John Johnston - Diary Notes of a Visit to Walt Whitman and some of his Friends, in 1890., 1898

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WALT WHITMAN.


The Labour Press

Ltd., Printers and Publishers,

Arkwright Mills, Miller

St.,

Manchester.






DIARY NOTES OF

WALT WHITMAN

A VISIT TO

AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS, IN

WITH

A

1890.

SERIES OF ORIGINAL PHOTOGRAPHS.

John Johnston, M.D.

edin.

K

KONORARY SURGEON TO HOLTON INFIRMARY.

AUTHOR OF

MUSA MEDICA.

MANCHESTER

THE LABOUR PRESS LIMITED, Arkwright Mills, Miller Street.

LONDON THE

•'

CLARION

"

OFFICE, i8g8.

-M

!^

^;,II|-^

i

72,

F^

Fleet

Street.



J.

W. WALLACE.

SOMETHING FOR A TOKEN.



PREFACE.

The

following Notes,

Diary record of a July, 1890,

were

mainly

a

for

referred

to

"

America, in

to

the

at

group

small

and

College,"

visit

written

as

from a

extracted

The

of

friends,

Eagle

any

without

time,

Street

idea

of

printed

in

publication.

They

were

afterwards

pamphlet form,

private

for

circulation,

and a copy having been sent

Whitman, he but

requested

sent

to

a

Walt

only endorsed them,

not

that

large

to

copies

number

should

be

of his friends.

(See letter on page 147).

Their

among

reception

Whitman having been

others interested in so favourable, so

frequently

and

these

and

requests for

coming xi.

to

hand,

copies it

is


PREFACE.

now

decided

publication,

with

them

complete

some

the addition of

the

during

taken

photographs

the

of

give

to

visit.

has

It

them

let

written

been

also

go

as

they

so that,

;

thought best

were

whatever

the most direct

originally-

may

present,

manner

the actual impressions

possible,

may

they

and perfect

lack in literary form, they in

to

the

of

time.

In this will

way,

preserve

which might

anyhow,

it

Whitman

it

a

is

hoped

certain

otherwise is

the

"

he

lost.

method

And,

which

wrote to

On

be

January gth,

me

you write give me a list of you have sent the Notes to. (I think

Next

whom

life-likeness

himself approved, as will

seen by the following. i8gi,

be

they

that

time

you have builded better than you knew.)"

At the celebration

of his seventy-second

birthday at Camden, N.J., on

May

31st,


PREFACE. 1

89 1, a handsomely bound and illustrated

copy of the pamphlet, with illuminated

was presented

inscription,

whereupon he "Say, you streams of

said

him from me,

to

:

who dabble

fellows,

literature, there

is

the bigger

in

a splendid lesson

that such notes as these of Dr. Johnston teach. It

the same lesson that there

is

the

of

that

'

Diplomatic

interesting

who

great fellow

"At

crying,

play,

last I

the Great Secret there

The

is

no

trick

if it is

is

in

which

secret at all

of literary style!

Later on, during

Who '

I

?

it

a in,

is

is

that

the secret.

almost wonder

here

all.

And

in these Notes.

give his fame for such a secret."

referring to the

the

'

of

have found

I

Secret

not chiefiy having no style at

A man might

"

—

it

comes

it

That

!

end

have seen,

I

The Great

Dr. Johnston has struck

reports

the

pursuit of

have found

1

in the play

is

At

Secret.'

can

doubt

same evening,

the

same

subject,

the

he said

Doctor's

American

Even those who doubt me, doubt

Leaves,

'

ought

to

see

Doctor handled his material

how

— or

superbly the let

it

handle

itself."

J- JBolton, 1898.


CONTENTS.

PAGE.

First Interview

Second

,,

Third

,,

Fourth

,

.

.

.

.

21

'

45

,

.

89

Brooklyn —

Andrew H. Rome — John Visit to

Y. Baulsir

.

.

93

West Hills — Sandford Brown

Visit to

69 78

Additional Notes Visit to

.

.

Herbert Gilchrist

Visit to John

Burroughs

Supplementary Notes

.

105

.

..

..

.

.

.

.

.

118 121

.

.

.

.

.

146


INDEX TO PHOTOGRAPHS.

PAGE. Frontispiece

.

.

.

.

.

.

Mickle Street, Camden, N.J.

Walt Whitman's Room

.

.

.

.

.

.

Walt Whitman on Camden Wharf

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

29

.

facing page

.

.

.

Walt Whitman and Warry Fritzinger on Camden Wharf Interior of Downstairs

Room

in

Whitman's House,

The "Fulton" Ferry Boat West

Hills,

—Whitman's

Long Island

John Burroughs Interior of

Reduced

..

.

.

.

.

John Burroughs' Study

Facsimile of Portion of

..

.facing pige

..

Birthplace .

.

.

.

6 ig

..

..

.

Walt Whitman's House

.

..

.

Whitman's Letter

49 55

68 97 103

.

.

.

42

123 135

.

.

147



A

Visit

to

Walt Whitman.

On

Tuesday, July 15th, i8go, I landed at Philadelphia "the city of

— love," — and

brotherly

getting through

Customs,

where

the

letter

Andrew H. Rome, inviting

him,

troublesome

called at the post-office,

I

found a

I

after

me

and

to go

and stay with

enclosing a

introduction

to

from Mr.

of Brooklyn,

letter

of

Walt Whitman.

Crossing the ferry by the ferry-boat Delaware,

I

arrived

putting up at the "

at

West Jersey"

Hotel, and about noon

down

to

Mickle-street, 17

Camden, walked which I

I

My Amval at

Philadelphia.


A VISIT TO

WALT WHITMAN

Mickle Street,

found to be a quiet and retired

Camden.

sj^e

street,

grass-grown

on

the

roadway and side walks, and ornamented with two rows of large and graceful, leafy trees, which give it quite a pleasant, breezy,

The houses quaint,

appearance.

semi-rural

are, for the

half-timbered

most

part,

structures,

painted different low-toned colours,

and of various heights and

Number 328

—which,

way,

is

an

unpretentious,

by

the

duplicated next door

front door,

—

wooden

steps

on which

is

small brass plate engraved "

Whitman."

is

two - storied

building, with four to the

outlines.

a

W.

and the vestibule door was opened by a fine young nautical- looking man, of whom I enquired if Walt Whitman was at home. On his I

rang the

answering " Yes,"

I

bell,

gave him

my




19



AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS. card,

and was shown

on the

left

of parlour, with

sort

room

into a

side of the lobby

the

—

blinds

three-parts closed against the heat.

