As it continues to evolve, language cultivates connections while fostering cultural and personal identities.
By ELLE WIGHT, Staff Writer
DEVIL’S ADVOCATE
Adviser: Larry Knight
Editor-in-Chief: Grace Larson
Managing Editor: Shravya Nalla
Layout and Design Editor: Amani Okero
Business Manager: Katya Sniriova
Digital Media Editor: Rowan Kershner
Assoc. Photography Editor: Garrett Lawrence
Assoc. Digital Media Editor: Katie Wong
Assoc. Business Manager: Jade Bateman
Assoc. Art Director: Amina Umar
Videographer: Arvind Mukund
Section Editor (Features): Lindsay Johnson
Section Editor (Arts & Ent.): Erica Truong
Section Editor (Opinions): Emily Zickuhr
Section Editor (Sports): Mena Alchi
Staff Writers: Heba Akhdar, Gabrielle Dosdos, Audrey Parman, Ramkumar Sridhar, Oscar Stone, Sriya Vemuri, Ashley Wang, Elle Wight
Staff Photographer: April Horn, Camille Knight
Contributing Advocates
The Devil’s Advocate is searching for contributing writers, photographers, artists, and filmmakers. Visit our Instagram @scpnewspaper or contact Editor-in-Chief Grace Larson gracelar924@gmail.com to complete an application for the chance to be featured on our website or in a print issue.
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The Devil’s Advocate is dependent on our advertisers and our sponsors. When you purchase an ad with us, it reaches a diverse student population that can help your business. We can also design your ads. Our prices are: $45 (1/4 page), $70 (1/2 page), $125 (full page), $150 (back page). For an additional small fee, we can advertise your business digitally. Contact Business Manager Katya Sniriova at sniriovakatya@gmail.com or Adviser Mr. Larry Knight at knightl1@duvalschools.org.
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STANTON SNEAKER CULTURE 4
By Garrett Lawrence
Students express their identity and personality through a variety of niche and mainstream sneakers.
Arts & Entertainment
12
THREADS OF MEANING
By Elle Wight
As it continues to evolve, language cultivates connections while fostering cultural and personal identities.
LOST IN TRANSLATION
21
7 Features Opinions
HEALING THROUGH ART THERAPY
By Heba Akhdar
Art therapy is a professional practice meant to facilitate personal growth, promote emotional healing, and alleviate mental stressors through the use of expressive art forms.
SIDE BAR: WORDS THAT HEAL
By Ramkumar Sridhar
Although poetry therapy is a largely unknown practice, it is a proven method to help individuals deal with their emotions.
10
INTERVIEW BLUES
By Amina Umar
Kiera fills in for Rookie’s interview, stepping out of her coding comfort zone.
By Sriya Vemuri
Junior Sriya Vemuri explores her experience with bilingualism and how it affects her identity.
Sports
17
THE ATHLETE WITHIN
By Gabrielle Dosdos
Students often explore various sports to uncover their interests and talents, but the demanding commitments can lead them to rethink their athletic plans.
With the generational gap increasing, it is important to consider varying perspectives.
22 By Ashley Wang
WE DESERVE ACCESS
Companies create economic disparities in wealth groups by restricting certain users’ access to premium features.
LANGUAGE OF LIES
By
Oscar Stone
Deception is deeply ingrained in human nature with people using language as a tool to mislead-despite the damage it causes.
Digital PODCAST EPISODE: BILINGUALISM
By Rowan Kershner
FIT TO SUCCEED
18 By Audrey Parman
Changes within physical education programs in school has caused a reduction in physical activity.
photo by April Horn
Student Life
The entrance to Stanton’s language building showcases a variety of cultures.
SNEAKER STANTON CulTure
Students express their identity and personality through a variety of niche and mainstream sneakers.
“I wear Adidas Sambas because they have unique classy elements which create style, while also being super comfortable.”
By GARRETT LAWRENCE, Associate Photography Editor
Cole Mairs, 9th
“I like the design of my UGGs, and they are very cozy and comfortable, especially in the winter months.”
—Anahita Prasad, 10th
“Sneakers are like modern art that I use to express myself. They are fun to collect, and to wear with different outfits.”
“The fact that Birkenstocks shape to my feet the longer I wear them gives life to the sandals and makes them feel special to me.”
Karthik Ancha, 11th
“With my shoes, I turned a necessity into an accesory. I love sneakers because they can add to my outfit, or they can be the main focus of it.”
Kamia Lindsey, 11th
“I used to wear regular shoes, but once I switched to Yeezy Slides, I could not go back because of how comfortable the slides are.”
Xander Nguyen, 11th , 12th
Art Therapy Healing Through
Art therapy is a professional practice meant to facilitate personal growth, promote emotional healing, and alleviate mental stressors through the use of expressive art forms.
By HEBA AKHDAR, Staff Writer
iiiiiWhile at Stanton College Preparatory School, students face various challenges and emotions influencing their overall well-being. A common way students deal with these circumstances is through various forms of art. Outside of Stanton, the practice of art being a tool for personal healing is known as art therapy. This process utilizes mediums of art to process internal emotions beneficially, therefore helping people manage and maintain their wellness. Nonverbal ideas, thoughts, or even traumas can be conveyed through creative works. Art therapy has become an invaluable resource, assisting individuals in improving their quality of life.
iiiiiA primary function of art therapy is to act as a decompressing mechanism. According to the American Art Therapy Association, when people face challenges that cannot be explained verbally, they use art to alleviate their stressors. The art created from therapy is not crafted with an intended purpose, nor is it meant to be perfect. Instead, one of its appeals comes from its focus on the healing process rather than the finished product.
iiiii“Art gives them something tangible to reflect on,” said Devon Schlegel, clinical director of the Indigo Art Therapy Studio located in Jacksonville. “[While] it is easy to just put words to [an event], it does not fully depict the experience. Making art allows for a deeper understanding and creates something both client and therapist can process together.”
iiiiiThis deeper understanding can be achieved through using different mediums of art. Art therapy can be conducted through music, literature, visual arts, and other forms as outlets for self-expression and personal growth. Each medium has its own strengths appealing to different people. Some prefer listening to therapeutic music such as meditation music, while others may feel more comfortable engaging in a physical art form. While the most popular forms of art therapy involve drawing and painting, physical art can range from pottery to even design and architecture.
