Ulsoor Adayalam by Devaki Kesh

ULSOOR ADAYALAM A DOCUMENTATION OF ULSOOR

ULSOOR ADAYALAM A DOCUMENTATION OF ULSOOR Architectural Design studio R V C A I B Arch 15 A

ULSOOR ADAYALAM A documentation of Ulsoor

Editorial Team Head Devaki Kesh

2019 RV College of Architecture

Editorial Team Gokulapriya M. S. Disha Dharesh Disha N. Ramesh Aditi Singh Solanki Aishwarya Patil Deeksha K. O. Darshan R. Hemanth K. V. Gursimar Singh Hora Iti Singh Deo Inuganti Akhila Rao Deepika V. Gayatri V. Nadagouda Jeethuri Keerthi Gnanasthitha Mallidi Abhinav

This book is a documentation and research study published as a part of the 8th Semester Architectural Design studio of 2019 in R V College of Architecture, Bangalore. Studio guides: Prof. Salila Vanka Prof. Kiran Keswani Prof. Seema Anand Prof. Raji Sunderkrishnan

DISCLAIMER The content in this book is based on site study and interviews by students. All information is true to our fullest knowledge. Any misinformation is deeply regretted.

CONTENTS

Acknowledgement Introduction 1. PERSONAL GEOGRAPHIES 2. UNDERSTANDING ULSOOR I. Geology and Climate II. Hydrology III. Land patterns IV. Flora and Fauna V. Political history, Economic history, Social and demographic study VI. Photos and news items, VII. Oral histories, Anecdotes and Myths VIII. Morphology and architectural characteristics IX. Ulsoor in Bangalore current day scenario (relation and urban issue) 3. CONTEXT STUDY I. II. III. IV.

Morphology Land use, Building use and ownership Open and public spaces and Landmarks Services

4. NAALA STREET STUDY

5. BAZAAR STREET STUDY

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We, the students of Urban design studio of Semester 8 Section A of RV college of architecture express our deepest gratitude to the following, for their invaluable help and guidance without whom this book would have never made it to its binding. To our Studio mentors, Ms Salila Vanka, Ms Seema Anand, Ms Kiran Keswani and Ms Raji Sunderkrishnan whose constant motivation and inputs guided our work. To our parents, for supporting us morally, financially and encouragement at the course of our undertaking. We would also like to acknowledge the cooperation of the Locals of Ulsoor, support staff at RVCA and the Jurors for their thoughtful critics. Lastly we thank ourselves, the students for supporting each other and putting in collective effort to make this possible.

PREFACE

Ulsoor Adayalam is a result of the works done for the Urban design studio conducted in the eighth semester (Section A) of RV College of architecture from February 2019 to June 2019. The objective of the studio was to study Ulsoor, Bangalore as a larger context for designing an architectural insert for which an in-depth site study was carried out first for a period of two months. The site study involved multiple site visits, interviews with the locals, literature studies, case studies, talks by professionals, creative exercises to make an enriching and enjoyable learning experience. The results of this are the contents of this book, an extensive documentation. Further, each student went on to create design inserts which are were in response to the urban issues.

1 PERSONAL GEOGRAPHIES

PEEPAL – PEOPLE -- PE(O)PAL

P E R S O N A L G E O G R A P H I E S

Moooo. Baaaa. Meh-eh-eh. Ruff. Where community is not just for man. Between enjoying a good cup of Tamizh filter kaapi to the slight fear of being chased down by a seemingly innocent chicken, or moving through multiple clothing lines having to dodge a series of drying clothing, experiencing streets of Ulsoor spanned across a variety of cultures with multiple common threads - the most prominent being the metro line’s visually loud presence. Yes, it was quite the ramble. Finding my way through electric wire cobwebs that may intervene uninterrupted strips of sky, or be identified as clothing lines across streetscapes, it’s hard to not animate certain aspects of Ulsoor irrespective of its actual characteristics. The thinnai, dusty elephant slides, monkey top roofs, courtyard homes and flower motifs that remind a Tamilian of her streets back home, added to the already present people-watching characteristics of the place. Contrasts between characteristically rich residential areas of Ulsoor vs the relatively new signs of development form noticeable and sometimes humorous frames- ‘drishti’ masks on concrete building faces, steel ventilation pipes peri scoping out of monkey topped exposed brick residences. Although the overall experience was a more or less distorted one with maze-like streets, and confusing pathways, what constantly reorients one back to origin is the recurring images of metro| elements of development vs. the exterior appearance of Halasuru associated to temple imagery. The greys- reds-whites therefore become markers as opposed to the colorful otherwise ‘happening’ settlements. GAYATRI GANESH Sem 8, Sec A (Presentation tilted on purpose)

HOW BUILDINGS AND ELEMENTS TALK I looked at perceiving Ulsoor map as a way of how buildings would tell their stories about adding to Ulsoor 's streetscape. At the center of this personal geography map is the Metro line which is fairly a recent addition yet having a greater impact on the urban fabric of the Ulsoor. As the element quotes ' I divide and rule', it just tells us of how the area of Ulsoor got divided along the metro line and kind of contributed in creating a different urban fabric on either side. This map shows how Ulsoor is a mix of various religious markers thus contributing to various communities and cultures. In this map we can see buildings talking to each other saying ' I need my space!' and why they can’t be like JP nagar houses. In this way, I have tried to interpret about how Ulsoor has grown and sits in the city of Bengaluru with centuries of history ,through its buildings and elements. DEEKSHA K O Sem 8, Sec A

URBAN DESIGN STUDIO - (BATCH 2015-2020) SEMESTER VIII, SECTION A , RVCA

THE IMAGE OF A MAP Ulsoor, a city in itself, a chaotic microcosm. The only word that kept occurring to me while walking. through was chaos, however, this chaos is inherent to our country, and that thought changes it from chaos to a way of life, as you begin to see it through that lens, the chaos begins to order itself. This ordered chaos is what defines Ulsoor. It is a superimposition of multiple layers and images. The drawing below tries to depict the superimposition, be it in terms of the images, or the metro being literally superimposed. There is an interesting layering in the verticality as well, this can be seen in the shophouses that line the main road and also the temple walls with their street vendors. Another interesting observation I had while doing this exercise was the importance of the relation between the image and the map. The images below, show that there are slight similarities in the maps of Ulsoor and a portion of London, this map rejects all images and just puts together the basic elements of the city, however we are all aware that the image is very different as compared to the map, because the image is a culmination of physical architectural elements and the visual elements from that culture. KARAN M HASIJA Sem 8, Sec A

