Apuleius (c. 124 – after 170) - The Short Stories, 1918 by gnosisclassics

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ALLYN AND BACON'S COLLEGE LATIN SERIES UNDER THE GENERAL EDITORSHIP OF

JOHN

ROLFE

THE SHORT STORIES OF APULEIUS WITH INTRODUCTION AND NOTES

JOSEPH

PIKE

UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA

oJOic

ALLYN AND BACON

BY JOSEPH

1918,

PIKE.

NortaooU yixtee J. 8.

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

Berwick & Smith Co. Gushing Co. Norwood, Masa., U.S.A.

PREFACE The

text of these tales

the Metamorphoses.

that of Helm's second edition of

The few changes

duced are noted in the commentary. ation have been

made

conform

that have been intro-

The

spelling and punctu-

to that of the other

books in

this Series.

Purser's edition of Cupid and Psyche has been of great assistance in preparing the notes Butler's translations of the

upon that portion of the

text.

Metamorphoses and the Apology

have been used and his renderings have been often adopted in the introductory study.

In the few cases where expurgation seemed advisable the point of the tale has in no instance been affected. case where expurgation

In the one

would have spoiled the story the editor

has included the text, but without commentary.

This was

done that a complete view of the short story as found in Apuleius might be presented.

As the

stories are of

unequal merit and interest, the follow-

ing are cited as the best of the collection

dean,

The Bobber's

Charite,

The

The Lost

Tale,

Slippers,

The Tragedy

Diophanes the Chalof Tlepolemus

and

Cupid and Psyche.

editor wishes to express his thanks to Professor

C. Rolfe, the general editor, for the valuable assistance

John

he has

given. J. B. P.

June, 1918.

CONTENTS INTRODUCTION

^^^^

His Life and Works The Origin and Extension of the Term The Apuleian Short Story Apuleius

vii

........ " Milesian

Tale "

xiv xxii

TEXT Tale of Aristomenes the Commercial Traveler

DiOPHANES THE ChALDEAN

Telyphron's Tale of the Witches

The Robber's Tale The Tragedy of Tlepolemus and Charite

Eaten Alive

The The The The The The

Wife

39 43

Three Brothers

Enamored Stepmother

Jealous Wife

Tale of the Tub

Cupid and Psyche

NOTES

29 38

Lost Slippers Fuller's

...

65 105

INTRODUCTION APULEIUS.

HIS LIFE

AND WORKS

Apuleius, sometimes called Lucius ^ Apuleius, although is some doubt as to the correctness of the prseuomen, was one of the most picturesque figures and bizarre authors in the whole range of literature. He was born about 125 a.d., there

the exact year being uncertam.

Ancient authors in general are rather reticent with regard and our information on this point

to their personal history,

from other sources

is apt to be meagre. Cicero, whose life is than that of many a statesman of modern times, Horace, rich in personal reminiscence, Pliny, charm-

better

known

to us

ingly affected and loquacious, and Apuleius,

who

takes us fully

form a quartet of striking exceptions

into his confidence,

this rule.

The Apology, the phoses,

Florida, and the last part of the Metamor-

three of the works of Apuleius, are the sources of

most of our information as native of the

Roman

to his life.

He was

an African, a

colony of Medaura in Numidia, and

it is

was situated Thagaste, the birthplace of St. Augustine, another famous African. The family of Apuleius was one of wealth and influence. His father, as one of the two chief magistrates of the interesting to note that twenty miles to the north

flourishing

Roman

colony, held an office corresponding in the

provincial city to that of consul at

Rome.

his death,

manusoripts and may be due to the the Metamorphoses, Apuleius identifies himself with Lucius, the hero of the romance. 1

fact

This praenomen

found only

in late

that, particularly in the latter part of

vii

INTRODUCTION

viii

left his

sum

son a fortune of about one hundred thousand dollars,

power of such an

of perhaps triple the purchasing

amount

at the present time.

Apuleius, during his earlier years, attended school at Car-

Then, following what had become an almost universal custom with young men of means who had literary instincts, he sojourned at Athens to complete his education. Here he devoted himself to the study of philosophy, rhetoric, geometry, music and poetry, accumulating those vast stores of informaThe next tion which are in evidence everywhere in his works. few years he passed in extensive travel, and in this way spent thage.

a large portion of the fortune left

him by

his father.

returning from the east he met at Corinth a body of

who succeeded

in gaining so strong a hold upon he was initiated into the mysteries Journeying then to Rome, he became a of the service of Isis. devoted worshipper at the Roman temple of the goddess in the (Campus Martins. Soon his rest was troubled by visions and it was apparent that divine will desired his further initiation As his funds were now exhausted, into the mysteries of Osiris. he amassed means to defray this additional expense by devotpriests of Isis,

his lively imagination that

ing himself to the practice of his profession, that of a lawyer. It

may

be remarked that Apuleius possessed, in addition to his

literary ability, a very practical talent for

making money, and was

as often as he cared to devote his energies to that end, successful.

It was at this period that Apuleius perfected his Latin by becoming more conversant with Roman usage, for strange to relate, the medium in which he produced such marvellous He was of course results was probably not his native tongue. We are familiar with Greek, the literary tongue of the east. not c(!rtain as to what language he spoke in liis youth; although it may have been a jjrovincial Latin or (J reek, it is most probable that it was Punic, a Semitic tongue of the same group as Hebrew. Ai)uleius may have composed his romance, the

LIFE

AND WORKS OF APULI^US

Metamorphoses, during the

Roman

sojourn, but

reasonable to suppose that he wrote

ix it

on his return home.

inveterate traveller, he was constantly

moving from one

point of interest to another until the period of his marriage. It

was while returning from a

of Egypt, that Apuleius fell

trip to Alexandria, the capital

ill

at Oea, the

modern

Tripoli,

where the remarkable incidents occurred which gave occasion for the composition of the Apologia, or Apology, a unique volume of human experience and the sole extant specimen of forensic oratory from the period of the empire. It appears that in his student days Apuleius had been on terms of close intimacy with a certain Pontianus who lived in Oea with his mother Pudentilla, who had lost her husband some thirteen years before. Her father-in-law had become very pressing in his endeavors to have her ally herself with another of his sons, Cincius, that her wealth might not be lost He was able to hold over the lady the threat of to his family. disinheriting her two sons, Pontianus and Pudens, as he had been appointed their guardian by his son's will. It was therefore fortunate for Pudentilla that he died at this critical moment. The lady so long a widow, now freed from embarrassing importunity, felt disposed to follow her

choice of a second husband.

Her

own

inclination in the

sons were not averse to such

a reasonable wish, but inasmuch as their hopes of ultimately attaining independent fortune rested

upon the

disposition

which their mother should make of her wealth, they were desirous,

Pontianus in particular, that the choice of their

mother should fall upon some one who would be well disposed At this juncture Apuleius appeared at Oea. toward them. What more natural than that his former student friend should call upon the indisposed traveller and upon his recovery entertain him at the home of his mother and persuade him to remain at Oea during the winter ? Although Pontianus had ulterior motives, he was sufficiently wise to conceal them until a favorable occasion for their dis-

INTRODUCTION

Apuleius bad delivered during his

closure presented itself.

stay one of the public lectures for which be was so famous, and

had aroused

his auditors to a high pitch of enthusiasm.

the close of the lecture the people entreated

him

do their

honor of becoming one of its citizens. This was PonHe proposed that Apuleius marry bis mother Pudentilla, thereby acceding to the request of the citizens to make Oea his home, consummating the wishes of the widow, and freeing his friend from the apprehension of an uncity the

tianus' opportunity.

congenial step-father.

The lady was no longer

in the first flush of

are told, was she fair to look upon.

youth nor, we

Apuleius married her,

however, and soon came to esteem her for her qualities of mind He settled down and we hear of no more travheart.

and

elling.

But there was trouble brewing.

third brother of

Pudentilla's first husband, angered because she had rejected his brother Cincius, joined with Pontianus' father-in-law,

had great expectations in regard

to the

who

wealth of his son-in-

upon Apuleius. Accuhim that he had won the heart of he was a man of immoral life, and

law's mother, to vent their resentment sations were brought against

the

widow by

sorcery, that

that he had married the mature lady solely for her wealth.

The

trial

took place at Sabrata and was presided over by

Claudius Maximus, proconsul of Africa, assizes

there.

will

who was attending

the

be remembered that in the time of

office of proconsul of Africa was one of the most dignified and lucrative at the disposal of the state and that it still retained something of its ancient prestige. Apuleius, it appears, had no difficulty in refuting the charges, In view of his overpowering and secured an acquittal. curiosity with regard to magic and his interest in it, one may

the republic the

readily believe tliat he did dabble in

it,

but the particular

charges on this occasion appear to have been frivolous and absurd.

The

crass indecency of portions of the Metamorphoses

indicates a moral sense none too delicate, but as to the charge

AND WORKS OF APULEIUS

LIFE

that he married for money, the most that ought to be said

that this consideration probably influenced him. acquittal, he left Oea,

and

settled in Carthage,

where he gained

great fame as poet, philosopher, and rhetorician.

It is to the

public lectures which he delivered while at Carthage that

owe the work known

raised a statue in his honor priest of the province,

nosegays culled from

as the Florida,

these flowery productions.

Despite the

Carthage so esteemed him that she and gave him the office of chief

which conferred upon the holder the

leading place in the provincial council.

Apuleius was a voluminous writer.

There are extant in

addition to the three works already mentioned one on the

life

and philosophy of Plato, one on the demon of Socrates, and one on the universe. None of these latter works is of any value and no one save the specialist would be repaid for the time spent in perusing them. The Apology, however, as a document of human experience, and as a specimen of forensic oratory and the Metamorphoses for its intrinsic merit and interest, and as a precursor of the modern novel, are exceptions, and deserve attention. Many other works of Apuleius have perished, for he wrote on mathematics, music, astronomy, medicine, botany, and zoology. We hear also of the Hermagoras, a collection of ancient love stories.

He was much admired He possessed vast

him.

during his

life

and his fame survived and

stores of ill-digested information

was characterized by a vivid imagination, just such qualities it was in the

as would appeal to a decadent age, for such

history of Latin literature.

The works

of Apuleius were

who

known

to St. Augustine, also a

some three hundred years later. Of these works the Metamorphoses is by far the most important, and it constitutes one of the curiosities of literature. In style we know of nothing so cloying, rhythmic and mellifluous. The prose of D'Annunzio has something of the same effect and is touched with the same taint of decadence. native of Africa,

flourished

INTRODUCTION

xii

was long thought and is still maintained in some quarters, was such a phenomenon as African Latinity, a purely African growth with a richness and profuof product sion of color largely due to the Semitic element in the blood It

that there

It is now generally conceded that the style of mainly characterized by archaisms, floridity and rhythm, is nothing more than an extreme example of the

of the people.

Apuleius,

Asiatic school of writing, so well

known

in strictly classical

times both in the prose of Greece and Rome, a style that had influence even on Cicero.

its

One may not be

utterly lost, artistically speaking, if one does

take a certain pleasure in the literary form in which such a

work

Metamorphoses is cast but a little goes a good it becomes wearisome and cloying. It is therefore best appreciated in the short story and it is in this form that it is used in the Metamorphoses ; for, as we shall see, this work is little more than a collection of such stories loosely joined together. There is also this to be said, that the style in which the Metamorphoses is composed is perfectly adapted to that romance which is to a large extent unreal, mystical way.

and

as the

;

If continued,

fantastic.

The Metamorphoses was known

the " Golden Ass " of

Apuleius ass, because the hero Lucius, as the result of clumsy dabbling in magic, was transformed into that beast instead of :

into a bird as he

had intended

golden, suggesting the idea of

;

excellence, perhaps a hint of the romantic.

veys the idea when,

Marias

the

Walter Pater con-

Epicurean, he entitles the

chapter describing the influence upon the boy Marius of the perusal of this romance. The Golden Bonk.

There

a work falsely attributed to Lucian entitled Xwcms,

or the Ass.

This story, in so far as

transformation and

Apuleius, but the style characteristic

(jf thi;

results,

tlie is

has to do with the

essentially

that

told

absolutely dilferent and the episodes

latter

work are

It is generally sup])oscd that

lacking.

both stories were derived from

LIFE

AND WORKS OF APULEIUS

a lost work of which mention Patras.

However

this

may

be,

made,

Tlie

xiii

Ass of Lucius of

are justified

saying

that the unique qualities of Apuleius' story are due solely to

own talents. The eleventh book

his

from the which we shall presently discuss, to a narration which we seem justified in considering a personal account of religious experience, and we find a curious identification of Lucius the hero, and Apuleius, the author of the of the Metamorphoses changes

collection of short stories

work.

THE ORIGIN AND EXTENSION OF THE TERM

MILESIAN

TALE " Short stories of amours, adventure and magic, such as have for ages flourished in the Orient, became known to the Greeks of Asia Minor. Collections of these tales may have been written down and given the name of the city or region in which they were compiled or whose life they purported to depict. Thus we hear of Milesian Tales. Such tales spread to Italy and become popular in Magna Graecia even before they flourished in Greece proper, and the city of Sybaris lent Mention is also made of its name to the Sybaritic Tales."^ Trojan, Pallenian, Naxian, Sicilian, and Bithynian collections.'

Since the tale of the Matron of Ephesus in the Satyricon of

Petronius (generally regarded as giving a fair idea of what Milesian tales were like) would in

all probability belong to an and since the extant specimen of the Sybaritic contains nothing strikingly characteristic,* not even

Ephesian

collection,

The most complete account of this obscure type may be found in PhiloloLXVI, Zk Milexiaca des Aristides. The conclusions there deduced differ somewhat from those suggested in this article. 2 Sybaritic Tales are mentioned by jElian, Historise Varise 14, 20. The story he cites is the sole extant specimen, and it is mildly facetious in 1

gus

character. 8 Notes prefixed to the sketches of Parthenius state that they were derived from collections called Troica, Pal/eniaca, Naxiaca, Slcelica, Bithynica, as well as Milesiuca. See, however, what is said concerning local histories, note pagexviii. For this type of title as applied to romances, compare the titles of some of the full h.-ngth Greek romances of a later period, the Buhylonica of the .FAhiopica Iambli(!hus, the scene of the romance being laid in Babylonia the fJyprica of Xenoi)lion of Cyprus and the Ephesiaca of of ndiodorus Xenoplion of P^phesus. * But see Kobde, Der Griediischc Jimuaii, 587. xiv ;

;

THE MILESIAN TALE

is supposed to be an essential seems probable that these different

the element of lewdness wliicli of the Milesian tale,

names

classes were but different

for a general class of stories,

the main or sole purpose of which was entertainment.^

was

quite natural that those gifted and impressionable lonians of

Miletus should excel in this type of story and that the word " Milesian " should

come

to stand for the

whole genre.

These

Milesian tales are of considerable interest as the forerunners of the more elaborate Greek

Romances

which flourished from

the second to the fifth centuries, of which the Da2:)hne and CJiloe of

Longus

of those

tales

the best known.

They

are the prototypes

France and Italy, of which

so popular in

Boccaccio's are the most famous.

Parthenius, Virgil's Greek teacher, has been thought to give the clearest idea of what the Milesian tales were, as the

fol-

lowing quotation from Dunlop's History of Fiction shows. ^ " But though the Milesian tales have perished, of their nature some idea may be formed from the stories of Parthenius of Nicaea,

many

reason to believe, are extracted

fables, or

at least are written in their

of which, there

from these ancient spirit,"

which is and the themes of which are for the most part of inconstancy, were derived directly from collections of Milesian tales. It is also true that notes either by Parthenius or by a later hand, were prefixed to several of the tales, stating that they were taken from Milesian collections. However, it is well known that Parthenius explicitly stated that he comIt is indeed likely that those tales, the scene of

laid in Miletus,

suggestion

somewhat

made by Purser in the excursus on the and Psyche. Rohde's work cited above contains a re'snme' by

similar

Milesian Tale in his excellent edition of Cupid

2 The 3d edition (1914) of Schmid of the latest discoveries and theories in regard to the Greek Romances. The most illuminating work, however, on the Greek novel is the extensive study which forms the introduction to Calderini's translation, Le avventure

di C'herea e CaUiroe, Turin 1913. 8

Dunlop's ^isfory of Fiction (revised by Wilson), Vol.

chap.

p. 11.

INTRODUCTION

xvi

posed these thirty-six skeleton tales called Erotic Experiences for his friend the Latin poet, Cornelius Gallus, to serve The very meagreas material for elegies and other poems. ness of those which can with certainty be called Milesian, prevents their giving us an adequate notion of what Milesian tales were.

The German

scholar, Christ, in his History of Greek Litera-

ture^ suggests that the story of the

Matron

Ephesus

Petronius furnishes us a good example of the Milesian tale

and this is midoubtedly correct in the early and restricted meaning of the term. To this we may add the story of the Lad of Pergamus and The Solicitous Mother in the same work. Christ seems also to make a proper distinction, when he says that the forerunners of the Greek novel were the Milesian Tales of Aristides and the Erotic Experiences of Parthenius.

Plutarch, in his Life of Crassus,'^ indicates clearly the un-

savory character of the early Milesian tale. He says, in speaking of the events following the defeat of Crassus, the

Roman

general at Carrhae, " but the vizier, calling together

it certain books, the work of had not been forged, but had really been found in the baggage of Roscius, and gave the vizier a good opening for directing insulting remarks against the Romans, who not even in time of war could refrain from such writings and doings." It will be well to note that the word used to designate Milesian tales in the passage just cited is Milesiaca, the Greek neuter plural of the adjective meaning Milesian, and that this is the word usually although not exclusively employed in

the senate of Seleusia, laid before Aristides, his Milesiaca; these

Greek

We prose.

in referring to them.

are to understand that the tales were normally written in

Dunlop's remark to the

effect that a couplet in Ovid,

Literaturgeschichte 4th revised ed. 84G.

firip.clti.irhi>

Plutarch, Crussus, 32.

;

THE MILESIAN TALE

XVll

lunxit Aristides Milesia carmina secum Pulsus Aristides nee tamen urbe sua est,

would indicate that some of these tales had been written in songs " or verse, is of course based upon the reading carmina, '*

" poems." " charges."

now

The The passage reading

universally accepted

or rather scandalous Milesian tales

connection with his history (for so iuxit

crimina,

therefore states that the slanderous

which Aristides wrote in the words

we understand

secum) did not cause his banishment.^

The only evidence

that these tales appeared in poetic form

derived from such poems as Phaedrus III, 10, and Babrius 116, where the subject is quite in the style of the early lewd is

This, however,

inadequate evidence on which

Milesian

tale.

to base a

statement that Milesian tales as such were sometimes

written in metrical form. That poets of the type of Phaedrus and Babrius should select as a subject for a poem a Milesian theme of the earlier type is quite natural. Had Cornelius Gallus composed elegies upon those themes furnished him by Parthenius, and purporting to be derived from Milesian sources, we should hardly classify them as Milesian tales. This same Aristides is mentioned by Ovid in another couplet wherein he states that Sisenna, a Roman writer, translated* Aristides and that the latter inserted risque stories^ in his Rohde, Rhein. Mns. 58, 128, understands secum to refer to crimina aud mean "joined together the trifling Milesian tales." 2 There are preserved of this translation nine short fragments. Of these only numbers 1, 2 and 9 are suggestive of the character of the tales. (1) Nisi comminus excidisset, quanti dantur? tauti inqult Olumpias simul hoc dicens suavium dedit ; indicating a love tale. 1

the phrase to

(2)

mayni 8

" P}-oiii data aliquid quod domi habebis," inquit,

"quod

wheedling words of a courtesan. (9) indicative of their lewdness; Fr. Hist. Rom. Peter, Vol. Vei-tit Aristiden Sisenna nee obfuit iUi.

tibi

non

stabit," suggestive of the

Historiae turpes inseruisse iocos.

Trist.

II,

2d ed.297.

443.

Rohde, Rhein. Mus. 48, 128, understands historiae to mean Siseniia's activity as an historian. Our interpretation is that of Heinsius and supports our understanding of the phrase secum in the couplet previously cited.

INTRODUCTION

xviii history.

Chassang * suggested that Aristides may have written

a history of Miletus and may have cited numerous tales illusThis suggestion of Chassang is trative of Milesian life. now quite convincing, since it has been definitely ascertained that the term Milesiaca was applied

local

histories

Miletus.2 is still further supported by the fact that Aristides number of local historical works of which the titles wrote a and some fragments have been preserved. Compare, therefore, his title, Milesiaca, which we conjecture to be primarily an

This view

historical work,

we know

with his

Italica, SiJielica

and Persica, which

to be historical works.^

seem therefore reasonably

that the term Milesiaca was

justified in stating definitely

first

applied to local histories of

the city, and then to tales illustrative^ of Milesian

life

and

characterized by lubricity, such tales in fact as are referred to in Plutarch.

That Aristides was the collector of these tales rather than their author, and that the term came to be applied to lewd stories in general are at least suggested by a passage in the Amoves of Lucian.^ It is generally conceded that this work is falsely attributed to Lucian, but for our purpose the particular

is a matter of indifference. speaking of certain lewd stories,

author

character in the work,

said

that he might well

believe that he were Aristides listening in delight to Milesian tales.

du Roman duns V Antiquity.

Histoire

Vogt, Jahrb.

Phil. Suppl.

XXXVII,

histories see Christ, op. clt. 575.

For the general subject of local Rohde, 3(1 ed., Schmid's appendix,

(509.

Cf. also,

p. (J17.

For the fragments of Aristides consult Miillcr, Hht. Grae.c. Vol. IV, 320 Our argument presumes that the Aristides who wrote the Milesiaca and he who wrote the liistorical works are one and the same indivi<lual. * For a convincing refutation of the theory that the Milesiaca was a fulllengtli novel rather than a collection of short stories, consult Rohde, Zum 8

seq.

Grirrhisrhpn Romtiii, Khcin. IMus. 4H, 110 seq. <>

Anwres,

THE MILESIAN TALE

xix

The first step therefore, in the use of the term Milesiaca, was its application to local histories of Miletus the second step, its use to signify stories illustrative of Milesian life and generally characterized by lubricity. The third and last step in the extension of the term is suggested by a passage in the In a letter sent to life of Albinus in the Augustan Histories} the Senate by Severus, he remarks that among other facts he is grieved to see that many of them praise Albinus for his ;

devotion to literature, while as a matter of fact he, interested on the tales of

in childish nursery rhymes, wastes his time

Apuleius, and in literary dilettantism.^ the adjective Milesia with the

Now

word fabida

in the

Latin,

or historia under-

usually employed to signify " Milesian Tale."

In the made, the phrase iyiter Milesias Punicas Apulei sui is used, and the word Milesias has to such an extent lost its original meaning " Milesian," that it is used as a noun and is itself modified by the adjective Punicas. The two words mean " African Tales of Apuleius," so called of course because Apuleius was a native of Africa. A prettier bit of evidence could not be adduced to prove stood

passage to which reference

that

the

of tale;

word Milesia is here used in the general sense and this is the third step in the application of the

term.

The

interesting question arises as to

how

early this broader

was applied to the term, for it is highly probable that such a meaning would be acquired only by gradual growth. There is nothing very conclusive on this point, but we may venture a suggestion. The episode of Cupid and interpretation

Scriptores Hist. Aug. Peter, Vol.

dolor quod ilium pro litterato

Clodius Albinus,

laudandum plerique

12, 12,

duxlstis,

maior fuit

cum

qxdhusdnm. anUihus occupatus inter Milesias Punicas Apulei sui

ille

neniis

et ludicra

litteraria consonpscpret. 2

II, of the same work, we learn that Albinus' interwas not confined to reading them: Milesias nonnulli dicunt, quorum fama nonignobilis habetur quamvis mediocriter

In an earlier chapter,

est in Milesian tales

eiusdem

esse

scriptae sunt.

INTRODUCTION

This in Apuleius is called by him a Milesian Tale.^ undoubtedly of popular origin, and in no sense an invention of Apuleius. The treatment of the myth as an erotic romance is quite in the style and taste of the Alexandrian School, which in its first or literary period flourished from about 323 to 30 b.c. If this story in the form transmitted by Apuleius owes its peculiar treatment as an erotic romance to the influence of Alexandria, we may place it before 30 b.c. and perhaps well along toward 100 b.c, the conjectured time Psyche

tale is

of Aristides'

may

death.

therefore be

was applied certainly

safe to

say that the term Milesian and perhaps

in the second century a.d.

as early as 100 b.c, to

any

tale written or narrated for enter-

tainment and was, indeed, the short story of antiquity. That this last statement is true will be seen more clearly after an examination of the Metamorphoses, popularly known as the Golden Ass of Apuleius, the immediate precursor of the Greek Komance. There is, however, this difference among others between the Metamorphoses as a whole and the Greek Romances in Apuleius love is the Greek works are erotic romances :

;

entirely episodic.

That the work of Apuleius

nothing but a collection of

loosely connected Milesian tales in the broader sense of the

term 1

clearly indicated

by the author himself

in his intro-

the folklore element in this tale consult Friedlander, Roman Life under the Early Empire, Vol. 4, pp. 88-123, also Reitzenstein's

anrl Maniiers

brilliant study, J. E.

Das Marchen von Amor %md Psyche hei Apuleius. De amoris et Psyches Fabella Apuleiana nova quadam

Schroeder's

is an application of Freud's sex obsession theory to the tale. Apul. Met. IV, 33, propter Milesiae conditorem. Some suppose that the word Milesidc refers to the work as a whole. It seems more natural to understand it as referring to the particular tale then being told. This interpretation is at least supported by the fact that the shrine of Apollo near

ratione explicata, 2

Miletus has been mentioned just previously It is

connection with this story.

is used in the passage cited from the Frag. Hist. Oraec Muller, p. 320.

while the plural *

also significant tha't the singular, Milexia, is used in this connection, life of

Albinus.

THE MILESIAN TALE

Xxi

" I will now string toductory remarks, where he writes gether various tales in that Milesian style Avhich is familiar :

to you."

told

As a matter

of fact, the story of the Metamorplioses

by Lucius, a young Greek,

in the tirst person,

beginning of his adventures to the end,

from the

when he makes

entrance into the order of the priests of

Isis, serves

his

as a

number of stories on a wide range These are in part stories of experiences of Lucius himself and partly narratives entirely distinct from the main plot, but told by characters appearing in it. This device is familiar to us from its use in the Decameron of Boccaccio. It is therefore by an examination of this treasure-house that we form our clearest conception of the scope and character of the Milesian tales as the term seems to have been used shortly after the time of Aristides. There are readily detected thirteen tales entirely distinct from the main narrative fifteen, means

of joining together a

of subjects.

;

divide the robber's tale into

These

its

three separate parts.

tales are exceedingly varied in character.

the early lubricious Milesian type as exemplified

There

by the Tale

of the Tub and the FuHer's Wife, both of which reappear in Boccaccio the merely risque type, such as that of the Lost ;

the tale of the Enamoured Stepmother; the cruel vengeance of the Jealous Wife ; several tales of witchcraft, undoubtedly of folklore origin the celebrated tale of Cupid and Slippers;

;

Psyche; the elaborately tragic story of Tlepolemus and Charite;

and several

The

plots vary

others.

from that of a simple incident as narrated and

in the tale of Diophanes, the Chaldaean, to the intricate

involved plot of the tale of the Jealous Wife. In length they run from about a page of the Teubner text to the fifty pages of Cupid and Psyche. 1 Apul. Met. I, I, At ego tibi sermone isto Milesio varias fahulas conseram. These words, together with the evidence cited in connection with the story of Cupid and Psyche and with that of the passage from the life of Albinus, seem to prove the point conclusively.

THE APULEIAN SHORT STORY In reading over these

tales

with an idea of

classification,

one

finds that love or one of its debased relations, passion or lust,

be said to form the foundation for the greater number of But one loses sight of this in wonder at the involved

may

them.

Many

plot.

of the tales

show much unconscious humor which in some of the others we

renders them highly entertaining

;

enjoy laughing with the author instead of at him. Diophanes the Chaldean.

â&#x20AC;&#x201D; The

tale

the

false

prophet

simply makes an appeal to one's sense of humor. A merchant whose only stock in trade is his nimble wit, and whose place of business

any

street corner, professes to be able to foretell

fortunate dates for journeys, and

prospering exceedingly.

grateful merchant has just received definite information as

to exactly the best

rich merchandise

moment and

for dispatching a vessel laden with

generously counting out a hundred

pieces of gold for the seer,

when

the latter, feeling his cloak

pulled from behind, turns, recognizes an old friend, and en-

gages enthusiastically in conversation with him.

you

And

tell

"how

did your journey speed after I left

away by

the memories of his terrible mis-

me," says the friend, "

The

seer carried

fortunes overwhelms his friend with a sad tale of shipwreck

and for.

him

property which left him only his life to be grateful Loud and mocking laughter from the throng about causes

loss of

to turn in

seizing his gold

The Lost

time to see his disillusioned patron hurriedly

and departing.

Slippers.

â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Tlie

story of Senator Barbarus in the

tale of the Lost ISHppcrH, his jealousy of his beautiful wife,

the pleasant

denouement owing

and

to the quick wit of her lover,

THE ArULEIAN SHORT STORY

XXIU

emphasizes this gentleman's cleverness to such an extent that and unfaithfulness become minor incidents

jealousy, intrigue of the history.

That his beautiful wife may not even be looked upon by any one other than himself is the chief desire of Senator Barbarus. In a necessary absence he confides her to the care of a confidential slave, who is strictly warned not to lose sight of her indeed, ;

garment in his master's absence. A young man who has heard rumors of the lady's beauty, offers the slave a large sum of money for himself and another

not to loose his grasp of her

for his mistress if she consents to receive

The

both slave and lady.

him

as a lover during

Cupidity triumphs over the virtue of

her husband's absence.

lover

admitted, the doors barred,

but soon the master unexpectedly returns. The lover hastily escapes by a back door the master comes in somewhat sus;

picious because of

morning he

the locked door and the delay.

In the

sees a pair of slippers in his wife's room.

orders the slave bound and

leading

him

to the torture

when

the lover, seeing the sad procession, hurls himself upon the

bound

slave, beating

him and demanding

his slippers

which he

says the slave stole at the baths the day before.

The

senator with that readiness to be convinced of the falsity

which goes far toward making such a tale the slave unbound, bids him return the slippers, and feels gratitude toward the young man who has saved him from ill treating a faithful servant. The humor of the robbers' tales, the The Robber's Tale. three told by a member of the band, seems to lie mainly in one's constant and somewhat ludicrous feeling of surprise at being given the robber's point of view in sharp contrast to the

of his suspicions

move smoothly, has

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

conventional attitude of the possessor of portable property.

The first tale is of the bravery and death of Lamachus. The robbers approaching Thebes, inquire as to the financial rating of the inhabitants and decide to turn their attention to

a certain miser.

INTRODUCTION

xxiv

In the dead of night the leader approaches the humble He put his hand through the orifice intended for

dwelling.

the insertion of the key, meaning to raise the bars.

We are

told that he does this " in all the confidence of his tried valor." But the miser, " that vilest of all two-footed things," was

ready for him. In a silence which seemed to the narrator inexcusably deceitful, he crept to the door and drove a spike through the hand of the brave Lamachus, pinning him to the

Then the

door.

miser, ascending to the roof, called

upon

his

neighbors for aid. It

significant that he did not call for aid against the

him

in putting out a sudden had started, would threaten This appeal to self interest was successful. As the theirs. neighbors gathered, the robbers were in a quandary. They must decide between saving themselves and deserting their

robbers, but asked

fire

them

to aid

which from his house, where

comrade.

Finally they struck

and took with them It

all

off

that was

explained that the

the

arm

left of their

at the shoulder,

brave comrade.

wound was swathed

in cloths " lest

However, Lamachus could not keep up. He begged his comrades to kill him. When no one of them would do this, he kissed his sword again and again and drove it into his breast with the hand that was left him. They committed his body to the sea " and there lies our brave Lamachus with a whole element for his the blood might betray our course."

grave."

band to lose his life seems to have two respects. He was careless, for his comrade tells us that upon breaking into an old woman's cottage, he He neglected this precaution and sliould liave strangled her.

The next

of the robber

been at fault

throw her belongings out of the window to the of the band who waited below. everything was gone except the coverlet which en-

pi-(jcÂť'eded to

other

members

When

wrapped the old woman sleeping a victim to his second failing.

all this

He was

time, the robber fell

too greedy, for he felt

THE APULEIAN SHORT STORY that he must have the coverlet.

The

the bed upon the floor.

asked him

XXV

So he threw the occupant of wicked old woman " promptly

why

he was presenting all her belongings to her whose house the window overlooked. Alcimus was of so simple a mind that he was deceived by

rich neighbors,

the cunning of this wily speech.

dow

leaned out of the win-

him a push, and he fell upon a stone and broke and shattered the framework of his ribs. He lived long enough to tell his comrades what had happened. Then he gave up the ghost and they buried him as they had ;

that aged sinner gave

Lamachus.

can but feel that the narrator has cleverly led up to a

climax, for the third tale

other two.

much more

elaborate than the

show of by Demochares of Plataea and hardly

are presented with a picture of a

gladiators to be given

enough can be said

in praise of his gentle birth, his great

generosity and his wealth.

has collected skilled gladiators, experienced huntsmen,

horribly guilty criminals, these last to be used as a feast for

A wonderful contrivance of towers built of wood, resembling a house on wheels, decorated with paintings, is used as an ornamental cage for wild beasts. the wild beasts.

Here follows a description of the animals. We learn that Demochares " had been at great pains to procure these noble sepulchres for the condemned felons, importing them even from foreign lands." But he specialized in bears and bears did not thrive. In every open space of the town they lay dying in agony. In spite of the fact that the bears succumbed to a pestilence, the poor people hastened to partake of these

banquets spread thus freely for them.

And now

the stage being

set,

the actors appear.

the robbers conceive a brilliant plan for

Two

making some

of the

wealth of the good Demochares their own. Carrying the carcass of a very big bear to their abode, they skin it carefully, leaving the head and claws entire.

While the skin

dries, they

INTRODUCTION

XXVi

enjoy a diet of the flesh and perfect their plan. Some one very brave and strong is to hide himself in the skin and assume

He is to be introduced into the the appearance of a bear. house of Demochares, and in the dead of the night to admit his comrades.

There are many volunteers, but Thrasyllus is chosen. Sewn pushed into the cavity of the mouth, holes pierced in the eyes and nostrils that he may not be suffocated, he is placed, now a " perfect " beast, in a cage. And now the subtlety of the plot becomes evident. The robbers learning of a friend of Demochares, a hunter, forge a letter from him in which he begs Demochares to accept the first fruits of a hunting trip, the bear. The recipient, delighted, gives orders to place the new bear with the others. But when he is reminded by the robbers that the other bears are ill, and that the new bear will be better out of the sun for a time, in his house for choice, Demochares, with a commendable readiness to act upon a suggestion, promptly has the bear into the skin, his head

placed in the house.

Everything seems propitious.

The robbers

strolling into

the country find an ancient tomb, and wrenching the tops

from the

coffins,

prepare to use them as a repository for the

rich booty they anticipate.

Coming

at the appointed time,

they find that Thrasyllus has done his part

;

the guards are

dead and the doors open. According to their plan, the robbers, with as much treasure as they can carry, hasten to the tomb to deposit it, leaving only one man on guard, for they argue that any one who might awaken and see the fierce bear roaming about would hasten to barricade himself in his own apartment. A slave does ;iwake, but does not react as expected. He runs away indeed, but only to alarm the household. A mob of men gathers, every one armed. Shaggy dogs are there. Tlie uarI'ator, hiding behind a door, witnesses the thrilling conHiet. Thrasyllus never for one moment forgets his character. He

THE APULEIAN SHORT STORY

XXvil

The description of his brave struggle Finally " mangled by hound's teeth and maimed

fights like a wild beast.

harrowing.

steel,

yet he roared and bellowed continually with the voice

he endured his sufferings with noble conand though he yielded up his life to fate, he made fame

of a wild beast stancy, his

own

;

for ever."

The Three Brothers. is

â&#x20AC;&#x201D; A gloomy

the tale of the three brothers.

murder and suicide These young men, sons of a

recital of

wealthy farmer, hasten to the support of a poor friend who is in danger of being deprived of his small property by a rich tyrant.

The

oppressor, reminded by the youngest of the brothers

that the law

no respecter of persons and

will protect the

poor against the brutality of the rich, becomes so angry that

he looses against the poor great savage dogs.

man and

his friends a

number

down and

killed, in spite of the fact

that the others hasten to his rescue.

After the second brother

One brother

pulled

wounded, avenges and then, before he can be taken by the slaves who rush upon him, ends his own life. This is the most depressing of all the stories. Eaten Alive. Another, hardly less dark in hue, is that of the slave who was devoured by ants. A certain slave, who had

is slain

by a

his brothers

spear, the third, feigning to be

killing the tyrant

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

entire charge of his master's household, loved a free

woman

belonging to a neighboring family. His wife, a slave of the same household as himself, was so angered because of his unfaithfulness to her, that she burned all his

account books and indeed

all

the contents of the house.

Then she hanged herself and her child. The master, to punish the slave whose conduct had impelled his wife to this action, had him stripped and smeared all over with honey. Then he was bound to a hollow lig-tree which was infested with ants. Attracted by the smell of the honey, they fastened upon the body of the slave in swarms. The

INTRODUCTION

xxviii

man's flesh was stripped from his bones, which were

left

gleam-

ing white on the tree.

In two of the stories under discussion, the witch motif is brought out most prominently. While the superstructure of the first tale rests upon the scorned affection and that of the second upon the illicit love of the respective heroines, both stories impress us principally because of the

grewsome

details

and ears, the tearing out of hearts, and the changing of shape which are characteristic of the true of the lopping

witch

off

of noses

tale.

Tale of Aristomenes, the Commercial Traveler.

â&#x20AC;&#x201D; With a mi-

nuteness of detail which goes far to make one feel that all that follows is authentic, Aristomenes, a commercial traveller, tells of his arrival

Hypata, how his business there had went to the baths "just as the evening And how surprised he was at the sight of in

sped, how, wearied, he star

was

rising."

his friend Socrates clad only in filthy rags.

When

he had given Socrates all the home news and had fed and clothed him, he was rewarded for his kindness by the history of all that had befallen his friend. Socrates on his way home

from Macedonia, whither he had gone on business, planned to stop at Larissa to witness a show of gladiators, when he was attacked bj^ robbers and lost everything that he possessed. Arriving at an inn, he was fed, comforted, and accepted She had as a lover by the landlady, whose name was Meroe. taken all his earnings, even all the clothes the robbers had l)ut when Aristomenes characterized her and her left him conduct in an uncom])limentary manner, poor Socrates hastened to exclaim, " Not a word against that divine woman, lest the recklessness of your speech do you a hurt " Thereupon Socrates described the power of Meroe. " She can call down tlie sky, hang earth in heaven, freeze fountains, ;

melt

iiif)untains,

hell, i)iit

raise the spirits of

the dead; send gods to

out the stars and give light to Tartarus itself."

" I beseech you," said Aristomenes not unreasonably, " clear

THE APULEIAN SHORT STORY

XXlX

up your drop scene and speak Thus besought Socrates told of the horrors wrought by Meroe and of the dread punishment meted out to any who tried to oppose her. Much territied, Aristomenes felt that the witch probably already knew all that they had been saying. He counselled flight at dawn but found that Socrates, very tired and having drunk much wine, was already So Aristomenes made everything as secure as possiasleep.

away your

tragic curtain, roll

in ordinary language."

ble,

placing his truckle against the door.

He was

barely asleep

when

the hinges were broken, the

doors battered to the ground and his bed overturned.

Falling

ground he was shielded by the bed, and saw two women enter. One carried a bright lantern, the other a sponge and naked sword. Meroe, standing by Socrates' bed, said to her companion, " This, sister Panthia, is my sweet Endymion, my Ganymede, who has made light of my love, and not content with slandering me, he now seeks to fly from me, while I like a second Calypso, deserted by the wily Ulysses, must bewail my loneliness for ever." She also made it quite clear to Aristomenes that she knew of his presence and of the fact that he had proposed the departure. As she talked she became enraged and proposed killing him at once, but the " good Panthia " expressed a preference for tearing Socrates limb from limb, and Meroe finally decided that Aristomenes might live so that there would be some one Plunging her dagger into Socrates' throat, to bury Socrates. she caught the blood in a bladder, then thrust her hand into to the

the

wound and dragged

forth his heart.

All the time Socrates continued

to utter

gurgled indistinctly through the wound.

a shriek which

The good Panthia

used her sponge to " block the wound where it gaped widest," but she adjured it to have a care lest, " child of the sea, thou cross running water."

rose up and resumed and became bolted and barred.

Then the witches departed, the doors their former position

INTRODUCTION

XXX

Aristomenes for the second time decided to

fly.

The porter

refused to open the door of the inn and became unpleasantly personal in his inquiries as to the safety of Socrates. With no course left to him but to return to the scene of the

murder, Aristomenes decided to end his life. Taking the rope from the truckle bed, he cast one end over a beam and made the other into a noose. Then he climbed upon the bed to launch himself to destruction, but as he pushed away the support, the rope broke

and he

fell

upon

Socrates.

They

rolled

Just then the porter burst into the room, loudly demanding the man who had been in such a He complained of the Socrates arose. hurry to depart. Aristomnoise which had broken in upon his delightful sleep.

together to the

floor.

enes was so overjoyed to find Socrates alive and to know that he could not now be accused of murder that he em-

braced and kissed his friend,

much

to the indignation of the

latter,

Aristomenes urged that they start at once. Once well on No wound, no the way, he looked curiously at Socrates. much wine, taken too he had himself that sponge. He told night dreadful passed a he had that Socrates to confided and Socrates said that he too had a filled with horrid dreams. dream in which he thought that his throat was cut. He added that he was even then faint and needed food to restore his So they sat under a tree to eat their breakfast and strength.

thinner while his face grew yellow and his strength failed fast. Then he became very But as he thirsty and went to a nearby stream to drink. knelt, " a wound gaped wide and deep in his throat," a sponge Socrates became thinner and

dropped out and the body would have fallen into the stream had not Aristomenes dragged it to the top of the bank. After bewailing his comrade lie laid him in the shallow grave predicted by Meroc.