The young man informed me " Mr. Whitman was pretty but had been rather sick."

that well,

He

"

would see if he would receive me." He returned almost immediately, and asked me to "go right upstairs, turn to the left, and go straight in." did

I

room

I

so,

and before

"Come

right in

!

was

in,

seated.

hand

got to the

heard a voice from within

calling,

I

I

in,

Doctor!

and in another miOment and saw Walt Whitman

"

Stretching forth his right

as far as he could reach, he

grasped mine with a firm, tionate grip, saying, "

you. Sit

Come

I've

Glad

affec-

to see

been expecting you.

down." 21

My

First

Interview.


WALT WHITMAN

A VISIT TO

I

did

and

so,

his

words

next

To

"

were, "

And how

which

I

repHed, and he continued,

"You

find

parts, don't

find

it

you

quite easy,

and

in these

so,

but

I

just

and take things

it,

I

?

Strangers often

?

uncomfortably

it

you

warm

very

resign myself to

well

are

get along pretty

during the

hot

spell.

So

you've been travelling about our

you

States, have

" No,"

I

" ?

"

said,

I

only landed

Philadelphia this morning."

in

'\Ah,

I

am

confounding you

with another friend of mine."

And

so he talked on in the most

genial, natural,

and

affable

manner

a few minutes, until I said, " But I'm forgetting my letter of

for

introduction,

and

my commission."

me the opportunity of my seat from facing the

This gave changing light

to a place 22

by the window,


AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS.

where

I

could see him better.

I

handed him Mr. Rome's letter, and while he was reading it I took a look at him and his

then

surroundings.

The

first

thing

about himself

me was

that struck

the physical

immensity and magnificent proportions of the man, and, next, the picturesque majesty of his presence as a whole.

He

sat

cane-runged with

a great

quite erect in chair,

on

slippers

cross-legged, his

feet,

and

clad in rough, grey clothes, and a shirt of

pure white hnen, with a

great wide collar edged with white lace,

the

buttoned

shirt

midway down

about

his breast, the big

lapels of the collar

thrown open,

the points touching his shoulders,

and exposing the upper portion of his hirsute chest. He wore a vest 23

Walt Whitman's Appearance.


A

TO WALT WHITMAN

VISIT

homespun, but it was unbuttoned almost to the bottom. He had no coat on, and his shirt sleeves were turned up above the elbows, exposing most beautifully shaped arms, and flesh of the most delicate whiteness. Although it was so hot, he did not perspire visibly, while I had to keep mopping my face. His hands are large and massive, but in perfect proportion to the arms the fingers grey

of

;

long, strong, white,

His

a blunt end.

to

and tapering are

nails

square, showing about an eighth

of an inch separate from the flesh.

But

his

majesty

head,

in his

leonine

is

which

concentrated is

grace and dignity upon

his broad, square shoulders it

is

long,

and

with

set

;

and

almost entirely covered with fine,

straggling hair, silvery

glistening, pure 24

and white

as


AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS.

snow,

sunlit

rather

thin

on the

top of his high, rounded -crown,

over and

streaming

around

his

large

but delicately-shaped ears,

down

the back

and from and top of his

of his big neck,

pinky-white cheeks

his

over the lower part

lip

down

right

face,

middle of his chest of materialised,

vapour, giving

;

to

the

like a cataract

white, glistening

him a most vener-

able

and patriarchal appearance.

His

high,

massive

seamed with is

large,

minent,

forehead

wrinkles.

strong,

is

His nose

broad, and pro-

but beautifully chiselled

and proportioned, almost

straight,

very slightly depressed at the

tip,

and with deep furrows on each

down to the angles mouth. The eyebrows are

side running

of the

thick hair,

and shaggy with strong white very highly arched, and 25


A VISIT TO WALT WHITMAN

they stand a long eyes,

a

way above

the

which are of a Hght blue with

deeply

grey,

of

tinge

set,

rather

small,

calm, clear, penetrat-

and revealing unfathomable depths of tenderness, kindness, and

ing,

The

sympathy.

upper

eyelids

droop considerably over the eyethe

balls,

the

The

right.

more than

rather

left

are

lips

full

partly hidden by the thick, white

The

moustache. impresses

one

resoluteness,

whole

with

a

strength,

and

and yet

lectual power,

face

sense of intel-

withal,

it

evinces a winning sweetness, un-

conquerable radiance, and hopeful

His voice

joyousness.

is

highl}^

pitched and musical, with a timbre

which

man.

is

astonishing in an

There

is

old

none of the usual

senile tremor, quaver, or shrillness, his utterance being clear, ringing, 26


AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS.

and most sweetly musical. But it was not in any one of these features that his charm lay so much as in his tout ensemble and the irresistible magnetism of his sweet, aromatic presence, which seemed to exhale sanity, purity, and naturalness, and exercised over me an attraction which posime, producing an

tively astonished

exaltation of

mind and

soul which

no man's presence ever did I felt that I was here face

before.

to face

with the living embodiment of

all

was good, noble, and lovable humanity

that in

Before

me,

I

refer

I

may

to his talk with

say a word about his

surroundings, which were unique. All around

him were books, manu-

scripts, letters, papers,

magazines,

up with bits of string, photographs, and literary materiel, parcels tied

27

His Surround,


A VISIT TO

WALT WHITMAN

which was piled on the table a yard high, filled two or three wastepaper baskets, flowed over them

on to the

beneath the table,

floor,

on to and under the chairs, bed, wash-stand,

etc., so

that whenever

he moved from his chair he had

wade through this sea of chaotic disorder and confusion. And yet it was no disorder to him, for he knew where to lay his hands upon whatever he wanted, in a few literally to

moments. His apartment

is

square, with three

roomy, almost

windows

—

—one

up facing the north. The boarded floor is partly carpeted, and on the east side stands blinded

an iron stove with stove pipe partly in the

stove

room. is

a

On little

posite the stove

is

the top of the tin

mug.

