Lets make streetworks second nature
DIG SMART
Why Dig Smart
Why Dig Smart
Why Dig Smart Clancy Docwra is one of the UK’s largest utility solutions providers, working for most of the major utility companies across all the utility sectors. Clancy Docwra prides itself on providing all client requirements in terms of safety, quality and delivery and we aspire to become the leading utility solutions provider in the UK arena. This aspiration flows through into our streetworks operations, aiming for recognition as the industry leader.
Why Dig Smart • So far this financial year This region has made a potential loss broken down as follows:
• • • •
£32,490.00 for the original defects @ £142.50/defect £66,832.50 for reinspections @ £37/reinspection £10,720.00 for FPNs
£110,042.50 Total costs
• The true costs however are ten times as much > £1m Pretty much equal split across both contracts with SPEN being slightly higher across the board
Why Dig Smart To achieve this objective, we need to improve our current performance and our standards across all of our workstream activities. As part of this process, a series of Competency Training sessions have been developed to increase the knowledge of employees. Topics covered are as follows:
• • • •
Planning & Enabling, Signing/Lighting and Guarding, Backfilling Reinstating.
All Clancy Docwra employees and sub-contractor partners who work on the highway are expected to complete the relevant session and achieve the required pass mark. In addition, any employee who’s work falls below standard may be required to re-sit the session or receive on site mentoring.
PLANNING SURVEY RISK ASSESSMENT
PLANNING TEAM
SAFETY PUBLIC IMPACT DIG SMART
COMMUNICATION
MAINTENANCE
EXCAVATION TEAM
MATERIAL BACKFILL REINSTATEMENT
REINSTATEMENT TEAM
PLANNING SURVEY RISK ASSESSMENT SAFETY PUBLIC IMPACT DIG SMART
COMMUNICATION
MAINTENANCE MATERIAL BACKFILL REINSTATEMENT
COMMUNICATION
Training Delivery Method • Series of classroom based training sessions • Combined with on site assessments/mentoring and further training Tailored to each contract / LA but with one clear goal
Plan
Risk/Safety Assess
Excavate & Repair Asset
Reinstate
#DIGSMART #HOMESAFE #RIGHTFIRSTTIME
Lets make streetworks second nature
SMART PLANNING
Content • WHY DIG SMART • SMART PLANNING • • • • •
SMART SURVEY
• • • •
SMART MAINTENANCE
SMART RISK ASSESSEMENT SMART SAFETY SMART PUBLIC IMPACT
SMART COMMUNICATION
SMART MATERIALS
SMART BACKFILL SMART REINSTATEMENT
Smart Planning As a business we monitor closely our areas of failure to identify where we need to improve. On the whole we have major concerns over the following issues:
• • • • • • • • •
Planning and enabling of works Injuries our works may cause to employees and members of the public Pedestrian provision (particularly for people with disabilities) Signing/lighting and guarding to the required standard Safe dig techniques Safe access and egress in and out of sites Backfill operations
Reinstatement quality The impact our works have on our customers and the general public
Smart Planning -
Compliance hasn’t been great LA not impressed with CD across both clients
DO’s DO you have Ensure
DON’T Set upDONT site, or
A notice prior to setting up site, or beginning excavation
begin excavation without checking there is a notice in place
Confirm the TM on the notice matches the TM on site
Place spoil onto a public area unless there is a notice to cover it
Ensure the notice(s) cover the entire job
Leave site without making sure SLG is compliant
Advise a manager or the office of any change to the scope of works
Start job if area of works is Traffic Sensitive, until 2 ho urs after notice is raised
The key principles for road works authorities and undertakers are: ACCURATE INFORMATION – most notice periods specified in the legislation and regulations are minimum periods. Longer periods of notice should be given whenever possible, and notice information should be updated at the earliest possible opportunity; COMMUNICATION – regular communication between road works authorities and undertakers is vitally important. Local Road Authorities and Utilities Committee (RAUC) liaison meetings between road works authorities, undertakers and other interested parties play a central role. FLEXIBILITY – the need to balance the potentially conflicting interests of road users and undertakers’ customers. Recognition that work programmes and possibly working practices may have to be revised to deliver well coordinated works.
Smart Planning - Where are we working?
Smart Planning - Where are we working?
Smart Planning - Where are we working?