iiiii“Drawing and painting are typically the most approachable mediums [but] there are many things to take into consideration when deciding what materials to use with the client,” said Schlegel. “Art materials offer different structures. Colored pencils offer control and provide structure. On the other side of the spectrum, there are art materials that are hard to control like watercolor paint or clay. The art material is a metaphor for release and control.”
iiiiiIn art therapy, diversity and inclusivity are heavily emphasized. All participants bring their
own experiences and social circumstances to each session, making every session unique. iiiiiCulture is one of the most important influences on the emergence of art therapy. Exploring cultural richness contributes to the artistic value of the practice. Certain aspects of various cultures have also become a custom in the practice. For example, drawing or coloring mandalas are typical activities when partaking in art therapy. Additionally, providing a diverse representation of various backgrounds allows for an inclusive therapeutic environment.
iiiii“Art therapy is inherently therapeutic and has been used throughout cultures for hundreds of years,” said Schlegel. “Since I have joined the field, there has been more acknowledgement of the various cultures and societies that influenced art therapy.”
iiiiiThe practice of healing through art is not limited to certain groups or demographics. It can be used to help people of all ages and backgrounds cope with difficulties or stressors they face. Feelings
Junior Reyniel Obis participates in art therapy to channel his emotions.
photo by Camille Knight
infographic by Erica Truong
such as anxiety and depression are prevalent among people of varying races, classes, and ages. Art therapy can assist them with personal struggles traditional therapies cannot. More commonly, art therapy is used to aid children who struggle with communication and adults who have experienced childhood trauma. In this regard, it is utilized for its medicinal benefits where clinical experts employ both psychology and art to help participants.
iiiii “For kids and teens, [art therapy] gives them a different language. For adults, art provides an opportunity for [them] to try something they [believed] they were not good at,” said Schlegel. “[Art therapy is] deeper than just words. Therapy is for anybody who wants some perspective on their lives and relationships with others and themselves.”
iiiii The practice of using art as therapy can be traced back to the early 20th century when psychiatrist Margaret Naumburg first introduced art as a tool to improve mental well-being, incorporating Freudian theories in her sessions. Later on, the term art therapy was officially coined by Adrian Hill who used it for health purposes. In medical settings, art therapy was first implemented to help soothe the symptoms of tuberculosis patients. Since then, it has continuously aided people suffering from both physical and mental illnesses.
iiiii Research indicates art therapy can play a major role in relieving symptoms of depression and anxiety. In clinical studies conducted by researchers such as Professor David Gussak, art therapy has proven to be effective in promoting mental health. According to Crown Counseling, art therapy can reduce symptoms of stress, depression, and anxiety by 73%.
iiiii Various studies have demonstrated how art can be used as a support mechanism to help those dealing with serious illnesses. In one study published by the National Cancer Institute in 2019, 71% of cancer patients who engaged in art therapy reported a reduction in anxiety levels. Research has also shown how trauma survivors, including veterans, reported less Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder symptoms and significant improvements
in mental health after participating in art therapy sessions. People still affected by traumatic experiences have the opportunity to heal through art, fostering resilience and personal growth.
iiiii Although art therapy can involve elements of traditional therapy, there are differences between both practices. Art therapy creates methods of healing through the process of creating art works, whereas traditional therapy focuses on identifying specific emotions and thinking processes. In practice, art therapy is centered around using art as a form of communication while traditional therapies rely on verbal communication about feelings and thoughts. Despite their differences, both professional fields provide guidance and support for clients.
iiiii The practice of art therapy is distinguishably different from simply partaking in art. For art to be considered therapy, it must be administered by a licensed professional. These therapists possess a heightened sense of emotional intelligence due to their experiences and education which enriches the therapeutic experience.
iiiii “Art therapists are trained similarly to how talk therapists are trained,” said Schlegel. “If you are going to art therapy, you are going to therapy.”
iiiii Despite the activity not truly being therapy when done at home, art can still be helpful for students at Stanton who manage to utilize art in a restorative process independently. Especially for students, there are several appeals to using art to decompress. Extensive schoolwork and extracurricular activities may leave high schoolers feeling stressed and overwhelmed. Art can help them relieve suppressed emotions in a safe, nonjudgmental way.
iiiii “Art helps me relax and enjoy being lost in the moment without worrying about my problems,” said junior Sharanya Medimi.
iiiii Within Stanton, there are some clubs and organizations who incorporate art into their meetings. For instance, Stanton’s Knitting Club implements art on a bimonthly basis by allowing students to create intricate patterns and
photo by Erica Truong
photos by Camille Knight
Junior Aarushi Koshal practices healing by creating a colorful mandala out of chalk at her neighborhood park.
designs. Creating these arrangements requires concentration allowing for mental clarity. In this way, students can experience emotional healing without anxious thoughts of schoolwork. According to members of the club, knitting also assists students with de-stressing.
iiiii “[Knitting] is a calming craft that gives [students] a space to sit with their thoughts and feelings,” said junior Indiana-Jones Pulumbarit, secretary of the Knitting Club. “It serves as a creative outlet for selfexpression through the different colors, stich types, and patterns they can incorporate into a project.”
iiiii Through high school clubs, students can incorporate therapeutic purposes of art early on in their lives. This will allow them to develop healthy habits transferring into their adult life. The consistent use of this practice empowers individuals to manage their emotions with resolve.