Op-

a large wooden

bedstead, over the head of which 28




29



AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS.

hang

of his

portraits

father

and

Near the bed, under the bUnded-up window, is the washstand, a plain wooden one, with a white wash-jug and basin. There

mother.

two large tables in the room, one between the stove and the are

window, and one between that and the wash-stand. Both of these are piled up with

sorts

all

of papers, scissorings, magazines, proof-sheets, books, etc., etc.

Some

big boxes and a few chairs complete

On

the furniture.

the walls, and

on the mantel piece, are pinned or tacked

various

photographs

—

pictures

and

Osceola, Dr. Bucke,

Professor Rudolph Schmidt,

etc.,

etc.

He

himself

sits

between the two

back to the the huge cane chair,*

windows, with his stove,

in

* -since described by himself in a letter to me as " the big, rattan, heavy-timbered, old yellow chair "-

31


WALT WHITMAN

A VISIT TO

which was a Christmas present from the children of Mr. Donald-

made

specially

Raising

Rome's the

his

letter,

of a

aid

for

head from Mr. which he read with vulcanite-

folding

" Oh. Doctor,

said

you did not need

an introduction to

me

my

first

printer, with his

other brothers, and

regard

He

for

I

have a deep

them."

talked so freely, and so un-

constrainedly to hour, that

down

am old

You know

Andrew Rome.

he was

I

my

but

;

very glad to hear from friend

was

him.

rimmed pince-nez, he His Talk.

and

Philadelphia,

of

son,

all

I

me

for

cannot possibly note

that he said

following are

over an

;

and the

mere scraps of

his

most intensel}' interesting talk " That must be a very nice little :

circle

of

friends 33

you

have

at


AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS.

Bolton."

on

—"

and he went will tell them

assented,

I

hope you

I

how deeply

sensible

am

I

of their

appreciation and regard for

and

my

should

I

friends in

come

you England like

how

across

me

;

to tell all

whom you

grateful

I

am,

not only for their appreciation, but for their

more substantial tokens

of goodwill.

have- sometimes

I

thought of putting

my

acknow-

ledgments in print in some form or other. to I

it,

but

have already alluded

I I

feel it

deserves more.

have a great many friends

in

England, Scotland, and Ireland, but most in England.

hope

I

I

acknowledged your and Mr. Wallace's communications some

—

my

of

correspondents are rather

do not wish to be on

remiss,

and

the

of defaulters at all."

list

This gave

I

me an 33

opportunity of


A VISIT TO

WALT WHITMAN

him with the book and

presenting

W. letter which my friend J. Wallace had kindly commissioned me

The book was

to give him.

" Introduction to the

Symonds's Study of Dante," and while reading the letter he exclaimed :

"

How

wonderfully

Mr. Wallace writes

"Yes,"

just as distindtly as

"Ah,

that

is

teristics, then.

!

"and he

said,

I

distinctly

"

speaks

he writes."

one of his characIt is

a pleasure to

see such beautiful writing.

one

times

has

to

Some-

wrestle

with

handwriting." "

Reading on, he exclaimed, Have you met Symonds ? " " No," I replied. "

He

is

a great friend of mine,"

he continued, often

given

" never

but

and he has good a many of his

heard from

me

seen,

34

;


AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS.

books

from time to time.

writes

a good

He

and writes

deal,

and he reads my books." Reading further on, he said,

well

;

What

"

wonderful

a

Wallace has

for the

external nature

—the

light,

the

(This

was

earth."

ference to

a sentence in

Wallace's

letter

draft

in

" '

this

That used Leaves

Mr.

eye

beauties of

the sky, in

re-

J.

W. "

beginning,

the open

I

fields.")

to be a kink of mine.

was

of Grass,'

mainly

gestated by the sea shore, on the

west coast of I

is

Long

where There

Island,

was born and brought up. a great deal of sea there." I

here mentioned that

I

pur-

posed visiting Long Island and Huntington.

"You do!" ;

"then

Hills.

It is

claimed, evidently pleased

you must go

to

West

he ex-

a very pidluresque place, and 35

is


A VISIT TO still

WALT WHITMAN

occupied by the same family,

named

Jarvis, that

father

and mother

rather a

It is

my

succeeded the

farm.

common name

there,

in

and I think it must be a corruption of some old English name." " Do you know Gilchrist ? " he ,

then asked.

"No,"

said,

I

"but

have an

I

introdudlion to him, from Captain

Nowell, of the British Prince.

he

believe

is

staying

I

Long

on

Island."

" Yes," close

he

answered,

Huntington.

to

" quite

He

is

located there, and you must go

and see him." Here I handed

him

W.

J.

Wallace's beautiful letter to the day before

he read

it, !

was

departure;.

he exclaimed, "

dear fellow "

he

my

me As The

At one part of

visibly 36

affedled

—

it

tears


AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS.

Standing in his eyes

few

—and

for a

moments he did not attempt

to speak.

Upon my

saying that

intended

I

going to Timber Creek, he said,

"That is a place I am of. You must, while and see Mrs. Susan

very fond there,

go

Stafford, at

Glendale, three miles from Timber Creek.

She

mine.

Tell

is

a great friend of

her that you have

seen me, and that

am

I

as

still,

I

say, holding the fort."

On my

saying that

I

might

call

on John Burroughs, he took up his big pen and wrote out the address on one of his envelopes, as well

whom if

as

that

Dr.

of

he suggested

I

Bucke,

should

visit,

possible.

"Do soil

"

you know Robert Inger-

?" he asked me.

Only by repute," 37

His

opinion of

IngevsoU. I

replied.


WALT WHITMAN

A VISIT TO

"He

was

at

your banquet, accord-

ing to the report in the paper you sent me."

" Yes," he said, " and

made a

good speech of over an hour long. He lately sent me a copy of one of his books, most beautifully got up. Here it is," handing it to me, and showing me the inscription on the fly-leaf.

"

He

—one of those

man men who remind me

of the ancient

is

a wonderful

Peripatetics,

who

used to deliver long orations in a

manner which few nowadays

can.

