g dung dáť‹ch axit. Náşżu hòa tan háť—n hᝣp báşąng dd NaOH 2M thĂŹ tháťƒ tĂ­ch NaOH phản ᝊng lĂ 200ml. TĂ­nh phần trăm kháť‘i lưᝣng máť—i oxit. (Ä?S : % = 68%; %)? = 5,33%; %:; = 26,67%

................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

CHĆŻĆ NG 1: CĂ C LOáş I HᝢP CHẤT VĂ” CĆ

TRANG 7

L� THUYẞT VÀ BÀI TẏP NÂNG CAO HÓA 9 HK1

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BĂ i 15. CĂł máť™t háť—n hᝣp gáť“m , )? , trong Ä‘Ăł kháť‘i lưᝣng cᝧa nạng báşąng 1/8 kháť‘i lưᝣng muáť‘i cacbonat. Ä?em nung nĂłng kháť‘i lưᝣng háť—n hᝣp Ä‘áşżn khi háť—n hᝣp báť‹ phân hᝧy hoĂ n toĂ n ta thu đưᝣc chẼt rắn cĂł kháť‘i lưᝣng báşąng 6/10 kháť‘i lưᝣng cᝧa háť—n hᝣp ban đầu. a. Viáşżt cĂĄc phĆ°ĆĄng trĂŹnh hĂła háť?c xảy ra. b. TĂ­nh thĂ nh phần % váť kháť‘i lưᝣng cᝧa )? trong háť—n hᝣp ban đầu. (Ä?S : %)? = 10,6%

................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

Bà i 16. Cho CO tåc d᝼ng v᝛i CuO đun nóng đưᝣc h᝗n hᝣp chẼt rắn A và chẼt khí B. Hòa tan hoà n toà n A và o đạc ; Cho B tåc d᝼ng v᝛i nư᝛c vôi trong dư. Viết phưƥng trÏnh phản ᝊng. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

CHĆŻĆ NG 1: CĂ C LOáş I HᝢP CHẤT VĂ” CĆ

TRANG 8

L� THUYẞT VÀ BÀI TẏP NÂNG CAO HÓA 9 HK1

. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 17. Nung nĂłng háť—n hᝣp X gáť“m C vĂ CuO Ä‘áşżn khi phản ᝊng hoĂ n toĂ n thu đưᝣc chẼt rắn A. Cho chẼt rắn A phản ᝊng vᝍa đᝧ váť›i 0,5 lĂ­t dung dáť‹ch HCl 0,4M. Láť?c lẼy phần khĂ´ng tan sau phản ᝊng cho tĂĄc d᝼ng váť›i dung dáť‹ch đạc nĂłng dĆ° thu đưᝣc 1,244 lĂ­t khĂ­ (Ä‘ktc) a. TĂ­nh kháť‘i lưᝣng cᝧa háť—n hᝣp X. b. Cho lưᝣng háť—n hᝣp X nhĆ° trĂŞn tĂĄc d᝼ng váť›i dd đạc 5M vᝍa đᝧ . TĂ­nh tháťƒ tĂ­ch khĂ­ thoĂĄt ra áť&#x; Ä‘ktc vĂ tháťƒ tich dung dáť‹ch axit Ä‘ĂŁ dĂšng. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

Dấng 2 :BĂ i toĂĄn OA + Bazo BĂ i toĂĄn xuĂ´i: XĂĄc Ä‘áť‹nh sản phẊm + , @ −→ Jả LMẊ3 Biáşżt

biáşżt

?

Bư᝛c 1: Tính sᝑ mol , , @

Bư᝛c 2: XÊt tᝉ lᝇ : O = PQ RP1

L� THUYẞT VÀ BÀI TẏP NÂNG CAO HÓA 9 HK1

.

BĂ i 1. Biáşżt 2,24 lĂ­t (Ä‘ktc) tĂĄc d᝼ng vᝍa háşżt váť›i 200ml dd @ , sản phẊm lĂ @ . a. Viáşżt phĆ°ĆĄng trĂŹnh hĂła háť?c. b. TĂ­nh náť“ng Ä‘áť™ mol @ Ä‘ĂŁ dĂšng. c. TĂ­nh kháť‘i lưᝣng chẼt káşżt tᝧa thu đưᝣc. (Ä?s : b. 0,5M ; c. 19,7 gam ) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

CHĆŻĆ NG 1: CĂ C LOáş I HᝢP CHẤT VĂ” CĆ

TRANG 10

L� THUYẞT VÀ BÀI TẏP NÂNG CAO HÓA 9 HK1

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Bà i 2. Biết 4,48 lít khí (đktc) tåc d᝼ng vᝍa đᝧ v᝛i 400ml dd @ sản phẊm phản ᝊng thu đưᝣc 2 trư�ng hᝣp : a. @

b. @

1. Viết phưƥng trÏnh phản ᝊng.

2. TĂ­nh náť“ng Ä‘áť™ mol @ Ä‘ĂŁ dĂšng áť&#x; 2 trĆ°áť?ng hᝣp. (Ä?s : 0,25M vĂ 0,5M) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 3. Cho 8,8 gam khĂ­ vĂ o 200 gam dung dáť‹ch NaOH náť“ng Ä‘áť™ 10% sau phản ᝊng thu đưᝣc dung dich A. TĂ­nh náť“ng Ä‘áť™ phần trăm cĂĄc chẼt cĂł trong dung dáť‹ch A. (Ä?s : %ST*0 = 1,91% ; %ST12*U = 10,15%) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 4. Ä?áť‘t chĂĄy hoĂ n toĂ n 18 gam :; vĂ cho toĂ n báť™ lưᝣng thu đưᝣc hẼp th᝼ vĂ o 2 lĂ­t dung dáť‹ch @ 0,125M. TĂ­nh kháť‘i lưᝣng muáť‘i tấo thĂ nh. (Ä?S : 58,35gam) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

CHĆŻĆ NG 1: CĂ C LOáş I HᝢP CHẤT VĂ” CĆ

TRANG 11

L├Ю THUYр║ЙT V├ђ B├ђI Tр║гP N├ѓNG CAO H├ЊA 9 HK1

. ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

B├аi 5 : Cho V l├Гt (─Љktc) hр║Цp thр╗Ц ho├аn to├аn v├аo 200ml dd hр╗Ќn hр╗Бp KOH 1M v├а @

1,5M thu ─Љк░р╗Бc 47,28 gam kр║┐t tр╗Дa. T├гm V. (─љS : 5,376 l├Гt hoр║иc 12,544 l├Гt) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

B├аi 6 : Cho 5,52 gam muр╗Љi ) tac dр╗Цng vр╗Џi dung dр╗Іch HCl dк░, dр║Фn to├аn bр╗Ў kh├Г tho├Аt ra v├аo dung dр╗Іch @ dк░ thu ─Љк░р╗Бc 7,88 gam kр║┐t tр╗Дa. X├Аc ─Љр╗Іnh c├┤ng thр╗Еc cр╗Дa muр╗Љi. (─љS : V

................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

B├аi 7. Sр╗Цc 4,48 l├Гt kh├Г (─Љktc) v├аo 500ml dung dр╗Іch NaOH 0,1M v├а @ 0,2M. T├Гnh khр╗Љi lк░р╗Бng kр║┐t tр╗Дa thu ─Љк░р╗Бc. ─љS : 9,85 gam ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

CHк»каNG 1: C├ЂC LOр║аI Hр╗бP CHр║цT V├ћ Cка

TRANG 12

L� THUYẞT VÀ BÀI TẏP NÂNG CAO HÓA 9 HK1

. ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 8. Cho háť—n hᝣp khĂ­ A gáť“m =Ă cĂł tᝉ kháť‘i hĆĄi so váť›i báşąng 24. HẼp th᝼ hoĂ n toĂ n 4,48 lĂ­t khĂ­ A (Ä‘ktc) vĂ o 200 gam dung dáť‹ch NaOH a% thu Ä‘Ć°uáť?c dung dáť‹ch B chᝉ chᝊa 2 muáť‘i trung hòa. a. TĂ­nh a%. b. TĂ­nh náť“ng Ä‘áť™ % cᝧa cĂĄc muáť‘i cĂł trong dung dáť‹ch B. (Ä?s : a= 8% ; b. % = 8,09%; % = 2,6%

................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 9. Háť—n hᝣp X gáť“m , @ , , @ . Hòa tan háşżt 21,9 gam X trong máť™t lưᝣng nĆ°áť›c dĆ° thu đưᝣc 1,12 lĂ­t khĂ­ vĂ dung dáť‹ch Y cĂł chᝊa 20,52 gam @ . HẼp th᝼ 6,72 lĂ­t vĂ o dung Y káşżt thĂşc phản ᝊng thu đưᝣc m gam káşżt tᝧa. CĂĄc tháťƒ tĂ­ch khĂ­ Ä‘o áť&#x; cĂšng Ä‘iáť u kiᝇn tiĂŞu chuẊn. a. TĂ­nh kháť‘i lưᝣng NaOH trong dung dáť‹ch Y. b. TĂ­nh giĂĄ tráť‹ cᝧa m. (Ä?s : a. 3ST*0 = 5,6 ? 3; W. 3 = 15,76 ? 3 ) ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

