B.Arch Thesis Report - Humanizing Civic Instruction by Dhanush H WCFA

Humanizing Civic institution

Making of civic institution in Bangalore urban fabric.

Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Humanizing Civic Institution

Humanizing civic institution Making of a civic institution in Bangalore’s urban fabric

Architectural Design Thesis Report in partial fulfilment for the award of the Degree of Bachelor of architecture (B. Arch)

Submitted by: Dhanush.H 4CM17AT013

Internal Guide: Ar. Nagesh.H.D

Wadiyar Centre for Architecture,Mysuru

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Humanizing Civic Institution

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE Certificate that this project report “ Humanizing civic institution , making of civic institution in urban realm” is the bonafide work of “Dhanush.H” with USN Number4CM17AT013 who carried out the project work under our supervision in partial fulfilment for the award of the degree of Bachelor of Architecture (B.Arch) by the Visvesvaraya Technological University (VTU), Belagavi.

Signature Prof. Shrutie Shah Principal, WCFA, Mysuru

Signature

Signature with date

Name: Prof. Nagesh H. D Thesis Internal Guide

Name Examiner -

Signature

Signature with date

Name: Julie Ann Tharakan Thesis Co-Ordinator Examiner

Name Examiner -

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Declaration I hereby declare that this thesis “Humanizing civic institution , making of civic institution in urban realm” is a bonaide work carried out by me under the the guidance of Prof. Nagesh.H.D , Faculty , WCFA, Mysuru. This thesis or part therefore has not been submitted previously for the award of any degree/ diploma or for any other purpose. The references from various sources are duly acknowledged.

Humanizing Civic Institution

Acknowledgement I would like to express my special thanks of gratitude to everyone who has provided me with their guidance and assistance in the entire course of this thesis project. On the very outset of this report, I would like to thank my guide, Prof. Nagesh H.D, who nurtured my ideas throughout this explorational journey, making me introspect every step with his stimulating suggestions and creative vision. I would also sincerely thank my institution, Wadiyar Centre for Architecture, Mysuru, which for the last 5 years has helped in the growth of a strong school of thought within me, helping me achieve a base for this thesis. I would also like to acknowledge with much appreciation, the crucial role of the faculty at WCFA for their enthusiasm, selflessness and constant guidance. My faculty Ar. Shreyas Baindur and Ar. Vidyashankar for their valuable inputs during the development of the proposal for the thesis, for encouraging me to explore the various hidden complexities and opportunities in my research. Not to forget, my fellow companions and batchmates, who constantly supported, motivated and inspired me in the past few years and continue to do so. Special mention to Syed Adeeb, Anivartha Baggungi, Harshith Jain and Supreeth Suresh for stimulating my ideas with constant critique, encouragement and varying perspectives. To Riddhi Agarwal, Neha Changappa, Chris Vegas, Roshni Barik, Rujul Gowda and Nabhan, thank you for your significant contribution to the project. Last but not the least, my greatest influence, my parents and family for their undying faith and belief in me, for being the constant pillars in all my achievements. Any omission in this brief acknowledgement does not mean lack of gratitude. Thank you

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Humanizing Civic Institution

Table of contents Chapter 01 - Thesis premise ..............................................................11/13 Introduction Original statement Abstract Aim Objective Methodology Limitations

Chapter 02 - Research on Public realm ...............................................15/21 Understanding of Public institutions irreverence to space, time, people and cities.

Chapter 03 - Genesis of civic institutions ............................................23/29 Importance of civic public buildings Morphology of civic institutions and it’s importances

Chapter 04 - Bangaluru ......................................................................31/43 Introduction of Bangaluru city History Site selection

Chapter 05- Case studies ...................................................................45/57 *Centraal Beheer office by Herman * Bordeaux law court * Assembly building, Dhaka * Oslo Opera house * Capitol complex * Past reference case analysis

Chapter 06 - Site Analysis ..................................................................59/95 Surveyed data Site mapping

Chapter 07 - The Proposal ..................................................................97/135 Concept -Vision Design strategies Design drawings 7.1 -References ....136

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Humanizing Civic Institution

Thesis synopsis Introduction Original statement Abstract Aim Objective Methodology Limitations

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Original Statement Change is inevitable but how we change is not. We have undergone evolutionary changes in built spaces, indicating its local identity, demographic key, materials to a standardised set of buildings which has de-voided all quality of the city and it’s characters. The main question revolves on the relevance of constructing a building in a given context, and how those built spaces educate people’s mindset, how it evolves and adapts in time. How to discover the uniqueness of a project as unique as a person. Finding this uniqueness has to do with dealing with the whole force of globalisation, that particularity is central to finding the uniqueness of the place and the uniqueness of a program in a building. The understanding of the quality of spaces and the factors which altered them based on Economy, Politics, Culture and Influences. Generated spaces have certain narration or derivation in relevance to its context, designer ideologies, history, climatic features etc. which practiced in time could generate a certain and sustainable ecosystem in the city. The research focused on the morphological study of building and change in built spaces in time. Architecture plays an important role in society Constructing any building typologies is creating shelter and environment in broader aspects. A meaningful building is that which truly affects the quality of life, it’s practicality, operational and scripturally. Quoting Architect Louis Khan - “ Ask What does a building want it to be”. Say if you’re doing a public building, it should invite people without any reason for them to come, and celebrate rituals and public life. It should also deal with the architectonics of the building and give a meaning and purpose to it.

Abstract The study lies in understanding how public spaces have been evolving from time to time. How civic buildings or administrative buildings generate public realm around the building. A civic building is a central landmark in the geographical or business centre of a town or city. They are frequently the pride of a district and foster a strong local, regional and national identity, as well as providing public centre services and having a positive impact on a neighbourhood. Civic centres are often tailored to support the very specific needs of communities. As a result, civic centre architecture design varies dramatically across the country in size, scope, and overall appearance. Having said that, at present the civic institutions have been dictated from past historical and colonial influences, currently it’s a mixture of all ideologies like Authoritarianism, Power, Imagery etc. Some of these past ideologies have depleted and are not applicable for today’s contemporary needs. So this thesis undergoes the process of deconstruction of civic architecture and demonstrates a civic building which addresses the cities, people’s contemporary needs and also illustrates our notion of the current democratic government.

Humanizing Civic Institution

Aim Aim of the project is to demonstrate a civic public building which is democratic in nature situated within the urban fabric of the city of Bangalore, catering to the general public recreation, optimising office workspace for efficiency, in the given environment of a government/administrative hub.

Objective * To understand the role of the main civic bodies of the governors in Bangalore (legislative, judiciary, secretariat) and manifest a new architectural expression to the current time, space and need. * To demonstrate an urban institution which is embedded in the urban fabric of Bangalore. * To understand the historical time-line of the civic spaces of Bangalore through the lens of public spaces. * To understand the relationship between people’s association with public building and enhance the connection. * To optimise the work cultural environment in civic building. * To demonstrate designing a public building to the current space, time and architecture.

Research questions How can civic institutions continue to serve as one of the city’s primary civic ceremonial gathering places while also providing a safe, comfortable and welcoming environment for everyday use? * Role of a public building in the contemporary period ? * How do public buildings educate people ? * How to envision public building current time,space and existence ? * Can any program for public buildings in urban sites cater to people’s recreational needs ? * Can public buildings be detached from urban centres ?