Telyphron's Tale of the Witches. of a

much more complicated

â&#x20AC;&#x201D; The

nature.

second witch tale

The

favorite feature of

THE APULEIAN SHORT STORY the supernatural

introduced, and the climax

XXXI as great a sur-

was to the narrator of the tale. Telyphron, a young man, tells us of his adventures. Reaching Larissa in the course of his travels, he found himself in pressing need of money. Hearing a crier offering his own jirice to anyone who would watch a corpse, he somewhat flippantly asked a passerby if the corpses were in the habit of running away. The man rebuked Telyphron, reminding him that he was young and a stranger sojourning in the place peculiarly known prise to the reader as

as the

home

of witches.

The

witches, he said, lay in wait to

mutilate the faces of the dead in order to procure ingredients for their

magic charms.

If a watcher allowed the face of a

corpse to be mutilated, he must allow portions to be cut from his

own

face to replace those taken.

Undismayed, Telyphron

him

offered his services to the crier,

who

whose husband was dead. In the presence of seven witnesses the widow made an inventory of the features and their condition at the time of Tely-

at once led

to the beautiful lady

The door locked, Telyphron, much exhausted, went to sleep soon after he had driven away a weasel which had approached and looked fixedly at him. He did not awaken until dawn, when, filled with fear lest the corpse had been mutilated, he rushed to look at it and found that it was unimpaired. When the widow entered with her witnesses she was overjoyed, ordered the watcher paid, and said." that she should count him among her friends in the Telyphron's reply to the effect that she might count future. upon him whenever she had need of his services was considered of such ill omen that the lady's servants set upon him, beat and bruised him and tore his clothes. As he was recovering from this hard treatment, the funeral procession of the young man passed through the market place. An old man, weeping and tearing his hair, threw his arms about the bier, and accused the widow of the dead man of havphron's arrival.

INTRODUCTION

xxxii iiig

murdered him that she might have his money and please

lier lover.

The widow denied her

guilt,

appealing with tears

to all the gods of heaven.

Thereupon the old man produced an Egyptian prophet, who had agreed to recall the dead man to life for a brief space. After an impressive ceremonial, the corpse sat up, begging to be allowed to rest. But the prophet angrily commanded him Thereupon the to throw light upon the mystery of his death. dead man wearily said that his wife had poisoned him that she might give herself to her lover. There ensued an argument between the wife, who maintained her innocence, and the corpse, and each had supporters in the throng about. Finally, to prove his truthfulness, the corpse promised to tell something that he alone knew. He said that the witches had thrown a pall over the watcher of the night before. Then they had repeatedly called the name of the corpse until he felt that he must rise and go to them. Strange to relate, his name and that of the watcher were identical, and it was the latter who finally arose and went to the door.

There, reaching through the chink of the door, the

witches had loj)ped off the nose and ears of the young man,

and

loss, had put feahad taken. Ujjon hearing this astounding statement, Telyphron put his hands to his ears and they dropped off to his nose, and it fell off. He had no heart to return to his home, and was from

tures

order that he might not discover his

made

wax

in place of those they

;

an exile. The Jealous Wife.

tln'ii

])oor

ill

â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Of

plot, the tale of the

all

these stories, none of which

woman who murdered

her husband's

most notable because of its wealtli in this respect. whose husband is about to start on a journey, is told by him that if their child soon to be born is a girl, it must 1h' put to death. When the girl baby is born, the mother cannot bear to have it killed. She places it in the family of a

sister is

A woman,

iKMghbor to be reared.

THE APULEIAN SHORT STORY

When

the girl has

grown

XXXlll

to a marriageable age, the fact that

she can give her daughter no dowry so oppresses the mother that she confides

the whole story to her son.

promptly

agrees to take the girl into his family, provide her with a

dowry and marry her

to one of his

own dear

friends.

and his Going into the country, she slave with a message to the girl, requesting

It is necessary to conceal the identity of the girl,

wife becomes jealous of her. sends a faithful

her to come unattended to the country house. brother's signet ring ered, the girl,

who

Since her

shown her when the message

deliv-

devoted to her brother, has no hesitation

command. The jealous wife springs upon her from ambush, ill treats and wounds her and tinally, in spite of the fact that the girl in obeying his

between herself and her ashusband, murders her in a manner too horrible to

discloses the true relationship sailant's relate.

The husband and the young girl's fiance bury her, and the is so affected by grief that he becomes ill. The wife goes to a physician and offers him a large sum of money if he will sell her some poison. In the presence of the household the physician offers the sick man the cup. To his horror, the wife demands that he take part of the draught as proof that brother

he has no intention of poisoning her husband.

The

physician, speechless before the audacity of this aban-

doned woman, drinks part of the poison, offering the remainder to the sick man, who takes it readily. The wife manages to keep the physician in the house so long that he cannot save his life by an antidote. He lives long enough, however, to tell his wife what has happened and to bid her collect the reward promised him. When the physician's widow asks for the money, it is promised her at once and she is asked if she cannot find a little more of the same potion. Overjoyed at the promise of payment, she brings the whole casket.

INTRODUCTION

xxxiv

power for evil in her hands, the wicked woman murder her little daughter who will otherwise Arranging a luncheon party, inherit her father's property.

With

decides

this

she poisons not only her daughter, but the physician's

The

as well.

long enough to perpetrator

widow

child dies at once, but the older victim lives tell

the governor about the crimes, and their

sentenced to be thrown to the wild beasts.

In addition to the fact that this somewhat tiresome tale has such an involved plot, one notices the effect upon the narrator as the story proceeds and the full enormity of the wickedness of the principal character affects his judgment.

physician

applied to for the poison,

whom

.When

the

are told that he

when, tricked by the he has sold the poison, he dies, he is that

notorious for his perfidious villainies

woman

;

most admirable physician." Only second to the tale just The Enamoured Step-mother. told for depth of wickedness in its heroine, is that of the stepmother who loved her husband's son. If the author had been upholding the truth of the assertion that " hell hath no fury like a woman scorned," he could have brought forward no more convincing incidents. The stepmother is beautiful and the mother of a son, but her

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

passion for her stepson

The stepson

When

so great that she

is ill

because of

it.

pictured as a model youth devoted to his books.

his stepmother declares her passion, he

gests that they

must say nothing more

promptly sug-

until his father

goes away. It is his intention to

go away himself to escape the un-

welcome advances of his father's wife, but before he can do so, When the stepmother liis father goes upon a long' journey. is taught by the numerous excuses returned in answer to her various messages that her affection is unwelcome, her love turns to bitterest hate.

The

usual faithful slave procures the usual poison to ad-

mhiister to the offender, but

taken by the younger sou,

THE APULEIAN SHORT STORY who

The

dies.

father,' hastily

summoned,

tale of the depravity of his elder son.

XXXV told a horrible

Because his stepmother

repelled his advances, he has poisoned her son in revenge, and

now

plots to destroy her because she has detected his guilt.

Beside himself with grief, the poor father buries his dead son then he rushes into the market place, demanding the punish-

;

ment of the living one. The trial is held. The stepmother's faithful slave testifies that the young man, angered because of his stepmother's obduracy, had procured poison which he commanded the slave to give to the

brother

little

threatened death

that he offered a rich reward and

;

his

command were

not obeyed.

That

he had administered the potion with his own hand, fearful lest the slave should not do so.

finally

The senators, all believing in the guilt of the accused, were about to condemn him to death, when the most respected of them, putting his hand over the mouth of the vase into which the voting pebbles were to be cast, told a strange story.

him for a swift poison for which he pay a large sum. He had given the potion, but as his suspicions had been aroused, he had made an excuse by which he had managed to have the slave's seal affixed to the bag of coins paid him. Although the seal affixed to the bag of coins proved to be the same as that on the slave's ring, The

slave had applied to

offered to

maintained the truth of his story. said that the drug which he had given to the slave was mandrake, which did not kill but induced a deep sleep. If it had been administered to the boy, he would now the latter

still

Then the physician

They went

be on the point of awaking.

to the

tomb and found

the boy just emerging from the trance.

The

slave

was sentenced

to be crucified

banished for

life

of both sons,

was now happy

;

the father

who had

;

the stepmother was

believed himself bereft

in their possession,

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

The story of TleThe Tragedy of Tlepolemus and Charite. polemus and Charite, their love for each other and their death, ,

INTRODUCTION

XXXVl and of the

villain of the piece, Thrasyllus,

metrically developed of

all

beautiful and

the tales

the most sym-

are to consider,

charming, after

being sought in married to Tlepolemus, Thrasyllus, violently in love with her, has been rejected by her parents because of his dissipated life and evil associates. His Charite,

marriage by

many

suitors, is

passion for the bride of Tlepolemus does not wane, and he in-

wedded pair and becomes an intimate of the husband. Together they go to hunt roe deer, for Charite fears some injury to her husband if he seek hercer game. Tlepolemus and Thrasyllus are mounted, their servants on foot. Suddenly a wild boar springs from the forest. "With mighty muscles standing out, with bristling hair rising along his spine, he rushes out, gnashing his teeth in his rage, foaming at the mouth, while his eyes seem to flash forth flame."

gratiates himself with the

Upon

the proposal of Thrasyllus, the friends start in pursuit

of the boar. calls to his

may

upon Tlepolemus and

he, hard pressed,

The servants have already run

Thrasyllus attacks instead of aiding Tlepolemus, and

away.

maims

It turns

friend for aid.

his horse.

not

When

Fearful lest the tusks of the furious boar

inflict fatal

wounds, he adds several thrusts of his spear.

Charite learns of the death of her husband, she rushes

wildly through the street to throw herself upon his body, and is

only prevented by force from joining him in death.

Thrasyllus

And when

who

later rouses her to take

some

interest in

It is life.

seems reconciled to live, he urges his proposals upon her and this time with the consent of her parents. And now the shade of Tlepolemus appears to Charite in her sleep and tells her of the guilt of Thrasyllus. Her whole energy seems now to l)e directed to revenge. She conceals her loathing of her wicked suitor, and gives hopeful promises for the future. But when he urges her to accept him at once as her lover, she apparently yields, only stipulating that he come secretly, since her husband's death is so recent. slie

THE APULEIAN SHORT STORY On

his

When

arrival, a

servant plies

XXXVll

with drugged wine.

liini

him by plunging through his eyes again and again, a pin from her hair. Then, in spite of those who would have restrained her, Charite kills herself at her husband's tomb and Thrasyllus, awaking to the he

horror of

unconscious, Charite Llinds

that he has done, has himself locked in the

all

of those he has so wronged,

and dies of

tomb

starvation.

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

The tale of the Wife serve to bring into prominence that element of lubricity which is recognized as one of the characteristics of the early Milesian tale. The tale of the Tub is well known, as Boccaccio has used it in his Decameron. The story of the Fuller's Wife is an involved tale of intrigue, and it also appears in the Decameron. The far-famed tale of Cupid and Psyche Cupid and Psyche. The Tale

Tub and

of the

Tub and the

Fuller's Wife.

the story of the Fuller's

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

one of the best-known tales of antiquity.

many

a work

of art,

and

known

the original, the exquisite translation of

Marius

Epicurean,

the

It has inspired

to comparatively few in

La Fontaine's

Walter Pater's and perhaps

version,

above all, for English readers, the poetical rendering of William Morris in the Earthly Paradise have made it well known in modern times. It is undoubtedly folklore in origin but worked over into the form of an erotic romance with a

very slight element of allegory.

With

the possible exception of the tale of Diophanes, the

Chaldaean, these are tales of action.

tremendous tion.

possibilities

When

open

One

readily sees the

to a narrator of vivid imagina-

Socrates tremblingly tells of the dread deeds of

is tempted to add something of his own, so stimulated are his inventive

the witch in punishing her enemies, the reader

powers.

The supernatural element is a favorite and striking feature, and the shades have as much individuality as their prototypes. At times the appearance of the shade was necessary, as in the

INTRODUCTION

XXXVlll second witch's

tale.

In the instance cited, the husband's

came unwillingly, but having come, argued vigorously with the wife who had poisoned him, and then, and there to prove his veracity, furnished the point of the whole tale by disclosing what the witch had done to Telyphron. In striking contrast, the shade of Tlepolemus need not have come at all, for Charite must already have suspected what he came to disclose. But he was a gentle, affectionate, resigned spirit, and a decided aid in adding to the thrill which these tales could spirit

not have failed to induce.

In the story of the Lost Slippers, the central figure is, His ready wit and kind

rather surprisingly, the lady's lover. heart, as

shown

in saving a slave

personality, a rare thing in

which characterization

from

torture,

noticeably absent.

ality is Charite, a well delineated character,

she

read so

a virtuous wife

many

make him a

the stories under discussion, in

something of a

Another personand the fact that

relief after

one has

accounts of readily accepted lovers and deceived

husbands.

With very few exceptions we strings are pulled

by the author.

shown puppets whose As a result there is mani-

are

fest a striking readiness to act in a

And

such a wealth of plot

The

way

promote the

plot.

villains are nearly all femi-

nine and are painted as absolutely unscrupulous.

Confidential

abound who are ever ready to plan murders and bring necessary potions from unscrupulous physicians. slaves

In these days of psychological studies the very objectivity of these always restful.

One can

simple, though involved tales feel sure that the person

who

is is

somewhat to be de-

ceived will yield readily to the most transparent attempt to that the good will ultimately triumph in almost every case; that punishments will be blood-curdling in their cruelty that ghosts will walk, and that while robbers

hoodwink him

;

nearly always die, yet undying fame

theirs forever.

gain, too, an interesting picture of the time.

In those days in

THE APULEIAN SHORT STORY

XXXIX

Thessaly, the land of magic, where wild beasts, robbers, inkyblackness and every kind of danger threatened from without, these melodramatic tales told in wayside inns by commercial travellers,

servants, sometimes even

by one of the leading most telling effect.

characters, could rarely fail to produce the

;

TALE or ARISTOMENES THE OOMMEROIAL TRAVELER Sed ut prius noritis quo quaestu me teneam

cuiatis :

sim

;

Aegiensis

;

audite et

melle vel caseo et huiusce modi

cauponarum mercibus per Thessaliam, Aetoliam, Boeotiam Comperto itaque Hypatae, quae

ultro citro discurrens.

civitas cunctae Thessaliae antepollet,

saporis

admodum commodo

cucurri id

omne

pretio

caseum recens

praestinaturus.

Sed, ut fieri adsolet, sinistro pede profectum

compendii frustrata est

commodum

;

omne enim

Ergo

magnarius coemerat. tus

scissili

pridie

spes

Lupus negotiator

igitur inefficaci celeritate fatiga- lo

vespera oriente ad balneas processeram

ecce Socraten contubernalem

bat

et sciti 5

distrahi, festinus ad-

meum

conspicio.

Humi

sede-

palliastro semiamictus, paene alius lurore,

miseram maciem deformatus, qualia solent fortunae cermina stipes in necessarium et

triviis erogare.

summe

Hunc

talem,

ad de-

quamquam 15

cognitum, tamen dubia mente propius

accessi.

Hem," inquam, " mi Socrates, quid istud ? quae quod flagitium ? At vero domi tuae iam defletus "

clamatus dati,

es, liberis tuis

tem

oculis

suis,

et con-

tutores iuridici provincialis decreto 20

uxor persolutis inferialibus

diuturno deformata,

facies ?

diffletis

officiis

luctu et maerore

paene ad extremam captivita-

domus infortunium novarum nuptiarum 1

Lucrus AruLEius

gaudiis a suis sibi parentibus hilarare compellitur.

cum summo dedecore

hie larvale simulacrum

" Aristomene," inquit,

nostro viseris."

ne tu fortunarum lubricas ambages

et instabiles incursiones et reciprocas vieissitudines ignoras 5

cum

dicto sutili centunculo facieni

punicantem prae pudore obtexit

ita,

suam iam dudum

ut ab umbilico pube

Nee denique perpessus manu ut

tenus cetera corporis renudaret.

ego tam miserum aerumnae spectaculum iniecta

adsurgat enitor. 10

ille,

ut erat, capite velato, " Sine, sine," inquit,

fru-

atur diutius trophaeo Fortuna, quod fixit ipsa." Effeci sequatur et simul

eumque propere trado, 15

vestio

unam

duabus

laciniis

dicam an contego,

quod unctui, quod

enormem eluviem operose

meis exuo

et ilico lavacro

tersui ipse praeministro, effrico,

sordium

probe curato, ad hospitium

lassus ipse fatigatum aegerrime sustinens perduco, lectulo

refoveo, cibo satio, poculo mitigo, fabulis permulceo.

Iam adlubentia

proclivis est sermonis et ioci et scitum

etiam cavillum, iam dicacitas intimida, 20pectore cruciabilem

frontem replaudens

cum

ille

imo de

suspiritum ducens, dextra saeviente *'

Me miserum,"

tatem gladiatorii spectaculi

infit,

" qui,

dum

volup-

satis famigerabilis consector, in

Nam ut scis optime, secundum quaestum Macedoniam profectus, dum mense decimo ibidem 25 attentus nummatior revortor, modico prius quam Larissam accederem, per transitum spectaculum obiturus in quadam has aerumnas incidi.

avia et lacunosa convalli a vastissimis latronibus obsessus

atque omnibus privatus tandem evado et utpote ultime adfectus ad 30

modum

diutumae refero

;

quandam cauponam Meroen, anum

sed

ad-

scitulam, devorto eique causas et peregrinationis et

domuitionis anxiae et

quae me

niiiiis

r|uam

humane

spoliationis

miserae

tractare adorta, cenae

TALE OF ARISTOMENES

Et statim miser, ut cum ilia annosam ac pestilentem servi-

gratae atque gratuitae adplicat. adquievi, ab unico congressu

tutem contraho et ipsas etiam

lacinias,

quas boni latrones

eontegendo mihi coucesserant, in earn coutuli, operulas etiam, quas adhuc vegetus saccariam faciens merebam, quoad

ad istam faciem quam paulo ante

bona uxor

vidisti

mala

fortuna perduxit." " Pol

quidem tu dignus," inquam,

veneriam et scortum scorteum

At in

ille

extrema sustinere,

quam "

lari et liberis praetulisti." 10

digitum a pollice proximum

stuporem attonitus

tutamenta sermonis ne

" es

quid est tamen novissimo extremius, qui voluptatem

tibi

Ain tandem?

admovens

feminam divinam

" Parce," inquit, " in

lingua intemperante

quid mulieris est " Saga,"

ori suo

" Tace, tace," inquit et circumspiciens

noxam

contralias."

" inquam, " potens ilia et regina "

caupona 15

" et

inquit,

potens

divina,

caelum deponere,

terram suspendere, fontes durare, montes diluere, manes sublimare, deos infimare, sidera extinguere, Tartarum ipsum

inluminare."

Oro te," inquam, "aulaeum tragicum dimoveto et siparium scaenicum complicato et cedo verbis communibus." " Vis,"

inquit,

audire facta? colae,

unum

Nam

immo plurima eius ament efflictim non modo in-

vel alterum,

ut se

verum etiam Indi

vel

Aethiopes utrique vel ipsi25

Anticthones, folia sunt artis et nugae merae. in

Sed quod

conspectum plurium perpetravit, audi, "

Cauponem quoque vicinum atque ob

mavit in ranam

nunc senex

ille

adventores pristinos in faece submissus raucus appellat. esset, in

Alium de

foro,

aemulum

defor-

dolio innatans vini sui, officiosis

roncis 30

quod adversus eam locutus

arietem deformavit et nunc aries

ille

causas agit.

LUCIUS APULEIUS

4 "

Quae cum subinde faceret ac

severissime

saxorum

niulti nocerentur, publicitus

statutumque ut

indignatio percrebruit

iaculatiouibus

earn die

vindicaretur.

consilium virtutibus cantionum antevortit et ut 5

Quod Medea

unius dieculae a Creone impetratis indutiis totam

domum

eius

ipso sene flammis coronalibus deus-

haec devotionibus sepulcliralibus in scrobem pro-

curatis, ut

mihi temulenta narravit proxime, cunctos in suis

domibus

sibi

cum

filiamque

serat, sic

ilia

altera

numinum

tacita

violentia clausit, ut toto biduo

non claustra perf ringi, non fores

evelli,

non denique parietes

mutua hortatione consone sanctissime quam deierantes clamitarent sese neque ei manus quiverint perforari, quoad

ij)si

admolituros subsidium, "

et,

At vero coetus

dome, id

summo

salutare

totam civitatem

omni fundamento, ut

centesimum lapidem in aliam civitatem

vertice mentis exasperati sitam et ob id ad aquas

At quoniam densa inliabitantium

locum novo hospiti non dabant, ante portam

domo

laturos

absolvit.

auctorem nocte intempesta cum tota

illius

sterilem transtulit. 20 ficia

cogitarit,

est parietibus et ipso solo et

clausa ad

erat,

quis aliud

sic ilia propitiata

aedi-

j^roiecta

discessit."

" Mira,"

inquam,

" nee

minus saeva, mi Socrates, memoras.

Denique mihi quoque non parvam incussisti sollicitudinem, immo vero formidinem, iniecto non scrupulo, sed lancea, ne 25

quo numinis ministerio anus et

ilia

cognoscat.

somno levata

similiter usa sermones istos nostros

Itaque maturius quieti nos reponamus

lassitudine

quam pote longissime." Haec adliu(! inc suadente

noctis

antelucio aufugiamus

istinc

.30

insolita

vinolentia

turna fatigatione pertentatus bonus Socrates stertebat altius.

Ego vero adducta

diu-

iam sopitus

fore pessulis(iue

tir-

matis grabatulo etiam pone cardines supposito et probe

TALE OF ARISTOMENES adgesto super

eum me

paululum coniveo. pulsu maiore

immo

circa

Commodum

ferme

tertiam

vigiliani

quieveram, et repente im-

ut latrones crederes ianuae reserautur,

vero fractis et evolsis funditus cardinibus proster-

Grabatulus alioquin breviculus et uno pede muti-

nuntur. lus

quam

Ac primum prae metu

recipio.

aliquantisper vigilo, dein

piitris

impetus

tanti

prosternitur,

violentia

quoque evolutum atque excussum humi recideus in inver-

sum coperit ac tegit. Tunc ego sensi naturalitus quosdam trarium provenire.

Nam

prodeunt, ita et in

illo

tinere,

obliquo aspectu, quid rei

Ac dum

munitus opperior, video mulieres

sit,

fimum

grabatuli soliertia

duas

lucernam lucidam gerebat una, spongiam altera.

in con- 10

nimio pavore risum nequivi con-

de Aristomene testudo factus.

deiectus

affectus

ut lacrimae saepicule de gaudio

altioris

aetatis

;

nudum gladium

Hoc habitu Socratem bene quietum circumstetere. cum gladio " Hie est, soror Panthia, carus En-

Infit ilia

dymion, hie Catamitus mens, qui diebus ac noctibus inlusit aetatulam meam, hie qui meis amoribus subterhabitis non20

solum me diffamat probris, verum etiam fugam

At ego

scilicet Ulixi astu deserta vice

instruit.

Calypsonis aeternam

Et porrecta dextera meque Panthiae At hie bonus," inquit, " consiliator Aristomenes, qui fugae huius auctor fuit et nunc morti25 proximus iam humi prostratus grabatulo subcubans iacet et haec omnia conspicit, impune se laturum meas contumelias putat. Faxo eum sero, immo statim, immo vero iam nunc, solitudinem flebo." suae demonstrato,

ut et praecedentis dicacitatis et instantis curiositatis paeniteat."

Haec ego ut accepi, sudore frigido miser perfluo, tremore viscera quatior, ut grabatulus etiam succussu meo

LUCIUS APULEIUS

mum

palpitando saltaret.

igitur," inquit, " soror

Quin

Meroe, hunc

pri-

bacchatim discerpimus."

Ad 5

meum

super dorsum

inquietus

bona Panthia haec

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

enim

sic

reapse

Socratis convenire sentiebam

fabulis

persit

Meroe

hie

qui

saltern,

tumulet humo,'

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

nomen '

tunc

eius

Immo,'

ait,

su-

huius corpus parvo con-

miselli

alterum dimoto latus

et capite Socratis in

per iugulum sinistrum capulo tenus gladium totum

ei de-

mergit et sanguinis eruptionem utriculo admoto excipit ut nulla

10 diligenter,

Haec ego meis

stilla

compareret usquam.

Nam

oculis aspexi,

etiam, ne quid de-

mutaret, credo, a victimae religione, immissa dextera per

vulnus illud ad viscera penitus, cor miseri contubernalis

mei Meroe bona scrutata

protulit,

immo

issecata gula vocem,

cum

ille inj)etu teli

prae-

stridorem incertum per vulnus

effunderet et spiritum rebulliret.

Quod vulnus, qua max-

ime patebat, spongia offulciens Panthia " Heus tu," inquit, " spongia, cave in mari nata per fluvium transeas." His editis abeunt.

Commodum

integrae

limen evaserant, et fores ad pristinum statum

resurgunt

postes repagula

ego, ut eram, etiam

et frigidus 25

cardines

;

redeunt,

immo

foramina

claustra

resident,

pessuli

recurrunt.

nunc humi proiectus, inanimis, nudus

vero semimortuus, verum etiam ipse mihi

supervivens et postumus vel certe destinatae iam cruci candidatus, " Quid," inquam, "

paruerit ? *

tiet,

Proclamares saltem suppetiatum,

Cur autera

ubi iste iugulatus

mane

Cui videbor veri similia dicere proferens vera

mulieri nequibas 30

;

Ergo quouiam

resistere

vir

sub oculis tuis homo iugulatur, et

te simile

crudelitas vel

latrocinium non peremit?

tantus siles ?

Cur saeva

propter indicium sceleris arbitro pepercit? evasisti

mortem, nunc

illo redi.'

TALE OF ARISTOMENES Haec

identidein

Optimum

mecum

replicabairi, et

nox ibat

in diem.

itaque factu visum est anteluculo furtim evadere

Sumo

viam licet trepido vestigio capessere. meam, subdita clavi pessulos reduce

sarcinulam

at illae probae et

;

quae sua sponte reseratae nocte fuerant,

tideles ianuae,

vix

tandem et aegerrime tunc clavis suae crebra immissione

patefiunt.

Heus

tu,

antelucio volo

cubitans

ubi es ? " ire."

etiam nunc

inquam

;

" valvas stabuli absolve,

lanitor pone

stabuli

semisomnus

Quid ?

ostium Immi inquit, lo

tu,"

" ignoras latronibus infestari vias, qui hoc noctis iter incipis ?

Nam

etsi tu alicuius

facinoris tibi conscius scilicet mori

cupis, nos cucurbitae caput

amur."

Non

quid viatori de

non habemus, ut pro

longe," inquam, " lux abest.

te mori-

Et praeterea

summa pauperie latrones auferre possunt ? 15 nudum nee a decem palaestritis despoli-

ignoras, inepte, ari posse ? "

haec

evolutus tuo,

ille

marcidus et semisopitus in alterum latus

Unde autem,"

cum quo

inquit, " scio,

an convectore

sero devorteras, iugulato fugae

illo

mandes prae-20

sidium." Illud horae

memini me

terra dehiscente

ima Tartara

inque his canem Cerberum prorsus esurientem spexisse.

recordabar

misericordia iugulo reseruasse.

meo

profecto

pepercisse, sed saevitia cruci

In cubiculum itaque reversus de genere

multuario mortis

mecum

pro-

bonam Meroen non

me 25 tu-

deliberabam.

Sed cum nullum aliud telum mortiferum Fortuna quam solum mihi grabatulum subministraret, tule,"

inquam, "animo meo carissime, qui

lam iam

graba-

mecum totaerum-30

nas exanclasti conscius et arbiter, quae nocte gesta sunt,

quem solum

meo

reatu

testem

innocentiae

citare

LUCIUS APULEIUS

possum, tu mihi ad inferos festinanti sumministra telum salutare "

cum

;

expedire ac

dicto restim,

tigillo,

qua erat intextus, adgredior

quod fenestrae subditum altriusecus

promiuebat, iniecta atque obdita parte funicula et altera 5 firmiter

nodum

coacta ascenso grabatulo ad

sublimatus et immisso capite laqueum altero fulcimentum,

deductu

restis

Sed

iiiduo.

quo sustinebar,

exitium

dum pede

ut ponderis

repello,

ad iugluviem adstricta spiritus

dis-

ofiicia

cluderet, repente putris alioquin et vetus funis dirumpitur 10

atque ego de recidens Socrateu — nam iuxta me iacebat — superruo cumque eo in terram devolvor. Et ecce ipso alto

momento

alta nocte

Ad 15

Ubi

ianitor introrumpit exerte clamitans "

immodice festinabas

nunc

haec nescio an casu nostro an

stertis

es tu, qui "

involutus?

absono clamore

illius

experrectus Socrates exsurgit prior et " Xon," inquit, "

iste curiosus

endi aliquid

dum

inportune irrumpit

— clamore

— credo

in-

Nam

merito stabularios hos omnes hospites detestantur.

studio rapi-

vasto marcidum alioquin

altis-

simo somno excussit." 20

Emergo

laetus atque alacer insperato gaudio perfusus et

" Ecce, ianitor fidelissime, comes et pater

meus, quem nocte ebrius occisum a

cum

dicto Socratem deosculabar amplexus.

alioquin spurcissimi humoris percussus, 25 illae

mens

infecerant,

vehementer aspernatur

frater

calumniabaris," et

ille

odore

quo me Lamiae "

Apage

te," in-

quit, " fetorem extremae latrinae " et causas coepit huius

odoris comiter inquirere.

At ego miser

adficto ex

tempore

absurdo ioco in alium sermonem intentionem eius denuo derivo et iniecta dextra " Quin imus," inquam, " et itineris 30

matutini gratiam capimus."

Sumo

sarcinulam et pretio mausionis stabulario persoluto

capessimus viam.

TALE OF ARISTOMENES

Aliquantum processeramus, et iam iubaris exortu cuncta Et ego curiose sedulo arbitrabar iugulum conlustrantur. comitis,

qua parte gladiuin delapsura videram, et mecum extrema somni-

" Vesane," aio, " qui poculis et vino sepultus

Ubi vulnus,

Ecce Socrates integer, sanus, incolumis.

asti.

ubi spongia

Et ad ilium

ubi

? :

postremum

cicatrix

tam alta,

tarn recens ?

Non," inquam, " immerito medici

cibo et

lidi

crapula distentos saeva et gravia somniare autumaut milii denique, quod poculis vesperi minus temperavi, nox acerba ;

diras et truces imagines optulit, ut

adhuc me credam cruore

humano aspersum atque impiatum." Ad haec ille subridens " At tu," inquit, " non sanguine, sed lotio perfusus ee, verum tamen et ipse per somnium Nam et iugulum istum dolui et iugulari visus sum mihi. cor

ipsum mihi

cior et

avelli putavi, et

genua quatior

nunc etiam

gradu titubo

spiritu deli- is

et aliquid

cibatus

refovendo spiritu desidero."

paratum tibi adest ientaculum " et cum manticam meam humero exuo, caseum cum pane propere ei porrigo et " luxta platanum istam residamus " aio, 20 Quo facto et ipse aliquid indidem sumo eumque avide " En," inquam, "

dicto

esitantem aspiciens aliquanto intentiore macie atque palSic denique

buxeo deficientem video.

lore

eum

vi talis color

turbaverat, ut mihi prae metu, nocturnas etiam Eurias illas

imaginanti, frustulum panis, quod vis

primum sumpseram, quam- 25

mediis faucibus inhaereret ac neque

admodum modicum

deorsum demeare neque sursum remeare crebritas ipsa

Nam

commeantium metum mihi cumulabat.

enim de duobus comitum alterum

tum

posset.

crederet ?

sitire inpatienter

Verum

ille

coeperat

tem avide devoraverat,

;

sine alterius

Quis

noxa perem-

ut satis detruncaverat cibum,

nam

baud

et optimi casei

ita

bonam

par-

longe radices platani lenis

LUCIUS APULEIUS

fluvius in speciem placidae paludis ignavus ibat argento vel

aemulus in colorem. En," inquam, " explere latice fontis lacteo."

vitro "

Adsurgit 5

ille

et oppertus

ginem complicitus poculum,

Kecdum

paululum planiorem ripae mar-

genua adpronat

satis

se avidus adfectans

extremis labiis

summum

aquae

ro-

profundum patorem et ilia spongia de eo repente devolvitur eamque parvus admodum comitatur cruor, Denique corpus exani-

rem

attigerat, et iugulo eius

matum

vulnus

deliiscit in

in flumen paene cernuat, nisi ego altero eius

pede

retento vix et aegre ad ripam superiorem adtraxi, ubi de-

fletum pro tempore comitem misellum arenosa

humo

amnis vicinia sempiterna contexi. Ipse trepidus et eximie metuens mihi per diversas et I5avias solitudines aufugi et quasi conscius mihi caedis hu-

manae,

relicta patria et lare,

ultroneum exilium amplexus,

nunc Aetoliam novo contracto matrimonio

colo.

n DIOPHANES THE CHALDEAN

Nam

die

quadam cum

frequentis populi circulo conseptus

coronae circumstantium fata donaret, Cerdo quidam nomine negotiator accessit eum, diem

commodum

Quern cum electum destinasset

piens.

peregrinationi cu-

ille,

iam deposita

cru-

mina, iam profusis nummulis, iam dinumeratis centum de-

narium, quos mercedem divinationis auferret, ecce quidam de nobilibus adulescentulus a tergo adrepens

eum

lacinia pre-

hendit et eonversum amplexus exosculatur artissime.

ille

ubi

primum

eum iuxtim

consaviatus

se ut adsidat

effecit,

attonitus repentinae visionis stupore et praesentis lo

negotii

quod gerebat

oblitus,

infit

equidem exoptatus nobis advenis ille alius, "

Respondit ad haec

Sed vicissim tu quoque, exinde, ut de

f rater,

ad eum

Quam

olim

Commodum vespera orients. quem ad modum

mihi memora

Euboea insula festinus

enavigasti, et maris et 15

viae confeceris iter."

haec Diophanes

ille

Chaldaeus egregius mente viduus

necdum suus " Hostes," inquit, " et omnes inimici nostri tam diram, immo vero Ulixeam peregrinationem incidant.

Nam

et navis ipsa,

qua vehebamur,

variis turbinibus pro- 20

cellarum quassata, utroque regimine amisso aegre ad ulterioris

ripae

marginem

detrusa, praeceps demersa est et nos

omnibus amissis vix enatavimus. "

Quodcumque

vel

iguotorum miseratione vel amicorum

benivolentia contraximus, id

omne 11

latrocinalis invasit

manus,

LUCIUS APULEIUS

quorum audaciae repugnaiis etiam Arignotus unicus f rater meus sub istis oculis miser iugulatus est." Haec eo adhuc narrante maesto Cerdo, ille negotiator correptis nummulis suis, quos divinationis mercedi destinaverat, 5

protinus aufugit. pergitus

sensit

dehinc tunc

demum

imprudentiae suae labem,

Diophanes ex-

cum etiam nos

omnis circumsecus adstantes in clarum cachinnum videret elfusos.

Ill

TELYPHEON'S TALE OF THE WITCHES Pupillus ego Mileto profectus ad picurn

cum haec

spectaculum

Olym-

etiain loca provinciae famigerabilis adire

cuperein, peragrata cuncta Thessalia fuscis avibus Larissam

Ac dimi

accessi,

singula

pererrans

admodum

tenuato

meae fomenta conquiro, conspicor medio Insistebat lapidem claforo procerum quendam senem.

viatico, paupertati

raque voce praedicabat,

qui

mortuum

servare vellet, de

Et ad quempiam praetereuntium

pretio liceretur.

Quid

hoc," inquam, " comperior? Hicine mortui solent aufugere?" " Tace," respondit ille, "

nam oppido

puer et

satis pere- lo

grinus es meritoque ignoras Thessaliae te consistere, ubi

sagae mulieres ora mortuorum passim demorsicant, eaque illis artis magicae supplementa." Contra ego " Et quae, tu," inquam, " die sodes, custodela

sunt

ista feralis ? "

lam primum,"

noctem eximie vigilandum semper

respondit

perpetem

in cadaver intentis

nee acies usquani devertenda, deterrimae versi-

animal ore converso latenter adrepant, ut

ipsos etiam oculos Solis et lustitiae facile f rustrentur

immo

;

nam 20

et aves et

rursum canes

induunt.

Tunc diris cantaminibus somno custodes obruunt. quisquam definire poterit quantas latebras ne-

Nee

satis

est exertis et inconivis oculis

immo ne obliquanda quidem, quippe cum pelles in quodvis

ille,

mures,

vero etiam muscas

quissimae mulieres pro libidine sua comminiscuntur, 13

LUCIUS APULEIUS

14 "

Nec tamen huius

quam

tarn exitiabilis operae

Ehem, et, mane quidquid inde decerptum deminutumque fuerit,

quod paene praeterieram, restituerit, 6 id

merces amplior

quaterni vel seni ferme offeruntur aurei.

omne de

qui non integrum corpus

facie sua desecto sarcire compellitur."

meum conmasculo et Clamare," inquam, " iam desine.

His cognitis animum praeconem,

ilico

accedens

Adest custos

paratus, cedo praemium."

"nummum

"Mille," inquit,

deponentur

lOiuvenis, cave diligenter principum civitatis

tibi. lilii

Sed heus cadaver a

malis Harpiis probe custodias." " Ineptias,"

inquam,

hominem ferreum Lynceo 15

vel

Argo

Vix finieram,

mihi narras et nugas meras.

Vides

insomnem, certe perspicaciorem ipso

oculeum totum."

et ilico

perducit ad

domum quampiam,

quandam brevem posticulam intro vocat me et conclave quoddam obseratis luminibus umbrosum aperiens demonstrat matronam flebilem fusca veste contectam, quam propter adsistens " Hie," inquit, " aucAt ilia 20 toratus ad custodiam mariti tui fidenter accessit." cuius ipsis foribus obseptis per

crinibus antependulis liinc inde dimotis etiam in maerore luculentam proferens faciem meque respectans " Vide oro," inquit, "

" Sine 25

quam

expergite

cura

sis,"

munus

inquam,

obeas."

modo

compara." Sic placito consurrexit et ad aliud Ibi

corpus

splendentibus

quibusdam septem fleto,

corollarium idoneum

verba

testibus,

linteis

manu

me cubiculum

coopertum,

inducit.

introductis

revelat et diutine super

obtestata tidcin })raesentium singula demonstrat anxie, con(;ei)ta

de industria quodam tabulis praenotante.

" Ecce," inquit, " nasus integer,

inlibatae labiae,

mentum

incolumes

solidum,

Vos

oculi, salvaeaures,

banc rem, boui

TELYPHRON'S TALE Quirites, testimonium perhibetote," et

cum

dicto consignatis

tabulis facessit.

illis

At ego

" lube," inquam,

domina, cuncta quae sunt usui

necessaria nobis exhiberi." "

At quae,"

" Lucerna," sufficiens

" inquit, " ista sunt ? aio,

praegrandis et oleum ad lucem luci

cum oenophoris

calida

et calice

cenarumque

reliquiis discus ornatus."

Tunc ilia capite quassanti, "Abi," inquit, " fatue, qui in domo funesta cenas et partes requiris, in qua totiugis iam diebus ne fumus quidem visus est ullus. An istuc comisatum te venisse credis ? Quin sumis potius loco congruentes Haec simul dicens respexit ancillulam luctus et lacrimas ? " et "

Myrrhine," inquit, " lucernam et oleum trade confestim

et incluso custode, cubiculo protinus facesse."

Sic desolatus ad cadaveris solacium perfrictis oculis et

animum meum permulcebam cantacum ecce crepusculum et nox provecta et nox altior

obarmatis ad vigilias tionibus,

et dein concubia altiora et

iam nox intempesta.

Mihique

oppido formido cumulatior quidem, cum repente introrepens

mustula contra

optutumque acerrimum

constitit

destituit, ut tantillula animalis prae

turbarit

quam, dis,

animum.

Denique

sic

" inpurata bestia, teque

antequam

nostri

'20

nimia sui fiducia mihi

ad illam " Quin abis," tui similes

vim praesentariam

in-

musculos recon-

experiaris ?

Quin 25

abis?"

Terga vortit mora,

cubiculo protinus

cum me somnus profundus

exterminatur. in

Nee

imum barathrum

repente demergit, ut ne deus quidem Delphicus ipse facile discerneret, duobus nobis iacentibus, quis esset magis mor-30 tuus.

eram.

Sic inanimis et indigens alio custode paene ibi

non

LUCIUS APULEIUS

Commodum

noctis indutias cantus perstrepebat cristatae

Tandem

cohortis.

expergitus et nimio pavore perterritus

cadaver accurro et ainmoto lumine revelataque eius facie

rimabar singula, quae cuncta convenerant 5

cum

flens

;

ecce uxor misella

hesternis testibus introrumpit anxia et statim

superruens multumque ac diu deosculata sub

corpori

ar-

bitrio luminis recognoscit omnia.

Et conversa Philodespotum

requirit actorem, ei praecipit,

bono custodi redderet sine mora praemium. 10

statim

Summas,"

hercules

Et oblato

inquit, " tibi, iuvenis, gratias

agimus

ob sedulum istud ministerium inter ceteros

et fa-

miliares deliinc numerabimus."

ego insperato

haec

lucro

diffusus

gaudium

manu mea

in aureos refulgentes, quos identidem

bam, attonitus "Immo," inquam, " domina, de famulis

unum

putato,

tuis

operam nostram desiderabis,

quotiens

ventila-

fidenter impera."