A FRAMED PERSPECTIVE Walking through the narrow streets of this neighborhood transports me through a void back in time into the past, a past world that I imagine Bangalore as. Through this void in time, I see specks of forming a blur.... a hologram of the future. This blur can be better explained while walking through a network of narrow streets to be greeted by the pop of color bestowed upon the otherwise somber environment of closely packed houses. The overhead network of wires against a clear blue sky adds to the chaos of this void. Throughout my journey, this framed perspective defined every image I perceived in this neighborhood. The frame itself changed its characteristics from one street to the other. It highlighted key elements in the locality that would have otherwise gone unnoticed.

P E R S O N A L G E O G R A P H I E S

AKHILA JAISHANKER Sem 8, Sec A

ULSOOR STUDY

HOW I SEE HALASURU

P E R S O N A L G E O G R A P H I E S

No matter where I stand, I can see a very dominating metro line not bothering about the buildings around it. It was hard for me to imagine and connect the lines of what were before the metro came in. The dominance of the recent construction took the spot light away from the colorful gopuras that stretch all the way from the main road to the narrow streets. Pacing up and down the lane I could sniff the smell of food and dust from the road. Walking past a huge compound wall painted with strips of white and red my eyes caught a glimpse of fresh flowers with vibrant colors which were complimenting the Gopuras. Walking deep into the temple complex almost made me forget the chaos on the outside. The sound of instrumental music playing from within the temple, ringing of the bells, smell from the incense and flowers, chirping of birds had a soothing feeling to it. H M SAHANA Sem 8, Sec A

MY VIEW OF HALASURU Halasur, is one of the oldest parts of Bengaluru. Ulsoor lake was the only landmark that I had known before this visit. So, in my personal geography map I’ve focused on the other lesser known part of Halasur that I felt interested in. I noticed a lot of changes that had taken over this historical place. The metro line built in recent years is cutting across, separating the two important cultural hubs of the neighborhood. I felt if the metro line did not exist, the temples would be connected in some manner with a flow of activities between them. The open spaces on the backyard of the temples are the only few surviving voids or breathing spaces for the neighborhood. On the other hand, the naala seems to divide Halasur and Murphy town is some parts and connects the two in some. A visit to the fish market gave me a glimpse of the essence of the place. I made a lot of mixed cultural discoveries and also appreciated the city’s long-lasting heritage. DISHA N R Sem 8, Sec A

URBAN DESIGN STUDIO - (BATCH 2015-2020) SEMESTER VIII, SECTION A , RVCA

RANGOLI in Bengaluru Rangoli is an art form, where patterns are created on the ground using rice flour, dry flour, colored sand or flower petals. One can see this all over in Ulsoor. This map compares the number of Rangoli art in each street and adds character to each of them. In the 1st street, Bazaar street, Rangoli is almost nil. In the 2nd street, Someshwara Temple street, it is a few in number. The 3rd, 4th and 5th streets - Car street, Gurumurthy street & Mutt street - has predominantly more of this art form. In front of residential buildings one sees them more in number and bigger in size, compared to commercial buildings. These streets have a mix of Muslim community, Hindu community (evidently Tamil & Marwari community) and Christian community too. Rangoli is more seen in front of buildings of Hindu community. Marwari community drawn Rangolis are more geometric in nature like Hindu Yantras. Tamil community drawn Rangolis look more looped one into another with free-flowing lines and dots. Overall, it a beautiful experience to look at various versions Rangoli. In a way, they play vital role in keeping these streets clean - because people don’t want to spoil these art forms.

P E R S O N A L

DISHA DHARESH Sem 8, Sec A

G E O G R A P H I E S

ULSOOR FOR PEOPLE Culture in houses, houses in color, color and sound, sounds of life, life on streets, streets for conversations, conversations of temple, temples in Ulsoor, Ulsoor for people. ABU BAKAR Sem 8, Sec A

ULSOOR STUDY

2 UNDERSTANDING ULSOOR

UNDERSTANDING ULSOOR : HYDROLOGY, LAND USE PATTERNS 1. 2.

CES:

U N D E R S T A N D I N G

The groundwater levels have drastically fallen, due to which bore wells need to dig deeper into the ground to find water during construction. There is a need for understanding how to preserve the remaining groundwater and techniques to use.

Before urbanisationLimited floodplain

A SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT CAN BE INSERTED ON THE EDGE OF ULSOOR TO TREAT THE DRAIN WATER BEFORE IT FLOWS INTO THE OTHER LAKES

INFERENCES: INFERENCES:

After urbanisationerosion of soil- bank erosion flood plain increased

ULSOOR LAKE AND BELLANDUR LAKE ARE ULSOOR LAKE AND BELLANDUR LAKE ARE CONNECTED BY STORM WATER DRAIN SYSTEM CONNECTED BY STORM WATER DRAIN SYSTEM THE INTENT WAS ONLY RAIN RUN OFF WATER TO THE INTENT WAS ONLY RAIN RUN OFF WATER TO FLOW BETWEEN LAKES, HOWEVER SEWAGE FLOW BETWEEN LAKES, HOWEVER SEWAGE DRAINING INTO THE NAALAS CAUSES POLLUTION DRAINING INTO THE NAALAS CAUSES POLLUTION

The intent was only rain run off water to flow between lakes, however sewage draining The map depicts the rainfall. It plays an into the naalas causes pollution. A sewage important role in understanding how the water is drained from the streets, treatment plant can be inserted on the edge depicting the importance of storm water drains. of ulsoor to treat the drain water before it The storm water drain is ulsoor is blocked flows into the other lakes. Water cathchment by swage debriesw, causing storm water and sewage water to mix area - identified terrain where rain water harvesting can happen due to the natural terrain 1. The groundwater levels have drastically fallen, due to which bore wells 1. The groundwater levels have drastically fallen, due to which bore wells of ulsoor. need to dig deeper into the ground to find water during construction. need to dig deeper into the ground to find water during construction. 2.