Methodologies The steps taken to conduct this thesis were to understand the relationship between people and the built environment in the public realm, and to understand human behaviour in a public space. The study was conducted to understand the publicness of a space and its connection with people, public buildings around it and the city.

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Humanizing Civic Institution

Research on Public realm

Understanding of Public institutions irreverence to space, time, people and cities. The study helped to understand the nature and characteristics of public buildings. Each building narrates stories of how it’s associated to people and the city, in a way it turns out to be the physical manifestation of their ideologies and believes. This process will enhance the built architecture creating a diverse space enriching the communities culture and unity.

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Looking through my lens Who controls/ owns a public building if not the public? What is public? Publicness? What defines a public space? What makes a good public building?

Factors influencing a public building Political influence Historical references Economy Location

Publicness

People

What makes it public ?

* People’s behaviour in public realm * The quality of sensibility in public realm * Role of community and humanity * Relationship between people and public space

Degrees of public

How public?

Public buildings Urban institution

Public buildings How building contributes of making public space

* The associations with built typologies and the people * The attributes public building has to contribute to the city

Role of major important public building within the city

City Physical and Intangible connection between - people and Government.

* What city gains out of a well destabilised public institution, which is urbane in nature. * How would having an public institution enhances the cities quality of publicness

General public

Humanizing Civic Institution

Public buildings

City History

The proposed case

What does any public building has to offer to a city. Identity for the city

Pride for people

Sydney Opera House / Jørn Utzon

Bangalore International Centre / Hundredhands

A Musical theatre built in an magnificent way which the form of the building became the identity for the city. The structure derived from 3D geometrics and from the mountains of Australia.

Public building for the cities neighbourhood, catering it peoples socio-culctural, socio economical and social life style. Building adapting for any activity for the society.

People’s aspiration

Jubilation

Hiroshima Peace Centre and Memorial Park / Kenzo

Bharat Bhavan / Charles Correa

Building representing the cities history and peoples association with the historical events, memory, feeling. The power of public building being able to make people to gather and remember the past and celebrate the future.

Bharat Bhavan consists of contemporary art galleries, a museum of tribal art, an auditorium, a library of Indian poetry, a print shop, and a studio for an artist-in-residence. The location of the building and it’s articulation to it’s context brings out the playfulness in people.

Organization of community life

Outdoor public social life

MVRDV’s Markthal Rotterdam

Revitalisation-of-bhadra-fort / B.V.Doshi

Space dedicated to collaborate business and lifestyle, The building hosts housing and a public market which mergers the different classes of the user group. It creates a socio-economical sustained system in the society.

Bhadra Fort a public plaza which relates to the surrounding heritage built and to additional built. The thoroughfare(street) is been redone efficiently for hawkers-and vendors. The zone adapts different kinds of events in time. The space provides outdoor public social life.

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Nature of public building Definition Public building Buildings which are human landmarks which people have created as symbols for their ideals, for their aims, and for their actions. They are intended to outlive the period which originated them, and constitute a heritage for future generations. As such, they forma link between the past and the future.

Sri Ranganatha Swamy Temple complex The biggest living temple complex in the world- is in India. Public realm revolving around the temple following the concentric focal principal in concentric rings. The city shows the grades of publicity established in time. There are 7 concentric rings surrounding the main temple. Each rings representing the peoples occupation, cast, hierarchy in society. The temple is sited right in the centre all the public activities revolve around the temple complex and it spreads out to domestic typology of the city. Temple complex plan

fig.1.7- Temple complex plan

Humanizing Civic Institution

Medieval church

Medieval plaza section The evolution of public squares started in the medieval times. The cites three main body made way for the public square. The religion(church), the administration(town hall) and the finance(bank) enclosed the open space which peoples day to day routine, making the space more active and vibrant. The square transforms during the day carting to peoples need and function. key points Scene of enclosure Focal point Urban fabric furniture Community gathering Cities open space / green space

Medieval plaza top view

Agora

Third century iteration plan

The main religious area was in the centre and was occupied by the temple of Athena Polias. The cultural zone was associated with the function of the theatre. Priene’s theatre is one of the best and most well-preserved Hellenistic theatres. The main streets were the ones oriented from west to east, connecting the gates of the city. The grid seems denser on the east side of the city, and wider on the west. In the centre, where also the site becomes flatter, two blocks had been removed and space was provided for the Agora.

The streets around the Agora were pedestrianized and a big flat terrace was created to connect them. Meanwhile, close to the Agora, there was a big opening for the oldest building in the city, the temple of Athena, which was described previously. The east – west streets, and especially the main one crossing the open space of agora, were all paved and could be traversed by wheeled carriages.

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Character of public building Position | Location of the building The means of intervening a public building in a strong urban fabric and the sensibility in which the build sits and the location attaining the prominences in the locality and to it’s typologies.

Monumentality of the building The scale of the building to establish Power, Majestic stand, identity , to provoke inner experience.

“Formally, it is the most compatible with the architecture of the Louvre..., it is also one of the most structurally stable of forms, which assures its transparency, as it is constructed of glass and steel, it signifies a break with the architectural traditions of the past. It is a work of our time.” – I.M. Pei In addition to providing a new entrance to the Louvre, Pei’s design featured a new underground system of galleries, storage, and preservation laboratories, as well as a connection between the wings of the museum. The addition and relocation of the supporting spaces of the museum allowed for the Louvre to expand its collection and place more work on exhibit.

Shanghai Natural History Museum / Perkins+Will

“The use of cultural references found in traditional Chinese gardens was key to the design,” said Johnson. “Through its integration with the site, the building represents the harmony of human and nature and is an abstraction of the basic elements of Chinese art and design.”

Yad Vashem Holocaust Museum / Safdie Architects

Antwerp Port House / Zaha Hadid Architects

Technique of accentuating the built to it’s back narrative and how the locality plays an important role in backing the narrative and attaining attention and importance.

These three key principles define the design’s composition of new and old: a new volume that ‘floats’ above the old building, respecting each of the old façades and completing the verticality of the original design’s unrealised tower

The historic museum consists of a mostly underground prismatic structure 16.5 meters high and 183 meters long (54 x 600 feet) that cuts through the Yad Vashem hillside, penetrating from the south and protruding to the north. A network of skylit underground galleries lines both sides of the prism.

Humanizing Civic Institution

Accessibility for the building

Experience | Order of the building Form of the building

Centre Pompidou: Renzo Piano, Richard Rogers, and the Making of a Modern Monument

Bharat Bhavan / Charles Correa

Playful levels creating experiences enhancing volumetric spaces and the nuance of the place. Creating an interesting journey connection the lake and the people of the city.

Access being the predominate design strategy to connect the building

Guggenheim Museum / Frank Lloyd Wright

Program taking over the form of the building, the architect adds an additional program to enhance the quality of the building.

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Humanizing Civic Institution

Genesis of civic institutions

Importance of civic public buildings Morphology of civic institutions and it’s importances

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

What Is a Civic Building?