Vix effatum me statim familiares omen nefarium exsecrati 20

cuiusque modi

raptis

infestis

hie latera

distrahere,

insecuntur

aomo

discerptus

Ac dum

calcibus

suft'odere,

vestem

discindere.

iuvenis Adonei vel

telis

;

pugnis

ille

malas oftendere, scapulas alius cubitis inpingere, palmis

Sic

insultare,

capillos

modum

superbi

musici vatis Pipleii laceratus atque

proturbor.

proxima platea refovens animum infausti

atque inprovidi sermonis mei sero reminiscor dignumque

pluribus

ecce iam

mortuus

etiam

ultimum

verberibus

iitu(|U(' patrio,

30 funcris puhlici

fuisse

merito

defletus atque conclamatus

consentio,

processerat

utpote unus de optimatibus,

pompa

ductabatur per forum.

Occurrit atratus quidam maestus in laciiinis genialem

canitiem revellens

senex

manibus ambabus invadens

TELYPHRON'S TALE

torum voce contenta quidem, sed adsiduis singultibus impedita " Per fidem vestram," inquit, " Quirites, per pietatem

publicam perempto

extremum facinus

civi subsistite et

uefariam scelestamque istam feminam severiter vindicate.

Haec enim nee meae filium, in

miserum adulescentem, sororis gratiam et ob praedam heredita-

ullus alius

adulteri

riam extinxit veneno." Sic bat.

lamentabiles

senior

ille

Saevire vulgus

questus singulis instrepe-

interdum

quirunt

parvulos

saxa,

Emeditatis ad haec

Conclamant ignem,

exitium

mulieris

igitur senex

quamque sanctissime numina tantum scelus abnuebat. ille

providentiam reponamus.

pheta primarius, qui

re- 10

hortantur.

ilia fletibus

terat adiurans cuncta

Ergo

verisimilitudine

facti

ad criminis credulitatem impelli.

" Veritatis arbitrium in

po-

divinam

Zatchlas adest Aegyptius pro-

mecum iam dudum

grandi praemio

pepigit reducere paulisper ab inferis spiritum corpusque istud postliminio mortis animare,"

quempiam

linteis

baxeis inductum

amiculis et

cum

iniectum

adusque deraso

dicto

iuvenem

pedesque

palmeis

capite

producit in 20

medium, Huius diu manus deosculatus **

Miserere,"

ait,

et ipsa

genua contingens

" sacerdos, miserere per caelestia sidera,

per inferna numina, per naturalia elementa, per nocturna silentia

adyta Coptica et

per incrementa Nilotica et25

arcana Memphytica et sistra Phariaca.

usuram infunde.

Non

aeternum conditis obnitimur nee terrae

sed ad ultionis

Da brevem

solis

modicam lucem rem suam denegamus,

oculis

solacium exiguum vitae spatium depre-

camur."

Propheta poris

sic propitiatus

et aliam

lierbulam

pectori eius imponit.

quampiam ob os corTunc orientem ob-

LUCIUS APULEIUS

18 versus

incrementa

rabilis

scaenae

augusti tacitus imprecatus vene-

solis

facie

praesentium

studia

miraculum

tantum certatim adrexit.

Immitto me turbae socium

quendam lapidem

6 tiorem

arbitrabar,

iam tumore pectus

iam

pulsari,

paludibus

10 ducitis oflEicia ?

innatantem

edi-

cuncta curiosis oculis

iam salubris vena

extolli,

spiritu corpus impleri

profatur adulescens " Quid, oro, Stygiis

pone ipsum lectulum

insistens

et adsurgit cadaver et

post Lethaea pocula iam

ad momentariae vitae

Desine iam, precor, desine ac

re-

meam

quietem permitte."

Haec audita vox de corpore, sed aliquanto propheta commotior " Quiu refers," ait, " populo singula tuaque mortis illuminas arcana? 15

An non

Diras invocari, posse Suscipit

adorat

ille

tibi

putas devotionibus meis posse

membra

de lectulo et imo

lassa torqueri ? "

cum gemitu populum

sic

" Malis novae nuptae peremptus artibus et addictus

noxio poculo torum tepentem adultero mancipavi."

Tunc uxor egregia 20sacrilega

coarguenti

capit praesentem

marito

audaciam

resistens

altercat.

mente

Populus

pessimam feminam viventem statim cum corpore mariti sepeliendam, alii mendacio cadaveris fidem non habendam.

aestuat, diversa tendeutes, hi

Sed banc cunctationem sequens adulescentis sermo 25 tinxit

;

vobis

nam rursus altius ingemescens " Dabo," inquit, intemeratae

prorsus alius

nemo

demonstrans, "

veritatis

documenta

;

cognoverit indicabo."

perlucide

Tunc

dis-

" dabo

quod

digito

Nam cum corporis mei custos hie sagacissimus

exertam mihi teneret vigiliam, cantatrices anus exuviis meis 30inminentes atque ob id reformatae frustra saepius,

cum

industriam sedulam eius fallere nequivissent, postremum iniecta

somni nebula eocjue

profundam quietem sepulto

TELYPHRON'S TALE

me nomine ciere non prius desierunt, quam dum hebetes artus et membra frigida pigris conatibus ad artis magicae nituntur obsequia. "

Hie utpote vivus quidem, sed tantum non sopore mortuus, quod eodem mecum vocabulo nuncupatur, ad suum nomen ignarus exsurgit et in exanimis umbrae modum ultroneus gradiens,

per

quamquam

foribus cubiculi

quoddam foramen

diligenter obclusis,

prosectis naso prius ac

mox

auribus

me lanienam sustinuit.

Utque fallaciae reliqua convenirent, ceram in modum prosectarum formatam aurium 10 ei adplicant examussim nasoque ipsius similem comparant. Et nunc adsistit miser hie praemium non industriae sed vicariam pro

debilitationis consecutus."

Hie

dictis perterritus

temptare formam adgredior.

In-

manu nasum prehendo, sequitur aures pertracto, 15 deruunt. Ac dum directis digitis et detortis nutibus praeiecta

;

sentium denotor,

dum

risus

ebullit,

stantium frigido sudore defluens evado. ac sic ridiculus lari

inter pedes

Nee postea

circumdebilis

patrio reddere potui, sed capillis

hinc inde laterum deiectis aurium vulnera celavi, nasi vero

dedecus linteolo

isto

pressim adglutinato decenter obtexi.

THE EOBBER'S TALE Vix enim Thebas heptapylos accessimus quod primarium studium, sedulo fortunas

disciplinae

bamus popularis 5

est huic

inquire-

nee nos denique latuit Chryseros quidam

;

nummularius copiosae pecuniae dominus, qui metu officiorum ac munerum publicorum magnis artibus uiagnam dissimulaDenique solus ac

bat opulentiam. satis

solitarius,

parva,

sed

munita domuncula contentus, pannosus alioquin ac

sordidus, aureos folles incubabat.

Ergo placuit ad hunc primum ferremus aditum, ut conlOtempta pugna manus unicae nullo negotio cuuctis opibus otiose potiremur.

Nee mora, cum

noctis initio foribus eius

praestolamur, quas neque sublevare neque dimovere ac ne perfringere quidem nobis

videbatur,

cunctam viciniam nostro suscitaret

Tunc itaque sublimis

ille

ne valuarum sonus

exitio.

vexillarius

noster

Lamachus

spectatae virtutis suae fiducia, qua clavi immittendae fora-

men bat,

manu claustrum evellere gestieomnium bipedum nequissimus

patebat, sensim immissa

Sed dudum

scilicet

Chryseros vigilans et singula rerum sentiens, lenem gradum 20 et

oliuixum silentium tolerans ])aulatiin adrepit grandique

clavo iiianum ducis nostri repente nisu fortissimo ad ostii

tabuhun

(jiligit

gurgustioli sui

et exitiabili

nexu patibulatum relinquens

tectum ascendit atc^ue inde contentissima

voce clamitaus rogansque vicinos et 20

unum quemque

proprio

THE ROBBER'S TALE nomine

ciens et salutis

communis admonens diffamat incendio

repentino

domum suam

periculi

confinio

Tunc nos

Sic unus quisque proximi

possideri.

suppetiatum

territus

periculo

aneipiti

remedium

nostri vel deserendi socii,

decurrunt

anxii

vel

opprimendi

e re nata

validum eo

constituti

volente comminiscimar.

Antesignani nostri partem qua manus per articulum ibi

medium temperato,

umerum

subit, ictu

prorsus abscidimus atque

brachio relicto, multis laciniis offulto vulnere, ne stillae

sanguinis vestigium proderent, ceterum

reportamus.

Ac dum

trepidi

Lamachum raptim

religionis

urguemur gravi

tumultu et instantis periculi metu terremur ad fugam nee vel sequi propere vel

remanere tuto potest vir sublimis

animi virtutisque praecipuus, multis nos adfatibus multis-

que precibus querens adhortatur per dexteram Martis, per fidem sacramenti,

bonum commilitonem

captivitate liberaremus.

cruciatu simul et

Cur enim manui, quae rapere

iugulare sola posset, fortem latronem supervivere ?

beatum, qui manu socia volens occumberet,

Sat se

Cumque

nulli

nostrum spontale parricidium suadens persuadere posset,

manu reliqua sumptum gladium suum diuque deosculatum per medium pectus ictu fortissimo transadigit. Tunc nos magnanimi ducis vigore venerato corpus reliquum veste lintea diligenter convolutum mari celandum commisimus. Et nunc iacet noster Lamachus elemento toto sepultus. 25 Et ille quidem dignum virtutibus suis vitae terminum posuit.

Enim vero Alcimus

sollertibus coeptis

Eortunae nutum non potuit adducere.

minus saevum

Qui cum dormientis

anus perfracto tuguriolo conscendisset cubiculum superius

iamque protinus

oblisis

buisset, prius maluit

faucibus

interstinguere

eam

de-30

rerum singula per latiorem fenestram

forinsecus nobis scilicet rapienda dispergere.

LUCIUS APULEIUS

cuncta rerum naviter emolitus nee toro

Cumque iam

aniculae quiescentis parcere vellet eaque lectulo suo

quidem

devoluta vestem stragulain subductam scilicet iactare simi-

deprecatur " Quid, oro, las

sic

nequissima

ilia

paupertinas pannosasque rescu-

fill,

miserrimae anus donas vicinis divitibus, quorum haec

fenestra

domum

Quo sermone 10

genibus eius profusa

destinaret,

liter 5

prospicit ?

credens Alcimus, verens

scilicet

quaeque postea missurus

foret,

lares

quae dicta sunt

callido deceptus astu et vera

iam certus

ne et ea quae prius miserat,

non

sociis suis, sed in alienos

abiceret,

erroris

suspendit se

fenestra

fortunas arbitraturus.

domus attiguae, Quod eum strenue

conantem

senile illud facinus,

sagaciter perspecturus omnia, praesertim

ut dixerat

ilia,

quidem, set

satis inprovide

I5quanquam invalido, repentino tamen et inopinato pulsu nutantem ac pendulum et

in prospectu alioquin attonitum

praeceps inegit.

Qui praeter altitudinem nimiam super quendam etiam vastissimum lapidem propter iacentem decidens perfracta 20diffusaque crate costarum rivos sanguinis vomens imitus narratisque nobis quae gesta sunt, non diu cruciatus vitam

Quern prioris exemplo sepulturae traditum bonum

evasit.

secutorem Lamacho dedimus.

Tunc 25l)us I

orbitatis duplici plaga petiti

iamque Thebanis

conati-

abnuentes Plataeas proximam conscendimus civitatem. fiuiuim celebrem super

quodam Demochare munus edituro

gladiatorium deprehendimus. et opibus

plurimus

Nam

et liberalitate

vir et genere primarius

praecipuus digno fortunae

suae splendore publicas voluptates instruebat. 30 iiigenii, quis facundiae, quis singulas species

tiiugi

verbis

idoneis

posset explicare?

famosae manus, venatores

illi

Quis tantus

apparatus mul-

Gladiatores

isti

probatae pernicitatis, alibi

THE ROBBER'S TALE noxii perdita

struentes

;

securitate

confixilis

suis epulis ))estiarum saginas in-

machinae

sublicae,

turres

structae

tabularum nexibus ad instar circvimforaneae domus, floridae

Qui prae-

picturae, decora futurae venatiouis receptacula.

terea numerus, quae facies ferarum

Nam

tum

capi-

funera.

Sed totis

praecipuo studio

damnatorum

forinsecus etiam advexerat generosa ilia

praeter

ceteram

speciosi

muneris

utcumque patrimonii viribus

numerum

parabat

Nam

copiosum.

supellectilem

immanis ursae compraeter

domesticis

veuationibus captas, praeter largis emptionibus partas ami-

corum, etiam donationibus variis certatim oblatas tutela

sumptuosa

sollicite nutriebat.

Nee

ille

tarn clarus

tamque

splendidus publicae voluptatis apparatus Invidiae noxios effugit oculos.

Nam

diutina captivitate fatigatae simul et aestiva

fla-

grantia maceratae, pigra etiam sessione languidae, repentiua

correptae pestilentia paeue ad nullum redivere numerum. Passim per plateas plurimas cerneres iacere semivivorum corporum ferina naufragia. Tunc vulgus ignobile, quos20 inculta pauperies sine delectu ciborum tenuato ventri cogit

sordentia

supplementa

dapes

gratuitas

Tunc

passim iacentes epulas accurrunt.

conquirere,

e re nata subtile

consilium ego et iste Babulus tale comminiscimur.

Unam, quae

ceteris sarcina corporis

praevalebat, quasi 25

parandam portamus ad nostrum receptaculum eiusque probe nudatum carnibus corium servatis sollerter totis cibo

unguibus, ipso

mus

omne

minuto cinere perspersum

Ac dum

adusque

etiam bestiae capite

cervicis solido relicto, tergus

caelestis vaporis

confinium

rasura studiosa tenua-

soli

siccandum tradimus.

flammis examurgatur, nos

terdum pulpis eius valenter saginantes

in-

sic instanti militiae

LUCIUS APULEIUS

disponimus sacramentiim, ut unus e uumero nostro, non qui corporis adeo, sed auimi robore ceteris aiitistaret, atque is

iu primis voluutarius, pelle ilia eontectus, iirsae subiret

Democharis

domuinque

elfigiem

5 noctis silentia

paueos fortissimi collegii sollers species ad

dum

adrexerat.

opportuna

per

iulatus

Xec munus obeuu-

nobis ianuae faciles praestaret aditus.

Quorum prae

ceteris

Thrasyleou

factioiiis

optione delectus aucipitis macliinae subivit aleani.

lamque

habili corio et mollitie tractabili vultu sereno

lOsese recondit.

adaequamus

Tunc

tenui sarcimine

et iuncturae

rimam,

summas

oras

eius

licet gracilein, setae

cir-

cumfluentis densitate saepimus, ad ipsum confinium gulae,

qua cervix bestiae fuerat execta, Thrasyleonis caput subire cogimus parvisque respiratui circa nares 15 f oraminibus

et oculos

datis

fortissimum socium nostrum prorsus bestiam

factum inmittimus caveae modico praestinatae

pretio,

quam

constanti vigore festinus inrepsit ipse.

Ad hunc modum ciae pergimus.

prioribus inchoatis sic ad reliqua falla-

Sciscitati

nomen cuiusdam

20genere Thracio proditus ius amicitiae

Democliare colebat,

iSTicanoris,

qui

summum cum

illo

litteras adfingimus, ut venationis suae

primitias bonus amicus videretur ornando muneri dedicasse,

lamque provecta

vespera

abusi

Thrasyleonis caveam Democliari 25

offerimus

;

cum

tenebrarum

praesidio

litteris illis adulteriuis

qui miratus bestiae magnitudinem suique contu-

bernalis opportuna liberalitate laetatus iubet nobis protinus

gaudii sui gerulis decern aureos, ut ipse Labebat, e suis loculis

adnumerari.

Tunc, ut Dovitas consuevit ad repentinas visiones animos

aohominum

pellere, multi

numero

niiial)undi bestiam conflue-

bant, (luorum satis callenter curiosos asjx'ctus Tlirasyleon

noster

impetu minaci frequenter inbibebat

;

consonaque

THE ROBBER'S TALE civium voce

satis

felix ac beatus

Demochares

saepe

ille

quod post tantam cladem ferarum novo proventu

celebratus,

quoquo modo fortunae

resisteret, iubet novalibus suis con-

summa cum

bestiam

festim.

Sed

diligentia deportari,

sus-

cipiens ego, " Caveas," inquam, " domine, fraglantia solis et 5 itineris spatio

fatigatam coetui multarum

ut audio, nou

Quin potius domus

recte valentium committere ferarum.

tuae patulum ac perflabilem locum,

et,

immo

coutermiuum refrigerantemque prospicis

et lacu aliquo

ignoras hoc

genus bestiae lucos consitos et specus roridos

amoenos semper incubare monitis

Talibus

perditorum

et fontes 10

Demochares

numerumque

perterritus

secum recensens non

difficulter adsensus,

ex arbitrio nostro caveam locaremus, facile permisit.

inquam,

et nos," ista

" ipsi parati

Sed

sumus hie ibidem pro cavea 15

excubare noctes, ut aestus et vexationis incommodo

bestiae fatigatae et

cibum tempestiuum

potum solitum

aceuratius offeramus." 'â&#x20AC;˘'Nihil

indigemus

labore

isto

vestro,"

respondit

ille,

iam paene tota familia per diutiuam consuetudinem nu- 20

triendis ursis exercitata est."

Post

haec

valefacto

discessimus

portam

egressi

monumentum quoddam conspicamur

remoto

et abdito loco positum.

civitatis

procul a via

Ibi capulos carie et vetu-

state semitectos, quis inhabitabant pulverei et

iam

cinerosi 25

mortui,

passim

mus

ex disciplina sectae

pore,

quo somnus obvius impetu primo corda mortalium premit, cohortem nostram gladiis ar-

futurae praedae servato

receptacula

resera-

noctis inlunio tem-

validius invadit ac

matam

ante

vadimoniam

Nee

setius

ipsas

fores

Democharis

velut

expilationis 30

sistimus.

Thrasyleou examussim capto noctis latrocinali

LUCIUS APULEIUS

momento

prorepit cavea statimque custodes, qui propter

sopiti quiescebant,

omnes ad ununi, mox etiam ianitorem

ipsuni gladio conficit clavique subtracta

pandit nobisque prompte 5

fores ianuae re-

convolantibus et

domus alveo

receptis demonstrat horreum, ubi vespera sagaciter argen-

Quo protinus perfracto tum copiosum recondi viderat. confertae manus violentia, iubeo singulos conimilitonum asportare quantum quisque poterat auri vel argenti, et in illis aedibus fidelissimorum mortuorum occultare propere 10

rursumque concito gradu recurrentis sarcinas iterare quod enim ex usu foret omnium, me solum resistentem pro domus ;

limine cuncta rerum exploraturum

Nam

dum

redirent.

et facies ursae mediis aedibus discurrentis ad proter-

rendos, 15

sollicite,

portuna.

qui de familia forte evigilassent, videbatur op-

Quis enim, quamvis

f ortis et intrepidus,

immani

forma tantae bestiae noctu praesertim visitata non se ad fugam statim concitaret, non obdito cellae pessulo pavens et trepidus sese cohiberet ?

His omnibus salubri consilio recte dispositis occurrit 20scaevus

eventus.

Namque dum

reduces

socios

suspensus opperior, quidam servulum strepitu divinitus inquietus

nostros

scilicet vel

proserpit leniter visaque bestia, quae

premens obnixum utcumque cunctis in

libere discurrens totis aedibus comuieabat,

silentium vestigium

suum

replicat et

25domo visa pronuntiat. Nee mora, cum numerosae familiae frequentia domus completur.

Taedis, lucernis,

cereis,

nocturni luminis instrumentis

inermis quisquam de

tanta

30 fustibus, lanceis, destrietis

aditus.

Nee

sebaciis

clarescunt tenebrae.

copia processit,

sed

tota

ceteris

Nee singuli

denique gladiis armati muniunt

secus canes etiam venatic^os aiivitos illos et

horricomes ad comprimendam bestiam culiortantur.

Tunc

THE ROBBER'S TALE ego sensim gliscente adhuc

domo

illo

tumultu retrogradi fuga

facesso, sed plane Thrasyleonein mire canibus repug-

nantem, latens pone ianuam

enim vitae metas ultimas vel

pristinae

virtutis

obiret,

oblitus

Quamquam

ipse, prospicio.

non tamen

sui nostrique

iam faucibus

ipsis

hiantis 5

Cerberi reluctabat.

Scaenam denique, quam sponte sumpserat, cum anima nunc fugiens, nunc resistens variis corporis sui schemis ac motibus tandem domo prolapsus est. Nee

retinens

tamen, quamvis publica

potitus

libertate,

portu satis feri satisque copiosi venaticis

dum domo

salutem fuga

Quippe cuncti canes de proximo angi-

quaerere potuit.

illis,

qui

commo-

similiter insequentes processerant, se obmiscent

Miserum funestumque spectamen aspexi, Thracanum saevientium cinctum 15 multisque obsessum numero morsibus laniatum. atque

agminatim.

syleonem nostrum catervis

Denique turbelis

tanti

doloris

impatiens populi

circumfluentis

immisceor et in quo solo poteram celatum auxi-

lium bono ferre commilitoni, hortabar

magnam

et vere pretiosam

Nee tamen iuveni

;

validus

sic indaginis principes degrande," inquam, " et extremum flagitium, 20

perdimus bestiam."

nostri sermonis artes infelicissimo profuerunt

quippe quidam procurrens e incunctanter lanceam

mediis

cordiis nee secus alius et ecce plurimi,

domo

procerus et

iniecit

ursae prae-

iam timore discusso,

certatim gladios etiam de proximo congerunt.

Enimvero Thrasyleon egregium decus nostrae factionis tandem immortalitate digno illo spiritu expugnato magis

quam

patientia neque clamore ac ne ululatu

quidem fidem

sacramenti prodidit, sed iam morsibus laceratus ferroqueSO laniatus obnixo

mugitu

et ferino fremitu

generoso vigore tolerans gloriam

praesentem casum

sibi reservavit,

vitam fato

LUCIUS APULEIUS

Tanto tamen torrore tantaque formidine coetum

redidit.

ilium turbaverat, ut usque diluculum,

diem nemo

quisquam

fuerit

ausus,

immo

et in

quamvis

multum

iacentem,

bestiam vel digito contingere, nisi tandem pigre ac timide 5

quidam

lanius paulo fidentior, utero bestiae resecto, ursae

magnificum despoliavit latronem. Sic

etiam Thrasyleon nobis perivit, sed a gloria non

perivit.

Confestim itaque constrictis sarcinis

illis,

quas

nobis servaverant fideles mortui, Plataeae terniinos concito 10

gradu deserentes, istud apud nostros animos identidem

re-

putabamus, merito nullam fidem in vita nostra repperiri,

quod ad manis iam migrarit. fatigati, 15

mortuos odio perlidiae nostrae de-

Sic onere vecturae simul et asperitate viae toti tribus

comitum

praedas adveximus.

desideratis,

istas

quas videtis

THE TKAGEDY OF TLEPOLEMUS AND OHAEITE Equisones opilionesque, etiam busequae, fuit Cliarite nobis,

quae misella

Manis

adivit.

quidem casu gravissimo nee vero incomitata Sed ut cuncta

noritis,

referam vobis a capite,

quae gesta sunt quaeque possent merito doctiores, quibus stilos

fortuna subministrat, iu historiae specimen chartis

iuvolvere.

Erat in proxima civitate iuvenis natalibus praenobilis,

quo clarus eo pecuniae

fuit

popinalis

diurnis

scortisque

satis locuples, sed

luxuriae

potationibus exercitatus

atque ob id factionibus latronum male sociatus nee non

etiam manus infectus humano cruore, Thrasyllus nomine.

Idque

sic erat et

fama

dicebat.

cum primum Charite nubendo maturuisset, inter praecipuos procos summo studio petitionis eius munus obierat et quanquam ceteris omnibus id genus viris anti-15 Hie,

staret eximiisque

muneribus parentum invitaret indicium,

morum tamen inprobatus repulsae contumelia fuerat aspersus. Ac dum erilis puella in boni Tlepolemi manum venerat, tirmiter deorsus delapsum nutriens amorem et denegati thalami permiscens indignationem, cruento facinori 20

quaerebat accessum.

Nanctus

denique

praesentiae

suae tempestivam occa-

sionem, sceleri quod diu eogitarat accingitur.

praedonum

infestis

die

quo

mucronibus puella fuerat astu virtutibus29

LUCIUS APULEIUS

30 que sponsi sui signiter

suboli

gratulantium exultans

liberata, turbae

permiscuit

salutique

sese

praeseuti ac

novorum maritorum gaudibundus ad honorem

didae prosapiae inter praecipuos bospites 5

domum

in-

futurae splen-

nostram

receptus, oecultato consilio sceleris, amici fidelissimi

per-

sonam mentiebatur. lamque sermonibus assiduis et conversatione frequenti, nonnunquam etiam cena poculoque communi carior eariorque factus in profundam ruinam Cupidinis sese paulatim nescius Quidni, cum flamma saevi amoris parva 10 praecipitaverat. quidem primo vapore delectet, sed fomentis consuetudinis exaestuans inmodicis ardoribus totos amburat homines. Diu denique deliberaverat secum Thrasyllus, quod nee clandestinis colloquiis opportunum repperiret locum et 15

adulterinae Veneris magis magisque praeclusos aditus copia

custodientium cerneret novaeque atque gliscentis affectionis

firmissimum vinculum non posse dissociari perspiceret puellae,

vellet,

quanquam

non posset, furatrinae

rudimentum

coniugalis incommodaret 20

velle

;

tamen ad hoc

ipsum, quod non potest, contentiosa pernieie, quasi posset, impellitur.

Quod nunc arduum

factu putatur, amore per

dies roborato facile videtur eii'ectu. oro, sollicitis

Spectate denique, sed,

animis intendite, quorsum furiosae libidinis

proruperint impetus. 25

Die quadam venatum Tlepolemus assumpto Thrasyllo petebat iudagaturus feras, est

;

quid tamen in capreis

feritatis

nee enim Charite maritum suum quaerere patiebatur

bestias armatas dente vel coriiu.

lamque 30

tegminihus

ajjud

f'rondosum

umhrosuin

tumulum ramorumque

prosjjectu

vestigatorum

capreis canes veiiationis iudagini geiierosae,

resideutes iuvadereut

bestias,

densis

oV)septi3

mandato

cubili

immittuntur statimque

sol-

TLEPOLEMUS lertis disciplinae

tacitaque

memores

CHAKITE

AiNl)

partitae totos praecingunt aditus

prius servata mussitatione, signo sibi repentino

reddito, latratibus fervidis dissonisque miscent omnia.

Nee

ulla caprea

nee pavens dammula nee prae ceteris aper inimanis atque invisitatus ex-

feris mitior eerva, sed

surgit toris callosae eutis obesus, pilis inhorrentibus corio

squalidus, attritu

setis

insurgentibus

spinae

hispidus,

deutibus

spumeus, oculis aspectu minaei flammeus,

sonaci

impetu saevo frementis

quidem canum

oris totus fulmineus.

procaeiores,

Et prinium

comminus eontulerant 10

quae

vestigium, genis hac illae iactatis consectas interlicit, dein

qua primos impetus reduxerat,

calcata retiola,

Et nos quidem cuncti pavore

transabiit.

deterriti et alioquin innoxiis

venationibus consueti, tunc etiam inermes atque inmuniti

tegumentis

frondis

vel

arboribus

latenter abscondimus. 15

Thrasyllus vero nactus fraudium opportunum deeipulum

Tlepolemum

eaiDtiose

eompellat

sic

Quid stupore confusi vel

etiam cassa formidine similes humilitati servorum istorum vel in

modum

mediis

pavoris feminei deieeti tarn

manibus amittimus

Quin ocius indipiscimur

opimam praedam

Quin equos inseendimus

cape venabulum et ego sumo

? 20

lanceam " nee tantillum morati protinus insiliunt equos ex

summo

Nee tamen ilia genuini impetum et incendio feritatis ardescens dente compulso, quern primum insiliat, euncta-25 bunda rimatur. vigoris

studio bestiam insequentes. oblita

retorquet

Sed prior Tlepolemus iaculum, quod gerebat, insuper dor-

sum bestiae

contorsit.

At Thrasyllus

ferae

quidem

pepereit,

sed equi, quo vehebatur Tlepolemus, postremos poplites lancea feriens amputat. effluxerat,

toto

tergo

devolvit ad terram.

Quadrupes reccidens, qua sanguis supinatus

invitus

dominum suum

LUCIUS APULEIUS

Nec

eum furens aper invadit iacentem ac primo mox ijDSum resurgentem multo dente laniavit. nefarii bonum piguit amicum vel suae saevitiae

diu, sed

lacinias eius,

Nee

coepti

litatum saltern tanto periculo cernens potuit expleri, sed 5

suumque

percito atque plagosa crura contegenti

auxiliuin

miseriter roganti per femus dexterum dimisit lanceam tanto ille

quidem

fidentius,

quanto crederet

futura prosectu dentium.

bestiam

facili

manu

exciti latibulo suo

familia maesta concurrinius.

quamquam

ille

frontem adseverat et dolorem simulat

quod ipse 15

tium

fecerat, avide circumplexus

officia sollerter adfinxit,

quisque perfecto

tamen gaudium

voto, prostrate inimico laetus ageret, vultu tegit et

vulnera similia

transadigit.

Ad hunc modum deliuito iuvene,

ferri

Nee non tamen ipsam quoque

et cadaver,

omnia quidem lugen-

sed solae lacrimae procedere

Sic ad nostri simultudinem, qui vere lamenta-

noluerunt.

bamur, conformatus manus suae culpam bestiae dabat.

Necdum

satis scelere transacto,

primes ad 20

domum

fama

dilabitur et cursus

Tlepolemi detorquet et aures

infelicis

Quae quidem simul percepit tale nuntium, aliud, amens et vecordia percita cursuque non audiet quale

nuptae percutit.

bacchata furibundo per plateas populosas et arva rurestria fertur insana voce

casum mariti

quiritans.

Confluunt civium

maestae catervae, secuiitur obvii dolore sociato, civitas cuncta 25 va(niatur studio visionis.

Et ecce mariti cadaver accurrit

labauti(jue spiritu totam

se super corpus effudit ac paenissime ibidem, ei

reddidit

animam.

Sed

aegi-e

quam devoverat

manibus erepta suorum

invita remansit in vita, runus vero toto feralem 30

prosequente populo deducituv

;i(l

Sed Thrasyllus nimium uiniius in

pompam

scpulturani. cl.'iinare,

plangere

primo maerore lacrimas nou hahebat, iam

et, (pias

scilicet ores-

TLEl'OLEMUS AND CHAHrriC

cente gaudio reddere et multis caritatis nomiinbiis Verita-

tem

ipsaiii fallere.

Ilium amicuiu, coaetaneum, contuber-

nalem, fratrem denique addito nomine lugul)ri

ciere,

nee non

interdum mauus Cliarites a pulsandis uLeribus amovere,

luc-

tum sedare, heiulatum eoercere, verbis palpantibus stimu-

lum doloris obtundere, variis exemplis multivagi casus solacia nectere, cunctis tamen mentitae pietatis officiis studium contrectandae mulieris adhibere odiosumque amorem suum perperam delectando Sed

officiis

nutrire.

inferialilms statim exactis jjuella protinus fes-io

maritum suum demeare cunctascpie prorsus temptat vias, certe illam lenem otiosamque nee telis

tinat ad

indigentem, sed placidae quieti consimilem

;

perullis

inedia denique

misera et incuria squalida, tenebris imis abscondita, iani

cum

luce transegerat.

Sed Thrasyllus instantia pervicaci partim per semet ipsum, partim per ceteros familiares ac necessaries, ipsos denique puellae

parentes

paene conlapsa

extorquet tandem, iam lurore et inluvie

membra

lavacro, cibo denique confoveret.

At ilia, parentum suorum alioquin reverens, invita quidem, 20 verum religiosae necessitati su])cumbens, vultu non quidem hilaro, verum paulo sereniore obiens, ut iubebatur, viventium munia, prorsus in pectore, immo vero penitus in medullis luctu ac maerore carpebat

noctes

animum

;

et dies totos totasque

insuniel)at luctuoso desiderio et imagines defuncti, 25

quas ad habitum dei Liberi f ormaverat, adfixo servitio divinis percolens honoribus ipso se solacio cruciabat. syllus, praeceps alioquin et

quam dolorem

Verum

Thra-

de ipso nomine temerarius, prius-

lacrimae satiarent et percitae mentis resideret

furor et in sese nimietatis senio lassesceret luctus, adhuc 30

flentem maritum, adhuc vestes lacerantem, adhuc capillos

distrahentem non dubitavit de nuptiis convenire et impu-

LUCIUS APULEIUS

dentiae labe tacita pectoris sui secreta fraudesque ineffabiles

Sed Charite vocem nefandam et horruit

detegere.

et de-

testata est et velut gravi tonitru procellaque sideris vel etiam

fulinine percussa corruit corpus et obnubilavit

ipso diali 5

animam. Sed

revalescente

intervallo

paulatim

ferinos

spiritu,

mugitus iterans et iam scaenam pessimi Thrasylli perspiciens,

ad limam

consili

moras umbra 10 et

pallore

ilia

desiderium petitoris

deformem

interpellat uxoris dici

non

attolleus

inter

faciem quietem

pudicam

coniux, quod tibi prorsus ab alio

licebit, etsi pectori

vel acerbae mortis

tuo iam permarcet nostri memoria

meae casus

quovis alio felicius maritare, 15

Tunc

distulit.

misere trucidati Tlepolemi sanie cruentam

f oedus caritatis intercedit,

modo ne

in Thrasylli

sacrilegam convenias neve sermonem conferas nee

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

manum mensam

Fuge mei percussoris cruentam dexteram. Noli parricidio nuptias auspicari. Vulnera ilia, quorum sanguinem tuae lacrimae proluerunt, non sunt

accumbas nee toro adquiescas.

tota

dentium vulnera

20alienum"

;

me tibi fecit omnemque scaenam sceleris in-

lancea mali Thrasylli

et addidit cetera

luminavit.

ilia,

primum maesta quieverat

toro faciem impressa,

etiamnunc dormiens, lacrimis emanantibus genas cohumidat et 25

velut

quoddam tormentum inopinatum

patiens

luctu

redintegrato prolixum heiulat discissaque interula decora

brachia saevientibus palmulis converberat.

quoquam

participatis

nocturuis

Nee tamen cum

imaginibus,

sed

indicio

facinoris prorsus dissimulato et nequissimum percussorem

punire et aerumnabili vitae sese subtrahere tacita decernit. 30

E(;ce rursus

aureS

improvidae

obseratas

voluj)tatis

nuptiis

detestabilis

obtundens aderat.

petitor

Sed

ilia

clementer aspernata sermonem Thrasylli astuque miro per-

TLEPOLEMUS AND CHAKITE

sonata instanter garrienti summisseque deprecanti " Adhuc," inquit, " tui fratris

corporis per nares

lemus in meo si

meique carissimi mariti

facies pulchra

meis deversatur oculis, adhuc odor cinnameus ainbrosei

ilia in

meas percurrit, adhuc formonsus TlepoBoni ergo

vivit pectore.

et optimi eonsules, 5

luctui legitimo miserrimae feminae necessarium concesse-

mensibus

tempus, quoad residuis

ris

tuum

salutare

nuptiarum

spatium

cum meum pudorem,

compleatur anni, quae res

commoduni

indignatione

reliquum turn etiam

ne forte inmaturitate

respicit,

manes acerbos mariti ad

iusta

exitium salutis tuae suscitemus."

Nee

isto

sermone Thrasyllus sobriefactus vel

saltern

tempestiva pollieitatione recreatus identidem pergit lingua aestuanti susurros

improbos inurguere, quoad simulanter

revicta Charite suscipit

" Istud

equidem

certe

magnopere

deprecanti concedas necesse est mihi, Thrasylle, ut interdum taciti clandestinos coitus

obeamus nee quisquam persentiscat

familiarium quoad dies reliquos metiatur annus."

Promissioni

fallaciosae

mulieris

oppressus

subcubuit

Thrasyllus et prolixe consentit noctemque et opertas exoptat ultro "

uno

tenebras

Sed heus

potiundi

tu," inquit Charite, "

studio

quam probe

omnique comite viduatus prima accedas

unoque

sibilo

postponens

veste contectus

vigilia tacitus fores

contentus

omnia.

nutricem

istam

meas

meam

opperiare, quae claustris adhaerens excubabit adventui tuo. 25

Nee

setius patefactis

conscio ad

Placuit

meum

aedibus acceptum te nullo lumine

perducet cubiculum."

Thrasyllo

scaena

feralium

nuptiarum.

Nee

sequius aliquid suspicatus, sed expectatione turbidus de diei

tantum spatio

tandem tricis

et vesperae

mora querebatur.

Sed ubi

sol 30

nocti decessit, ex imperio Charites adornatus et nu-

captiosa vigilia deceptus inrepit cubiculum pronus spei.

LUCIUS APULEIUS

Tunc anus de iussu clominae blandiens ei furtim depromptis calicibus et oenophoro, quod inmixtum vino soporiferum gerebat venenum, crebris potionibus avide ac secure dominae tarditatem, quasi parentem

liaurienteni mentita 5.

adsideret aegrotum, facile sepelivit ad

sonmum.

lamque eo

ad omnes iniurias exposito ac supinato, introvocata Charite masculis animis impetuque diro fremens invadit ac supersicarium.

sistit

"En,", inquit, 10

coniugis

"lidus

meum

sanguinem

ambages male

fudit,

meum

placui, qui

hoc

Non

ego te gladio, non

pectus,

en venator

quae quod fraudulentas isti,

quibus

futuras tenebras auspicantes

Quiesce securus, beate som-

petam

f erro

cum marito meo

genere

mortis

comes,

est ilia dextera,

concinnavit exitium, oculi

quodam modo

venientes poenas antecedunt. 15 niare,

mei

Haec

egregius, en earns maritus.

;

absit, ut simili

coaequeris.

Vivo

morientur oculi nee quicquam videbis nisi dormiens.

tibi

Faxo,

necem inimici tui quam vitam tuam sentias. non videbis, manu comitis indigebis, Chariten 20 non tenebis, nuptias non frueris, nee mortis quiete recreaberis feliciorem

Lumen

certe

nee vitae voluptate laetaberis, sed incertum simulacrum errabis inter

Orcum

solem et diu quaeres dexteram, quae

tuas ex})Ugnavit pupulas, quodque est in

mum,

nescies

quo queraris.

aerumna miserriAt ego sepulchro mei

25Tlepolemi tuo luminum cruore libabo et Sanctis manibus eius istis oculis })arental)o.

Hcd

(piid

cruciatum lucraris et nieos forsitan

amplexus ? cognosce, ])udi(;a(!

tuos

tibi pestiferos

Relictis somnolentis tenebris

Attolle

evigila caliginem. 30

mora temporis dignum

inroitiiiiiuin

mulicri

tui

illuiiiiuariint

imaginaris

ad aliam poenalem

vacuam faciem, vindictam

intellege,

aerumnas conqjuta.

re-

Sic

|Âťhu!uerunt oculi, sic faces nuptiales

tlialamos.

Ultrices

habebis

pronubas

TLEPOLEMUS AND CHAKITE orbitatem

comitem

perpetuae

conscientiae

stim-

ulum."

Ad hunc modum

vaticinata

acu crinali capite

niulier

depromta Thrasylli convulnerat tota lumina eumque prorsus exoculatum relinqueus, dum dolore nescio crapulam cum

somno

solebat incingere, per

mediam civitatem cursu

furioso pro-

dubio nescio quod scelus gestieus recta

ripit se et procul

monumentum

arrepto nudo gladio, quo se Tlepolemus

discutit,

At nos

mariti contendit.

omnis populus,

nudatis totis aedibus, studiose coiisequimur hortati

mutuo

ferrum vesanis extorquere manibus.

Sed Charite capulum Tlepolenii propter assistens gladioque fulgenti singulos abigens, ubi fietus uberes et lamentationes

varias cunctorum intuetur, " Abicite," inquit, " importunas

lacrimas, abicite luctum meis virtutibus alienum. cavi

niei

funestum mearum nuptiarum praedonem. ut isto gladio deorsus ad

Et enarratis ordine tiaverat maritus

sibi

pervolutata

sermone

efflavit

lam tempus

meum Tlepolemum viam

singulis,

quae

sibi

dexteram transadacto cbrruit postremo

sanguine

animam

virilem.

est

quaeram."

per somnium nun-

quoque astu Thrasyllum inductum

ferro sub papillam

Vindi-15

cruentum peremptorem, punita sum

mariti

petisset, 20

et in suo

balbuttiens

Tunc propere

incerto

familiares

miserae Charites accuratissime corpus ablutum unita sepultura ibidem marito perpetuam coniungem reddidere.

Thrasyllus

vero

cognitis

omnibus,

nequiens idoneum

exitura praesenti cladi reddere certusque tanto facinori nee

gladium

sufficere,

sponte delatus ibidem ad sepulchrum",

" Ultronea vobis, infesti Manes, en adest victima " saepe

clamitans,

valvis

super

sese

statuit elidere sua sententia

diligenter

damnatum

obseratis

spiritum.

inediaso

EATEN ALIVE Servus quidam, cui cunctam familiae tutelam dominus permiserat suus quique possessionem maximain illam, in

quam deverteramus, 5

villicabat,

habens ex eodem famulitio

conservam coniugam, liberae cuiusdam extrariaeque mulieris flagrabat cupidine. Quo dolore paelicatus uxor eius instricta cunctas mariti rationes et quicquid horreo reconditum continebatur adnioto combussit igne.