U L S levels have drastically fallen, due to which bore wells er into the ground to find water during construction. O or understanding how to preserve the remaining techniques to use. O y fallen, due to which bore wells R ind water during construction.

Before urbanisationLimited floodplain

After urbanisationerosion of soil- bank erosion Before urbanisationflood plain increased

Limited floodplain

THE INTENT WAS ONLY RAIN OFF WATER THERUN INTENT WASTO ONLY RAIN RUN OFF WATER TO FLOW BETWEEN LAKES, HOWEVER SEWAGE FLOW BETWEEN LAKES, HOWEVER SEWAGE DRAINING INTO THE NAALAS CAUSES POLLUTION

DRAINING INTO THE NAALAS CAUSES POLLUTION

Before urbanisationBefore urbanisationLimited floodplain Limited floodplain

A SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT CAN BE INSERTED ON THE EDGE OF ULSOOR TO TREAT A SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT CAN BE INSERTED ON THE EDGE OF ULSOOR TO TREAT THE DRAIN WATER BEFORE IT FLOWS INTO THE OTHER LAKES THE DRAIN WATER BEFORE IT FLOWS INTO THE OTHER LAKES

After urbanisationAfter urbanisationerosion of soil- bank erosion erosion of soil- bank erosion flood plain increased flood plain increased

A SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT CAN BE INSERTED ON THE EDGE OF ULSOOR TO TREAT THE DRAIN WATER BEFORE IT FLOWS INTO THE OTHER LAKES The map depicts the rainfall. It plays an The map depicts the rainfall. It plays an important role in understanding how the important role in understanding how the water is drained from the streets, water is drained from the streets, depicting the importance of storm water depicting the importance of storm water drains. drains. The storm water drain is ulsoor is blocked The storm water drain is ulsoor is blocked by swage debriesw, causing storm water by swage debriesw, causing storm water and sewage water to mix and sewage water to mix

A SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT CAN BE INSERTED ON THE EDGE OF ULSOOR TO TREAT THE DRAIN WATER BEFORE IT FLOWS INTO THE OTHER LAKES

SOURCE OF WATER SUPPLY ARE VERY FAR FROM BANGALORE SOURCE OF WATER SUPPLY ARE VERY FAR FROM BANGALORE THE GROUND WATER LEVELS ARE DEPLETING AND THE NUMBER OF LAKES IN THE CITY HAVE ALSO DEPLETED, CAUSING THE GROUND WATER LEVELS ARE DEPLETING AND THE NUMBER OF LAKES IN THE CITY HAVE ALSO DEPLETED, CAUSING SEVERE STRAIN ON WATER SUPPLY. SEVERE STRAIN ON WATER SUPPLY. HENCE RAIN WATER HARVESTING IS A MAJOR NEED TODAY HENCE RAIN WATER HARVESTING IS A MAJOR NEED TODAY

WATER CATHCHMENT AREA - IDENTIFIED TERRAIN WHERE RAIN WAT NATURAL TERRAIN OF ULSOOR

SOURCE OF WATER SUPPLY ARE VERY FAR FROM BANGALORE THE GROUND WATER LEVELS ARE DEPLETING AND THE NUMBER OF LAKES IN THE CITY HAVE ALSO DEPLETED, CAUSING SEVERE STRAIN ON WATER SUPPLY. HENCE RAIN WATER HARVESTING IS A MAJOR NEED TODAY

There is a need for understanding how to preserve the remaining 2. There is a need for understanding how to preserve the remaining groundwater and techniques to use. groundwater and techniques to use.

Source of water supply are very far from bangalore The ground water levels are depleting and the number of lakes in the city have also depleted, causing Severe strain on water supply. Hence rain water harvesting is a major need today.

to preserve the remaining

ULSOOR LAKE AND BELLANDUR LAKE ARE

ULSOOR LAKE AND BELLANDUR LAKE ARE CONNECTED BY STORM WATER DRAIN SYSTEM CONNECTED BY STORM WATER DRAIN SYSTEM

After urbanisationURBAN DESIGN STUDIO - (BATCH 2015-2020) SEMESTER VIII, SECTION A , RVCA erosion of soil- bank erosion flood plain increased

WATER CATHCHMENT AREA - IDENTIFIED TERRAIN WHERE RAIN WATER HARVESTING CAN HAPPEN DUE TO THE WATER CATHCHMENT AREA - IDENTIFIED TERRAIN WHERE RAIN WATER HARVESTING CAN HAPPEN DUE TO THE NATURAL NATURAL TERRAIN OF ULSOOR TERRAIN OF ULSOOR

UNDERSTANDING ULSOOR : SOCIAL HISTORY U N D E R S T A N D I N G

Area under gangas rule. Agara lake being foiund – 2nd century a.D. Kolar as their capital.

Extent under vijayanagar period. Kannada, telugu and tulu community people in the region. Ulsoor lake being formed. Practice of “bittu vattu”

Mughals take over vijayanagar empire and give it back to wodeyars. Muslim rulers from bijapur (ranadullah khan ) take over bangalore from wodeyars. Muslim community thus moves into bangalore. Hyder ali develops lalbagh . Brings in thigala community.

Bristish later take over bangalore and set up cantonment area for which they bring in tamil soldiers and muslim community people into bangalore cantonProminent events that mark cultural variations in Bangalore: ment area which is present day usloor.

Mughals sold Bangalore to the Mysore Kingdom

The Cholas (9-13th c)

British take over

800-1200 400-900 Gangas (5-10th c)

1100-1400 Hoysalas (12-13th c) Veera ballala II ‘Benda-kaalooru’

1806

1690 1537 Kempegowda (Vijaynagars) - mud fort ‘Gandu Bhoomi’ (land of heros).