CHĆŻĆ NG 1: CĂ C LOáş I HᝢP CHẤT VĂ” CĆ

TRANG 13

LÝ THUYẾT VÀ BÀI TẬP NÂNG CAO HÓA 9 HK1

. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

Bài 10. Hấp thụ hoàn toàn 4,48 lít ( đktc) vào 400ml dung dịch naOH thì thu được 17,9 gam muối. Tính nồng độ mol của dung dịch NaOH đã dùng. (Đs : 0,625M) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

Bài 11. Đốt cháy hoàn toàn 18 gam :; .hấp thụ toàn bộ lượng thu được gần 2 lít dung dịch @ 0.125M .tính khối lượng muối tạo thành. (Đs : 14.95g) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

Bài 11. Dẫn rất từ từ 1.344 lít khí ( ở điều kiện tiêu chuẩn ) vào 2 lít dung dịch hỗn hợp : NaOH 0,015M và 0,01M, sau khi phản ứng xảy ra hoàn toàn thu được dung dịch X. Viết các phương trình phản ứng xảy ra theo trình tự và khối lượng ( gam ) các chất tan có trong dung dịch X. (Đs :32T 02*U 1YZ,[1 \]^ 4_]QRPU = 2,52 ? 3

CHƯƠNG 1: CÁC LOẠI HỢP CHẤT VÔ CƠ

TRANG 14

L� THUYẞT VÀ BÀI TẏP NÂNG CAO HÓA 9 HK1

. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 12. Nung 16,8 gam háť—n hᝣp X gáť“m )? vĂ Ä‘áşżn kháť‘i lưᝣng khĂ´ng Ä‘áť•i. Dẍn toĂ n báť™ khĂ­ thu đưᝣc vĂ o 180ml dung dáť‹ch @ 1M thu Ä‘Ć°ucáť? 33,49 gam káşżt tᝧa. HĂŁy viáşżt phĆ°ĆĄng trĂŹnh phản ᝊng vĂ tĂ­nh thĂ nh phần phần trăm kháť‘i lưᝣng cᝧa máť—i chẼt cĂł trong háť—n hᝣp X. (Ä?s : %37`2*U = 68,75% ; %32T2*U = 31,25%

................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 13. Ä?áť‘t chĂĄy hoĂ n toĂ n m gam :; báşąng máť™t lưᝣng oxi vᝍa đᝧ thu đưᝣc khĂ­ X. HẼp th᝼ háşżt X vĂ o 1 lĂ­t dung dáť‹ch chᝊa @ 0,2M vĂ KOH 0,2M thu đưᝣc dung dáť‹ch Y vĂ 32,55 gam káşżt tᝧa. Cho dung dáť‹ch NaOH vĂ o dung dáť‹ch Y lấi thẼy xuẼt hiᝇn thĂŞm káşżt tᝧa. Viáşżt cĂĄc phĆ°ĆĄng trĂŹnh hĂła háť?c xảy ra vĂ tĂ­nh m. (Ä?s : 27 gam ) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

CHĆŻĆ NG 1: CĂ C LOáş I HᝢP CHẤT VĂ” CĆ

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LÝ THUYẾT VÀ BÀI TẬP NÂNG CAO HÓA 9 HK1

.

Bài 14. Hấp thụ hết V lít khí ( đktc) vào 200ml dung dịch hỗn hợp NaOH 1M và @ 0,5M thu được 11,82 gam kết tủa. Xác định giá trị của V ? (Đs : 7,616 lít) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

Bài 15. Hỗn hợp X gồm Na, Ba, , @ . Hòa tan hết 21,9 gam X trong một lượng nước dư thu được 1,12 lít khí và dung dịch Y có chứa 20,52 gam @ . Hấp thụ 6,72 lít vào dung dịch Y kết thúc phản ứng thu được m ( gam ) kết tủa. Các thể tích khí đo ở đktc. a. Tính khối lượng NaOH trong dunh dịch Y. b. Tính giá trị của m. (Đs : a. 3ST*0 = 5,6 ? 3 ; 3↓ = 15,7 ? 3

................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

Bài 16. Đốt cháy hoàn toàn m gam C trong V lít (đktc) thu đưuọc hỗn hợp khí A có tỉ khối so với là 1,25. a. Hãy xác định thành phần theo thể tích các khí có trong hỗn hợp A. b. Tính m và V. Biết rặng khi dẫn hỗn hợp A và bình đựng nước vôi trong tư tạo thành 6 gam kết tủa trắng. (Đs : 32 = 0,72 ? 3, H*1 = 2,016 íc ) ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

CHƯƠNG 1: CÁC LOẠI HỢP CHẤT VÔ CƠ

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. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

B├аi 17. Mр╗Ўt oxit cр╗Дa lк░u huр╗│nh chр╗Еa 50% oxi vр╗Ђ khр╗Љi lк░р╗Бng . a. X├Аc ─Љр╗Іnh c├┤ng thр╗Еc h├│a hр╗Їc cр╗Дa oxit ─Љ├│. b. Dр║Фn 0,448 l├Гt oxi tr├фn( ─Љktc) v├аo 50 ml dung dр╗Іch @ dк░ - T├Гnh khр╗Љi lк░р╗Бng kр║┐t tр╗Дa tр║Аo th├аnh.

- T├Гnh nр╗Њng ─Љр╗Ў mol cр╗Дa dung dр╗Іch @ . ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

L├й thuyр║┐t : AXIT

I. T├Гnh chр║Цt h├│a hр╗Їc cр╗Дa axit HCl, de fgh lo├Бng 1. L├аm quр╗│ t├Гm : h├│a ─Љр╗Ј 2. T├Аc dр╗Цng vр╗Џi kim loр║Аi (- Cu, Ag, Au, Pt, Hg) muр╗Љi + Tq : 2 + +

3. T├Аc dр╗Цng vр╗Џi oxit bazo muр╗Љi + CHк»каNG 1: C├ЂC LOр║аI Hр╗бP CHр║цT V├ћ Cка

TRANG 17

L� THUYẞT VÀ BÀI TẏP NÂNG CAO HÓA 9 HK1

.

Tq : + +

4. Tåc d᝼ng v᝛i bazo muᝑi + Tq : 2 + + 2

5. TĂĄc d᝼ng váť›i muáť‘i muáť‘i máť›i + axit máť›i Ä?k : CĂł káşżt tᝧa hoạc bay hĆĄi II. TĂ­nh chẼt hĂła háť?c cᝧa de fgh đạc - NgoĂ i nhᝯng tĂ­nh chẼt giáť‘ng váť›i axit loĂŁng đạc còn cĂł máť™t sáť‘ tĂ­nh chẼt hĂła háť?c riĂŞng.

1. Tåc d᝼ng v᝛i hầu hết cåc kim loấi (-Au, Pt)

Tq : R + + +

Vd. + 2 + + 2 2:; + 6 :; + 3 + 6 2. TĂĄc d᝼ng váť›i nhiáť u phi kim (S, C, P‌) Vd. + 2 −→ + 2 + 2 LĆ°u Ă˝ : đạc cĂł tĂ­nh hĂĄo nĆ°áť›c mấnh tảo nhiáť u nhiᝇt nĂŞn khi tiáşżp xĂşc hoạc pha loĂŁng

axit đạc phải thật cẊn thận.

BĂ i táş­p

Dấng 3. Kim loấi + dij/de fgh loĂŁng BĂ i 1. Hòa tan hoĂ n toĂ n 10,08 gam kim loấi M báşąng dung dáť‹ch HCl thu đưᝣc 13,44 lĂ­t khĂ­ (Ä‘ktc). XĂĄc Ä‘áť‹nh kim loấi M . (Ä?s: Al) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 2. Hòa tan hoĂ n toĂ n 13 gam kim loấi X báşąng dung dáť‹ch loĂŁng, thu đưᝣc 32,2 gam CHĆŻĆ NG 1: CĂ C LOáş I HᝢP CHẤT VĂ” CĆ

TRANG 18

L├Ю THUYр║ЙT V├ђ B├ђI Tр║гP N├ѓNG CAO H├ЊA 9 HK1

. muр╗Љi. Kim loр║Аi X l├а ? (─љs: Zn) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

B├аi 3. H├▓a tan ho├аn to├аn 22,2 gam hр╗Ќn hр╗Бp X gр╗Њm Al, Fe bр║▒ng dung dр╗Іch HCl dк░ thu ─Љк░р╗Бc m gam muр╗Љi v├а 13,44 l├Гt kh├Г р╗Ъ ─Љktc. a. T├Гnh phр║Дn tr─Ѓm khр╗Љi lк░р╗Бng mр╗Ќi kim loр║Аi trong X. b. T├Гn m = ?. (─љs: a.%3k. = 24,32%; %3BC = 75,68%; W. 3 = 64,8 ? 3

................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

B├аi 4. H├▓a tan ho├аn to├аn 21,4 gam hр╗Ќn hр╗Бp A gр╗Њm :; =├а bр║▒ng dung dр╗Іch HCl dк░, thu ─Љк░р╗Бc 4,48 l├Гt kh├Г (─Љktc) a. T├Гnh % khр╗Љi lк░р╗Бng mр╗Ќi chр║Цt trong A. b. T├Гnh khр╗Љi lк░р╗Бng muр╗Љi thu ─Љк░р╗Бc. (─љs: a. %3BC = 52,34%; %k.1*U = 47,66%; W. 345р╗Љ, = 52,1 ? 3) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