Nee

tali

damno

tori sui

contumeliam vindicasse contenta,

iam contra sua saeviens viscera laqueum sibi nectit infantulolumque, quern de eodem marito iam dudum susceperat,

eodem funiculo nectit seque per altissimum puteum adpendicem parvulum trahens praecipitat. Quam mortem dominus eorum aegerrime sustinens adreptum servulum, qui causam tanti sceleris uxori suae praestiterat, nudum ac 15totum melle perlitum iirmiter alligavit arbori ficulneae, cuius in ipso carioso stipite inhabitantium formicarum iiidititda

borriebant et ultro citro commeabant

multiiuga

scaturrigine.

Quae simul dulcem ac mellitum corporis nidorem

per-

20 sentiscunt, parvis quidem, sed numerosis et continuis morsi-

unculis penitus inhaerentes, ita,

i)er

longi teniporis cruciatum

carnibus atque ipsis visceribus adesis, homine consumpto

membra nudarunt,

ut ossa tantum viduata pulpis nitore

nimio candentia funestae cohaererent arbori. .88

VII

THE LOST SLIPPERS cum necessariam profectionem pararet summa diligentia servulum suum Myrmecem fidelitate praecipua

Barbarus

iste

pudicitiamque carae coniugis conservare cuperet,

cognitum secreto commonet suaeque dominae custodelam

omnem

permittit, carcerem

defamem

perpetua vincula, mortem

denique

violentam

hominum

vel in transitu digito tenus

comminatus,

eam

quisquam

contigisset, idque

deierans etiam coniirmat per omnia divina numina.

Ergo

rimum

igitur

summo

pavore perculsum

Myrmecem

acer-

relinquens uxori secutorem, securam dirigit profec-

Tunc obstinato animo vehementer anxius Myrmex nee usquam dominam suam progredi sinebat et lanificio tionem.

domestico destrictam inseparabilis

adsidebat

tantum

necessario vespertini lavacri progressu adiixus atque couglutinatus extremas

manu prendens

lacinias,

mira sagacitate

commissae provinciae fidem tuebatur. Sed ardentem Philesitheri vigilantiam matronae nobilis pulchritudo latere non potuit.

famosa castitate

Atque hac ipsa potissimum

et insignis tutelae nimietate instinctus at-

que inflammatus, quidvis facere, quidvis pati paratus, ad

expugnandam tenacem domus disciplinam totis accingitur viribus certusque fragilitatis humanae fidei et quod pecuniae cunctae sint difficultates perviae auroque soleant adamantinae

etiam perfringi fores, opportune uanctus Myrmecis

solitatem, ei

amorem suum

aperit et supplex 39

eum medellam

;

LUCIUS APULEIUS

deprecatur

cruciatui

mortem proximare, tamen quicquam in

;

nam

decretamque

statutam

sibi

ni maturius cupito potiatur re facili formidare deLere,

;

eum

nee

quippe cum

vespera solus iide tenebrarum coutectus atque absconditus 5

momentum

introrepere et intra

His

et huiusce

temporis remeare posset.

modi suadelis validum addebat cuneum, qui

rigentem prorsus servi tenacitatem violenter diffinderet

manu

porrecta enim

sua demonstrat

dentes solidos aureos, 10 asset, ipsi

auri

potuit, sed

facinus

occlusis

quam

novitate nimia can-

quidem puellae Exhorruit

destin-

Myrmex

auribus effugit protinus.

tamen splendor fiammeus procul semotus et

pervectus, videbat 15

viginti

vero decem libenter offerret.

inauditum

Nee

quorum

tamen decora

oculos

ijjsius

exire

domum

celeri

gradu

ilia

monetae lumina

opulentam praedam iam tenebat animo miroque mentis et

salo

cogitationum dissensione misellus in diversas sententias

carpebatur ac distrahebatur ciatus,

hie

voluptas.

;

illic fides,

hie lucrum,

illic eru-

Ad postremum tamen formidinem

mortis vicit aurum. 20

iSTec

saltem spatio cupido formonsae pecuniae leniebatur,

sed nocturnas etiam curas invaserat pestilens avarita, ut,

quamvis

erilis

eum comminatio domi

foras evocaret. tione, 25

sic

cohiberet,

aurum tamen

Tunc, devorato pudore et dimota cuncta-

ad aures dominae mandatum perfert.

genuina levitate descivit

niulier,

pudicitiam suam ])rotinus auctorata

sed

Nee a

execrando metallo

est.

Ita gaudio perfusus ad suae iidei praecipitium properat

Myrmex, non modo

capere,

verum saltem

exitio suo viderat, ])e('uniam cui)iens, et .30

bus

contingere,

magnis

perfectum desid(!riuni Philesithero

quam

suis labori-

laetitia

percitus

nuntiat statimque destinatum praemium reposcit, et tenet

nummos

aureos manus Myrmecis, quae nee aereos norat.

THE LOST SLIPPERS

lamque nocte promota solum perducit ad domum

pro-

beque capite contectum amatorem strenuum infert adusque

dominae cubiculum. Contra omnium opinionem captata noctis opportunitate improvisus

maritus

suae

adsistit

pulsat,

iam clamat, iam saxo

magis

magisque

domus ianuam.

lam

fores verberat et ipsa tarditate

suspectus

dira

comminatur

Myrmeci

supplicia.

ille

repentino malo perturbatus et misera trepidatione

ad inopiam tenebras

eonsilii deductus,

sibi

causabatur

absconditam repperiret.

quod solum poterat, nocturnas

clavem curiose

obsistere,

quin

Interdum

Pliilesitherus cognito

strepitu raptim tunicas iniectus, sed plane prae turbatione

pedibus intectis procurrit cubiculo.

Tunc Myrmex tandem

clave pessulis subiecta repandit fores et recipit etiam tunc 15

deum boantem dominum eoque propere cubiculum Quo iam pro limine liberato securus sui clausa domo rursum se

fidem

petente clandestino transcursu dimittit Pbilesitherum.

reddidit quieti.

Sed

dum prima luce

lectulo

soleas

Barbarus procedit cubiculo, videt sub 20

incognitas,

quibus

inductus Philesitherus

inrepserat suspectisque e re nata quae gesta sunt, non uxori,

non

ulli

familiarium cordolio patefacto, sublatis

iis

et in

sinum furtim absconditis, iusso tantum Myrmece per conservos vincto forum versus adtrahi, tacitos secum mugitus 25 iterans

rapidum

dirigit

gressum, certus solearum indicio

vestigium adulteri posse se perfacile indipisei.

Sed ecce per plateam

dum

Barbarus vultu turgido sub-

ductisque superciliis incedit iratus ac pone vinculis obrutus, scientia

eum Myrmex

non quidem coram noxae prehensus, con- 30

tamen pessima permixtus lacrimis uberibus ac commovet misera-

postremis lamentationibus inefticacem

LUCIUS APULEIUS

42 tionem, diverso

opportune

Philesitherus

quodam negotio

permotiis,

non enim

occurrens,

destiuatus, repentina

quanquam tamen

facie

deterritus, recolens festinationis suae

delictum ac cetera consequenter suspicatus sagaciter ex5

temple sumpta familiari constantia, dimotis servulis invadit

cum summo clamore Myrmecem pugnisque malas eius clementer obtundens, " At te," inquit, " nequissimum et periurum caput, dominus

iste tuus et

cuncta caeli numina,

quae deierando temere devorasti, pessimum pessime per10

duint, qui de balneis soleas hesterna die mihi furatus es,

dignus, qui et ista vincula conteras et insuper carceris etiam

tenebras perferas."

Hac opportuna

fallacia vigorati invenis inductus,

immo

sublatus et ad credulitatem delapsus Barbarus, postliminio 15

domum

regressus, vocato

ignovit ex suasit.

animo

et uti

Myrmece, soleas domiuo redderet,

illas offerens et

cui

surripuerat,

VIII

THE FULLEE'S WIFE Contubernalis mei fullonis uxor, alioquin servati pudoris ut videbatur, femina, quae semper secuiido rumore gloriosa

larem mariti pudice gubernabat, occulta libidine prorumpit in

adulterum quempiam.

Ergo nostra repents turbata praesentia, subitario ducta

eundem ilium subiectum

consilio,

contegit viminea cavea,

quae fustium flexu tereti in rectum aggerata cumulum lacinias circumdatas suffusa candido bat,

eoque iam ut

fumo

sulpuris inalba-

sibi videbatur, tutissime celato

mensam

Interdum acerrimo gravique

nobiscum secura participat.

odore sulpuris iuvenis inescatus atque obnubilatus intercluso spiritu diffluebat, utque est ingenium vivacis metalli,

crebras ei sternutationes commovebat. e

regions mulieris

sonum

sternutationis

pone tergum eius

â&#x20AC;&#x201D; quod

-^solito sermone salutem

rursum

et frequentato

Atque ut primum maritus

accspsrat'

enim putaret ab ea prof ectum

fuerat imprecatus et iterato

saepius, donee rei nimietate com-

tandem suspicatur. Et impulsa mensa protenus remotaque cavsa producit

motus quod

hominsm

rss erat

crebros anhelitus aegre rsflantem inflammatusque 20

indignations contumeliae, gladium flagitans, iugulare mori-

turum gestiebat, ni respecto communi periculo vix eum ab impetu furioso cohibuissem adsevsrans brsvi absque noxa nostri suapte inimicum eius violentia sulpuris psriturum. 43

LUCIUS APULEIUS

Nec suadela mea,

sed ipsius rei necessitate lenitus, quippe

iam semivivum, ilium in proximum deportat angiportum. Turn uxorem eius tacite suasi ac denique persuasi secederet paululum atque ultra limen tabernae ad quampiam tantisper 5 deverteret

familiarem

sibi

mulierem, quoad spatio fervens

mariti sedaretur animus, qui tanto calore tantaque rabie

perculsus non

erat

dubius

aliquid

coniuge tristius profecto cogitare.

etiam de se suaque

Talium contubernalis

epularum taedio fugatus larem reveni meum.

THE THREE BEOTHERS Namque

adultis

iam tribus

liberis doctrina instructis

et verecundia praeditis vivebat gloriosus.

His adulescenti-

cum quodam paupere modicae casulae domino familiaritas. At enim casulae parvulae conterminos

bus erat vetus

magnos

et beatos agros possidebat vicinus potens et dives 5

et iuvenis, sed prosapiae

maiorum

que factionibus et cuncta hostili

modo

gloria

male utens pollens-

faciens

facile

vicini tenuis incursabat

in civitate

pauperiem pecua

;

hie

truci-

dando, boves abigendo, fruges adhuc immaturas obterendo.

lamque

tota frugalitate spoliatum ipsis etiam glebulis ex- lo

terminare gestiebat finiumque inani commota quaestione

terram totam

sibi

cliro

Tunc

vindicabat.

alioquin, avaritia divitis

iam

agrestis,

verecundus

spoliatus, ut suo saltem sepul-

paternum retineret solum, amicos plurimos ad demon-

strationem finium trepidans eximie corrogarat, inter alios tres

illi

fratres cladibus amici

Aderant

quantulum quan-

tulum ferentes auxilium.

Nee tamen

ille

vesanus tantillum praesentia multorum

civium territus vel etiam confusus, verbis temperare voluit, sed

illis

licet

non

rapinis, saltem

clementer expostulantibus

fervidosque eius mores blanditiis permulcentibus repente

suam

suorumque

carorum

salutem

quam

sanctissime

adiurans adseverat parvi se pendere tot mediatorum praesentiam, denique vicinum ilium auriculis per suos servulos

sublatum de casula longissime statimque proiectum

Quo

iri.

dicto insignis indignatio totos audientium pertemptavit

animos. 45

LUCIUS APULEIUS

Tunc unus

fratribus

tribus

liberius respondit frustra

nica superbia comminari,

paulo

eum suis opibus confisum tyrancum alioquin pauperes etiam lib-

legum praesidio de insolentia locupletum consueverint Quod oleum flammae, quod sulpur incendio,

eral! 5

incunctanter

vindicari.

quod flagellum Furiae, hoc

et iste

sermo truculentiae homi-

nis nutrimento fuit.

lamque ad extremam insaniam vecors, suspendium sese et totis illis et ipsis legibus mandare proclamans, canes pasferos atque

10 toricios villaticos

immanes, adsuetos abiecta per

esitare cadavera, praeterea etiam transeuntium via-

agros

torum passivis morsibus alumnatos, laxari atque in eorum exitium inhortatos immitti praecepit. Qui simul signo solito

pastorum incensi atque inflammati sunt, furiosa rabie

isconciti et latratibus etiam absonis horribiles eunt in ho-

mines

adgressi

eosque variis

vulneribus

distrahunt

lacerant nee fugientibus saltern compercunt, sed eo magis inritatiores secuntur.

Tunc 20

inter confertam trepidae multitudinis

stragem e

tribus iunior oifenso lapide atque obtunsis digitis terrae

prosternitur saevisque

illis

et ferocissimis canibus instruit

protenus enim nancti praedam iacentem miserum ilium adolescentem frustatim discerpunt. Atque

nefariam dapem

;

ut eius letalem ululatum cognovere ceteri fratres, accurrunt 25 raaesti

dum

suppetias obvolutiscpie lacinia laevis manibus lapi-

crebris iactibus

propuguare

fratri

atque abigere canes

adgrediuntur.

Nee tamen eorum ferociam vel conterrere vel expugnare cum miserrimus adulescens ultima voce prolata, vindicarent de pollutissimo divite mortem fratris Tunc reliqui fratres non iunioris, ilico laniatus interisset.

potuere, quippe 30

tam hercules desperata quam

ultro ueglecta sua salute con-

three brothers

thp:

tendunt ad divitem atque ardentibus animis impetuque

vesano lapidibus crebris in euin velitantur.

cruen-

ille

tus et multis ante flagitiis similibus exercitatus percussor

duorum alteram per pectus medium

iniecta lancea

transa-

Nee tamen peremptus ac prorsum exanimatus

degit.

adulescens

atque ex

ille

terrae

maxima

concidit

;

nam

telura

parte pone tergum elapsum soloque nisus

Sed

violentia defixum rigore librato suspenderat corpus. et

quidam de

servulis procerus et validus sicario

auxilium lapide contorto

brachium longo iactu

mes

transvectum

tertii

ferens

dexterum

iuvenis

illius

petierat, sed

illi

impetu casso per extre-

digitos transcurrens lapis contra

omnium opinionem

deciderat innoxius.

Non nullam tamen nior

vindictae

manus suae " Fruere

sagacissimo iuveni proventus huma-

speculam subministravit.

debilitate sic crudelissimum

exitio totius nostrae

Ficta

vate

suis

possessionibus

proterminaveris,

Nam

triumpba,

paupere

habiturum

familiae et sanguine trium

fratrum insatiabilem tuam crudelitatem pasce tratis tuis civibus gloriose

namque

iuvenem compellat

dum

fines

de pros-

scias, licet pri-

usque et usque

tamen vicinum aliquem.

haec etiam dextera, quae tuum prorsus amputasset

caput, iniquitate fati contusa decidit."

Quo sermone gladio sua avidus.

alioquin exasperatus, furiosus latro rapto

miserrimum iuvenem manu perempturus invadit 25

Nee tamen

sui

molliorem provocarat

;

quippe

in-

sperato et longe contra eius opinionem resistens iuvenis

complexu fortissimo

arripit eius

dexteram magnoque nisu

ferro librato multis et crebris ictibus

animam liberaret,

et,

ut accurrentium

inpuram

elidit divitis

etiam familiarium

manu

se 30

confestim adhuc inimici sanguine delibuto mu-

crone gulam sibi prorsus exsecuit.

X THE ENAMOEED STEPMOTHER Dominus aediiim habebat iuvenein

lilium probe litteratum

atque ob id consequenter pietate, modestia praecipuum, talem.

Huius

matre multo ante defuncta rursum matrimonium

sibi re-

quern

tibi

paraverat

quoqiie provenisse cuperes

ductaque

alia

vel

procreaverat alium,

filium

qui

adaeque iam duodecimum amium aetatis supercesserat.

Sed noverca forma magis quam moribus in domo mariti praepollens, seu naturaliter impudica seu fato ad

extremum

impulsa flagitium, oculos ad privignum

Iain ergo,

10 lector

socco ad coturnum ascendere.

primis

adiecit.

optime, scito te tragoediam, non fabulam legere et a

Sed mulier

ilia,

quamdiu

elementis Cupido jjarvulus nutriebatur, inbecillis

facile fervorem tenuem deprimens silentio At ubi completis igne vesano totis praecordiia inmodice baceluitus Amor exaestuabat, saevienti deo iam

adhuc eius virilms resistebat. 15

suecubuit, et languore simulato vulnus animi mentitur in corporis valetudine.

Iam

cetera

salutis

vultusque

detrimenta et aegris

amantibus examussim con venire nemo qui nesciat: pallor 2odeforinis, marcentes

suspiritus ilhmi fleljat.

cruciatus

fiuctuare

oculi,

lassa genua, quies

tarditate vehementior.

tantuiii

va})()ri])us

f('l)viuin,

turbida et

Crederes et nisi

quod

lieu niedicorum ignarae mentes, quid venae piilsus,

quid coloris intemperantia, quid 48

fatigatus

anhelitus

THE ENAMORED STEPMOTHER

utrimqueseciis iactatae crebriter laterum mutuae vicissitu-

quam

Dii boni,

dines ?

licet

facilis

non

artitici

medico,

cum

cuivis tamen docto Veneriae cupidinis comprehensio,

videas aliquem sine corporis calore flagrantem.

Ergo

igitur

nomen

ad se vocari praecipit filium

in eo, si posset,

tristitie

uxori patris

striatam gerens frontem, cubiculum

matrique fratris

Sed

obsequium. et ut in

â&#x20AC;&#x201D; quod

ne ruboris admoneretur, libenter

Nee adulescens aegrae parentis moratus imperium,

eraderet. senili

inpatientia furoris altius agitata diutinum 5

silentmm

rupit

ilia cruciabili silentio

quodam vado

petit,

utcumque debitum sistens

diutissime fatigata

omne verbum,

dubitationis haerens

quod praesenti sermoni putabat aptissimum, rursum improbans nutante etiam nunc pudore, unde potissimum caperet exordium, decunctatur.

iuvenis nihil etiam tunc sequius suspicatus summisso

Tunc damnosam occasionem prorumpit

vultu rogat ultro praesentis causas aegritudinis.

nancta solitudiuis

audaciam

ubertim

faciem voce trepida

sic

adlacrimans

eum

et origo praesentis doloris

laciniaque

breviter adfatur et

ilia

contegens

Causa omnis

etiam medela ipsa et salus

meos oculos ad intima delapsi praecordia meis medullis acerrimum commovent incendium. Ergo miserere tua causa pereuntis nee te religio patris omnino deterreat, cui morituram prorsus 25 servabis uxorem. Illius enim recognoscens imaginem in tua facie merito te diligo. Habes solitudinis plenam unica mihi tute ipse

fiduciam, habes

quod nemo

es.

Isti

enim

tui oculi per

capax necessarii facinoris otium.

novit, paene

non

Nam

tit."

Repentino malo perturbatus adolescens, quanquam facinus

protinus

exhorruisset,

tempestiva severitate putavit

non tamen negationis

tale 30 in-

exasperandum, sed cautae

LUCIUS APULEIUS

Ergo prolixe

promissionis dilatione lenieudum.

bonum

et,

caperet

animum

refectionique

pollicetur

saluti

redderet, impendio suadet, donee patris aliqua profeetione

liberum voluptati concederetur spatium, statiinque se refert 5

noxio

conspectu

novercae.

magnam domus

tarn

cladem ratus indigere consilio pleniore ad quendam com-

Xec

pertae gravitatis educatorem senem protinus refert.

quicquam diutina deliberatione tam salubre visum quam fuga celeri procellam fortunae saevientis evadere.

Sed impatiens vel exiguae dilationis mulier

ficta qualibet

causa confestim marito miris persuadet artibus ad longis-

sime dissitas festiuare

villulas.

Quo

facto maturatae spei

vesania praeceps promissae libidinis flagitat vadimonium.

Sed iuvenis, modo istud modo aliud causae faciens, execra15

bilem frustratur eius conspectum, quoad varietate spiciens,

pollicitationem

mobilitate

lubrica

ilia,

nuntiorum

denegatam manifesto

sibi

nefarium

amorem ad

per-

longe

deterius transtulisset odium.

Et adsumpto statim nequissimo

ad omne facinus

20emancipato quodam dotali servulo perlidiae suae consilia nee quicquam melius videtur quam vita miserum privare iuvenem. Ergo missus continuo furcifer venenum praesentarium comparat idque vino diligenter dilutum insontis privigni praeparat exitio. Ac dum de

communicat

LT)

oblationis

;

opportunitate secum noxii deliberant homines,

forte fortuna puer ille iunior, pr()i)rius pessimae feminae filius,

post matutinum lalwrem studiorum

cipiens, prandio in ;ÂŤ)

iam capto

sitiens

domum

re-

repertum vini poculum,

quo venenum latebat inclusum, nescius fraudis occultae

cont

iiiiio

pfrduxit liaustu.

Atque uhi

frati'i

suo ])aratani mortem ebibit, exanimis

terrae procumbit, illicoque repentina pueri pernicie paeda-

THE ENAMORED STEPMOTHER

gogus commotus ululabili clamore matrem totamque

lamque

familiam,

que praesentium auctores insimulabant extremi

Sed dira

ilia

femina

ciet

cognito casu noxiae potionis varie quisfacinoris.

exemplar unicum

et malitiae novercalis

non acerba filii morte, non parricidii conscientia, non infortuuio domus, non luctu mariti vel aerumna funeris commota cladem familiae

in vindictae

compendium traxit, missoque domus expugnationem

cursore, qui vianti marito

protinus

nuntiaret,

mox eodem

ocius

ab itinere regresso per-

sonata nimia temeritate insimulat privigni veneno filium

suum interceptum. Et hoc quidem non adeo mentiebatur, quod iam destinatam

mortem praevenisset

iuveni

puer,

sed fratrem

fingebat ideo privigni scelere peremptum, quod

iuniorem eius

pro-

brosae libidini, qua se comprimere temptaverat, noluisset

Nee tam inmanibus contenta mendaciis addebat sibi quoque ob detectum flagitium eundem ilium gladium comminari. Tunc infelix duplici iiliorum morte percussus magnis aerumnarum procellis aestuat. Nam et succumbere.

iuniorem incoram sui funerari videbat et alterum ob inces-

tum parrieidiumque sciebat.

capitis

damnatum iri certo uimium mentitis lamenta-

scilicet

hoc uxoris dilectae

extremum subolis impellebatur odium. Vixdum pompae funebres et sepultura filii fuerant

tionibus ad

plicatae, et statim

ab ipso eius rogo senex

infelix, ora

ex-

sua

recentibus adhue rigans lacrimis trahensque cinere sorden-

tem canitiem, foro fletu,

Atque ibi tum tum precibus genua etiam decurionum contingens se

festinus immittit.

nescius fraudium pessimae mulieris in exitium reliqui plenis

operabatur

affectibus

ilium

incestum

filii

paterno

thalamo, ilium parricidam fraterno exitio et in comminata

novercae caede sicarium.

Tanta denique miseratione

tan-

LUCIUS APULEIUS

taque indignatione curiam, sed et plebem maerens inflamma-

remoto iudicandi taedio

verat, ut

et accusatiouis manifestis

probationibus et responsionis uieditatis ambagibus cuncti couclamariiit lapidibus

obrutum publicum malum publics

5 vindicari.

Magistratus interim metu periculi proprii, ne de parvis indignationis elementis ad exitium disciplinae civitatisque seditio

procederet,

partim

decuriones

deprecari,

partim

populares compescere, ut rite et more maiorum iudicio redlodito et utrimquesecus

allegationibus examinatis

civiliter

senteutia promeretur nee ad instar barbaricae feritatis vel

tyrannicae impotentiae damnaretur aliquis inauditus et in

pace placida tam dirum saeculo proderetur exemplum. Placuit salubre consilium et 15 tiat,

tatis

ilico iussus

iure

consueta

loca

residentibus

vocatu primus accusator incedit.

praeco pronun-

Quibus protinus digni-

patres in curiam convenirent.

rursum

praeconis

Tunc demum clamatus

inducitur etiam reus, et exemplo legis Atticae Martiique iudicii causae 20

patronis denuntiat praeco neque priucipia

dicere neque miserationem commovere.

Haec ad istum modum gesta compluribus mutuo sermoQuibus autem verbis accusator urserit,

cinantibus cognovi.

quibus rebus diluerit reus ac prorus orationes altercatio-

nesque neque ipse absens apud praesepium scire neque ad 25VOS quae ignoravi possum enuntiare peri

istas

litteras

proferam.

sed quae plane com-

Simul enim

finita

est

dicentium contentio, veritatem criminum fidemque probationibus certis instrui nee suspicionibus tantam coniecturam

permitti placuit atque ilium potissimum servum, qui solus 30

haec ita gesta esse scire diceretur,

sisti

modis omnibus

oportere.

Nee tantillum

cruciarius

ille

vel

fortuua tam magni

THE ENAMORED STEPMOTHER iudicii vel confertae

scientia sua

conspectu curiae vel certe noxia con-

quae

deterritus,

ipse

quasi

finxerat,

vera,

adseverare atque adserere incipit: quod se vocasset indignatus fastidio novercae iuvenis, quod, ulciscens iniuriam,

mandaverit necem, quod promisisset grands

eius

filii

praemium, quod recusanti mortem

sit

silentii 5

comminatus, quod

venenum sua manu temperatum dandum

fratri reddiderit,

quod ad criminis probationem reservatum poculum neclexisse suspicatus sua postremum manu porrexerit puero.

Haec eximie ac nimis ad veritatis imaginem verberone simulata cum trepidatione proferente finitum est indicium. Nee quisquam decurionum tam aequus remanserat iuveni, quin eum evidenter noxae compertum insui culleo

illo

Cum

pronuntiaret.

unum sermonem

iam sententiae pares, cunctorum

urnam aeream deberent iam cum

rei

ficis,

unus

conici,

quo semel conditis

fortuna transacto, nihil

e curia senior prae ceteris

manum

compertae

auctoritatis praecipuae medicus orificium urnae

fidei

Quod

sum, vobis adprobatum

aetatis

carni-

atque

manu

tegens, ne quis mitteret calculum temere, haec ad pertulit

calculis,

postea commutari

mancipabatur potestas capitis in

licebat, sed

stilis

congruentibus, ex more perpetuo in

con- 20

ordinem

vixisse

gaudeo, nee patiar falsis criminibus petito reo manifestum

homicidium perpetrari nee iudicatis, inductos servuli

sum

calcata

numinum

perperam pronuntiare.

vos, qui iure iurando adstricti

mendacio peierare.

Ipse non pos- 25

meam fallens me cognoscite.

religions conscientiam

Ergo, ut res

est,

venenum praesentarium comparare sollicentumque aureos solidos offerens pretium, me non

" Furcifer iste,

citus

olim convenerat, quod aegroto cuidam dicebat necessarium, qui

morbi

inextricabilis

veterno vehementer

vitae se cruciatui subtrahere gestiret.

implicitus

LUCIUS ArULEIUS

ego,

perspiciens

malum istum verberonem

blate-

rantem atque inconcinne causificantem certusque aliquod moliri flagitium, dedi

quidem potionem, dedi

sed futurae

;

quaestioni praecavens non statim pretium, quod offerebatur,

sed

accepi,

offers,

inquam,

forte aliquis,'

aureorum nequam

quos

istorum,

adulter repperiatur, in hoc

vel

ipso sacculo conditos eos anulo tuo praenota, donee altera

nummulario praesente comprobentur.'

die

quam

signavit pecuniam,

" Sic inductus

exinde, ut iste

repraesentatus est iudicio, iussi de meis aliquem curriculo

taberna

promptam

quem ad modum 15

suum

Videat et

exhibeo.

iste

adferre

comparaverit

ecce

perlatam coram

Ingens exinde verberonem corripit trepidatio succedit pallor infernus

coloris

membra

frigidus sudor

emanabat

commovere, modo ut

effutire,

merito crederet

et in

vicem

perque universa

tunc pedes incertis alter-

;

banc,

modo

illam

capitis

et ore semiclauso balbuttiens nescio quas

partem scalpere 20afannas

quod

eius veueni frater insimulari potest, "

humani

nationibus

Nam

recognoscat.

sigillum

eum nemo

prorsus a culpa

vacuum

sed revalescente rursus astutia constan-

;

tissime negare et accersere mendacii non desinit medicum.

Qui praeter

iudicii religionem

cum tidem suam coram

lace-

rari videret, multiplicato studio verberonem ilium contendit 25

redarguere, donee iussu magistratuum contrectatis

nequissimi

deprehensum cum signo

servi

ministeria publica

manibus anulum

ferreum

sacculi conferunt, quae comparatio

praecedentem roboravit suspicionem. Nee rota vel eculeus more Graecorum tormentis eius apparata iam deerant, sed sooffirmatus mira praesumptione nullis verberibus ac ne ipso

quidem succumbit Turn medicus

igni.

Non

patiar,"

iuciuit,

" hercules,

non

THE ENAMORED STEPMOTHER

patiar vel contra fas de innocente isto iuvene supplicium

vos sumere vel hunc ludilicato nostro iudicio poenarn noxii

Dabo enim

facinoris evadere.

rei praesentis

evidens argu-

mentum.

Nam cum

venerium peremptorium comparare

pessimus

iste gestiret

nee meae sectae crederem convenire

causas ulli praebere mortis nee exitio, sed saluti

medicinam quaesitam esse didicissem, verens ne

hominum

daturum

negassem, intempestiva repulsa viam sceleri subminis-

trarem et ab

alio

quopiam exitiabilem mercatus hie potionem

postremum gladio vel quovis telo nefas inclioatum per- lo dedi venenum, sed somniferum, mandragoram ilium gravedinis compertae famosum et morti simillimi soporia efficacem. Nee mirum desperatissimum istum latronem certum extremae poenae, quae more maiorum in eum comvel

iiceret,

petit, cruciatus istos

Sed

ut leviores facile tolerare.

vere

puer meis temperatam manibus sumpsit potionem, vivit et quiescit

dormit

morte praeventus

est,

marcido sopore discusso

protinus

remeabit ad diem lucidam

;

quod

quaeratis

sive licet

peremptus causas

est sive

mortis eius

alias."

Ad festim

istum

modum

magna cum

seniore adorante placuit, et itur confestinatione ad illud sepulchrum,

corpus pueri depositum iacebat.

Nemo

quo

de curia, de opti-

matibus nemo ac ne de ipso quidem populo quisquam, qui

non

illuc curiose confluxerit.

coperculo

capuli

remoto,

Ecce pater, suis ipse manibus

commodum

sopore surgentem postliminio mortis

eumque complexus

artissime, verbis

producit ad populum. culis instrictus

lamque

Atque ut

discusso

deprehendit filium

impar praesenti gaudio,

erat

adhuc feralibus ami-

atque obditus deportatur ad indicium puer.

liquido servi nequissimi atque mulieris nequioris

patefactis sceleribus procedit in

mortifero

medium nuda

Veritas

LUCIUS APULEIUS

uovercae quidem perpetuum indicitur exilium, servus vero patibulo suffigitur et aurei, opportuni

omnium consensu bono medico

somni pretium.

illius

sinuntur

quidem

senis

famosa atque fabulosa fortuna providentiae divinae condig-

num

momento modico immo puncto periculum adulescentium duorum

accepit exitum, qui

exiguo

post

orbitatis

pater repente factus

est.

THE JEALOUS WIFE Maritum davit

matri

suae,

eiusdem

â&#x20AC;&#x201D; quod relinquebat â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

iuvenis

oneratam earn

sarcina praegnationis

manenim

pater peregre proficiscens

liabuit, cuius

uxori

ut,

sexus sequioris edidisset fetum, protinus quod esset editum necaretur.

matribus

eamque

ilia,

per absentiam mariti nata puella, insita

praeventa descivit ab

pietate

prodidit

vicinis

obsequio mariti

alumnandam, regressoque

iam

marito natam necatamque nuntiavit.

Sed ubi

flos aetatis

nuptialem virgini diem flagitabat nee

ignaro marito dotare

solum potuit,

filio

pro natalibus quibat, quod

filiam

suo taciturn secretum aperuit.

Nam

oppido verebatur ne quo casu, caloris iuvenalis impetu lapsus, nescius nesciam sororem

incurreret.

Sed

pietatis

spectatae iuvenis et matris obsequium et sororis officium religiose

dispensat et arcanis

domus

venerabilis

silentiii5

custodiae traditis, plebeiam facie tenus praetendens liuma-

nitatem, sic necessarium sanguinis

sui

munus

adgreditur,

ut desolatam vicinam puellam parentumque praesidio vidua-

tam domus suae que

sibi

tutela receptaret ac

dilecto

mox

artissimo multum-

contubernali, largitus de proprio

dotem,

liberalissime traderet.

Sed haec bene atque optima plenaque cum sanctimonia disposita feralem Fortunae

cuius instinctu

domum

nutum

latere

non potuerunt,

iuvenis protinus se direxit 57

saeva

LUCIUS APULEIUS

58 Et

Rivalitas.

ilico

haee eadem uxor eius, quae nunc bestiis

propter haec ipsa fuerat addicta,

aemulain tari,

tori

succubamque primo

dehinc crudelissimis laqueis

coepit

puellam

velut

suspicari, dehiuc detes-

mortis

Tale

insidiari.

deuique commiuiscitur facinus.

Anulo mariti surrepto rus profecta mittit quendam servulum sibi quidem fidelem, sed de ipsa Fide pessime merentem, qui puellae nuntiaret, quod earn iuvenis profectus ad villulam vocaret ad sese, addito ut sola et sine ullo comite 10

quam maturissime

perveniret.

Et ne qua

forte nasceretur

veniendi cunctatio, tradit anulum marito subtractum, qui

monstratus tidem verbis adstipularetur.

At sola 15

mandatu

ilia

fratris

sciebat â&#x20AC;&#x201D; respecto

ut praeceptum

naviter,

obsequens

â&#x20AC;&#x201D; hoc

enim nomen

etiam signo eius, quod offerebatur, fuerat,

incomitata festinat.

Sed

ubi fraudis extremae lapsa decipulo laqueos insidiarum accessit,

furiae

tunc

ilia

stimulis

uxor egregia sororem mariti libidinosae efferata

primum quidem nudam

flagris

ultime verberat, dehinc quod res erat clamantem quodque 20 f rustra

paelicatus

indignatione bulliret

f ratrisque

nomen

saepius iterantem velut mentitam atque cuncta fingentera

crudelissime necavit.

Tunc acerbae mortis

exciti nuntiis frater et maritus ac-

currunt variisque lamentationibus defletam puellam tradunt 25 sepulturae.

Nee

iuvenis sororis suae

mortem tam miseram

quae minime par erat inlatam aequo tolerare quivit

animo, sed medullitus dolore commotus acerrimaeque

bills

noxio furore perfusus exin flagrantissimis febribus ardebat, ut ipsi quoque iam medela videretur esse necessaria. ;}()

uxor, (luae iiK'ilicuin ruiii

iam pridem nomen uxoris cum

(;oiiv('iiit

Sed

fide perdiderat,

(luendam notae perfidae, qui iam multa-

pjiluuuuiu spectatus })roeliis

magna dexterae suae

tro-

TIIK

JEALOUS WIFE

paea numerabat, eique protinus

quinquaginta

promittit

quidem momentarium venenum venderet, mortem mariti sui. Quo confecto simu-

sestertia, ut ille

ipsa autein emeret

latur necessaria praecordiis leniendis bilique subtrahendae ilia

praenobilis potio,

in eius

quam sacram

vicem subditur

lamque praesente familia aegroto medicus poculum porrigebat.

Sed audax

doctiores nominant, sed 5

Proserpinae sacra Saluti.

alia

et nonnullis amicis et adfinibus

probe

ilia

temperatum manu sua

mulier, ut simul et conscium

quam desponderat pecuniam lucrare- 10 calice Non prius," inquit, " medicorum

sceleris amoliretur et tur,

coram detento

optime, non prius carissimo mihi marito trades istam potio-

nem quam de scio

bonam partem

hauseris ipse.

an noxium in ea lateat venenum?

te tarn

Quae

Unde enim res

utique

prudentem tamque doctum virum nequaquam

det, si religiosa

uxor circa salutem mariti

offen- 15

sollicita necessa-

riam adfero pietatem."

Qua mira desperations

truculentae feminae repente per-

turbatus medicus excussusque toto consilio et ob angustiam

temporis spatio cogitandi privatus, antequam trepidatione

aliqua vel cunctatione ipsa daret malae conscientiae suspi-

cionem, indidem

de potione

gustavit

fidem secutus adulescens etiam, sumpto

Quam

ampliter. calice,

quod

offere-

batur hausit.

Ad quam

istum

modum praesenti transacto negotio medicus 25 domum remeabat, salutifera potione pestem

celerrime

praecedentis

veneni festinans extinguere.

stinatione sacrilega,

ungue

â&#x20AC;&#x201D; " Priusquam," proventus appareat " â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

latius a se discedere passa est

" digesta

Nee eum

ob-

qua semel coeperat, truculenta mulier

potione medicinae

aegre precibus et obtestationibus eius

gata tandem abire concessit.

inquit,

multum ac diu

sed 30 fati-

Interdum perniciem caecam

LUCIUS APULEIUS

60 totis

visceribus

multum denique

furentem medullae

penitus adtraxerant,

saucius et gravedine somnulenta iam de-

mersus

domum

cunctis,

ad uxorem mandato

pervadit

aegerrime. saltern

Vixque, euarratis

promissam mercedem

mortis geminatae deposceret, sic elisus violenter spectatis-

simus medicus effundit spiritum.

Nee fictas

ille

tanien iuvenis diutius vitam tenuerat, sed inter

mentitasque lacrimas uxoris pari casu mortis

lamque eo

extinctus. 10

sepulto, paucis

interiectis

fiierat

diebus,

quis feralia mortuis litantur obsequia, uxor medici pretium

geminae mortis petens aderat. sui similis, fidei

Sed mulier usquequaque

supprimens faciem, praetendens imaginem,

blandicule respoudit et omnia prolixe adcumulateque polli-

praemium sine mora se reddituram conmodo pauxillum de ea potione largiri sibi vellet ob

cetur et statutum 15 stituit,

Quid pluribus

incepti negotii persecutionem.

fraudium pessimarum uxor inducta medici

quo

et,

se gratiorem locupleti

domo petitam totam 20dit.

Laqueis

facile consensit

feminae faceret, properiter

prorsus veneni pyxidem mulieri tradi-

Quae grandem scelerum nancta materiam longe

que cruentas suas manus

late-

porrigit.

Habebat filiam parvulam de marito, quern nuper necaveHuic infantulae quod leges necessariam patris succesrat. sionem 25liliae

deferrent,

sustinebat

patrimonio inminebat et

Ergo

certa

aegerrime

inliiansque

toto

capiti.

defunctorum liberorum

matres

sceleratas

hereditates excipere, talem parentem praebuit, qualem ex-

hibuerat uxorem, prandioque commento pro tempore

uxorem medici simul et suani liliam veneno eodem percutit. Sed parvulae quidem tenuem spiritum et delicata ac tenera praecordia conlicit protinus virus infestum, at uxor medici,

dum

noxiis

ambagibus pulmones eius pererrat tempestas

THE JEALOUS WIFE detestabilis potionis,

primum

suspicata,

quod

res erat,

mox

urgente spiritu iam certo certior contendit ad ipsam prae-

domum magnoque

sidis

lidem eius protestata clamore et

populi concitato tumultu, utpote tarn immania detectura flagitia, efficit

statim sibi simul et

domus

et aures praesidis 5

patefierent.

lamque ab atrocitatibus

ipso exordio crudelissimae mulieris diligenter

expositis,

repente

cunctis

mentis nubilo

turbine correpta semihiantes adhuc compressit labias tritu

et, at-

dentium longo stridore reddito, ante ipsos praesidis

pedes exanimis corruit.

Nee

ille

excetrae

vir,

alioquin exercitus, tarn multiforme facinus

venenatae dilatione languida passus marcescere,

confestim cubiculariis mulieris adtractis vi tormentorum veritatem emit atque illam, minus quidem tur, sed

quod dignus cruciatus

quam mereba-i5

alius excogitari

certe bestiis obiciendam pronuntiavit.

nou poterat,

XII

TALE OF THE TUB Is

gracili

pauperie laborans fabriles operas praebendo

tamen uxorcula etiam satis quidem tenuis et ipsa, verum tamen postrema lascivia famigerabilis. Sed die quadam, dum niatutino ille ad opus susceptum proficiscitur, statim laparvis

illis

mercedibus vitam

tenebat,

Erat

tenter inrepit eius hospitium temerarius adulter.