In IngersoU there are none of the stock tricks of oratory, but

it

flows

from him as freely as water, pure

and clear, from a hidden spring which eludes all the investigations of chemistry.

naturalness, everything

It

has spontaneity,

and yet

behind

it

y

But he checked 38

himself, saying,


AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS.

"I'm

fringing I

too much, and in-

talking

on the doctor's orders, and

may have

to

pay

for

it

by some

Httle prostration."

This led him to again refer to condition, which

his physical

had spoken of

we

at the beginning of

the interview. "

I

am

fairly

well,

present, though

I

for

me, at

have been sick

had breakfast on bread and honey there's some of the honey up lately.

live

I

very simply.

I

there," pointing to a butter-cooler

half buried in the pile of papers

on the

table.

On my " It

is in

friend

make

tasting

who it

delicious

the bees,

it,

he remarked,

the comb, just as the good lives

sends ?

it

where the bees to

me.

Isn't

it

You can almost taste Then I'm can't you ?

very fond of blackberries and 39

fruits

His Health "'''^'^

Habits.


WALT WHITMAN

A VISIT TO

generally.

I

breakfast

at

have two meals a day half-past

nine,

dinner at four o'clock. into

get out

the open air every day,

possible I

I

and

my

;

if

man wheels me

nurse (the young

had seen downstairs)

out in the cool of the evening, and I

get along wonderfully well.

My

physical functions are fairly regular,

my

and

mental faculties are

except that they are

unaffected,

The wounded brain has been somehow I don't know the exact physical slower than they used to be.

condition doctors is

still

doubt

I

know as

— but

good as

exception of

its

if

even the

my

mentality

ever, with the

being slower than

formerly." I

here referred to his paralysis.

is

my

best, but

of power in

my

I

my

right

arm

have a good

deal

" Yes," he said, "

left."

40


AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS.

He

then held

which

feel,

out for

it

and

did,

I

at the wonderful

prised

me

was

I

to

sur-

softness

and pliancy of the skin, and the firmness and fulness of the muscles beneath.

As

1

enough "

I

thought I

wish

rose to go,

?

I

I.

that

glancing

and,

said

given you

my

suppose so."

replied

I

when he

could "give you some-

I

Have

thing.

picture

had stayed long

I

had not, I saw a

he

round,

torn scrap photograph of himself

among it

the pile of papers, and held

towards him.

"Ah," he but

if

you care

said, -"that's

to

have

it

torn,

you may.

write my name on it." And, taking up his huge pen, he wrote on it, "Walt Whitman, July I'll

1890."

Before leaving him 41

I

happened


A VISIT TO WALT

WHITMAN

mention my copy of " Leaves of Grass," whereon he expressed a to

and asked me to come again to-morrow," and show it to him, which I consented desire to see

it,

"

to do. I

also

mentioned that

a copy of the first " Leaves of Grass "

I

had seen

edition (the

of

thin,

quarto copy which Mr. Cuthbertson, of

Annan,

has),

and that we

were anxious to possess

"Why?"

it.

he asked.

" Because,"

I

replied,

"we know

had been partly set up by your own hand, and the book showed the first inception of

that the type

your ideas."

"As

he

said,

"that edition was on very

little

to the printing,"

different footing I

from the others.

always superintended, and some-

times undertook part of the work 42






AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS. myself, as

am

I

a printer, and can

you know.' " Shaking hands with him, I came downstairs and was invited by

use the

'

stick,'

Mrs. Davis, the housekeeper, to sit is is

down

in the front

than the one upstairs and

less

evidently the visitors' reception

The most

room. about

is

it

adorn

and

portraits

Among

it.

striking thing

the large collection of

photographs

oil

room, which

paintings

of

these his

mother, and himself. piece

is

I

that

noticed

father,

his

The mantel-

covered with photographs,

among which Bucke, the

those of

are

late

Mrs.

Dr.

Gilchrist,

Mr. Herbert Gilchrist, and others* Curiously enough, trait of J.

of

my

W.

I

found a por-

Wallace, and a copy

photograph of Ecclefechan,

as well as one of myself, which sent to him, three years ago. 43

we His

^ÂŤ Room Downstairs.


WALT WHITMAN

A VISIT TO

wheeled chair occupies one corner,

and

his big house-chair the other.

Two

of

statuettes

Cleveland and

Hicks

Elias

ex-President

a huge head

stand

in

of

separate

corners. His Household.

room I found a little coloured girl, Annie Dent, "cleaning Mr. Whitman's wheeled chair," The young man who as she said. wheels him out and attends upon him, and whose name is Frederick " Warry," Warren Fritzinger Whitman calls him is a finelooking young fellow with beautiIn the

— —

fully

symmetrical

features,

coal-

black eyes and hair, and a quiet, unobtrusive, gentle manner. is

a

genuine

Whitman

says.

sea-captain, of his

" sailor

boy,"

He as

His father was a

and he has been most

time at sea, having been

round the world three times. 44


AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS.

Davis

Mrs.

— Warry's

foster

mother

and the widow of a who was drowned at sea

sailor

an

extremely

pleasant and comely young "ma'am," almost typically American in face and

is

speech,

in

striking

who

Warry,

contrast

speaks

without

the least American accent.

has

been

with

six

years,

and

three.

.

They

to

She

Whitman for Warry about

are both evidently

very fond of him. stay they gave

me

During

my

a good deal of

detailed information respefting his habits

and mode of

extremely kind ways.

life,

and were

me

to

After chatting

in

many

awhile

bade them good-day and

left

I

the

house.

In the evening

I

had

anothel:

—

good hour's talk with Whitman an unexpe6led treat. At 7 p.m. 45

My

Second

Interview.


WALT WHITMAN

A VISIT TO

Warry

he was wheeled by

my

past

right

according to his

hotel,

custom, down to the wharf, close

As

to the river.

my

about with

was waiting camera in the hope I

of meeting him, he accosted me,

accompanied them down to the river's edge. As we approached the wharf he exclaimed, " How

and

I

the air

delicious

On Camden Wharf.

On

is

" !

me

to

photograph himself and Warry,

(it

the wharf he allowed

was almost

dusk and

unfavourable),

down on a

after

log of

the light

which

wood

sat

I

beside

him, and he talked in the most

and friendly manner

free full

for

a

hour, facing the golden sunset,

with

the

blowing around lightning

and the

evening

cool

us,

playing

the

on

breeze

summer

our

faces,

ferry boats crossing

re-crossing the Delaware. 46

and


AND SOME OF

HIS- FRIENDS.

