DISPOSITIONS: Like Ephemeral Fibers on a City Map by dewil

DISPOSITIONS Like Ephemeral Fibers on a City Map

Photographs 2005â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2013 by Erik Dettwiler

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dewil.châ&#x20AC;&#x201D;2014 Edition Haus am Gern

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This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit ‹ creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ › or send a letter to Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, California, 94041, USA.

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Edition Haus am Gern - 2502 Biel/Bienne edition@hausamgern.ch | www.hausamgern.ch/verlag

1st edition, May 2014 printed and bound in Germany isbn: 978-3-9523691-7-3 • design and layout: dewil.ch production concept, idea and all photographs: Erik Dettwiler 4u@dewil.ch | www.dewil.ch cc - Berlin/Zurich - 2014

with substantial support of

DISPOSITIONS Like Ephemeral Fibers on a City Map Photographs (2005â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2013) by Erik Dettwiler

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Index

Preface/Vorwort 11

Photo Series, 2005â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2013 Berlin, Bucharest, Rome and South Africa

Architectonic Apparatus 19 8 9

Multiplicity 121

Passage to 221

Whiter ainâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t possible! 261

Untitled, Rome (and anywhere else) 311

Body Politics 349

Thanks to 399

Vorwort

In “DISPOSITIONS: Like Ephemeral Fibers on a City Map” vereinigt Erik Dettwiler konzeptuell angelegte

Fotoserien aus den Jahren 2005 bis 2013, die in europäischen Metropolen wie Rom, Bukarest oder 10

Berlin, aber auch im südafrikanischen Johannesburg

entstanden sind. Ausgerüstet mit Guy Debords situationistischen Begriff des “Dérive” und einem Fotoapparat in der Hand hat sich Erik Dettwiler in Rom, Bukarest, Berlin und Johannesburg in den jeweiligen Stadtfluss begeben und sich durch die urbanen Räume treiben lassen. Auf diesen Wanderungen sind Fotoserien entstanden, welche die Strukturen der Macht in ihren manchmal subtilen, aber auch manifesten Erscheinungsformen im städtischen Dispositiv aufzuspüren und auf ihr poetisches Potential abzutasten versuchen. Der programmatische Titel “DISPOSITIONS: Like Ephemeral Fibers on a City Map” verweist einerseits

auf eine Metapher: das situationistisches Dérive. Eine Person beugt sich über einen entfalteten Stadtplan, folgt virtuell den Wegen, während sich von ihrer Kleidung textile Fasern lösen und auf dem papiernen Straßennetz zu liegen kommen. Dabei entstehen unvorhergesehene Überlagerungen, die auf spontane

Preface

In “DISPOSITIONS: Like Ephemeral Fibers on a City Map”, Erik Dettwiler combines conceptually drafted photo series taken in the European metropolises of Rome, Bucharest, Berlin, and in South African Johannesburg, between 2005–2013. Equipped with Guy Debord’s situationist term “dérive” and a camera in hand, Erik Dettwiler headed off allowing himself to drift in the cityscapes’ urban flows of Rome, Bucharest, Berlin and Johannesburg. With this itinerary, several photo series developed, making sometimes apparent, at other times more subtle structures of power visible; while endeavoring to trace and explore manifestations of urban dispositives (apparatuses), and scanning their poetical potential. The programmatic title “DISPOSITIONS: Like Ephemeral Fibers on a City Map” refers in one way to a metaphor from the situationist dérive. It depicts a person bent over a spread out city map, on which virtual roads are followed, whilst textile fibers detach from the person’s garments and come to rest on that very map. Here, some unforeseen interactions occur which intersect in random ways with the previously walked routes, or simply open themselves

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Weise die begangenen Wegstrecken überschneiden oder neue Optionen öffnen. Durch eine unbedachte Handbewegung ordnen sich diese volatilen Fasern neu, sie bilden andere Teilabschnitte auf dem 12

Stadtplan – oder werden vom nächsten Lufthauch

erfasst und davon gewirbelt. Andererseits lässt sich der Titel auch mit den divergierenden Standpunkten erklären, welche den einzelnen Kapiteln zugrunde liegen und sich mit Macht als Dispositiv auseinander setzen. “Macht, die

stetig in Bewegung ist und andauernd reagiert und koordiniert, indem sie neu auftauchende Elemente zu integrieren versucht, oder einfach neue Fakten produziert, die ihr dienlich sein können.”1 Ein Spiel also mit vielen Positionswechseln, deren inneren Logik es entspricht, sich einer abschließenden Verortung geschickt zu entziehen. Die Fotoserien befassen sich mit sozialen, politischen und ökonomischen Fragestellungen. In ARCHITECTONIC APPARATUS werden Aufnahmen

von Siedlungsüberbauungen aus dem Vor- und Nachkriegsitalien in Rom mit Bildern von moderner Architektur aus den 1920er und 1930er Jahren in Bukarest gegenübergestellt und/oder mit utopisch 1)

(totalitär) anmutenden Architekturentwürfen des

2. Auflage, Stuttgart 2012, S. 99

20. Jahrhunderts konfrontiert. In PASSAGE TO

Stefan Münker u. Alexander Roesler, in Poststrukturalismus,

to new possibilities. By an unconscious movement of the hand, these volatile fibers are newly arranged, resulting in different intersections on the city map—or by chance a small current of air catches them, and twirls the fibers off the plan. In another way, the publication’s title can be made intelligible by the diverging attitudes, which underlie the single chapters: by exposing power as a concept of dispositiv (apparatus). “Power, is consistently in fluctuation and continuously reacts and coordinates, in an attempt to integrate newly emerging elements, or simply producing precedents which would be of use to it.”1 A game, therefore, in endless alteration of its own position. This condition corresponds with its intrinsic logic to elude skillfully, a final localization. The photo series consider social, political and economical questions. In ARCHITECTONIC APPARATUS photographs of housing developments from pre-war and post-war Italy in Rome are juxtaposed in opposition to images of modernistic architecture in Bucharest from the 1920s and 1930s. They are further confronted with the utopian (totalitarian) seeming architectural conceptions of the 20th century. In PASSAGE TO, the camera’s focus lies on