Ac dum Veneris

conluctationibus

securius

operantur,

maritus ignarus rerum ac nihil etiam turn tale suspicans

lamque clausis et obseratis 10 foribus uxoris laudata continentia ianuam pulsat, sibilo etiam praesentiam suam denuntiante. Tunc mulier callida et ad huius modi flagitia perastutula tenacissimis amplexibus expeditum hominem dolio, quod inprovisus hospitium repetit.

erat in angulo semiobrutum, sed alias

vacuum, dissimulanter

mabscondit, et patefactis aedibus adhuc introemitem maritum asjtero

sermone

acci])it

nianibus ambulabis

nostrae

prospicies

" Sicine vacuus et otiosus insinuatis

mihi nee obito consueto labore vitae et

aliquid

cibatui

At ego

parabis ?

misera pernox et per diem laniii(do nervos meos contorqueo, 20

ut intra cellulam iiostram saltern lucerna luceat.

f'elicior

saucia

cum

J)ap]nie vicuna, (juae

mero

suis adulteris volutatur

Sic coniutatus

" !

iiuiritus " Kt cpiid istic

Quanto

et prandio matutino

est?"

ait;

"nam

TALE OF THE TUB

licet forensi negotio officinator noster attentus ferias nobis

tamen hodiernae cenulae uostrae prospexi.

fecerit, sis,

Vide

ut dolium, quod semper vacuum, frustra locum detinet

tantum

nostrae

niliil

vera praeter impedimentum conversationis Istud ego quinque denariis

praestat amplius ?

cuidam venditavi,

Quin itaque praecingeris mihique

ferat.

secum rem suam

et adest, ut dato pretio

manum

tantisper

accommodas, ut exobrutum protinus tradatur emptori."

E "

re nata fallaciosa mulier

Magnum,"

inquit,

temerarium tollens cachinnum,

istum virum acstrenuum negotiatorem

quam ego mulier et intra hospitium iam dudum septem denariis vendidi, minoris

nacta sum, qui rem,

contenta distraxit."

Additamento pretii laetus maritus " " qui tanto praestinavit ? "

ilia

" Olim,

inepte,"

Et quis

est ille," ait, 15

" descendit in

inquit,

dolium

sedulo soliditatem eius probaturus."

Nee

ille

" Vis,"

sermoni mulieris defuit, sed exsurgens alacriter

inquit,

verum

scire,

dolium nimis vetustum est

quassum

" Quin tu,

mihi

quicumque

habere

usui, "

es,

dissimulanter

homuncio, lucernam,"

erasis

Hoc

tibi

et multifariam rimis hiantibus 20

ad maritumque eius

expedis,

aptumne

mater familias

intrinsecus

possim dinoscere,

nisi

ait,

sordibus

conversus "

actutum

diligenter,

nos putas aes de malo 25

Nee quicquam moratus ac suspicatus

acer et egregius

ille

maritus accensa lucerna " Discede," inquit, " f rater, et otiosus

donee probe percuratum istud

a.dsiste,

cum

repraesentem

;

dicto nudatus ipse delato lumine scabiem vetustam

cariosae

simus

tibi

testae occipit exculpere.

ille

At vero adulter

bellis-30

pusio inelinatam dolio pronam uxorem fabri

superincurvatus secure dedolabat.

LUCIUS APULEIUS

64 Ast

ilia

capite in

dolium demisso maritum suum astu ;

hoc et illud et aliud et rursus

purgandum demonstrat

digito suo, donee utroque opere

meretricio tractabat ludicre aliud

perfecto acceptis septem denariis calamitosus faber collo

suo gerens dolium coactus est ad hospitium adulteri perferre.

XIII

OUPID AND PSYCHE Erant

quadam

civitate rex et regina.

tres

numero

forma conspicuas habuere, sed maiores quidem natu,

filias

quamvis gratissima

specie,

idonee tanien celebrari posse

tam tam praeclara pulchritudo nee exprimi ac ne quidem laudari sermonis humani penuria pote-

laudibus humanis credebantur, at vero puellae iunioris praecipua, siifficienter rat,

Multi denique civium et advenae copiosi, quos eximii

spectaculi

rumor studiosa celebritate congregabat, inaccessae

formonsitatis admiratione stupidi et admoventes oribus suis

dexteram primore digito in erectum pollicem residente earn ut ipsam prorsus

deam Venerem

religiosis

venerabantur ado-

rationibus.

lamque proximas

civitates et attiguas regiones

quam caerulum profundum

vaserat deam,

ros spumantiuni iluctuum educavit,

fama

per-

pelagi peperit et

iam numinis

sui

passim

tributa venia in mediis conversari populi coetibus, vel certe

rursum novo caelestium stillarum germine non maria, sed terras

Venerem aliam

Sic

immensum

mas

et terrae

virginali flore praeditam pullulasse.

procedit in dies opinio, sic insulas iam proxu-

plusculum provinciasque plurimas fama por- 20

recta pervagatur.

Iam multi

mortaliuni longis itineribus atque altissimis

maris meatibus ad saeculi specimen gloriosum confluebant.

Paphon nemo, Cnidon nemo ac ne 65

ipsa

quidem Cythera ad

LUCIUS APULEIUS

conspectum deae Veneris navigabant

;

sacra differuntur,

templa deformantur, pulvinaria praetereuntur, caerimoniae negleguntur

;

incoronata simulacra et arae viduae f rigido

cinere foedatae. 5

Puellae supplicatur et in humanis vulti-

bus deae tantae numina placantur, et in matutino progressu

nomen

virginis victimis et epulis Veneris absentis

propitia-

iamque per plateas commeantem populi frequenter

tur,

flori-

bus sertis et solutis adprecantur.

Haec honorum caelestium ad puellae mortalis cultum

in-

modica translatio verae Veneris vehementer incendit animos

et inpatiens indignationis capite quassanti

secum

sic

disserit

elementorum origo quae cum 15 et

En rerum

initialis,

fremens altius

naturae prisca parens, en

en orbis totius alma Venus,

mortali puella partiario maiestatis honore tractor

nomen meum caelo conditum terrenis sordibus profanaNimirum communi numinis piamento vicariae vene-

tur

rationis incertum sustinebo et

puella moritura.

Frustra

imaginem pastor

meam

circumferet

cuius iustitiam

ille,

fidemque magnus comprobavit luppiter, ob eximiam spe20

ciem tantis praetulit deabus.

quaecumque

est,

Sed non adeo gaudens

ista,

iam faxo

eam

meos honores usurpabit

huius etiam ipsius inlicitae formonsitatis paeniteat."

Et vocat confestim puerum suum pinnatum ilium

et satis

temerarium, qui malis suis moribus contempta disciplina 25 pul)li('a,

Hamniis et sagittis arinatus, per alienas domos

nocte discurrens

onniiuni

pune committit Hunc, quanc^uam genuina

niatrimonia corrumpens im-

tanta flagitia et

nihil

prorsus boni

licentia procacem, verbis

facit.

quoque

iusuper stimulat et perducit ad illam civitatem et Psychen :ÂŤ}

â&#x20AC;&#x201D; hoc

enim nomine puella uuucupabatur

et tota

ilia

perlata de

â&#x20AC;&#x201D; coram ostendit

formonsitatis aemulatione

gemens ac fremens indignatione

Per ego

te,"

fabula inquit,

CUPID AND PSYCHE

(37

" maternae caritatis foedera deprecor, per tuae sagittae dul-

flammae

cia vulnera, per

viudictam

istius mellitas uredines,

tuae parent! sed plenaiu tribue et in pulchritudinem contu-

macem

severiter vindica idque

volens

eftice

unum

omnibus unicum

et pro

virgo ista amore fraglantissimo teneatur ho-

minis extremi,

quem

et dignitatis et patrimonii

simul et

tamque infirmi, ut per totum orbem non inveniat miseriae suae comparem." incolumitatis ipsius Fortuna damnavit,

Sic effata et osculis hiantibus tilium diu ac pressule savi-

ata proximas oras reflui litoris petit plantisque roseis vibran- 10

tium fluctuum

summo

rore calcato ecce

iam profundum maris

sudo resedit vertice, et ipsum quod incipit

dem

velle, quasi pri-

non moratur marinum obsequium. Adsunt chorum canentes et Portunus caerulis barbis

praeceperit,

Kerei

filiae

hispidus et gravis piscoso sinu Salacia et auriga parvulus delfini

Palaemon

catervae hie concha sonaci leniter bucinat,

mine flagrantiae

solis obsistit inimici, alius

nae speculum progerit, curru biiuges

alii

ille

serico teg-

sub oculis domi-

subnatant.

Talis

ad Oceanum pergentem Venerem comitatur exercitus. Interea Psyche

nullum decoris bus,

sui

cum

sua sibi perspicua pulchritudine

fructum percipit.

laudatur ab omnibus

Spectatur ab omni-

nee quisquam, non rex, non

regius, nee de plebe saltem cupiens eius

accedit.

iam passim maria persultantes Tritonum

;

nuptiarum petitor

Mirantur quidem divinam speciem, sed ut simu-23

lacrum fabre politum mirantur omnes, Olim duae maiores sorores, quarum temperatam formonsitatem nulli diifamarant populi, procis regibus desponsae

iam beatas nuptias adeptae, sed Psyche virgo vidua domi residens deflet desertam suam solitudinem aegra corporis, 30 animi saucia et quamvis gentibus totis complacitam odit in SB suam formonsitatem.

LUCIUS APULEIUS

Sic infortunatissimae filiae miserrimus pater suspectatis

caelestibus odiis et irae

superum metuens

tissimum percontatur oraculum

dei Milesii vetus-

et a tanto

numine precibus

et victimis ingratae virgin! petit nuptias et 5

maritum.

Sed

Apollo, quanquaui Graecus et lonicus, propter Milesiae con-

ditorem ''

sic

Latina sorte respondit

Montis in excelsi scopulo,

rex, siste

puellam

ornatam mundo fimerei thalami, nee speres generum mortali stirpe creatum, sed saevum atque ferum vipereumque malum, quod pinnis volitans super aethera cuncta fatigat

flammaque

et ferro singula debilitat,

quod tremit ipse

lovis,

quo numina terrilieantur

fluminaque borrescunt et Stygiae tenebrae." 15

Rex olim beatus

affatu sanctae vaticinationis accepto pi-

domum

gens tristisque retro

cepta sortis enodat infaustae.

diebus plusculis.

lam

Sed dirae

pergit suaeque coniugi prae-

Maeretur,

sortis

feralium nuptiarum miserrimae

20 struitur,

fletur,

iam urget

lamentatur

taeter effectus.

choragium

virgin!

iam taedae lumen atrae f uliginis cinere marcescit, mutatur in querulum Ludii modum

et sonus tibiae zygiae

cantusque laetus bymenaei lugubri iinitur ululatu et puella

nuptura deterget lacrinias ipso suo flammeo.

domus 25

triste

latum cuncta etiam

Sic adfectae

congemebat luctu-

que publico confestim congruens edicitur iustitium. Sed monitis caelestibus parendi necessitas misellam

Psycben ad destinatam poenam tur feralis

thalami

lu-osequciitc ])()pulo ;ÂŤ)

ci vitas

Psyche comitatur

ettlagitabat.

Perfectis

cum summo maerore sollemnibus vivum producitur funus

iion nuptias,

igi-

toto

ct lacrimosa

sed cxequias suas.

Ac dum

maesti parentes et tanto malo perciti nefarium facinus per-

CUPID AND PSYCHE

ficere cunctantur, ipsa ilia tilia talibus eos

infelicem

senectam

Quid

laceratis

adhortatur voci-

Quid Quid spiritum vestrum, qui magis meus est, crebris eiulatibus fatigatis ? Quid lacrimis inefficacibus ora mihi venebus.

randa foedatis

lumina ?

Quid canitiem

ubera sancta tunditis

vestris

monsitatis meae praeclara praemia.

mea

vobis

egregiae for-

gentes et populi cele-

cum novam me Venerem ore consono nuncuparent, tunc dolere, tunc fiere, tunc me iani quasi peremptam lugere debuistis. lam sentio, iam video Ducite me et cui sors adsolo me nomine Veneris perisse. brarent nos divinis honoribus,

dixit scopulo sistite.

est ?

Festino felices istas nuptias obire,

festino generosuni ilium fero,

Invidiae nefariae letali

Cum

plaga percussi sero sentitis.

oculis

Quid pectora, quid

sciuditis ?

Haec erunt

diutino cruciatis ?

fletu

maritum

meum

videre.

Quid

dif- 15

quid detrecto venientem, qui totius orbis exitio natus "

Sic profata virgo conticuit ingressuque

populi prosequentis

sese

miscuit.

scopulum montis ardui, cuius

iam valido pompae

Itur ad

constitutum

summo cacumine

statutam

puellam cuncti deserunt, taedasque nuptiales quibus praeluxerant ibidem lacrimis suis extinctas relinquentes deiectis capitibus domuitionem parant. eius tanta clade defessi, clausae

perpetuae nocti sese dedidere.

Et miseri quidem parentes domus abstrusi tenebris, Psychen autem paventem

ac trepidam et in ipso scopuli vertice deflentem mitis aura molliter spirantis Zephyri, vibratis hinc inde laciniis et reflato

sinu sensim levatam suo tranquillo spiritu vehens

paulatim per devexa rupis excelsae, cespitis

gremio leniter delapsam

Psyche teneris

vallis subditae florentis

reclinat,

et herbosis locis in ipso toro roscidi gra-

minis suave recubans, tanta mentis perturbatione sedata, dulce

LUCIUS APULEIUS

70 conquievit.

lamque

somno placido

sufficienti recreata

consitum, videt fontem vitreo latice perlucidum meditullio prope

luci 5

medio adlapsum domus regia est,

fontis

non humanis manibus, sed

aedificata

ab introitu primo dei cuiuspiam luculentum

num

videre te diversorium. curiose

Nam summa

sum homo, immo semideus

bestiis et id

tantum

Mirus pror-

magnae Enimvero

argentum.

efferavit

menta ipsa lapide pretioso caesim deminuto beatos

illos

lam pretio

qui super

splendore proprio

in varia pic-

et monilia calcant.

valuae fulgurant.

parietes

coruscant,

faciat licet sole nolente 20

;

gemmas

totique

Nee

artis

pavi-

vehementer, iterum ac saepius

ceterae partes longe lateque dispositae

pretiosae

gemis

vel certe deus, qui

turae genera discrimmantur 15

lam amoe-

laquearia citro et

pecudibus occurrentibus ob os introeuntium.

suptilitate

cavata subeunt aureae columnae, parietes

omnes argenteo caelamiue conteguntur 10

;

diviuis artibus.

scies

ebore

re-

Videt lucum proceris et vastis arboribus

surgit animo.

solidati

ut diem

domus

massis

suum

sine

aureis

domus

sibi

sic cubicula, sic portions, sic ipsae

setins opes ceterae maiestati

domus

respondent, ut equidem illud recte videatur ad conversatio-

nem humanam magno

lovi fabricatum caeleste palatium.

Invitata Psyche talium

locorum

oblectatione

accessit et paulo fidentior intra limen sese tacit,

studio

25 lectante

altrinsecus

non

est.

pro-

pulcherrimae visionis rimatur singula et

aedium horrea sublimi fabrica perfecta mag-

nisque congesta gazis conspicit. ibi

propius

mox

Nee

est

quicquam, quod

Sed praeter ceteram tantarum divitiarum ad-

mirationem hoc erat praecipue mirificum, quod nullo vin.'50

culo, iiullo claustro, nullo ille

oustode totius orbis thensaurus

muniebatur.

Haec

summa cum

voluptate visenti offert sese vox

CUPID AND PSYCHE quaedam

corporis

sui

et " Quid," iiiquit,

nuda

tantis obstupescis opilms

'.'

Tua sunt

liaec

" domina,

Prohinc

omnia.

cubiculo te refer et let^tulo lassitudinem refove et ex arbitrio

lavacrum

Kos, quarum voces accipis, tuae famulae

pete.

sedulo tibi praeministrabimus nee corporis curatae tibi regales

epulae morabuntur." Sensit Psyche divinae

providentiae

beatitudinem mo-

nitusque, voces informes audieus, et prius sonino et

lavacro fatigationem sui diluit,

visoque

mox

proximo

statim

semirotundo suggestu, propter instrumentum cenatorium rata refectui suo

commodum,

ilico vini nectarei

libeus accumbit.

eduliumque variorum fercula copiosa

nullo serviente, sed tantum spiritu strantur,

iSTec

quemquam tamen

quodam impulsa subminiilia

videre poterat, sed

verba tantum audiebat excidentia et solas voces famulas habebat.

Post opimas dapes quidam introcessit et can-

tavit invisus et

nee ipsa.

alius

citharam pulsavit, quae videbatur

Tunc modulatae multitudinis conferta vox aures quamvis hominum nemo pareret, chorus

eius affertur, ut,

tamen

esse pateret.

Finitis voluptatibus

cubitum.

vespera suadente concedit Psyche

lamque provecta nocte clemens quidam sonus Tunc virginitati suae pro tanta solitudine

aures eius accedit.

metuens

et pavet et horrescit et quovis

malo plus timet quod

lamque aderat ignobilis maritus et torum inscende-25 uxorem sibi Psychen fecerat et ante lucis exortum

ignorat. rat et

propere discesserat.

Statim voces cubiculo praestolatae novam nuptam interfectae virginitatis curant.

bantur.

Atque ut

Haec diutino tempore

est natura redditum, novitas per

consuetudinem delectationem

commendarat

incertae solitudinis erat solacium.

sic age-

assiduam

et sonus vocis

LUCIUS APULEIUS

Interea parentes eius indefesso luctu atque maerore consenescebant, latiusijue porrecta

fama

sorores illae maiores

cuncta cognorant propereque uiaestae attpie lugubres deserto lare certatim ad 5

namque "

parentum suorum conspectum adfatunique

Ea nocte ad suam

perrexerant.

Psyclien sic

iiifit

maritus

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

praeter oculos et manibus et auribus sentiebatur

Psyche dulcissima

cara uxor, exitiabile tibi periculum

minatur f ortuna saevior, quod observandum pressiore cautela Sorores iam tuae mortis opinione turbatae

censeo. 10

quarum deas,

quas forte lamentationes aeceperis, neque respon-

immo nee

prospicias

gravissimum dolorem,

Aimuit 15

tuumque

vestigium requireutes scopulum istum protinus aderunt,

eo simul

tibi

omnino

vero

ceterum mihi quidem

summum

et ex arbitrio mariti se

cum

;

creabis exitium."

facturam spopondit, sed

nocte dilapso diem totum lacrimis ac plangori-

bus misella consumit, se nunc maxime prorsus perisse iterans,

quae beati carceris custodia septa colloquio viduata nee sororibus

bus

opem salutarem

20 posset.

iSTec

humanae

quidem

conversationis

suis de se maerenti-

ferre ac ne videre eas

quidem omnino

lavacro nee eibo nee ulla denique refectione

ubertim decessit ad somnum. Nee mora, cum paulo maturius leetum maritus aecubans eamque etiam recreata, flens

nunc lacrimantem complexus pollicebare,

Psyche mea?

25expecto, quid spero?

sic

expostulat " Haecine mihi

Quid iam de

tuus maritus

Et perdia et jDcrnox nee inter amcruciatum.

Age iam nunc, ut Tantum memi-

plexus

coniugales desinis

voles, et

animo tuo damnosa poscenti pareto!

meae seriae monitionis, cum coeperis sero paenitere." Tunc ilia precibus et dum se morituram comminatur

neris

SOextonjuet a marito, cupitis adnuat ut sorores videat, luctus mul(;eat, ora (HMiferat.

niam

Sic

tribuit et insuper,

ille

novae nuptae precibus ve-

quibuscumque

vellet eas auri vel

CUPID AND PSYCHE monilium donare, terruit,

T3 monuit ac saepe

concessit, seel identidem

ne quando sororum peruicioso consilio suasa de

forma mariti quaerat ueve

se sacrilega curiositate

de tanto

fortunarum suggestu pessuin deiciat nee suum postea contingat amplexuni.

Gratias egit marito iauique laetior animo " Sed prius," inquit, " centies moriar

caream.

Amo

enim

quam

tuo isto dulcissimo conubio

quicumque

et efflictim te,

aeque ut meurn spiritum, nee

ipsi

diligo

es,

Sed

Cupidini comparo.

istud etiam meis precibus, oro, largire et

illi

tuo famulo

Zepliyro praecipe, simili vectura sorores hie mihi sistat "

imprimens oscula suasoria

et iugerens

inserens

membra

mellite,

mi marite, tuae Psychae

verba mulcentia et

cogentia haec etiam blanditiis astruit "

potestate Venerii

susurrus

invitus

;

dulcis

anima."

succubuit

Vi ac

maritus et

cuncta se facturum spopondit atque, etiam luce proxumaute,

de manibus uxoris evanuit.

At illae sorores percontatae scopulum locumque ilium, quo fuerat Psyche deserta, festinauter adveuiunt ibique dililebant oculos et plangebant ubera,

quoad crebris earum 20

sonum resultarent. lamque nomine proprio sororem miseram ciebant, quoad sono penetrabili vocis ululabilis per prona delapso amens

heiulatibus

et trepida

miseris lugetis,

saxa

cautesque

Psyche procurrit

lamentationibus

adsum.

parilem

domo

et " Quid," inquit, " vos

necquicquam

effligitis?

Lugubres voces desinite

Quam 25

et diutiuis lacri-

cum iam possitis quam plangebatis amplecti." Tunc vocatum Zephyrum praecepti maritalis admonet. Nee mora, cum ille parens imperio statim clementissimis 30 flatibus innoxia vectura deportat illas. Iam mutuis ammis madentes genas siccate tandem, quippe

plexibus et festinantibus saviis sese jjerfruuntur et

illae

LUCIUS APULEIUS

postliminio redeunt

sedatae lacrimae "

et tectum," inquit, " et

Sed

et afflictas

gaudio.

larem nostrum laetae succedite

animas cum Psyche vestra recreate."

Sic allocuta 5

prolectante

summas opes domus aureae vocumque

ser-

vieutium populosam familiam demonstrat auribus earum lavacroque pulcherrimo et inhumanae mensae lautitiis eas opipare

relicit,

ut illarum prorsus

copiis affluentibus satiatae

invidiam. 10

caelestium divitiarum

iam praecordiis penitus nutrirent

Denique altera earum

satis scrupulose curioseque

percontari non desinit, quis illarum caelestium rerum dominus, quisve vel qualis ipsius sit maritus.

Nee tamen Psyche

coniugale illud praeceptum ullo pacto

temerat vel pectoris arcanis exigit, sed e re nata confingit esse 15

iuvenem quendam

barbitio genas inumbrantem,

speciosum,

commodum

lanoso

plerumque rurestribus ac mon-

tanis venatibus occupatum, et ne

qua sermonis procedentis

labe consilium taciturn proderetur, auro facto gemmosisque

monilibus onustas eas statim vocato Zephyro tradit reportandas. 20

Quo protenus perpetrate

sorores

deuntes iamque gliscentis invidiae

egregiae felle

domum

re-

fraglantes multa

secum sermonibus mutuis perstrepebant. Sic denique Hocine En orba et saeva et iniqua Fortuna

altera "

infit

tibi

complacuit, ut utroque parente prognatae diversam sortem '2r>

sustineremus maritis patria

Et nos quidem, quae natu maiores sumus,

advenis ancillae deditae, extorres et lare et ipsa

degamus longe parentum velut exulantes, haec autem

novissinia, ({uam tantis ;jo

tanta

fetu satiante

opibus et deo marito

bonorum copia novit ?

postremus partus

i)()tita

sit,

quae nee

Vidisti, soror,

effudit,

uti recte

quanta in domo

iacent et qualia monilia, quae praenitent vestes, quae splen-

dicant gemmae,

quantum praeterea passim

calcatur aurum.

CUriD AND PSYCHE *'

Quodsi maritum etiam tarn formonsum tenet, ut affirmat,

nulla nunc in orbe toto felicior vivit.

Fortassis

cedente consuetudine et adfectione roborata illam deus maritus ferebatque.

efficiet.

Sic est hercules, sic se gerebat

lam iam sursum

quae voces ancillas habet

lier,

tamen pro-

deam quoque

deam

spirat

mu-

et ventis ipsis imperat.

respicit et

ego misera primum patre meo senioreni maritum sortita

sum, dein cucurbita calviorem et quovis puero pusilliorem,

cunctam

domum

Suscipit alia "

seris et catenis

obditam custodientem,"

Ego vero maritum

articulari etiam

morbo

complicatum curvatumque ac per hoc rarissimo venerem

meam

recollentem sustineo, plerumque detortos et duratos

lapidem digitos eius perfricans, fomentis

sordidis et istas

faetidis

olidis et

pannis

cataplasmatibus manus tam delicatas

adurens nee uxoris officiosam faciem, sed medicae

laboriosam personam sustinens.

Et tu quidem soror videris, quam patienti vel potius servili dicam enim libere quod sentio haec perferas animo enimvero ego nequeo sustinere ulterius tam beatam "

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

;

fortunam allapsam indignae. perbe,

Recordare enim, quam su-20

quam adroganter nobiscum

egerit et ipsa iactatione

immodicae ostentationis tumentem suum prodiderit animum deque tantis divitiis exigua nobis invita proiecerit confestimque praesentia nostra gravata propelli et exsibilarique nos iusserit. spiro, nisi

eam pessum de

si tibi

efflari

Nee sum mulier nee omnino

etiam, ut par est, inacuit nostra contumelia,

consilium validum requiramus ambae.

lamque

ista,

ferimus, non parentibus nostris ac nee ulli monstremus

immo

nee omnino quicquam de eius salute norimus.

quae alii,

Sat

quod ipsae vidimus quae vidisse paenituit, nedum ut genitoribus et omnibus populis tam beatum eius differamus

est

tantis opibus deicero.

LUCIUS APULEIUS

Nee sunt

praeconium.

quorum

eniin beati,

divitias

nemo

Sciet se non ancillas, sed sorores habere maiores. novit. Et nunc quidem concedamus ad maritos et lares pauperes nostros, sed plane sobrios revisamus diuque cogitationibus 5

pressioribus instructae, ad superbiam poeniendam firmiores

redeamus." Placet pro bono duabus malis illis

malum

consilium totisque

muneribus absconditis comam trahentes

tarn pretiosis

et proinde ut

merebantur ora lacerantes simulatos redinte-

grant

fletus.

sic

parentes quoque redulcerato prorsum

raptim deterrentes, vesania turgidae, domus suas

dolore

immo

contendunt dolum scelestum,

vero parricidium stru-

entes contra sororem insontem.

Interea Psychen maritus nocturnis sermonibus

15 illis

tum

periculum?

tibi

longe

Perlidae lupulae magnis

comparant, quarum 20 rare

rursum

nescit,

commonet

suis

" Videsne, quan-

Velitatur Fortuna eminus, ac nisi

mox comminus

praecaves,

lirmiter

quem

ille,

sic

congredietur,

conatibus nefarias insidias tibi

summa

ut te suadeant meos explo-

est,

non videbis

vultus, quos, ut tibi saepe praedixi,

videris.

Ergo

igitur si posthac pessimae illae lamiae noxiis animis

armatae venerint

â&#x20AC;&#x201D; venient

sermonem conferas 25

proque animi nil

tui teneritudine

non

et hie

gestat nobis infantem alium,

divinum

;

neque omnino

j)otueris, certe

adhuc

Nam

de marito familiam

infantilis uterus

texeris nostra secreta silen-

profanaveris, mortalem."

Nuntio Psyche laeta florebat plaudel)at

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

genuina simplicitate

vel audias vel respondeas.

nostram iam propagabimus

tio, :ÂŤ)

quicquam

autem, scio

et si id tolerare pro

futuri pignoris

nominis dignitate gaudebat.

et divinae subolis solacio

gloria

gestiebat et materni

CUPID AND PSYCHE Sed iam pestes

taeterrimaeque Furiae anhelantes

illae

vipereuin virus et festinantes impia celeritate navigabant.

Tunc sic iterum momentarius maritus suam Psycheu admonet " Dies ultima et casus extremus et sexus inf estus et sanguis inimicus iam sumpsit arma et castra commovit et aciem direxit

et classicum

personavit

iam mucrone

;

iugulum tuum nefariae tuae sorores petunt.

stricto

quantis urguemur cladibus, Psyche dulcissima. trique

miserere religiosaque continentia

Heu

Tui nos-

domum maritum

teque et istum parvulum nostrum imminentis ruinae infor-

Nee

tunio libera.

necivum odium

non

licet,

illas scelestas f eminas,

de-

quas

post inter-

tibi

et calcata sanguinis foedera sorores appellare

vel videas vel audias,

cum

morem Sirenum

scopulo prominentes funestis vocibus saxa personabunt." Suscipit Psyche singultu lacrimoso "

Iam dudum, quod

sermonem

sciam, fidei atque parciloquio

incertans

meo

per-

pendisti documenta, nee eo setius adprobabitur tibi nunc

Tu modo Zephyro

etiam firmitas animi mei.

sum

nostro rur-

praecipe fungatur obsequio, et in vicem denegatae sa-

crosanctae imaginis tuae redde saltern conspectum sororum. 20

Per

istos

cinnameos

undique pendulos crines tuos, per

teneras et teretis et mei similes genas, per pectus nescio

quo calore fervidum, faciem tuam

;

sic in

mani complexus indulge

animam gaudio requiro,

brae

;

iam

teneo

recrea.

meum

f ructum et tibi

devotae Psychae

Nee quiquam amplius

nil officiunt te,

His verbis

hoc saltem parvulo cognoscam

supplicis anxiae piis preeibus erogatus ger25

in tuo vultu

mihi nee ipsae nocturnae tene-

lumen."

amplexibus mollibus decantatus maritus

lacrimasque eius suis crinibus detergens se facturum spo-30 pondit et praevertit statim lumen nascentis

lugum sororium consponsae

factiouis

diei.

pareutibus

LUCIUS APULEIUS

quidem cipiti

visis recta

cum

de navibus scopuluin petunt ilium prae-

velocitate nee veuti fereutis oppertae praesen-

tiam licentiosa cum immemor Zephyrus 5

temeritate prosiliunt in altum. regalis

edicti,

quamvis

invitus,

Nee sus-

ceptas eas gremio spirantis aurae solo reddidit.

illae

incunctatae

statim conferto vestigio

penetrant complexaeque praedam

suam

sorores

domum nomine

mentientes thensaurumque penitus abditae fraudis vultu laeto tegentes sic adulant 10

parvula, et ipsa iam mater in ista geris perula

hilarabis

non ita ut pridem Quantum, pjutas, boni nobis

" Psyche,

es.

Quantis gaudiis totam

domum

nostram

nos beatas, quos iufantis aurei nutrimenta

laetabuut

Qui

parentum, ut oportet, pulchritudini

responderit, prorsus Cupido nascetur." 15

Sic adfectione simulata paulatim sororis invadunt ani-

mum,

Statimque eas lassitudine viae sedilibus refotas et

balnearum vaporosis fontibus curatas pulcherrime mirisque

illis

et beatis edulibus atque

lubet citliaram loqui, psallitur 20canere, cantatur.

;

tuccetis

triclinio

oblectat.

tibiasagere, sonatur; chores

Quae cuncta nullo praesente dulcissimis

modulis animos audientium remulcebant.

Nee tamen scelestarum feminarum

nequitia vel

ilia

mellita cantus dulcedine mollita conquievit, sed ad desti-

natam fraudium pedicam sermonem conferentes dissimu25lanter occipiunt sciscitari, qualis ei maritus et undo natalium, secta cuia proveniret. Tunc ilia simplicitate nimia pristini sermonis oblita novum

commentum

instruit

suum de provincia proxima magnis pecuniis negotiantem iam medium cursum aetatis agere, interNee in sermone isto tantillum aospersum rara canitie. aitque maritum

morata rursum opiparis muneribus eas onustas ventoso vehiculo reddidit.

CUriD AND PSYCHE Sed

dum

redeunt, sic tarn

Zephyri tranquillo spiritu sublimatae

secum altercantes

monstruoso fatuae

modo

illius

lanugiue

florenti

media candenti

mendacio

barbam

canitie lucidus.

domum

" Quid, soror, dicimus ?

nunc

instruens,

Quis

Tunc adolescens aetate

quern temporis

ille,

modici spatium repentina senecta reformavit

Nil aliud

repperies, mi soror, quam vel mendacia istam pessimam feminam confingere vel formam mariti sui nescire quorum utrum verum est, opibus istis quam primum exterminanda ;

Quodsi

est.

deum

puelli

viri sui

â&#x20AC;&#x201D; quod

faciem ignorat, deo profecto denupsit

praegnatione ista gerit.

nobis

absit

â&#x20AC;&#x201D; haec

laqueo nexili suspendam.

redeamus

mater

Certe

audierit,

statim

Ergo interim ad parentes nostros

et exordio sermouis liuius

quam

concolores

fal-

lacias adtexamus."

Sic inflammatae,

nocte turbata

divini

parentibus

vigiliis,

fastidienter

perditae matutino

appellatis

scopulum

per-

volant et inde solito venti praesidio vehementer devolant

lacrimisque pressura palpebrarum coactis hoc astu puel-

1am appellant

Tu quidem

f elix et

ipsa tanti mali igno- 20

rantia beata sedes incuriosa periculi tui, nos autem, quae pervigili cura rebus tuis

excubamus, cladibus

tuis

misere

cruciamur. "

Pro vero namque comperimus nee te, sociae scilicet doloris

casusque

tui, celare

possumus immanem colubrum multi-25

nodis volumiDibus serpentem, veneno noxio colla sanguinan-

tem hiantemque ingluvie profunda tecum noctibus latenter adquiescere.

Nunc

recordare

sortis

Pythicae, quae

trucis bestiae nuptiis destinatam esse clamavit.

Et multi

coloni quique circumsecus veuantur et accolae plurinii vide- 30

runt

eum

vespera redeuntem e pastu proximique lluminis

vadis innatantem.

LUCIUS APULEIUS

Nec diu blandis alimoniarum obsequiis te saginaturum omnes adfirniant, sed, cum primum praegnationem tuam "

maturaverit

plenus

devoraturum.

opimiore

uterus,

haec iam tua est

pro tua cara salute

5 sororibus

fructu

praeditam

existimatio,

sollicitis

utrum

adsentiri velis et

declinata morte nobiscum secura periculi vivere an saevis-

simae bestiae sepeliri visceribus.

Quodsi

ruris

huius

vocalis solitudo vel clandestinae veneris faetidi periculosique

concubitus et venenati serpentis amplexus delectant, certe 10

piae sorores nostrum f ecerimus."

Tunc Psyche

misella, utpote simplex et animi tenella,

rapitur verborum tarn tristium formidine

;

extra terminum

omnium mariti monitionum effudit et in profunmemoriam suarumque promissionum I5dum calamitatis sese praecipitavit tremensque et exangui mentis suae posita prorsus

colore lurida tertiata verba semihianti voce substrepens sic

illas ait "

Vos quidem, carissimae

sorores, ut par erat, in

verum et illi qui talia vobis adfirmant, non videntur mihi mendacium fingere. 20 Nee enim umquam viri mei vidi faciem vel omnino cuiatis sit novi, sed tantum nocturnis subaudiens vocibus maritum officio

vestrae pietatis permanetis,

incerti

status

prorsus

lucifugam

tolero

bestiamque

Meque malumque Nunc si quam

aliquam recte dicentibus vobis merito consentio.

magnopere semper a

suis

terret

aspectibus

25grande de vultus curiositate praeminatur. salutarem

opem

iam nunc

subsistite

periclitanti sorori vestrae potestis adferre, ;

ceterum incuria sequens prioris pro-

videntiae beneficia conrumpet."

Tunc nanctae iam ."JOaiiiiiiuin

portis

fiKuui'i-osae mulicres,

bulis, d(;stri(;tis gladiis

cogitationes invadunt.

patentibus

nudatum

sororis

omissis tectae macliinae

lati-

fraudium simplicis puellae paventes

CUPID AND PSYCHE Sic denique altera

Quoniain nos originis nexus pro tua

incolumitate ne periculum quidem ullum ante oculos habere eompellit, viam, quae sola deducit iter ad salutem, diu diuque

cogitatam monstrabimus

Novaculam praeacutam,

tibi.

ad-

pulsu etiam palmulae lenientis exasperatam, tori qua parte

cubare consuesti, latenter absconde lucernamque concinnem,

completam

oleo, claro

lumine praemicantem subde aliquo

omnique isto apparatu tenacissime postquam sulcatos intrabens gressus cubile solitum conscenderit iamque porrectus et exordio somni pre- lo claudentis aululae tegmine

dissimulato,

mentis implicitus altum soporeni

flare coeperit, toro

delapsa

nudoque vestigio pensilem gradum paullulatim minuens,

cae-

cae tenebrae custodia liberata lucerna, praeclari tui facinoris

opportunitatem de luminis consilio mutuare et ancipiti telo illo

audaciter, prius dextera sursum elata, nisu

noxii serpentis

nodum

nostrum

tibi deerit

salutem

tibi feceris,

manibus

sociis

quam

valido 15

Nee

cervicis et capitis abscinde.

subsidium

;

sed

cum primum

illius

morte

anxiae praestolabimur cunctisque

tecum

relatis

votivis

nuptiis

istis

hominem

iungemus homini."

Tali verborum incendio flammata viscera sororis iam prorsus ardentis deserentes ipsae protinus, tanti mali confinium sibi

etiam eximie metuentes, flatus

alitis

impulsu

solito por-

rectae super scopulum ilico pernici se fuga proripiunt statim-

que conscensis navibus abeunt.

At Psyche relicta non

est,

statuto

sola, nisi

quod

inf estis Furiis agitata sola

aestu pelagi simile maerendo fluctuat consilio

obstinato auimo,

manus admovens adhuc calamitatis

et, quamvis iam tamen facinori

incerta consilii titubat multisque

suae distrahitur affectibus.

audet trepidat,

dittidit

iraseitur et,

eodem corpore odit bestiam,

diligit

quod

maritum.

Festinat differt, est

ultimum, in

Vespera tamen

LUCIUS APULEIUS

iam noctem trahente praecipiti festinatione

Nox

nefarii sceleris

apparatum.

instruit

aderat

maritus

Tunc Psyche,

advenerat.

corporis et animi alioquin iniirina, fati tamen saevitia sub5

uiiiiistrante, viribus

roboratur et prolata lucerna et adrepta

Sed cum primum luminis

novacula sexum audacia mutatur. oblatione

tori

secreta claruerunt,

omnium ferarum

videt

mitissimam dulcissimamque bestiam, ipsum ilium Cupidinem

formonsum deum formonse cubantem, quoque lumen hilaratum increbruit

cuius aspectulucernae et

acuminis sacrilegi

novacula praenitebat.

At vero Psyche

tanto aspectu deterrita et impos animi,

marcido pallore defecta tremeusque desedit in imos poplites et 15

ferrum quaerit abscondere, sed in suo pectore

fecto

fecisset,

nisi

ferrum timore tanti

quod pro-

;

fiagitii

manibus

temerariis delapsum evolasset.

lamque intuetur

lassa, salute defecta,

Videt capitis

caesariem ambrosia temulentam, cervices

genasque purpureas pererrantes crinium globos deco-

20 lacteas

riter

saepius divini vultus

recreatur animi.

pulcliritudiuem,

aurei genialem

dum

antependulos, alios

impeditos, alios

quorum splendore nimio fulgurante iam lucernae vacillabat

;

retropendulos,

ipsum lumen

per umeros volatilis dei pinnae roscidae

micanti flore candicant et quamvis alls quiescentibus exti25

mae plumulae

ac delicatae

tenellae

tremule resultantes

iufjuieta lasciviunt; ceterura corpus glabelluni

lentum

et quale peperisse

Ante

magni 30 satis

lectuli

curiosa,

Qmm'

riiuatur

miratur arma, depromit pollicis

atque lucu-

paeniteret.

pedes iaeebat arcus et faretra et sagittae,

dei propitia tela.

Venerem non

(hiin insatiabili

atcpie

pertrectat

auimo Psyche, et

mariti sui

unam de pharetra sagittam

puncto

extremam aciem periclitabunda trementis etiam nunc

CUPID AND PSYCHE articuli nisu fortiore

roraverint

pupugit

Amoris

per

altius, ut

sanguinis

parvulae

Psyche sponte

summam cutem Sic

guttae.

rosei

magisque cupidine fraglans Cupidinis, prona

ignara

Tunc magis

amoreni.

incidit

eum

efflictim

inhians, patulis ac petulantibus saviis festinanter iugestis 5

de somni mensura metuebat.

mente

saucia

fluctuat,

sive invidia noxia sive

Sed

lucerna

quod

dum

tale corpus contingere et quasi

summa

basiare et ipsa gestiebat, evomuit de stillam ferventis olei super

audax

ipsum

ignis totius

aliquis,

bono tanto percita

sive perfidia pessima

ilia

umerum

temeraria lucerna et amoris

deum

aduris,

luminis sui

dei dexterum.

cum

vile

scilicet

amator

potiretur,

primus

ut diutius cupitis etiam nocte

Hem

ministerium,

invenerit.

Sic inustus exiluit deus visaque detectae fidei colluvie 15

prorsus ex osculis et manibus infelicissimae coniugis tacitus

At Psyche statim resurgentis

avolavit.

manibus ambabus adrepto

eius crure dextero

sublimis evectionis

adpendix

miseranda et per nubilas plagas penduli comitatus extrema consequia tandem fessa delabitur

solo.

Kec deus amator humi iacentem deserens involavit proxi-

mam

cupressum deque eius alto cacumine sic eam graviter commotus adfatur " Ego quidem, simplicissima Psyche, parentis meae Veneris praeceptorum immemor, quae te miseri extremique hominis devinctam cupidine infimo ma- 25

trimonio addici iusserat, ipse potius amator advolavi

tibi.

Sed hoc

feci leviter, scio, et praeclarus ille Sagittarius ipse

meo

telo

percussi teque coniugem

scilicet tibi viderer et ferro

istos

amatores tuos oculos

Haec

tibi

meam

feci,

ut bestia

caput excideres meum, quod 30

gerit.

identidem semper cavenda censebam, haec

benivole remonebam,

Sed

illae

quidem

consiliatrices egre-

LUCIUS APULEIUS

giae tuae tarn perniciosi magisterii dabuut actutum mihi

poenas, te vero tautum fuga

mea punivero."

mino sermonis piiinis iu altum se proripuit. Psyche vero humi prostrata et, quantum 5 volatus

proceritas

poterat,

visi

Sed ubi remigio plumae raptum maritum

spatii

alieuum,

fecerat

marginem praecipitem sese honorem dei scilicet, qui et 10

ter-

extremis affligebat lamentatio-

mariti prospiciens

nibus animum.