Although some students may desire to take the initiative to see a professional art therapist in their free time, prices can be out of reach for many of them. This may deter some students from participating. According to Everyday Health, prices
Words
That Heal
Although poetry therapy is a largely unknown practice, it is a proven method to help individuals deal with their emotions.
range from $100-$200 for a 60-minute session. This is inaccessible to most people, especially for students who are still in high school and are largely not able to afford this cost. They then must rely on other alternatives to support their mental health.
iiiii Because of factors like the price of scheduling art therapy appointments, professional art therapy is not a popular practice among those at Stanton. Even if students can afford the price, there are few local art therapy institutes to access. To compensate for actual therapy, some students seek their own healing through art independently.
iiiii “I use music and other types of art to calm myself down,” said sophomore Sameer Hereiki. “It helps me study faster and destress.”
iiiii Stanton also provides students different chances to engage in various mediums of art. For example, during Blue Devil Periods, teachers offer students the opportunity to paint glass, sculpt, or participate in other art practices to relax amid the stresses they face. These activities are designed to allow students to prioritize their emotional wellbeing while in school.
iiiiiStanton College Preparatory School students often associate poetry to a simple topic learned in their English classes. To them, the notion of using poetry in a healing way may seem foreign; however, it can be a key method in certain therapy practices. Specifically, poetry therapy uses the reading or writing of poetic works to assess a person’s emotions. Through language, symbolism, and other figurative elements, poetry therapy effectively helps its clients express their feelings.
iiiii Therapeutic applications of poetry are used at Hope at Hand, a Jacksonville based poetry project. There, Steffanie Fletcher, the certified applied poetry facilitator, works with people of different pasts to guide them in processing their emotions.
iiiii “[Like a] licensed mental health counselor who looks in the past [of a client] to figure out what is going on in the present, a poetry therapist does the same but through the use of poetry,” said Fletcher.
iiiii In a typical session, a therapist incorporates poetry by having their client read or write different poems. Certain works can reflect upon the person’s emotions, aiding the therapist in identifying underlying emotions and cognitive behaviors.
iiiii While poetry may seem like an atypical medium to heal, the practice is open to everyone. According to the National Association for Poetry Therapy, poetry therapy promotes personal growth, healing, and self-awareness without limitations on different demographics. At Hope at Hand, people of all backgrounds take part in the practice.
iiiii Their work uses poems focusing on teaching clients to realize they cannot change what has already happened. Instead, through therapy, clients learn how to handle what is to come. Even for disadvantaged groups, Hope at Hand makes sure to physically meet and work with them and share works meant to boost their sense of self.
iiiii From students facing difficulties in school to adults experiencing trauma, art therapy is meant for everyone. Although some believe it is reserved for people who are experienced with art, in reality, there are no requirements to partake in it. The product of art therapy is simply a representation of the emotions expressed during the healing process.
iiiii “You do not have to be good at art to do art therapy,” said Schlegel. “Adults at some point were told they were either good or not good at art, which [affected] their relationship with art their whole lives. In art therapy sessions, we help them unlearn that.”
iiiii The practice of art therapy promotes the healing journey of various individuals. It is a curative process, allowing participants to express themselves in a positive way. The combination of art and mental health within the therapy benefits people of diverse backgrounds and demographics. For students at Stanton, art can be an effective resource that helps them manage stress and stimulates their personal growth, greatly improving their well-being for years to come.
Through a poetic form, students can write down their thoughts and express bottled-up feelings they may have. Reading poetry also provides a cathartic effect by releasing strained feelings within certain individuals. Relating to written experiences allows people to understand emotions they may not be able to verbalize on their own. For students, works centered on self-esteem and confidence may be more relatable.
iiiii While the use of poetry in therapy can be effective, there has been a growing disinterest in poetry among students. Claims of its irrelevancy to modern times and overly complex nature have deterred students from exploring its possibilities, causing them to seek out more accessible forms of literature like novels. Its abstract nature and elaborate language lead some feeling disconnected to its content.
iiiii “Over time, I never got into poetry or found it interesting,” said freshman Anish Jawalkar. “Part of this is because for me, it is hard to understand at first glance. It takes extra time to process what the poems are saying compared to a book or article.”
iiiii Poetry therapy has the potential to change people’s lives for the better and help them understand how they feel and reflect on it. Although it may seem to be uninteresting and complex, with time, it can turn into a serious outlet for people of all ages. Its benefits come from the time and effort taken to seriously analyze the complex elements making up poems.
iiiii Poetry has also been seen as an outlet for students at Stanton. Students like sophomore Alyssa Casullo use poetry to learn more about themselves and realize what exactly they feel.
By RAMKUMAR SRIDHAR, Staff Writer
iiiii “For example, [we go to jails and work] with teenagers. I do not need to know anything else other than they are in jail,” said Fletcher. “All of our poetry lessons deal with confidence, self-esteem, choice, and change. Everything we do wraps around those four concepts.”
iiiii The use of poetry can also be an efficient form of self-expression for students at Stanton.
iiiii “Poetry has given me an outlet to express how I truly feel about a subject matter without explicitly stating my opinion,” said Casullo. “It has allowed me to discover a true, raw version of myself in a way I never thought possible.”
iiiii The practice of poetry therapy can help people regardless of all backgrounds. It effectively allows individuals to process their feelings through unconventional means. By focusing on selfexpression, individuals can heal in ways unlike any other literary forms.
SURVIVING 204
Lineart by CAMILLE KNIGHT, Staff Photographer
Coloring by EMERY GALE MACADAAN, Contributing Artist
Lettering by AMINA UMAR, Associate Art Director
Threads of Meaning
As it continues to evolve, language cultivates connections while fostering cultural and personal identities.
By ELLE WIGHT, Staff Writer
Language serves as the framework for connection between people. Not only is it important for communication, but it acts as a diverse form of expression for individuals. Whether it is through writing, art, or speaking, language allows people to express complex feelings and emotions. Dialect and knowledge are strongly related, as language allows society to preserve and spread ideas. As vocabulary continues to evolve, it serves as the foundation for culture and lifestyle. This is prevalent at Stanton College Preparatory School, where the diversity of the student body showcases numerous different languages, emphasizing the distinct cultures and backgrounds present in the school.
“It is a great thing to be able to come into a classroom and not only see the diversity of the student body but hear it through the different languages students can speak,” said Stanton Spanish teacher Mrs. Norma Crespo-Lowery. “Language is not just [about] what you speak, it [also] brings in cultural knowledge.”
Both in the classroom and the world at large, language plays a key role in communication and shapes how we understand and relate to one another. For thousands of years, people have connected through language by sharing knowledge and building relationships. Not only is dialect the primary medium for relaying ideas, it also serves as a foundation for values and lifestyle. Much of an individual’s beliefs are connected to heritage, and language serves as a link between heritage and everyday life.
“Speaking a second language makes me feel way more connected to my culture,” said freshman Saanvi Vaddiparti. “Especially when I am speaking it to people of my culture, it makes me feel like one of them.”
