Productive communities

PRODUCTIVE COMMUNITIES

DGMT’s investment in agroecology seeks to respond to malnutrition, youth unemployment and food insecurity at household level in a given community. We are interested in learning from civil society organisations (CSOs) focused on building sustainable local value chains and food systems, while enabling the transfer of skills and knowledge about agroecological farming practices and entrepreneurship.

This brief explores how the Southern Africa Food Lab (SAFL), Siyavuna, the Seriti Institute, Thanda and Khulisa Social Solutions have done this for the benefit of the communities they work with.

THE GLOBAL CONTEXT

OF FOOD INSECURITY

Since the onset of the Russia-Ukraine war in 2022, global food supply has been disrupted, as Ukraine is (or used to be) a major exporter of cereal grains and sunflower oil. The war has increased hunger risks for one-fifth of the global population — around 1.7 billion people — due to rising food prices, climbing energy prices and growing financial constraints.1 Even before the war, food systems were repeatedly destabilised by shocks, such as the 2007–2008 commodity price spikes, the SARS and Ebola outbreaks, and the Covid-19 pandemic.2

Concerning food insecurity statistics include:

Globally, 2.3 billion people are moderately or severely food insecure, and malnutrition is the biggest risk factor for disease, with 20% of deaths related to poor diet,

sub-Saharan Africa has the highest rate of food insecurity, with 63.2% of the population affected and 32.3% of children under the age of five suffering from stunting,3

this leads to an average loss of 11% of Africa’s gross domestic product (GDP) per year.4

1 Omer, S. 2023. Global hunger: 7 facts you need to know, From the Field (World Vision) 28 August 2023. https://www.worldvision.org/hunger-news-stories/ world-hunger-facts

2 IPES-Food. 2020. COVID-19 and the crisis in food systems: Symptoms, causes, and potential solutions. https://www.ipes-food.org/_img/upload/files/COVID-19_ CommuniqueEN%283%29.pdf

3 Stunting is a (largely preventable) condition where young children are short for their age and do not reach their full growth potential due to chronic nutritional deprivation, repeated infections and poor psychosocial stimulation.

4 Cramer, C. 2023. Disconnect between agriculture and nutrition in Focus. Southern Africa Food Lab https://www.southernafricafoodlab.org/disconnect-betweenagriculture-and-nutrition-in-focus/

THE SOUTH AFRICAN CONTEXT

The interconnection of environmental degradation, food insecurity, and malnutrition is escalating into a significant crisis in South Africa. Climate change exacerbates food insecurity, leading to widespread malnutrition, particularly affecting children — around 27% of children under five suffer from stunted growth due to chronic malnutrition.5

South Africa is the largest emitter of greenhouse gases in Africa, primarily due to its reliance on coal-powered electricity, which significantly contributes to carbon dioxide emissions.6 Large-scale commercial agriculture adds to the problem through the use of fossil fuel-based fertilisers and chemical pesticides to enhance productivity and control pests. The problem is that these things affect soil quality and harm natural ecosystems, leaving many communities with land that is not viable for small-scale commercial farming or subsistence farming. These activities are major drivers of climate change, which in turn severely impacts our weather patterns.

About 20% of South African households are involved in agriculture, with 65% of these relying on subsistence farming.7 These rural farmers are especially vulnerable to adverse environmental conditions such as climate variability and irregular rainfall. Unlike commercial farmers, they often lack the financial resources needed to adapt to these changes.8 Despite its vital role, the agricultural sector's growth and market share remain small.

Most communities, however, do not produce their own food and depend on various retail outlets – including supermarkets, butchers, informal shops, street vendors, and bulk retailers –for their groceries and produce.

At various governmental levels, institutions attempt to support emerging farmers but often fail to distribute resources fairly or provide adequate support for young people entering agriculture. These inefficiencies, stemming from limited resources and poor coordination, not only threaten food security but also hinder the economic advancement of young South Africans, perpetuating cycles of economic exclusion.