Et cum

per

dedit.

proximi flumiuis

Sed mitis fluvius

ipsas aquas urere consuevit,

eam innoxio volumine super ripam Tunc forte Pan deus rusticus iuxta supercilium amnis sedebat complexus Echo montanam deam eamque voculas omnimodas edocens reccinere, proxime metuens

sibi,

confestim

fiorentem herbis exposuit.

ripam vago pastu lasciviunt comani

fluvii

tondentes capellae.

l5Hircuosus deus sauciam Psychen atque defectam, utcum-

que casus eius non

inscius, clementer

permulcet verbis lenientibus

ad se vocatam

Puella scitula,

sic

sum quidem

rusticanus et upilio, sed senectutis prolixae benelicio multis

experimentis instructus. 20

Verum

recte coniecto,

vinationem autumant, ab vestigio

immo

quod profecto prudentes

deque nimio pallore corporis

et ipsis

maerentibus oculis

Ergo mihi ausculta nee

viri di-

isto titubante et saepius vaccillante

tuis,

et assiduo suspiritu,

amore nimio

laboras.

te rursus praecipitio vel ullo mortis

Luctum desine et pone maeroCupidinem deorum maximum percole

25accersitae genere perimas. rera precibusque potius et utpote

adolescentem delicatum luxuriosumque blandis

obsequiis promere." locuto

Sic

30ad(jrat(j

cum

alitpiaiu

inscio

deo pastore nulloque sermone reddito, sed

tantum numine

salutari

Psyche pergit

ire.

Sed

inultum viae hiboranti vestigio pererrasset,

quodam tramite

lain

die hibente accedit

quaudam

CUPID AND PSYCHE civitatem, in

qua regnum maritus unius

85 sororis eius optine-

bat.

Qua

re cognita

desiderat

;

Psyche nuntiari praesentiam suam

sorori

inox inducta mutuis amplexibus alternae saluta-

tionis expletis percontauti causas

adventus sui

" Meministi consilium vestrum, scilicet

sic incipit

quo mihi

suasistis

mecum quiescebat, me misellam hauriret, ancipiti cum primum, ut aeque placuerat,

ut bestiam, quae mariti mentito nomine prius

quam

ingluvie voraci

novacula peremerem.

Set

mirum divinumque ipsum ilium deae Veneris filium,

conscio lumine vultus eius aspexi, video

prorsus

spectaculum,

ipsum inquam Cupidinem,

leni quiete sopitum.

Ac dum

tanti boni spectaculo percita et nimia voluptatis copia tur-

bata fruendi laborarem inopia, casu scilicet pessumo lucerna fervens oleum rebullivit in eius "

Quo

dolore statim

conspexit armatam,

somno

umerum.

recussus, ubi

quidem,'

inquit,

me '

ferro et igni

ob istud tam

dirum facinus confestim tore meo divorte tibique habeto, ego vero sororem

aiebat

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

iam

mihi

tuam

res tuas

â&#x20AC;&#x201D; et nomen quo tu censeris nuptiis

coniugabo

statim Zephyro praecipit, ultra terminos

me domus

confarreatis

et 20

eius

efflaret."

Necdum sermonem Psyche

finierat

;

ilia

vesanae libidinis

et invidiae noxiae stimulis agitata, vafre concinnato

dacio fallens maritum, quasi de conperisset, statim

navem

men-

morte parentum aliquid

ascendit et ad ilium scopulum

protinus pergit et quamvis alio flante vento, caeca spe tamen inhians, " Accipe me," dicens, " Cupido, dignam te coniugem et tu, Zephyre, suscipe dominam " saltu se maximo praecipitem dedit. 30 Nee tamen ad ilium locum vel saltern mortua pervenire potuit.

Nam

per saxa cautium membris

iactatis

atque

LUCIUS APULEIUS

dissipatis et proinde, ut merebatur, laceratis visceribus suis alitibus bestiisque

obvium ferens pabulum

ISTec

interiit.

Nam

poena tardavit.

vindictae sequentis

Psyche

rursus errabundo gradu pervenit ad civitatem aliam, in qua 5

pari

modo

Nee

soror morabatur alia.

setius et ipsa fallacie

germanitatis inducta et in sororis sceleratas nuptias aemula

scopulum

festinavit

inque

mortis

simile

exitium

cecidit.

Interim, lo

dum Psyche

circumibat,

pulos

quaesitioni Cupidinis intenta po-

vulnere

ille

gavia,

Tunc

assistens indicat

adustum

maerentem, dubium ora

ipso

profundum gremium.

commodum Venerem lavantem natantemque

Ibi

avis peralba ilia

quae super fluctus marines pinnis natat, demergit

sese propere ad Oceani

dolens

lucernae

thalamo matris iacens ingemebat.

populorum

propter

filium eius, gravi vulneris dolore

salutis

iacere

rumoribus

iamque per cunctoruni

conviciisque

variis

omnem

quidem montano scortatu, tu vero marino natatu secesseritis ac per hoc non 20 voluptas ulla, non gratia, non lepos, sed incorapta et agrestia et horrida cuncta sint, non nuptiae coniugales, non amiVeneris familiam male audire, quod

citiae sociales,

non liberum

ille

caritates, sed

enormis eluvies

squalentium foederuni insuave fastidium.

Haec 25lili

ilia

verbosa et satis curiosa avis in auribus Veneris

lacerans existimationem

ganniebat.

solidum exclamat repente "Ergo iam

ille

At Venus bonus

filius

irata

mens

Prome agedum, quae sola mihi amanter, nomen eius, quae puerum ingenuum et

habet amicam aliquam? servis

investem 30

sollicitavit, sive ilia

Nympharum

populo seu

de Horarum numero seu de Musarum ohoro vel de

mearum

Gratiarum ministerio."

Nee loquax

ilia

conticuit

avis,

sed

" Nescio,"

inquit,

CUPID AND PSYCHE "

domina

dicitur

;

puto puellam

â&#x20AC;&#x201D; eum

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

probe meiuini, Psyches nomine

efflicte cujiere."

/T-^

Tunc indignata Venus exclamavit vel niaxime " Psychen ille meae formae succubani, mei nominis aemulani si vere diligit, nimirum illud incrementum lenam me putavit, cuius :

monstratu puellam illam cognosceret."

Haec quiritans properiter emergit e mari suumque proaureum thalamum petit et reperto, sicut audierat, aegroto puero iam inde a foribus quam maxime boans tinus

" Honesta," inquit, " haec et natalibus nostris

frugi congruentia, ut

primum quidem

bonaeque tuae

tuae parentis,

immo

dominae praecepta calcares nee sordidis amoribus inimicam

meam sis et

cruciares,

verum etiam hoc

aetatis

puer tuis

licentio-

immaturis iungeres amplexibus, ut ego nurum

scilicet

tolerarem inimicam ? "

Sed utique praesumis nugo

et corruptor et inamabilis te

solum generosum nee me iam per aetatem posse concipere. Velim ergo scias multo te meliorem filium alium me genituram, immo ut contumeliam niagis sentias, aliquem de meis adoptaturam vernulis eique donaturam istas pinnas et flam- 20 mas et arcum et ipsas sagittas et omnem meam supellectilem, quam tibi non ad hos usus dederam nee enim de pa;

tris tui est.

bonis ad instructionem istam quicquam concessum

Sed male prima pueritia inductus

es et acutas

manus

habes et maiores tuos irreverenter pulsasti totiens et ipsam

matrem tuam, me inquam ipsam, parricida denudas cotidie et percussisti saepius et quasi viduam utique contemnis nee vitricum tuum fortissimum ilium maximumque bellatorem metuis.

Quidni

Cui saepius in angorem mei paelieatus

puellas propinare consuesti.

Sed iam faxo

te lusus huius 30

paeniteat et sentias acidas et amaras istas nuptias. "

Sed nunc

inrisui habita quid

agam

Quo me conferam ?

LUCIUS APULEIUS

Quibus modis stelionem istum cohibeam lium ab inimica mea Sobrietate,

luxuriam offendi saepius

quam

auxi-

rusticae squalentisque femi-

nae conloquium prorsus horresco. 5

Petanme

propter huius ipsius

solacium undeunde spernendum

Nee tamen

vindictae

est.

" Ilia mihi prorsus adhibenda est nee ulla alia, quae casti-

nugonem

get asperrime

istum, faretram explicet et sagittas

dearmet, arcuui enodet, taedam deflammet, inimo et ipsum

Tuuc

corpus eius acrioribus remediis coerceat. 10

meae litatum crediderim, cum

iuiuriae

eius comas, quas istis mani-

bus meis subinde aureo nitore perstrinxi, deraserit, pinnas, quas meo gremio nectarei fontis

infeci, praetotonderit."

Sic effata foras sese proripit infesta et stomachata biles

Sed iam protiuus Ceres

Venerias. 15

luno continantur

visamque vultu tumido quaesiere, cur truci supercilio

tan-

ilia

tam venustatem micantium oculorum " Oportune,"

volentiam vestris

prorsus

Sed

vos utique

pectori

totis,

oro,

volaticam mihi

Psyclien illam fugitivam

Nee enim

meo

isto

perpetraturae venitis.

scilicet

viribus

20 requirite.

" ardenti

inquit,

coerceret.

domus meae famosa fabula

non dicendi filii mei facta latuerunt." illae non ignarae, quae gesta sunt, palpare Veneris iram saevientem sic adortae " Quid tale, domina, deliquit tuus filius, ut animo pervicaci voluptates illius impugnes et, 25 quam ille diligit, tu quidem perdere gestias ? Quod autem, et

Tunc

oramus,

isti

iguoras

eum mas(ailum

sit

anuorum,

puer 30

crimen,

tibi

ol)]ita es ?

iuvenem esse

lilii

tui lusus

Mater autem tu

ill

lonuonscj

iam quot bellule,

et praeterea

semper explorabis curiose

eo luxuriem culpabis et amores quL' (iflicias

vel certe

An, quod aetatem portat

semper videtur?

cordata mulier

puellae lepidae libenter adrisit?

iilio

et in

revinces et tuas artes tuas-

ri^prcliciulL'S

Quis autem

te,

CUPID AND PSYCHE

deum, quis hominum patietur passim cupidines populis dissemiuantem, cum tuae domus amores amare coerceas et vitiorum muliebrium publicam praecludas officinam

Sic illae metu sagittarum patrocinio gratioso Cupidiui, quamvis absenti, blandiebantur. Sed Venus indignata ri-

dicule tractari suas iniurias praeversis

illis

alterorsus con-

gradu pelago viam capessit.

cito

Interea Psyche variis iactabatur discursibus, dies noctes-

que mariti vestigationibus intenta auimo, tanto cupidior iratum tiis lenire,

Unde autem,"

nus

? "

quanto magis inquieta si

non uxoriis blaudi-10

certe servilibus precibus propitiare.

Et prospecto templo quodam "

licet,

inquit, " scio,

ardui mentis vertice

istic

meus degat domi-

quem defectum

citatum gradum,

ilico dirigit

lamque 15

prorsus adsiduis laboribus spes incitabat et votum, naviter emensis celsioribus iugis pulvinaribus

mani

sese proxi-

intulit.

/^vr5

Videt spicas frumentarias in acervo et alias

Erant

corona et spicas hordei.

mundus omnis, fusa

flexiles

et falces et operae messoriae

sed cuncta passim iacentia et incuria con- 20

Haec

ut solet aestu, laborantium manibus proiecta.

et,

singula Psyche curiose dividit et discretim remota rite

fana

caerimonias

componit, rata scilicet

nullius

neclegere se debere, sed

omnium benivolam misericordiam

dei

corrogare.

Haec eam

sollicite

seduloque

curantem

deprehendit et longum exclamat protinus

Ceres

" Ain,

alma

Psyche

Totum per orbem Venus anxia disquisitions tuum vestigium furens animi requirit teque ad extremum miseranda?

supplicium expetit et flagitat

aliud

;

totis

tu vero rerum

quicquam

numinis

sui viribus

mearum tutelam nunc

cogitas nisi de tua salute ? "

ultiouemSO geris

LUCIUS APULEIUS

Tunc Psyche pedes deae vestigia

gans

precibus

tiiugis

advoluta et

eius

humumque

editis

uberi

fletu

ri-

verrens crinibus suis mul-

veuiam postulabat

Per ego

frugiferam tuam dexteram istam deprecor, per laetificas 5

messium caerimonias, per tacita secreta cistarum et per famulorum tuorum draconum pinnata curricula et glebae Siculae sulcamina et currum rapacem et terram tenacem Proserpinae nuptiarum demeacula et et inluminarum luminosarum

lOsilentio

filiae

inventionum remeacula

Eleusinis

tegit

Atticae

Psyches animae, supplicis tuae,

carum

congeriem

patere

quoad deae tantae saeviens vel

certe

15 vallo

meae

ira spatio

quae

miserandae

Inter istam spi-

subsiste.

pauculos

vel

et cetera,

sacrarium,

dies

delitescam,

temporis mitigetur

vires diutino labore fessae quietis

inter-

leniantur."

Suscipit

commoveor

Ceres

" Tuis

opitulari

quidem lacrlmosis precibus cupio,

sed cognatae meae,

qua etiam foedus antiquum amicitiae terea

20itaque

feminae, istis

malam gratiam

colo,

bonae prae-

subire nequeo.

aedibus protinus et quod a

cum

Decede

retenta custo-

ditaque non fueris, optimi consule."

Contra spem suam

repulsa Psyche et afflicta duplici

maestitia iter retrorsum porrigens inter subsitae convallis

sublucidum lucum prospicit fanum 25

sollerti fabrica

structum

nee ullam vel dubiam spei melioris viam volens omittere, sed adire cuiuscumque dei veniam, sacratis foribus proxi-

mat.

Videt

dona

pretiosa

laciiiias

ramis arborum postibusque suffixas, quae

auro

cum

litteratas

gratia facti

nomen deae, cui fuerant dicata, testabantur. 30 Tunc geim nixa et manibus aram tepentem amplexa detersis ante lacrimis sic adprecatur " Magni lovis germana :

et coniuga, sive tu Sami, quae sola partu vagitu(iue et

ali-

CUPID AND PSYCHE monia tua

quae

meantem

vetusta delubra,

tenes

gloriatur,

Carthaginis,

91 celsae

sive

virginem vectura leonis caelo com-

prope ripas

percolit, beatas sedes frequentas, seu

iam nuptam Tonantis et reginam dearum memorat, inclitis Argivorum praesides moenibus, quam cunctus oriens Zygiam veneratur et omnis occidens Lucinam Inachij qui te

meque

appellat, sis meis extremis casibus luno Sospita

exanclatis laboribus

tantis

metu

Quod

libera.

defessam imminentis periculi

sciam, soles praegnatibus periclitantibus

ultro subvenire."

Ad Quam

tuis

vellem," inquit, " per fidem

accommodare.

meae,

non

quam

cum

filiae

nutum meum

precibus

Sed contra voluntatem Veneris, nurus

semper

Tunc etiam

sinit.

invitis

supplicanti statim sese luno

numinis augusta dignitate praesentat et protinus

totius sui

modum

istum

dilexi loco, praestare

legibus,

me pudori5

quae servos alienos perfugas

dominis vetant suscipi, prohibeor."

quoque fortunae naufragio Psyche perterrita nee

Isto

iam maritum volatilem quiens, tota spe

indipisci

deposita, sic ipsa suas cogitationes consuluit

possunt alia

salutis

Iam quae 20

meis aerumnis temptari vel adhiberi

sub-

dearum quidem, quamquam volentium, potuerunt prodesse suffragia? Quo rursum itaque tantis sidia,

cui

nee

laqueis inclusa vestigium porrigam quibusque tectis

etiam

tenebris

oculos

effugiam?

animum te

et cassae speculae renuntias fortiter et

dominae tuae reddis

impetus

eius

mitigas ?

vel

Qui

sera

illic

scias,

ultroneam

modestia saevientes

an etiam, quem diu

domo matris repperias ? " bium obsequium, immo ad certum exitium quaeritas,

vel

magnae Veneris inevitabiles 25 Quin igitur masculum tandem sumis

abscondita

Sic ad du- 30

praeparata,

principium futurae secum meditabatur obsecrationis.

LUCIUS APULEIUS

At Venus

terrenis remediis inquisitionis abnuens caelum

lubet instrui currum, quern

petit.

Vulcanus aurifex

subtili fabrica studiose poliverat et ante thalami rudi men-

turn nuptiale 5

conspicuum

munus

obtulerat, limae tenuantis det];imento

et ipsius auri

damno pretiosum. dominae stabulant, pro-

multis, quae circa cubiculum

cedunt quattuor candidae columbae et hilaris incessibus

iugum gemmeum subeunt susceptaCurrum deae prosequentes subvolant.

picta colla torquentes

que domina laetae

lOgannitu constrepenti lasciviunt passeres et ceterae, quae dulce cantitant, aves melleis modulis suave resonantes ad-

Cedunt nubes

ventum deae pronuntiant. panditur et

summus

aether

cum gaudio

Caelum

suscipit

magnae

obvias aquilas vel accipitres rapaces pertimescit 15

filiae

deam, nee

Veneris canora familia.

Tunc

se protinus

ad lovis regias arces

dirigit et petitu

superbo, Mercuri, dei vocalis, operae necessariam usuram postulat.

ovans 20

Nee

ilico,

rennuit lovis caerulum supercilium.

Tunc

comitante etiam Mercuric, Venus caelo demeat

eique sollicite serit verba

" Frater Arcadi, scis

nempe

soro-

rem tuam Venerem sine Mercuri praesentia nil unquam fecisse nee te praeterit utique, quanto iam tempore delitescentem ancillam nequiverim repperire.

quam

tuo praeconio

praemium

Nil ergo superest

investigationis publicitus

25 edicere.

Fac ergo mandatum matures

agnosci, manifeste designes, ne,

meum

et indicia, qui possit

quis occultationis illicitae

crimen subierit, ignorantiae se possit excusatione defendere " et simul dicens libellum ei porrigit, ubi Psyches nomen ;

continebatur et cetera.

Nee Mercurius

Quo

facto protinus

omisit obsequium.

populorum passim discurrens

sic

Nam

domum per

secessit.

omnium

ora

mandatae praedicationis

CUPID AND PSYCHE

munus exsequebatur

" Si quis a

fuga retrahere vel occultam

demonstrare poterit fugitivam regis

filiam,

Veneris ancillam,

nomine Psychen, conveniat retro metas Murtias Mercurium praedicatorem, accepturus indicivae nomine ab ipsa Venere septem savia suavia

unum

blandientis adpulsu linguae 5

longe mellitum."

Ad hunc modum

pronuntiante Mercurio tanti praemii

omnium mortalium studium adrexerat. nunc vel maxime sustulit Psyches omnem cuncta-

cupido certatim

Quae

res

lamque

tionem.

fores ei

dominae proximanti occurrit una

de famulitione Veneris nomine Consuetudo statimque, quan-

tum maxime potuit, exclamat " Tandem, ancilla nequissima, dominam habere te scire coepisti? An pro cetera morum :

tuorum temeritate istud quoque nescire

te fingis,

labores circa tuas inquisitiones sustinuerimus ?

quod meas potissimum manus iam ipsos

quantos

Sed bene,

incidisti et inter Orci cancros

actutum tantae contumaciae

haesisti datura scilicet

poenas," et audaciter in capillos eius inmissa

manu

eam nequaquam renitentem. Quam ubi primum inductam oblatamque

sibi

trahebat

conspexit20

Venus, latissimum cachinnum extollit et qualem solent furenter

teram " tare ?

irati,

caputque quatiens et ascalpens aurem dex-

Tandem,"

inquit, " dignata es

potius

intervisere venisti ?

bonam nurum

socrum tuam

Sed esto secura, iam enim excipiam condecet "

;

" Sollicitudo atque Tristities, ancillae

Ubi sunt," meae ? "

Quibus intro vocatis torquendam tradidit eam. sequentes

erile

praeceptum

Psychen

misellam

Tunc rursus sublato

ecce," inquit, " nobis turgidi ventris sui

te, 25

inquit,

illae

flagellis

dominae 30 Venus *'Et lenocinio commovet

afflictam et ceteris tormentis excruciatam iterum

conspectui redduut.

salu-

maritum, qui tuo vulnere periclitatur,

risu

LUCIUS APULEIUS

miserationem, unde

vocabor avia et

Quanquam 5

aviam

beatam

Felix vero ego, quae in ipso aetatis meae

scilicet faciat.

flore

subole

praeclara

vilis ancillae filius

nepos Veneris audiet.

inepta ego frustra filium dicam; impares enim

nuptiae et praeterea in villa sine testil)us et patre non consentiente factae, legitimae non possunt videri ac per hoc

spurius iste nascetur,

tamen partum omnino perferre

patiemur."

vestemque plurifariam

diloricat

capilloque discisso et capite conquassato graviter

affligit et

His 10

editis involat earn

accepto frumento et hordeo et milio et papavere et cicere et lente et faba commixtisque acervatim confusis

grumulum

sic

ad illam

ancilla nullo alio, sed 15

tuos promereri

unum

enim mihi tam deformis

tantum sedulo ministerio amatores

iam ergo

;

" Videris

et ipsa f rugem

tuam

periclitabor.

Discerne seminum istorum passivam congeriem singulisque granis rite dispositis atque seiugatis ante istam vesperam

opus expeditum approbato mihi."

seminum cumulo ipsa cenae nupNee Psyche manus admolitur inconditae illi

Sic assignato tantorum 20 tiali concessit.

et inextricabili moli, sed silens obstupescit.

immanitate praecepti consternata

Tunc formicula

ilia

parvula atque ruri-

cola, certa difficultatis tantae laborisque,

nalis

magni

dei

miserta contuber-

socrusque saevitiam execrata, discurrens

26naviter convocat corrogatque cunctam formicarum accolarum classem " Miseremini terrae omniparentis agiles alum:

nae, miseremini et Amoris uxori, puelhie lepidae, periclitanti

prompta

velocitate succurrite."

Ruunt aliae superque aliae sepedum populorum undae SOsummoque studio singulae granatin! totum digerunt acervum separatimque distributis dissitisque generibus e conspectu perniciter abeunt.

CUPID AND PSYCHE Sed

e convivio nuptiali vino madens et Venus remeat totumque revincta corpus

noctis

initio

fraglans balsama

" Non rosis micantibus visaque diligentia miri laboris tuum," inquit, " nequissima, nee tuarum manuum istud :

opus, sed

cui tuo,

illius,

immo

malo placuisti

et ipsius

et frusto cibarii panis ei proiecto cubitum facessit.

;

In-

terim Cupido solus interioris domus unici cubiculi custodia coercebatur acriter, partim ne petulanti luxurie

clausus

vulnus gravaret, partim ne

cum sua

cupita conveniret.

Sic

ergo distentis et sub nno tecto separatis amatoribus tetraio

nox exanclata.

commodum

Sed Aurora

Venus

infit talia.

terluenti

inequitante

vocatae

" Videsne illud nemus,

ripisque

attenditur,

longis

vicinum fontem despiciunt

Oves

quod

fluvio prae-

imi

cuius

ibi nitentes

Psychae gurgites

aurique co- 15

Inde de coma

lore florentes incustodito pastu vagantur.

quoquo modo quae-

pretiosi velleris floccum mihi confestim

situm afferas censeo." Perrexit Psyche volenter non obsequium functura, sed requiem habitura.

malorum

Sed inde de

fluvio

quidem

ilia

praecipitio fluvialis rupis 20

musicae suavis nutricula

leni crepitu dulcis aurae divinitus inspirata sic vaticinatur

arundo

viridis

" Psyche, tantis aerumnis exercita, neque

tua miserrima morte meas sanctas aquas polluas nee vero istud horae contra formidabiles oves f eras aditum, quoad de 25 solis fraglantia

mutuatae calorem truci rabie solent

cornuque acuto et fronte saxea

morsibus in exitium saevire mortalium solis sedaverit

vaporem

conquieverint, poteris sub

mecum

simul

cum primum

unum

;

pecua spiritus ilia

fluentum

efferi

non nunquam venenatis sed

dum

meridies

fluvialis serenitate

procerissima platano, quae 30

bibit, latenter

abscondere.

mitigata furia laxaverint oves animum, per-

LUCIUS APULEIUS

cussis frondibus attigui nemoris

lanosum aurum repperies,

quod passim stirpibus convexis obhaerescit." Sic arundo simplex et humana Psychen salutem suam docebat. 5

genter instructa trina

ilia

auscultatu inpaenitendo

cessavit, sed observatis

flaventis

facili

Nee auri

aegerrimam

congestum

mollitie

dili-

omnibus furagremiura

Veneri reportat.

Nee tamen apud dominam saltem secundi laboris periculum secundum testimonium meruit, sed contortis suj^erciliis " Nee me praeterit huius 10 subridens amarum sic inquit :

quoque

periclitabor sis

Sed iam nunc ego sedulo

facti auctor adulterinus.

an oppido

forti

animo singularique prudentia

Videsne insistentem

praedita.

celsissimae

montis ardui verticem, de quo fontis 15

undae proxumaeque conceptaculo

inclusae

vallis

inrigant paludes et rauca Cocyti fluenta nutriunt ?

mihi de

summi

hauritum

fontis penita scaturrigiue

ista confestim defer urnula."

dedolatum

vasculum,

insuper

rupi

illi

atri fuscae defluunt

Stygias

Indidem

rorem rigentem

Sic aiens crustallo

graviora

comminata,

20 tradidit.

At ilia studiose gradum celerans montis extremum petit tumulum certe vel illic inventura vitae pessimae finem. Sed cum primum praedicti iugi conterminos locos appulit, videt Namque saxum immani rei vastae letalem difficultatem. 25

magnitudine procerum et inaccessa salebritate lubricum mediis e faucibus lapidis fontes horridos evomebat, qui statim proni foraminis lacunis editi perque proclive delapsi et angusti canalis exarato contecti tramite

proxumam

con-

vallem latenter incidebant. 30

Dextra laevaque cautibus cavatis proserpunt colla

i)orrecti

addictis et in

longa

saevi dracones inconivae vigiliae luminibus

perpetuam lucem pupulis excubantibus.

Iam-

CUPID AND PSYCHE

Nam

que "

et ipsae semet muniebant vocales aquae. Discede " et " quid facis ? vide " et " quid agis

et " fuge " et " peribis " subinde clamant.

tate ipsa

Cave "

Sic impossibili-

mutata in lapidem Psyche, quamvis praesenti

corpore, sensibus

tamen aberat

et inextricabilis periculi

mole

prorsus obruta lacrumarum etiam extreme solacio carebat.

Nee Providentiae bonae graves latuit

Nam

aerumna.

oculos innocentis animae

sujjremi lovis regalis ales

ilia

propansis utrimque pinuis affuit rapax aquila

quo ducto Cupidinis lovi pocillatorem Fry-lO

veteris obsequii,

gium

repente

memorque

substulerat,

oportunam ferens opem deique numen

in uxoris laboribus percolens alti culminis diales vias deserit et

ob OS puellae praevolans incipit

quin et expers rerum talium, sperasne

tu,

simplex

te sanctissimi

minus truculenti fontis vel unam stillam posse furari

omnino contingere aquas

alio-

nee vel 15

Diis etiam ipsique lovi f ormidabiles

istas Stygias vel

fando comperisti, quodque vos de-

per numiua deorum, deos per Stygis maiestatem

ieratis

solere ?

Sed cedo istam urnulam

complexamque

festinat

" et protinus

libratisque

adreptam

pinnarum nutantium20

molibus inter genas saevientium dentium et trisulca vibra-

mina draconum remigium dextra laevaque porrigens lentes

aquas

et,

ut abiret innoxius, praestantes

commentus ob iussum Veneris petere eique trare,

quare paulo f acilor adeundi fuit copia.

cum gaudio plenam urnulam Psyche Veneri

vo-

excipit,

se praeminis-

Sic acceptam 25 citata rettulit.

Nee tamen nutum deae saevientis vel tunc expiare potuit. sic eam maiora atcj^ue peiora fiagitia comniinans ap" lam tu quidem magna videris pellat renidens exitiabile quaedam mihi et alta prorsus maletica, quae talibus prae-30 ceptis meis obtemperasti naviter. Sed adhuc istud, mea pupula, ministrare debebis. Sume istam pyxidem," et

Nam

LUCIUS APULEIUS

98 dedit

;

" protinus usque ad

inferos et ipsius Orel ferales

Tunc conferen pyxidem Proserpinae Venus,' dicito, modicum de tua mittas ei for-

penates te derige. *

Petit de te

unam

monsitate vel ad 5

quod habuit,

dum

filium curat aegrotum, consumpsit atque

Sed baud immaturius

omne.'

contrivit

Nam

saltem dieculam sufficiens.

redito,

quia

deorum frequentare." maxime sensit ultimas fortunas suas et ad promptum exitium sese eompelli mani-

necesse est indidem delitam theatrum

Tunc Psyche

vel

velamento reiecto 10 feste

comperit.

Quidni

Quae

suis pedibus ultro

tarum manesque commeare cogeretur.

quampiam turrim praealtam, indidem

pergit ad

praecipitem

;

sic

ad Tar-

Nee cunctata diutius sese datura

enim rebatur ad inferos recte atque pul-

cherrime se posse descendere. 15

Sed

turris

prorumpit in vocem subitam

et,

Quid

inquit, " praecipitem, o misella, quaeris extinguere ?

que iam novissimo periculo laborique

Nam

isto

te/'

Quid-

temere succumbis ?

spiritus corpore tuo semel fuerit seiugatus, ibis

quidem profecto ad imum Tartarum, sed inde nullo pacto Mihi ausculta. Lacedaemo Achaiae nobilis 20 redire poteris. civitas non longe sita est liuius conterminam deviis abdi;

tam

locis

quaere Taenarum.

Inibi spiraculum Ditis, et per

portas hiantes monstratur iter invium, cui te limine trans-

meato simul commiseris, iam canale directo perges ad ipsam Sed non hactenus vacua debebis per illas Orci regiam. tenebras

incedere, sed offas polentae mulso concretas

babus gestare manibus, at in ipso ore duas ferre "

lamque confecta bona parte mortiferae

clauduin

asiiiuiii

:JOte rogabit,

sed

cum

til

am-

stipes.

viae continaberis

lignonun gerulum cum agasone

qui

simili,

dccidentis sarciuae fusticulos aliciuos porrigas

nulla voc(! dc.proinijta tacita

ad flumcu nioiluuiu

prat't(n'it().

veiiies, cui })ra('rc!('tus

ei,

Nee mora, Charon, pro-

CUPID AND PSYCHE tenus expetens portorium, sic

cumba deducit commeautes. vivit nee

Charon

ille

;id

Ergo

99 iilteriorein

rii)aiii

et inter

sutili

mortuos avaritia

quicquam

vel Ditis pater, tantus deus,

gratuito facit, set moriens pauper viaticum debet quaerere

manu non

et aes si forte prae

Huic squalido

patietur.

quas

feres, alteram,

sumat

nemo eum

fuerit,

seni dabis nauli

nomine de

manu de

tamen, ut ipse sua

sic

expirare

tuo

ore.

"Nee

pigrum fluentum transmeanti quidam supernatans senex mortuus putris adtollens manus orabit,

eum

setius tibi

navigium trahas, nee tu tamen

intra

Transito fluvio

tare pietate. trices

vel "

tibi

te progressara tex-

Nee putes

alia

lux

namque

est.

Nam

haec

de Veneris insidiis orientur, ut

omittas offulam.

futile istud

perdita,

contingere fas

tibi

multa

unam de manibus

enim

modicum

inlicita adflec-

orabunt anus telam struentes manus paulisper accom-

modes, nee id tamen

omnia

stipibus,

haec

polentacium tibi

damnum

leve

;

altera

prorsus denegabitur.

Canis

praegrandis, teriugo et satis amplo capite praeditus,

immanis

et f ormidabilis, tonantibus oblatrans faucibus

tuos, quibus

iam

nil

mor- 20

mali potest facere, frustra territando

ante ipsum limen et atra atria Proserpinae semper excubans servat

vacuam

Ditis

serpinam

introibis,

quae

et molliter assidere et

Sed tu

humi

Hunc

domum.

offulae praeda facile praeteribis te

offrenatum

unius

ad ipsamque protinus Pro-

comiter excipiet ac benigne, ut25

prandium opipare suadeat sumere.

reside et

panem sordidum petitum

esto,

deinde nuntiato, quid adveneris, susceptoque quod offeretur rursus remeans canis saevitiam offula reliqua redime ac

deinde avaro navitae data,

quam

reservaveras, stipe tran-30

sitoque eius fluvio, recolens priora vestigia ad istum caeles-

tium

siderum

redies

chorum,

Sed

inter

omnia

hoc

LUCIUS APULEIUS

100

tibi

censeo ne velis aperire vel

feres,

pyxidein vel omnino divinae

observandum praecipue inspicere illam,

quam

formonsitatis abdituni scrutari curiosiiis thensaurum." Sic turris ilia prospicua vaticinationis niunus explicuit. 5

Nee morata Psyche bus

illis

et offulis

pergit

Taenarum sumptisque

rite stipi-

infernum decurrit meatum transitoque

per silentium asinario debili et amnica stipe vectori data, neglecto supernatantis mortui desiderio et spretis textricum subdolis precibus et offulae cibo sopita canis horrenda rabie 10

dornuni Proserpinae penetrat.

Nee

offerentis hospitae sedile delicatum vel

cibum beatum

amplexa, sed ante pedes eius residens humilis cibario pane contenta Veneriam pertulit legationem.

Statimque secreto

repletam conclusamque pyxidem suscipit et otfulae sequentis 15 f raude

caninis latratibus obseratis residuaque navitae red-

dita stipe longe vegetior ab inferis recurrit.

Et repetita

atque adorata Candida ista luce, quanquam festinans obse-

quium terminare, mentem capitur temeraria

curiositate et

" Ecce," inquit, " inepta ego divinae formonsitatis gerula, 20

quae nee tautillum quidem indidem amatori

ineo

milii delibo vel sic

illi

formonso placitura," et cum dicto reserat

pyxidem.

Nee quicquam ibi rerum nee formonsitas ulla, sed infernus somnus ac vere Stygius, qui statim coperculo revelatus 25 invadit earn crassaque soporis nebula cunctis eius membris perfunditur et in ipso vestigio ipsaque semita conlapsam possidet.

Et iacebat immobilis

ct nihil aliud

quam dormiens

cadaver.

Sed Cupido iam 30

cicatrice solida revalescens nee

diutinam

suae Psyches absentiam tolerans per altissimam cubiculi,

quo cohibebatur, elapsus fenestrain quanta quiete longe velocius

refectiscjue peunis ali-

provolaus Psychen accurrit

CUPID AND PSYCHE

suam detersoque somno

curiose

101

rursum

pristinam

pyxidis sedem recondito Psychen iunoxio punctulo sagittae

suae suscitat et " Ecce," inquit,

matris meae praecepto mandata

cetera egomet videro." se

rursum perieras, misella,

Sed interim quidem tu provinciam, quae

simili curiositate. tibi

His

dictis

est,

exsequere naviter,

amator

levis in pinnas

Psyche vero confestim Veneri munus reportat

dedit,

Proserpinae.

Interea Cupido amore nimio peresus et aegra facie, matris

suae repentinam sobrietatem pertimescens, ad armillum redit alisque pernicibus caeli penetrate vertice

magno

lovi sup-

suamque causam probat. Tunc luppiter prehensa Cupidinis buccula manuque ad os suum relata consaviat atque sic ad ilium " Licet tu," inquit, " domine fili, numquam mihi concessu deum decretum serva- 15 ris honorem, sed istud pectus meum, quo leges elenientorum plicat

et vices

siderum disponuutur, convulneraris assiduis ictibus

crebrisque terrenae libidinis foedaveris casibus contraque leges et

ipsam luliam disciplinamque publicam turpibus

adulteriis existimationem

famamque meam

laeseris in ser-20

pentes, in ignes, in feras, in aves et gregalia pecua serenos

vultus meos sordide reformando, at tamen modestiae

memor quodque proficiam,

nunc

beneficii

inter

dum tamen terris

istas

scias

meas manus

aemulos tuos cavere

puella praepollet pulcritudine,

vicem per eam mihi repensare

Sic fatus

iubet

meae

creveris, cuneta ac, si

qua

praesentis25

te debere."

Mercurium deos omnes ad contionem

protinus convocare ac,

qui coetu caelestium defuisset, in

poenam decern milium nummum conventum iri pronuntiare. Quo metu statim completo caelesti theatro pro sede sublimi 30 sedens procerus luppiter sic enuntiat " Dei conscripti Mu:

sarum

albo, adolescentem istum

quod manibus meis alum-

;

102

LUCIUS APULEIUS

natus sim, profecto

scitis

caloratos impetus f reno est

eum

cotidianis

fabulis

ruptelas infamatum.

virginitate privavit

Cuius primae inventutis

ob adulteria

suis

;

cunctasque

sat cor-

Tollenda est omnis occasio et luxuria

nuptialibus pedicis alliganda.

5 puerilis

semper

omnes.

quodam coercendos existimavi

teneat, possideat,

;

Puellam

elegit et

amplexus Psychen

amoribus perfruatur."

Et ad Venerem conlata facie "Nee tu," inquit, "filia, quicquam contristere nee prosapiae tantae tuae statuque de matrimonio mortali metuas, lam faxo nuptias non impares, sed legitimas et iure arripi

Psychen

civili

et in

ilico

per Mercurium

iubet.

Porrecto am-

congruas," et

caelum perduci

brosiae poculo " Sume," inquit, " Psyche, et immortalis esto

nee 15

umquam

digredietur a tuo nexu Cupido, sed istae vobis

erunt perpetuae nuptiae."

Nee mora, cum cena

summum

cumbebat complexus.

Sic et

Ac-

nuptialis affluens exhibetur.

torum maritus, Psychen gremio suo

cum

sua lunone luppiter ac deinde per

Tunc poculum nectaris, quod vinum 20deorum est, lovi quidem suus pocillator ille rusticus puer, ceteris vero Liber ministrabat, Vulcanus cenam coquebat Horae rosis et ceteris floribus purpurabant omnia, Gratiae spargebant balsama, Musae quoque canora personabant Apollo cantavit ad citharam, Venus suavi musicae suppari ordinem

toti

dei.

25gressu formonsa saltavit, scaena sibi

Musae quidem chorum canerent aut et Paniscus

manum

sic

ad fistulam dicerent.

Sic rite

Cupidinis et nascitur

illis

quam Voluptatem nominamus.

concinnata,

tibias inflarent,

Saturus

Psyche convenit

maturo partu

filia,

NOTES

ABBREVIATIONS Apol.

Apuleius' Apologia.

Apul. Met.

Apuleius' Metamor-

phoses. c.

cf.

= chapter, = compare.

Cic. Topica etc. i.e.

= and = that

Her. Epist.

Cicero's Topica.

= Horace's Odes. = Une. p. = page. PL Capt. â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Plautus' Captivi. Sal. Jug. = Sallust's Jugurtha. sc. = supply, Hor. Od.

so forth.

seq. -=

is.

Suet.

Horace's Epistles.

and following. Tit.

Titus.

Suetonius' Life of

NOTES TALE OF ARISTOMENES

(Apuleius, Metamorphoses^

Page

cuiatis

6-19.)

sim

archaic for cuias.

by a couimercial

to Lucius

the stoiy

narrated

traveller (see Introduction, p. xxviii) as they

are travelling together to Thessaly. 3.

cauponarum

caupona

Comperto

ablative absolute

The buyer purchased

a retail shop.

them

these commodities wholesale to resell

at retail.

the substantive

;

the following in-

finitive clause.

distrabi

" be disposed of "

The verb here has

the general

mean-

ing of "sell," not the specific meaning, "sell at retail." 7.

praestiiiatunis

negotiator magnariua

11.

commodum

13.

palliastro

praestinare :

ante- and post-classical for eniere.

" wholesale

"ragged cloak."

dealer.

"just, " adverb modifying one?iie.

Apuleian

;

note the force of the

termination -astrum. 14. decermina "outcasts"; plucked from the living plant. :

"judge" the word captivitatem " blindness "

20. iuridici 22.

literally,

;

cf.

dead leaves

or branches

used in the Digests of Justinian. the common phrases, capi oculis,

auribus, rnembris, etc.

Page 2. 1. suis sibi sibi emphasizes the possessive adjective pronoun suis ; "by her own parents." She is forced by her parents to change the sorrow of the family to joy, by a new marriage. 2. cum Bummo dedecore nostro that is, for allowing him to be in :

such a plight. 3.

ignorant. 5. 6.

the emphatic particle equivalent to

" his patchwork robe. sutili centunculo ab umbilico pube tenua freely, " from

are indeed

prepositional phrase modilies cetera corporis.

11.

immo ; "you

diutius

"still further."

105

the waist down. "

The

NOTES

106 12.

sequatur

effeci

may

efficio

[Page

be followed by a

in classical prose

substantive clause of purpose or result.

only in poetry, however,

It is

laciniis post-classical for vestibus. may be omitted. quod unctui quod tersui datives of purpose supply erat.

that the ut

14.

;

curato ablative absolute for the normal curatum. scitum etiam cavillum 18. adlubentia Apuleian for voluntas. 15.

"clever raillery too."

intimida

19.

this adjective does

not occur elsewhere

;

cf.

adverb

intimide.

23.

secundum: "

in pursuit

of"

"following"

;

equivalent here to

;

propter.