Soon a small crowd of boys coUefted on the wharf edge to fish and talk, which elicited the remark from him that " That miserable wretch, the mayor of this town, has forbidden boys to bathe in the

the

He

thinks

there

river.

something

is

objeftionable in their stripping off their clothes "

water

and jumping

!

In reference to these

he afterwards remarked "

into the

same boys :

Have you noticed what

boys

the

Their

American

boys

their good-naturedness

with

each

are

feature

distinguishing

temper

fine ?

is

and good

other.

You

never hear them quarrel, nor even get

to

high

words.

Given

a

chance, and they would develop the heroic and manly, but they will

be

spoiled 47

by

civilization,

Amencan -^"y^'


A VISIT TO WALT

WHITMAN

and the damnable conTheir parents will want ventions. them to grow up genteel everybody wants to be genteel in America and thus their heroic religion,

qualities

be simply crushed

will

out of them."

Among

His Talk on the

Wharf.

something

his other

remarks were

like the following

:

Referring to his services during the war, he said that the memories of the American people were " very evanescent." " I daresay

you

find the

land

"

this

same thing

Eng-

in

without the slightest

tinge of resentment or ill-feeling in

his

words

in

;

fadl,

I

never

heard him express an angry feeling except

when he

referred

to

the

mayor's adlion in reference to the boys,

and

to the influences

he knew would

spoil

men. 48

which

them

for




•yj^LT

WHITMAN ON CAMDEN WHARF.



AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS.

The

great hope of the

the

of

the

he

fact

America hes

in

that fully four-fifths

of

future,

her territory

is

said,

and towns

agricultural,

must be so and while in and cities there is a great deal of pretentious show, sham, and scum, the whole country shows a splendid average, which is an absolute ;

justification for his fondest hopes,

and nothing could ever destroy it. All his experiences of the war confirmed hrm in it, and it was yet destined to find a

full

fruition

in the future.

He

quoted the saying of the

Northern Farmer of " Lord Tennyson "as he called him

— " Taake

my word

for

the poor in

a loomp

is

exception

it,

Sammy,

bad"; which he took

to,

saying that the poor in

a lump were not bad.

poor either, for no

man

51

"And not

so

can become


A VISIT TO WALT WHITMAN

truly

who

heroic

is

poor.

really

He must

have food, clothing, and

shelter,

and,"

nificantly,

"a

he little

added

money

sig-

in the

bank

too, I think." " America's present duty," he continued, " was to develop her

many

material sources for a good

years to come, and to trust that the spirit of the as those

prove

men who

itself

and

fought

did would yet

soldiers

justify our

sanguine hopes."

He

most

repeated,

almost verbatim, the "Interviewer's

Item

" in "

gist

of

Specimen Days," the which is that it is the business of the Americans " to lay

the foundations of a great nation in

produfts,

in

agriculture,

in

and "when these have their results and get settled, then a literature worthy of us will commerce,"

be defined."

etc.,

Unlike other lands, 52


AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS.

the "superiority and vitality" of

the nation

lies

not in a class, a

—but

few, the gentry

in the bulk of

"

Our leading men,"

the people.

much

he says, "are not of

and never have

been,

average of the people

beyond

all

but

the

immense,

In the future,

history."

he thinks, " we

is

account,

have great

will not

individuals or great leaders, but a

great

average

unpreceden-

bulk,

tedly great."

Speaking of the war, he said that the surgeons, with

mixed a good

deal,

whom

he

proved them-

selves heroic in their struggles to

save the lives of the soldiers of both sides. " My sympathies," he " were aroused to their said,

utmost pitch, and

I

found that

mine were equalled by the doctors'. Oh, how they did work and There is an wrestle with death !

53

His nfennce the

American

War.

io


A VISIT TO WALT WHITMAN

impression that the medical pro-

war time

fession in

is

a bit ot a

fraud, but

my

dicts this,

and nothing can ever

diminish

my

experience contra-

admiration

heroic doftors."

I

our

for

remarked that

he had not put this in his book so

which he said that he knew he had not, but felt that he ought to do, and if opporemphatically,

to

tunity offered he intended doing so.

O'Connor and he, with a few others " who," he said, " must have been

something

like

your

Bolton,"

were

little

band

among

the few in Washington

in

who

supported Lincoln in his policy. "

We

hurrah

are ready enough to shout for

him now, but

that up to his death he

I tell you had some

very bitter enemies." "

There were times,

too,

when

the fate of the States trembled 54

in.




WALT WHITMAN AND WARRY FRITZINGER ON CAMDE.N WHARF. 55



AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS. the

balance

—when

many

was

feared that our Constitution

about to be

But

plate.

We

smashed

liked a china

survived the conflidt.

it

won, and

how we

us

of

it

was wonderful

did win."

Referring

to

Warren,

as

his

" sailor boy," he said that he

been of great service to

had him when

he was at a loss about the names, etc.,

of parts of a ship.

always

been

had

It

custom, when

his

writing or describing anything, to

seek information diredlly from the

men two I.

themselves, and he gave

me

illustrations of this.

In one edition of " Leaves of

Grass " he wrote, "

whale

swims

Where

with

her

the seacalves,"

because he had often heard sailors say that the calves did swim with the mother

;

but on reading

it

an old whaler he was told that 57

to it

'R.&" Leaves "f

^'''"'"


TO WALT WHITMAN

A VISIT

was a very exceptional thing for a whale to have more than one calf, so he altered

to

it

— " Where

the

sea-whale swims with her calf." (See " Leaves of Grass," p. 56).

He was

under the impression Canadian raftsmen used a bugle and he referred to it in one of his lines but when he went to 2.

that the

;

Canada he found struck

it

Speaking Edition

his mistake,

and

out in the next editon.

Walter

of

of " Leaves

he said he did not

of Grass,"

like

it.

like cutting a leg, or

head

Scott's

" It

was

a shoulder,

man, and saying that was the man." He preferred that people who wished to read him or the

off a

should have

tiic

whole

critter,

and

those pans of his book to which so

many

took exception, were the

very ones

that

he

most indispensable. 58

regarded as


AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS.