Language is a powerful way to connect to culture. Because of this, many bilingual students use their language skills to strengthen bonds with family members, fostering a deeper sense of cultural connection. Language acts as a bridge which helps preserve cultural traditions, values, and identities within communities. Individuals can connect with
various groups of people, whether it is friends, family, or just the community surrounding them.
“I am able to be a part of both American and French cultural groups,” said senior Maxim Drexler. “[I have] family in both the United States and France, and I am able to participate in both cultures.”
For Drexler and many others, shared language fosters a sense of belonging, allowing individuals to connect on a deeper level and create a sense of cultural cohesion. For several students, language is a part of their societal identity. Language relates a person to who they are by connecting them to where they come from.
Language serves as a link to ancestry for numerous people, preserving the diversity of human culture. The diversity of languages highlights the diversity of cultures, not only at Stanton, but in the
world at large. With numerous languages spoken in these individuals’ everyday lives, it fosters a strong, diverse community of people that accept and relate to one another. Students can take on different identities through language, experiencing unique roles and interpretations depending on the language in which they are conversing.
“My personality in English is different compared to my personality in Telugu,” said junior Sharanya Medimi. “It is two different sides of my life.”
For bilingual individuals like Medimi, personal identity can be different among languages. The idea that one’s sense of identity is connected to language is not just a theory but is also backed by evidence. According to a 2019 study conducted by Samuel Evans, a lecturer in Neuroscience and Psychology, and other professionals, people who speak multiple languages often report they think differently depending on which language they are using. The National Library of Medicine suggests individuals make more rational decisions in their non-native language. There are fewer biases affecting decisions in their second language, which is called cognitive distancing effect. The concept that language can influence thinking is called linguistic relativity, a common term used in psychology. It proposes language can impact the way people perceive the world and categorize information, especially for those who are bilingual. Speaking multiple languages also allows individuals to relate to different parts of the world, branching out from where they currently live.
“Being bilingual is a big part of who I am,” said junior Ina Sumanjski. “[Speaking multiple languages] allows you to unlock another part of the world for yourself.”
Like Sumanjski, a large portion of the general public speak more than one language, with approximately 43% of the population being considered bilingual, according to the Journal of Neurolinguistics. Like much of the global population, numerous Stanton students learned a second language at a young age; 42% can speak more than one language fluently. Bilingualism enhances
The Spanish bulletin board in Stanton’s world language building highlights and celebrates Hispanic culture.
The languages junior Sharanya Medimi speaks are intertwined with her culture and form her identity.
photo by April Horn
photo by April Horn
communication while simultaneously playing a crucial role in fostering brain development.
“Research on learning a second language reveals differences in kids’ executive function subareas of task switching, inhibition, and problem solving,” said Dr. Katrina Hall, a professor at the University of North Florida who has a doctorate in Curriculum and Instruction with a focus in Literacy. “It takes control to keep two languages separate and respond appropriately in the correct language. [Speaking two languages] leads to better academic performance in schools and [helps with] read[ing] social cues and expressions.”
These cognitive benefits of being bilingual can significantly assist students in school. According to a 2019 study conducted by the University of Washington, speaking multiple languages gives students a deep understanding of vocabulary, allowing them to perform better academically. Knowledge in one language can often help facilitate understanding of words in another.
“I like to take pride in the fact I am bilingual,” said sophomore Josecarlos Martinez-Chavez. “It helps me when understanding certain vocabulary words,
[especially] prefixes. Overall, being bilingual helps me communicate with a large amount of people in my day-to-day life.”
While some bilingual individuals take pride in their languages, there are struggles many bilingual individuals face. The world is extremely diverse, with over 7,000 different languages spoken across the globe. This diversity of language can create separations among people. Some bilingual individuals struggle with feeling disconnected based on their differences in language.
“I do not know [many people] who speak Polish,” said junior Ania Villas. “[Speaking Polish] reminds me of where my mom came from, but I cannot relate [that part of my identity] to anything here.”
Some feel disconnected based on differences in language which can create divides among people in society. While diverse languages and ways of speaking are often viewed positively, there is still a stigma that can come with bilingualism. People who speak various languages often experience negative stereotypes or prejudices related to their way of speaking.
“People have said mean things [about my] accent,
Slang Through the Years...
[assuming] I do not speak English,” said Stanton Principal Mrs. Nongongoma Majova-Seane, who was born in South Africa and speaks fluent Xhosa. “Instead, we [should] look at the world [as a whole, recognizing] diversity, and treat everyone [equally]. Just because you have an accent does not mean you do not speak English.”
Stanton students can experience this diversity in the world language department, where students are able to experience many different languages. Stanton world language teachers create numerous opportunities for students to learn a new language while also experiencing cultural connections to the language. Throughout Stanton’s language building,
“Instead, we [should] look at the world [as a whole, recognizing] diversity, and treat everyone [equally].”
—Mrs. Nongongoma Majova-Seane
there are many pieces of art which allow students to connect what they learn in their world language class to the real world, and the countries the languages originate from.
Not only does language influence art, but it serves as the foundation for expression through writing. Writing styles like poetry and creative writing are crafted with specific vocabulary to bring the writing to life. These expressive words influence poetry and other forms of writing by shaping the sound, imagery, and overall meaning of the piece. However, individuals can still express language without writing or speaking.
Although language serves as a primary mode of connection between people from various generations, there are significant differences in vocabulary among age groups. Language naturally evolves as new generations adopt distinct words and phrases. Shifts in language are often influenced by cultural changes and technological advancements. With the rise of digital communication among youth, unique forms of communication have evolved among Millennials and Generation Z. Despite this, people of all ages often experience code switching,
photo by April Horn
Stanton Latin teacher Mrs. Janice Lee teaches students the foundations of Latin that influence many languages spoken today.
infographic by Lindsay Johnson
which is changing between multiple languages or dialects in conversation depending on who they are conversing with. There are also different styles of speaking; formal language is more professional and less personal while informal language is casual. This causes communication styles to differ based on whether an individual is conversing with a close friend versus a teacher or colleague.
“I [tend to use] informal communication like abbreviations, emojis, and slang with my peers, but my communication [is more formal] with my teachers,” said Drexler.
