A. attitude B. wisdom C. determine D. unwise

B. It is better to revise a hypothesis than to reject it. C. Theories are simply imaginary models of past events. D. A scientist's most difficult task is testing hypotheses. FURTHER PRACTICE 2 Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 5. A large majority of Americans believe that social media companies favor some news organizations over others. About eight-in-ten U.S. adults say social media sites treat some news organizations differently than others, about five times the share saying all news organizations are treated the same. Social media companies do have established policies (1) ______ it comes to publishers, including prioritizing certain news sources, banning or limiting others that produce lower-quality content, and using their monetization policies to discourage particular behaviors. Among those U.S. adults (2) ______ say social media companies treat some news organizations differently than others, there is broad agreement that they (3) ______ three types: those that produce attention-grabbing articles, those with a high number of social media followers and those whose coverage has a certain political stance. While large social media companies have announced (4) ______ to favor high-quality news publishers in an effort to improve the news on their sites, (5) ______ who say some news organizations are treated differently believe social media companies favor organizations that are well-established, have high reporting standards or have politically neutral coverage.

(Adapted from https://www.journalism.org/) 1. A. despite B. when C. during D. since 2. A. who B. why C. whom D. when 3. A. appear B. obtain C. accept D. favor 4. A. intentions B. conclusions C. initiatives D. signatures 5. A. fewer B. most C. more D. a lot of

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 6 to 10.

One way of training for your future occupation in Germany is by pursuing a dual vocational training programme. Such programmes offer plenty of opportunities for on-the-job training and work experience. Programmes usually last between two and three and a half years and comprise theoretical as well as practical elements. You will spend one or two days a week, or several weeks at once, at a vocational school where you will acquire the theoretical knowledge that you will need in your future occupation. The rest of the time will be spent at a company. There you get to apply your newly acquired knowledge in practice, for example by learning to operate machinery. You will get to know what your company does, learn how it operates and find out if you can see yourself working there after completing your training. This combination of theory and practice gives you a real head start into your job: by the time you have completed your training, you will not only have the required technical knowledge, but you will also have hands-on experience in your job. There are around 350 officially recognised training programmes in Germany, so chances are good that one of them will suit your interests and talents. You can find out which one that might be by visiting one of the jobs vocational training fairs which are organised in many German cities at different times in the year. Employment prospects for students who have completed a dual vocational training programme are very good. This is one of the reasons why this kind of training is very popular with young Germans: around two thirds of all students leaving school go on to start a vocational training programme. (Source: http://www.make-it-in-germany. com) 6. How many German school leavers choose this vocational training programme? A. around one out of five B. less than a third C. well over 75% D. about 70% 7. The word "it" in the first paragraph refers to _______. A. company B. organisation C. machinery D. knowledge 8. Which of the following statements best describes the dual vocational training programmes? A. These programmes provide you with both theoretical knowledge and practical working experience. B. These programmes require you to have only practical working time at a certain company 207 C. These programmes offer you some necessary technical skills to do your future job. D. These programmes consist of an intensive theoretical course of two and a half years at a vocational school. 9. The word "hands-on" in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to ______. A. technical B. practical C. theoretical D. integral 10. Which of the following is probably the best title of the passage? A. Employment Opportunities and Prospects in Germany B. Combination of Theory and Practice in Studying in Germany C. Dual Vocational Training System in Germany D. Higher Education System in Germany

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 11 to 17. A surgical mask is a loose-fitting, disposable device that creates a physical barrier between the mouth and nose of the wearer and potential contaminants in the immediate environment. Surgical masks are regulated under 21 CFR 878.4040. Surgical masks are not to be shared and may be labelled as surgical, isolation, dental, or medical procedure masks. They may come with or without a face shield. These are often referred to as face masks, although not all face masks are regulated as surgical masks. Surgical masks are made in different thicknesses and with different ability to protect you from contact with liquids. These properties may also affect how easily you can breathe through the face mask and how well the surgical mask protects you. Tran Truong Thanh (Zalo 00369904425) If worn properly, a surgical mask is meant to help block large-particle droplets, splashes, sprays, or splatter that may contain germs (viruses and bacteria), keeping it from reaching your mouth and nose. Surgical masks may also help reduce exposure of your saliva and respiratory secretions to others. While a surgical mask may be effective in blocking splashes and large-particle droplets, a face mask, by design, does not filter or block very small particles in the air that may be transmitted by coughs, sneezes, or certain medical procedures. Surgical masks also do not provide complete protection from germs and other contaminants because of the loose fit between the surface of the face mask and your face. Surgical masks are not intended to be used more than once. If your mask is damaged or soiled, or if breathing through the mask becomes difficult, you should remove the face mask, discard it safely, and replace it with a new one. To safely discard your mask, place it in a plastic bag and put it in the trash. Wash your hands after handling the used mask.

(Source: https://www.fda.gov/)

11. Which of the following best serves as the title of the article? A. How to Make Surgical Face Masks B. Uses of Surgical Face Masks C. Surgical Face Masks in the Past D. Surgical Face Masks 12. 21 CFR 878.4040 is most likely mentioned in paragraph 1 as a ______. A. standard to follow B. design of masks C. mask serial number D. mask model number 13. The word “They” in paragraph 1 refers to ______. A. Physical barrier B. Contaminants C. Surgical masks D. Face shields 14. The word “contain” in paragraph 3 most probably means ______. A. reflect B. carry C. require D. protect 15. Which of the following is TRUE, according to the article? A. All surgical masks have the same thickness and protecting ability. B. Exposure to saliva and respiratory secretions may be reduced with surgical masks. C. Surgical masks can block splashes and droplets including very small particles. D. You have to replace your mask with a new one only when it is damaged. 16. The word “transmitted” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ______. A. transferred B. introduced C. produced D. committed 17. Why do surgical masks NOT provide complete protection from germs? A. Surgical masks are not designed to wear with face shields. B. There are too many saliva and respiratory secretions in the air. C. Very small particles may transmit through loose fit between the mask and the face. D. Surgical masks are easily soiled. 208