"Voltaire," he said,

"thought that a man-of-war and the grand opera were the crowning triumphs of

but

civiHzation,

Uving

more

he

if

were

now he would

find others

the

modern de-

striking

in

velopment of engineering, etc." "

A

ship

in

full

sail

the

is

grandest sight in the world, and

has never

poem.

yet been

The

put into a

man who

does

it

will

"

achieve a wonderful work."

once cherished

it

the

desire,"

I

he

"of going to sea, so that I might learn all about a ship. At another I wished to go on the railway to learn the modern locomotive. The latter I did to some continued,

extent, but the former I

asked him where

copy

of

Dr.

did not."

could get a

Bucke's

He

Moral Nature." Mackay's,

I

I

told

Philadelphia, 59

"

Man"s

me

at

and on


A

my

VISIT

TO WALT WHITMAN

asking whether

copy of there

1

could get a

" John Burroughs's "Notes

also,

he

" Oh, / will

said,

give you a copy of that, I

In

think

have one

I

I

you

if

like.

can spare."

After listening to his delightful

the Street.

talk

—

(oh, that

his words, and,

I

could reproduce

more than

all,

the

sweetness of his voice, the loving

sympathy, the touches of humour, the smile that played round his lips

and

in

merry twinkling

his

eyes, the laughter that shook his

stalwart

magnetism presence

and the

frame,

!)

of

intense

personal

his

—we returned,

I

accom-

panying him right to his own door in

Mickle Street.

He

talked the

whole time, seemed pleased with

and everybody, everyone, man, woman, and

everything

seemed

to like him.

He

and child

saluted

nearly every person he passed 60

.


AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS.

he

the car drivers

name "

;

How

How

;

do,

women

to the

door steps, with

he

said,

how

do

arms,

their

baby

Hillo,

''

?

on the

babies in "

young men, he said

to the

do, boys

sitting

by

accosted

friends,

The

" !

?

labourers

him Good evening, Mr. Whit" man and some took off their hats to him, though most simply bowed respeftfully. As we went along he told me that he had " sent off a card to Wallace," and continued, " When you see him tell him what a pleasure loafing at the corners saluted

with " !

it

is

for

me

caligraphy. that

I

struggle,

to I

can

see his beautiful

get so

only

that

I

many

read

letters

with

cannot

stopping to admire one which well written.

I

am

well printed book. 6i

a

help is

very fond of a

Your William


WHITMAN

A VISIT TO WALT

Black

&

Sons, of Edinburgh, pro-

some

duce works an

think

I

artist

splendidly

was intended

I

for

cannot help stopping

I

;

printed

to look at. the

'

how

it's

any piece of work, be

done' of a picture,

it

speech, music, or what not." " Ingersoll of

what

I

is

admire it

to

'

is,

? '

his

utterance

point

main question about

matter

amount

From my

mean.

of view the his

a good illustration

What

does

it

But I cannot but manner of giving

—

it

is

so

thoroughly

natural and spontaneous, just like

a stream of pure water, issuing we

know not whence, and flowing along we care not how, only conscious of beautiful

On

his

Doorstep.

all

the

fact

that

it

is

the time^"

Soon we reached his house, where Warren "scotched" his chair

in

the

angle 62

between the


AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS.

He

invited

to take a seat beside

him on and he

and the

Steps

me the

steps,

talked off

which and on

physical

allowed

me

I

did,

for half-an-hour

about

mostly

longer,

and

wall.

his

health

condition.

He which

to feel his pulse,

was pleased to note was fairly full and strong, and quite regular no intermission, as I half I

—

Upon my

expected.

expressing

the hope that he would not feel

any bad he said

" No, Do6lor,

though

from to-day,

after effects

I

don't think so,

I

have had quite a nurnber

A

of visitors. brother's

dear

daughter)

(my

niece

came

to

see

me,

after a considerable interval,

and

I

have had several others as

well as yourself,

been quite a

My

dodlor

is

'

Doftor.

field

very 63

day

'

strift,

It

has

with me. but

I

am


WHITMAN

A VISIT TO WALT

always fearful of being too good,

you know, and

I

trespass."

to

am He

the following story

An

Street),

who was

in all his

tempted

then told

named

him

Gore,

Mickle

(in

so striÂŁlly proper

ways that once, when

asked

doctor

the

me

:

old gentleman,

lived opposite to

he

often

so

ill,

many

questions about what he must eat,

and avoid, that the doctor told him the best thing for him would be to go on a "devil of a drunk"! "By which," said drink,

"

Whitman, he lived so

I

guess he meant that

strictly

by

rules, that

would be best for him to break through and away from them all it

And

for once.

chuckle,

way "

"

I

he added, with a

sometimes

I

myself!

"

feel

that

"

suppose after this

I

shall

have what Oliver Wendell Holmes 64


AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS, calls

'

a large poultice of silence.'

Holmes

a clever fellow, but he

smart, too cute, too epi-,

too

is

is

grammatic, to be a true poet." "

Emerson came nigh being our

greatest is

man

in fadl,

;

I

think he

our greatest man."

Some

people

saluting him,

have

to

said, "

I

and

passing

You seem

about you,

lots of friends

Mr. Whitman." " Yes," he replied, "

some very

and

I

bitter enemies.

have

The

old Devil has not gone from the earth without leaving

some of

his

emissaries behind him."

He wrote

then referred to the lines he

—

—upon

at the request of

the

death

of

German Emperor, and his

an editor the

old

said that

Democratic and Liberal friends

were incensed at him 65

for

venturing .E


WALT WHITMAN

A VISIT TO

say

a word

"You

know,

to

in I

his

favour."

Kings,

include

Queens, Emperors, Nobles, Barons,

and the aristocracy generally in my net excluding nobody and nothing human and this does not seem to be relished by these narrow-minded folks." " I had a visit last year from a young English earl, who, in the

course of conversation, said "

'

I

:

have an impression

that

you regard lords and nobles

as

akin to fools.' " Well,' I replied,

an

'

'

there

is

impression of that kind abroad.' "

'

ture *

But,' said the earl, to

The

'

I

ven-

hope that you may be

following are the lines referred to

;

The Dead Emperor. To-day, with bending head and eyes, thou, too, Columbia, Less for the mighty crown laid low in sorrow—less for

Thy

the Emperor; true condolence breathest, sendest out o'er

many

salt sea mile.