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richtet sich der fotografische Blick auf Passanten im urbanen Raum in Südafrika. Freie Bewegung ist immer relational bedingt. In diesem Fall fehlt es an privaten Transportmitteln und das öffentliche 14

Verkehrssystem ist zu wenig erschlossen. In der Regel

wird auf informelle Strukturen ausgewichen und gewisse Distanzen werden auch zu Fuß bewältigt. In der Serie BODY POLITICS werden großflächige Werbekampagnen untersucht, die Mode, Schönheitsund Luxusprodukte anpreisen, sowie Kinowerbung und politische Kampagnen im urbanen Raum verbreiten. Hier richtet sich das Augenmerk auf das Thema Körperdarstellung im Kontext von Werbebotschaften. In der schier endlosen Menge und Repetition von Stereotypen wird die unterminierte Integrität des Subjekts deutlich. Dabei wird zugleich deren Inszenierung hinterfragt, die sie auf ein und derselben Ebene mit den angepriesenen Produkten zu ebensolchen Objekten transformiert. Der horror vacui einer strauchelnden Ökonomie reflektiert das Kapitel WHITER AIN’T POSSIBLE! (Weißer geht’s nimmer!), das leere Billboards invertiert, d. h.

als Negativ wiedergibt. Die blanken Werbeflächen zeugen von einem schwierigen Marktumfeld und fear of empty space, visual art term

verkünden nur noch die Botschaft der verknappten

pedestrians in urban areas of South Africa. Free movement is always dependent on circumstances. In this case it is a lack of the private means of transportation and the public transport system being insufficient; the informal structures become established routes and certain distances are managed by foot. In the photo series BODY POLITICS extensive advertising campaigns are examined: fashion, beauty and luxurious products are on display. They are disseminated in the public realm along with cinema posters and political canvass. Here the attention is directed towards the representation of the body in the context of advertising messages. In the almost endless accumulation and in the repetition of stereotypes, the subverted integrity of the subject becomes evident. As a consequence the mise-enscène is questioned, which in the same vein transforms the subjects into the very same objects, similarly to the touted products. The horror vacui2 of a transgressing economy is reflected in the chapter WHITER AIN’T POSSIBLE!, where empty billboards are echoed as inverted images, i. e. photographic negatives. The blank advertising surface

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Werbemittel. Andererseits weisen diese Leerstellen auf die allegorische Möglichkeit hin, sie als mögliche Projektionsflächen für eigene Visionen, Vorstellungen und Fantasien im öffentlichen 16

Raum zu nutzen. Die verwandte Serie UNTITLED

ROME (AND ANYWHERE ELSE) untersucht jenen

Impuls, welcher ein Subjekt dazu veranlasst, seine eigene Botschaft auf performative Weise im Stadtraum einzuschreiben. Dieses Momentum wird mit einer Serie von äußerst direkten und unverblümten Graffitis illustriert, deren Inhalte und ikonografischen Botschaften eigentlich nur erschließen kann, wer das dem jeweiligen Milieu entsprechende Kontextwissen aufweist. Die in diesem Buch versammelten Fotoserien sind das Resultat einer klar subjektiven Sicht des Autors, der mit fotografischen Mitteln versucht, gesellschaftliche Dispositive in ihrem Kontext zu befragen, um dann durch erneutes Anordnen und Kombinieren, durch Gegenüberstellung und Differenzierung ihr verborgenes poetische Potential herauszuarbeiten. Diese Arbeit ist auch als Einladung an den Betrachter zu verstehen, die subjektive Sicht zu dekonstruieren, um sich dann zusammen mit dem Autor auf den flüchtigen Pfad des Poetischen zu begeben.

is an attester of a tough market economy, and is simply proclaiming a message of short cut advertisement budgets. Otherwise these blank boards indicate an allegorical prospect, namely to use these screens for oneâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s own visions, imaginations and fantasias in the public realm. The related photo series UNTITLED ROME (AND ANYWHERE ELSE) scrutinizes the impetus, that stimulates a subject to inscribe in a performative manner its own message in the public space. This momentum is illustrated with a sequence of utterly direct and blunt graffiti images, of which the content and iconographic messages can be deduced only in an intrinsic manner, when one possesses the contextual knowledge of a certain milieu. The collected series of this photo book are a result of the authorâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s distinct subjective approach, who with photographic means attempts to examine social dispositives (apparatuses) in a specific context, and to elaborate on their concealed poetical potential, with renewed arrangements and combinations, across juxtaposition and differentiation. Furthermore the work can also be understood as an invitation to the spectator, to deconstruct a subjective perception, and to proceed along with the author on the volatile path of the poetic.

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Architectonic Apparatus

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DADA Houses, Marcel Iancu (artist and architect, co-founder of Dadaism in 1916), Bucharest, March, 2006 19) Bazaltin Residential and Office Block, 1935 20) Villa Hermina Hassner, 1937 21) Villa Florica Reich, 1936 22) Herman Iancu Apartment House, 1926 23) Solly Gold Apartment House, 1934 24) Haimovici Vatarescu Apartment House, 1937 25) Villa Jean Juster, 1931

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Previous double page) ARO Building (1929–1930), Horia Creanga, Boulevard Magheru, Bucharest, May, 2008 30) Oversized real estate advertising—of Bucharest’s periphery—covers modernistic architecture in city centre, Balcescu Boulevard, Bucharest, October, 2008 31) Romanian Athenaeum (concert hall, 1888), Albert Galleron, Calea Victoriei, Bucharest, May, 2008