Similar to changes in communication style, language changes generationally as well. Generational changes in language are profoundly intertwined with cultural shifts. Each age group grows up with a unique culture and environment, influencing their speaking and writing. These generational changes in vocabulary include distinctive differences in slang. Slang highlights the evolution of language in everyday life. Younger generations are active on social media platforms, utilizing their fast-paced nature to share and spread new slang terms. Instagram, TikTok, X, and Snapchat are popular platforms that emphasize trending content and introduce users to slang terms rising in popularity. Words like “cap,” “sus,” “rizz,” and “lowkey” are a few examples of Gen Z’s expanded vocabulary. Many of these slang terms were introduced to the public via social media, spreading throughout the younger generations.
“Every few years the slang [students use] changes,” said Mrs. Crespo-Lowery. “I consider it part of my job to keep current and know what the [slang words] mean because I hear [them] in the classroom [daily].”
The diversity of language also allows individuals to connect by advocating for what they believe in. Social media has increased activism for various social issues. People of all ages can reach an audience and stand up for causes they believe in, using their voice to promote change in society. Digital activism, including online petitions and hashtag activism, gained popularity on social media. Activism has evolved from previously being primarily physical forms of protest to now being heavily achieved through digital platforms. Language plays a significant role in modern day activism, with the majority of protests done through ideas shared online with words, showcasing countless languages and differing communication styles. Powerful word choice helps elevate activism, especially through social media.
Whether it is through activism or not, language allows people to express ideas and morals, along with advocating for change. Diction allows those of all ages to use their voice to advocate for what they believe in, allowing individuals to articulate their concerns and ultimately advocate for social change. Through language, everyone has equal opportunity to speak their mind and make a difference.
Language is a personal element of human connection that continues to evolve. Whether through cultural representation, personal identity or everyday communication, dialect allows society to cultivate relationships. The diversity of language allows individuals to express various ideas and create connections among languages. Despite some challenges and barriers, language is the heart of how people relate to one another and understand the evolving world.
Lost in Translation
Junior Sriya Vemuri explores her experience with bilingualism and how it affects her identity.
By SRIYA VEMURI, Staff Writer
Speaking multiple languages is a common aspect of many households. Language does not just consist of talking to friends and learning new vocabulary, it is a part of culture and identity. For bilingual individuals, speaking multiple languages often means living in different spheres. They might go from speaking one way at school to switching to another when at home. While alternating languages may not be common for everyone, it can be a vital part of the identity of those who are bilingual.
At Stanton College Preparatory School, the variety of languages spoken is a part of what makes the community so diverse. Walking through the hallway, students cam be heard speaking a variety of languages. For many students, knowing multiple languages is a normal aspect of their lives.
As a first generation American-Indian who has lived in the United States my whole life, I have experienced this directly. At home, my family speaks one of India’s native languages, Telugu. Our conversations carry the themes of the language I grew up appreciating. I still recall as a child, my mom singing me to sleep in our native language. The soft rhythm of her voice carried a sense of warmth. It was more than a song, but a part of me. That song represented the culture I was raised with.
“Our conversations carry the themes of the language I grew up appreciating.”
My father was always a strong advocate for me knowing my native language. He often reminded me language is more than just words, but also history and identity. This is why when I was young, my parents always spoke Telugu, allowing me to learn it as I grew up. When I eventually started going to preschool, I was given a platform to meet new people and learn English. I quickly became used to switching between English at school and Telugu at home.
Knowing both languages has allowed me to form some of the most important connections in my life. As my parents first moved to the United States, we met other families like us and I was able to form bonds with some of my current best friends. The shared language spoken between the families has allowed us to celebrate traditional holidays and events even though we are not living in India, thus keeping the culture alive.
Navigating between two languages is not always easy. There are moments when I cannot find the right word, or times when people mock my American accent when speaking Telugu. It was a common occurrence for some people to praise my brother for having a better accent than me. These
experiences used to make me self-conscious and question how connected I was to my culture. However, over time I realized bilingualism is not about perfection, but about connection and communication. It is about understanding the language.
“Knowing both languages has allowed me to form some of the most important connections in my life.”
Despite the challenges, some of my best memories are long distance phone calls with family in India. Listening to their familiar voices always helped me feel at home. At times, it would be hard to keep up with such a fast flow of conversation, but they always reminded me language is not about being perfect, but about connecting with others. Although I am not perfect, I know enough of the language to be able to communicate, which is what is important. Bilingualism plays a crucial role in today’s diverse world. For me and many other students, speaking multiple languages is second nature. Piecing together these different pieces of my life can be difficult, but knowing my language allows me to live my culture every day. Whether I am speaking English at school or Telugu at home, each language allows me to connect to a different culture, both of which are both important to my identity.
Staff Writer Sriya Vemuri experiences both the highs and lows of being bilingual.
photo by April Horn
ATHLETE WITHIN SPORTS ATHLETE
Students often explore various sports to uncover their interests and talents, but the demanding commitments can lead them to rethink their athletic plans.
By GABRIELLE DOSDOS, Staff Writer
For student-athletes, choosing where they devote their time and energy is a valuable but challenging task since their choices shape their skills and future opportunities. From late-night practices to attentive study sessions, time is critical when navigating a rigorous schedule. Choosing between a single sport and playing multiple requires careful consideration as students must balance their academic responsibilities with their athletic commitments throughout the school year. While dedicating oneself entirely to a sport can foster excellence, playing multiple sports can broaden skills and experiences. Ultimately, these decisions influence their athletic paths and shape their identity and personal growth.
Somewhere along their sports journey, many Stanton College Preparatory School students decide whether to play multiple sports or specialize in one. Focusing on a single sport may increase the risk of physical burnout, but intense practice could also result in more refined skills as the athlete matures. Conversely, engaging in various sports allows students to improve various body mechanics and develop new techniques which transfer to their primary sport.
“If you only play one sport, you miss out on sports diversification,” said Matthew Silvis, a professor of Family and Community Medicine at Penn State, in a 2018 Penn State Research Enterprise article analyzing the sports histories of professional and collegiate ice hockey players. “We have seen a lot of professional athletes coming out in support of [sports diversification], saying that by playing a lot of sports you will learn many skills and work different muscle groups that will help you if you specialize in one sport later.”