Smart Planning - Where are we working?
Smart Planning – starts with communication
Lets make streetworks second nature
SMART SURVEY
Content • WHY DIG SMART • SMART PLANNING • • • • •
SMART SURVEY
• • • •
SMART MAINTENANCE
SMART RISK ASSESSEMENT SMART SAFETY SMART PUBLIC IMPACT
SMART COMMUNICATION
SMART MATERIALS
SMART BACKFILL SMART REINSTATEMENT
Smart Surveying - Where are we working?
Smart Surveying - Where are we working?
Smart Surveying - Where are we working?
Smart Surveying - Where are we working?
Smart Surveying - Where are we working?
Smart Surveying • Safe Dig Drawings can be good • They can also be poor • Part of any Risk Assessment is Locating all services before you excavate
Smart Surveying – starts with communication
Lets make streetworks second nature
SMART RISK ASSESSMENT
Content • WHY DIG SMART • SMART PLANNING • • • • •
SMART SURVEY
• • • •
SMART MAINTENANCE
SMART RISK ASSESSEMENT SMART SAFETY SMART PUBLIC IMPACT
SMART COMMUNICATION
SMART MATERIALS
SMART BACKFILL SMART REINSTATEMENT
Smart Risk Assessment Ask yourself this question: “Will someone coming along the road or footway from any direction understand exactly what is happening and what is expected of them?”
• When you set up site • Do your traffic count • Look at your surroundings • Consider the risks • If you cant set up to the RED BOOK • Risk Assess your situation • Start with page 54 of RED BOOK
Smart Risk Assessment - Basic site layout
What speed of road is this? (note page 54)
Smart Risk Assessment
Smart Risk Assessment
Smart Risk Assessment - Information board At least one contract specific information board must be displayed at every site. Most Clancy Docwra information boards are designed to fit in the central recess of our standard barrier.
Smart Risk Assessment - Advanced signs
These should be placed where they will be clearly seen and cause minimum inconvenience to drivers, cyclists, pedestrians and other road users. Ensure there is minimum risk of them being hit or knocked over by traffic.
• The ‘Road Works Ahead’ sign is the first sign to be seen by the driver, so place it well before the works
• A ‘Road Narrows Ahead’ sign warns the driver which side of the carriageway is obstructed. Make sure these are set out the right way round.
• Place ‘Keep Right’, or as appropriate, ‘Keep Left’ signs at the beginning and end of the lead-in taper of cones
Smart Risk Assessment - Advanced signs You are at greatest risk when setting out the signing and guarding, so great care is needed to ensure you can see the traffic and the traffic can see you.
• Wear your high visibility clothing, putting it on before leaving the vehicle • Make sure the roof-mounted amber beacons are switched on and operating • Face the traffic when setting out signs
Smart Risk Assessment - Works on footways It is your responsibility to make sure that pedestrians are safe during the works. This means protecting them from both the works and passing traffic. If you have to block a footway or part of a footway, you must provide a safe route for pedestrians which should include access to adjacent buildings, properties and public areas. Safe routes should always provide an absolute minimum unobstructed width of 1m, increased wherever possible to 1.5m or more. When temporary pedestrian routes have to be placed in the carriageway, make sure the barriers are put into place before the footway is blocked.
Smart Risk Assessment - Works on footways
Lets make streetworks second nature
SMART SAFETY
Content • WHY DIG SMART • SMART PLANNING • • • • •
SMART SURVEY
• • • •
SMART MAINTENANCE
SMART RISK ASSESSEMENT SMART SAFETY SMART PUBLIC IMPACT
SMART COMMUNICATION
SMART MATERIALS
SMART BACKFILL SMART REINSTATEMENT
Smart Safety – Assess How we’re working
You must always wear the appropriate PPE for the task you are carrying out
Smart Safety – Assess where we’re working • Safe Dig Drawings can be good • They can also be poor • Part of any Risk Assessment is Locating all services before you excavate
Smart Safety – Excavation Technique • • • • • • • • • • • •
Make sure you have an authorised permit to dig Make sure your risk assessment is complete Use detection tools – CAT4 & Genny Always ensure minimum 5 point PPE is worn while on site Risk assess for any additional PPE requirements Practise safe excavation techniques and understand the value of hand digging and the risk of using power tools or mechanical excavators You should carefully plan and manage mechanical excavation Do not use power tools or mechanical excavator within 500mm of any known service witch to hand digging technique Always make every effort to dig along side the service rather than directly above services Always make sure you have orange insulated tools Never use Pick, Pins or Forks Do not exceed 1.2Mtr depth without further risk assessment (shoring will be provide where required as per the risk assessment).