CHк»каNG 1: C├ЂC LOр║аI Hр╗бP CHр║цT V├ћ Cка

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. ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 5. Cho 3,68 gam háť—n hᝣp gáť“m Al vĂ Zn tĂĄc d᝼ng váť›i máť™t lưᝣng vᝍa đᝧ 10% thu đưᝣc 2,24 lĂ­t khĂ­ (Ä‘ktc). TĂ­nh kháť‘i lưᝣng muáť‘i thu đưᝣc sau phản ᝊng. (Ä?s: 101,48 gam ) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 6. Cho 17,9 gam háť—n hᝣp bĂ´t gáť“m Cu, Fe vĂ Al vĂ o dung dáť‹ch loĂŁng dĆ° thu đưᝣc 5,6 lĂ­t khĂ­ A ( Ä‘ktc) vĂ 9,6 gam chẼt rắn B vĂ dung dáť‹ch C. a. TĂ­nh phần trăm kháť‘i lưᝣng máť—i kim loấi trong háť—n hᝣp ban đầu. b. TĂ­nh kháť‘i lưᝣng dung dáť‹ch muáť‘i khan thu Ä‘Ć°uáť?c khi cĂ´ cấn dung dáť‹ch C. (Ä?s: a. %325 = 53,63%; %3BC = 31,29%; %3k. = 15,08%; l. 345áť‘, = 32,3 ? 3 ) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 7. Hòa tan hoĂ n toĂ n háť—n hᝣp X gáť“m Fe vĂ Mg báşąng máť™t lưᝣng vᝍa đᝧ dung dáť‹ch HCl 20%, thu đưᝣc dung dáť‹ch Y. Náť“ng Ä‘áť™ cᝧa :; trong dung dáť‹ch Y lĂ 15,76%. Náť“ng Ä‘áť™ % cᝧa )? trong dung dáť‹ch Y lĂ ? (Ä?s: 11,79%) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

CHĆŻĆ NG 1: CĂ C LOáş I HᝢP CHẤT VĂ” CĆ

TRANG 20

L� THUYẞT VÀ BÀI TẏP NÂNG CAO HÓA 9 HK1

. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

Bà i 8: Hòa tan hết 7,74 gam h᝗n hᝣp b᝙t Al, Mg bẹng 500ml dung dᝋch h᝗n hᝣp HCl 1M và 0,28M thu đưᝣc dung dᝋch X và 8,736 lít (đktc). Cô cấn dung dᝋch X thu đưᝣc lưᝣng muᝑi khan là bao nhiêu? ( 38,93g) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 9: Hòa tan háşżt máť™t lưᝣng Na vĂ o dung dáť‹ch HCl 10% thu đưᝣc 46,88 gam dung dáť‹ch A gáť“m NaCl, NaOH vĂ 1,568 lĂ­t (Ä‘ktc). HĂŁy tĂ­nh náť“ng Ä‘áť™ phần trăm NaCl vĂ NaOH trong dung dáť‹ch A (14,97%; 1,71%) ( trĂ­ch Ä‘áť thi vĂ o 10 chuyĂŞn hĂła THPT chuyĂŞn LĂŞ QuĂ˝ Ä?Ă´n- BĂŹnh Ä?áť‹nh năm 2016) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 10: Cho 7,8 gam háť—n hᝣp hai kim loấi lĂ R hĂła tráť‹ II vĂ Al tĂĄc d᝼ng váť›i dung dáť‹ch loĂŁng dĆ°. Khi phản ᝊng káşżt thĂşc thu đưᝣc dung dáť‹ch 2 muáť‘i vĂ 8,96 lĂ­t khĂ­ (Ä‘ktc) CHĆŻĆ NG 1: CĂ C LOáş I HᝢP CHẤT VĂ” CĆ

TRANG 21

L� THUYẞT VÀ BÀI TẏP NÂNG CAO HÓA 9 HK1

. a. Viáşżt PTHH xảy ra. b. TĂ?nh kháť‘i lưᝣng muáť‘i thu đưᝣc sau phản ᝊng vĂ tĂ­nh tháťƒ tĂ­ch dung dáť‹ch táť‘i thiáťƒu cần dĂšng.(0,2 lĂ­t, 46,2 gam) c. XĂĄc Ä‘inh R biáşżt ráşąng trong háť—n hᝣp ban đầu tᝉ lᝇ sáť‘ mol R: Al lầ 1:2 . ( Mg) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

Bà i 11. Cho 12,5 gam h᝗n hᝣp cåc kim loấi nhôm, đᝓng và magie tåc d᝼ng v᝛i HCl dư. Phản ᝊng xong thu đưᝣc 10,08 lít khí ( đktc) và 3,5 gam chẼt rắn không tan. Xåc đᝋnh khᝑi lưᝣng kim loấi trong h᝗n hᝣp đầu. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

CHĆŻĆ NG 1: CĂ C LOáş I HᝢP CHẤT VĂ” CĆ

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. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

Bà i 12. Cho m gam dung dᝋch x% tåc d᝼ng v᝛i m᝙t lưᝣng h᝗n hᝣp hai kim loấi K và Mg ( lẼy dư) . Sau khi phản ᝊng kết thúc, lưᝣng khí thu đưᝣc có giå trᝋ bẹng 0,05m gam.

TĂŹm giĂĄ tráť‹ cᝧa x. (Ä?s : 15,8%) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 13. Cho 19,2 gam háť—n hᝣp kim loấi Mg, Fe vĂ o 200 gam dung dáť‹ch 4,41% Ä‘áşżn khi phản ᝊn xảy ra hoĂ n toĂ n thu đưᝣc dung dáť‹ch X. a. Chᝊng minh háť—n hᝣp kim loấi phản ᝊng háşżt. b. Náşżu cho dung dáť‹ch NaOH dĆ° vĂ o dung dáť‹ch X Ä‘áşżn khi kĂŞt tᝧa thu đưᝣc cáťąc đấi, láť?c káşżt tᝧa Ä‘em nung trong khĂ´ng khĂ­ Ä‘áşżn khĂłi lwuongj khĂ´ng Ä‘áť•i thĂŹ thu đưᝣc 2,8 gam chẼt rắn Y. TĂ­nh kháť‘i lưᝣng máť—i kim loấi trong háť—n hᝣp ban đầu. (Ä?s : b. 37` = 2,4 ? 3 ; 3BC = 1,68 ? 3 ) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

CHĆŻĆ NG 1: CĂ C LOáş I HᝢP CHẤT VĂ” CĆ

TRANG 23

L� THUYẞT VÀ BÀI TẏP NÂNG CAO HÓA 9 HK1

. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 14. Hòa tan 7,5 gam háť—n hᝣp X gáť“m 2 kim loấi Mg vĂ Al trong 425ml dung dáť‹ch HCl 2M. Sau khi phản ᝊng hoĂ n toĂ n thu đưᝣc dung dáť‹ch Y vĂ khĂ­ Z. a. Chᝊng minh trong dung dáť‹ch Y axit vẍn còn dĆ°. b. Dẍn khĂ­ sinh ra qua áť‘ng Ä‘áťąng m gam CuO nĂłng dĆ° thĂŹ thẼy kháť‘i lưᝣng chẼt rắn thu đưᝣc lĂ (m-5,6) gam. TĂ­nh kháť‘i lưᝣng máť—i kim loấi trong háť—n hᝣp ban đầu. (Ä?s : 3k. = 2,7 ? 3, 37` = 4,8 ? 3 ) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 15. Cho 3,87 gam háť—n hᝣp A gáť“m Mg vĂ Al vĂ o 250 ml dung dáť‹ch X chᝊa 1) =Ă 0,5M, sau phản ᝊng thu Ä‘Ć°uáť?c dung dáť‹ch B vĂ 4,368 lĂ­t khĂ­ (Ä‘ktc). CĂĄc phản ᝊng xảy ra hoĂ n toĂ n. a. Chᝊng minh axit còn dĆ°. b. TĂ­nh % kháť‘i lưᝣng máť—i kim loấi trong háť—n hᝣp A. Ä?J: %37` = 37,21%; %3k. = 62,79%) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

CHĆŻĆ NG 1: CĂ C LOáş I HᝢP CHẤT VĂ” CĆ

TRANG 24

L� THUYẞT VÀ BÀI TẏP NÂNG CAO HÓA 9 HK1

. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 16. Cho 4,48 gam máť™t oxit kim loấi hĂła tráť‹ II tĂĄc d᝼ng háşżt váť›i 100ml dung dáť‹ch 0,8M. Ä?un nháşš hoĂ n toĂ n háť—n hᝣp sau phản ᝊng thu đưᝣc 13,76 gam tinh tháťƒ muáť‘i ngáş­m nĆ°áť›c.