1799 Wodeyar II

Following plague: social improvement

2011

1920 1865 Cantonment railway station Madras railway line

Metro: Open

1960

U L S O O R

Industrial development

ULSOOR STUDY

As tamil people and muslim community occupy cantonment regions, kannada people from ulsoor shifted and started settling towards malleswaram, chamarajpet and basvangudi

U N D E R S T A N D I N G

Servants settlements and congested areas were formed in the low lands beside ulsoor and miller’s tank known as knoxpet and blackpally areas . Due to poor sanitation facilities and congestion, plague emerged in 1898 resulting in wiping out population. Marked the emergence of plague mariamman temples in ulsoor as well as other areas

LAKES FORMATION

U L S O O R

Coming of tamil community people into ulsoor during british era. Tamil muslims also started settling because of meat and leather requirement by british.

PRIVATE

PUBLIC

PRIVATE Common to see churches and temples built next to each other as the area has lots of christian converts who havent given away hindu traditions. The area has plenty of kattes housing snake gods which are under peepal tree.

SOCIAL LIFE OF PEOPLE IN ULSOOR URBAN DESIGN STUDIO - (BATCH 2015-2020) SEMESTER VIII, SECTION A , RVCA

COMMUNITY MAPPING PIE CHART Thigalas and Kurubas Marwadis and Jains

17%

27%

Tamil hindus Muslims Tamil christians

Brahmins

21%

12%

mixed communties

CULTURAL MARKERS IN ULSOOR AND PROCESSION ROUTES OF THAIPUSAM AND POO PALLAKKI FESTIVAL Migration of people from Ulsoor Many people who have lived in ulsoor are shifting to other areas in search of better living conditions. Some of the factors that made them shift their place are job opprtunities and lack of space and vehicular accesibility in ulsoor.

U N D E R S T A N D I N G U L S O O R

Migrants occupy the space having different cultural values and older communities have relations with the rituals of the spaces. We observed an overlap of both the traditions.

ULSOOR STUDY

UNDERSTANDING ULSOOR : POLITICAL HISTORY 倀伀䰀䤀吀䤀䌀䄀䰀䠀䤀匀吀伀刀夀

U N D E R S T A N D I N G U L S O O R

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URBAN DESIGN STUDIO - (BATCH 2015-2020) SEMESTER VIII, SECTION A , RVCA

㄀㠀㌀㄀

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吀栀攀最爀漀眀琀栀漀昀琀栀攀唀氀猀漀漀爀氀愀欀攀愀渀搀琀栀攀攀猀琀愀戀氀椀猀栀洀攀渀琀猀琀栀愀琀昀漀氀氀漀眀攀搀愀爀漀甀渀搀

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UNDERSTANDING ULSOOR : ULSOOR : UNDERSTANDING THROUGH ORAL HISTORIES THROUGH ORAL HISTORIES UU NN DD EE RR SS TT AA NN DD II NN GG

TEMPLE TEMPLE

AccordingAccording to the legend, was a village Kemto the Halasuru legend, Halasuru was a gifted village to gifted to Kempegowdapegowda I by Vijayanagar emperors (16th century). The name I by Vijayanagar emperors (16th century). The name derived from jackfruit near Ulsoor Halasuru Halasuru derived from jackfruit orchardorchard near Ulsoor lake. Inlake. Kan-In Kannada jackfruit called “Halasinahannu” whereas the “ooro” nada jackfruit is called is“Halasinahannu” whereas the “ooro” forThe village. Thenear village the orchard to be called stands forstands village. village thenear orchard came tocame be called Halasuru. During the british rule name was changed to Ulsoor, Halasuru. During the british rule name was changed to Ulsoor, butthe in 2004, the neighborhood was renamed as Halasuru. but in 2004, neighborhood was renamed as Halasuru. LEGEND 1:LEGEND 1: Kempewhile Gowda, onrode a hunt, far away Kempe Gowda, onwhile a hunt, farrode away from his capital Yelahanka. Being from his capital Yelahanka. Being tired, hetired, rest-he rested under a tree and fell asleep. The local deity ed under a tree and fell asleep. The local deity Someshwara appeared to him in a dream and Someshwara appeared to him in a dream and instructed him to build a temple in his honor instructedusing him buried to build a temple in his honor treasure. In return the chieftain using buried treasure. returnfavor. the chieftain would receiveIndivine Kempe Gowda would receive divine favor.and Kempe Gowda found the treasure dutifully completed found the treasure and dutifully completed the temple. the temple.

TEMPLE TEMPLE CHARIOT CHARIOT

LEGEND LEGEND 2: 2: According to another version of the legend, King JayapAccording to another version of the legend, King Jayappa Gowda (1420-1450 CE) from a minor dynasty of the pa Gowda (1420-1450 CE) from a minor dynasty of the Yelahanka Nada Prabhus was hunting in a forest near the Yelahanka Nada Prabhus was hunting in a forest near the present Halasuru area, when he felt tired and relaxed present Halasuru area, when he felt tired and relaxed under a tree. In a dream, a man appeared before him underand a tree. In a dream, a man appeared before him told him that a linga (universal symbol of the god and told himwas that a linga (universal Shiva) buried under the spotsymbol where of he the wasgod sleepShiva)ing. was under the where hebuild was asleepHeburied was instructed to spot retrieve it and temple. ing. He was instructed retrieve it initially and build a the temple. Jayappa found theto treasure and built temple Jayappa the treasure and initially built the temple outfound of wood. out of wood.

UU LL SS O O O O R R

Influx of people during the festivals with mela of some sorts occupying the streets. Also the festivals are spread year round engaging the public the temple. Larger ‘GOOD OVER EVIL’ people in and something themento hope Influx of people during thewith festivals with mela of idea someofsorts occupying thewhich streets. Alsostill thebelieve festivals are spread yearfor round for. Similar to the temple. folklore of Tamil culture carried forth after all these generations. gaging the public with Architecture a way of communicating stories and marker of a legacy. for How British Larger idea of ‘GOOD as OVER EVIL’ which people still believe in and something them to portrayed hope for. Indians as people who required help to organise themselves and paint a false picture to stay in India and still have rule.