Mourning a good old man

—a faithful shepherd patriot. 66

a


AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS.

admit that there may

willing to

be exceptions

—that

they are not

'

all alike

!

"Which Whitman,

I

thought,"

said

" a

remarkably

good

answer."

As

was now 9 p.m. (his bedbade him good night, and

it

time),

I

went

to

my

hotel,

many

pondering

and marvelling at the wondrous magnetic attraction this man had for me for I felt I could stay with him on

deeply

things,

for ever.

Wednesday,

16th.

July

A.

magnificent day, but so intensely

hot that is

movement

was my Timber Creek

almost impossible.

intention to go to to-day, is

of any kind

but

not very

as

I

It

find

that

it

easy of access, and

the temperature being so oppressive,

I

resolved to spend the time 67

Another

Day

at Michle-street.


WALT WHITMAN

A VISIT TO

at

328, Mickle-street

am

glad that

have been graphs

of

did

I

instead.

take

to

the

house

and

pleasant

converse

have

a great

with

little

my

is

She

person,

mingly

natural

wonder

at

while

unassuming, frank,

engraved ex-

send

to

present to

and

that

is

them.

an altogether so I

Whitman

Warren

its

much

and

desire

something as a agreeable

and

Whitman,

of

pressed

I

photo-

held

me an

Mrs. Davis gave portrait

wife.

because

so,

able

inmates,

I

char-

do

not

liking her

so

gentle,

intelligent,

so

and

unafifedledly kind-hearted, that the

him the better I He and I had quite a like him. long chat and a stroll, which I enjoyed very much, and all he more

told

I

me

see of

served but to deepen

reverential regard for 68

my

my

majestic







A VISIT

"

I

TO WALT WHITMAN

have found

that

John Burroughs's will get up and give it I assisted him on '

copy of

Notes,'

and

I

to you." to his feet,

and with his right arm round my neck and my left round his waist we walked across the floor to his chair, wading through the sea of papers on our way.

He

then

Burroughs's

me

gave

little

John

book, and taking

up two other booklets, he said, " I wish you to give these to Mr. Wallace, and these " (taking up two similar ones) " are for

——

yourself."

They were

Passage to India" (1871), and "As a Strong Bird on Pinions free " (1872). I

at

copies of

'

'

thanked him, and afterwards,

my

request, he kindly wrote our

names and his own on the pages of them all. 70

title


AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS.

As I did not want him to talk much, I showed him some of my photographs. One of Annan, from the

he

Milnfield,

especially

saying—

admired,

"What

a

beautiful

There's nothing

finer.

vignette!

very

It is

pretty."

He

looked at

interest

for

though

I

it

intended

Burroughs

I

with

evident

and

several minutes,

gave

it

it

John

for

to him.

He was interested in my copies of "Leaves of Grass" and "Specimen Days" (Wilson and McCormick's), which he had not seen before, but he at once recognised the type,

and "

and

said, I

see they their

believe they

have used our type

own

title

page.

had permission

to

I

do

so."

When

shewn the photograph of 71


A

the

VISIT

TO WALT WHITMAN.

" Eagle-street

of

interior

College," he exclaimed, "

So this is the room where you good fellows all meet What a beautiful room I asked him if he recognised the !

!

''

portrait on the wall. " Is

it

mine?" he asked

" which one I

told

him that

it

the Illustrated

in

eagerly;

"

is it ?

was published London News,

when he said,— " Oh,

I

have seen

it,

and

I

don't

like it."

Why " " A friend "

?

asked.

I

of

mine says

there's

a foxy, leering, half-cynical

about

it,

and

he replied.

I

think he's right,"

" It's

a wonderfully

good piece of engraving, he added. I

look

though,''

gave him a photo of

J.

W.

Wallace's room, as well as those of 72


AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS. J.

VV.

his

W.

himself, which

I

took in

room.

He

referred

to

our

hour on

the wharf last night with evident pleasure.

Soon

rising to go,

I

said,

that the portrait of Osceola

" Is

? " re-

ferring to an old tattered engraving tacked on the wall near the door.

" Yes,'' he

replied

;

know much about him ? " Not much," I said. gave

me

"do you "

He

then

a brief sketch of Osceola's

history, telling

me

that he was a

whose grandfather was a Scotsman, married to an Indian squaw down Florida way, and when trouble broke out some fifty years ago he was basely betrayed, imprisoned, and literally done to death. Seminole

"

"

is

That

chief,

portrait,"

he continued,

by George Cable, who 73

is

quite


A VISIT TO WALT WHITMAN

a clever portrait engraver.

got

I

Washington during the war. It was packed away for a good many years, and when I found it it was all torn, cracked, and frayed. I spent an hour one day in piecing it and pasting it on that paper.'' it

in

Among

the photographs on the

mantel upstairs

I

noted the original

my

of the engraving in

edition of

" Leaves of Grass," two of Prof.

Rudolph Schmidt, of Copenhagen, one of Dr. Bucke, and others. "

And

that,"

I

said, pointing to

a picture behind a pile of papers, '

'

another

is

oil

painting of your-

self?"

"Yes," he

said,

"do you

like

it?"

if

"

I

"

Then you may

you

said.

do,"

like;

" It

I

replied, hesitatingly.

I

take

it

with you

don't care for

was done 74

it,"

he

several years


AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS.

ago by Sidney Morse, but think "

it is

I

don't

satisfactory."

Nor do

I.

In fact, I've never

yet seen a portrait- of you that

is

quite satisfactory to my mind," I " They are portraits, but said.

they are not you.''

"No,

I

guess not," he said.

"You

cannot put a person on to canvas you cannot paint vitaHty."* Before leaving, he again referred to his circumstances, saying that

he got along pretty well.

The time

of his extreme poverty

had gone.

He had many good

friends, his

wants were few, "and," he added, but without the least touch of sadness, "it will probably not be for

very long that thing.

I

want anyhave no desire to emulate I

shall

* 1 his portrait, one of the few oil painiings of Whitman, and of Jovine proportions, is valuable, as shewing something of the colour and freshness he retained even in advanced life.