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32) Blocul Tehnoimport (1935–1936), Harry Stern and Rudolf Frenkel, Str. Doamnei, Bucharest, May, 2006 33) Halele Obor (market hall, 1936), Horia Creanga and Haralamb Georgescu, Obor, Bucharest, March, 2006 Next double page) Haimovici Vatarescu Apartment House (1937), Marcel Iancu, Bucharest, October, 2008

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36) Balcony from where Ceausescu had his last public appearance on December 21, 1989. Revolution Square, Bucharest, March, 2006 37) Casa Poporului (People’s House, 1984–1997), Anca Petrescu and a group of 700 architects, Bucharest, May, 2008

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38 + 39) View towards west from the deck of the National Museum of Contemporary Art (MNAC) at Casa Poporului (People’s House, 1984–1997), Bucharest, April, 2005

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Previous double page)â&#x20AC;&#x192; The Piata Romana featured a Capitoline She-Wolf statue from 1997 to 2010, a political symbol of Latinity. Bucharest, May, 2006 43)â&#x20AC;&#x192; Str. Remus and Str. Romulus, Bucharest, March, 2006

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44) Cathedral St. Joseph (1883), Friedrich Schmidt; (background) construction site of Cathedral Plaza (2005–2010), Vladimir Arsene, Bucharest, May, 2008 45) Construction site of Bucharest Tower Center (2008), Westfourth Architecture, Bucharest, May, 2008

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46) Villino A (1932–1934), Adalberto Libera, Ostia Lido, Rome, January, 2007 47) Detail: Villino A

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48) Basilica di San Giovanni Bosco (1959), Gaetano Rapisardi, Don Bosco, Rome, December, 2006 49) Sculpture in front of Palazzo della Civiltà Italiana; (background) Basilica dei Santi Pietro e Paolo (1932–1955), Arnaldo Foschini. EUR, Rome, March, 2006 Next double page) Detail: Palazzo della Civiltà Italiana (1938–1953), Ernesto Lapadula and Giovanni Guerrini, EUR, Rome, March, 2006

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52) Casa isolata a divisione orizzontale (1929), Mario De Renzi, Borgata Giardino Garbatella, Rome, December, 2006 53) Casa a divisione verticale (1929), Mario De Renzi, Borgata Giardino Garbatella, Rome, January, 2007. Situated in the industrial district of Ostiense, the Garbatella neighbourhood was primarily designed to house railway and dock workers built by the Istituto per le Case Popolari (ICP). The Garbatella distinguished itself from other ICP neighbourhoods in Rome by its experimental Garden City-influenced design, adapted for a Roman context. “The garden suburb of the Garbatella, 1920–1929: Defining community and identity through planning in post-war Rome.” Planning Perspectives 24, no. 4, October 2009

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55)â&#x20AC;&#x192; Albergo Suburbano (1930), Innocenzo Sabbatini, Garbatella, Rome, December, 2006

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57 + 57) Edificio del Lotto 27° (1931), Giuseppe Nicolosi, Garbatella, Rome, December, 2006

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58 + 59) Quartiere Valco San Paolo, INA-Casa (1949–1950), urban concept by Mario De Renzi and Saverio Muratori, Valco San Paolo, Rome, December, 2006

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60) Quartiere INA-Casa Tiburtino IV (1949–1954), urban concept by Ludovico Quaroni and Mario Ridolfi, Tiburtino, Rome, December, 2006 61) Detail: Torri INA (1951–1954), Mario Ridolfi and Wolfgang Frankl, Viale Etiopia, Nomentano, Rome, January, 2007

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62) Casa in Linea (front side), Quartiere Tuscolano II, INA-Casa (1950–1952), Mario De Renzi and Saverio Muratori, Tuscolano, Rome, December, 2006 63) Casa in Linea (back side) and Torre Stellare, Quartiere Tuscolano II, Rome, December, 2006

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64 + 65) Torri Stellari, Quartiere Tuscolano II, INA-Casa (1950–1952) Mario De Renzi, Tuscolano, Rome, December, 2006

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66) Chiesa di Dio Padre Misericordioso (2003), Richard Meier, Tor Tre Teste, Rome, December, 2005 67) Chiesa di San Policarpo (1960), Giuseppe Nicolosi, Tuscolano, Rome, December, 2006 Next double page) Chiesa di Santa Maria della Visitazione (1965–1971), Saverio Busiri Vici, Tiburtino, Rome, December, 2006

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70) Detail: Quartiere IACP Vigne Nuove (1971–1979), projected as self-sufficient city, Lucio Passarelli et al., Bufalotta, Rome, October, 2005 71) Quartiere IACP Vigne Nuove (1971–1979), Lucio Passarelli et al., Bufalotta, Rome, December, 2006 Next double page) Case IACP di Tor Sapienza (1975–1979), Alberto Gatti et al., Tor Sapienza, Rome, December, 2005

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74 + 75) Case a Schiera, Nucleo Sud (1959–1962), Robert Venturi & Denise Scott Brown et al., Ponte Mammolo, Rome, January, 2007

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76) Detail: Edificio ERP Nuovo Corviale, IACP (1972–1982), projected as self-sufficient city, Mario Fiorentino et al., Nuovo Corviale, Rome, March, 2010 77) Laurentino 38 (1974–1982), projected as self-sufficient city, Pietro Barucci et al., Vialle Filippo Tommaso Marinetti, Laurentino, Rome, January, 2007

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78 + 79) Details: Edificio ERP Nuovo Corviale, IACP (1972–1982), total building length approx 1 km, Mario Fiorentino et al., Nuovo Corviale, Rome, March, 2010 Next double page) Interbau 57, Corbusierhaus (Unité d’Habitation 1956–1958), Le Corbusier, Flatowallee 16, Berlin-Westend, March 2007. “The international architecture exhibit Interbau, which opened on July 6, 1957 in Berlin’s Hansa neighborhood, came to be seen as an example of Germany’s modernization and a side effect of the Cold War. In the early 1950s, West Berliners had been appalled by the view of the new socialist-style retail buildings along Karl-Marx-Allee in East Berlin and the enthusiasm with which the young GDR built its Workers’ Palace. As a counterweight to these large-scale Soviet building projects, the West decided to reinstate the tradition of architectural exhibitions”—www.dw.de, July 6, 2007