An athlete’s identity is multifaceted and shaped by several factors, including time management, connections within the athletic world, and life lessons. However, student-athletes often share similar experiences, both positive and negative. These may include physical or mental setbacks which prevent athletes from reaching their full potential or maintaining motivation. Such challenges may feel more overwhelming for singlesport athletes, who focus solely on one discipline. In contrast, multi-sport athletes may take setbacks less personally, finding strength or success in other sports. These differences influence how athletes develop resilience and adaptability, shaping how they handle future difficulties.
“Being a multi-sport athlete shaped my identity because I base a lot of my activities around
athletics,” said senior Catherine Brewer, a golf, basketball, and flag football player. “When you are not playing sports, you lose [association with] yourself. Socially, [I] met a lot of people while playing these different sports [and have found] most of my friends.”
Beyond the physical aspects, social considerations also influence the decision to specialize in or play multiple sports. Focusing on one sport provides access to college connections, including coaches and recruiters, solidifying a foundation for both athletic and academic growth. Additionally, it fosters networking and interpersonal skills, which are valuable in professional settings.
“Committing to one sport allowed me to focus more on that,” said freshman basketball player Shivan Patel. “It lets me work harder instead of [training] for multiple things [and] hone my skills [more].”
While versatile student-athletes face unique challenges, both single and multi-sport athletes must balance athletics with academic stressors, as poor management can lead to physical and
mental health issues. Ineffective time management, for example, can hinder recovery and lead to fatigue. A study published in 2020 by Frontiers in Psychology examined the psychological and physical pressures faced by junior alpine skiers. Alongside academic stress, they spent countless hours studying, resulting in increased fatigue and sleep disturbances. These findings highlight how academic and athletic pressures shape how student-athletes view themselves, their capabilities, and their priorities, tying back to their overall personal identity.
Although there is no standardized approach for student-athletes to follow, the skills gained–whether by specializing or diversifying–are invaluable. It takes perseverance to become a quality studentathlete, as maintaining grades and proficiency in sports is expected by professional environments. For many, these challenges shape their identity and build resilience. Even if some leave their sport, the lessons learned, and the fortitude developed during their time as student-athletes continue to influence how they manage real world challenges.
Senior Catherine Brewer showcases her athletic versatility at Stanton by participating in multiple sports, including golf, basketball, and flag
photo by Garrett Lawrence
FIT TO
Changes within physical education programs in school has caused a reduction in physical activity.
By AUDREY PARMAN, Staff Writer
SUCCEED
Stanton College Preparatory School has long been recognized for its academic excellence, but it is less well known for its physical education offerings. While physical education has been part of Stanton’s curriculum for many years, the only mandatory PE class as of the 2022-23 school year is Health Opportunities through Physical Education, which is exclusive to freshmen enrolled in the Honors program.
According to its description on CPALMS, Florida’s official website for course information, HOPE combines classroom learning principles with physical application. Course benchmarks include topics such as nutrition, substance use, internet safety and injury and disease prevention, with physical activity remaining a central component. The purpose of HOPE is to serve as a resource for students to understand the importance of physical health through both exercise and education.
“[We] start with a warmup, then talk about the topic of the day,” said coach Christopher Crider, Stanton Athletic Director and HOPE teacher. “[After that,] we go outside [for] physical activity on the track [then] come back inside [for] either a health or PE lesson.”
Though HOPE teachers approach the class differently, this structure allows Coach Crider to meet all of the course’s requirements. However, time constraints often leave little room for exercise, given the amount of material that must be covered. While PE is part of the curriculum, physical activity is not always a primary focus in this class. Some students, for instance, report doing homework rather than taking advantage of time available for exercise.
“In HOPE, we would walk the track and then come back inside and do a HOPE assignment,” said junior Lucy Cooke. “Afterward, if we had time, we could work on homework.”
Cooke took HOPE as a freshman and was part of the first class affected by the change in the 202223 school year. Her experience with the class does not differ significantly from what it was in previous years. Senior Veda Kapadia also notices minor differences between her experience and what she has observed in today’s HOPE classes.
“HOPE was a chill class freshman year. [But] I have noticed [teachers] have been way more lenient in terms of dressing out, which was a requirement for us,” said Kapadia.
STUDENT PE PERSPECTIVES
According to a student form completed by 120 Stanton students
Do you think the current PE curriculum at Stanton promotes physical fitness and health?
Do you think every freshman should be required to take HOPE?
PROGRAM
infographic by Mena Alchi
Balancing homework and sports, senior Anirudh Pokala sets aside his basketball shoes, emphasizing the weight of academics before practice.
photo by Garrett Lawrence
Kraus-Weber Test
THE EVOLUTION OF SCHOOL FITNESS
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020
This reported leniency, while a small change, reflects the suggested decrease in the rigor of PE courses. The National Institutes of Health link a decline in the rigor of PE courses with a growing emphasis on standardized testing. The NIH suggests this trend, in particular, accelerated following the enactment of the No Child Left Behind Act in 2001, which prioritized academic achievement and standardized testing across the nation. As a result, children have had fewer opportunities to explore and develop healthy habits, making it harder for them to maintain physical activity.
In the past, PE courses were different as they initially served to keep young men in shape during times of war. Physical education was introduced to the United States around the 1820s, according to Harvard University’s biography of Charles Beck, who is credited with bringing it to the U.S. Early PE classes focused heavily on athletic growth and achievement.
Today, there are also electives that go beyond traditional PE courses and direct focus entirely toward physical activity, specifically by providing an opportunity to practice a sport. Stanton offers some of these, such as the tennis and volleyball courses, but many students choose not to take them because the courses are unweighted, which can negatively impact their GPA. To compensate for the reduced emphasis on PE at school, various students find other ways to stay in shape. Some go to gyms or participate in sports, both on and off campus.
“I maintain a healthy amount of exercise every week,” said freshman Kimiko O’Connor. “I stay active by going on frequent runs and incorporating weightlifting to ensure I am fit for the upcoming [soccer] season. I currently play club soccer and [am on the girls] varsity soccer [team at] Stanton. After a good workout, I feel refreshed, [and] soccer brings me joy [since] I get to do it with my friends.”
O’Connor is enrolled as an International Baccalaureate student and, as a result, does not take a HOPE class. Despite this, she gets sufficient exercise through extracurricular activities. Some students, on the other hand, struggle to find time for physical activity, which contributes to the overall decline.