Image of day to day activity of Agora’s civic space

Definition ? A civic centre is a network of spaces or buildings that provide essential services to a city or town. It can include everything from government offices and public meeting spaces to free classes and memorials honouring important members of the community. Civic centres are tailored to support the often very specific needs of communities. As a result, civic centre architecture design varies dramatically across the country in size, scope, and overall appearance.

Humanizing Civic Institution

Why civic institutions are important ? Civic institutions are places where a rich civic culture can flourish, where people can interact, encounter and relate to each other. They are crucial places where the collective consciousness of the city is produced. Today’s public spaces are increasingly more controlled and even privatized. The use of public spaces and civic architectures in the cities is also challenged by the effects of climate change (heat stress, flooding, etc...) or massive (mainly air) pollution. These trends present an issue in relation to the democratic character of public spaces and a threat to their functionality and meaning. Civic architectures are key in conveying the way we want to live: how we live together, how we relate to nature, how we work and recreate. Civic Architecture should integrate different disciplines to design places and structures able to deal with the issue of ‘how to live together’ in an open, creative, integrated and socially equal way. Governments have the potential to remedy or reinforce inequality. History makes clear that people— when they have the ability to organize, speak up, and engage—have the potential to hold their leaders and institutions accountable, pushing them to fulfil their promise to serve the common good

Civic Buildings are true democratic places where the intersection of the public with the government happens, where there is community interaction and public education. It is a place where citizens feel safe and welcomed, where they can grow and learn, where they can strengthen their community ties and flourish a rich culture. These spaces are vital and crucial and can structure the collective consciousness of an entire city. Streets, squares, promenades, boulevards, public parks and gardens, buildings, like schools, city halls, hospitals and other public structures, like bridges, tunnels, market halls and pavilions all come under key civic architecture. These spaces in turn convey how we want to live together, how we interact and relate with nature, how we work and recreate and thus enable the city to function better. Civic Architecture acts as a stimulator for social union and cultural re-establishment . The urban fabric, the locals and the program define the daily use, the needs and potential of such spaces.

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Analysis on existing civic institutions Strategies used to replicate same architecture The buildings were placed on a higher platform to signify it’s impotence. Symmetry and standard dimensions were used for walls and columns,(also dedicated by the local government and masons). The build is stretched to achieve symmetry and a solid mass amidst the open chunk to accentuate the built mass. Facade is treated in a way which narrates order and rhythm, play of solid and void to break the monotony of solid walls. All corridors and windows are placed along the front facade for light and ventilation. Other buildings end up using light well to achieve the facade. Certain elements like the pediments, colonnades, corniness, arches and domes etc. These elements are derived from the past traditions and influenced history.

The building is conceived as a monolithic block and the play of voids are deducted. The building faces limitations by attaining predicated facades and certain architectural elements. The programs are injected within the block, which face constraints for light and ventilation resulting in additional features like light well which is not used well.

Program - Function Corridors Services - Staircases, lifts, rest-rooms

Humanizing Civic Institution

Architectural feature used in civic building Architectural features which symbolizes the notion of power, authority and monumentality. These features would act as a building anchor for the locality and be a landmark in the city/ town. These elements are drawn from history and influences along the line. Over the years the idea of these elements is devoid and lost, mere abstraction is lost.

The building’s architecture is constrained to visual accessibility rather than physical connectivity; a civic space should connect communities and unite people together. The environment does not allow the public to express their opinion and lacks the connection between authority and the general public.

Restricted and ordered entrance

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Issues faced in current period What’s happening ? What’s gone wrong ?

Ramanagara - District office

Belagam - District office

Mandya - District office

Ramanagara - District office

Humanizing Civic Institution

Kodagu - Court hall

Potential of the government Around the world, billions of people are excluded from full participation in the political, economic, and cultural systems that shape their lives. When so many lack access to engage with their government and influence the decisions that affect their lives, policies fail to address their needs, favouring instead those with power and resources and deepening inequality. Governments have the potential to remedy or reinforce inequality. History makes clear that people—when they have the ability to organize, speak up, and engage—have the potential to hold their leaders and institutions accountable, pushing them to fulfil their promise to serve the common good. How important civic building’s architecture can influence the building typology, the replication of certain influenced features devoid the main essence and character of the building. By doing this the building does not play the role of an civic institution or caters to public needs. The building lacks context responses, Not public friendly, Not accessible and does not resemble it’s government or constitution.

Agendas on what’s it built on 1. Image of power,domination,authority and control. 2. Irregular mass monumentality and scale. 3. Reputations of layout,Similar facade,colonial colonnades,pediments. 4. Rigid spaces and space constraints for future developments. 5. Lack of contemporary expression in the building. 6. Not going beyond the given program. 7. Lack of public amenities or not provoking the culture of the city. 29

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Road

lla

Doddaballapur

Expres

s Way

Consolidated Map

Tum

gad

Old

oad

ing Road

Road

Inn er R

ing

Co re

a dr

Road

kur

rja

Peri

p her

a l Ring

Roa

Ho su rR oa d

Bannerghatta Road

rja

5,000

Humanizing Civic Institution

5,000

Meters 10,000

10,

Bengaluru

Introduction of Bangalore city History Morphology of the city Site selection

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Bangalore

Bengaluru (also called Bangalore) is the capital of India’s southern Karnataka state. The center of India’s high-tech industry, the city is also known for its parks and nightlife. By Cubbon Park, Vidhana Soudha is a Neo-Dravidian legislative building. Former royal residences include 19th-century Bangalore Palace, modeled after England’s Windsor Castle, and Tipu Sultan’s Summer Palace, an 18th-century teak structure.

Brief Introduction Bengaluru, popularly known as Bangalore is a cosmopolitan city which was once ruled by different dynasties, starting from the Ganga dynasty in 350 AD to the Hoysalas in 1117 AD. It is believed that Bangalore was founded by Kempe Gowda, then a chieftain in the Vijayanagara empire, who spent years establishing a thriving city with commerce, culture, military and education. The city was only 1.5 square kilometres of land and was guarded by a thick mud fort surrounded by a moat entirely. Bangalore was soon given to Shivaji’s father Shahji Bhonsle as a reward for his victory under the rule of Adil Shah and proceeding his death, it was under the rule of the Mughal ruler Aurangzeb. He sold Bangalore to the Wodeyars in 1689 who ruled initially as vassals of the Vijayanagara Empire (1399– 1565), then as independent rulers (1565–1761), then as puppet rulers under Hyder Ali and Tipu Sultan (1761–1796) and finally as allies of the British crown (1799–1947). The Wodeyars and British in close alignment developed Bangalore and Mysore state as an ideal state with rapid improvement in infrastructure, Law & Order, Education and Health Services.

Humanizing Civic Institution

Bangalore was the first city in Asia to get electricity with Asia’s first hydel power station being set up at the foot of the Shivanasamudra falls to supply power to Kolar Gold Fields. The great famine of 1878 and the plague of 1898 wiped out almost one fourth of the city’s population and forced people to move to the newly created colonies of Malleswaram and Basavanagudi. The plague resulted in a health officer being appointed for the first time in the city and the foundation stone for Victoria Hospital was laid. The Indian Institute of Science was set up in 1909 by Jamsetji Nusserwanji Tata, in the final years of the 19th century. Swami Vivekananda, the Maharaja of Mysore, Sri Krishnaraja Wodeyar IV and Lord Curzon the Viceroy of India, were amongst the people who made it happen.