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Previous double page) Karl-Marx-Allee 1, Berlin-Mitte, February, 2010 (left) and Bikini-Haus (Paul Schwebes and Hans Schoszberger, 1955–1957) re-construction site; (background) Zoofenster (2008–2012), Christoph Mäckler, Budapester Straße, Berlin-Charlottenburg, March, 2012 (right) 84) IBA (Interbau) 1987, Towerhouse (1987-1989), Pietro Derossi and Klaus Kammann, Wilhelmstraße 110–120, Berlin-Mitte, March, 2007 85) Empty lot at backside of Axel-Springer-Haus on former border strip of the Berlin Wall, Sobotka & Müller (1961–1966) Stössner & Fischer (1992–1995), Zimmerstraße, Berlin-Mitte, March, 2007. OMA’s design for Axel Springer’s new media centre (2014–) has been chosen in the final round of a public design competition in April, 2014

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86) Haus der Kunst (is a non-collecting public museum), constructed from 1933 to 1937 following plans of architect Paul Ludwig Troost as the Third Reich’s first monumental structure of Nazi architecture, it became a Nazi instrument of propaganda. Photo: detail of Ai Weiwei’s art-intervention (building’s backside), Munich, November, 2009 87) Haus der Kunst (front side), name-sign installation during 2006 FIFA World Cup by Herzog & de Meron (architects), Munich, July, 2006. “Allianz had committed in 2008 to buying naming rights to the New Meadowlands Stadium [in New Jersey …] the Jets and the Giants pulled out of talks after publicity over the company’s role in insuring Nazi facilities, including Auschwitz [concentration camp …]”—NYTimes, June 1, 2011

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88) Former border strip of the Berlin Wall, cnr Brunnenstraße and Bernauer Straße, Berlin-Mitte, March, 2007 89) Private Gallery Building, Museum Island (2003–2007), David Chipperfield Architects, Am Kupfergraben 10, Berlin-Mitte, August 2007

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90) Cnr Brunnenstraße and Demminer Straße, Berlin-Mitte, March 2008 91) Czech—former Czechoslovakian—embassy (1974–1978), Vera & Vladimir Machonin, Wilhelmstraße 21, Berlin-Mitte, March, 2007

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92) Estrel Residence Hotels (1994–1995), Hennes & Tilemann, Sonnenallee 225, Berlin-Neukölln, June, 2007 93) Fellini Residence Project, cnr Kommandantenstraße and Beuthstraße; (background) Wohnensemble Leipziger Straße (1970–1972), Johannes Gitschel et al., Berlin, May, 2010

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94) Apartment block (1980s, 2000s), Elsa-Brändström Straße, Berlin-Pankow, April 2012 95) Apartment block (1980s, 2000s), Zechliner Straße, Berlin-Hohenschönhausen, October, 2007

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96) Gudvanger Straße (1929–1930), Franz Fedler and Hans Kraffert, Berlin-Prenzlauerberg, March, 2007 97) Leipziger Platz Quartier, property development at former Wertheim-Leipziger-Platz department store, built in 1896–1906, destroyed through Allied campaign of strategic bombing of Germany in WW II in 1944, demolished by East Berlin Authority in 1955–1956. Leipziger Platz, Berlin-Mitte, October, 2007

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98) Apartment block (1980s), Kurfürstenstraße, Berlin-Tiergarten, March, 2012 99) MfS (Stasi) service unit, responsible for prisons and criminal prosecutions of former GDR regime. Genslerstraße, Berlin-Hohenschönhausen, October, 2007

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101)â&#x20AC;&#x192; Sun City Casino building (1979), Sun City (North West), January, 2012. Sun City was developed by the hotel magnate Sol Kerzner as part of his Sun International group of properties. At the time it was located in the Bantustan (a territory set aside for black inhabitants as part of the policy of apartheid) of Bophuthatswana

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102)â&#x20AC;&#x192; Warehouse on Green Ave, Kempton Park, Johannesburg, July, 2012 103)â&#x20AC;&#x192; Nelson Mandela Bridge (2003), Dissing & Weitling, Braamfontein, Johannesburg, January, 2012

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104) Bree Taxi Rank, Simmonds Street, Johannesburg (CBD), August, 2012 105) Empire Rd with Rennie House building (background), Parktown, Johannesburg, July, 2011

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106)â&#x20AC;&#x192; Newtown Junction property development in the vicinity of The Market Theatre (the theatre opened in 1976, operating as an independent, non-racial theatre during the apartheid regime), Joahnnesburg, January, 2012 107)â&#x20AC;&#x192; Carr Street, Newtown Junction property development, Joahnnesburg, January, 2012

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108)â&#x20AC;&#x192; Cnr Sauer St and Pritchard St, business premise mirrors in The Star Newspaper Building (1964), Johannesburg (CBD), August, 2011 109)â&#x20AC;&#x192; Empire Rd with Insurance Towers (former Auto & General Building), Richmond (Johannesburg), May, 2011

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110) Nelson Mandela Bay Stadium (2007–2009), Gerkan, Marg and Partners, Port Elizabeth, April, 2011 111) Moses Mabhida Stadium (2006–2009), Gerkan, Marg and Partners, Durban, July, 2011

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Previous double page)â&#x20AC;&#x192; View of Sea Point and Table Bay. The margins of Robben Island (where Nelson Mandela was imprisoned) are fainting on the right. Cape Town, April, 2011

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114 + 115) View from the Carlton Centre towards north-west with Northcliff Hill (assumed to have been populated by humans for over 250,000 years). Johannesburg, May, 2011