5 Ntuli, M. Childhood stunting and malnutrition are critical health challenges for SA. Daily Maverick, 26 July 2023. https://tinyurl.com/2p88a6u7

6 International Monetary Fund. African Dept. 2023. South Africa Carbon Pricing And Climate Mitigation Policy https://tinyurl.com/38xwwwx6

7 Platt, J. The Link Between Subsistence Farming and Sustainability in South Africa, Subsistence Farming, 27 September 2019. https://tinyurl.com/yhkhd94a

8 Bohle, H. G., Downing, T. E., & Watts, M. J. 1994. Climate change and social vulnerability: toward a sociology and geography of food insecurity. Global Environmental Change, 4(1), pp.37-48

“Although agriculture is essential for South Africa’s future, poor farming practices have undesirable impacts on the well-being of people and nature. Therefore, empowering farmers with the necessary skills to contribute towards an environmentally sustainable future is vital to addressing the interlinked challenges of food security and climate change.”

SMALLHOLDER FARMERS IN SOUTH AFRICA FACE

SIGNIFICANT CHALLENGES

Smallholder farming refers to small-scale agricultural operations that grow some food for local markets but may also produce food to feed their families.

LIMITED ACCESS TO LAND AND RESOURCES:

Smallholder farmers often struggle to secure sufficient land for farming due to urbanisation, competing land-use demands, and land tenure issues.10 Access to water resources can also be a constraining factor.

DIFFICULT MARKET ACCESS:

The lack of efficient transportation and storage infrastructure, as well as unequal access to market information and low bargaining power can limit smallholder farmers’ ability to sell their goods at fair prices. This can also lead to significant post-harvest losses. Market dominance by large formal retail companies also limits small producer access.

LIMITED GOVERNMENT SUPPORT AND POLICY FRAMEWORKS:

The absence of implementation frameworks for agriculture development policies and inadequate government support tailored to the needs of smallholder farmers hinder their development. Insufficient access to credit, technical assistance, and poorly delivered extension services restricts their ability to adopt appropriate farming techniques and technologies.11

Word Wide Fund for Nature (WWF)9

POORLY MANAGED SUPPLY CHAINS:

Organisations in the supply chain often suffer from inefficiencies, lack of transparency, and corruption, which can hinder the farmers’ ability to receive fair prices for their produce. Inadequate management and oversight in the supply chains can lead to delays, post-harvest losses, and lower incomes for smallholder farmers.12

UNDERSTANDING THE ROLE OF AGROECOLOGY

As food prices soar, making household food security more tenuous, we need a basket of complementary solutions to ensure families have access to nutritious food. On the retail side, we need to make nutritious food more affordable by slashing the prices of protein-rich staple pantry items. On the production side, we need sustainable farming practices that empower smallholder farmers to participate in local food supply chains. One of the tried and tested ways to do this is through agroecology.

Agroecology is not just about changing the way we farm, it's also about how farming affects people and the environment. Agroecology is about finding ways to farm that are good for local markets, communities and nature. It’s about wisely using resources, like water and soil, and trying to make sure we can keep farming sustainably even as the climate changes.

“The smallholder sector is a key point of entry to bring about more sustainable food systems in South Africa,” says Professor Scott Drimie, Director of the Southern Africa Food Lab (SAFL). “These farmers support the most vulnerable populations through informal markets, and they employ operations most suitable for the development of sustainable, agroecological, and local food systems," says Drimie.

"Agroecology is an approach to food production that uses the application of ecological principles and processes in agricultural production. It uses natural materials and methods to grow, protect and harvest crops."

Onesisa Mtwa, DGMT innovation director

People and organisations using these ideas aim to create farms and communities that work well together and help each other out. These civil society organisations (CSOs) are finding ways to build “productive communities” through agroecology principles and projects that facilitate knowledge sharing among individuals in a given community.

WOZA NAMI (KZN) – AGROECOLOGY AND LOCAL FOOD SUPPLY CHAINS

KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) is one of the most vulnerable regions to climate change, alternately hit by drought or submerged by flooding. As part of its resilience strategy, the eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality established seven agroecology hubs. Many small-scale farmers, backyard gardeners and farming cooperatives grow crops around these hubs.

In 2020, the Southern Africa Food Lab (SAFL) partnered with the eThekwini municipality to launch Woza Nami (“Come With Me”) at the Inchanga hub, which is situated in a large peri-urban settlement between Durban and Pietermaritzburg. Woza Nami aims to tackle food insecurity by developing closer ties with the local community, improving agroecological farming knowledge, developing nutrition awareness and increasing the availability of affordable, nutritionally dense food.