“I do not get enough [exercise,]” said sophomore Neha Ananth. “I spend more time on homework. [However,] I do play tennis a couple times a week.”
The 2023 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System survey found 76.1% of children do not
meet the recommended 60 minutes of exercise per day. It also revealed 81.0% of students had not attended a PE class in the five days prior to taking the survey. These concurrent trends may be strongly influenced by the academic prioritization at Stanton.
“I know there is an emphasis on weighted classes and having the highest GPA, but I really wish we could make [HOPE for IB students] work,” said Coach Crider. “Exposure to PE and health is even more important because it is not happening at home regularly.”
In addition to the changes in the amount of physical activity students are getting through PE classes, the way they are tested has also evolved. PE testing is generally considered to have begun with the Kraus-Weber test, which measured athletic abilities such as core strength and flexibility. The Presidential Fitness Test was later adopted in 1966, gaining popularity throughout the 1970s for its rigor and toughness, until it was discontinued in 2012 in favor of less competitive replacements. For example, the FitnessGram Pacer test is now an official assessment of athletic ability in the United States, though it is not used at all schools, including Stanton. The only testing for HOPE is a statewide End-of-Course exam, which does not
by
assess physical fitness, but rather knowledge of health concepts.
“The only [PE test] I had to take was the EOC at the end of HOPE,” said sophomore Ella Dioso. “We just sat down with our computers and took [it].”
Even if students’ physical fitness is not assessed in school, there are still ways to monitor it. For example, wearable fitness trackers have become more popular. Watches like those from Apple, Garmin and Fitbit track statistics such as heart rate, steps taken, and workout data. Just as students can get physical activity outside of school, these devices provide a way to compensate for what HOPE or other gym classes may lack.
Changes in what a PE class entails over the years have not completely prevented students from staying in shape, despite potential external challenges. Other options, such as gym memberships or buying fitness trackers, can be expensive and finding an hour each day for exercise can be time-consuming. Regardless, physical activity remains crucial for good health. In fact, NIH studies reveal how exercise provides a variety of advantages, like reduced stress levels and a lower risk of disease. Even if maintaining a daily habit of moderate exercise is challenging, getting any activity as often as possible is still beneficial.
2020 WFA
photo by Garrett Lawrence
Students like junior Avisa Rezaei set aside what should be time for exercise to diligently work on their homework
infographic
Mena Alchi
OPINIONS
DEVIL’S ADVOCATE
Est. 1983 I Stanton College Preparatory School
2024-2025 Editorial Board
Grace Larson
Shravya Nalla
Amani Okero
Katya Sniriova Rowan Kershner
Editor-in-Chief
Managing Editor
Layout and Design Editor
Business Manager
Digital Media Editor
iiiiiDevil’s Advocate serves as the official newspaper of Stanton College Preparatory School. It is produced quarterly by members of the Journalism class. The editors reserve the right to edit any material submitted into the paper for content, grammar, length and accuracy.
iiiiiDevil’s Advocate is a public forum for student expression, which encourages free exchanges of opinions concerning controversial and noncontroversial community and school related issues. The advertisements and ideas expressed within the newspaper are not necessarily those of the newspaper staff, Stanton administration, or the Duval County Public School Board.
iiiiiDevil’s Advocate accepts advertisements from all businesses in the Stanton community. The ad contract can be given to a staff member or newspaper adviser Mr. Larry Knight.
iiiiiReaders may contact any staff member or the adviser at (904) 630-6760 or at knightl1@duvalschools.org.
by Garrett Lawrence
Letter from the Editor
My early childhood is easily defined by my enrollment in Beauclerc Elementary School’s dual language program. With my core subjects being taught in both Spanish and English, I quickly became immersed in both the dialect and culture. Observing the customs of my friends from varying Hispanic countries, I learned to approach the world with a more open mind. I have since carried this trait with me in my time at Stanton College Preparatory School, which houses a diverse community.
The Stanton student body is composed of a variety of cultures, similarly fostering a diverse perspective among peers. Between world language classes, clubs, and friends, students can learn about different cultures. Devil’s Advocate has explored this concept in this issue’s Features story, “Threads of Meaning,” by staff writer Elle Wight. The story centers around the ability of language to unify whole communities through not just communication, but also identity and culture.
This is further discussed by staff writer Sriya Vermuri in “Lost in Translation,” in which she explores bilingualism through a personal lens that offers insight into experiences much of the student body can relate to. While each language is different and rooted in a unique set of cultural and historical bounds, they all succeed in fostering a sense of belonging. These languages unite communities, as they allow individuals to better understand one another.
Generational Gap
By THE EDITORIAL BOARD
In recent years, the cultural contrast between generations has grown sharper, sparking debate amongst them. As this discourse grows more heated, it is important to understand there are both similarities and differences between each group. Rather than making these disparities a point of divergence, people should honor them by learning about what makes each generation unique.
The individuality of each age group is based on the historical differences that define them. Baby Boomers, or those born between 1946 and 1964, are largely defined by the post-World War II and Great Depression era. Their connection to this historic event contributes to the separation they feel from younger populations, like Generation Z. Unlike Baby Boomers, these individuals, born between 1981 and 2012, are categorized by the exponential growth of technology and social media–a drastic change from older generations’ challenging childhoods.
These differences in upbringing have created a generational gap, which refers to the divergence in thought between each generation. In 2024, Pew Research Center recorded that 79% of the public believed there to be a generational gap. This is up 20% from the results recorded by CBS and The New York Times in 1979. This increase can likely be attributed to cultural distinctions that have furthered the divide between different age groups.
Apart from historical differences, generations may also feel defined by a unique set of fads that characterized their upbringing. Minor stylistic trends, like skinny jeans, low-rise clothing, and hair parts, have sparked a series of debates over differences in culture. With such discussions occurring on social media, it has become increasingly evident these platforms further the divide between generations. By offering a space for such discussion and the portrayal of each generational stereotype, social media has worsened the discrepancies amongst different age groups.