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116) Evening in northern suburbs, Greenside, Johannesburg, December, 2011 117) Koppie and Lonmin platinium mine at night’s drive, Marikana (North West), January, 2012. “The Marikana miners’ strike or Lonmin strike garnered international attention following a series of violent incidents between the South African Police, Lonmin security, the National Union of Mineworkers and strikers themselves, which resulted in the deaths of 44 people, the majority of whom were striking mineworkers killed on 16 August, 2012”—BBC News, October 5, 2012 Next double page) Lonmin platinum mine, Marikana (North West), January, 2012

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Multiplicity

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123)â&#x20AC;&#x192; Via Cavour, Giuliana Libera!, anti-war demonstration, Monti, Rome, February 19, 2005. Half a million people converged in Rome to march and rally for the release of Italian journalist Giuliana Sgrena, her French colleague Florence Aubenas and her translator Hussein, and the pull out of Italian troops from Iraq. Giuliana Sgrena, a reporter and photographer for the communist daily Il Manifesto was kidnapped on February 4 (2005) in Baghdad just as she had finished interviewing a group of refugees from Falluja. Sgrena was rescued by Italian SISMI agents on March 4, 2005

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124) Italy’s centre-left Partito democratico (Pd) staged a giant rally in Rome. Approx 2.5 million people marched to the Circus Maximus under a sea of red and green opposition flags proclaiming that “another Italy is possible” and to protest against tycoon Silvio Berlusconi’s right-wing government. Rome, October 25, 2008 125) Gianni Alemanno’s—post-fascist candidate for Mayor of Rome—final campaign rally at Piazza del Popolo, Rome on May 26, 2006

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126 + 127) Azione Sociale (AS) was a national-conservative political party, founded and led by Alessandra Mussolini, who is the granddaughter of Benito Mussolini. The party became a faction within Silvio Berlusconi’s Popolo della Libertà (PdL). Alessandra Mussolini had often taken social

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progressive stances on issues, including abortion, gay rights and civil unions. She has been an outspoken feminist, and has been described by conservative commentators as a socialist and a left-winger. Rome, May 26, 2006

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128 + 129) On December 2, 2006, Silvio Berlusconi proposed the foundation of a Freedom Party—arguing that the people and voters of the different political movements aligned to the demonstration were all part of a Popolo della Libertà—during a major demonstration of the centre-right in Rome with the slogan Contro il regime per la libertà (against the regime for freedom—against the government led by Romano Prodi). Rome, December 2, 2006

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130)â&#x20AC;&#x192; Madonna - Confessions Tour, in front of Stadio Olimpico, Rome, August 6, 2006 131)â&#x20AC;&#x192; Macchina di Santa Rosa (procession), Viterbo (Lazio), September 3, 2008. Every year on the evening of 3th September 100 men called Facchini di Santa Rosa (porters of Saint Rose) hoist the Macchina of Santa Rosa (a 30 metre high tower) and carry it through the very narrow streets and squares of the medieval town centre of Viterbo and eventually reach the church of Santa Maria delle Rose

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133)â&#x20AC;&#x192; Prati, Rome, December 24, 2009

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134 + 135) Luca Cordero di Montezemolo (Chairman of Ferrari) and wife Ludovica Andreoni at MAXXI (National Museum of the 21st Century Arts) inauguration weekend, architect Zaha Hadid (2000–2010), Rome, May 30, 2010

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136 + 137) Piergiorgio Welby was diagnosed with muscular dystrophy in 1960. In 2006 Welby publicly declared his wish to refuse the medical treatment that kept him alive. Welby’s battle to establish his right to die led to a debate about euthanasia in Italy. After Welby’s voluntary euthanasia on December 20, the Roman Catholic Church refused—in a controversial move—to allow a religious funeral. A civil funeral was celebrated in Piazza Don Bosco in front of Basilica di San Giovanni Bosco. Rome, December 24, 2006 Next double page) Dominican friar, Centro Storico, Rome, December 17, 2005

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140 + 141) Photo opportunity in Piazza di Spagna in front of Fontana della Barcaccia. The fountain was commissioned by Pope Urban VIII and was completed in 1627 by Pietro Bernini and his son Gian Lorenzo Bernini. Centro Storico, Rome, April 4, 2010

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142 + 143) Public screening site at Circus Maximus (largest stadium in ancient Rome) after Italy’s victory in FIFA World Cup at Olympiastadion Berlin. Rome, July 9, 2006

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Previous double page)â&#x20AC;&#x192; Strada Traian, Bucharest, May 19, 2006

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146 + 147) Piata Victoriei, Bucharest, May 8, 2008 Next double page) Matache Market, Piata Matache, Bucharest, March 25, 2006

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150) Strada Selari, Bucharest, May 8, 2008 151) Piata Unirii, Bucharest, May 8, 2008 Next double page) Bulevardul Nicolae Balcescu, Bucharest, May 8, 2008

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Previous double page)â&#x20AC;&#x192; Calea Mosilor, Bucharest, March 26, 2006

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156 + 157) Bucharest, March 20, 2006

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Previous double page and 160 + 161) Cnr 1st Ave and Rev Sam Buti St, Alexandra, Johannesburg, January 10, 2012

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162) Cnr Bree St and Rissik St, Johannesburg (CBD), December 11, 2011 163) Cnr Kotze St and Claim St, Hillbrow, Johannesburg, December 11, 2011

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165) Main Road, Noordgesig, Soweto, January 12, 2012 164 + 165) Roos St (Elandsrivier Bridge), Swartruggens (North West), January 3, 2012 166) Nelson Mandela Dr, Mahikeng (North West), December 29, 2011 167) Nelson Mandela Dr, Mahikeng (North West), January 3, 2012 168 + 169) Petrol station, Lotlhakane (North West), X-mas-day, December 25, 2011 170) Phakamile Rd, Jouberton, Klerksdorp (North West), August 1, 2012 171) Springbokfontein (North West), December 29, 2011

