B.ARCH THESIS 2020
BY - DEVESH MISHRA
INTRODUCTION The objective of living museum is to provide visitors with a practical interpretation of the tribal settlements. They bring these settlements to life by imitating the conditions of a natural environment, tribal tradition and culture to the fullest. Living museums use various interpretive techniques such as exhibitions and indigenous people who represent tribal community to make simulations of tribal settlements as authentic as possible.
An ecovillage is a traditional or intentional community with the goal of becoming more socially, culturally, economically, and/or ecologically sustainable. An ecovillage strives to produce the least possible negative impact on the natural environment through intentional physical design and resident behaviour choices. It is consciously designed through locally owned, participatory processes to regenerate and restore its social and natural environments.
The key difference between a living museum and other museums is that living museums give interpretations in the first-person present. Korku tribe
Sahariya tribe
Dwelling only in densely forested areas, people belonging to Korku tribe of Madhya Pradesh are skilled in gathering food. Korkus build their houses with bamboo and wood, Korkus also depend on agriculture, poultry farming and animal husbandry for their livelihood.
Saharias are another tribal group prominent in Madhya Pradesh, sheltered in the districts of Gwalior, Shivpuri, Vidisha. Saharias are indulge in shifting cultivation and hunting, skilled woodsmen and hold expertise in gathering wood, tendu leaf, honey, herbs, and gum.
Gond tribe They occupy the sides of the Narmada river, and live in close harmony with Mother Nature. Their native language belongs to the Dravidian family, and they are scattered across the state of Madhya Pradesh. Gonds mainly resides at Mandla, Chhindwara, Betul and Seoni districts in Madhya Pradesh. They worship Lord Shiva, known as ‘Bahadeo’ in their native tongue.
Baiga tribe Believed to have descended from Dravid, they reside peacefully in thick, forested woodlands of Satpura. The commonly acknowledged language of the Baigas is Baigani, along with Hindi and Marathi. The art of tattooing is a significant part of the tribal lifestyle, exclusive to the clan.
Bhil tribe Baharia tribe The tribesmen of Bharia count on agriculture as their main source of livelihood and are adept at crafting items like baskets from bamboo. They are well versed in Dravidian languages and dwell far within the shaded valley of Tamia, Chhindwara, which is inaccessible by road.
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Bhils are fine warriors with inherent, exceptional skills of archery. The name Bhil literally refers to Bil, meaning ‘bow’, a reference to their great archery skills which are mentioned even in the Indian epics of Ramayana and Mahabharata. Some of their other skills include pottery, painting, and weaving.
TRIBAL ECO VILLAGE : A LIVING MUSEUM
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
SITE INFORMATION
Architecture itself is a process of designing a functional space for the betterment of humanity. Here when we talk about deprived indigenous people who have been facing de-tribalisation from many years, it's a question how one can help them. . Culture allows us to assert our existence to ourselves to the extent that we are not just ‘now’ but are - in essence - forever and if this culture is the only thing on the verge of extinction than it becomes a challenge. Through architecture we can revive and rejuvenate there culture and enhance there cultural imperatives
The site was proposed for anthropological museum, out of 200 acres on an area of 4.6 acres an indoor museum was built which was inaugurated on 21st march 1977. Which was named as “national museum for mankind” or “Indira Gandhi Rashtriya Manav Sanghralaya”. Since than museum was opened for public, whole site is used to make many outdoor temporary structures that depict several tribal arts, techniques, culture, these structures are changed by the time and season.
SITE
CONNECTIVITY :
• Site form is uneven, major slope on site is along the north direction.
• Location: Shyamla Hills, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh. Direction of slope (high to low)
Low Vegetation Dense Vegetation
Green
• Existing roads on site are not up to standard width of vehicular road.
• Site Area: 200 Acres • Permissible Coverage: 20%
Ground
• FAR: 1 • ECS: 1
bhadbhada road – this road connects bhadbhada dam and village with site. many other major amenities like bus station, bus stops are also connected through this road. link road no. 2 – this road is secondary link road of bhopal. science center road – this road is named after science center. it is connected to some major government offices and official residences. lake view road – this road is restricted for heavy vehicles because of its width, and prone traffic because of tourism. (12 m wide road) mpsrtc bus depot – it is 1.2 km away from the site. autoriksha stand– it is 420 m away from the site. van vihar national park - it is a zoological national park.