24.

mense decimo ibidem attentus

"after being detained there

ten months."

25. modico prius sc. tempore; " just before." "en passant." obiturus 26. per transitum "to visit " or "to vie w. :

29.

32.

admodum scitulam " quite attractive. nimis quam the intensive adverb for

may mean

either

the

classical

perquam,

nimis being in this sense archaic.

"from the very time that I was 1. ut cum ilia adquievi by her." " as a result of this one meeting." 2. ab unico congressu " earnings," post-classical. 4. operulas saccarius, "ones who carrie sacks"; saccaria, the 5. saccariam labor itself. The latter is found only here and is probably an adjective Page

entertained

with

ellipsis of ars.

10.

scortum scorteum

Scorteum, "like " leather."

note play on woi-ds, "wrinkled harlot."

leather";

post-classical

cf.

meaning

scortum,

digitum a pollice proximum also known as the index or saluThe next finger is known as the medlus ; the i-ing finger was called minimo proxtmus or medicinalis. 12. circumspiciens tutamenta sermonis " looking around to see 11.

taris.

was safe

15.

ain

tandem

16.

quid mulieris aulaeum Ihe

whether

21.

to :

speak."

" What do you mean, pray "what kind of wonuui? "

ain

large

aisne

curtain of the stage

;

siparium, the small

curtain raised between the scenes.

22.

cedo

imperative.

"speak";

literally,

"here,"

"give."

archaic

Page

TALE OF ARISTOMENES

107

25. Aethiopes utrique :" both tribes of the Aethiopians." Aethiopia was divided into eastern and western. Cf. Hor. Od. 2, 2, 11, uterque

Poenus.

Anticthones way people.

26. of the

"antipodes."

She could influence the most out

"trifles";

folia:

practically

synonymous with

nugae.

adventorea

30.

"customers."

roncis

"croakings";

also

spelled rhonchis.

de foro

31.

Page

struction.

prepositional phrase modifying

nocerentur

Hor.

Cf.

" a lawyer."

aliuiyi,

note the very rare personal passive con-

publicitus

Epiiit. 1, 5, 21.

ante- and post-clas-

sical iov puhlice.

die altera meaning after the deliberation. virtutibus "by the efficacy " or " potency." 5. iinius dieculae indutiis "truce of one short day" the time Medea was allowed by Creon to remain, after he had decided to send her away. according to one account the consuming poison was 6. coronalibus smeared on the bride's crown according to another, upon her robe. " on," that is, " over a trench." 7. in scrobem 2.

;

suis sibi

numinum

see note, p. 2,

that

15.

coetus

20.

novo hospiti

illius

i.e.

nether divinities she invoked.

of those

i.e.

of the

is,

who had condemned

her.

for the occupant of the house she

ing off and consequently for the house

was carry-

itself.

27. noctis antelucio antelucio is an adverb noctis a genitive depending thereon " that part of night just before dawn." 32. grabatulo adgesto " drawing up and propping my bed well against the door." :

;

Page 3.

eum me

super

commodum

quieveram

recipio :

had

stretched myself

just

gone to sleep."

upon

it."

10. tunc provenire " I then experienced that not uncommon revulsion of feeling " naturalitus post-classical for naturaliter. .

;

13.

testudo factus

19.

Catamitus

the bed formed his shell, as

the Latin transliteration of

were.

Ganymede.

28. sero "too late," as usual. The passage, however, well brings out the real meaning of sero, " late " rather than " too late," for she adds :

immo

statim,

immo

vero

iam nunc.

NOTES

108 quatior

32.

"my

very

vitals

[Page 5

quake with fear"; middle force

passive

Page

reapse

16. rebiilliret

"in fact."

as active verb.

transeaa " see to it that thou, born in the sea, crosseth 18. cave. no running stream." 21. resurgunt they had been knocked down. resident: "settle It will be remembered that the cardo was a peg-andinto the sockets." socket arrangement. "bars." pessuli "pin.s." 22. repagula 26. Quid me fiet me, it will be remembered, is ablative in this idiom. 28. proclamares saltern suppetiatum " at least you should have .

Sujypetiatum

called for aid."

word.

classical style the

the supine of suppetior, an Apuleian

supine in urn

restricted to its ordinary use

formed with dare, nuptum, venum, pessuin. vel propter indicium abstract for concrete. 31. crudelitas

and

to the phrases

"even

being 32. illo

tion,

Page

testimony to the crime."

to bear felt :

i.e.

in double construc-

also.

ad mortem.

replicabam

with arbitro

adverb,

Sceleris

more commonly volveham ;

post-classical in

this sense. 2.

anteluculo

licet

vis

;

adverb

equivalent to

;

antelncio, p. 4,

cf.

quamquam

27.

or in post-Ciceronian Latin

quam-

to be construed with trepido vestigia.

subdita clavi

"inserting the key "

neath, becaiLse one form of the

;

literally,

Roman key

placing the key be-

hook which where the robber

consisted of a

caught the bolt and raised or shot it. Cf. p. 20, 1. uses his arm in place of a clavis. "tavern," as frequently. 8. stabuli in the sense of blockhead. 13. cucurbitae

17,

the Greek term

Cf.

apocnlori/ntdsis used of Claudius.

15. de its

summa

pauperie

the use of the preposition, approximating

use in the Koniaufi' lani^Miagcs,

19.

convectore

'â&#x20AC;˘ :

noteworthy.

Icilow-lravcllcr

'' ;

cf.

use of verb reho, both in

active and passivi^ coiistructioii.

20. fugae mandes praesidium "you are .seeking " entrusting .safety to flight." :

.safety in flight"

literally,

23.

esurientem

the transitive use of this verb

rather rare.

;

Page

DIOPHANES THE CHALDEAN

11]

Page

intextus

meshes

this refers to the

109

of rope

which served

the purpose of the inoderii spring.

obdita "fastened." sublimatus ante- and 12. exerte equivalent to

post-classical for sublimis.

ciare.

"notwithstanding my exhaustion." had drenched Aristomenes with refuse.

18.

marcidum alioquin

23.

odore

the witches

a purely poetic word. 1. iubaris 9. arbitrabar "viewed " ante- and post-classical meaning. " have had awful dreams. 4. extrema somniasti " affirm " ante-classical. 8. autumant

Page

;

14.

;

iugulum istum

doleo with accusative of part affected

a late

Genua, 1. 16, is a similar construction. 23. vitalis color turbaverat " he had become deadly pale." commeantium the great number as well 28. crebritas

Latin construction.

same direction." 30. satis detruncaverat " had well punished the food."

those travelling in the

radices

32.

Page

10.

accusative following longe.

;

colorem

but

tive of specification,

explere

cf.

the ordinary construction would be abla-

the classical in altitudinem.

middle with reiiexive force.

Epist. 53, 1, Livius lacteo eloquentiae fonte 4.

oppertus

poculum "a drink." patorem "gap"; post-classical.

note the spelling

;

lacteo

"pure";

Hieron.

manans.

from opperior, not

operlo.

cernuat ante- and post-classical iov praecipltatur. 13. sempiterna adverb a poetical use of the neuter

10.

;

plural of the

adjective.

16.

ultroneum

II.

late

Latin for voluntarium.

DIOPHANES THE CHALDEAN

(Apuleius, Metamorphoses,

Page

11.

Nam

the following tale

II,

13-14.) related

Lucius by his

Thessalian host, Milo. 2.

donaret

astrologer, of

is Diophanes, a Chaldean or Lucius and Milo have been speaking.

the subject of the verb

whom

NOTES

110

[Page

electum destinasset " had selected and determined." centum denarium centum is here vLsed as an indeclinable noun, a construction seemingly not mentioned by the grammars. The earlier genitive form denarium is more common than denariorum. The same is 4.

true of the genitive form 7.

lacinia

13.

Quam olim Commodum

18.

necdum suus

11.

12.

" hovp long ago

19. incidant

nummum.

note, p. 2,

cf.

.see

note, p. 5,

" not yet quite himself."

the classical construction requires in and the accusa-

tive, or the dative.

regimine

21.

poetical for gubernaculo.

Page 12. 4. mercedi destinaverat " had intended to pay." " around about " only found in Apuleius. 7. circumsecuB :

;

TELYPHRON'S TALE OF THE WITCHES

III.

(Apuleius, Metamorphoses,

Page

Pupillus

13.

he VFas

II,

21-30.)

ego Telyphron

a minor.

still

the following tale at the request of Byrrena, a lady

who

tells

entertaining

Lucius at an elaborate dinner party. 2. provinciae Achaea. :

fuscis avibus

the adjectives malus or sinister are

more commonly

used in this connection. 5.

omenta

8. liceretur

"remediess." " make a bid," from

10.

oppido

11.

Thessaliae

liceor.

the colloquial adverb. :

locative

;

a poetical use.

demorsicant Apuleian for demordent. 13. Bupplementa "ingredients." 15. perpetem perpes is ante- and post-classical

12.

16.

exertis

Page 14. 3. 5. desecto 8.

cedo

qui

for the

liere

deponentur

.si

quis.

22.

construed as noun, a construction generally restricted

post-classical :

more common

ablative of instrument with sarcire.

see note, p. 3,

Mille ;ii)t,cand

si :

for perpetuus.

Apuleian for apertis.

Latin

will be set aside."

;

for

nummum

see note, p. 11,

Page

16]

TELYPHRON'S TALE OF THE WITCHES

14.

oculeum

23.

quam

adjective agreeing with

expergite

111

hominem.

how wide awake,"

introducing an indirect

question.

24. corollarium 26.

sic placito

29.

fleto

"gratuity." " with this understanding"

ablative absolute

cf . note, p. 2,

;

30. concepta de industria words are quoted below.

Page

ablative absolute.

;

15.

"carefully formulated";

the exact

7. calida so. aqua. 15. discus " a plate," late Latin. 10. partes equivalent to reliquiae cenarum. totiugis from totiugus, " so many," an Apuleian word. 16. ad cadaveris solacium " to keep the corpse company." "deeper night when all men are asleep." 19. concubia altiora nox intempesta " the dead of night." 20. oppido modifying cumulatior with the force of multo ; cf. note, :

â&#x20AC;˘.

p. 13,

"the

10.

nostri

25.

effect of

for the

vim praesentariam

more usual nostrum.

strength."

27. exterminatur

"banishes

itself

from the room," with middle

force.

quis

30.

Page

for the

16.

more exact

commodum

uter.

see note, p. 5,

expergitus the word used in ordinary prose is experrectus. 4. quae cuncta convenerant this claase, mistranslated in our opinion by Butler and in the Loeb Library, means "all of which had been agreed upon," or, more freely, " with reference to all of which the agreement had been made," that is, in the presence of the witnesses; cf. the enumeration on p. 14, 1. 31, seq. 2.

actorem

14.

" steward."

in aureos

the classical construction would be ablative of cause,

influenced by the preceding in gaudium ventilabam " was jingling."

but

;

cf.

note, p. 7,

15.

attonitus

23.

Adonei

cal

" beside myself."

Helm

bard of I'inipla "

31.

genialem

;

reads Aonii.

Orpheus

"luxuriant."

musici vatis Pipleii

meant.

"the musi-

NOTES

112 Page

11. parvuloa 17. postliminiQ mortis:

18.

ablative in the sense p. 74,

"gamins."

"after death"; postllminio as adverbial

"after" or "again"

Apuleian

cf.

note,

"his

feet

;

pedesque

19.

[Page

Greek

with

accusative

inductum;

covered."

bazeis

20.

sandal

rare ante-

and

adusque

solea.

post-classical

adverb

word

for a kind of

modifying

deraso

;

woven

"entirely

shaved."

adyta Coptica the shrine of Isis at Coptos. arcana Memphytica "the mysteries of Memphis." Phariaca " the sistra of Pharos." 32. obversus obversus with simple accusative is Apuleian. 25.

26.

sistra

Page

18.

venerabilis scaenae facie

" by

tlic

theatrical

im-

pressiveness of the act."

lapidem

ablative

the accasative with insisto in place of the dative or the

poetic.

arbitrabar

"was observing"

salubris vena pulsari sive

;

" the pulse of

ante- and post-classical meaning. life

began to beat "

;

for the pas-

the expression venae nioventur.

cf.

momentariae

post-classical for 6rer is.

17. adorat archaic for alloquitur. addictus a legal " bound over to," "given over to." 18. mancipavl also a legal term, " gave into the hand." :

term,

19.

praesentem audaciam

20.

altercat

24. distinxit

exertam

" ever ready audacity."

ante- and post-classical for aliercatur. " ended " in this sense Apuleian. ;

1. 16. cantatricea Apuleian exuviis " the garb of flesh which I had cast off." "having repeatedly changed 30. reformatae saepius

29.

sense.

cf.

note, p. 12,

forms." for simple quam. 1. quam dum 19. ultroneua ('(juivalciit here to the cla.ssical ultro. convenirent the Helm text reads convenisscnt. ut

Page 6. 9.

11.

in this

examussim

modifies acIpZicani; " lifted perfectly to him.

their

Page

;

THE ROBBER'S TALE

22]

(Apuleiiis,

20.

Metamorphoses, IV, 9-21.)

accessimus

118

THE ROBBERS TALE

IV.

Page member

the following story

which

of a robber band,

narrated

by a

after a rather unsucce.ssful venture in

Boeotia has returned and joined in their lair the band which had captured Lucius, who .stands by and hears the following account. heptapylos a Greek word " of the .seven gates." :

;

munerum publicorum

"public games."

incubabat the accusative with the verb 11. Nee mora, cum: "immediately"; a 8.

Apuleian.

favorite

with

expres.sion

Apuleius.

12. the

praestolamur

16.

with the dative case and the force of j)racsto esse

archaic.

u.se is

clavi

immittendae foramen

see note, p.

note how in Apuleius the meaning of gestiebat proaches that of an intensified conabatur.

17. 19.

stract

22.

gradum and

obnixum silentium

this

verb ap-

note the collocation of the ab-

conci-ete, in the style of Tacitus.

patibulatum

"crucified"; archaic.

Page 21. 3. confinio a favorite word with Apuleius, for vicinitas. suppetiatum .see note, p. 0, 1. 28. " of being caught ourselves." 4. opprimendi nostri prepositional phrase modifying remedium ; 5. e re nata that arose :

'â&#x20AC;˘

from the necessity," or " as the circumstances required." " carefullj^ directed. 8. temperato :

11.

religionis

tumultu

" perturbation

aroused

by our ob-

ligation."

18.

supervivere

rhetorical question in indirect discour.se

;

hence

infinitive.

20.

spontale

27.

minus saevTim adducere

fortune"

j/itnus,

;

post-classical for voluntarium. :

" to draw a more kindly nod from

the reading of Bluemner, for the meaningless eum,

adopted.

Page 22. astu

11.

5. :

paupertinas

ante- and post-classical ior pauperes.

sc. (tnus.

certus erroris

" informed

of his mistake.

NOTES

114

[Page 22

the usual meaning of the word is "stunned." 16: attonitum seems here to have the meaning of " absorbed." 20. imitus post-classical for /u?idttus. 28. fortunae genitive following dignus, a poetic construction. 30. multiiugi cf. totiugis, p. 15, 1. 10.

perdita securitate "beyond hope of redemption"; may be regarded as ablative of characteristic or possibly suis epulis " with the feast they furnished." ablative absolute. sublicae " beams that formed a contrivance machinae confixilis 2.

Page 23.

the construction

Apuleian. turres " towers built with several platforms." "like a movable house." 3. ad instar circumforaneae domus floridae picturae " gayly painted " the expression is best disposed of as an appositive with turres. receptacula " fitting cages to contain the beasts that 4. decora

that could be joined together"

ne^bus

;

confixilis is

;

appear in the hunt." seems to be used here with 6. forinsecus literally, " from without " funera "noble tombs" that generosa the force of peregre.

were

;

who were to devom- the criminals. "with practically all." Cf. p. 26, 9. totis utcumque immanis ursae " of huge bears" generic singular. note. 20. quos constructio ad sensum.

is,

the beasts

24 and

;

dative with supplementa.

21.

ventri

23.

accurrunt

nata

the classical coustruction requires ad or

a favorite expression with Apuleius

26. cibo

The more common

dative.

ment

instanti for our

Page 8.

24.

sacramentum

in.

e re

classical prose construction

perhaps, ad and the accusative. 31. examurgatur " was being cured "

32.

see note, p. 21,

;

is,

an Apuleian word. " make the following solemn agree;

impending campaign." 6.

ancipitis

:" the cunning device." " took the risk of playing the dangerous

sollers species .

aleam

rOle." 9.

habili corio

iti

would

ordinai'ily he used in prose unless the con-

struction be viewed as instrumental ablative.

MoUitie

ablative of cause

with tractahili.

sarcimiue an Apuleian word, eciuivalent to sulura. praestinatae the classical word is emptae. 19. Sciscitati " having learned by (juesUoning."

10.

16.

Page

THE ROBBER'S TALE

28]

115

proditus ordinaiily thus used of plants equivalent to ortus. ut ipse habebat " as he was constituted," i.e. ius ho was naturally generous se habere is the more common idiom. 29. ad repentinas visiones " to satisfy immediately their eyes. adjectives in -bundus have so nearly the 30. mirabiuidi bestiam force of present participles that in Apuleius they often take an object. " very cunningly prying 31. satis callenter curiosos aspectus 20.

;

27.

;

gaze."

Page 9.

25.

fraglantia

noun and

for the

contenninum incubare

11.

this is the usual spelling in Apuleius,

poetical for vicinum.

of tlie verb, requires in with the ablative or the dative

use, p. 20,

and

valefacto

22.

meaning

the classical construction of this, the literal

both

forms of the verb, instead otflagro.

all

;

the figurative

cf.

note.

ablative absolute with siibject unexpressed.

vadimonium

30. velut expilationis

" as a guaranty of our pur-

pose to plunder the house."

examussim

32.

for robbeiy

Page 6.

26.

Quo

"precisely"; archaic.

latrocinali

"suitable

clavl subtracta violentia " and

3. .

open by the force

this

our united band."

16.

visitata

21.

vel divinitus

ante-

sc. ianitori.

when we had immediately broken

and

post-classical in this sense.

" or

else

by divine

will."

premens obnixum silentiiim " maintaining strict silence." 24. utcumque cunctis "to all, whoever they might be" cf. totis 23.

utcumque., p. 23,

27.

sebaciis

Page

27.

sebacius, " a tallow candle,"

retrogradi

;

9 and note.

scaenam

schemis "postures"; ante-classical. agminatim late Latin for agmine.

Apuleian.

"rdle."

18.

turbelis

27.

factionis

Page 5.

from the nominative retrogradis.

14.

28.

ursae

Though it

4. :

the diminutive

colloquial.

"band."

vel

" even."

dative following despoliavit

the construction

;

without precedent,

would to consider ursae as appositional

stript it

him

the bear."

seems more natural than

genitive.

NOTES

116

[Page 28

" lost to us but not vanislied from 7. nobis perivit, etc. glory" cf. PL Cupt. riS7,peristi e p atria tua. 11. nostra i.e. " of inau's. 12. demigrarit that is, in the persons of Laniachus and Thrasyleon. .

;

TRAGEDY OF TLEPOLEMUS AND CHARITE

(Apuleius, Metamorphoses, YIII, 1-14.) Lucias, in the form of an ass, stabled near by, hears the following

by one

stoiy told

"has passed away."' not "in the guise of histoiy," as it sometimes taken, but â&#x20AC;˘' embody in writing in the manner of formal

Page 5. is

of the servants of Charite.

29.

fuit

i.e.

in historiae specimen, etc.

narrative," as contrasted with his off-hand account; chartis

probably

ablative of instrument. 8.

quo

his wealth

eo equivalent to quanto corresponded to his high birth. .

tanto, the idea being that

The

ablative of degree of used in classical Latin in connection with the comparative of the adjective or adverb. luxuriae popinalis ijredicate genitive

difference

;

supply fuit. 14. petitionis eius petitionis or

meaning

whether eius agrees with

to say

In either case the

it.

viris

"men

of that class";

of suitors.

i.e.

The

ac-

adverbial.

17.

morum

18.

erilis

genitive with inprobatus.

puella

"our young

more common. 22. praesentiae suae

convenire

is difficult

" of courting her."

genus

15. id cusative

the objective genitive following

mistress."

See note,

p. 102,

probably dative

;

nianum venerat

27.

the

idea

is,

an occasion

.suitable for ])iH'sentiiig himsflf.

praedonum mucronibus

24.

rescue from

robber liaml,

the

liberata this refers to Charite's an adventure previously narrated by .

Lucius.

Page

30.

gaudibundus: (hitive case A slight zeugma is felt the second dative suboli. The idea is that of con-

salutique praesenti

following (jaudibundus, a peculiar construction. in

connection witli

gratulating them on their present safety and expivssiug the union would be Ijicsscd witii oiTsi)ring. 4.

prosapiae

"of

his (/.c.

Thrasyiius) hi^h biith."

tlit;

hope that

pagk

tra(5p:dy of

3.",]

conversatione

tlepolemus and ciiarite

117

caro should be taken lo give the proper meaning

to this word.

vinculum that is, between Charite and Note the post-Ciceronian meaning of affectio. 18. furatrinae coniugalia rudimentum "inexperience in affectionis firmissimum

16.

her Imsband.

conjugal deception.

contentiosa pemicie

20.

the phrase suggests persistence in a course

that would result disastmnsly.

venationis indagini generosae indagini, dative of purpose d(jgs (and trained) to nur down game." mandato invaderent the subject of the ablative absolute is the clause of which 31.

;

"hue bred

invaderent

Page

31.

the verb.

partitae

in different packs.

i.e.

11.

genis

12.

qua

either

13.

alioquin

16.

liteially, " an opportune fraudium opportunum decipulum i.e. an opportunity to ensnare his friend treacher-

i.e.

his tusks.

" where " or " because

see note, p. 97,

which."

13. :

snare of treachery," ously.

indipiscimur

21.

"begin," a rare meaning; also found

The verb is ante- and post-classical 30. amputat " cut through " or " deep

Gellius.

Page

Aulus

for adipiscor.

into."

2. lacinias see note, p. 2, 1. 12. 32. " nor when he saw success vel suae saevitiae expleri smile upon his cruel purpose was he content with the great danger to which his companion was exposed." The force of the preceding negative :

carried over into this clause. 5. 8.

plagosa " covered with blows " prosectu dative case. :

11. familia 12.

;

a post-classical meaning.

maesta

laetuB ageret

expression

is ,se

in apposition

with the subject of concurrimus. the more usual

note idiom ayere, "to behave"

;

ugere.

paenissime " veiy nearly " the superlative is an archaism. funus ecpiivalent to cadaver, a poetical use. 31. nimium nimius a forced expression, but quite characteristic nimium is adverb, nimius adjective; " in excess beyond measure." 27.

29.

;

Page give

33.

nomine lugubri

a difficult phrase

lugubri adverbial force and say, "adding his

tones."

;

perhaps we may in sorrowful

name

NOTES

118 studium adhibere

the idea

[Page 33

that he

made

his zealous services

as commiserating friend the pretext of caressing her.

confoveret

19.

her to care

for.

parentum

20.

forms the object of extorquet ; " prevailed upon

this

The

genitive following reverens.

accusative

also

mean " with devoted

ser-

used.

adfizo servitio

26.

would seem

this

vice," rather than " appointing slaves," as

sometimes understood.

alioquin see note, p. 97, 1. 13. de ipso nomine Thrasyllus name connected with a Greek adjective, dpaais, meaning " bold." 32. impudentiae labe " with disgraceful shamelessness. 28.

to it is

Page

34.

procella sideris: "violent wind of heaven"

;

sideris

suggests the violent winds that attend the rising or setting of certain con-

The word may, however,

stellations.

some

suggest the baleful influence of

constellation.

see note, p. 97, 1. 12. corruit unusual transitive use. 4. diali This seems better than to construe corpus as Greek accusative. " the deception." 7. scaenam :

ad limam,

own

put

etc.

off

her ardent suitor in order to sharpen her

wits."

permarcet

12. Pectori

"fades"

;

the

compound does not occur

to be construed as dative of reference,

though

elsewhere.

may

possibly

be an archaic locative not found elsewhere. 14.

manum

convenias

parricidio is to be kept in mind murder. 17.

scaenam

20.

the crime as

tlic

;

see note, p. 102,

auspicari

the idea

sceleris

27.

that of marriage under the auspices of

the phrase

the technical meaning of auspicari

means not

much

the tragedy of

trickery and deception in which the crime had been

veiled.

25. prolizum adverb; not "greatly" or "violently," as given in Harper's lexicon, but " gave utterance to a prolonged wail." Cf. Suet. :

Tit. 7, 2,

Page 5.

best "

14. 17.

fovere prolixius

35.

"longer."

fratris: tliat

is,

Boni et optimi consules ;

companion. " take it in good part, nay, for the :

the giaiitives are predicate genitives.

simulanter revicta " apparently overcome." clandestinos coitus obeamus " have secret meetings." :

Page

EATEN ALIVE

38]

19.

oppressuB

20.

prolixe

uno

119

"caught."

" readily " or " eagerly."

studio dative note archaic form uno. The construcan ablative of cause. 26. Nee setius " so too." 28. scaena feralium nuptiarum " the funeral setting of his marriage " feralium suggests both the darkness and mystery of the arrange21.

;

tion could be taken as :

;

ment and the fact that the union was to work his doom. 29. sequius aliquid " anything untoward. 32. pronus spei much stronger than our " inclined :

Page

quasi: introducing an alleged reason, as often

36.

to hope."

hi Tacitus.

male placui " it was my ill fate to please." qui autecedunt " wliich, as it were, by eagerly awaiting the coming darkness, anticipate their coming doom." Note the not displeasing conceit. 14. somniare the rare deponent use. 13.

20.

nuptlas

24.

de quo queraris " of whom you have to complain." dlgnum cruclatum lucraris a peculiar expression, "

archaic accusative construction.

26.

gain a

from the torture you deserve " that is to say, by not suffering at once the penalty he so richly deserves, he is gaining an advantage. profit

;

Page

37.

orbitatem

"blindness";

cf.

the similar use of the

adjective orbus. 5.

pain

nescio from nescius, in the rare passive sense. The source of the unknown. nescio quod scelus gestiens " eagerly intent upon some awful :

deed." 9.

16.

monumentum punita sum

for classical ad monurnentuin.

note deponent form of verb, which also occurs in

Ciceronian Latin. 18.

isto

29.

Ultronea

see note, p. 72, :

10.

see note, p. 9,

VI.

27.

EATEN ALIVE

(Apuleius, Metamorphoses, VIII, 22.)

Page

38.

deverteramus

"had put up."

This story was sug-

gested to Lucius by a certain locality where the former servants of Charite

NOTES

120 stopped in their

[Page 38

famulitio

flight to rest.

ante-

and

post-classical for

fnmilin.

Quo

dolore paelicatus instricta

fidelity."

infantulum

servulum

13.

arbori ficulneae nidificia

archaic and poetic iov fico.

nklijicium

"swarm," Apuleian

Apuleian

borriebant

nidus.

for

for the prosaic concurrebant.

scaturrigine

"gushing stream"; the word occurs

other

in the plural.

nitore nimio candentia "gleaming with excessive whiteness." cohaererent arbori the classical prose construction is prefera-

23.

24. bly

at this in-

note force of the diminutive "miserable slave."

17.

18.

by her resentment

post-classical.

15.

authors usually

"Now

"incited.'"

and the

cu)ii

ablative.

VII.

THE LOST SLIPPERS

(Apuleius, Metamorphoses, IX, 17-21.)

Page 39. l. Barbarus iste this Barbarus, a senator, has just been mentioned, and Lucius overhears a disreputable old woman narrate the :

following tale to the wife of a baker, Lucius' present master. 4.

custodelam

defamem

and vulgar Latin

ante-classical

defamis

for custodia.

Apuleian for infamis.

ante- and post-classical for iurans. destrictam "busy." 25. Bolitatem ante- and post-classical for solituJlnem.

deierans

13.

Page 6.

12.

40.

suadelis

oculos

cupito potiatur " compass his desires." suddcla is ante- and post-classical for suasio. :

the accusative with exirc iu the sense of " leave "

Apuleian.

" however far." The word is also used by Cicero as applied to

13.

quam

procul

15.

salo

"curient."

agitation of spirit.

20.

Nee

saltern

and sitUein; see

the emphatic

note;, p. (i7,

word

2i.

fretiuently placed

spatio

"by

between nee is, by

space," that

Ijeing ii\v;iy ficjui the temptation.

26.

auctorata est: a

lacLaUo

;

legal

term

exccrdudo has adjectival force.

uddicere

;

hence the dative

Page

THE FULLER'S WIFE

45]

Page

41.

Btrenuum

clave

15.

20. cubiculo 22. e re nata

"persistent."

subiecta

121

.see

note, p. 7,1.

for e cubiculo.

" as was natural "

;

cf . note, p. 21,

ante- and po.st-classical for dolore animi.

23.

cordolio

30.

coram noxae

the genitive with

coram

Apuleian.

Page 42. 3. enini with its intensive, not inferential, that is, he was apparently beating him 7. clementer :

14. p. 74,

perduint

archaic for perdant.

postlimiiiio 1.

force.

severely.

adverb

;

post-cla.ssical for

rursus or denuu

; cf.

note,

THE FULLER'S WIFE

VIII.

(Apuleius, Metamorphoses^ IX, 24-25.)

The baker, Lucius' present owner, narrates experience at the home of his friend the fuller. Page 5.

43.

alioquin

nostra

that

is,

see note, p. 97,

of himself

and the

to his wife the following

13.

fuller,

who had unexpectedly

arrived. 6. ilium the adulterum mentioned above. subiectum contegit " placed him beneath and ccjncealed him.''' 7. quae inalbabat " which, constrvicted with flexible rounded twigs in the form of a rising mound and tilled with the white fumes of sulphur, was iised to bleach the garments that were hung around it." " of the pungent mineral." 12. vivacis metalli cf. Petronius, c. 98. 16. solito sermone he probably said salve imprecatus this word is usually used in a bad sense not so here. 21. moriturum he was already half suffocated. 24. suapte supply noxa, i.e. not by our, but because of his own guilt. The alternative is to make it agree with violentia and refer to the oblique :

;

case sulpur'is.

Page 8.

44.

secederet

cogitare

object of persuasi.

inliuilive following

IX.

non erat dublus.

THE THREE BROTHERS

(Apuleius, Metaiiwrplwses, IX, 35-38.)

Page

45.

the pronoun refers to a certain householder who,

having been entertained at the house of Lucius' ma.ster, returns the coar-

NOTES

122

which give warnsoon ai-rives and

at table certain prodigies occur

While they are

tesy.

[Page 45

As a matter

ing of coming disaster. reports the matter that

of fact, a slave

incorporated in the following

tale.

pollens factioni bus " strong with his political backing. inani 11. gestiebat on the force of the word, see note, p. 20, 1. 17. commota quaestione "starting litigation for which there was no 6.

ground.

suo saltern sepulchro

13.

only to serve for his grave "

All but the land had been taken

of purpose.

ad demonstrationem finium

14.

;

dative

that he resolved to keep.

"to bear testimony

as to the

boundaries."

" such little as they could." " though not his plundering."

16.

quantulum quantulum

19.

licet

non

20. volixit

rapinis

note that he

moderate in his

said to have been at first

language.

Page

46.

liberal!

legum praesidio

" by the generous protection

of the laws."

iste

see note, p. 72,

10.

suspend! um sese mandare proclamans them and their laws to go hang." 11. esitare ante- and post-classical for edo. 12. passivis ante- and post-classical for passmi. 8.

"telling

all

finitive construction following

praecipere

classical

lazari but not so

the in-

common

as the ui-coiLstruction.

17.

comperciuit

note, p.

20.

()7,

also spelled comparcunt.

nee

saltern

of.

24.

"stubbing his toes offenso lapide atque obtunsis digit! terrae this maybe dative of direction, but more :

against a stone."

humi prosterni. more common ire or venire suppe-

likely a locative construction, in imitation of

accurrunt suppetias and .similar expressions.

24. tias,

Page

velitantur

47.

the

"attack him

skirmishers"

;

ante- and

post-classical.

Nee

terrae

the negative modifies the verb concidit.

dative of direction.

nisuB violentia " by the force of the cast. literally " its stiffness balanced in the air." 8. rigore librato 11. per transcurrens that is, it simply grazed his finger 7.

tips.

Page

THE ENAMORED STEPMOTHER

50]

15.

humanior speculam

26.

svii

14.

that

than the spear which had slain

his brother.

the diminutive of spes.

moUiorem

comparative

is,

123

"milder than himself."

The

genitive with the

occasionally found in early and late Latin.

THE ENAMORED STEPMOTHER

(Apuleius, Metamorphoses, X, 2-12.)

Page 48. l. Dominus aedium Lucius recalls a most abominable crime which took place in the house where he was stabled, and narrates :

' '

in the following tale.

" even " or "just."

vel

adaeque

about.

meaning

the

16. vulnuB animi

wound

of the

word here seems

to be

"just" or

valetudine

"falsely attributed her heart's

The expression

is a forced one and probably was suggested by the constructions mentiri aliquid and mentiri in

aliqua 18.

to bodily illness."

re.

cetera, etc.: "the other ravages, that

is,

to health

and coun-

tenance." 19.

examussim

see note, p. 19,

24. colons intemperantia

Page 49. 6.

10. 14.

utrimquesecua

vocari praecipit

11.

" flushing of cheeks.

instead of the

see note, p. 46,

more common ittrimgue.

12.

utcumque debitum " in a certain sense due." nutante etiam nunc pudore the idea is that she :

some sense of shanie, though it was on the point 15. decunctatur A puleian for cunctoiur.

still

possessed

of disappearing.

21. medela

32.

post-classical for cura.

exasperandum

earn

to be supplied as object, according to the

archaic construction of which Lucretius presents several examples.

Page 50. 1. prolixe see note, p. 35, 1. 20. 3. impendio "earnestly"; a colloquialism. :

10. vel 12.

see note, p. 48,

maturatae spei vesania

"with

the madness of a hope to be

"ready

for

fulfilled."

20.

emancipato

figuratively,

any crime."

NOTES

124 23.

praesentarium

32.

terrae

[Page 50

ante- and post-classical tor prompturn.

see note, p. 46,

20.

to liLs own views." " to compass her vengeance. mentiebatur the preceding expression, privigni 12. Et hoc veneno, changes its meaning according as one regards privigni as subjective or objective genitive, hence the present remark.

Page 7.

varie quisqvie

51.

in vindictae .

"each according

compendium

20.

incoram Apuleian

29.

in exitium

For

for coram.

genitive, see note, p. 41,

the verb operor in classical style

30.

construed with

the dative.

30. plenis affectibus

''with

all

the force of his

Page

52.

remoto iudicandi taedio

liemotis

trial."

vindicari

10.

utrimquesecus

16.

loca residentibus

"without the tedium

of a

usage would recjuire an ut construction.

see note, p. 40,

and me

residentibus from resideo, not resido.

accusative outside of Apuleias

8, 17,

in with the ablative.

very rare.

Cf.

meum dorsum

residens, Met. 10, 18.

Apul. Met. struction

of saying sug-

be supplied with probaiiunibus and ambagibus.

classical prose

ilium in-

will.'"

cestum, etc. the indirect discourse depends upon a verb gested by the words Jletu and precibus.

This

residebat,

The ordinary con-

Martii iudicii " of the court of the Areopagus." principia dicere "deliver introductory speeches"; the usual construction with dcnuntio in this sense would be ne and the subjunctive. 21. ad istum modum see note, p. 72, 1. 10. 26. ad istas litteras "in this accoimt to you." Simul poetic for 18.

19.

simnl 30.

sisti

Page him " 7.

53.

sua

10.

1)('

brought: into court."

quod

manu

or better

se vocasset

l)iil-

fact that he

lln'

not the speaker's, but the young man's.

?7).s?,

had kept

had summoned

that of implied indirect discourse.

reddiderit

Bua raanu (lie direct, eximie ac nimis

nse df

tliat

is,

had not administered

evidence.

,s(/((.s'.

imaginem

"skilfully and only too

ingly like the truth."

15.

reforring to the speaker.

reservatum poculum neclexisse

tlic f'up,

the subjunctive

;

sc. Hibi

<ir.

ad unum aermonem

that

i.s,

to the

one word rondcmno.

.strik-

Page

THE JEALOUS WIFE

57]

cum

17.

for all";

fortuna transacto

rei

trunsucto

125

" the culprit's fate being sealed once

ablative abtiohite without substantive.

Rei

probably genitive of reus. 20.

orificium

21.

ad ordinem

22.

Quod

post-classical for os.

ordo

the regular

" all my aetatis sum olim " not long ago." :

29'.

non

31.

veterno

word

for the provincial senate.

life.

the word suggests the loss of physical and mental power.

Page 54. l. blaterantem blatero is colloquial. causificantem caustjicor is very rare, being used :

for the classical

causor.

repraesentatus " produced in court" afamias A pulei an for nii(/ as. 26. contrectatis "examined." 29. tormentis dative of purpose. 10.

20.

;

iudicio

dative.

Page 5.

55.

sectae

3. :

rei

praesentis

word

the

"of the point at is.sue." by Seneca in the sense

also used

a school of

medicine.

11.

mandragoram

12.

gravedinis compertae

"mandrake."

descriptive genitive

;

"of

tested leth-

argy-producing properties.

eum competit

14.

18.

quod

21.

adorante

sive :

cf.

56.

his case.

note, p. 18,

27. postlimiiiio mortis

Page

fit

" but whether.

somni

that

17.

see note, p. 17,

is,

18.

the trance into which he had cast the

boy.

THE JEALOUS WIFE

XI.

(Apuleius, Metamoi-phoses, X, 23-28.)

Page 57. l. habuit: "she had." The subject is a woman condemned to be thrown to the beasts. The story of her crime is narrated by

LucivLs.

eiusdem iuvenis sexus sequioris

that

is,

the husband just mentioned.

"of the

istic; seiyuiy;- is post-classical.

inferior

sex"

genitive of character-

;

protinus quod

"as soon as."

NOTES

126

[Page

praeventa " prevented " the word agi-ees with ilia. pro natalibus "in accordance with her birth " natales plural, meaning "origin" or "birth," is post-Augustan. 6.

;

10.

in the

;

" do violence to." dispensat " scrupulously carried out his mother's matris wish and did his duty by liis sister." 16. plebeiam humanitatem "ordinary feeling." facie tenus "as far as appearances went." 19. receptaret " received " but traderet, below, is to be rendered " would betroth," as indicated by the word mox. 22. plenaque cum sanctimonia correlative with the two preceding 13.

incurreret

14.

;

adverbs.

Page 3. 8.

addicta see note, p. 57, bestiis " supplanter. " In this sense swccu6a

58.

succubam quod note

Apuleian.

quod-clauae instead of the classical infinitive construc-

tion.

12.

adstipularetur is Apuleian.

" to cause to

agi-ee

with "

;

adsiipuior as a transi-

tive verb

13. 19.

mandatu quod res

dative.

erat

"the truth

of the

quodque

matter."

note

^uocZ-clause instead of classical infinitive constrviction.

20. frustra jealovLsy

;

paelicatus

bulliret is

that

is,

that there

was no cause

maritus "he who was to be her husband." same anticipatoiy sense in Latin. 29. medela: for classical cura. 23.

for her

objective genitive following indignatione.

Generis used

the

31.

multarum palmarum,

etc.

note the figurative language taken

from the military sphere.

Page

Proserpinae Saluti

59.

sition with

25.

30.

proventuB

Page

that

is,

death.

Saluti

in appo-

fruserphme.

moduzn

istrum

60.

saucius

.see

note, p. 72,

10.

"the issue." :

tlie

word

also u.sed of the drowsiness of in-

toxiciitinii.

mandate

the substantive of this ablative absolute

of wliicli dejjosreret 5.

elisuB

"in (convulsions."

Tiie expression

the

clause

the verb.

probably not

"most worthy." The narrator seems to have

BpectatissimuB ircjiiicai.

forgotten, in the pliysician's terrible plight, his previous reputation.

Pace

TALE OF THE TUB

65]

quia

10.

ablative case.

faciem " the reality. 13. blandicule Apuleian. 24. toto archaic for toti. 12.

Page

61.

praesidis 6. efficio

127-

urgente spiritu

2. '

governor's.

patefierent cf.

;

proline

see note, p. 35,

"by

20.

21.

the diiiiculty of breathing."

note omission of

note, p. 2,

Cf. uno, note, p. 35,

which

ut,

ordinarily used with

12.

13. excetrae venenatae

" venomous serpent."

TALE OF THE TUB

XII.

(Apuleius, Metamorphoses, IX, 1-7.)

Page

62.

See Introduction, xxxvii.

CUPID AND PSYCHE

XIII.

(Apuleius, Metamorphoses, IV, 28- VI, 24.)

Page 6.

65.

civitate

Bufficienter

classical

for urbe, as often.

a word found only in late Latin

;

satis

would be the

word.

weak

inferential "

then" in Apuleius. "in curious throngs." inaccessae poetic sinijularis or unicus would be the ordinary word. archaic spelling. 9. formonsitatis 10. primore digito residente "the thumb held upright with the tip of the finger resting thereon." To kiss one's hand was a common 7.

denique

studiosa celebritate

often a

;

mark of reverence to the gods. Why the particular position of the thumb and finger here indicated we cannot say. 11. ipsam prorsuB deam " the very goddess in person." 13. attiguaB a rare and late word vicinus is the ordinaiy word. 15. iam numinis now ble.ssing all vsith the gift of her venia divine presence." The coiLstrviction is ablative absolute. 16. populi the poetic use of populus as synonymous with homines. :

;

18.

pullulaase

the rare transitive

remembered that the foam of the sea.

real

use of pullulare.