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174) Cnr W.F. Nkomo (formerly Church St) and Taung St, West Park, Tshwane (Pretoria), December 16, 2011 175) Cnr National Rd and Limpopo Ave, Musina (Limpopo), January 4, 2012

176 177

176) Cnr Rissik St and Plein St, Johannesburg (CBD), August 21, 2012 177) Phelandaba Rd, Jouberton, Klerksdorp (North West), December 19, 2011

178 179

180 181

Previous double page) Commissioner Street, Klerksdorp (North West), December 5, 2011 180) Cnr Nelson Mandela Dr and Thabo Mbeki Dr, Mokopane (Limpopo), January 3, 2012 Next double page) Bree St, Johannesburg (CBD), January 10, 2012 (left) and December 11, 2011 (right)

182 183

184 185

184) Cnr Kotze St and Banket St, Hillbrow, Johannesburg, December 11, 2011 185) Twist St, Hillbrow, Johannesburg, December 11, 2011 Next double page) Chris Hani Rd, Diepkloof, Soweto, January 12, 2012

186 187

188 189

188)â&#x20AC;&#x192; Bree St, Fordsburg, Johannesburg, August 20, 2011 189)â&#x20AC;&#x192; Nelson Mandela Dr, Mafikeng Plaza, Mahikeng (North West), December 28, 2011

190 191

190) Watt Ave, Alexandra, Johannesburg, January 10, 2012 191) Kopanong Rd, Jouberton, Klerksdorp (North West), December 24, 2011

190 191

192 193

192 + 193) Jct Benji Oliphant Rd and Main Reef Rd, Klerksdorp (North West), December 6, 2011

192 193

194 195

194 + 195) Kopanong Rd, Jouberton, Klerksdorp (North West), January 1, 2012

196 197

196) Cnr Soutter St and President Burger St, Pretoria West, Tshwane (Pretoria), August 26, 2011 197) Skietpoort Ave, Salvokop, Tshwane (Pretoria), August 26, 2011

196 197

198 199

198) In front of Johannesburg City Hall Complex, Rissik St, Johannesburg (CBD), August 21, 2012 199) Cnr Rockey St and Joe Slovo Dr, Doornfontein, Johannesburg, August 21, 2012

200 201

200) Joe Slovo Rd, Klerksdorp (North West), August 1, 2012 201) Cnr Carr St and Malherbe St, Fordsburg, Johannesburg, August 20, 2011

200 201

202 203

202 + 203) Mauerpark, Berlin-Prenzlauerberg, April 8, 2012

204 205

204 + 205) Mauerpark, Berlin-Prenzlauerberg, April 8, 2012

206 207

206 + 207) Mauerpark, Berlin-Prenzlauerberg, April 8, 2012

208 209

208 + 209) Mauerpark, Berlin-Prenzlauerberg, April 8, 2012

210 211

210 + 211) Mauerpark, Berlin-Prenzlauerberg, April 8, 2012

212 213

212 + 213) Mauerpark, Berlin-Prenzlauerberg, April 8, 2012

214 215

214 + 215) Mauerpark, Berlin-Prenzlauerberg, April 8, 2012

216 217

216) Gneisenaustraße, Berlin-Kreuzberg, May 27, 2012

218 219

218 + 219) Karneval der Kulturen, Gneisenaustraße, Berlin-Kreuzberg, May 27, 2012

220 221

Passage to

220 221

222 223

222 + 223) Nugget St, Hillbrow, Johannesburg, December 11, 2011

224 225

224 + 225) Rautenbach Ave, Wynberg, Johannesburg, December 14, 2011

226 227

226) Cnr Simmonds St and Bree St, Johannesburg (CBD), December 11, 2011 227) Nugget St, Hillbrow, Johannesburg, December 11, 2011

226 227

228 229

229 + next double page)â&#x20AC;&#x192; Cnr Nugget St and President St, Johannesburg (CBD), January 10, 2012

228 229

230 231

232 233

232 + 233) Cnr Pretorius St and Lilian Ngoyi St, Tshwane (Pretoria), August 26, 2011

234 235

234 + 235) Road to Mahikeng, Setlopo (North West), December 21, 2011

236 237

236 + 237) Bophelong Hospital, Mahikeng (North West), December 21, 2011

238 239

238 + 239) Phelandaba Rd, Jouberton, Klerksdorp (North West), December 23, 2011

240 241

240) Rissik St (Miner’s Monument, 1963), Braamfontein, Johannesburg, August 21, 2012 241) Albertina Sisulu Rd (formerly Broadway Ext), Kensington, Johannesburg, August 21, 2012

240 241

242 243

242)â&#x20AC;&#x192; Pretoria Main Rd, Wynberg, Johannesburg, December 2, 2011 243)â&#x20AC;&#x192; Hoofd St, Braamfontein, Johannesburg, August 21, 2012

244 245

244 + 245) Benji Oliphant Rd, Jouberton, Klerksdorp (North West), December 5, 2011

246 247

246) R524, Thohoyandou (Limpopo), January 5, 2012 247) Cnr Main St and Commercial St, Louis Trichardt (Limpopo), January 4, 2012

248 249

248)â&#x20AC;&#x192; Cnr Main St and Commercial St, Louis Trichardt (Limpopo), January 4, 2012 249)â&#x20AC;&#x192; Road to Mahikeng, Lotlhakane (North West), December 29, 2011

248 249

250 251

250 + 251) National Rd, Musina (Limpopo), January 4, 2012

250 251

Next double page)â&#x20AC;&#x192; R503 to Coligny, Klerskdorp (North West), December 24, 2011

252 253

254 255

254 + 255) Pretoria Main Rd, Marlboro, Johannesburg, August 26, 2011

256 257

256 + 257) Cnr Green Ave and Isando Rd, Spartan, Johannesburg, July 31, 2012

258 259

258 + 259) New Canada Rd, Noordgesig, Soweto, January 12, 2012

258 259

260 261

Whiter ainâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t possible!