Bangalore Palace was built in 1878 by the British using the Maharajah’s money in Tudor Revival style architecture with fortified towers, battlements and turrets. The interiors were decorated with elegant wood carvings, floral motifs, cornices and relief paintings on the ceiling with the furniture being neoclassical, Victorian and Edwardian in style. Bangalore has seen many developments ever since with the establishment of the Printing Press in 1840, London Mission- the first girls school, Holy Trinity church and Attara Kacheri in 1864 which now houses the Karnataka high court. Some other establishments include the Hindustan Aircraft in Bangalore by HAL, The Raman Research Institute founded in 1948 by the Indian physicist and Nobel Laureate, Sir C V Raman and the Vidhana Soudha which was completed in 1956. With the Electronic City, the Bangalore International Airport and the Namma Metro, Bangalore has seen an explosive growth in recent years earning its reputation from being called the pensioners paradise and the Garden City to now becoming the Silicon Valley of India.

Typical Landscape Vegetation •Generally hilly or high plateau region with fairly abundant vegetation. Solar Radiation • More or less uniformly moderate all through the year. Mean Temperature • Summer midday • Summer night • Winter midday • Winter night • Diurnal variations

30-34°C 17°-24°C 27° -33°C 16°-18°C 8o -13°C

Average temperatures and precipitation

Precipitation amounts

Wind speed

Maximum temperatures

Relative Humidity Variable, between 30 and 80%. Precipitation •Fairly well distributed over the year. •Total annual rainfall usually exceeding 1000 mm. •Relatively dry winters. Winds • Variable, generally high during summer. • Intensities and direction mainly dependent on topography. • Sky Conditions • Mainly clear, occasionally overcast with dense low clouds in summer. Miscellaneous • Climatic conditions generally within a favourable range, which requires no special building designs to improve indoor comfort.

Cloudy, sunny, and precipitation days

Wind rose chart

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Information on Bangalore Before 1537 Rule of the present day Bengaluru region by the South Indian dynasties like Gangas, Cholas and Hoysalas. 1537 Kempegowda, a feudal ruler of the Vijaynaynagar empire, conquers Bengaluru and establishes a mud fort which became the foundation of present day Bengaluru. The Pete area of Bengaluru was also established by Kempegowda - the earliest Business district. 1638 The Marathas conquered and ruled Bengaluru for almost SO years 1687 The Mughals captured Bengaluru and sold it to the Wadiyar Dynasty of the Mysore kingdom.

Colonial Bengaluru 1799 Bengaluru was recaptured by the British after the victory in the fourth Anglo-Mysore war but the administrative power was returned to the Maharaja of Mysore. 1809 British shifted their Cantonment to Bengaluru outside the old city and the city grew around it which was governed by British India.

Old Bangalore fort map

1831 The British took over the kingdom citing misrule by the Krishnaraja Wadiyar- Ill and during this period is when Bengaluru got its contemporary facilities like the railways, telegraphs, post, etc. 1848 Malleshwaram and Basavanagudi areas established by Krishnaraja Wadiyar IV because of the plague epidemic that hit Bengaluru. 1857 The first war of Indian Indipendence or the Sepoy Mutiny The high grounds region near the Cantonment was demarcated for the new Racecourse as the old racecourse land was taken back by the British military housed in Bengaluru to build barracks. 1870 Cubbon park established by Sir John Meade, the then acting commissioner of Mysore 1881 The kingdom was given back to the Wadiyars. Map - 1791

Humanizing Civic Institution

Map - 1800

Map -1910

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Bangalore city morphology

1800

Bangalore, as a city, was founded by Kempe Gowda I, who built a mud fort at the site in 1537. Kempe Gowda also referred to the new town as his “gandu bhoomi’’ or “Land of Heroes”. Within Bangalore, the town was divided into petes or markets. The town had two main streets: Chickpet Street ran east– west and Doddapete Street ran north–south. Their intersection formed Doddapete square – the heart of Bangalore. Kempe Gowda’s successor, Kempe Gowda II, built temples, tanks including Kempapura and Karanji Kere tanks and four watching towers that marked Bangalore’s boundary. The four watchtowers built at the time in Bangalore are still seen today in the following places which are : Lal Bagh Botanical Garden Kempambudhi Tank Ulsoor Lake Mekhri Circle

1887

Humanizing Civic Institution

1900

1950 onwards 37

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Evolution of Bangalore’s architectural language Tipu Sultan’s Palace

Attara Kacheri

1791

1868

Tipu Sultan’s Palace, in Bangalore, India, is an example of Indo-Islamic architecture and was the summer residence of the Mysorean ruler Tipu Sultan. The British Administration used the palace for its secretariat before moving to Attara Kacheri in 1868.

Attara Kacheri is built in neo classical style and was used to house the eighteen administrative departments of the princely states. Apart from the secretariat, the building also housed the High Court and the office of the Dewan of Mysore. There were two expansions of the building, once in 1917 and a major extension in the same architectural style in 1995.

Bangalore Fort

Bangalore Palace

1800

Bangalore Fort began in 1537 by Kempe Gowda L as a mud fort. It was later renovated by Tipu Sultan with thick stone walls and a moat around it. The area beyond the most was covered by thick plantation to provide for an additional layer of defence.

Humanizing Civic Institution

1887

The Bangalore palace was built by King Chamaraja Wadiyar of Mysore. It features mainly wooden interiors and is surrounded by gardens with the architectural style being a mix of Tudor and Scottish Gothic.

Victoria hospital

1900 The Victoria hospital was built during the reign of the Maharani Regent of Mysore, who laid the foundation stone for the hospital in 1897. Built in Victorian Gothic style, the complex of stone buildings retains the original wards, built on the pavilion system and the main building has sloping iron-crested towers.

Indian Instution of science

1909

The Indian Institute of Science, popularly known as the Tata Institute was a contribution by Jamsetji Tata to scientific learning. The architecture of the main building follows Classical, European modernist and Gothic styles along with local Indian essence.

City Library

1914 Seshadri Iyer Central Library is an impressive red building built in a classic European style with Tuscan and Corinthian columns, in honour of Sir K.Seshadri Iyer, then Dewan of Mysore State.

Town Hall

1935

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Site 01- The secretariat

MS Building - The secretariat The site is located in the heart of the city admits the administration hub of the governors. MS building is known as the hub of all states departments. MS building( The secretariat ) is the spin of the government body . Total area - 22,300sqm2 - 5.5 Acres

Strength

Located in the heart of the city for administration, public and green space. The immediate context provides different layers to tackle in an urban institution. Interesting context to intertwine in.

Weakness

Pre-set fixed programs to be adapted. Major predicated rules for design of the new secretariat.

Opportunity

Provides potential to create an iconic building which sets an examples for civic buildings. Opportunity to rewrite the language of civic building to current space,time and

existence.