Venus was fabled

It will be have sprung from the

NOTES

128

immensum

19.

mensum. 20. plusculum

adverbial use

" quite a

tlie

;

[Page 65

more usual expression

in im-

bit."'

22. altissimis transferred epithet. 23. saeculi specimen: "perfection of the age." greatest beauty of her day." :

Page

supplicatur

66.

say,

"the

impersonal construction.

matutino progressu

As we

that

is,

as she

came

forth of a morning,

and beautiful. the idea is, though no Veiuis was there. 6. absentis c.f. Lucretius' invocation parens 12. En rerum iJe Eer 11171 Natura I, 1 seq.

fresh

probably

13.

orbis

14.

partiario

girl"

;

Venus,

po.ssessive.

cum jmella, " shared with a mortal honore tractor this used by the legal writers. "treated or handled with," rather than " dragged in the construed with

partiarius

seems to mean dust," as rendered by Purser. "with heaven as its home " in caelo is more 15. caelo conditum common, while in caelum is the ordinary expression. " I am forsooth to submit to the sustinebo 16. Nimirum dubious honor of a vicarious worship by sharing the offering to my divinity with another." 18. pastor ille Paris. 20. deabus Juno and Minerva. paeniteat " I warrant she will repent" faxo is the 21. faxo archaic form so common in Plautus. " public morality." 24. disciplina publica " by reason of ingrained wantonness." 28. genuina licentia fabula "going over the story." 31. perlata this governs foedcra. 32. Per :

;

Page ing

67.

deprecor

here

tli(!

inlensilieil

uredines "stings." sed plenam "full, you understand."

severiter

fraglantissimo see note, p. 2.'), "" extrenii " of tin; lowest sort.

damnavit

prccor ; the other mean-

"deprecate." :

tiie

usual wcu'd :

sa-ere. 1.

lho.se of tiie

" condeunied to be deprived of"; the genitives are

penalty.

Page 9.

CUPID AND I'SYCHE

(i8]

pressule

adverb and word.

tliis

I'rc.ssc is tlic ('iassical

10.

reflui litoris

i.e.

adjective prei^sulus are ApiUeian.

tlie

a bold use of rejluus to express the idea of the

waves recede. 11. ecce iam profundum marls

shore from

129

wliieli the

"behold

at length the

deep sea

Profundum may be

the goddess hatl at length reached the deep sea.

either nominative or accusative.

sudo resedit vertice

12.

"and

she paused upon

its

bright sur-

face."

marinum obsequium

"the obedience of the sea, " abstract for "the obedient dieties of the sea." Portunus the god of harbors. Salacia goddess of the salt waves. curru dative. biiuges "in pairs." sua sibi see note, p. 2, 1. 1. perspicua conspicuus is more

13.

the concrete

14.

15.

19.

21.

usual in this sense.

24. regius with a noun.

"prince."

nee

In classical style the word saltern: equivalent to nee

is .

always used quidem,oiten

used by Apuleius with the force of ne quidem. " long ago " slightly exaggerated expre.ssion for iam. 27. Olim 28. diffamarant elsewhere the word has a bad meaning. populi .

;

For singular,

use of plural ot po2)ulus for the classical homines. p. 65,

note,

10.

corporis

30.

of.

poetic construction for corpore

;

animi, however,

probably locative.

Page ' '

68.

fearing for.

irae

genitive with metuens

del Milesii

;

oraculum

the dative would :

mean

an oracle situated at

Didymi, about ten miles from Miletus. On the possible significance of the words dei Milesii, see Introduction, p. xx, note 2. 5. propter Milesiae conditorem "on account of the writer of the story." That is, because he wrote in Latin. On the force of Milesia :

here, see Introduction, p. xx, note 2.

mundo

"apparel." lovis archaic nominative. 15. pigens "with regret" this form

13.

;

not found in the classical

period.

17. maeretur

note impersonal passive construction.

" the paraphernalia. " Note the mingling and marriage in the whole passage. 20. marcescit " grows dim." 19.

choragium

of funeral

of the idea

NOTES

[Page 68

130

a Greek word derived from (;vy6u, "yoke." Cf. the 21. zygiae moduli is understood. Cf. i.e. Lydii Ludii Latin Ju7io jugalis. modulus Phrygius and modulus Darius. 23. Sic adfectae " thus affected. :

;

luctu

24.

dative with congruens.

funus 29. vivum funus "corpse." The living corpse

Page

Quid

69.

occasionally used in poetic style for

of course, Psyche.

is,

laceratis

lumina

Psyche means that

it is

torture for her to see the tears in her parents' eyes.

percussi

aentitis

the Greek idiom for the Latin, vos per-

cussos sentitis.

14.

scopulo

16.

exitio

18.

pompae

21.

quibus praeluxerant

for the usual in scopulo.

dative of purpose.

dative of association, a poetic construction.

" with which they had lighted her on her

way." 23. domuitionem archaic. "swaying her raiment on either side and sinu 27. vibratis :

filling its folds.

per devexa

29.

Page

" over the

slopes.

medio meditullio

70.

lium, an archaism,

"in the very centre"; meditul-

a favorite word with Apuleius.

force of tullius, from tellus,

had long been lost

Cicero says the

Topica 36. scies "you may know " cf. the poetic use of future indicative with imperative force. Subjunctive of the second person indefinite would 6.

;

cf.

Cic.

;

be the ordinary construction. herds of that type, " i.e. wild animals. Id 9. id genus pecudibus genus refers to Ijestiis luid the expression is tautological. Purser's explanation, " herds of that kind, i.e. of the type of wild beasts, as wild horses '

and asses," seems somewhat forced. occurrere

12. ioned

'l']\(:

the usual construction with

a strained but striking way of saying " fashforms of wild beasts." pavimentum dis"for even the floors are marked off by the use of precious

efferavit th(! silver

criminantiir sti)M(;s

dative.

argentum

into the

cut into .small pieces

rcfci'cncc

.so

sine pretio pretiosae

18.

suum

.see

commonly used

note the alliteration.

note, p. 2,

to represent objects of various sort.

course to the

16.

sibi

a.s

ino.saic

work.

Page

CUPID AND PSYCHE

72J

19.

"although";

licet:

131

the dassical construction of nisi with

cf.

the ablative absolute.

21.

ad conversationem humanam

" for

among

sojourning

his

men." sese facit

24.

verb

A late Latin use; the simple In addition to the cases referred to in Purser's note,

"betakes herself."

also so used.

the Y>hrase aquarn facientes, Pereyrinatio Sanctae Silvae, 37,

Interesting.

altrinsecus "on the other side of"; this prepositional use of the wortl is only met with in Apvdeius. horrea perfecta "loftily constructed store rooms. 30. thensauruB the word may mean either " treasure " or " treasure 26.

chamber.

Page

' '

The form

71.

archaic for thesaurus.

corporis sni: poetic genitive instead of ablative with nuda.

prohinc "accordingly." poetic dative of direction. 3. cubiculo "for you when you have cared for your 5. corporis curatae tibi person" cor2)orls is genitive with curatae, an extension of the poetic 2.

;

genitive construction with adjectives.

Purser explains otherwise, citing

the words interfectae virginitatis curant, p. 71,

1. 28, as an example of but should this not be taken as descriptive genitive, with novam nuptam, "the bride who had lost her virginity," making nuptam the object of curant, and taking praestolantes absolutely?

the genitive case with euro

;

sui equivalent to suam, a construction confatigationem sm employed by Apuleius. 10. semirotundo suggestu this would be a semicircular table. 17. quae ipsa: â&#x20AC;˘ nor was this seen either." 23. aures accedit for the usual ad aures. pro tanta solitudine "seeing that she was absolutely alone." 9.

stantly

24.

malo

28.

cubiculo

had

lost

the ablative with the comparative. :

for in cubiculo.

her virginity"

;

30. natura redditum

Page

72.

interfectae virginitatis

descriptive genitive :

namque

;

but see note,

praeter oculos,

etc.

by that script reading ius nihil sentiebatur, makes no jectures, see Purser's note on the passage. The 10. 1.

who

" ordained by nature."

the sense of touch and hearing, but not

Apuleian

p. 71,

"for he

perceived by

The manuFor the con-

of sight."

sense.

text given

quite in

style.

scopulum istum

71, note.

Istum

cf. similar construction with accedo, p. 35, probably equivalent to hunc, aa it certainly is in :

NOTES

132 the

common Apuleian

phrase ad istum

This

other expressions.

modum

(cf. p. 91,

11),

and

interesting as indicating the beginning of a

entire disappearance of hie in popular

which resulted in the

practice

[Page 72

speech and the employment of

testimony of the

instead, as the

isle

Romance Languages proves. 11. neque for the more usual neve. 12. ceterum in place of alioquin; a :

frequent use in Apuleius.

nee mora, cum .see note, p. 20, 1. 11. 22. lectum accubans Apuleius frequently uses the accusative with 21.

accubare.

pernox

25. perdia et

and pernox

post-classical

26.

desinis cruciatum

29.

dum

equivalent to noctu atque interdlu; perdius

cruciatu

comminatur

poetical.

would be the

this use

cla.ssical

dum

English by the participial construction " threatening." 30. adnuat this verb follows extorquet without ut :

construction.

well rendered in

;

the introduction

would indicate that this clause depends directly upon Note the striking rhythm of the sentence. cupitis. 31. ora conferat "hold converse with them " ora is equivalent to

of ut before videat

;

the usual sennones.

Page

73.

suasa suadere is commonly con.strued with the dative Apuleius frequently uses the accusative, hence the per-

of the person.

sonal passive con-struction here.

adverb is common in Plautus and late Latin. Purser remarks, "the only difficulty in this pa.ssage is used with the weaker verb dil'ujo.'' He cites, however, an ex-

pessum

efflictim

effikti7n

ample

this

of this use

But

from Symmachus.

;

pare you to Cupid."

As Psyche

accord with Apuleian style to construe thus I value you as distraction, whoever you are

and quite in you even to nor would I com-

possible

" for I love

life,

dreams that she

little

speaking to

Cupid, Purser calls attention to the " injiiy " of the passage. 12. imprimens note the effect of the repetition of the syllable in of the words iinpriinens, ingerens, inserens ; in fact, the whole structure of :

the

stnitciicc

rhythmically

.striking.

succubuit BUBurruB genitive. poetic for ^>ÂŤrem. 21. parilem

15.

u.sed aUsolutely.

25.

effligitia

common

ujjlujere.

this rather rare

For adverb,

verb

cf. p.

voces for construction, .see 30. nee mora cum .see note, p.

26.

73,

imifh stronger than the more 8.

note, p. 72, 2U,

11.

20.

" '

Page

CUPID AND PSYCHE

75]

sese perfruuntur

32. frui;

the phrase

tive of

means

Page

it is

used in connection with the abla-

saviis.

74.

Apuleius

the archaic construction of the accusative with

interesting, as

133

postliminio

"back again," a meaning confined to p. 17, 18, it means "back

wlien followed by genitive, as on

;

In classical times posiizminmm was a legal term meaning the right of return to one's native country with all civil rights. prolectante gaudio " led by the allurement of joy." "supernatural" only so used in Apuleius. 6. inhumanae again from."

e re nata

13.

;

see note, p. 21,

14.

commodum

15.

barbitio

16.

ne qua

"just."

only found in Apuleius

labe

;

by any

"lest

word

the classical .slip

barba.

as the conversation

con-

tinued."

"the secret."

17. consilium taciturn:

auro facto: "golden

gifts."

21. fraglantes

on the form, see note,

22. perstrepebant

that

p. 25,

was long and

the discourse

is,

loud.

orba sc. oculis. " born of the same parents." 24. utroque parents prognatae 27. degamus "are we to pass our days?" This .subjunctive, 23.

well as potita

rentum

"far from our parents"

a Graecism

;

longe pa-

expresses the indignation of the speaker.

sit,

procul ab

the ordi-

nary prose idiom.

quam

28.

effudit

whom

"to

our mother, already weary with

the bearing of children, gave birth as her last offspring."

31. iacent

the indicative in an indirect question

often occurring in Plautus

and Terence.

a colloquialism

;

splendicant

splendicare

Apuleian for splendere.

Page

75.

deam

spirat

" aspires

to be a goddess

" ;

dea7n

cog-

nate accusative.

pusilUorem

"more puny"

she means that he

is an unsatisfacwhich indicates her contempt. 10. articulari morbo " rheumatism " or " gout. 11. venerem meam recolentem "satisfying my amorous moods." 15. istas she shows her hands as she pronounces this word. Cf. note, p. 72,1. 10. uxoris sustinens " not appearing as a dutiful wife, but playing the r61e of an overworked nurse " offi,ciosam and

tory bed-fellow.

Note the .

;

alliteration

;

laboriosam are transferred epithets.

NOTES

134 17. videris consider "

pessum

26.

future perfect.

video

;

note, p. 73,

be rendered "it

you

for

only verb so used in classical prose.

is tlie

may

[Page

from inacesco "to become bitter"; inacuit therefore 27. inacuit means " is bitter." :

ac nee

29.

"much

beatum

32.

"and

the use of ac gives nee an intensive force,

deed." 31. nediim

less."

praeconium

not in-

"spread the news

of her

good

for-

tune."

sed plane on the force of sed, cf. note, p. 67, 1. 3. instructae " and having equipped ourselves with long and strictly, diu modifies instructae, which has carefully considered plans" middle force. Purser remarks that the usual word is scindere. 8. comam trahentes

Page diuque

76. .

;

But the phrase must surely mean "trailing their locks." "and thus quickly frightening deterrentes 10. ac sic .

their

parents too with this fresh bm-st of grief."

17. longe

that

eminus.

is,

wretches lupulae abandoned woman. '

18.

' '

the

;

word lupa

cf. note, p. 73, 1. 19. te 8uadeant construction of the infinitive with suadere. :

forever

common

in the sense of

ezplorare

the poetical

"you will not see if but once you see " si videris he means that he will disappear purposely mystical

non videbis

20.

the expression

;

she gets but a glimpse of him.

pro: "in virtue of." "was exulting." 31. plaudebat 24.

Note the assonance

the four

imperfect endings.

Page where p. 59,

;

sexuB infeatus et sangms inimicus: "your

your

"who stays but a short time." Else3. momentarius Apuleius the word has the meaning of "instantaneous" cf.

77. in

sisters hostile

and

foe."

kill tiiriu'd

classicum the accusative is cognate. istum see note, p. 72, 1. 10. neve. for the ordinary nete 11. nee vel vel 14. Bcopulo prominentes " perched on a jutting crag." 15. singultu incertans :" her words broken with tearful sobs."

10.

Page

quod sciam

16. fidei

CUPID AND PSYCHE

79]

"I imagine";

perpendisti

and discretion"

"as

literally,

far

" you have weighed the proofs of

"for

literally,

;

136

fidelity"

;

know."

fidelity

that of

the dative

reference.

germani complexus

24. ters'

fructum

"the enjoyment

sis-

embraces."

factionis "the pair of sisters who concocted the 32. iugum plot" the genitive is that of description. The compound conspondere is very rare. .

;

Page of

78.

licentiosa

a post-Augustan word used with the force

immoderatus.

incunctatae in is the negative particle. The word is found only conferto vestigio the expression means little more than " together." One naturally thinks of the idiom gradum conferre, and probably Apuleius used the word confertus, strange in this connection, pur6.

here.

posely. 7.

nomine mentientes

"lying in respect to the name."

adopts the conjecture, sororis

nomen

ementientes.

The reading

Purser as given

appeals to us, however, as Apuleian in tone. 8.

thensaurumque

fraudis the gxiile stored deep and treasFor the form thensaurus, cf. note, p. 70, 1. 30. the classical word is deponent. ut pridem " as a '

ured in their hearts." 9.

adulant

short time before."

10. et ipsa

perula

11.

equivalent as frequently to ipsa etiam. affectionately used for uterus intumescens.

on the force of this word, cf. Introduction, p. xii. laetabunt the classical word is deponent. 14. prorsus Cupido " a veritable Cupid " another case of dramatic irony cf. p. 70, 1. 8, and note. 18. tuccetis tuccetum was a rich sausage or, rather, meat pudding. cf. the idiom partes agere, "to play a role." 19. agere "to play" " guiding the talk. 24. sermonem conferentes Piirser's note is confusing. 25. tinde natalium He remarks that classical Latin used the ablative. Unde of course replaces the ablative. Natalium is partitive, as he correctly states. 26. secta cuia "of what calling" literally, "of whose calling." 27. pristini sermonis cf. what she had said, p. 74, 1. 14 seq. aurei

12.

13.

;

Page

79.

expression.

Bublimatae

sublimes sublatae would be the classical

NOTES

136

[Page 79

altercantes the word is probably used because of the doubt arisNote that the principal tlieir minds as to tlie true state of affairs. verb "said " is omitted in the sentence. "whichever." The indefinite use of this word is occa9. utnun The ordinary word is utrumcumque. sionally met with in classical Latin. 2.

ing in

nobis

11.

ethical dative.

mater audierit 12. puelli the diminutive, puellus, is archaic. "shall have the fame of being mother." Cf. the colloquial expression, :

male or bene audire, in classical Latin. 14. quam concolores " quite harmonious. "

The use

the positive of the adjective

uncommon

in Apuleius.

Its

guam with

rather rare in classical style, though not

use with positive adverbs

common

collo-

quialism.

16. fastidi enter

the classical

word

fastidlose.

17.

matutino

19.

astu the Ciceronian word is astutia. rebus tuis dative of interest.

22.

Latin for mane.

late

sanguinantem the poetic use of neuter verb as transitive. "Apollo's oracle." Fytho was the ancient 28. sortis Pythicae name of Delphi, Apollo's most celebrated shrine. As the oracle was given 26.

near Miletus (see note,

circumsecus

30.

Page

80.

p. 68,

5), the adjective

note, p. 12,

cf.

loosely used.

blandis alimoniarum obsequiis

with dainties "

^ZtouZis

;

"by

serving you

an archaism. the partiality of Apuleius for the diminu-

a transferred epithet.

^itÂťio?iia

misella tenella form of the adjective is noticeable. 16. tertiata substrepens "stammering and uttering her words

11.

tive

low, half -audible voice."

Tertiata literally

means

that each

Purser's stand that the expression does not

uttered three times.

in a

word was

mean

stanunering does not seem well taken. 20. is

cuiatis

for the classical cuias, an archaism.

The accent

cuids

a reminisciMu^e of the earlier form.

subaudiens "giving dutiful obedience to." tectae machinae there is a play ujjou the meaning of machinae, "secret machination " and " mantlet." The whole sentence bri.stles with 21.

30.

military terms.

Page 81. adpulsu .

4. .

praeacutam :" very sharp " rather than " sharp edged. exasperatam "an edge put on by the stroke of the :

Page

CUPID AND PSYCHE

82]

smoothing palm."

She

137

rub the blade over the palm to put, as

were, the tiuishiug touch of keenness. 6.

concimiem "delicate little lamp." The idea. The classical form is concinnus. :

size

probably the

important

the diminutive form of olla, "pot," the archaic form of was aula. (Hilda also occuivs. minuena literally, " diminishing little by little 12. pensilem That is, walking on tiptoe and more slowly the your suspended step. 8.

avilulae

whicli

nearer she approaches.

quam

15.

sentence

valido

see note, p. 79,

14.

The rhythm

of this long

be felt by reading with a slight pause after

It will

striking.

each clause. 21. viscera "heart." meaning " flesh." :

The word

also used

by the poets with the

26. nisi non est: "except that harried by baleful furies she cannot be said to be alone." 27. aestu fluctuat " her grief surges like the tide of the sea " aestu, dative maerendo, ablative of manner with the same force as that .

;

of a present participle

simile, adverbial.

;

sezum audacia mutatur

" and becomes a man in probably the direct object of mutatur used with middle force, though in the phrase mentem capitur, p. 100, 1. 18, we are

Page

82.

boldness."

Sexum

forced to take

mentem

as the

Greek accusative, and

this

may

also

be the

construction of sexum in the present passage.

10. hilaratum the flame is conceived as rendered joyous by the sight. acuminis sacrilegi genitive of description. 11. praenitebat " gleamed forth." Purser adopts the conjecture of Lipsius, paenitebat, and renders " and the razor felt a pang of son-ow for :

its

wicked edge." 12.

impos animi

"distracted";

cf.

the legal term

non compos

mentis.

13. desedit in imos poplites that is, she sank down with her knees doubled under her. 17. salute defecta " in utter despair. " Z>e/ec<a is nominative case :

of the participle,

"abandoned by safety," not

the ablative absolute, which would indeed be a strange expression, as Purser objects. I cannot, however, follow him in the interpretation "overcome by the sense of being safe, " which seems forced and out of harmony with the rest of the passage. " gladsome " his locks were a delight and joy to see. 19. geuialem :

;

" "

NOTES

138

[Page 82

"steeped in divine perfume " avihrosla means unguent of the gods as well as food of the gods. cervices impeditos " the prettily tangled locks, sweeping the snow-white neck and rosy cheeks" cervices is governed hj pererrantes. 21. antependulos a word found only here. "the dewy pinions are as bright as 23. pinnae candicant gleaming blossoms." 26. inqtiieta lasciviunt " play restlessly. " /n^wie^a, poetic adver-

ambrosia temulentam

;

bial use of neuter plural of the adjective.

satis et poetic post position of the 31. puncto pollicis " with the end of 32. periclitabimda this adjective has participle that it is construed with a direct

30.

Page

83.

articuli

" finger," that

conjunction.

her thumb." so

much

is,

the force of a present Cf. note, p. 24,

object.

thumb

;

30.

a somewhat poetic

use of the word.

" stood out like dew\ " bending over him with distracted gaze. that is, she was afraid that he might soon

roraverint

inhians prona de Bomni mensura .

awaken. et ipsa

"it too."

"his heart's desires." colluvie " seeing the ruin of his trust betrayed. detectae, literally, "disclosed," with a slight play upon the two meanings. " trailing pitifully after him in his 18. sublimis consequia lofty flight and following him for the last time as she hmig upon him, accompanying him through the realm of clouds" an almost repellently 13.

cupitis

15. visaque

;

Consequia is an adjective used substantively and comitatus genitive depending thereon. 25. hominis modifies cupidine, but is also felt with matrimonio. artificial

passage.

26.

addici

30.

istoB

"be

assigned to," a legal term.

oculos

"these eyes that loved you "

;

cf.

note, p. 72,

1.10.

semper cavenda

that is, she was ever to be on her guard what she had done, prying into Ids identity. 32. remonebam the word does not seem to occur elsewhere.

31.

agaiii.st

doing

just,

Page

84.

magisterii

"instruction," which

they

had

given

Psyche. 2. ilie

punlvero

iiuniudiate act.

this differs at all

from the simple future

emphasizes

Page

CUriD AND PSYCHE

85]

quantum

poterat

visi

139

" as far as her eyes could

see"

;

visi is

probably impersonal.

proceritas spatii proceritns emphasizes the height of his flight as fecerat alienum " had taken him from her."

well as the length.

Bupercilium amnis

12.

Echo

river.

the river,"

means bank

of the

accusative case.

voculas omnimodas

13.

brow

"soft notes of every kind."

Note the

The adjective omnimodus is po.st-classical. 14. comam fluvii this means the grass growing on the bank of the river of. the common poetic use of coma to indicate foliage. the word is often used to express the woes of love. 15. aauciam utcumque " somehow or other," an adverb modifying non inscius. force of the diminutive. :

;

17.

Puella Bcitula

" pretty little girl " both and post-classical. ;

scitus

and

scitulus in

the sense of pretty are ante-

21.

autumant

"af3firm";

the

word

chiefly

ante-classical

poetic.

27.

utpote

luxuriosum

"since he is a youth given to selfblandis obsequiis promere " win him

indulgence and pleasure."

over by loving service."

aliquam multum viae: "quite a distance"; viae is partitive and aliquam is adverb. The idiom aliquam multus is found elsewhere in Apuleius. In Apol. 4, aliquam multum a 31.

genitive with multinn,

me remota est, it is adverbial. In cumbo, we have the adjective use. 32.

inscio

"unknown"

Apol. 72, aliquam multis diebus de-

elsewhere inscius has the active meaning.

;

"amazed." 13. percita turbata "troubled." 85. fruendi laborarem inopia "I was distressed at not being able to enjoy it." The classical construction is dum laboro. 16. quo dolore " by the pain of which " the ordinary idiom. " be divorced " 18. divorte the technical term; cf. divortium. Page

14.

;

tibique tiatio)

;

habeto

the regular phrase used in announcing {renun-

a divorce.

19. quo tu censeris "by which you are called"; literally, by which you are enrolled. 20. confarreatis nuptiis referring to the confarriatio or formal ceremony by which originally patricians were united in marriage. Even in strictly classical times this form had been largely supenseded by the form known as usus. :

22.

efflaret

omission of the ut

principal clause imperative is

common

in Apuleius.

in indirect discourse

;

the

NOTES

140

[Page 85

caeca spe inhians "yet eager with groundless hope " the abone of cause. The natural expression would be caecae spei

27.

;

lative is

dative.

31. nee

vel saltern:

vel

intensifies

saltern;

"not

literally,

even at least."

Page

alitibus

86.

beasts and birds

fflt

ferens

ready prey

abstract for concrete germanae.

the claase in nuptias

"providing a

for

the dative follows obvium.

;

genuanitatis

festinavit

in sororis governed by festinacit, but may also .

with aemula.

mortis exitium

quaesitioni

doom

of death.

Latin the latter word

usually used in

its

gavia

Venerem

accusative after assistere,

16.

dubium

male audire

as Apuleius does use the

to decide

whether propter

The imagination may play between

preposition or adverb.

18.

difficult

salutis

the possibilities.

poetic genitive with adjective.

consult note, p. 79,

classical

technical sense.

"sea-mew." propter assistens

12.

14.

Plautus uses quaestio in this sense.

Quod

12.

ille, etc.

with

from indirect to direct discourse. 21. non nuptiae fastidimn " there are no marriage bonds nor social ties, no love for children, but filth unbounded and disgustingly repellent unions of low degree " foederum is genitive of definition, not objective as Butler seems to take it. 24. haec ganniebat "was uttering the.se complaints." Butler's rendering "chattered" would in Latin be expressed by garrio rather these words the construction .

pa.s.ses

;

than gannio. 25.

irata

solidum

Solidum

"thoroughly angered."

the poetic

use of the neuter accusative of the adjective with adverbial force, a construction restricted in cla.ssical pro.se to adjectives expressing quantity.

28. 30.

ingenuum Horarum,

investem

etc.

consult lexicon for both meanings.

the Ilorae, or godde.sses of the seasons, particu-

were naturally connected with Venus, as were the

larly of tlie s])ring,

Graces and Muses.

Page 2. tills

87.

efflicte

conTicctiiin.

puellam tliis

('(.

object of cupere.

an unusual word, per dite being more

however

formae succubam

illud

incrementum

efflictim, p. 73,

common

and elsewhere.

" .supplanter of my charms. " that young upstart " literally, "sprout." ;

Page

CUPID AND PSYCHE

88]

quintans

what

art'haic

"shrieking out."

propere

;

141

properiter

the

word

some-

the classical word.

Honesta haec "honorable conduct this." bonaeque " in harmony with thy moral worth " said ironically. 12. sordidis amoribus "with passion for a degraded creature"; cf. Venus' command, p. 07, 1. 5 seq. 16. te solum generosum " that you alone are nobly born." Venus 10.

congruentia

;

means that Cupid thinks that he

is her only offspring. Mars, his foster father. His real father

is not known. "for your equipment" tha pinnae, flammae, arcus, and scif/UUie mentioned above. 24. male inductus es " you have been a bad boy from your earliest years." acutas manus habes "you are light-tingered " cf. the charming lines of Hor., Od. I, 12, U-42 there is, however, a slight play upon the word acutas, for in its relation to the words muiores pulsasti it means "impulsive." 29. cui consuesti whom you are constantly accustomed to provide with mistresses to make me jealous." Butler renders in anyorem mei paelicatus, "because thou art angry with my love for him," which is surely not the meaning. The literal rendering is "for grief at the concubinage I put up with."

22.

patris

23.

ad instructionem istam

;

32. imrisTii

Page 5. 6.

88.

dative of purpose.

stelionem

"swindler."

imdeimde "from any source." ilia adhibenda est she makes up her mind :

that she will

employ Sobriety after all (prorsus). 10. litatmn impersonal perfect passive infinitive. 11. subinde "forthwith " "often," the rendering given by Purser does not seem to suit the context. "which as I held him in my arms I steeped 12. quas infeci with streams of nectar." The genitive seems to be used in imitation of the Greek construction with verbs of filling. 13. biles: cognate accusative. continantur " join," or " meet " this seems to be the proper spelling rather than cuntinuuntur. The verb is late and rare. 18. volentiam perpetraturae "intending doubtless to achave

;

â&#x20AC;˘

;

complish the desire of 19. 28.

31.

volaticam

angiy heart

'" ;

said ironically.

"elusive." portat bellule " carries his years so prettily. revinces " will you suppress ? " :

NOTES

142 Page

89.

amores amare

[Page 89

note the assonance

;

amare

the ad-

verb.

officinam " close up the pubUc source of female "manufactory." "passing by them on the other side." 6. praeversis alterorsus 7. pelago poetic dative of direction. 9. inquieta animo anlmi is the usual construction. " angry though he be." 10. iratum licet 13. Unde autem scio an " how do I know but that." Scio an with the subjunctive in the sense of "know but that" occurs elsewhere in Apuleius cf. p. 91, 1. 29. 3.

vitionim

frailties"

officina, literally,

;

20.

mundus

tools.

longum exclamat

27.

Page

the dative with advolcere. 2.

cated 5.

say, " cried o\it long

pedes eius advoluta

90.

;

multiiugis

the more usual construction

Tacitus, too, uses the accusative.

editis

"uttering manifold prayers," as indi-

by the repeated per-clauses. cistanun the cista was a :

sacred food used

and loud."

cylindrical, covered basket containing

the Eleusinian mysteries.

iii

pinnata curricula the winged car was drawn by dragons. sulcamina "furrows" because Sicily was a great corn-growing land. Tlie word does not occur elsewhere. Sulcus is the ordinary word. cumim remeacula "by the car that stole her and the land that held her, by the descent of Proserpina to her lampless wedding, by discovery with the lamp and her return. " consider it most lucky"; opitj/ii is pi-edicate 21. optimi conaule 6.

;

genitive.

proximat

26. pinqidj

is till'

coniuga

32.

Page

91.

Carthaginis caelo

Zygiam

note, p. 08,

fond of

this post-classical verb.

Appro-

word

a (iieek 1.

exanclatis

coniunx.

the Oriental goddess Tanit

was

identified

tlative of direction.

word applied

Juno

;vs

goddess of marriage.

21.

"endured."

14.

ad istum modum contra voluntatem

27.

ultroneani

29.

Qui Bciaa an etiam

11.

the cla.ssical

with Juno.

Apuleius

ordinaiy word.

sec note, p. 72, .

10.

praestare

" to oppose the vdshes."

late Latin for colnnldr'utin. .

repperias

.see

note, p. 89,

13.

Page

principium

32. the

CUl'ID

93]

way

Page

I'SYCIIE

143

meditabatur obsecrationis

was studying

she should begin her plea."

remediis abnuens the common construction is the would at least expect de ; cf. Sal. Jug. 84, 3 neque

92.

accusative. ille

AND

senatus de ullo negotio abnuere audebat.

ante thalami rudimentum

" before the consummation

of their

union." 5.

damno pretiosum

ipsius auri

The

itself."

filing

away

"costly by the

of the valuable

loss of the gold

metal added to the

artistic value Purser's rendering " and costly by the lavish use of gold palpably a misunderstanding of the author's rather striking

of the object. itself," is

expression.

suave adverbial use of neuter of the adjective. The classical word is suaviter. 12. filiae Venus was daughter of Heaven and of Day. 17. operae necessariam "as necessary for her purpose." 18. caerulum supercilium the poetic use of the word supercilium, 11.

prose

in the sense of "

19.

demeat

20.

Arcadi

26. qui

a word peculiar to Apuleius, for the classical descendere. Arcadian because born on Mt. Cyllene in Arcadia.

called

the archaic adverbial form

libellum

29.

nod."

this

word

;

here equivalent to quibus.

used to indicate any kind of a placard or

notice.

31. per of the

omnium

ora populorum

' '

before the eyes of

Page

93.

retro

the metae of Mmtia " Maximus, so called from

the neighboring shrine of Murtia, sometimes

Retro, preposition in place of pos^,

;

identified

with VeniLS.

not found in classical Latin.

indicivae sc. pemniae ; the word is exceedingly rare. blandientis adpulsu linguae: "with the touch of her caressing :

tongi;e. 6.

the peoples

metas Murtias " behind

those were the southern metae of the Circus

all

world."

longe mellitum

longe

not used with the positive of the adjec-

tive in classical Latin.

famulitlone the classical word \s famulatus. circa tuas inquisitiones "on account of searching for you" tut would be more usual. Circa in the sense of de seems to be 11.

15.

;

Apuleian.

NOTES

144 manus

16.

incidisti

[Page 93

inter Orci cancroa

Orcus," as we say, " in the jaws of death." 21. latissimum the idea is " copious " :

perhaps a

is in manus, oi"within the claws

the classical construction

the dative case.

least

;

at of

wild burst of laughter "

fair rendering.

aurem

22. ascalpens

as a sign of impatience

;

ascalpens occurs only

here.

25. intervisere

lenocinio

32.

Page

94.

dicam

the poetic infinitive of purpose.

" by the enticement.

audiet "shall be called " probably subjunctive mood.

3. :

persons of unequal social position

;

see note, p. 79,

impares

in villa, that

is,

12.

between an out-of-the-way :

that

is,

make

hence there had not been the necessary publicity to marriage legally binding.

place

;

the

9. involat earn the usual construction in this sense is in earn. plurifariam diloricat "rent her garments in pieces" plurifariam is :

;

adverb.

grumulum

13.

15. frugem

the usual

word

cumulus or

crceruus.

"capability."

passivam congeriem " confused heap. mihi " perform the task to my opus 19. cenae poetic dative of direction. 16.

18.

satisfaction.

26.

certa difficultatis classem " army "

29.

sepedum populorum

23.

tion, 6.

;

an archaic :

use.

" six-footed host."

balsama the usual construction with fragro revincta corpus corpus is the accusative of specificaor object of revincta used as middle voice. "a ration of bread." The word cibarin is also cibarii panis

Page is tlie

"a.ssured of the difficulty."

95.

fraglans

ablative.

ased substantively with the meaning "rations." " went off to bed " cubitum is supine. " with his innamorata." 9. cum sua cupita

cubitum

facessit

;

11.

exanclata

sec note. p. 91,

commodum

inequitante " just as Aurora was riding in," a picSiie w;us just appearing in her car drawn by the Ilorae. ture.sque pluasc. despicicuius imi gurgites 14. attenditur " is bordered." unt a dillicult passage to wliich I can assign no meaning. See Purser's elaborate note. 1 should prefer the emendation of I'lasberg, recipiunt, and 12.

render " whose deep pools receive the waters of an adjacent spring."

Page

CUPID AND PSYCHE

97]

censeo

18.

afferas

19.

obsequium

" I suggest that

146

you bring,"

said with irony.

the archaic construction of the accusative case with

fungor. 25. istud horae "this hour." " as long as." 28. dum "until." 31. fluentum in classical Latin

See note,

72,

10.

quoad:

this woi'd

32. furia

Page 4.

word

classical

"and

cessavit:

poetical.

word furor.

attigm

96.

Nee

classical

vicinus.

carefully instructed,

by giving ear

was not remiss."

Inpaenitendo

the advice she did not regret, she

Apuleian. 5.

furatrina

for the classical /ÂŤrium.

secundum testimonium a play upon the aecundi laboris, meanings of secundus ; "second task " and "favorable recognition." 10. Bubridens amarum the poetical adverbial construction of the 8.

adjective in place of the adverb amare.

11.

auctor adulterinus

that

is,

views his connection with Psyche as 12.

oppido

Cupid

;

so called because

Venus

illicit.

the adverb.

inclusae " enclo.sed within the confines of the Conceptaculum is for the classical receptaculum. "from this same place draw the icy urnula 16. indidem liquid from the deep bubbling water of the top of the spring and bring it 15.

proxumae

adjacent valley."

straightway to

in this pitcher.

' '

The

adjective penitus

archaic.

" cut from a crystal." appulit in classical Latin appello is a 23. locos for ad locos. nautical term meaning " to dock." 25. inaccessa salebritate " by a ruggedness that prevents its being

dedolatum

18. crustallo

scaled."

Apuleian. " is.suing from the rift of the sloping opening." editi tramite " concealed by the course it had hollowed

Salebritns

proni angusti out in a narrow channel." 27.

28.

31.

colla

inconivae

convallem

for in convallem.

object of porrecti, used with middle force

addictis

;

a poetic usage.

"their eyes dedicated to a wakefulness that

never closed a lid."

Page

97.

impossibilitate

post-classical.

cause with mutata, which agrees with Psyche.

The

ablative

that of

NOTES

146

"grave eyes " a somewhat unusual meaning for The expression would ordmarily mean "heavy eyes," as with

graves oculos

[Page 97

gravis.

;

sleep or pain.

10.

pocillatorem Frygium

12.

diales

13. simplex alioquin this

weakened

Ganymede. word is purely

in this sensf the

"simple indeed."

poetical.

Alioquin frequently has

force in Apuleius.

quodque vos deieratis 17. vel f ando " at least by hearsay. " " and whereas you swear " literally, " as to the fact that you swear." See note, p. 3, 1. 22. 19. cedo the archaic imperative. :

;

genas

21.

"jaws," poetical for maxiHas.

trisulca vibramina

" the darting of the forked tongues."

remigium

22.

pc^etical for alas.

ut abiret innoxius, praestantes " allowing him to depart unharmed." Innoxius agrees with ales, which is common gender and was 23.

used as a feminine at the beginning of the passage in line " satisfy the will. 27. nutum expiare

exitiabile

29.

pupula Latin it means 32.

adverbial use of accusative.

a diminutive of affection ironically used. In classical either " female ward " or " pupil of the eye." :

"anointed with 7. Indidem delitam Page 98. theatrum "assembly." 13. praecipitem that is, by thi'owing herself headlong. :

the

same."

isto

17.

tor classical

isti.

huiua conterminam " adjacent to which. for sininl ar, a poetical use. canale "track"; lit24. simul erally, " channel." 26. offas concretaa " pellets of meal moistened with mead." 21.

27.

stipes

28.

continaberis

29.

simili

31.

nee mora

that

Charon's obolus.

is, :

is,

cum

see note, p. 88,

14.

cluudo. :

see note,

cumba

j).

17,

11.

the boat was made of hides stitched tofound in the Aeneid, VI, 413. nominative. The usual form is ])is. 3. Ditis patietur that is, no one nemo 5. prae manu "at hand." will allow him to die without it, but will provide it himself. 6. nauli nnulum is a Greek word meaning "passage money."

Page

gether.

99.

sutili

The same

('xi)ic.ssioii is

fluentum

see note, p.

1)5,

31.

Page

CUPID AND PSYCHE

101]

11. adflectare

leve 27. esto 17. 28.

future iinperative of edo.

qviid

short form of adjlectaris.

the predicate.

ill

147

adveneris

this indirect question is the logical subject of

the ablative absolute nuntiato.

redies

32.

archaic for redibis.

Page 100. 3. abditum some infinitive form has been lost after word scrutari has been supplied curare has also been suggested. " clear sighted " or " far seeing." 4. prospicua :

;

this

;

meatum

amnica

cognate accusative.

amnicus

12.

cibario pane

18.

mentem

p. 82,

20. this

post-classical.

see note, p. 95,

capitur

Greek accusative

of specification

;

see note,

(i.

nee

way "

quidem

;

that

24. coperculo

see note, p.

vel sic: "even in

1.24.

67,

not by her unadorned beauty.

is, if

revelatus

by the cover";

"revealed

forced

expression.

32.

Paychen

Page 101.

ad Psychen.

for

perieras

" you had perished. "

thetical indicative, instead of the subjunctive.

The

The emphatic hypoidea

that she would

have inevitably perished had he not arrived. 10. ad armillum redit "returns to his old tricks"; proverbial; according to popular etymology, armillum meant " wine-jar." :

13.

buccula

15.

domine

diminutive of affection. "dear son " dominus, even as early as Pliny's time,

fili

;

had become a title indicating respect or affection. servaris shorter form for servaveris, as also the perfects that follow. 19. ipsam luliam even the Julian law, de adulter iis coercendls, :

passed in 17 h.c. 25.

modestiae "clemency." puella praepoUet pulcritudine

26.

vicem

22.

note alliteration.

may

be taken as object of repensare. Purser's stand that this should be avoided because we can cite no instance of vicem as direct object

29.

when modified by a .

genitive does not

conventum

iri

seem convincing.

" he would be sued for 10,000

Dei conscripti

"gods enrolled on the records Muses kept the records.

31. the

this

poenam

sesterces.

of the

Muses"

;

NOTES

148 32.

this

adolescentem youth with

scitis

my own

"you

hands "

[Page all

literally,

;

know

101

that I have brought

"know

this

youth that "

;

note substantive 7Mod-clause following scire.

Page 102. tliis

statuque

dative

;

correlative with prosapiae.

expresses cause.

11.

congruas

19.

toti dei

archaic.

for the usual

omnes

dei.

Totus

tlie

word that has

sui-vived in French.

24.

suppari

25.

scaena

ranged 27.

' '

;

" in time to."

concinnata

" the celebration having been so ar-

ablative absolute.

convenit in tnanum Cupidinis conoentio in manum was a legal to signify the coming of a woman into the power of her husband

term used

by marriage.

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