260 261

262 263

262 + 263) Bucharest, April, 2005

264 265

264 + 265) Gaborone, Botswana, August, 2012

266 267

266)â&#x20AC;&#x192; Bucharest, March, 2006 267)â&#x20AC;&#x192; Johannesburg, August, 2011

266 267

268 269

268) Bucharest, April, 2005 269) Rome, December, 2005

268 269

270 271

270 + 271) Bucharest, April, 2005

272 273

272) Johannesburg, July, 2011 273) Cape Town, April, 2011 Next double page) Johannesburg, August, 2012

272 273

274 275

276 277

278 279

Previous double page) Johannesburg, August, 2011 278) Johannesburg, December, 2011 279) Berlin, October, 2007

280 281

280)â&#x20AC;&#x192; Johannesburg, May, 2011 281)â&#x20AC;&#x192; Johannesburg, August, 2011

282 283

282) Bucharest, May, 2006 283) Bucharest, April, 2005

282 283

284 285

286 287

Previous double page)â&#x20AC;&#x192; Johannesburg, August, 2011

286 287

286 + 287) Johannesburg, December, 2011

288 289

290 291

Previous double page) Johannesburg, July, 2012 (left); Temba (Gauteng), January, 2012 (right) 291) Berlin, October, 2007

290 291

292 293

292) Johannesburg, July, 2012 293) Bucharest, April, 2005

292 293

294 295

294)â&#x20AC;&#x192; Bucharest, March, 2006 295)â&#x20AC;&#x192; Rome, December, 2009

296 297

296 + 297) Johannesburg, August, 2012

298 299

298) Johannesburg, August, 2012 299) Johannesburg, August, 2012 Next double page) Bucharest, March, 2006 (left); Jouberton, Klerksdorp (North West), August, 2012 (right)

300 301

302 303

302) Potchefstroom (North West), August, 2012 Next double page) Jouberton, Klerksdorp (North West), August, 2012

304 305

306 307

308 309

Previous double page)â&#x20AC;&#x192; Bucharest, March, 2006 (left); Bucharest, May, 2006 (right)

308 309

308 + 309) Bucharest, April, 2005

310 311

Untitled, Rome (and anywhere else)

310 311

312 313

314 315

Previous double page)â&#x20AC;&#x192; Shit, Rome, September, 2010

314 315

315)â&#x20AC;&#x192; Shit, Rome, February, 2005

316 317

316)â&#x20AC;&#x192; Romanista (A.S. Roma football club [based in Rome] aficionado) chicken, Rome, October, 2005 317)â&#x20AC;&#x192; Ultras (avid fans of [here] S.S. Lazio football club [based in Rome]) Lazio pricks, Rome, September, 2007

318 319

318 + 319) Lazio (A.S.) Roma = shit, Rome, June, 2009

320 321

320) A.S. Roma = shit!, Rome, June, 2009 321) A.S. Roma Lazio A.S. Roma = shit; A.S. Roma Lazio = shit, Rome, June, 2009

320 321

322 323

322) Wolf’s head (mascot/symbol of A.S. Roma); (Francesco) Totti (captain of A.S. Roma) faggot, goal, Rome, January, 2007 323) Rome, June, 2009 Next double page) Inter (F.C. Internazionale Milano, football club based in Milan) = shit, Rome, April, 2010

324 325

326 327

326 + 327) Naples ([S.S.C.] Napoli, city of Naples and also football club based in Naples) stinks, Rome, June, 2009

326 327

328 329

328) U r so porno baby, by Mr. Fahrenheit, Berlin, September, 2011. “The churches are empty, signori, empty! No one is listening! No one! Our bishops go around with four bodyguards! If Jesus Christ had had four bodyguards, they would never have put him on the cross!”, quote, Beppe Grillo (Italian comedian and since 2009 political activity as founder of the Five Star Movement, MoVimento 5 Stelle, M5S)—Reuters, May, 2012 329) Congratulation (also Happy birthday!) Nano! (Beppe Grillo nicknamed Silvio Berlusconi “Psycho-nano” [psycho-dwarf]), Rome, June, 2009

330 331

330 + 331) Aryans Italians = shit. The Berlusconi(s) and fascists, mafia are servants of USA (illegible), Rome, December, 2009

330 331

332 333

332) Kadafi (Muammar al-Gaddafi, 1942–20.11.2011), Johannesburg, South Africa, September, 2011 333) Osama bin Laden is still my best friend all over the world. (Osama bin Laden, 1957–2.5.2011), Johannesburg, May, 2011

334 335

334) Via Stati Uniti d’America Infamous, Rome, February, 2006 335) I shot Obama’s dog, Berlin, September, 2011

334 335

336 337

338 339

Previous double page) A Christmas full of ****, Chiesa del Gesù (Il Gesù), Rome, February, 2006 338) Our hatred will never cease… 10-, 100-, 1000 times…; A.S. Roma = shit, Rome, August, 2009 339) Scorn M.S.I., (signed) PCd’I (m-l), The state is terrorist. The Italian Social Movement (M.S.I.) was a post-fascist political party in Italy from 1946 to 1995. The Partito Comunista d’Italia (marxista-leninista) was an Italian non-parliamentary communist political party/faction (inspired by maoist ideology), which existed from 1966 to 1991. In 1991 the faction coalesced with the Movimento per la Rifondazione Comunista (Movement for Refoundation of Communism). Rome, March, 2010 Next double page) Communist symbol oversprayed with celtic cross (the celtic cross is often used representing neo-nazism and white-pride), Rome, December, 2009