Woza Nami has created a flagship demonstration site at Inchanga and the hub serves as a working farm with crop planting, soil rehabilitation programmes, poultry, an organic seedling nursery tunnel and different types of composting methods. Farmers from surrounding areas are trained here in agroecological methods, and municipal agricultural extension officers travel to local farms to provide support. The hub is close to a clinic, which is important as the project is jointly about healthy food production and nutrition.

The project supports a range of farmers, predominantly women. Woza Nami currently works with 10 co-operatives (approximately 110 individuals), with between five and 10 farmers intensively farming vegetables on almost a hectare of land. Various types of vegetables are grown, including wild crops such as amadumbe and bambara groundnuts (part of traditional diets in KwaZulu-Natal), as well as maize, carrots, spinach, onions, pumpkins, green peppers and lettuce.

Woza Nami also works with 25 “One Home One Garden” farmers, who grow backyard vegetable gardens that supplement household diets with vegetables, especially leafy greens. The hub hosts market days for its farmers, but also hopes to partner with ECD centres, so that they can become nutrition hubs.

As part of the Social Employment Fund (SEF), which aims to give unemployed youth basic training and skills in various opportunities while paying them a small stipend for a short term, 100 community members from the area were trained by Woza Nami between 2022 and 2024.

SIYAVUNA (KZN) – TRAINING YOUNG AGRI-ENTREPRENEURS

Siyavuna Abalimi Development Centre is a non-profit organisation based in Margate, KwaZulu-Natal, which assists rural farmers through skills and enterprise development, advocating farming methods that are resilient to climate change.

In 2022, Siyavuna partnered with the SEF to enrol around 1 200 local youth in its agricultural training program. The training covered how to start an agroecological food garden from scratch and included theory on composting, raised beds, inter-cropping, seed saving, seedling growing, production maintenance, chemical-free agricultural inputs, and pest control. After completing the three-day program, participants were able to start their own gardens and be assessed on their production skills. The training was accredited by the Agricultural Sector Education Training Authority (AgriSETA).

Each young person was paired with an older farmer who provided mentorship and support. Both were paid a stipend. Currently, through funding from DGMT, Siyavuna is working to transform this initial investment into a long-term opportunity for at least 500 young people from the same cohort who demonstrate commitment and an aptitude for farming. They will continue to be trained in agriculture, but also offered training in additional skills such as business entrepreneurship, bookkeeping, financial management and digital platforms. Another cohort was trained in 2023 and Siyavuna hopes to obtain funding from the SEF for 2024.

Siyavuna has a variety of 22 crops that grow at scale, including carrots, potatoes, onions, peppers, turnips and cucumbers. Siyavuna is hoping to introduce cooking classes so the community can learn how to cook vegetables that are unfamiliar to them.

SERITI INSTITUTE (KZN, NORTH WEST, LIMPOPO, MPUMALANGA) –INTRODUCING MULTI-FUNCTIONAL AGRI-NODES

The Seriti Institute aims to support and develop small-scale food producers that express an interest in agroecology, giving preference to women and youth. Its “Work. Learn. Grow.” (WLG) programme supports agroecology nodes as part of an integrated long-term plan to inculcate agroecological practice and transform food systems.

In 2023, Seriti set up four flagship multi-functional agri-nodes (MFANs) across different provinces: Limpopo (Bela-Bela), Mpumalanga (Standerton), North West (Deelpan), and KwaZulu-Natal (Inchanga). These nodes are chosen based on factors like accessibility, market reach, support for agri-businesses, visibility, training opportunities, education, skills development and security. They are strategically placed near main roads to be easily accessible and serve as prominent hubs for production, the sale of produce and the provision of training.

These in-community nodes offer resources and training, and also help small-scale producers/farmers sell their produce and products. Farmers learn techniques to improve soil health, reduce dependence on external inputs, and diversify income streams through enterprise development. These nodes not only teach farmers but also encourage them to take care of their environment. Members of the community who show an affinity for, or interest in, farming, but do not have access to sufficient land, are able to grow crops at the node.

The MFANs are starting to produce vegetable seedlings of various cultivars that the community wishes to grow and offer them at subsidised prices. The objective is to create a sustainable ecosystem of production, with more small-scale farmers planting, selling and becoming part of the value chain.