Smart Safety – Assess our surroundings Today’s roads are full of fast, heavy traffic. Drivers have to keep a constant look-out for changing road conditions. Road users should not be put at risk, and should be informed well in advance about the size and nature of any obstruction. This applies to vulnerable users – including pedestrians, cyclists, motorcyclists and horse riders – as well as drivers. You must also pay particular attention to the needs of blind and disabled people, children, elderly people and people with prams.
Smart Safety If you want to park a works vehicle in front of the works to give some physical protection, or to work from it, keep a distance between the vehicle and the works of:
• Speed limit of 30 mph or under - 2m • Speed limit of 40 mph or above - 5m
Remember - Eyes are everywhere
Remember the power of social media
Lets make streetworks second nature
SMART CUSTOMER
Content • WHY DIG SMART • SMART PLANNING • • • • •
SMART SURVEY
• • • •
SMART MAINTENANCE
SMART RISK ASSESSEMENT SMART SAFETY SMART CUSTOMER IMPACT
SMART COMMUNICATION
SMART MATERIALS
SMART BACKFILL SMART REINSTATEMENT
Who are our customers
Public
Smart With the customer When planning works any works on the public highway, whether it be under a noticing system or a permit system the basics are the same. Whether working for one day or three months, again, the basics are the same
All streetworks guarding must be erected in accordance with the guidance contained within the “Safety at Street Works Code of Practice� (the Red Book). At least one person holding a current NRSWA card must be on site at all times during working hours. The card should be kept with the operative and available for inspection if required.
Particular care and attention must always be given to the safety of the public and those working around you.
Smart With the customer Correct SLG is the responsibility of all site personnel. Getting it wrong has many consequences; including the potential for death or serious injury to yourself, road users and pedestrians, and a possible prison sentence for those responsible.
Smart With the customer There are two main reasons:
• To minimise the risk of injury to the general public and yourself • To meet legislation requirements (as laid down in the Red Book)
Smart With the customer Who does what ?
It is the responsibility of all Team members to sign, guard, light and maintain the site encompassing all works. Take time to plan how you will do this and to decide on what equipment you will need. Check the local area for schools, elderly peoples homes, hospitals etc. Speak to your Site Manager to confirm any special requirements e.g. footway closures.
Smart With the customer
Smart With the customer - Works on Footways Walkways must be provided. Utilise drop kerbs or place kerb ramps for use by disabled people and those with prams.
Smart With the customer - Works on Footways Walkways must be provided. Utilise drop kerbs or place kerb ramps for use by disabled people and those with prams.
Smart With the customer - Works on Footways Step back and see the full picture. If our guarded works can not provide safe conditions for pedestrians, consider minimising the barriers and fixing a path board to open up the footway.
Smart With the customer Carry out a risk assessment before any changes in the SLG are undertaken. Pedestrian access must be maintained at all times.
Remember - Eyes are everywhere
Remember the power of social media
Lets make streetworks second nature SMART COMMUNICATION
Content • WHY DIG SMART • SMART PLANNING • • • • •
SMART SURVEY
• • • •
SMART MAINTENANCE
SMART RISK ASSESSEMENT SMART SAFETY SMART CUSTOMER IMPACT
SMART COMMUNICATION
SMART MATERIALS
SMART BACKFILL SMART REINSTATEMENT
Smart Communication
Smart Communication • Between client and us • Between us and client • Between us and authorities • Most authorities if contacted and involved throughout will be more lenient when problems arise
• The authorities can’t plan there own works or other utilities if they are kept in the dark
• Between back office and site • Between site and back office • We don’t appear to plan for whole job • We can’t plan reinstatement if all key members aren't involved in making decisions • We will overrun if we are not talking to each other throughout the job
Smart Communication Within Clancy Docwra there are various potential costs for not getting it right:
• • • • • • •
Defects/inadequacies – Issued by Local Authorities for below standard works Emergency defects rang in from members of public to local authorities Section 74’s – Issued by Local Authorities for works over-running FPN’s – Issued by Local Authorities for noticing offences Insurance claims – For injuries, property damage and losses due to our works Defects – The cost of wages/materials/plant etc. for work not being done right first time Interims – The cost of wages/materials/plant etc. for work not being done right first time
The effect of not getting it right is not just financial.