Similar to the folklore of Tamil culture carried forth after all these generations. Architecture as a way of communicating stories and marker of a legacy. How British portrayed Indians as people who required help to organise themselves and paint a false picture to stay in India and still have rule. ULSOOR STUDY

ULSOOR STUDY

UNDERSTANDING ULSOOR : THROUGH ARTICLES U N D E R S T A N D I N G U L S O O R

“48 shops demolished on Bazaar Street” BANGALORE:, SEPTEMBER 09, 2010

https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/bangalore/48-shops-demolishedon-Bazaar-Street/article15908576.ece

2019 Garbage on Ulsoor Road near Someshwara Temple(inset) in Bangalore on Monday (Photo: R Samuel) DECCAN CHRONICLE. Published Nov 8, 2016

DECCAN HERALD Bengaluru: Oct 28, 2015

Garbage piles up on streets as landfills go dysfunctional BBMP admits things difficult, but says new waste units hold out hope

BBMP squad with police protection demolished shops adjoining someshwara temple in Ulsoor Bazaar Street in Bangalore. Photo: K. Gopinathan 1806

1690

2010

1920

2018

, 1537

1799

1865

1960

2015

“48 shops demolished on Bazaar Street” BANGALORE:, SEPTEMBER 09, 2010

https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/bangalore/48-shops-demolishedon-Bazaar-Street/article15908576.ece

2019

Unattended: Garbage lies uncleared in Ulsoor on Tuesday.

URBAN DESIGN STUDIO - (BATCH 2015-2020) SEMESTER VIII, SECTION A , RVCA

800-1200 400-900

1100-1400

1806

1690 1537

1799

1920 1865

2011 1960

“Heritage site turns into

2019

Temple 2016face bare

Inferring reasons for open spaces’ converted to garbage disposal zones | Effective ways to prevent similar activities

garbage dump”

Bangalore Mirror Bureau | Updated: Jan 11, 2019, 06:00 IST The kalyani was excavated about 8 years ago and was kept clean and well maintained for a few years afterwards As years passed by, people started throwing garbage in the water, which is meant for holy purpose, and in the area near the Kalyani. The kalyani is now not in use for religious purposes by the temple

The kalyani of Someshwara Temple at Ulsoor in Bangalore (Photo: DC)

“The ancient compound walls of the Someshwara temple are in ruins. They have not been reconstructed. Many building works inside and outside the temple are left pending.” “A part of the temple premises was sold to the Bangalore Metro, but the area has now become a dumping ground and a place for illegal parking,”

On site photograph Feb, 2019

UNDERSTANDING ULSOOR : CURRENT DAY ULSOOR

perties roperties he n the m buffer 5-m buffer eone annot not bebe edevelope evelope 5.35 mm om the m the dges of es of econdary ondary rains. ns.

13/4/2008 Before land acquisition

EXISTING LAND USE MAP

U L This buffer zone wo treated as no S const O pr zones .In the 88sqkm of buffer O zone Ulsoor lake there ar R

2009 demolishing old Establishments

would be Residents and business Residents and business establishments on this stretch establishments on this stretchsuffered of the constructionof the ‘Namma Metro’ corridor have probably ‘Namma have be the Residents andcorridor most, in termsMetro’ of loss of private property bybusiness ownhe would proposed ersprobably and loss of business by tenants. suffered the most, in terms construction r zone around establishments on this stretch of the of loss of private property by owners ‘Namma Metro’ corridor on the 75-m buffer zone cannot be redeve- have ereproposed are 158Properties and loss of business by tenants. lope d.35 m from the edges of secondary drains.

probably suffered the most, in terms one around of buffer losszone of would private property by owners be treated as no construction eyana, areBangalore 158 This zones. the proposed 88sqkm of buffer zone around andInloss of business by tenants.

na, Bangalore

U Propertie N on the D 75-m bu E zone R cannot b S redevelo d.35 T m from A the edges o N secondar D drains. I N G

Ulsoor lake there are 158 properties.

2009 demolishing old Establishments

properties

PROPOSED LAND USE MAP

27/10/2018 Present Situation

Kushala Satyanarayana, Ba Mirror Bureau |

AD-8|ROLE OF ULSOOR IN

JOEL Z MATHEW, HEMANTH KV, KEERTHI J, KARAN HASIJA 27/10/2018 Present Situation

BANGALORE, URBAN ISSUES

JOEL Z MATHEW, HEMANTH KV, KEERTHI J, KARAN HASIJA ULSOOR STUDY

3 CONTEXT STUDY

COMPARISON OF THE LAND USE MAP WITH THE ACTUAL BUILDING USAGE MAP

C O T E X T S T U D Y LAND USE MAP (2015 map from BDA records) The land use map of 2015 indicates a larger residential zone with larger houses and more traditional courtyard houses. In this map we could see that the public spaces had greater prominence like the temples and the mosque. There are also a few lakes and tanks close to the temple zones.

The building use map indicates that the usage type is more of mixed use. Many buildings combine the commercial and residential usage. We also observed the absence of temple lakes and tanks. Commercial activities are more prominent. The development of instituions are also seen to a greater extent. There are a many public spaces like parks as well.

URBAN DESIGN STUDIO - (BATCH 2015-2020) SEMESTER VIII, SECTION A , RVCA

BUILDING USE MAP (Mapped on site - March 2019) One side of the naala has commercial usage in the ground floor facing the streets, and residential houses on the first floor. The other side of the Naala has apartmentments, large plot area and no commercial spaces in the plots.

THE TWO DISTINCT ZONES OF HALASURU

C O T E X T S T U D Y SCALE

GREEN MAPPING

FIGURE GROUND (Mapped on site - March 2019) Ulsoor has two distinct dense parts 1. The residential area along the Naala. The more planned part of the Naala - Murphy town seems to have integrated green spaces and open spaces along with the built. Dr. Ambedkar ground on the main road is heart of activities where children and young adults alike come to play. The vegetable market is at close vicinity. The Meat Market is a heritage structure that was built by the British as a means of separating the residential and the commercial. There is one important open space opposite the Shiva temple, where a slab is placed over the Naala. There is a library along with the ground giving it multiple functions hence making it an active space.

3. The commercialized Bazaar street. Along the Baazar Street, the Someshwara Temple is an important landmark generating and dictating terms for a lot of generators around. With high density and very less open spaces, even the open ones don’t really become public. For instance, the kalyani is an open space which is not open for public. The entire of Bazaar St is a public space which connects it again to the vegetable and the flower market. This is a public space meant to be moved along rather than lingering in nature. Various other religious and social landmarks here include the Jain Bhavan, Mahaveer Bhavan, the Tamil school and the Mosque.