Xåc đᝋnh công thᝊc phân t᝭ muᝑi ngậm nư᝛c và công thᝊc oxit nói trên. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 17. Hòa tan hoĂ n toĂ n 10 gam háť—n hᝣp báť™t Fe vĂ FeO báşąng 100ml dung dáť‹ch HCl vᝍa đᝧ thĂŹ thu đưᝣc 1,12 lĂ­t khĂ­ ( Ä‘ktc) vĂ dung dáť‹ch A. a. TĂ­nh thĂ nh phần phần trăm kháť‘i lưᝣng máť—i chẼt trong háť—n hᝣp. b. TĂ­nh náť“ng Ä‘áť™ mol dung dáť‹ch HCl Ä‘ĂŁ dĂšng. c. TĂ­nh kháť‘i lưᝣng muáť‘i thu đưᝣc trong dung dáť‹ch A. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

Dấng 4. Axit tåc d᝼ng v᝛i bazo Bà i 1. Cho 15,5 gam tåc d᝼ng v᝛i nư᝛c , thu đưᝣc 0,5 lít dung dᝋch bazo.

CHĆŻĆ NG 1: CĂ C LOáş I HᝢP CHẤT VĂ” CĆ

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L� THUYẞT VÀ BÀI TẏP NÂNG CAO HÓA 9 HK1

. a. Viáşżt phĆ°ĆĄng trĂŹnh hĂła háť?c vĂ tĂ­nh náť“ng Ä‘áť™ mol cᝧa dung dáť‹ch bazo thu đưᝣc. b. TĂ­nh tháťƒ tĂ­ch dung dáť‹ch 20%, cĂł kháť‘i lưᝣng riĂŞng 1,14 gam /ml cần dĂšng Ä‘áťƒ trung hòa lưᝣng bazo nĂłi trĂŞn. (Ä?s : a. 1M ; b. 53,73ml) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 2. Cho 400ml dung dáť‹ch HCl 0,5M tĂĄc d᝼ng váť›i 50gam dung dáť‹ch NaOH 40% sau phản ᝊng thu đưᝣc dung dáť‹ch A. a. Viáşżt phĆ°ĆĄng trĂŹnh hĂła háť?c. b. TĂ­nh náť“ng Ä‘áť™ mol/lĂ­t cac chẼt cĂł trong dung dáť‹ch A, giả thiáşżt ráşąng tháťƒ tĂ­ch dung dáť‹ch A lĂ 600ml. (Ä?s : 7 ST*0 = 0,5); 7 ST2. = 0,33)) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 3. Nung nĂłng 1,32a gam háť—n hᝣp )? , :; trong khĂ´ng khĂ­ Ä‘áşżn kháť‘i lưᝣng báşąng a gam. TĂ­nh % kháť‘i lưᝣng máť—i oxit tấo ra. (Ä?s : %37`* = 60%; %3BC1*U = 40%

................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

CHĆŻĆ NG 1: CĂ C LOáş I HᝢP CHẤT VĂ” CĆ

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L� THUYẞT VÀ BÀI TẏP NÂNG CAO HÓA 9 HK1

. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 4. Hòa tan máť™t oxit kim loấi hĂła tráť‹ III báşąng 400ml dd 0,2M. Sau phản ᝊng dung dáť‹ch lĂ m quáťł tĂ­m hĂła Ä‘áť? vĂ phải trung hòa báşąng 50 gam dung dáť‹ch nĆ°áť›c vĂ´i trong 1,48% ráť“i cĂ´ cấn nháş­n đưᝣc 6,48 gam muáť‘i nitrat khĂ´. TĂŹm cĂ´ng thᝊc oxi ban đầu vĂ kháť‘i lĆ°ĆĄng cᝧa nĂł. (Ä?s : :; ; 1,6 ? 3

................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 5. Trung hòa 200ml dd KOH 1M cần dᝍng V ml dung dáť‹ch 0,5M. TĂ­nh V ? (Ä?s : 200ml) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 6. Cần bao nhiĂŞu ml dung dáť‹ch KOH 1,5M Ä‘áťƒ trung hòa háşżt 300ml dung dáť‹ch A gáť“m 0,75) =Ă 1,5). (Ä?s : 600ml) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

CHĆŻĆ NG 1: CĂ C LOáş I HᝢP CHẤT VĂ” CĆ

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. ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 7. RĂłt háşżt 450 ml dung dáť‹ch NaOH 2M vĂ o 500ml dung dáť‹ch ta thu Ä‘Ć°uáť?c máť™t káşżt tᝧa, láť?c káşżt tᝧa nung Ä‘áşżn kháť‘i lưᝣng khĂ´ng Ä‘áť•i ta thu đưᝣc 5,1 gam chẼt rắn. TĂ­nh náť“ng Ä‘áť™ mol/ lĂ­t cᝧa dung dáť‹ch (Ä?s : 0,5M) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 8. HĂŁy xĂĄc Ä‘áť‹nh cĂ´ng thᝊc cᝧa máť™t oxit kim loấi hĂła tráť‹ III, Biáşżt ráşąng hòa tan 8 gam oxit báşąng 300ml loĂŁng 1M, sau phản ᝊng phải trung hòa lưᝣng axit còn dĆ° báşąng 50 gam dung dáť‹ch NaOH 24%. (Ä?s : :;

................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 9. Cho x lĂ­t dung dáť‹ch HCl 0,4M tĂĄc d᝼ng váť›i y lĂ­t dung dáť‹ch NaOH 0,6M thu Ä‘Ć°ucáť? 0,6 lĂ­t dung dáť‹ch A. Biáşżt rạng dung dáť‹ch A hòa tan vᝍa đᝧ 1,02 gam . TĂ­nh x vĂ y. (Ä?s : x=0,34 ; y= 0,26 hoạc x= 0,42 ; y= 0,18) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

CHĆŻĆ NG 1: CĂ C LOáş I HᝢP CHẤT VĂ” CĆ

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L� THUYẞT VÀ BÀI TẏP NÂNG CAO HÓA 9 HK1

. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 10.TĂ­nh náť“ng Ä‘áť™ mol/lĂ­t cᝧa vĂ NaOH biáşżt ráşąng : - 300ml dung dáť‹ch đưᝣc trung hòa háşżt báť&#x;i 200ml dung dáť‹ch NaOH vĂ 100ml dung dáť‹ch KOH 2M. - 300ml dung dáť‹ch NaOH đưᝣc trung hòa háşżt báť&#x;i 200ml dung dáť‹ch vĂ 25 ml dung dáť‹ch HCl 2M (Ä?s : 7 = 0,7); 7 = 1,1)

................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

CHĆŻĆ NG 1: CĂ C LOáş I HᝢP CHẤT VĂ” CĆ

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L� THUYẞT VÀ BÀI TẏP NÂNG CAO HÓA 9 HK1

.

Dấng 5 :Kim loấi + de fgh đạc / dogp BĂ i 1. Hòa tan hoĂ n toĂ n 17,9 gam háť—n hᝣp X gáť“m Fe, Al vĂ kim loấi M( hĂła tráť‹ II) trong máť™t lưᝣng dĆ° , Ä‘áşżn khi phản ᝊng xảy ra hoĂ n toĂ n thu đưᝣc dung dáť‹ch Y ( khĂ´ng chᝊa muáť‘i amoni) vĂ thoĂĄt ra V lĂ­t khĂ­ Z gáť“m NO vĂ . Biáşżt tᝉ kháť‘i Z so váť›i báşąng 19,8. CĂ´ cấn cẊn tháş­n dung dáť‹ch Y thu đưᝣc 73,7 gam muáť‘i khan. TĂ­nh V( Ä‘ktc) (Ä?s : 11,2 lĂ­t) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 2. Háť—n hᝣp X gáť“m Al, Fe, Cu. LẼy 3,31 gam X cho vĂ o dung dáť‹ch HCl dĆ°, thu đưᝣc 0,784 lĂ­t (Ä‘ktc). Mạt khĂĄc náşżu cho 3,31 gam X tĂĄc d᝼ng váť›i dung dáť‹ch đạc dĆ° Ä‘un nĂłng thu Ä‘Ć°uáť?c 10,51 gam háť—n hᝣp muáť‘i. Biáşżt cĂĄc phản ᝊng xảy ra hoĂ n toĂ n, tĂ­nh thĂ nh phần phần trăm váť kháť‘i lưᝣng cĂĄc chẼt cĂł trong X. CHĆŻĆ NG 1: CĂ C LOáş I HᝢP CHẤT VĂ” CĆ

TRANG 30

L� THUYẞT VÀ BÀI TẏP NÂNG CAO HÓA 9 HK1

. (Ä?s : %3k. = 8,16%, %3BC = 33,84%, %325 = 58%

................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 3. Cho 16 gam háť—n hᝣp X gáť“m Mg vĂ kim loấi M vĂ o dung dáť‹ch HCl dĆ°, sau khi phản ᝊng káşżt thĂşc thu đưᝣc 8,96 lĂ­t khĂ­ (Ä‘ktc). CŨng 16 gam háť—n hᝣp X trĂŞn hòa tan hoĂ n toĂ n trong dung dáť‹ch đạc nĂłng dĆ° thu đưᝣc dung dáť‹ch Y vĂ 11,2 lĂ­t ( Ä‘ktc, sản phẊm kháť­ duy nhẼt). Viáşżt cĂĄc phĆ°ĆĄng trĂŹnh hĂła háť?c vĂ xĂĄc Ä‘áť‹nh M (Ä?s : Cu) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

CHĆŻĆ NG 1: CĂ C LOáş I HᝢP CHẤT VĂ” CĆ

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L� THUYẞT VÀ BÀI TẏP NÂNG CAO HÓA 9 HK1

. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 4. Hòa tan 19,2 gam kim loấi Cu báşąng 40ml dung dáť‹ch 98% (d=1,84 gam/ml), sau phản ᝊng thu đưᝣc dung dáť‹ch A. Cho tᝍ tᝍ Ä‘áşżn háşżt 536 ml dung dáť‹ch @ 1M vĂ o dung dáť‹ch A, sau phản ᝊng thu đưᝣc m gam káşżt tᝧa.TĂŹm giĂĄ tráť‹ m ? (Ä?s : m náşąm trong khoảng : 130,988 gam Ä‘áşżn 142,038 gam) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

Bà i 5. Cho 32 gam dung dᝋch đᝓng (II) sunfat có nᝓng đ᝙ 10% tåc d᝼ng vᝍa đᝧ v᝛i dung dᝋch natri hidroxit có nᝓng đ᝙ 20%. a. Nêu hiᝇn tưᝣng và viết phưƥng trÏnh phản ᝊng.