• • • • •
Injuries to members of the public and employees Client perception High level of customer complaints Loss of accreditation to SWUK High staff turnover
Smart Communication
30% of ALL costs within this business is down to pure Communication Generally with someone you know well and who you know will be coming to site after YOU
Lets make streetworks second nature SMART MAINTENANCE
Content • WHY DIG SMART • SMART PLANNING • • • • •
SMART SURVEY
• • • •
SMART MAINTENANCE
SMART RISK ASSESSEMENT SMART SAFETY SMART CUSTOMER IMPACT
SMART COMMUNICATION
SMART MATERIALS
SMART BACKFILL SMART REINSTATEMENT
Smart Maintenance Check regularly that signs have not been moved or damaged or become dirty, including when the site is left unattended for a period of time. (in Scotland it is MANDATORY that you maintain each site every 24hrs and record it) Where site or traffic conditions change, appropriate adjustments should be made to signing, lighting and guarding.
Smart Maintenance Remove surplus as soon as possible. Excess spoil can be a danger to road / footway users and to yourself.
Remember an excavation that is only 700mm deep is a Deep Excavation if the pile of spoil at the side is also 700mm Especially where underpin occurs
Smart Maintenance Ensure barriers are maintained to protect people from our works. Sites like the one below also give a bad public image.
Remember - Eyes are everywhere
Remember the power of social media
Lets make streetworks second nature SMART MATERIALS
Content • WHY DIG SMART • SMART PLANNING • • • • •
SMART SURVEY
• • • •
SMART MAINTENANCE
SMART RISK ASSESSEMENT SMART SAFETY SMART CUSTOMER IMPACT
SMART COMMUNICATION
SMART MATERIALS
SMART BACKFILL SMART REINSTATEMENT
SMART about Materials Footpath / Bridleway This is a public right of way and not a S74 chargeable area
Footway / Cycle track This is a S74 chargeable area And is a public right of way for pedestrians that is situated alongside a Carriageway
Note: For works on public highways such as footpaths and bridleways the reinstatement classification appropriate to the Site Location should be used, e.g. made-up footpaths should be classified as footway, unmade footpaths and bridleways as verges, and metalled highways as carriageway.
Lets make streetworks second nature
SMART BACKFILL
Content • WHY DIG SMART • SMART PLANNING • • • • •
SMART SURVEY
• • • •
SMART MAINTENANCE
SMART RISK ASSESSEMENT SMART SAFETY SMART CUSTOMER IMPACT
SMART COMMUNICATION
SMART MATERIALS
SMART BACKFILL SMART REINSTATEMENT
Lifting
You have a legal duty to look after yourself and anyone affected by what you do or don’t do. (LOLER) THE LIFTING OPERATIONS AND LIFTING EQUIPMENT REGULATIONS 1998
Hydraulic legs • Legs must always be used when using a hiab • Ensure no damage is done to the surface when lowering legs • If possible, use blocks to spread load and protect surfaces
Parking the vehicle • Ensure vehicle is parked in a safe manner • Do not park on footways • Do not reach across live traffic
Parking the vehicle
•
Ensure that all vehicles are parked safely and with adequate protection and SLG
•
Do not reach across live footways
Parking the vehicle • Do not block roads or junctions (any road closures must be legal and agreed with relevant persons). If unsure contact your supervisor
Parking the vehicle Carry out a risk assessment before any changes in the SLG are undertaken. Pedestrian access must be maintained at all times.
Remember - Eyes are everywhere
Remember the power of social media
Before works commence • Can disruption be minimised or eliminated by good forward planning? • Can excavated materials be reused or removed immediately, or stored for collection off the highway or to a location which will cause less impact?
• Can the timing of visits by the grab vehicle be planned so as not to cause disruption at certain times e.g. during the “school rush”?