• Owner: Ministry of Culture Site Contour Profile
• Land Use: PSP (Public-Semi Public) • Climate: Composite. • Existing built mass: 7 Acres Contours are of 3 meter height. Total 16 levels in contours are present on site. 3M Wide Road 6M Wide Road 12M Wide Road
Existing Road On site
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PLAN - 2 SLOPE OPEN AND GREEN
PLAN - 4 VEGETATION
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Site is surrounded by aesthetic surroundings which creates many view point for the users of the site. ABCD are the respective view points marked on the site. ( Refer Plan - 1) A
B
C
D
Wind direction During summers
View directions Noise
Wind direction During monsoons Wind direction During winters
D C
upper lake – it is also known as ‘badi’ lake which means biggest lake.
Vegetation covers most part of the site. Which helps in blocking the modern view of city, also helps in blocking the noise, cleaning the air and minimizing the air pressure. (Refer Plan - 1, 2 and 4)
B
lake view point – this area comprises of parks and cafes. SITE
regional college bhopal. A
state museum proposed college
SURROUNDINGS :
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residential area – this area comprises of shastri nagar, dwarkapuri colony, prempura, police radio colony
Uneven landform of site diverts wind flow and reduces the pressure of wind. PLAN - 1 VIEW POINTS NOISE PROJECTIONS
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PLAN - 3 WIND DIRECTIONS SUN PATH
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Upper lake is situated on the north of site, hot winds of summers are projected from north towards west. Due to upper lake hot winds doesn’t have much impact on site, its temperature reduces. (Refer Plan - 3)
TRIBAL ECO VILLAGE : A LIVING MUSEUM
SITE INTRODUCTION AND STUDY
A
1
UPPER LAKE
2
EXISTING ROAD
INCLUDING 626 623
EXISTING BUILTMASS PHOTOGRAPHY POINT
SHIFTING
1
OLD MUSEUM
629
EXCLUDING
Low Vegetation Dense Vegetation Noise
SECONDARY ACCESS
Hence to control Traffic flow on site i'm proposing to restrict vehicular movement on some part of site
2
4
5
3
632
3
HERBAL NURSERY BIO PRESINCT
6
7
644
VAN VIHAR NATIONAL PARK
8
9
647
635
WATER TANK 5
PRIMARY ACCESS
10 638
7 6
EXISTING BUILT MASS ANTHROPOLOGICAL MUSEUM
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This Part provides clear view of city which should be blocked to create an ambience of eco village on site.
Existing vegetation on this part of site helps in blocking the view of modern structures surrounding the site and blocking the noise
REGIONAL COLLEGE BHOPAL
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PLAN - 5 VEGETATION
Noise is also projected from this side on site which should be blocked. N This can be done by planting vegetation or shifting vegetation on this part of the site.
MUSEUM SHOP
HIGH TENSION TOWER
This part will be ideal to create tribal eco village a living museum. Following are the reasons –
OFFICE BLOCK
-This part lies close to the main entrance of site which is used by tourists and visitors. -As tribal settlement needs a citadel for creating a religious ground this part has its own. -This part contains the highest contour level of site thus it provides great views. -This part is densely surrounded by vegetation which gives a feeling of a land enclosed in jungle.
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650
647 644
641
11
11
635 632
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SCALE : 1:2000
SITE AREA – 200 ACRES
Heavy vehicle are restricted on lake view road so this entrance won't allow any heavy vehicle access on site. So, there is only single access on site for heavy vehicles.
SITE PLAN
SCALE : 1:2000
SITE SECTIONAL ELEVATION AB
PLAN - 6 IDEAL LOCATION
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B
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TRIBAL ECO VILLAGE : A LIVING MUSEUM
SITE STUDY AND ANALYSIS
TRIBAL ECO VILLAGE
‘Tribal Eco Village - A living museum’ is a museum that recreates tribal culture, traditions and settlements to replicate a functional tribal community.
IDENTITY OF BULDING
TYPOLOGY OF BUILDING
A living museum
WORKSHOPS ACCOMODATIONS ETC.
Picture 1 – Bahariya and Gond Hamlet . Jolkhera, Tamia Source - Author
TRADITIONAL ELEMENTS
VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE ART AND PAINTINGS
LOCALLY AVAILABLE MATERIALS
OPEN SPACES, SEMI OPEN AND PRIVATE SPACES
Traditional Elements which represent the cognitive culture are to be used as part of design.
Picture 4 – Bada dev, Jolkhera, Tamia Source - Author
Religious grounds are provided at the peak of settlements as per my research. One can overlook the whole settlement from religious ground.
Tangible Intangible
CHARACTERSTIC OF SPACES
LOCAL MATERIALS
Bada dev, baba dev or meghnath
Bada dev/Meghnath. Settlement.
+ LIVING CULTURE Figure 1 Source - Author
Traditional Tribal Houses
Religious Dances
The design concept has been derived using the principles of tribal settlements. Their traditional knowledge culture are influencing factors.
and
Whole design will show the cognitive culture of all the six tribes.