CONTOUR MAPPING ULSOOR STUDY

NAALA STREET ZONE

C O T E X T S T U D Y

BAZAAR STREET ZONE

URBAN DESIGN STUDIO - (BATCH 2015-2020) SEMESTER VIII, SECTION A , RVCA

LANDMARK MAPPING Landmarks along this stretch includes various religious institutions, kattes and Karnataka flag posts. These flag posts are often associated with auto stands who have occupied the space by rerouting traffic for Kannada Rajyotsava. It is noticed the number of open spaces drastically reduce as the residences move towards the Dhobi Ghat. Currently, due to inadequate infrastructure to cater to the sewage generated by the population untreated sewage is being directly fed into the nala. Both the nala and the lake has also become areas of disposal of garbage. Main cause of pollution Is due to immersion of idols in the ulsoor tank during festivities, Fishermen and breakdown of lakes retention walls. The purpose of the nala was to feed storm water to the lakes and also ensured overflow from the tank in higher elevation was collected in the one below. In 2010, Ulsoor Tank was identified as one of the major natural green area and was responsible, through evaporative cooling, for maintaining a lower ambient temperature in its surroundings. Not everyone wants their building to be a part of a list of heritage structures. There is some apprehension that this might lead to them not being able to ‘do anything’ to their houses later on. So many people want to demolish their old houses and build a three storey structure to get more rent instead of adapting renovation of a building

ULSOOR STUDY

C O T E X T S T U D Y

LIGHTING The junctions are well lit compared to the streets itself. There are specific regions around the temple which are well lit in the evening which serves as community spaces in the evenings. Each street has 5 street lights in average.

C O T E X T S T U D Y

URBAN DESIGN STUDIO - (BATCH 2015-2020) SEMESTER VIII, SECTION A , RVCA

DRAINAGE The junctions are well lit compared to the streets itself. There are specific regions around the temple which are well lit in the evening which serves as community spaces in the evenings. Each street has 5 street lights in average. The naala runs along the Naala street opposite the meat market and along the vegetable market, the water flows downwards from Ulsoor to Bellandur. The Naala overfloods in the monsoon and fills up about a metre in the residential zone which leads to making high walled entrances. WATER SUPPLY Water comes directly from Kaveri. Each junction has a tap that serves as a community tap. A naala passed through Shivajinagar connecting Miller’s tank to Belandur Lake and passing by Ulsoor Lake. The purpose of the nala was to feed storm water to the lakes and also ensured overflow from the tank in higher elevation was collected in the one below. Currently, due to inadequate infrastructure to cater to the sewage generated by the population untreated sewage is being directly fed into the naala. Both the naala and the lake has also become areas of disposal of garbage.

ULSOOR STUDY

C O T E X T S T U D Y

4 NAALA STREET STUDY

naala issue

S I T E

There is one primary inlet through which the sewage from the naala in the north overflows during a flood event into that part of the lake which is separated by a bund. The bund acts as a silt trap, which stops and removes plastic, silt, and other debris from the sewage before the sewage enters into the main part of the lake. The only outlet from the lake is located in the south. Fishing is done in Ulsoor Lake through specific contractors. From our secondary research, we know that in early 2016, due to heavy sewage inflow into the lake, people

S T U D Y

The corner spots, is the hot spot for throwing waste, because of ease of acceblity

URBAN DESIGN STUDIO - (BATCH 2015-2020) SEMESTER VIII, SECTION A , RVCA

S I T E S T U D Y

ULSOOR STUDY

S I T E S T U D Y

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URBAN DESIGN STUDIO - (BATCH 2015-2020) SEMESTER VIII, SECTION A , RVCA

lake structure

S I T E S T U D Y

ULSOOR STUDY

S I T E

PARK

ASH

IVA M

UDA

LIAR

4th C

ROS

3RD C

S RD

ROSS

N RD

ANNA

ARAI K

THAM

S T U D Y

DODD

AKAT

APPA

STRE

ET 1s

HANUMAI

REDDY RD

AH REDD

Y RD

Naala street runs along the Naala opposite the Meat Market Complex along the Vegetable Market area. These areas can be accessed by Sadashiva Mudaliar road running from the Ulsoor Metro main road also the Puroshotam road. The Meat Market complex is a 100 year old structure which also had a public library connected to it which was of very high sentimental value to the neighbourhood elders. Opposite the Meat market sits the Public park which houses a temple, a BBMP office block which is currently being relocated (May 2019) and a community hall for gatherings and events.

SADASHIVA

DDY RD SUBBAIAH RE

PURUSHOT HAM RD

LAXMAIAH

MUDALIAR RD

SAD

INTRODUCTION TO NAALA STREET

A EK

R DA

VIV

t CRO

SS RD

URBAN DESIGN STUDIO - (BATCH 2015-2020) SEMESTER VIII, SECTION A , RVCA

S I T E S T U D Y VEGETABLE CARTS

PATHWAY TO TEMPLE

COMMUNITY HALL

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE STREET The street is bound by the residential aspect on one side and acts as a public market front on the other. The Naala street behaves like a transit to crossover. The Market front is always activated but the park is dulled down due to 1) Overflooding Of Naala 2) Disposal of garbage 3) Odour due to Naala and garbage 4) Increased diseases due to culmination of stagnant water

ULSOOR STUDY

N RD ANNA ARAI K THAM

RD SAD

ASH

IVA M

UDA

LIAR

4th C

S T U D Y

ROS

3RD C

S RD

ROSS

S I T E

SITE A

DODD

AKAT

APPA

STRE

ET 1s

EDDY RD

HANUMA

IAH RED

DY RD

SUBBAIAH R

PURUSHOTH

AM RD

H REDDY

t CRO

SS RD

URBAN DESIGN STUDIO - (BATCH 2015-2020) SEMESTER VIII, SECTION A , RVCA

SADASHIVA

LAXMAIA

MUDALIAR R

SITE B

D AN

V VI

A EK

RD MA

POSSIBLE SITES

S I T E S T U D Y

POSSIBLE DESIGN INTERVENTIONS CLEANING THE NAALA: Due to the garbage disposal in the naala from the immediate context and the clogging, the storm water tends to over flow to the nearby residential area and the park. Hence, cleaning the naala is prioritized. GREEN CORRIDOR: The garbage thrown into the naala from the naala edge can be prevented by creating a buffer zone from the street to the naala. STREET VENDORS: The activity from the markets are spilled over to the sidewalks. Street vendors occupy these sidewalks to park their push carts. Providing a space for these vendors to sell their commodities and strategically placing them in the site with proper access to them would prevent this.