Before starting to backfill • • •
•
Ensure all debris and water are removed from excavation Report all damaged ducting to relevant utility If there is a need to remove trench support, contact supervisor and arrange for a qualified person to be on site. DO NOT REMOVE TRENCH SUPPORT UNLESS QUALIFIED Use correct lifting equipment and check all slings/chains have appropriate test tags and are not damaged. If damaged - DO NOT USE
Tips for good compaction Lift too thin – poor compaction • • •
Top of layer overstressed Granular materials crushed Low density at top of layer
Correct lift thickness – good compaction • •
Near uniform compaction throughout the layer Stable layer
Lift too thick – poor compaction • • •
Inadequate compaction results in low density for lower half of layer High air voids High settlement
Compaction equipment Vibro-tamper Mainly used for trench reinstatement (often called a trench rammer) Equally capable of compacting cohesive and granular materials Not preferred for applications involving a layer thickness of 50mm or less
Vibrating plate Mainly used for trench compaction Equally capable of compacting cohesive and granular materials
Effects of poor compaction When reinstatements fail, the problem is often due to poor compaction of the structural layers. This can lead to a failure of the reinstatement. Signs include:
• Settlement at the reinstatement surface • Cracking and spalling of the surface • Pooling of water at the surface Further consequences may include:
• Increased risk of accidents for vehicles and pedestrians • Increased risk of damage to underground apparatus • The reinstatement having to be redone in the future
35% of our companies defects are down to pure compaction
Effects of poor compaction
Effects of poor compaction
Tips for good compaction • Check materials for composition and • • • •
moisture content Select suitable compaction plant Check for correct lift thickness Use the correct surcharge Use the correct number of compactor passes
Compaction testing It is required that after compaction of every 100 - 150mm layer of sub-base materials, a Clegg reading should be taken to ensure the minimum compaction standards have been achieved.
• Footway = 22 • Carriageway = 30
Layers: Type 0, 1 & 2 roads
Layers: Type 3 & 4 roads, footway & cycleways
Backfill materials composition
• Solids – the natural soil or rock particles. The solid component of the material cannot be made much denser by compaction
• Water – coating the solid particles and filling voids. The water or moisture content of a material cannot be made denser by compaction
• Air voids – up to 20% of a loose backfill is made up of air. Compaction removes air from the loose soil, and reduces the air content to between 5 and 10%
Backfill moisture content Moisture content is very important because it acts as a lubricant and helps compaction.
. If there is not enough moisture, the material: Will not compact well • Will have a high air content • May have high settlements
If the moisture is correct, the material will: • Compact well • Have high strength • Have minimum settlement If there is too much moisture, the material: • Will be too wet to compact well • Will have low strength • May not support traffic loads
Backfill material quality • • • •
Ensure that materials are suitable for purpose Asses moisture content Asses particle size Look out for contamination
If material is poor quality DO NOT USE and contact your supervisor immediately.
Backfill material quality Ensure all materials are stored in a suitable area
Backfill material quality Ensure materials are fit for purpose
Unacceptable
Backfill material quality
Acceptable
Backfill material quality • • •
Ensure any visible substantial “foreign” objects are removed from any recycled material (see below). Left in situ this will only put doubts as to the material quality if seen by LA inspectors. Ensure that there is no material greater than 50mm on the surface for the same reason
Removal of surplus • Ensure no damage is done to surfaces
Verges and unmade ground Where the road structure does not extend into the verge or unmade ground, and there is no kerb, any reinstatement within 600mm of the road must include sub-base material, placed as shown here:
Fixed features All fixed features, such as edgings, surface boxes, ironware etc., should be level and as flush as possible with adjacent surfaces. They shall be installed to meet the following criteria:
• The difference in level with the adjacent surface shall not exceed +/- 6mm • Drainage features shall be set flush with the adjacent surface, and should never be more than 6mm below this level
• Kerbs must be replaced as soon as possible • All concrete haunching must be replaced as per original
Fixed features
Example of a fixed feature at incorrect level
Reminder Areas relating to failure:
• No Pipe bedding used • Incorrect compaction of materials How to ensure compliance:
• Always use pipe bedding. Pipe bedding should be laid to a maximum depth of 250mm above the crown of the service or main