CHĆŻĆ NG 1: CĂ C LOáş I HᝢP CHẤT VĂ” CĆ

TRANG 32

L� THUYẞT VÀ BÀI TẏP NÂNG CAO HÓA 9 HK1

. b. Tính khᝑi lưᝣng kết tᝧa thu đưᝣc . c. Tính khᝑi lưᝣng dung dᝋch NaOH đã dÚng.

Cho m gam h᝗n hᝣp b᝙t X gᝓm Zn và Fe và o m᝙t lưᝣng dư dung dᝋch , sau phản ᝊng l�c b� phần dung dᝋch , thu đưᝣc m gam b᝙t rắn.

Viáşżt cĂĄc phĆ°ĆĄng trĂŹnh hĂła háť?c xảy ra vĂ tĂ­nh thĂ nh phần phần trăm theo kháť‘i lưᝣng cᝧa Fe trong háť—n hᝣp X. Biáşżt cĂĄc phản ᝊng xảy ra hoĂ n toĂ n. (Ä?s : %3BC = 9,72% ; %3F = 90,28%

................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 6. Cho 5,6 gam Fe tĂĄc d᝼ng vᝍa đᝧ váť›i 500ml dung dáť‹ch . Sau phản ᝊng thu Ä‘Ć°uáť?c V lĂ­t háť—n hᝣp khĂ­ A gáť“m vĂ cĂł tᝉ kháť‘i so váť›i lĂ 22,25 vĂ dung dáť‹ch B. a. TĂ­nh V áť&#x; Ä‘ktc. b. TĂ­nh náť“ng Ä‘áť™ mol/ lĂ­t cᝧa dung dáť‹ch . (Ä?s : a. 1,0752 lĂ­t ; b. 0,288M) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

CHĆŻĆ NG 1: CĂ C LOáş I HᝢP CHẤT VĂ” CĆ

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L� THUYẞT VÀ BÀI TẏP NÂNG CAO HÓA 9 HK1

. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 7. Cho 5,2 gam kim loấi M tĂĄc d᝼ng háşżt váť›i dung dáť‹ch dĆ° thu Ä‘Ć°uáť?c 1,008 lĂ­t háť—n hᝣp 2 khĂ­ =Ă ( Ä‘ktc, khĂ´ng còn sản phẊm kháť­ nĂ o khĂĄc). Sau phản ᝊng kháť‘i lưᝣng dung dáť‹ch tăng thĂŞm 3,78 gam. Viáşżt cĂĄc phĆ°ĆĄng trĂŹnh phản ᝊng vĂ tĂŹm kim loấi M. (Ä?s : Zn) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

CHĆŻĆ NG 1: CĂ C LOáş I HᝢP CHẤT VĂ” CĆ

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L� THUYẞT VÀ BÀI TẏP NÂNG CAO HÓA 9 HK1

. ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

Bà i 8. Chi m ga h᝗n hᝣp Al và Cu thà nh 2 phần : - Phần 1 tåc d᝼ng v᝛i dung dᝋch loãng dư thu đưᝣc 0,3 mol .

- Phần 2 nạng hƥn phần 1 là 23,6 gam, tåc d᝼ng v᝛i dung dᝋch đạc nóng dư , thu đưᝣc 1,2 mol . Biết cåc phản ᝊng xảy ra hoà n toà n.

Viáşżt phĆ°ĆĄng trĂŹnh phản ᝊng vĂ tĂ­nh m. (Ä?s : 78,8 gam ) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 9. Cho 16 gam háť—n hᝣp X chĆ°a Mg vĂ kim loấi M vĂ o dung dáť‹ch HCl dĆ°, sau khi phản ᝊng xảy ra hoĂ n toĂ n thĂŹ thu đưᝣc 8,96 lĂ­t khĂ­ (Ä‘ktc). CĹŠng 16 gam háť—n hᝣp X trĂŞn hòa tan trong dung dáť‹ch đạc nĂłng thĂŹ thu đưᝣc dung dáť‹ch Y vĂ 11,2 lĂ­t khĂ­ ( Ä‘ktc, sản phẊm kháť­ duy nhẼt). Viáşżt phĆ°ĆĄng trĂŹnh hĂła háť?c xảy ra vĂ xĂĄc Ä‘áť‹nh M. (Ä?s :Cu hoạc Fe) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

CHĆŻĆ NG 1: CĂ C LOáş I HᝢP CHẤT VĂ” CĆ

TRANG 35

L� THUYẞT VÀ BÀI TẏP NÂNG CAO HÓA 9 HK1

. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 10. Hòa tan hoĂ n toĂ n 17,9 Dấng 6 : Axit + muáť‘i BĂ i 1. Hòa tan hoĂ n toĂ n muáť‘i ) báşąng 1 lưᝣng vᝍa đᝧ dung dáť‹ch 12,25% thu đưᝣc dung dáť‹ch ) 17,431%. a. XĂĄc Ä‘áť‹nh kim loấi M. b. LĂ m bay hĆĄi 104,64 gam dung idchj muáť‘i nĂłi trĂŞn thu Ä‘Ć°uáť?c 33,36 gam tinh tháťƒ hidrat. HĂŁy xĂĄc Ä‘áť‹nh cĂ´ng thᝊc tinh tháťƒ hidrat nĂ y. (Ä?s : a. Fe ; b. :; . 7 ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 2. Nhiᝇt phân hoĂ n toĂ n 10 gam háť—n hᝣp )? , , @ thu Ä‘Ć°uáť?c khĂ­ B.mCho khĂ­ B hẼp th᝼ háşżt vĂ o nĆ°áť›c vĂ´i trong thu đưᝣc 5 gam káşżt tᝧa vĂ dung dáť‹ch C. Ä?un nĂłng dung

CHĆŻĆ NG 1: CĂ C LOáş I HᝢP CHẤT VĂ” CĆ

TRANG 36

L� THUYẞT VÀ BÀI TẏP NÂNG CAO HÓA 9 HK1

. dáť‹ch C táť›i phản ᝊng hoĂ n toĂ n thẼy tấo thĂŞm 3 gam káşżt tᝧa. Háť?i % kháť‘i lưᝣng cᝧa )? náşąm trong khoảng nĂ o ? (Ä?s : tᝍ 52,5% Ä‘áşżn 86,75%) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 3. Hòa tan hoĂ n toĂ n 23,8 gam háť—n hᝣp cĂĄc muáť‘i cacbonat cᝧa ba kim loấi hĂła tráť‹ khĂ´ng Ä‘áť•i trong dung dáť‹ch HCl. Sau phản ᝊng thu đưᝣc 4,48 lĂ­t khĂ­ (Ä‘ktc). Ä?em cĂ´ cấn dung dáť‹ch thu đưᝣc bao nhiĂŞu gam muáť‘i khan? (Ä?s: 26 gam ) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 4. Hòa tan hoĂ n toĂ n 2,84 gam háť—n hᝣp hai muáť‘i cacbonat cᝧa hai kim loấi phân nhĂłm IIA vĂ thuáť™c hai chu káťł liĂŞn tiáşżp trong bảng tuần hoĂ n báşąng dung dáť‹ch HCl ta thu đưᝣc dung dáť‹ch X vĂ 672 ml CO2 (áť&#x; Ä‘ktc). XĂĄc Ä‘áť‹nh tĂŞn cĂĄc kim loấi.

CHĆŻĆ NG 1: CĂ C LOáş I HᝢP CHẤT VĂ” CĆ

TRANG 37

L� THUYẞT VÀ BÀI TẏP NÂNG CAO HÓA 9 HK1

. (Ä?s: Mg, Ca) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 5. Hòa tan hoĂ n toĂ n 23,8 gam háť—n hᝣp máť™t muáť‘i cacbonat cᝧa kim loấi hĂła tráť‹ (I) vĂ máť™t muáť‘i cacbonat cᝧa kim loấi hĂła tráť‹ (II) báşąng dung dáť‹ch HCl thẼy thoĂĄt ra 4,48 lĂ­t khĂ­ CO2 (Ä‘ktc). CĂ´ cấn dung dáť‹ch thu đưᝣc sau phản ᝊng thĂŹ kháť‘i lưᝣng muáť‘i khan thu đưᝣc lĂ bao nhiĂŞu? (Ä?s: 26 gam ) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

LĂ­ thuyáşżt : BAZO

I. Tính chẼt hóa h�c 1. Là m : - Quᝳ tím hóa xanh.

- Phenolphtalein hĂła háť“ng.