They have been focusing on cash crops that take up to three months to grow, including spinach, cabbages, carrots, onions, peppers, beetroot and tomatoes. They aim to also introduce poultry farming. “We would love to have the chickens in order to produce eggs and make compost from the manure,” says Alwyn Esterhuizen, Seriti’s technical programme manager. “In future, Seriti would also like to introduce nutrition hubs at the nodes with a parent and child play centre and a library.”

MULTI-FUNCTIONAL AGRI-NODE

THANDA (KZN) – CHANGING MINDSETS

Food insecurity in Mtwalume, in rural KwaZulu-Natal, is a big problem because of widespread poverty and resource constraints. Thanda, a community-based organisation (CBO), provides a holistic response to the critical needs of children through quality early learning, parenting, and social-emotional learning programmes, as well as organic farming interventions to enable food security within households.

The first farming intervention, Nisela has been in place since 2015, when a group of struggling local farmers asked Thanda for assistance. Thanda now provides training, mentoring and infrastructure support to 375 organic farmers working on 31 farms of varying size, with between two and 50 farmers per farm. The farmers share resources such as irrigation and fencing. Plot size usually measures 12m by 12m, but more experienced farmers grow crops on larger plots. The farmers decide what to plant, when to sow or reap and whom to sell to. Thanda buys seedlings in bulk, selling them to the farmers to enable planting on a bi-weekly basis.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, Thanda introduced a new organic farming initiative called Household Gardens to support families with children in their education programmes. This initiative helps participants turn their backyards into crop-yielding micro-farms, enhancing their food security. Each participant is assigned a dedicated mentor to guide them in organic farming. The Household Gardens programme is expanding and currently involves 552 households. Unlike the Nisela programme, participants in the Household Gardens initiative do not pay for their seedlings and do not receive additional infrastructure support. The size of the gardens is also limited.

Typical crops include onions, peppers, cabbages and spinach. Community members have the option to sell surplus vegetables to Thanda, which are then used to support the organisation’s feeding programme. Alternatively, vegetables are sold to other rural communities that do not have access to fresh produce or are sold to greengrocers or retailers.

“We come from a community where there aren’t many opportunities. People would rather leave the rural area and go to cities (like Durban) where they might find a way to earn a living. Thanda’s Organic Farming Initiative has removed the stigma that farming is for ‘rural old people’ within the community. This initiative has catered for young people looking for employment opportunities too. Many of our youth have matriculated but have no jobs. Usually, idle hands cause more harm than good, but in our community, the young ones are now preoccupied with opportunities to work and develop their skills through the organic farming initiative.”

Bongumusa Xaba, mentor to 60 gardeners in the Nisela programme.

KHULISA STREETSCAPES PROGRAMME

(WESTERN CAPE) – TRAINING HOMELESS PEOPLE TO RUN CITY GARDENS

There are three market gardens successfully run by unhoused (or homeless) people in the city of Cape Town. Agriculture may not seem the most obvious path to address the needs of unhoused people, but when Streetscapes asked them what they wanted, their most pressing need was the opportunity to earn an income. So, Streetscapes teamed up with the City of Cape Town and the Central City Improvement District to form a network of support so that 100 people could work in community gardens in Roeland Street, Vredehoek and at Trafalgar High School, growing organic fruit and vegetables. “It was purely by chance; we didn’t have any agriculture knowledge. We wanted to give people in the programme a means to earn an income so we could tackle the issue of homelessness and get them off the streets,” says Andrew Tulloch, Khulisa operations manager.

The gardens became a safe and tranquil space, where unhoused people could earn a stipend while learning new skills. This approach allows social workers and the psychosocial team to engage with them and begin rehabilitative work more easily. Participants spend up to two years on the project before exiting the programme to seek employment with Khulisa’s assistance.

After the gardens project was initiated, city officials offered Khulisa the use of a derelict farm in Kuils River. In 2023, the NPO brought in a farm manager and set about transforming the farm into a successful enterprise. They started to sell produce at farmers markets. They also began networking with local restaurants and looked for other markets to tap into.

In addition to fruit and vegetables, the farm has expanded into producing free-range eggs and honey, thanks to the addition of 150 chickens and 13 bee hives. The farm also grows its own seedlings, selling punnets at farmers’ markets, and produces its own compost thanks to chicken manure.