• Backfill excavations using the correct depth of layers. Each layer must be between 100mm and 150mm deep
• Each layer should be clegg tested • Use the correct compaction plant for the job and use it correctly • Ensure any defective or damaged plant is reported to the HELPLINE immediately
Reminder • • • •
Ensure that all mud and detritus is cleared from surfaces
•
Confirm the location on the work order tallies with actual location. If there is a difference, ensure these details are noted and communicated correctly
•
Ensure remaining cavity depth is correct for surface layers
Take accurate measurements of the excavation Take accurate photos of the excavation and lifts
Confirm the type of surface to reinstate against work order. If they don’t match, advise the appropriate person
Existing surface
Existing surface Cavity depth
Backfill
Remember - Eyes are everywhere
Remember the power of social media
Lets make streetworks second nature
SMART REINSTATEMENT
Content • WHY DIG SMART • SMART PLANNING • • • • •
SMART SURVEY
• • • •
SMART MAINTENANCE
SMART RISK ASSESSEMENT SMART SAFETY SMART CUSTOMER IMPACT
SMART COMMUNICATION
SMART MATERIALS
SMART BACKFILL SMART REINSTATEMENT
Reinstatement Competency
Tips for good compaction • Check that the temperature of hot-lay material is in the specified range at the time of delivery and at the time of compaction
• Follow correct procedures for compacting in confined spaces (around boxes etc.) • Use the correct number of passes with a suitable compactor
FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH THE ABOVE MAY RESULT IN DEFECTIVE CORES BEING FOUND AND RELEVANT FINES /COSTS BEING ATTRIBUTED TO THE WORKS.
Tips for good compaction
Air Void Content Requirements Bituminous Materials 6 mm Dense Bitumen Surface Course 10 mm Close Graded Surface Course HRA Surface Course SMA Surface Course HRA Base (Roadbase) HRA Binder Course PCSM Materials Note: NP = Not Permitted
Carriageways Footways Max (%) Min (%) Max (%) Min (%) NP NP 13 2 10 2 NP NP 8 2 10 2 8 2 10 2 10 2 12 2 10 2 12 2 10 2 13 2
Tips for good compaction
Cost = defect charge + rework + cost of core (paid to LA)
Core drilling Core sample being measured for length
Compaction equipment Vibro-tamper Mainly used for trench reinstatement (often called a trench rammer) Equally capable of compacting cohesive and granular materials Not preferred for applications involving a layer thickness of 50mm or less
Vibrating plate Mainly used for trench compaction Equally capable of compacting cohesive and granular materials
Compaction equipment Vibrating roller-single drum
Mainly used for compaction of bituminous surfacing Capable of compacting cohesive and granular materials (better for granular) Often supplied with breaker attachment
Vibrating roller-twin drum Mainly used for compaction of bituminous surfacings Capable of compacting cohesive and granular materials (better for granular)
Compaction equipment • Tow safely – number plate, raised jockey wheel, break away cable attached, lights in place and working
• Check for oil leaks • Check oil level daily
Stihl/Road saw • • • • • •
Ensure blade matches what you are cutting Ensure machine speed and blade are compatible Tie back any loose clothing Wear appropriate PPE Don’t drop start equipment – start saw with cutter on ground with foot on ground Ensure water is used for dust suppression
Edge regularity The edges of excavations should be trimmed, at binder course and/or surface course level, to meet the following requirements:
• All bound edges shall be essentially straight, smooth and vertical • All openings shall be "squared off" as necessary to give a reasonably regular, plain shape when viewed from above:
Performance requirements The reinstatement of any surface should be completed so that:
• It is flat and flush with the surrounding surface • There is no significant crowning or depression of the surface • The difference in level (construction tolerance) at the edge of the reinstatement should not exceed +/- 6mm Once the reinstatement is completed and opened to traffic, the intervention limits specified in the SROH will apply.
Edge depressions An edge depression is a vertical step or trip at the interface of the reinstatement and the existing surface. Intervention is required where the depth of any edge depression exceeds 10mm over a continuous length of more than 100mm in any direction.
Surface depressions A surface depression is an area within the reinstatement having generally smooth edges and gently sloping sides, forming a shallow dish.
Intervention will be required where the depth of any area of surface depression spanning more than 100mm in any plan dimension exceeds the intervention limit X shown in Table S2.1 of the SROH
Surface depressions
Surface crowning Surface crowning is where the reinstatement is above the main level of the adjacent surface.
Intervention shall be required where the height of any area of surface crowning spanning more than 100mm in any plan dimension exceeds the intervention limits Z shown in Table S2.2 of the SROH.