This lack of empathy is apparent in the frequent argument over which generation had a superior childhood. The subjective perspective shared by these individuals who wish to claim superiority over other generations is rooted in nostalgia. This feeling connects all generations, as they reminisce on key features of their childhood, like TV shows, movies, and music. Their attachment to such media should not be a means to foster unfriendly discourse, but instead be used as an opportunity to learn more about each other. Younger age groups can study the past, while older ones can become more in-tune with the present. Instead of capitalizing on the opportunity to separate themselves, people should take advantage of the chance to learn from these disparities and adopt a more accepting perspective. This would allow generations to see past surface level differences, like slang, cellphone use, and clothing trends, to better understand one another. Apart from being separated by minor distinctions, each generation is connected by an array of commonalities, part of which comes from their determination to separate themselves from the past to better establish a unique identity. This desire to stand out and create a difference in the world is something shared by each generation. Rather than using it to spark hatred, the wish for change should foster a sense of community. All generations can relate to this desire, offering a common bond between these rather dissimilar age groups. By focusing on this desire to separate themselves from the past and the stereotypes that define them, these individuals can work towards fostering a more united world. Learning about the experiences and unique traits of other age groups can allow for a world based on understanding. This can lessen the generational gap that separates today’s population, replacing it with a world based on acceptance.
photo
artwork by Amina Umar
As major companies block the content found on their apps behind paywalls or increased their subscription prices, financial strains and wealth gaps have arisen among consumers. Recently, in October 2024, Disney+ increased its ad-free rate price from $10.99 to $13.99 per month. This service is one of the numerous companies that have either shifted toward subscription-based models or raised subscription fees. Only some consumers can afford these subscriptions which highlight the nation’s wealth divide by charging for whole access. At Stanton College Preparatory School, these disparities are evident, as not all students can pay for access to these platforms.
Rising subscription costs leave many unable to access basic features, raising accessibility concerns by unintentionally excluding lowerincome demographics, especially those relying on the media to stay informed. News services, including The New York Times have removed free access to their content behind paywalls charging readers $25 for full access to news content. Forbes reported in 2024 prices have increased by $1–2, with some spiking by $6 monthly. These platforms prioritize profit over user experience along with adding intrusive ads that harm functionality. `
Everybody lies, and for all sorts of reasons: to avoid conversations, to pull someone into a situation, to spread false beliefs, to try to skirt consequences. These lies are a byproduct of communication, as all languages serve as methods of communication, and consequently can be used as tools for equivocation and misrepresentation. Through their use of language, people are inherently liars; the persistence of deception regardless of the damage it causes proves this.
Education expands one’s knowledge, and therefore, their capability to deceive. As an educational institution, Stanton College Preparatory School teaches about Aristotle’s rhetorical appeals, universal methods of persuasion. While teaching students these appeals allows them to acknowledge how these appeals may be used against them, it also offers students the opportunity to abuse them. Deception is not dependent on education, though. A study conducted in 2008 by the American Psychological Association reported children from 3-years-old onwards are capable of telling lies. Education simply gives children the tools to enhance their deception.
We Deserve Access
By ASHLEY WANG, Staff Writer
The growing trend of monetizing essential services restricts underfunded schools with subscription costs to quality learning materials. Educational apps like BrainPOP and Grammarly provide personalized and valuable tools to improve understanding and help students develop essential skills, yet they require paid subscriptions. This denies students’ ability to reach their full potential in low-budget schools. By locking interactive lessons and advanced tools behind paywalls, students are denied equitable learning opportunities.
Beyond education, individuals are further separated by the entertainment opportunities available to different economic wealth groups that favor higher class. For example, TikTok’s promotion feature favors wealthy creators who pay for visibility, leaving others overshadowed. Similarly, pay-to-win mechanics in video games give paying players an unfair advantage often at the expense of non-paying users. Within these games, progression is tied to purchasing bundles or in-game currencies which ultimately drives players to develop resentment toward these systems.
The growing dependence on subscriptions reflects societal wealth gaps where higher-income users can afford premium features and unlock better experiences. In an online survey conducted in December 2024 among Stanton students, 95% of the 145 respondents believed companies are becoming more profit-driven with the rise of
Language of Lies
By OSCAR STONE, Staff Writer
With students being taught how to recognize and understand methods of persuasion in the classroom, people start to realize just how prevalent lying is in society. For example, the most common reason people lie is to be polite. This practice is also known as telling “white lies”. According to a 2024 study conducted by the University of Wisconsin-La Crosse, the average person tells 1-2 lies a day, 88.6% of which fell into this category of “little white lies.” However, deception can also take a much more harmful shape.
The tobacco industry, for example, lied to the public for years when they knew smoking was
by Emily Zickuhr
subscription models, and 31% reported feeling belittled for not purchasing premium plans. For underprivileged students, this lack of access limits their ability to compete in a resource-driven world. Subscription models divide users, making premium features exclusive. While companies argue premium plans and advertisements are necessary to sustain high-quality services, it does not consider the advantages only premium users receive. The reliance on these revenue streams excludes a significant portion of users, reinforcing systemic inequalities. Companies must prioritize inclusivity and ensure essential features remain for all users, regardless of income.
addictive and carcinogenic. In order to continue to profit, they continued these lies even into the 1990s. In 1994, James W Johnston, the CEO of R.J. Reynolds went as far as to say, ”Smoking is no more addictive than coffee, tea, or twinkies.” This comparison misrepresented the addictive properties of tobacco and nicotine, which has shown itself to have dangerous consequences.
Lies by omission are also constantly being employed to misrepresent information and persuade people to a certain side. According to a 2020 study conducted by the Pew Research Center, around two-thirds of adults said that their preferred news outlet has reported one-sided facts. This exclusion of other points of view has been a primary cause of the growing political and social division in the United States.
Deception goes against the very principles we are taught from childhood, and yet it persists as an issue due to the benefits it poses to politicians and industries. While seemingly inconsequential, “white lies” can easily develop into mind-boggling systems of lies that people become lost in. Language is a tool, and like all tools, it may be used for good or bad, all the individual can do is try to use their voice to spread truth.
infographic
Columns published in the Devil’s Advocate represent the views of the writers, not those of the newspaper.
photo by Garrett Lawrence
photo by Garrett Lawrence
infographic by Emily Zickuhr
STANTON
2024 FAVES
Students of Stanton College Preparatory School voted on their favorites from 2024 in a conducted survey of 145 respondents. These are their top picks.