ABANDONED PARK: The park facing the meat market is abandoned due to flooding and lack of maintenance creating an urban void in the ulsoor fabric. The site has lot potential being a corner site along two busy roads. Also providing possibility of having a recreational space for the immediate context. LIBRARY: A colonial library was recently demolished to accommodate the new Indira canteen to Ulsoor. The library holds a special importance to the people in Ulsoor and in many ways giving a different characteristics to the site. Hence, bringing back the Llibrary NOT FORGOTTEN would help to revive the place. PUBLIC HEALTH CARE CENTER: This is to replace the existing centre.

ULSOOR STUDY

COMMUNITY HALL

S I T E

MEAT MARKET

PARK

SECTION AA

S T U D Y PARK

NAALA

SECTION BB

URBAN DESIGN STUDIO - (BATCH 2015-2020) SEMESTER VIII, SECTION A , RVCA

ACTIVITY MAPPING B

A E

7 a.m. – 10 a.m.: This time of the day the vegetable market and the meat market can be seen activated by the meat and vegetable buyers. Vegetable market spilled over to the sidewalk in front of the market and also in front of the park adds to the traffic on the street. It is the preferred road for the people commuting from the Murphy town to the Swami Vivekananda road or the Ulsoor metro station. The density of the vehicular traffic is more in the morning, since people commute to their work place and students going to schools. The people from all over Bangalore come to this meat market for their weekly meat purchases. Whereas, the vegetable market are mostly visited mostly by the people passing through the Naala road and the people from Ulsoor. Meat market opens around 6 a.m. and the vegetable sellers open their shops around 9a.m.

S I T E S T U D Y

12 a.m.: The density of pedestrian and vehicular traffic is reduced. Very less buyers around this time. 7 p.m. – 10 p.m.: The street is heavily densed during the night time. Vehicular and pedestrian traffic is seen to be the highest at this time of the day. Eateries open up around 7 p.m. contributing to the density created by the markets.

ULSOOR STUDY

4 BAZAAR STREET STUDY

ORIGIN OF BAZAAR STREET

The probable making of Bazaar street might go back as long as the making of the Someshwara temple. After building the temple, there was the ‘agraharam’ along the temple street creating an axis leading from the temple and the ‘sthamba’ to the Rath. Along with the temple being the static point, there was the path of the Rath. This would have led to making of four more lanes around the temple with Bazaar Street being one of them. To connect the Ulsoor to the Old Madras Road, a series of roads were made one of which could have been the Bazaar Street.

S I T E S T U D Y

URBAN DESIGN STUDIO - (BATCH 2015-2020) SEMESTER VIII, SECTION A , RVCA

S I T E S T U D Y

It is observed that there are mixed amounts of income with majority of the low income coming from the small shops on the Bazaar Street. The ground floor of most buildings along the Temple street are medium income while the most of the high income buildings belonging to the Jains and are larger properties

ULSOOR STUDY

ACTIVITY MAPPING 4 A.M TO 10 A.M SS II TT EE SS TT UU DD YY

H. 7:45 A.M TO 8:30 A.M Children walking and cycling to school. G. 9 A.M TO 10 A.M People start coming to Someshwara temple to offer their prayers.

G E

A. 4:00 A.M TO 7:00 A.M

F. 6 A.M TO 6:30 A.M E. 7 A.M Vegetable market starts with small vendors.

D. 7:30 A.M TO 8:30 A.M Delivery of dry goods and street vendors start occupying spots near vegetable market.

C. 6:15 A.M TO 6:30 A.M Taxis and autos are parked on the bazaar street. People exit the Mosque either by walk or on two wheelers.

48 48

URBAN DESIGN STUDIO- (BATCH - (BATCH2015-2020) 2015-2020)SEMESTER SEMESTERVIII, VIII,SECTION SECTIONAA, RVCA , RVCA URBAN DESIGN STUDIO

B. 6:00 A.M TO 7:30 A.M The parked taxis and cabs start moving towards the main road. Water is delivered to shops and vendors at around this time in the morning.

ACTIVITY MAPPING 9 A.M TO 4 P.M SS II TT EE

c. 3:30 P.M TO 4:00 P.M Schools are let off. Children are seen returning to their houses or going to tuitions or playing on the streets. D. 1:00 P.M TO 5:30 P.M Someshwara temple closes in the afternoon.

SS TT UU DD YY

A D

B. 11:00 A.M TO 12:00 P.M Vegetable delivery trucksUnloading

Restaurants can cater to foot traffic.

After 11 A.M, there is an increase in the influx of pedestrian movement.

A. 11:00 A.M TO 2:00 P.M Traffic slows down on the main road.

ULSOOR ULSOORSTUDY STUDY

49 49

ACTIVITY MAPPING 4 P.M TO 9 P.M S I T E S T U D Y

D D

E C C

Street vendors near metro station

Street vendors Fast food stalls A

URBAN URBAN DESIGN STUDIO - (BATCH 2015-2020) SEMESTER VIII, SECTION A , RVCA

S I T E S T U D Y

ULSOOR STUDY

EET

Morphology

S I T E S T U D Y

Built-to-unbuilt diagram of the elevation, showing the density and silhouette of Bazaar Street, depicting a rather low-lying built skyline as compared to the surrounding areas of the city.