Organic waste donated from local retailer, Food Lovers Market, is used in composting and supplements the chicken feed to keep the hens strictly free range. This allows the farm to act as a kind of agri-node, producing seedlings and compost used by other gardens. The recycling of waste means that the farms and gardens form part of the circular economy.13 Khulisa is now in the process of applying for organic licensing and accreditation through the Participatory Guarantee Scheme (PGS).14

13 The circular economy is a model of both production and consumption that extends the life cycle of products as long as possible, through refurbishment, re-appropriation, repair and recycling.

14 A network of organic farmers that subscribe to a certain code of ethics in terms of growing things organically. Certain requirements have to be fulfilled (soil testing, water testing, ensuring all products used are organically certified, including compost). Farm inspections are done through collaboration.

TOP LESSONS SHARED BY THE AGROECOLOGICAL HUBS

PARTNER UP

Partnering with other civil society organisations, private entities and/or government can ensure that organisations are able to better leverage and manage resources. The seven agriculture hubs in eThekwini were originally established by the municipality, but it had neither the resources nor the infrastructure to fully realise its resilience plan. By partnering with the Southern Africa Food Lab, it was able to establish Woza Nami as a flagship demonstration site, bringing in water, skills training and infrastructure. Thanks to the Social Employment Fund partnership, a 30-metre organic tunnel with a seedling nursery went up in record time to grow hydroponic herbs for market, opening another income stream. Similarly, the City of Cape Town partnered with Khulisa to employ unhoused people to work in community gardens. These public-private partnerships are a way of removing resource and capacity constraints.

"The SEF programme has been a great enabler and source of human capital that facilitates skills transfer in communities, while also supporting CSOs with stipends for trainee farmers," says Onesisa Mtwa, DGMT Innovation Director.

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"These stipends help reduce vulnerability in the short-term, while they receive training and agroecological skills that give emerging farmers a springboard to ensure their livelihoods are sustainable in the long-term," says Mtwa.

AGRICULTURE IS A VIABLE CAREER PATH

“Your typical small-scale producer is an older person, but since our involvement with SEF we have been engaging with youth all the time and more than 60% of the participants are young people. Now, youth are interested in agriculture and see it as a way to start a small business. They can produce not only for themselves but also for the market. When we go to the site, the crops they produce are amazing. Yes, we provide training and input, but the everyday work is coming from them.”

Alwyn Esterhuizen, Seriti technical programme manager

Predominantly through the SEF, these projects are demonstrating that agriculture is a viable career path for the younger generation. At the end of the SEF funding cycle, Siyavuna intends lobbying local school nutrition schemes to continue sourcing their produce from young gardeners. “This is how we build social economic stability in our communities,” explains Oxolo Mofokeng, Siyavuna’s executive director.

AGROECOLOGY BUILDS RESILIENCE

Sustainable farming promotes community resilience through improved food and nutrition security and fosters self-reliance. The Woza Nami project shows that families surrounding the hub have access to, and are eating, more nutritionally dense food than before. Environmental resilience is also improving. When severe flooding hit KZN in 2023, those farmers who had converted to agroecological beds suffered less flood damage due to inter-cropping and plants growing at angles on a slope. Tatjana von Bormann, a founding member of the SAFL and current chair of the SAFL Advisory Board, suggests that improving resilience requires a holistic and people-centred approach.

In the pursuit of sustainable development goals (SDGs) and the modernisation of agriculture, South Africa faces significant challenges in promoting the adoption of digital technologies among small-scale farmers. High data costs, lack of Wi-Fi and tech savviness are all barriers. Some projects are trying to address this.

For example, Woza Nami is developing digital farm reporting tools in the form of two simple Google Forms which allow for the recording of (i) farmer harvesting records, including the quantities of the different crops harvested by the farmers and (ii) farmer sales records, including the quantities of the different crops sold at the Inchanga markets. Data can be captured from a smartphone, tablet or laptop. These tools are yet to be put to the test.

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You really have to walk the journey with people, and mentors have helped. Over time people stop seeing themselves as victims of the situation and the weather; they see themselves as agents of change in their own lives and in their communities.”

Angela Larkan, Thanda CEO

A once-off training session is unlikely to be successful because farming is a long-term process, with many bumps in the road. Mentors embedded in local communities are in it for the long run; they are aware of everyday challenges and their encouragement supports struggling farmers.