340 341

342 343

342 + 343) Down with the right-wing, Rome, March, 2010

344 345

344) On Mars with fascists (Italian comedy film, Corrado Guzzanti, 2006), Rome, December, 2006 345) Honor to Benito Mussolini (il Duce, “the leader”, Benito Mussolini [1883–1945] was a key figure in creation of fascism), Rome, September, 2007 Next double page) Untitled, Rome, December, 2008

344 345

346 347

348 349

Body Politics

348 349

350 351

352 353

Previous double page) Stazione Termini, Angiolo Mazzoni (1940, unfinished and work abandoned in 1943, inaugurated in 1950), Rome, December, 2006 352) Stazione Centrale, completed in 1931, based on a design of Ulisse Stacchini, referencing Union Station in Washington, DC. The eclectic architectural language ranges from Fascist architecture to Liberty and Art Deco. Milan, January, 2009 353) Members of the Italian football World champions team (2006 FIFA World Cup), Viale Giuseppe Mazzini, Prati, Rome, April, 2007

354 355

356 357

Previous double page) Chiesa di Santa Maria della Visitazione, Via dei Crispolti, Tiburtino, Rome, December, 2006 356) Aeroporto Leonardo da Vinci, Fiumicino, Rome, May, 2010 357) Stazione Termini, Rome, June, 2009

356 357

358 359

358) Stazione Termini, Rome, December, 2007 359) Via dei Campi Sportivi, Parioli, Rome, September, 2006 Next double page) Via della Magliana, Rome, April, 2005

358 359

360 361

362 363

362) Via Idrovore della Magliana, Rome, April, 2005 363) Via Guidubaldo del Monte, Pinciano, Rome, September, 2006. Azione Giovani was a post-fascist youth organization (1996–2009) appertaining Alleanza Nazionale, which was a post-fascist party, coalesced into Berlusconi’s political party Popolo della Libertà in 2007

362 363

364 365

364 + 365) Gianni Alemanno’s elections campagne—post-fascist candidate for Mayor of Rome. Viale Tiziano, Flaminio, Rome, March, 2006

366 367

368 369

Previous double page) National elections campaign of Silvio Berlusconi’s Forza Italia, Parco Viale Tiziano, Rome, February, 2006 368) Lazio, regionale elections campaign (Renata Polverini/Silvio Berlusconi), assemblage/palimpsest, Rome, February, 2010 369) Lazio, regionale elections campaign, assemblage/palimpsest, Rome, February, 2010 Next double page) Via Angelo Emo, Stazione Valle Aurelia, Rome, September, 2010

368 369

370 371

372 373

372) Via Angelo Emo, Stazione Valle Aurelia, Rome, September, 2010. Sakineh Mohammadi Ashtiani has been imprisoned and under a death sentence in Tabriz, Iran after being convicted of adultery and accompanying sentence of death by stoning in 2006 373) Mühlenstraße, Berlin-Friedrichshain, August, 2009

374 375

374 + 375) Truth for Emanuela Orlandi; Freedom for Yulia Tymoshenko; Live for Sakineh. Palazzo Nuovo, Campidoglio, Rome, August, 2013

376 377

376) St.-Hedwigs-Kathedrale, Berlin-Mitte, July, 2008 377) Karl-Liebknecht-Straße, Berlin-Mitte, May, 2007

376 377

378 379

378) Chiesa di San Rocco all’Augusteo, Rome, December, 2007 379) Bebelplatz (site of the Nazi book burning ceremony on May 10, 1933) and Alte Bibliothek (Royal Library [1775–1780] covered in the background), Berlin, July, 2008

380 381

380) Via Angelo Emo, Stazione Valle Aurelia, Rome, September, 2010 381) Via Celine, Laurentino 38, Rome, January, 2007

382 383

382) Via Appia Nuova, Tuscolano, Rome, January, 2010 383) Via Masaccio, Flaminio, Rome, June, 2006

384 385

384 + 385) Via Appia Nuova, Tuscolano, Rome, January, 2010

386 387

386) Alexanderplatz, Berlin-Mitte, May, 2013 387) Potsdamer Platz, Berlin-Mitte, February, 2010

386 387

388 389

388 + 389) Schloßplatz, construction site of Humboldt-Forum, Berlin-Mitte, March, 2010

390 391

390) Schloßplatz, construction site of Humboldt-Forum; (background) Berliner Dom, Berlin-Mitte, March, 2010 391) Pankstraße, Berlin-Wedding, May, 2013

392 393

392) Bulevardul Unirii, Bucharest, March, 2006 393) Splaiul Independentei, Bucharest, May, 2008 Next double page) Bulevardul Nicolae Balcescu, Bucharest, October, 2008

394 395

396 397

396) S-Bahnhof, Sonnenalle, Berlin-Neukölln, June, 2007 397) S-Bahnhof, Landsberger Allee, Berlin-Prenzlauerberg, October, 2007

396 397

398 399

Thanks to

398 399

400 401

400) Mikhail Gorbachev (hand of…) surrounded by journalists on occasion of the 20th anniversary of the Fall of the Berlin Wall at Bösebrücke, Bornholmer Straße, Berlin-Gesundbrunnen, November 9, 2009. The Bornholmer Straße was one of the border crossings between East Berlin and West Berlin between 1961–1990 1 + 400) Starling flight pattern, Viale America, EUR, Rome, January, 2007

Thanks

400 401

Erik Dettwiler would like to give special thanks to Paco Carrascosa, Irina Cios, Johannes Dettwiler, Joa Iselin, Irene Jost, Barbara Meyer Cesta, Rayelle Niemann, Christoph Ranzenhofer, Christoph Riedweg, Darko Senekovic, Lerato Shadi, Lino Sibillano, Rudolf Steiner, Emma Williams, Sacha Zala ICCA Bucharest, ISR Rome

4u@dewil.ch | www.dewil.ch

402 403

dewil.châ&#x20AC;&#x201D;2014

Edition Haus am Gern

404 MF

ISBN: 978-3-9523691-7-3