BAZAAR STREE

Drawing depicting the various building uses across Bazaar Street. The diagram shows the concentration of clothing and jewellery stores before the temple, and a complete shift after it. It also shows how the various activities depend on each other. EATERY

RESIDENTIAL

JEWLLERY

HARDWARE

TEMPLE

CONVENIENCE STORE

The above drawing shows the ownership pattern across the street, this can be correlated to the previous diagram and it can be seen that the jewellery and clothing shops are owned as compared the smaller stores, this gives an idea about the permanence of the buildings as well.

OWNED

RENTED

UNUSED

URBAN DESIGN STUDIO - (BATCH 2015-2020) SEMESTER VIII, SECTION A , RVCA

CLOTHING

S I T E S T U D Y

ULSOOR STUDY

previous diagram and it can be seen that the jewellery and clothing shops are owned as compared the smaller stores, this gives an idea about the permanence of the buildings as well.

CHOOSING THE SITES OWNED

S I T E

RENTED

UNUSED

This drawing was done to understand the fenestrations on the buildings across the street, this shows how the buildings light themselves considering how close they are, it is visible that the lighting condition on the floors above is quite poor, the lower floors however, being commercial are shop fronts which use rolling shutters to bring in light whenever required.

S T U D Y

URBAN DESIGN STUDIO - (BATCH 2015-2020) SEMESTER VIII, SECTION A , RVCA

SITE 1 : KALYANI - The site that has a ruined structure is considered to be an empty plot. It faces the temple street on one side and bazaar street on the other side.A temple property

S I T E

Bazaar street zone After a detailed study and analysis of the bazaar street and the area around Someshwara temple, three zones were chosen for the design insert. Appropriate programs are inserted in these three zones of study that caters to the people of Ulsoor and also responds to the larger context.

SCHOOLS AND NATURE OF SHOPS - The Bazaar street is dominated with the clothing stores and jewelry stores. The jewelry stores are mostly owned by Jains and have a pawn broker along with the store. The monotony of the clothing stores are broken by multiple eateries. As one walks down the Bazaar Street, there are increasing number of hardware stores. Other modes of income here include gym, stationary and accessory stores. Shringar Costumes on the Car Street is one of the notable oldest stores around in the neighborhood.

S T U D Y

A community hall owned by Jain trust, which holds events like weddings, parties and so on. It is diagonally located to a Jain mandir where religious activities are conducted and lies on the other end of Someshwara temple on temple street. The site is bound by three roads and private property on the remaining edge. The temple street edge is quieter compared to the other two street edges, which are always bustling with people. It holds great potential to activate the street edge and create a positive impact on the neighbourhood.

SITE 3: The Courtyard House : the idea of merging the past and present, this site seeks to retain the building with an intervention in it.This site to an extent deals with adaptive reuse.

ULSOOR STUDY

S I T E S T U D Y

URBAN DESIGN STUDIO - (BATCH 2015-2020) SEMESTER VIII, SECTION A , RVCA

Bazaar Street happens to be one of the most diverse streets in Ulsoor. This stands as the change in the times and shows layers of people moving in and out. A strong sense of Tamil community is seen here, beginning from the time of the British. Though the buildings are rented out by multiple communities, the migrant Jains are major stakeholders as they own most of these places and also have an established Jain Bhavan and Mahaveer Bhavan around the Temple Street.

UNDER CONSTRUCTION UNDER CONSTRUCTION

EATRIES

UNDER CONSTRUCTION

EATRIES

EATRIES JEWELLERY

JEWELLERY

OWNED

RENTED

UNUSED

OWNED

RENTED

UNUSED

ELECTRONICS AND HARDWARE

EATRIES

UNUSED

JEWELLERY

OWNED

TEMPLE

JEWELLERY

ELECTRONICS AND HARDWARE

TEMPLE

ELECTRONICS AND HARDWARE VEGETABLE MARKET

S I T E

VEGETABLE MARKET

S T U D Y

RESIDENTIAL

ELECTRONICS AND HARDWARE

VEGETABLE MARKET

TEMPLE

The Bazaar Street is found to dominated by North Indian communities like Marathis, Gujarathis, Bengalis and Rajasthanis. Based on religion, though dominated by the Hindus – Bazaar street has adequate representation from the Muslim and the Jain community. The shops of the bazaar street being rented mostly by the Muslims while Jains own the larger shops by the Temple Street and the Car Street.

TEMPLE

VEGETABLE MARKET

RESIDENTIAL

RENTED

ULSOOR STUDY

SITE ANALYSIS

S I T E

C O T E X T

S T U D Y

URBAN DESIGN STUDIO - (BATCH 2015-2020) SEMESTER VIII, SECTION A , RVCA

ULSOOR STUDY

S I T E S T U D Y

ULSOOR STUDY

S I T E S T U D Y

OVERALL STRATEGIES: One of the issues identified through the study of context is the congestion that happens due to the vehicular traffic around the Temple Street and Car Street. Two wheelers are found to parked along the footpaths making it difficult for pedestrians. The overall strategy here would be in pedestrianizing the temple stretch till Bazaar Street entry two properties away. Multiple parking spots have been identified in the sites for two wheeler parking almost acting like a thoroughfare. Elements like grasscrete and automatic bollards are to be integrated into the design to ensure that the street is pedestrianized.

URBAN DESIGN STUDIO - (BATCH 2015-2020) SEMESTER VIII, SECTION A , RVCA

S I T E

S T U D Y

URBAN DESIGN STUDIO - (BATCH 2015-2020) SEMESTER VIII, SECTION A , RVCA

ULSOOR STUDY

ULSOOR ADAYALAM

This book is a compilation of the Urban Design Studio works by the Section A students (Batch of 2020) in their 8th semester (Feb - June 2019). The research, analysis and design interventions were guided by Ms Salila Vanka, Ms Kiran Keswani, Ms Seema Anand and Ms Raji Sunderkrishnan, the faculty members of the studio. From mind-mapping to context analysis to detailed site documentation and design inserts, the journey was funfilled and memorable for the students. Being their first taste of what urban design looks like, the experience was challenging, yet fulfilling. They made their way out of all the confusion in the process, just like how they found their way around the streets of Ulsoor. The Naala street and the Someshwara Temple street are the focused areas of study within Ulsoor.

GANDHI UrbanBAZAAR Design Studio - BATCH OF 2015 - ‘20 Urban Design Study