2. TĂĄc d᝼ng váť›i oxit axit Vd : + CHĆŻĆ NG 1: CĂ C LOáş I HᝢP CHẤT VĂ” CĆ

TRANG 38

L� THUYẞT VÀ BÀI TẏP NÂNG CAO HÓA 9 HK1

.

2 + + 3. Tåc d᝼ng v᝛i axit Vd : :; + :; + 2 4. Bazo không tan bᝋ nhiᝇt phân : q

Vd. 2:; → :; + 3 Bà i tập

Dấng 7 Lí thuyết : MU�I

I. TĂ­nh chẼt hĂła háť?c 1. TĂĄch d᝼ng váť›i kim loấi. Ä?K : Kim loấi đᝊng trĆ°áť›c đẊy kim loấi đᝊng sau ra kháť?i muáť‘i.

Vd : :; + :; + ► Lưu ý : m᝙t sᝑ kim loấi tåc d᝼ng v᝛i nư᝛c trư᝛c khi tåc d᝼ng v᝛i muᝑi r

Vd : + +

2 + + 2. TĂĄc d᝼ng váť›i axit - Ä?k : + Muáť‘i tấo thĂ nh khĂ´ng tan trong axit máť›i + Axit tấo thĂ nh phải yáşżu hĆĄn hoạc dáť… bay hĆĄi axit tham gia phản ᝊng.

Vd. @ + @ + 2 3. TĂĄc d᝼ng váť›i kiáť m Ä?k : Sản phẊm cĂł káşżt tᝧa.

Vd. + :; 3 + :;

CHĆŻĆ NG 1: CĂ C LOáş I HᝢP CHẤT VĂ” CĆ

TRANG 39

L├Ю THUYр║ЙT V├ђ B├ђI Tр║гP N├ѓNG CAO H├ЊA 9 HK1

.

4. T├Аc dр╗Цng vр╗Џi muр╗Љi ─љk : Sр║Бn phр║Еm c├│ kр║┐t tр╗Дa Vd. + + 2 5. Ph├бn hр╗Дy q

Vd. Рєњ + q

V Рєњ V + ┬й B├аi tр║Гp

Dр║Аng : Muр╗Љi + Kim loр║Аi Lк░u ├й:

C├Аc kim loр║Аi phр║Бn р╗Еng vр╗Џi nк░р╗Џc trк░р╗Џc: Na, K, Ca, Ba. Ban ─Љр║Дu: KL + Kiр╗Ђm + Sau ─Љ├│ : Kiр╗Ђm + Muр╗Љi Sр║Бn phр║Еm C├Аc kim loр║Аi kh├Аc: Kim loiaj ─Љр╗Еng trк░р╗Џc ─Љр║Еy kim loр║Аi ─Љр╗Еng sau khр╗Јi dung dр╗Іch muр╗Љi.

T─Ѓng giр║Бm khр╗Љi lк░р╗Бng: 3tt `,р║Б4 = 3u. c─Ѓ ? = 3u. W├А3 =├аs Рѕњ 3u. tan {

3tt ─Ѓ ` = 3u. ?|р║Б3 = 3u. c 3 { Рѕњ 3u. W├А3 =├аs

─љр║иc biр╗Єt: :; + 2:; 3:;

+ 2:;

2:; B├аi 1. Cho m gam bр╗Ўt Cu 500ml dung dр╗Іch ? 0,32M ; sau khi phр║Бn р╗Еng xр║Бy ra ho├аn v├аo

to├аn , thu ─Љк░р╗Бc 12,96 gam chр║Цt rр║»n A v├а dung dр╗Іch B. X├Аc ─Љр╗Іnh th├аnh phр║Дn cр╗Дa A,B v├а t├Гnh gi├А trр╗І cр╗Дa m. (─љs : trong B chр╗Еa 0,06 mol ; 0,04 3s ? ) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

CHк»каNG 1: C├ЂC LOр║аI Hр╗бP CHр║цT V├ћ Cка

TRANG 40

L� THUYẞT VÀ BÀI TẏP NÂNG CAO HÓA 9 HK1

. ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 2. Cho m gam háť—n hᝣp Na, K vĂ o dung dáť‹ch chᝊa muáť‘i thu đưᝣc dung dáť‹ch vẍn còn mĂ u xanh, 3,36 lĂ­t khĂ­ ( Ä‘ktc) vĂ chẼt rắn B khĂ´ng tan, Láť?c lẼy chẼt rắn, Ä‘em nung trong khĂ´ng khĂ­ Ä‘áşżn kháť‘i lưᝣng khĂ´ng Ä‘áť•i thĂŹ thu đưᝣc m gam chẼt rắn C. TĂ­nh giĂĄ tráť‹ cᝧa m. (Ä?s : 12 gam ) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

Bà i 3. Cho m gam Zn và o dung dᝋch chᝊa 0,1 mol ? và 0,15 mol , sau m᝙t th�i gian thu đưᝣc 26,9 gam kết tᝧa và dung dᝋch X chᝊa 2 muᝑi. L�c kết tᝧa, thêm tiếp 5,6 gam b᝙t sắt và o dung dᝋch X, sau khi cåc phản ᝊng xảy ra hoà n toà n thu đưᝣc 6 gam kết tᝧa.

TĂŹm giĂĄ tráť‹ cᝧa m. ( trĂ­ch Ä‘áť thi HSG thĂ nh pháť‘ hĂ Náť™i năm 2018) (Ä?s : 19,45 gam) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

CHĆŻĆ NG 1: CĂ C LOáş I HᝢP CHẤT VĂ” CĆ

TRANG 41

L� THUYẞT VÀ BÀI TẏP NÂNG CAO HÓA 9 HK1

. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 4. Cho 200ml dung dáť‹ch háť—n hᝣp ? 0,1M vĂ 0,5m. ThĂŞm 2,24 gam báť™t sắt kim loấi vòa dung dáť‹ch Ä‘Ăł. KhuẼy Ä‘áť u Ä‘áşżn khi phản ᝊng xảy ra hoĂ n toĂ n thu đưᝣc chẼt rắn A vĂ dung dáť‹ch B. a. TĂ­nh sáť‘ gam chẼt rắn A. b. TĂ­nh náť“ng Ä‘áť™ mol/ lĂ­t cᝧa cĂĄc muáť‘i trong dung dáť‹ch B, biáşżt ráşąng tháťƒ tĂ­ch dung dáť‹ch coi nhĆ° khĂ´ng Ä‘áť•i. c. Hòa tan chẼt rắn A báşąng axit đạc thĂŹ cĂł bao nhiĂŞu lĂ­t khĂ­ mĂ u nâu thoĂĄt ra. (Ä?s : a. 4,08 gam ; b. 7 :; = 0,2); 7 = 0,35) ; l. HS*U = 1,792 Ă­c

................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

CHĆŻĆ NG 1: CĂ C LOáş I HᝢP CHẤT VĂ” CĆ

TRANG 42

LÝ THUYẾT VÀ BÀI TẬP NÂNG CAO HÓA 9 HK1

. ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

Bài 5. Ngâm một vật bằng đồng có khối lượng 15 gam trong 340 gam dung dịch AgNO3 6%.

Sau một thời gian lấy vật ra thấy khối lượng AgNO3 trong dung dịch giảm 25%. Khối lượng của vật sau phản ứng là (Đs : 17,28 gam ) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

Bài 6. : Nhúng thanh kim loại M hóa trị 2 vào V lít dung dịch CuSO4 1,0M, sau khi phản ứng hoàn toàn lấy thanh kim loại ra thấy khối lượng giảm 0,05%. Nếu nhúng thanh kim loại trên vào V lít dung dịch Pb(NO3)2 1,0M; sau khi phản ứng hoàn toàn thấy khối lượng tăng 7,1%.

Kim loại M là (Đs: Zn) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

Bài 7. Hòa tan 3,28 gam hỗn hợp muối MgCl2 và Cu(NO3)2 vào nước được dung dịch A. Nhúng vào dung dịch A một thanh sắt. Sau một khoảng thời gian lấy thanh sắt ra cân lại thấy tăng thêm 0,8 gam. Cô cạn dung dịch sau phản ứng thu được m gam muối khan. Giá trị m là (Đs: 2,48 gam ) ...................................................................................................................................................