Threats

High chances of design getting discarded by the authority Issue of accessibility to the building

Humanizing Civic Institution

Site 02- MG road

MG Road - The community theatre The site is located in the commercial part of the city. Site consists of a popular road leading to an memorial circle which comprises of a demolished community theatre at the end. Total area - 10,200sqm2 - 2.5 Acres

Strength

Diverse set of user group to provide program Location is considered to be the commercial activity hub of the city

Weakness

Imitated programmatic zone for the building

Opportunity

To create an new cultural hub for the city To enhance and spread the public culture around the neighbourhood

Threats

Rapid traffic zone, Noise zone. commercial zone of the city

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Live proposal case Site selection criteria Potential of influencing (bring change to) on a large scale. Provides opportunity to address the current imagery of our constitution and government. The location is an opportunity to create an civic centre/ city centre for the people of bangalore and tourism court. Provides opportunities to address the issues facing at current time * Urban infrastructures * Water management - Rain water harvesting Efficient administration hub * Civic space for the people of the city - Cultural connect, Political connect with the people. Challenges of tacking in heritage zone to envision a new contemporary way of heritage.

Humanizing Civic Institution

Parameters

Design layer

* NOT to Import concepts from place to place, But to subordinate and try to understand the essence of the place.

* Public realm * City and Context * Legibility * Systems of development * Flexibility of spaces * General economy * Energy generation * Construction methodology

* Design - Workability and fit, response to their purpose. Architecture should be timeless to be meaningful in longness. * Geometry and 3Dimensational spaces. Components creating nuance. * Intention for a building is mandatory. * Systems for different typologies. which dictate the language of the architecture. * Architecture going form profound concerns for society as a whole to a period of interest in tantalizing society.

Technical criteria * Time, Space and Existence * Dimensions of learning * Heritage in un-built *Awe and affection

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Humanizing Civic Institution

Case studies

*Centraal Beheer office by Herman * Bordeaux law court * Assembly building, Dhaka * Oslo opera house * Capitol complex * Past reference case analysis

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Centraal Beheer office building Can structured reformed space optimise office woke cultural?

Architect :Herman Hertzberger Location : Prins Willem Alexanderlaan 651, Apeldoorn, Gelderland, The Netherlands, Netherlands Client : The Centraal Beheer Insurance Co-operative Society Project Year : 1968 -1972 Typology : Office

An office building as ‘work space’; for 1000 people designed as a single articulated unit, consisting of sixty tower-like cubes connected on each floor by over-passes. The extensive central street area, in which the space is equally developed in vertical and horizontal direction, calls to mind the street pattern of medieval town. Also the materials of the glass-roofed inner space evoke an outdoor atmosphere. In each corner there is a place to have coffee, to relax or to hold meetings. The illumination throughout is an integral part of the architecture, in this case conceived in terms of street lighting. The transparency and lightness of the metal stairs together with the glass-brick fillings create a harmonious contrast with the heavily dimensioned main structure of the building. We try to arrive at a wealth of formal expression by using simple, sober means, to create a feeling of spaciousness even when working on a small scale.

Humanizing Civic Institution

Pause points and structural stands

circulation thorofare within the building

Offices modules program spaces

Structural grid imposed with program

Circulation zone

Superimposition of structural, spacial and service grids

Inference * The form of the building reflects the environmental research that informed the whole design process. * How a civic building makes opportunity to the public to access through it. * Creating interesting spaces inside the building with merging exterior form into the context. * Breaking the notion of a court build typology and deriving a new type.

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Bordeaux Law Courts What is to build to current time space and existence

Architect : Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners Location : Bordeaux, France Client : Ministère de la Justice Built-up Area : 25,000 m² Construction : Typology : Bordeaux Law Courts Project Year : 1992-1998

Built material response The seven courtroom pods are clad in cedar, raised on pilots above the limestone plinth within a great glass curtain wall under an undulating copper roof.

Public entry to the building is via a flight of stairs placed to the side, leading to the ‘Salle des Pas Perdus’ at the core of the building, where lawyers, their clients and the public meet.

Building relationship with PCG The form of the building reflects the environmental research that informed the whole design process. Spacial organization is done based on the functions of the building .

Humanizing Civic Institution

Analytical diagrams

Structural layout

Circulation inside the institution

Figure ground - Enclosed built spaces

Public and semi public

Axial alignment

Public and semi public zone

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

National Assembly Building of Bangladesh / Louis Kahn Can a building’s language emphasise on it’s city values, history and people? Role of monumentality and natural resources[wind, light and water] on a building Architect : Louis Kahn Location : Dhaka, Bangladesh Built-up Area : Typology : Assembly building Project Year : 1961 – 1982

Jatiyo Sangsad Bhaban is the National Assembly Building of Bangladesh, located in the capital Dhaka. It was created by architect Louis Kahn and is one of the largest legislative complexes in the world. It houses all parliamentary activities of Bangladesh. The architect drew upon and assimilated both the vernacular and monumental archetypes of the region, and abstracted and transformed, to a degree of utter purity, lasting architectural ideas from many eras and civilisations. The core of the composition is the assembly chamber, a 300-seat, 30-meters high, domed amphitheatre and the library. These spaces alternate among eight “light and air courts” and a restaurant, as well as entrances to the garden and mosque. Built of rough-shuttered, poured-in-place concrete, the walls are inlaid with bands of white marble. The jury noted that the architect has produced a building that “while universal in its sources of forms, aesthetics, and technologies, could be in no other place.”

Kahn’s key design philosophy optimizes the use of space while representing Bangladeshi heritage and culture. External lines are deeply recessed by porticoes with huge openings of regular geometric shapes on their exterior, shaping the building’s overall visual impact

Humanizing Civic Institution

Analytical diagrams

Figure ground - Enclosed built spaces

Circulation inside the institution

Circulation

Semi private program zones

Public zone

Axial alignment Mosque Level Public entry Gov. officials entry

Inference

* To give back what’s forgotten by collaborating/merging with the new ideas tp produce an new identity for the city. * Space optimization with reassembles of cultural and heritage, light has an architectural and interesting element. * Building place within a space which gives more prominences and majestic to the buildings function.

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Oslo Opera House / Snøhetta Building breaking the potential more than satisfying program

Architect : Snøhetta Location : Oslo, Norway Built-up Area : 38 500 m2 Typology : Opera house Project Year :2000 - completed 2008

Oslo's Opera house is part of the city's revitalization strategy to redevelop the city's historically industrial

The Norwegian Opera and Ballet is the waterfront into an active public space. building's end user. They are Norway's largest music and theatrical institution. Their core purpose is to be the national producer of opera, ballet, music and dance theatre, and concerts. They intend to have approx. 300 shows and 250,000 visitors per year. The Opera-house will be a workplace for approx. 600 employees from more than 50 profession The opera-house is based on four concepts

The wave wall - The dividing line between the ground ‘here’ and the water ‘there’s Galleries that run alongside the main hall open towards both the main hall and the façades allowing for both a real and a symbolic threshold. views back to the city and fjords. The curvilinear form of this lobby wall creates pockets of seating and This threshold is realised as a large wall areas that guests may collect during intermission. on the line of the meeting between land and sea, Norway and the world, art and everyday life. The Factory -The process in Opera is that the requirements keeps changing the based on the performances, so the hall were imagined in the form of a factory which adapts The Carpet -which talks about the free artistic freedom which the building signifies. Anyone can walk inside the building even not being interested in the program Urban situationTo undertake surrounding layers within the building to The building is also a practical, functional oriented workplace for 600 people. activate the public domain of the city

Humanizing Civic Institution

R esid en c es z one

Park

Commer cial zone Park

S ea

Figure ground lower level- signifying the connection of land, sea and the transport lain

Public and semi public zone

The Opera house faces the city as much as the fjord and creates a strong visual connection between the downtown and Oslo's eastern areas

Circulation pause points

Northern sea

Inference * Building is sculpted to archive maximum ground figure for floating population. * Collaborating with all the surrounding context into the design process and working the project into phases. * working the project in layers of design strategist to spark light in public domain, cultural hub for the city. * choice of material in context with cities identity and state. * Merging - CITY + URBANITY + LANDSCAPE.