Surface crowning
Poor reinstatement
Poor reinstatement
Poor reinstatement
Fixed features All fixed features, such as edgings, surface boxes, ironware etc., should be level and as flush as possible with adjacent surfaces. They shall be installed to meet the following criteria:
• The difference in level with the adjacent surface shall not exceed +/- 6mm • Drainage features shall be set flush with the adjacent surface, and should never be more than 6mm below this level
• Kerbs must be replaced as soon as possible • All concrete haunching must be replaced as per original
Fixed features
Example of a fixed feature at incorrect level
300/250/150mm rules These rules apply where the proposed extent of any excavation is within the following distances to street furniture, fixed features etc. • 150mm rule: Footway • 250mm rule: Carriageway
• 300mm rule: Concrete Carriageway In all cases the excavation must be extended to the street furniture / fixed feature. How to ensure compliance: • Ensure all above rules are adhered to • If in doubt, take it out
150mm rule
Edge sealant Use only approved materials
Edge preparations • • • •
Cut back edges to correct angles Paint edges with edge sealant or appropriate spray
Cut back to existing furniture / trenches Ensure signing, lighting and guarding is maintained during works
Modular reinstatement
For modules up to 300mm, all modules within 150mm of the excavation must be removed.
For modules larger than 300mm, all modules overlapping the excavation must be removed.
Modular reinstatement 1. Check that all necessary materials for reinstatement are on site. Remember any damaged modules will need to be replaced. 2. Check the sub-base layer is to the correct tolerance. Make good any defects (excess moisture, contamination etc.). 3. When using sand bedding, place and compact the sand to the required tolerance. The typical compacted thickness of bedding should be 25mm. 4. When using mortar bedding, place and level in order to accept slabs etc. to the required tolerance. 5. Match and place modules to fit existing layout or bond. 6. Modules (cobbles, setts, pavers, flags and slabs) placed on bedding sand may require compaction. To limit damage, the vibrating plate should be fitted with a neoprene cover. 7. Match existing jointing. Brush jointing sand, or point with suitable grout, in the spaces between modules. 8. Remove excess materials from surface.
Reminder • • • •
Ensure that all mud is cleared from surfaces Take accurate measurements of the excavation Take accurate photos of the area when finished Confirm the type of surface to reinstate against work order. If they don’t match, advise the appropriate person
• Confirm the location on the work order tallies with actual location. If there is a difference, ensure these details are noted and communicated correctly
Reminder • Ensure that all equipment and materials are removed from site
• Any equipment left could be a possible S74 liability
• If unsure, either remove or contact supervisor
Reminder
For a permanent reinstatement, before it is left, the site must be returned to the condition it was in before the reinstatement took place. For an unattended site, the site must be left in a safe and secure condition.
Have pride in your work. Remember - The reinstatement is the final part of the process and this is what is left as a legacy of the works.
Remember - Eyes are everywhere
Remember the power of social media
Lets make streetworks second nature
SMART about DEFECTS
Content • WHY DIG SMART • SMART PLANNING • • • • •
SMART SURVEY
• • • • •
SMART MAINTENANCE
SMART RISK ASSESSEMENT SMART SAFETY SMART CUSTOMER IMPACT
SMART COMMUNICATION
SMART MATERIALS
SMART BACKFILL SMART REINSTATEMENT SMART ABOUT DEFECTS
Common Misunderstandings • The New Roads and Streetworks Act (NRSWA) is the primary legislation • Section 71 of this Act states: “An undertaker executing streetworks SHALL in reinstating the street, with such requirements as may be prescribed as to the specification of materials to be used and the standards of workmanship to be observed.”
• The Code of practice ‘Specification for Reinstatements for Openings in the Highway’ (SROH) is the ONLY document you SHALL use to define how you should work • We do not have any local agreements.
IF IT ISN’T IN THE BOOK YOU DON’T DO IT.