CHƯƠNG 1: CÁC LOẠI HỢP CHẤT VÔ CƠ

TRANG 43

L� THUYẞT VÀ BÀI TẏP NÂNG CAO HÓA 9 HK1

. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 8. Ngâm máť™t lĂĄ sắt trong dung dáť‹ch CuSO4. Náşżu biáşżt kháť‘i lưᝣng Ä‘áť“ng bĂĄm trĂŞn lĂĄ sắt lĂ 9,6 gam thĂŹ kháť‘i lưᝣng lĂĄ sắt sau ngâm tăng thĂŞm bao nhiĂŞu gam so váť›i ban đầu? (Ä?s: 2,8 gam ) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 9. Ngâm máť™t thanh Ä‘áť“ng cĂł kháť‘i lưᝣng 140,8 gam vĂ o dung dáť‹ch AgNO3 máť™t tháť?i gian lẼy thanh Ä‘áť“ng Ä‘em cân lấi thẼy nạng 171,2 gam. Kháť‘i lưᝣng bấc bĂĄm trĂŞn thanh Ä‘áť“ng sau phản ᝊng lĂ (Ä?s: 43,2 gam ) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 10. NhĂşng thanh kim loấi A hĂła tráť‹ II vĂ o dung áť‹ch . Sau máť™t tháť?i gian lẼy kim loấi ra thẼy kháť‘i lưᝣng kim loấi giảm 0,05%. Mạt khĂĄc cĹŠng lẼy thanh kim loấi nhĆ° trĂŞn nhĂşng vĂ o dung dáť‹ch !W thĂŹ thẼy kháť‘i lưᝣng thanh kim loấi tăng lĂŞn 7,1%. XĂĄc Ä‘áť‹nh tĂŞn kim loấi A. Biáşżt rạng sáť‘ mol vĂ !W tham gia áť&#x; hai trĆ°áť?ng hᝣp trĂŞn báşąng nhau. (Ä?s : Zn) ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

CHĆŻĆ NG 1: CĂ C LOáş I HᝢP CHẤT VĂ” CĆ

TRANG 44

L� THUYẞT VÀ BÀI TẏP NÂNG CAO HÓA 9 HK1

. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

Bà i 11. Cho m gam h᝗n hᝣp b᝙t X gᝓm Zn và Fe và o m᝙t lưᝣng dư dung dᝋch , sau phản ᝊng l�c b� phần dung dᝋch , thu đưᝣc m gam b᝙t rắn.

Viáşżt cĂĄc phĆ°ĆĄng trĂŹnh hĂła háť?c xảy ra vĂ tĂ­nh thĂ nh phần phần trăm theo kháť‘i lưᝣng cᝧa Fe trong háť—n hᝣp X. Biáşżt cĂĄc phản ᝊng xảy ra hoĂ n toĂ n. (Ä?s : %3BC = 9,72% ; %3F = 90,28%

................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

Dấng : Nhiᝇt phân muᝑi Nhiᝇt phân muᝑi nitrat( chᝊa gᝑc ):

đᝊ ? c{ư᝛l )? : +

âˆś cᝍ )?−→ : + + cᝍ J : + + Nhiᝇt phân muáť‘i cacbonat ( chᝊa gáť‘c ) :

ƒMĂ´ ? …ả† { =áť›| ƒ|3 sấ| ƒ|áť 3 , V ‌

c{ư᝛l : +

J : + + CHĆŻĆ NG 1: CĂ C LOáş I HᝢP CHẤT VĂ” CĆ Nhiᝇt phân muáť‘i axit cacbonat ( chᝊa gáť‘c: :

TRANG 45

L� THUYẞT VÀ BÀI TẏP NÂNG CAO HÓA 9 HK1

.

BĂ i 1. Nhiᝇt phân a gam sau máť™t tháť?i gian dᝍng lấi lĂ m nguáť™i vĂ Ä‘en cân thẼy kháť‘i lưᝣng giảm Ä‘i 3,24 gam ( hiᝇu suẼt phản ᝊng đất 60%). TĂ­nh giĂĄ tráť‹ cᝧa a ? (Ä?s : 9,45 gam ) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 2. Nhiᝇt phân hoĂ n toĂ n 10 gam háť—n hᝣp )? ; ; @ thu đưᝣc khĂ­ B. Cho khĂ­ B hẼp th᝼ háşżt vĂ o nĆ°áť›c vĂ´i trong đưᝣc 5 gam káşżt tᝧa vĂ dung dáť‹ch C. Ä?un nĂłng dung dáť‹ch C táť›i phản ᝊng hoĂ n toĂ n thu đưᝣc thĂŞm 3 gam káşżt tᝧa. Háť?i % kháť‘i wluowngj cᝧa )? náşąm trong khoảng bao nhiĂŞu ? ( Ä?s : náşąm trong khoảng : 52,5 % Ä‘áşżn 86,75%) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

CHĆŻĆ NG 1: CĂ C LOáş I HᝢP CHẤT VĂ” CĆ

TRANG 46

L� THUYẞT VÀ BÀI TẏP NÂNG CAO HÓA 9 HK1

.

BĂ i 3.

Muᝑi tåc d᝼ng v᝛i axit

BĂ i 1. Hòa tan máť™t lưᝣng muáť‘i cacbonat cᝧa kim loấi hĂła tráť‹ II trong máť™t lưᝣng vᝍa đᝧ dung dáť‹ch 20% thu đưᝣc máť™t muáť‘i cĂł náť“ng Ä‘áť™ 28,196%. TĂŹm cĂ´ng thᝊc hĂła háť?c cᝧa muáť‘i cacbonat trĂŞn (Ä?s : ) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 2. Cho 500ml dung dáť‹ch HCl 1,5M tĂĄc d᝼ng váť›i dung dáť‹ch 10%. a. TĂ­nh tháťƒ tĂ­ch khĂ­ sinh ra áť&#x; Ä‘ktc. b. TĂ­nh kháť‘i lưᝣng dung dáť‹ch Ä‘ĂŁ dĂšng. c. Dẍn khĂ­ thoĂĄt ra áť&#x; trĂŞn vĂ o áť‘ng nghiᝇm chᝊa dung dáť‹ch dĆ° thĂŹ thu đưᝣc chẼt rắn mĂ u trắng. TĂ­nh kháť‘i lưᝣng káşżt tᝧa thu đưᝣc.

Cho m gam h᝗n hᝣp b᝙t X gᝓm Zn và Fe và o m᝙t lưᝣng dư dung dᝋch , sau phản ᝊng l�c b� phần dung dᝋch , thu đưᝣc m gam b᝙t rắn.

Viáşżt cĂĄc phĆ°ĆĄng trĂŹnh hĂła háť?c xảy ra vĂ tĂ­nh thĂ nh phần phần trăm theo kháť‘i lưᝣng cᝧa Fe trong háť—n hᝣp X. Biáşżt cĂĄc phản ᝊng xảy ra hoĂ n toĂ n. (Ä?s : %3BC = 9,72% ; %3F = 90,28%

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CHĆŻĆ NG 1: CĂ C LOáş I HᝢP CHẤT VĂ” CĆ

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L� THUYẞT VÀ BÀI TẏP NÂNG CAO HÓA 9 HK1

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Dấng muᝑi ngậm nư᝛c - S᝭ d᝼ng đᝋnh luật bảo toà n khᝑi lưᝣng :

3tt ấ$ ‰à ‰ = 3 , ‰ Â‰áťƒ + 3tt ‹T đầ5 3Â?‰Ẽ Â?Â?‘ Â’$ ` t5 ` táť‹Â?‰ ấ$ ‰à ‰ = 3Â?‰Ẽ Â?Â?‘ Â’$ ` , ‰ Â‰áťƒ + 3Â?‰Ẽ Â?Â?‘ Â’$ ` t5 ` táť‹Â?‰ ‹T đầ5 BĂ i toĂĄn dấng 1: Káşżt tinh khĂ´ng ngáş­m nĆ°áť›c - BĆ°áť›c 1. TĂ­nh 3Â?‰Ẽ T trong dung dáť‹ch bĂŁo hòa áť&#x; nhiᝇt Ä‘áť™ cao.

- BĆ°áť›c 2. TĂ­nh 3Â?‰Ẽ T trong dung dáť‹ch bĂŁo hòa áť&#x; nhiᝇt Ä‘áť™ thẼp.

- BĆ°áť›c 3. TĂ­nh lưᝣng káşżt tinh 3-áşż , ‰ = 3Â?‰Ẽ Â?Â?‘ áť&#x; ‰,ᝇ Ä‘áť™ Â?T$ − 3Â?‰Ẽ Â?Â?‘ áť&#x; ‰,ᝇ Ä‘áť™ Â‰áşĽÂ˜ BĂ i toĂĄn dấng 2: Káşżt tinh cĂł ngáş­m nĆ°áť›c - BĆ°áť›c 1. TĂ­nh 3Â?‰Ẽ T vĂ 301 * trong dung dáť‹ch bĂŁo hòa áť&#x; nhiᝇt Ä‘áť™ cao.

- BĆ°áť›c 2. Ä?ạt sáť‘ mol cᝧa hidrat báť‹ káşżt tinh lĂ a mol tᝍ Ä‘Ăł tĂ­nh 3Â?‰Ẽ Â?Â?‘ -áşż , ‰ vĂ 301 * -áşż , ‰ - BĆ°áť›c 3. Láş­p phĆ°ĆĄng trĂŹnh Ä‘áť™ tan áť&#x; nhiᝇt Ä‘áť™ lĂşc sau =

™3Â?‰Ẽ T 3Â? áť&#x; qÂ?T$ − 3Â? -áşż , ‰ Â…100 = Â… 100 ™301 * 301 * áť&#x; qÂ?T$ − 301* -áşż , ‰

- Bư᝛c 4. Giải phưƥng trÏnh và kết luận.