Dances in tribal communities are performed in circles. Picture 2 – Bhil House, Aulia Forest 2 SourceFigure - Author Source - Author
Understanding the inter and intra relationship between
Architecture
Nature
Tourists/ Visitors
1. Gond – Gussadi Dance 2. Baiga – Karma Dance
Community gathering spaces in tribal settlements.
Historians/Wo rkers
Otla Administrators
Culture Figure 2 Source - Author
COMPONENTS OF A TRIBAL ECO VILLAGE – A LIVING MUSEUM
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PictureFigure 3 – Baiga 2 Hamlet . Patalkot, Chindwara Source - Author Source - Author
Trees with bigger foliage.
Traditional Tribal, Temple surrounded by tridents.
TRIBAL ECO VILLAGE : A LIVING MUSEUM
CONCEPT
A baabdev temple tradition which is noticed from the distance because it has a labyrinth of clay toys,.
Picture 6 – Labyrinth of Toys, Tribal Museum, Bhopal Source - Author
Picture 5 – Korku and Gond Hamlet, Fefari Source - Author
A festival chariot, which are decorated one month prior to the festival and are exhibited on the fair ground.
Tribal dinners, tribal dinning settings are simple. They sit in a folding leg position. And use ‘Pata or Chowki’ for placing the plates.
Considering cardiac patients, differently abled people, old people a plinthed level for such settings will be more appropriate..
To create security for accommodation zone direct access is avoided, it can be accessed through recreational zone and administration.
To create security for accommodation zone direct access is avoided, it can be accessed through recreational zone and administration.
Different tribal accommodations, depicting the simplicity and tradition of planning.
Picture 7 – Machan, Bhil House, Aulia Forest Source - Author
Fore father temple – every stone in this temple depicts a generation, this temple keeps a record of all the forefather a family had. Machan
Courtyard
Room 2
Agriculture Field.
Historian Unit
Courtyard
Tourist Unit
Agriculture Field.
Room 1 Room 3 Typical tribal unit is considered to form a cluster between historian and tribal accommodations. Machan which is generally used for storing or drying grains and to rest on agricultural field, it is considered to create a viewing point which is connected with tourist accommodation. Backyard for vegetable farming will be provided with each living units.
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TRIBAL ECO VILLAGE : A LIVING MUSEUM
CONCEPT
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TRIBAL ECO VILLAGE : A LIVING MUSEUM
SITE PLAN AND AREA DISTRIBUTION
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TRIBAL ECO VILLAGE : A LIVING MUSEUM
LANDSCAPE PLAN
AGRICULTURE FIELD
POTTERY WORKSHOP
PAINTING WORKSHOP
GRAINRY
WOOD CARVING WORKSHOP BAMBOO WORKSHOP DINNING AREA
CRAFT BAXAR
TEMPORARY SHOPS
RELIGIOUS GROUND MARKET AREA
FAMILY HUT CLUSTER
ADMINISTRATION
DORMITORY CLUSTER
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TRIBAL ECO VILLAGE : A LIVING MUSEUM
SITE VIEW
Religious grounds are provided at the peak of settlements as per my research. One can overlook the whole settlement from religious ground.
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TRIBAL ECO VILLAGE : A LIVING MUSEUM
RELIGIOUS GROUND
PERMANENT SHOPS TEMPORARY SHOPS
DISPLAY AREA
CRAFT BAZAR
VIEW OF MARKET ZONE
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TRIBAL ECO VILLAGE : A LIVING MUSEUM
MARKET ZONE
FAMILY HUT
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TRIBAL ECO VILLAGE : A LIVING MUSEUM
LIVING UNITS
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TRIBAL ECO VILLAGE : A LIVING MUSEUM
DINNING AREA
BAMBOO CUTTING SHADE
OIL EXTRACTION AND WOOD CUTTING AREA SCALE – 1:100 WORKING AREA
WOOD CARVING WORKSHOP AREA – 850 SQ.M SCALE – 1:100
WORKING AREA
BAMBOO WORKSHOP AREA – 607 SQ.M SCALE – 1:100
WORKING AREA
PAINTING WORKSHOP AREA – 650 SQ.M SCALE – 1:100
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TRIBAL ECO VILLAGE : A LIVING MUSEUM
WORKSHOPS
TRIBAL ECO VILLAGE PHYSICAL MODEL – SCALE 1:1000 This model is made with limited availability of materials at home during covid. Particleboard, newspaper, black soil, and rangoli colors are used for the preparation of the base. For trees, polystyrene balls and paper pins are used. For building blocks, particleboard is used.
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TRIBAL ECO VILLAGE : A LIVING MUSEUM
PHYSICAL MODEL