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Capitol complex, Chandigarh Architect : Le corbousier Location : Chandigarh, Punjab. Client : Govt. of Punjab Built-up Area : Construction : Exposed concrete, Load bearing Typology :State Court Project Year : 1955

the High Court: a building where large areas were ill-planned and badly lit, but with a spell-binding entrance where a whole new aesthetic world came into being; and the Secretariat: a structure with a magnificent façade, almost like a stage-set. The rectilinear colloid signifying a strong stand which backbones the other government body. Different volumetric spaces is been scoped within the building which creates a efficient office space.

Humanizing Civic Institution

High court, Chandigarh

Diwan I Aam, Agra fort

Assembly building, Chandigarh

Inference * Abstraction of the constitutional law as architectural space, The relevance of to be Indian architecture. * The complex takes the inference from the cities master plan. * The free flow of people into the complex from the public zone of the city.

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Reference case study Places Padmanabhapuram Palace Location Padmanabhapuram Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu. Construction - 1601 CE Material used - wood with laterite (locally available building stone) used very minimally for plinths and for a few select walls. The roof structure is constructed out of timber, covered with clay tiles.

Activity zone

Padmanabhapuram Palace, The congregation section of the palace is placed right in front of the entrance gate. The degree of publicness grades down to small semi private courtyards which administration discussion takes place.

Fatehpur Sikri Location - Agra District of Uttar Pradesh, India Construction - 1571 AD / 1585 AD Material used - Red sand stone and wood Architectural Style A blend of Mughal and Indian styles.

Fatehpur Sikri, the complex had two types of administration gatherings * Diwan-i-Aam or Hall of Public Audience, is a building typology found in many cities where the ruler meets the general public. * The Diwan-i-Khas or Hall of Private Audience, is a plain square building with four chhatris on the roof. The whole complex is envisioned to be a place in a space

Tipu Sultan’s Summer Palace Location - Bangalore, India. Construction - 1791 Material used - The structure was built entirely teak and stands adorned with pillars, arches and balconies. Architectural Style Indo-Islamic architecture

Humanizing Civic Institution

Tippu Sultan’s Summer Palace, the structure was used only in summers, hence the architecture style is respond to climatic. The entire structure is mire pavilion. Just colonnades and few walls. whole palace is flexabile in nature it adapates to the need of the activities. The king adressed his subjects from the first floor were the roof cantilevered for 3 bays. The British Administration used the palace for its secretariat before moving to Attara Kacheri in 1868.

Public and semi public zone Public zone

Deciphered diagrams

Semi private zone

A space within the place

Mosque level

Palace level

Subjects level

Battle level

A place within the space

Purpose pavilion space 57

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Humanizing Civic Institution

Site Analysis Mapping the surrounding activities Documenting important building Zone bye laws Collection of surveyed data

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Landmark Mapping 1. Majestic - Kempegowda Bus Station, more commonly known as Majestic Bus Station, is a large bus station in central Bangalore 2.Chickpet- It is one of the city’s oldest areas and is famous for its Wholesale & Retail Cloths Shops.

3. Freedom Park - Formerly the Central Jail converted into people’s park and green space for the city 4.Race Course 5.Vidhana Soudha -The legislative assembly and the legislative council of the state

6.High Court -The High Court functions out of a red-painted brick building known as the Attara Kacheri, the seat of the legislature of Karnataka. 7. Cubbon Park - Officially known as Sri Chamarajendra Park,[1] is a landmark ‘lung’ area of Bengaluru city, within the heart of the city in the Central Administrative Area.

8. Vasantnagar- A small neighbourhood in the affluent High

Grounds residing many retired government bureaucrats, MLA’s and Police officials

9. KR market - Wholesale market in Chickpete. 10. Chinnaswamy Stadium-is a cricket stadium, this five-

decade-old stadium is situated in the heart of the city of Bangalore with seating capacity of 40,000.

Humanizing Civic Institution

4 5

3 1

7 2

Site mapping

Figure ground of the map

Commuting nodes of the map Metro station Bus stop Road network Park pedestrian Humanizing Civic Institution

Building user typology of the base map Public building Residence Commercial

Vegetation

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Heritage zone buildings Protest Zone Technically, in Bengaluru you can hold protests anywhere except inside the Vidhana Soudha, as long as you don’t violate public order. Yet protest venues have been reduced to a few locations like Freedom Park, Bannappa Park, Town Hall and Maurya Circle.

Freedom park

Bannappa Park Recreational zone Amidst Administration hubs the cultural and leisure zones is engulfed with it .

Festival zone All the state matter celebration with major city’s long celebrated festivals are held within this heritage zone kannada rajyotsava Ambedkar jayanthi Gandhi jayanthi

Town hall

* Sports and yoga activities * Cultural feast * Literature activities * Museums and galleries * Library

Ayudha pooja Vinayaka chathuthri

Humanizing Civic Institution

Green zone

Educational Institution

Typologies * Parks * Pet care * Museums * Library * War memorial * Exhibitions * Plazas * Cycle track

Typologies * Engineering College * High School * Medical College * Home science college * Mechanical Engineering college User group * Students - <14 / 25age * Teachers * Visitors * Services workers

User group *children *Elderly *Sport enthusiasts *yoga enthusiasts

Commercial zone Typologies * Shopping Centre * Mall * Co-Working Office space * Restaurants * Cafés

Government building

Typologies * Police head quarters * Taluk office * Reserve bank * BWSSB / DSSLRS * BESCOM office * BSNL office * Krishi bhavan * Chief Postmaster general office * karnataka housing office User group * Officers * Services workers * Daily wagers * Tourists

User group * Localities * IT workers * General Public

Green zone

Education institution

Important CIVIC building

Commercial zone

Gov. official building

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Accessibility to the site

Metro station nodes. Nearest station to site is Dr. Ambedkar Station

Cubbon park south entry to site

KR market to site

Freedom park to site

35 min

11 min-2.7km

25min

6 min-3km

Humanizing Civic Institution

11 min

4 min-1.8km

15min

10 min-1.4km

15min

National Military Memorial Park to site

Chinnaswamy stadium to site 20 min

20 min

20min

25 min

20 min-2.1km

30min

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Freedom park

MS Building - Site

Cubbon Park

High court

Vidhana soudha

National Military Memorial Park

Cubbon park statistic Scale compression Green scale around the vicinity

Golf course Freedom park

Cubbon park

ulsoor lake Lal bagh 0m

800m

Recreational activities in Cubbon park

Humanizing Civic Institution

User group statistics

Data referring to different age group of people using the park. The park is used maximum in the noon, people enjoying the shaded space and cool breeze in the park.