BĂ i 1. DĂšng máť™t lưᝣng dung dáť‹ch 10% Ä‘un nĂłng Ä‘áťƒ hòa tan vĂša đᝧ 0,4 mol CuO. Sau phản ᝊng , lĂ m nguáť™i dung dáť‹ch. Kháť‘i lưᝣng . 5 tĂĄch ra kháť?i dung dáť‹ch lĂ 30 gam.

TĂ­nh Ä‘áť™ tan cᝧa trong Ä‘iáť u kiᝇn thĂ­ nghiᝇm trĂŞn. (Ä?s : 12,83) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

CHĆŻĆ NG 1: CĂ C LOáş I HᝢP CHẤT VĂ” CĆ

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BĂ i 2. CĂł 166,5 gam dung dáť‹ch ) 41,562% áť&#x; 100& . Hấ nhiᝇt Ä‘áť™ xuáť‘ng 20& thĂŹ thẼy cĂł 3r gam ) . 5 káşżt tinh vĂ còn lấi 3 gam dung dáť‹ch X. Biáşżt 3r − 3 = 6,5 gam vĂ Ä‘áť™ tan S cᝧa ) áť&#x; 20& lĂ 20.92. XĂĄc Ä‘áť‹nh cĂ´ng thᝊc cᝧa muáť‘i ) (Ä?s : ) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 3. Hòa tan 5,72 gam . Â… trong 44,28 gam nĆ°áť›c ta thu Ä‘Ć°uáť?c dung dáť‹ch cĂł náť“ng Ä‘áť™ 4,24%. XĂĄc Ä‘áť‹nh cĂ´ng thᝊc cᝧa hidrat. (Ä?s : . 10 ) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

CHĆŻĆ NG 1: CĂ C LOáş I HᝢP CHẤT VĂ” CĆ

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BĂ i 4. Cho 14,3 gam hᝣp chẼt natri cacbonat ngáş­m nĆ°áť›c ( . Â… ) Ä‘un nĂłng Ä‘áťƒ kháť­ nĆ°áť›c. Káşżt quả cho thẼy muáť‘i mẼt nĆ°áť›c nháşš hĆĄn kháť‘i lưᝣng ban đầu lĂ 9 gam. XĂĄc xĂĄc Ä‘áť‹nh cĂ´ng thᝊc cᝧa muáť‘i ngáş­m nĆ°áť›c. (Ä?s : . 4 ) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 5. Cần lẼy bao nhiĂŞu gam tinh tháťƒ . 5 vĂ bao nhiĂŞu gam dung dáť‹ch 8% Ä‘áťƒ Ä‘iáť u cháşż 280 gam dung dáť‹ch 16%. (Ä?s : 40 gam vĂ 240 gam ) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 6. Cho máť™t lưᝣng tinh tháťƒ muáť‘i . 5 vĂ o máť™t lưᝣng dung dáť‹ch x% thu đưᝣc dung dáť‹ch 30% vĂ 10%. TĂ­nh x.

CHĆŻĆ NG 1: CĂ C LOáş I HᝢP CHẤT VĂ” CĆ

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. (Đs : 18,82%) ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

Bài 7.

Dạng hoàn thành sơ đồ chuyển hóa.

Bài 1. Viết phương trình hóa học theo sơ đồ chuyển hóa sau : a. A → → B → → → D → E →

................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... b. :; ↔ A → E → :; B ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

CHƯƠNG 1: CÁC LOẠI HỢP CHẤT VÔ CƠ

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L├Ю THUYр║ЙT V├ђ B├ђI Tр║гP N├ѓNG CAO H├ЊA 9 HK1

. c.

D Рєњ

A Рєњ Рєћ Рєњ

B ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... d. :; Рєћ :; Рєњ :; Рєњ :; :;

................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... e.

ADG

┬Џ ┬Џ ┬Џ ┬Џ BEF ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... f. Рєњ Рєњ Рєњ S Рєњ Рєњ Рєњ Рєњ Рєњ @

CHк»каNG 1: C├ЂC LOр║аI Hр╗бP CHр║цT V├ћ Cка

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BĂ i 2. CĂł nhᝯng chẼt : ; , , , , , , . a. Dáťąa vĂ o máť‘i quan hᝇ giᝯa cĂĄc chẼt, hĂŁy sắp xáşżp cĂĄc chẼt trĂŞn thĂ nh máť™t sĆĄ Ä‘áť“ chuyáťƒn hĂła khĂ´ng nhĂĄnh. b. Viáşżt phĆ°ĆĄng trĂŹnh hĂła háť?c cĂĄc sĆĄ Ä‘áť“ trĂŞn. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 3. Viáşżt cĂĄc phĆ°ĆĄng trĂŹnh tháťąc hiᝇn cĂĄc chuyáťƒn hĂła sau : r

#

Â?

› → X → › œ → › → › → › → X ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 4. Viáşżt phĆ°ĆĄng trĂŹnh hĂła háť?c biáťƒu diáť…n chuáť—i biáşżn hĂła sau : :; → :;

CHĆŻĆ NG 1: CĂ C LOáş I HᝢP CHẤT VĂ” CĆ

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L� THUYẞT VÀ BÀI TẏP NÂNG CAO HÓA 9 HK1

. :; → :; → :; → :; → :; → :;

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Dấng tåch chẼt :

Bà i 1. Có h᝗n hᝣp Cu, Fe, Zn . Hãy tåch riêng Cu ra kh�i h᝗n hᝣp. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

Bà i 2. B᝙t kim loấi sắt có lẍn nhᝑm. Hẍy nêu phưƥng phåp là m sấch sắt. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

Bai3. CĂł háť—n hᝣp khĂ­ vĂ . LĂ m tháşż nĂ o Ä‘áťƒ thu đưᝣc khĂ­ tᝍ háť—n hᝣp trĂŞn. TrĂŹnh bĂ y cĂĄch lĂ m vĂ viáşżt phĆ°ĆĄng trĂŹnh hĂła háť?c. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 4. LĂ m tháşż nĂ o Ä‘áťƒ tĂĄch cĂĄc chẼt sau đây ra kháť?i háť—n hᝣp : a. Dầu háť?a ra kháť?i háť—n hᝣp váť›i nĆ°áť›c. b. Muáť‘i ăn ra kháť?i háť—n hᝣp váť›i dầu háť?a. c. Muáť‘i ăn ra kháť?i háť—n hᝣp váť›i cĂĄt. d. Ä?Ć°áť?ng kĂ­nh ra kháť?i háť—n hᝣp váť›i cĂĄt.

CHĆŻĆ NG 1: CĂ C LOáş I HᝢP CHẤT VĂ” CĆ

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Bà i 5. Hãy viết phưƥng trÏnh hóa h�c cᝧa cåc phản ᝊng sau : (1) + → (A)

(2) (A) + NaOH → (B)

q

(3) (B) → (C) + (A) + q

q

(4) (D) → (E ) + (A) q

(5) (E) + | → (G)

(6) (C ) + | → (H) + (A) q

(7) (C ) + ! → (D) + !

(8) (C ) + (I) NaCl + (A) +

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Dấng điᝠu chế :

Bà i 1. Tᝍ m᝗i chẼt :)?, )? , )? , )? và dung dᝋch loãng , hãy viết cåc phưƥng trÏnh hóa h�c điᝠu chế magie sunfat. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 2. Nhᝯng oxit nĂ o dĆ°áť›i đây cĂł tháťƒ đưᝣc Ä‘iáť u cháşż : , , , ! # , :; , a. Chᝉ báşąng phản ᝊng hĂła hᝣp. Viáşżt phĆ°ĆĄng trĂŹnh hĂła háť?c. b. Báşąng cả phản ᝊng hĂła hᝣp vĂ phản ᝊng phân hᝧy ? Viáşżt phĆ°ĆĄng trĂŹnh hĂła háť?c. ...................................................................................................................................................

CHĆŻĆ NG 1: CĂ C LOáş I HᝢP CHẤT VĂ” CĆ

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. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

BĂ i 3. Tᝍ cĂĄc chẼt sau : , ) , đạc vĂ nĆ°áť›c cĂł tháťƒ Ä‘iáť u chĂŠ Ä‘Ć°uáť?c bao nhiĂŞu chẼt khĂ­ ? Viáşżt phĆ°ĆĄng trĂŹnh hĂła háť?c. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

Bà i 4. Tᝍ nhᝯng chẼt có sẾn , , và cåc dung dᝋch , :; . Hãy viết phưƥng trÏnh hóa h�c điᝠu chế : a. Cåc dung dᝋch bazo tan. b. Cåc bazo không tan. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

Bà i 5. X, Y, Z lần lưᝣt là cåc muᝑi cᝧa cåc kim loiaj natri, kali, bari th�a mãn cåc điᝠu kiᝇn sau : X + Y có chẼt khí A

Y + Z có chẼt kết tᝧa B

Z + X có chẼt khí A và có chẼt kết tᝧa C Biết khí A có phản ᝊng là m mẼt mà u dung dᝋch Brom và kết tᝧa C không tan trong dung dᝋch HCl . Ch�n cåc muᝑi X, Y, Z phÚ hᝣp và viết phưƥng trÏnh phản ᝊng hóa h�c minh h�a. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................

CHĆŻĆ NG 1: CĂ C LOáş I HᝢP CHẤT VĂ” CĆ

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.

CHƯƠNG 1: CÁC LOẠI HỢP CHẤT VÔ CƠ

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