General Defects • Last year 2017-18 this contract had a total of ** - SLG Defects ** - defects from works that are less than 6 months old ** - defects from works that are almost 2 years old
Today we will be concentrating on the ** Defects • • • •
The authorities will have charged us £142.50 for every defect The true cost of each defect is actually £650.00 That equals £** for last year This year 2018-19 we will be looking for 20% reduction on all streetworks costs
The Top Ten What are the typical defects? • • • • • • • • • •
Back fill around apparatus Compaction General cutting back around an excavation Angular cut backs 150 / 250/ 300 mm rule Painting of edges Concrete textures Fillets Top soil and seed or turf Aesthetics
Around Apparatus Always leave enough room around the apparatus to enable FULL compaction
Compaction >35% of all company defects are down to compaction
How will you get full compaction around this?
Compaction 1.
Make sure your material is suitable for back fill
If the particles are bigger than 75mm then this is an automatic failure • Too dry and it wont compact • Too wet and it will heave • The material should be cohesive so that it will bind well and support the next layers of reinstatement
Compaction 2. 3.
Always compact in layers Always clegg every layer so that you are fully aware that you have given it your best
Lets put some pride back in our work
Cutting and trimming around excavations • Trim all excavations at construction stage • When the reinstaters turn up and have to cut back remember that they will have asphalt going off on the back of the truck • If the edges of the trench are undermined then cut back • Grab wagons do not carry saws and they can’t get full compaction if there is a void • If it looks rough then the authority will look closer • Authorities want the highway back to its original condition • If they notice poor workmanship they will look to see what ever else you may have done wrong
Angular Cut Back
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Edge outline prepared for permanent reinstatement
Excavated Edge
150 / 250 /300 Rules • Where the trimmed edge is within the following:o 250mm for carriageway o 150mm for footway o 300mm for concrete carriageway • Of any road edge , kerbing, other fixed feature or another reinstatement the trim line will be extended so that you meet the requirements
300 mm
300mm ?
300 mm
150 / 250 /300 Rules • Cut square but do not over cut • What is typically known as CROWS FEET
Painting and Edges Where do we paint? • All vertical edges o All adjacent asphalt edges o Any adjacent concrete edges o All apparatus o All kerbs • We MUST paint the vertical faces to ensure clean contact • We MUST paint the first 100m of all excavations • We MUST paint at binder course • Once binder course is in We MUST paint again
Temperature Control Why? Check that the temperature of hot-lay material is in the specified range at the time of delivery and at the time of compaction. Follow correct procedures for compacting in confined spaces (around boxes etc.). Use the correct number of passes with a suitable compactor.
Obtain FULL compaction FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH THE ABOVE MAY RESULT IN DEFECTIVE CORES BEING FOUND AND RELEVANT FINES /COSTS BEING ATTRIBUTED TO THE WORKS.
Temperature Control 20% Air voids
Cost= >ÂŁ1000 (reworks + cost of core + cost of defect)
Concrete Texture Why is this so important? • The texture should match that of the existing • Quite often the way the texture runs is critical to o Drainage of surface o Skid resistance o Aesthetics
IF YOU GET THIS WRONG AND THERE IS AN ACCIDENT WE WILL BE IN COURT
Concrete Tamping Lines
Fillets What are the typical defects? • Over sized fillets • Keep fillets to a minimum at all times • Fillet depth doesn’t match existing • A small 50mm fillet that is not full depth can cost us £250 to put right, a lot more if traffic management is involved • Not enough cement • Use one product such as Instarmac mortar so that all reinstatements are of the same quality
Top soil and Seed What are the typical defects? • • • • • • •
Oversized particles left on site No racking taken place No seed used Sub-base put back No top soil used You drove over it when you left Type one left mixed in with top and seed
To be honest this is the easiest reinstatement to do and the easiest to get wrong Quite often there are school boy errors left on site
Grass Seed & Turf
Aesthetics What are the typical defects? • • • • • • • • •
Wrong colour blocks Missing lines * Missing pin kerbs * Uneven reinstatement Fillets round boxes in verges Sunken reinstatements Staining of footways * Missing Anti skid * Missing channel granite sets *
In some parts of the country, the ones with stars next to them are now section 74 charges. Its not the inspector your working with now, its his replacement in 4/5 or 10 years time. If its not right, its not right…
“Does Not match Existing”
Remember
Leave it as you would like it Outside your house Or Outside Nana’s house
Iron work and Chambers
Ensure covers and frames are left removable
Chambers free from debris Apparatus accessible Spindles centralised
Access?
Remember
Your Minimum Depths
60mm minimum bituminous in footway
100mm minimum bituminous material in roadways
Apply bitumen before binder course is laid