Survey of safety in cubbon park with different agendas

The reasons is mostly relaxation to get away from the concrete jungle and busy traffic in the city.

Gender survey of different time in a day

Time of mood for different activities.

General review of the park

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Humanizing Civic Institution

Heritage zone sections

Key paln

N The elevation helps to understand the placement of important civic building, to exhibits the monumental and authority image . The location on top of the terrain imply the story of establishment and scene of control.

Heritage zone elevation facing High-court

Heritage zone elevation facing Vidhana Soudha

Bangalore skyline 73

De-coding MS Building

Aerial view of the premise locating MS-Building

Humanizing Civic Institution

Building North East elevation

Building West elevation

View of the building

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

MS Building The 45-year-old building, which is located next to Vikasa Soudha, houses prominent government offices including the office of the Lokayukta, Karnataka Information Commission, IT, BT & S&T, E-governance department and various other secretariat offices, and is known as the bureaucratic nerve centre of the state.

7 stories building each floor dedicated each department. Ground floor catering to the general public. Activity around the site

Specific Dept. office Horizontal circulation Vertical circulation Restrooms

Humanizing Civic Institution

c A

Entry points

Complex axis point

Entry point to the building

Section A

Section B Public domain and parking

Minister parking

MS building

Court between two fins

Section C

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Site Premise

01. Vidhan soudha 02. Vikasa soudha 03. High Court 04. MS building park 05. KR circle 06. Cubbon park 07. Dr. B.R. Ambedkar road 08. Seshardi Road 09. UVCE 10 Indragandhi childern library

Total site area - 8.6 acer Excluding park, Road and Offset( 10M all side ) - 4.9acer Built area- 45% of the site - 9000sqm - 2.2acer parking space - 2000sqm Total FAR- 11000sqm

Humanizing Civic Institution

04 08

05 N

10 06

Building Documentation Vidhana Soudha

Vidhana Soudha- Atrium, Corridors, Office space, Assembly hall

Humanizing Civic Institution

Vikasa Soudha

Vikasa Soudha - Atrium, Entrance, light well.

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Sectional Drawings

Key plan 0m

25m 5m

Humanizing Civic Institution

15m

Gandhi park

Vikasa soudha

Sectional Elevation VE 0m

25m 5m

Assembly hall

Offset park

Court hall

Dr. B.R.Ambedkar road

Vidhana soudha

15m

Cubbon park

High court

Section VH 0m

25m

Court 01

15m

Court 02

MS -building entrance Vikasa soudha

Section VV 0m

15m

25m

Program Derivation The program is derived by refining the existing program which housed 40 departments. Each department studied and questioned the relevance to be in the proposal and the selected departments was which of the revenue generators for the government, rest would be relocated or decentralized. Proposed Program - After thorough study of the site, additional programs are added into the proposal which complements the location of the site, it’s history, relation with people and the imagery of the government.

Humanizing Civic Institution

Issues at the site

Issues in the building

* NO public platform and domain. * Shortage of general parking and required parking. * Not attended dead spaces. * Lack of public amenities. * NO bifurcation of vehicular movement

* Unused dead spaces * Poor planning * Inefficient office space * No designated parking space * Building poor maintenances * Poor ventilation

Program Abstraction Diagram

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Area statement Area distribution The Institution is divided into three sectors * The Gov. Offices * Public domain * Service amenities The diagram to the left explains the area distribution of the sectors in 11000sqm

Gov. Offices Total of 15 department in the institution. Area distribution for each department is shown in the diagram Total area - 4500sqm

Public domain Additional amenities for the public is added in the institution . Total area - 2400sqm

Humanizing Civic Institution

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Role of each department Role of the Home Department: The Home Department is an integral part of the criminal justice system in the State. It is responsible for the overall administration of the Police Department, Prisons Department, Directorate of Fire Services and Emergency Services, Department of Prosecutions and Department of ex-Servicemen welfare or Sainik Welfare. It is responsible for the policy, budget and supervision of these Departments and serves as the administrative department for the departments listed. Role of the transport department: The primary objective of the department is to maintain a database for all vehicles operating in the country and issue licenses for drivers. In addition, the department also engages in various other duties like tax collection, pollution check, and enforcement of road transportation rules. Role of the revenue department: All matters relating to levy and collection of Direct Taxes. All matters relating to levy and collection of Indirect Taxes. Investigation into economic offences and enforcement of economic laws. Role of the urban department: Preparation of Master Plan/Development Plan of the Urban Areas. Proper Management of Urban Areas with emphasis on provision of infrastructure and civic amenities to ensure a healthy living environment and to facilitate economic growth.

Humanizing Civic Institution

Role of commerce and industry department: The department is entrusted with formulating and implementing the foreign trade policy and responsibilities relating to multilateral and bilateral commercial relations, state trading, export promotion measures, and development and regulation of certain export oriented industries and commodities. Role of energy development department: Energy is the key input in economic growth and there is a close link between the availability of energy and the growth of a nation. Since energy is essential to conduct the process of Production, the process of economic development requires the use of higher levels of energy consumption. Role of Planning department: The Planning Department plays an administrative role. The department staffs the project teams that develop the master plans, sector plans, and other planning efforts that ultimately become the basis and guiding documents to help shape the Regulating Plan discussions. Role of Finance department: The finance department ensures the adequate and timely provision of funds for the business’s operations. It is also the department’s role to ensure the company pays its debtors and suppliers on time. The department also coordinates the monitoring of income and expenditures. of all scientific and technological activities, and of formulating policies, programs and projects to support national

Role of education department: The mission of the Department of Primary and Secondary Education is to equip children of the State with specified knowledge, skills and values to enable them to become good human beings and productive, socially responsible citizens and to achieve excellence in whatever they do. Role of Department of public works, ports and inland water transport: Karnataka Public Works, Ports, and Inland Water Transport Department (Karnataka PWD) ADMINISTRATIVE SET UP Public Works Department is responsible for road works including maintenance on National Highways, State Highways and Major District Roads and construction & maintenance of Government Buildings. Role of Tech bio of science and department of science and technology department: The Department of Science and Technology (DOST) is the premiere science and technology body in the country charged with the twin mandate of providing central direction, leadership and coordination

Role of department of personnel and administrative reforms : It is the custodian of the e-governance core infrastructure and basic administrative reform based applications created in the state. In fact, it is unique in the state as it is placed in Department of Personnel & Administrative Reforms (DPAR) which is directly accountable to the Chief Minister of the state. Role of Chief Secretariat Office : The Chief Secretary acts as the principal advisor to the chief minister on all matters of state administration. The Chief Secretary is the officer of Indian Administrative Service. Role of lokayukta:The Act enables a person aggrieved by the conduct of a public servant or in case of maladministration, corruption, misconduct or official indiscipline, a complaint may be filed before this institution in the prescribed format.