Thanda’s mentors are all young people. They are not experts in farming; they are hired based on their personality, openness to learn and ability to work with people. “I think there is a lot of pride that comes with farming now, which didn’t exist before. Farming was looked down upon. Now you are providing nutrition for your community … I think mentoring is a huge part of that process,” says Angela Larkan, Thanda CEO.

Oxolo Mofokeng, Siyavuna executive director, agrees that the relationship with the mentor is what keeps new farmers on track. “For the first time, many young people have someone who believes in them. When the mentor visits, they must have completed several tasks. Then, they will earn the stipend and be given more tasks. This ongoing support is an opportunity for intergenerational engagement and skills transfer. This element of the project builds social capital and strengthens the community fabric.”

A DATABASE IS INVALUABLE

A database can show which parts of a project are working and which parts need more attention. For example, at Thanda, everything planted gets monitored and recorded in a database (whether it is reaped, lost, sold or given away). Thanda classifies farmers based on their livelihoods, specifically the value derived from their agricultural activities. They track each farmer's status and their goals. The NPO tailors support to meet these individual goals; for example, a farmer aiming to become an entrepreneurial farmer receives different training and mentorship compared to a grandmother who is content with subsistence farming. This targeted approach, supported by a comprehensive database, has enabled Thanda to facilitate some farmers' transition from subsistence to more profitable farming practices.

FARMING SUPPORTS THE LOCAL ECONOMY

In 2015, Nisela produced R26 000 worth of vegetables. In 2023, Nisela and Household Gardens produced R6.6 million worth (with the bulk coming from Nisela). Larkan says: “In general, farming has caught on like wildfire, compared to when we started. Now you have R6.6 million of the local economy that didn’t exist before. Really nobody was farming. Now everyone wants to farm. If you beg your neighbour for food, they wonder why you are not farming.”

Streetscapes’ agricultural enterprise has gone from a turnover of R1 000 a month, when they were selling produce on an ad hoc basis to people visiting the city gardens, to R30 000 a month, close to a quarter of a million rand turnover per year. This is crucial because as a result, Streetscapes has become less dependent on external funding, and it puts unhoused people on a path to become confident, self-sufficient entrepreneurs; they are able to grow organic produce, run market stalls, handle cash sales and interact with customers.

MULTIPLE NETWORKS OF SUPPORT IMPROVE OUTCOMES

In 2024, Thanda piloted a neighbourhood component of Household Gardens, working with household gardeners in a group capacity. And Thanda quickly discovered that people work well together at a neighbourhood level.

“Rather than Thanda being the driver, group work showed that ‘Mr X’ is fantastic at growing cabbages and getting rid of cutworm while ‘Mr Y’ is excellent at fencing. People will start knowing who to go to for help and start offering to help each other,” Larkan explains. “We really believe you need both. Just the group work or just the individual work is not effective. You need to be working at multiple levels for it to be most effective.”

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HEALTH IS A PRIORITY

Siyavuna’s Mofokeng says that there is a dire need for mental health support in rural communities. “You would be surprised by how many of them come forward to say ‘I need support to do this and I am struggling with that’,” she explains.

Mofokeng says that linking young people with platforms of support helps them to move forward. “We are assisting them to be food secure, but there are other elements that we need to look into and make available to them when required.”

GRADUALLY INTRODUCE NEW PRACTICES

Each agri-node or hub will have a different climate, soil, pests and varied socio-economic challenges. That is why a flexible approach to introducing new agroecological practices is likely to be more effective. Some farmers may feel that a particular approach is not suitable for their area. Siphesihle Qange, Seriti programme manager, says: “We must start bit by bit in terms of adopting new practices. We do not have full control of the environment. You just need to gradually practice activities, until you get to a point where the community can see that it is working, and they adopt these activities.”

WHAT NEXT?

These initiatives show that agroecological hubs are helping to improve food security in communities and build resilience to climate change among small-scale farmers. Projects such as the Social Employment Fund have positioned farming as a sustainable career path for young people; however, there is still much that can be done by government and civil society to build more sustainable food systems.

This brief was written by Daniella Horwitz, edited by Rahima Essop and made possible with contributions from Onesisa Mtwa at DGMT, Southern Africa Food Lab (SAFL), Siyavuna, the Seriti Institute, Thanda and Khulisa Social Solutions.

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