Students Logicality

Tourist passer-By

Officer/Workers

VIP - Ministers, Commissioners, Chief Secretariat

public domain

Auditorium Public forum

Central plaza Departments 1. 2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10 .11.12.13.14.15. Parking

Court halls

City User

Outsiders

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Humanizing Civic Institution

The Proposal Mapping the surrounding activities Documenting important building Zone bye laws Collection of surveyed data

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Concept Development

Parameters Building references from the context Connection of all public building to for a heritage network Take on monumental to environmental

Monumentality Imagery Authoritarian Establishment Constrained Visual connectivity

Evaluational responses Structural responses volumetric response Abstraction of notional ideas of Authority, Democracy and Government body. Materiality responses.

Environmental Sensibility Democracy Institutionalized Accessibility Physical connectivity

Humanizing Civic Institution

Vision for the Project Envisioning an civic administration centre in the urban fabric of Bangalore city, centre catering to people’s political awareness, cultural forum and city’s voice. By revision of the past to stretch the possibility of an infinite future by the touch of humanity and humanizing our ways of preserving space, time and architecture.

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Design strategies

Site and it’s immediate context

Vegetations on the site Design strategies 01

Reference lines from the surrounding building Humanizing Civic Institution

Site in rules and bye-laws

Climatic analysis Design strategies 02

Intersecting building reference line with lines with site lines 92

Cubbon park

Chikapetta

Connecting cubbon park inflow into the complex

Connecting all the public building/spaces around the vicinity(heritage zone), which generates a heritage walk which passes with-in the proposed site.

Massing iteration

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Design strategies

Lighter structures

Fragmented massing

Elevation response to the neighbouring main CIVIC building, The reference lines from the context portray the notion of growth and development. Abstraction from the past to create the new future.

Proposed Ideas for existing Civic building

To convert monumentality into environmental, to perceive volume and nature together. Idea is to get inflow of greenery into the building.

Humanizing Civic Institution

Office space strategies Breaking the idea of conventional cubical system, vision is to remove the of ridge walls.

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Interventions

N 250m

0m 50m

Total site area - 8.6 acer Excluding park, Road and Offset( 10M all side ) - 4.9acer Built area- 45% of the site - 9000sqm - 2.2acer parking space - 2000sqm Total FAR- 11000sqm

Metro station

Bus stops Auto stand Site of intervention Extension of public realm

Pause points

Humanizing Civic Institution

150m

A. P

Main site Intervention. The site is engaged with important civic buildings i.e Vidhan soudha, Viaksa soudha, High court and surrounded with green lung of the city - Cubbon park. Minor intervention Footpath stretched within the offset space of the parallel building to improve the pedestrian interface with site A

Objectives Accessibility De-constructing the notion of restricted boundaries and restricting only visual connection for the public.

Transparency Metaphorical image of the democratic government vocal and transparent to the general public(citizens).

Public domain General office building going beyond the program brief : potential of generating and civic gathering for the city

Office work efficiency Improving productivity and efficiency of administration Interlinking different departments and to function has one system. Inter cross department awareness.

City’s centre Generating an image for the city and providing adequate facilities for the public realm, which reciprocate As a voice for the people of the city. Public celebration Social gathering Place for Potest

Restoring the past memory Giving back the encroached green space back to the city.

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Iteration

Play with Floor Plane

Humanizing Civic Institution

Play of Horizontal Plane

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Design evolution

Play of Vertical plane

Humanizing Civic Institution

100

Process

Creating buffer zones from the site lines and sinking the road to creating a vast upper plaza

101

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Architectural Drawings

Geometrical exploration in massing Circulation pattern

Basement 01 plan @-5m Humanizing Civic Institution

Basement 02 plan @-8, 102

Master plan Ground level@+3.5M 0m

103

25m

15m

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Ground Floor

Plan level@+3.5M

Humanizing Civic Institution

N 0m

25m 5m

15m

104

First Floor

Plan@+4.5m 105

N 0m

25m 5m

15m

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Second Floor plan@+8M

Humanizing Civic Institution

N 0m

25m 5m

15m

106

Third Floor plan@+10m 107

N 0m

25m 5m

15m

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Circulation Diagram

Ramp Connections to upper levels Service core - Lifts, Fire staircase,

Toilets, Electrical rooms, Storage room.

Humanizing Civic Institution

108

Program Diagram 109

Each individual office departments

Lokayukta Court hall

Canteen

Service core

Auditorium

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

Architectural sections

P’

O’

Key Plan

Main program

Humanizing Civic Institution

Roof plan

Buffer threshold

open court

Buffer threshold

Main program

110

Section OO’ 0m

25m 5m

15m

Section PP’ 0m

25m 5m

119

15m

Proposal merging with the context

Connecting surrounding domain with the proposal

Proposed elevation Humanizing Civic Institution

112

Section CC’ 0m

Key wall section 25m

15m

Section MM’ 0m

25m 5m

15m

Key plan

123

M’ C’

Humanizing Civic Institution

114

Accessibility Transparency Public domain Office work efficiency City’s centre

127

proposed vissioned view

Humanizing Civic Institution

116

FREEDOM

PARK RK L PA

ORIA

M L ME WAL

THE SECRETARY

CITY

BON

CUB

ARY

LIBR

K PAR

TOWN HALL

Proposed intent reciprocated as diagram, Idea of connecting all public buildings indicating the possible network for establishing an heritage walk.

131

VENKATAPPA MUSEUM

Renders

Entrance opening from MS park

Humanizing Civic Institution

118

Inside plaza showing bridges and green zone

Inside lobby space

Corridor spaces 119

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013

References

Chapter 01 Charles correa. (2010). A a place in the shade.

Penguin Books India, 2010.

Chapter 02 Aldo Rossi; Peter Eisenman; Graham Foundation for Advanced Studies in the Fine Arts,; Institute for Architecture and Urban Studies,(1982). The architecture of the city. Cambridge, Mass. : MIT Press,1982. Chapter 03 https://tractebel-engie.com/files/attachments/.2425/Civic-Architecture.pdf https://hmcarchitects.com/thought-leadership/civic-building-and-civiccenter-architecture-design-for-the-public/ Chapter 04 https://www.bengaluruonline.in/city-guide/art-and-culture-in-bangalore https://vak1969.com/2020/12/13/a-simple-narration-of-bangalores-historyover-the-last-2000-years/ http://www.southindiatour.org/karnataka/bangalore/vidhan-soudha.html https://www.onmanorama.com/travel/outside-kerala/2019/12/21/tipusultan-bangalore-fort-summer-palace.html Chapter 05 Archdaily, retrieved on 27rd October 2021. https://www.archdaily.com/83071/ ad-classics-national-assembly-building-of-bangladesh-louis-kahn, Archdaily, retrieved on 5rd October 2021. https://www.archdaily.com/440/ oslo-opera-house-snohetta?ad_source=search&ad_medium=projects_tab https://www.rsh-p.com/projects/civic/bordeaux-law-courts/ https://www.archdaily.com/613851/chandigarh-under-siege-lecorbusier-s-capitol-complex-threatened-by-housing-development?ad_ source=search&ad_medium=projects_tab&ad_source=search&ad_ medium=search_result_all

Humanizing Civic Institution

120

121

Undergraduate Architectural thesis | Dhanush.H | 4CM17AT013