75


A

WALT WHITMAN

VISIT TO

the manners of the genteel, and

whom

never was one to

even

or

refinement,

I

so-called

orderliness,

stood for much."

had trespassed much, and quite overwhelmed

Feeling that too

with his

I

generosity,

I

took

my

leave.

On

mantel

the

of

the

room

downstairs I found the photograph of " The Boys of the Eagle-street. well

College,"

as

Carlyle's

grave

as

and

those

of

birth-room,

which we had sent to him. In the evening,

walked down hopes of seeing I

to the wharf,

in

Whitman and

" Warry," but was

disappointed.

I

sat

down on

a

and ate my repast of fruit and crackers. Near me were a good log,

many

boys, of the lower middle

and frolicking, and I could not but remark the genuine class, fishing

76


AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS.

good humour that prevailed among them, and the entire absence of anything approaching to rudeness or

bad language

there was, but fun,

and

seemly

I

joking, of course,

;

good-natured

in

all

never heard a single un-

utterance.

English boys of

think

I

our

a similar class

would compare very unfavourably with them.

and

Nurses,

about bright

th-e logs,

and

I

sitting

enticed one

boy of three-and-a-half

little

years on to of crackers.

were

children,

little

with babies

my

knee with

The sun had

my

bag

just set

over the river, and Venus had risen in the

crimson afterglow. the waning

I

stayed

light,

en-

joying the cool breeze from

the

there,

in

Delaware, drove

the

until

me home.

mosquitoes

•

Thursday, July 77

17th.

— Another


A VISIT TO WALT

WHITMAN

day of magnificent sunshine and intense heat.

crossed the Delaware in the

I

Weenonah

—Whitman's old favourhe told

ite ferryboat,

night, while

we were

me

—the name

on the wharf Indian

the other

sitting together

of an old

though probably a

tribe,

a corrupt spelling.

My

Fourth

Interview.

Returning,

me

I

took a bag of

fruit

and received a most cordial welcome from

^i^^

my

to Mickle-street,

dear old friend,

whom

I

found

sitting in his chair fanning himself,

looking quite bright and happy,

my first visit, and clean. He gave me his

dressed as on spotlessly

manly

with

grip

extended arm,

saying "

How

Take a

He

do, seat "

Doctor,

—pointing to a

?

chair.

had had a fairly good and had partaken of his

said he

night,

how do

78


AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS. usual breakfast of bread

and honey

and iced water, I think) In a few minutes he said, " I'm

(with milk

going to send this photograph to

Wallace "

lifting

up

a

large

mounted photograph' from the top of his pile of papers "I wish him to

substitute

for

it

the one he has

hanging in his room, as that one at I

It

all.

I

don't like

makes me

look, as

told you, a bit foxy, sly, smart,

cute, will

put

and almost Yankee. So if you take this one, and ask him to

it

in place of the other,

be glad.

If

it

doesn't quite

frame you can get what we

matt

I

shall

fit

the

call

a

dare say you in England

have them I

I

—and make

said that

it fit."

Wallace would value

photograph very highly indeed, and I considered it the very best

this

one of him

I

"Yes," he

had yet said, 79

"

seen. I

think

it

is

The GuUhmst Portmit.


A VISIT TO WALT WHITMAN

They much

pretty satisfactory myself.

got

me

over in Philadelphia,

my

against spring,

inclination,

think

I

it

the

in

was, and that

the result of my sitting.

is

Nowadays

photographers have a trick of what they

'touching up

call

—smoothing out

their

'

and what they consider

wrinkles,

defects in a person's face

my

work

the irregularities,

—

but, at

special request, that has not

been interfered with in any way, and, on the whole,

good take

it

He

to

then

Whitman I

And now

picture.

my name

told

on

consider

I

it,

and

I

on

my

it,

"

a

write

want you

Wallace with wrote

I'll

it

to

love."

Walt

in 1890."

him

I

should try and copy

it.

"Oh! "he do,

I

said.

should be glad 80

" Well, if

if

you

you would


AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS.

send

me

a copy."

This

I

promised

to do.*

now produced my bag of fruit, and gave him an orange, which he I

once put to his

at

"

How He

dehcious

smelled

it

it

nostrils, saying, "

smells

!

in silence three or

four times, each time dwelling it,

and taking

tions,

long,

upon

deep inspira-

closing his eyes,

and being

apparently lost to everything except the delicious feelmg which the

aroma of the luscious to him.

do

I

fruit

imparted

noticed that he did not

any fruit except the and that grapes, peaches, and pears were admired and commented on, but not handled so this with

orange,

lovingly

orange,

or fondled

over,

as the

which he again took up

and smelled

after putting all

the

others aside. *A reduced copy of it forms the frontispiece to this volume. Dr. I He is endowed with exceptionally- acute senses.


A VISIT TO

He

WALT WHITMAN

then took up a

little

volume

Camden's Compliment to Walt saying, " Oh, I've Whitman " "

found a copy of that

little

book

I

spoke of the other day, and will give

it

you since you say you've

to

not seen

Now

it.''

it

so

happened that

I

had

bought a copy at David Mackay's,

and I told him so but that since it was his original intention to give it to me, I would accept it, and give mine to someone eke. He thereon ;

wrote

"J. Johnston, from Walt Whitman, July, i8go " I

in

it,

afterwards found that he had

put the following note on page

53,

by the side of Rudolph Schmidt's letter " This is the letter of R. S.,

Bucke says be has heard him speak of hearing the grass grow, and the trees coming into leaf. In the *' Song of M yself " he mentions the *' bustle ol growing wheat." And, as to scent, he says in" Specimen Days,'' '"There is a scent in everything, even the snow no two places hardly any two hours, anywhere are alike. How different the odour of noon from midnight, winter from summer, or a windy spell from a still one ;

!

82


AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS. referred to

by me when Dr.

about the'photo

J.

asked

in Mickle-street."

Speaking of David Mackay,

mentioned the

I

fact of his being a

Scotsman, when he said that he

had known quite Scotsmen,

,

a

number

of

scores

of

" dozens,

them," and had a high admiration

There was something "very human," something "very good and attachable,'' in the for

them.

Scottish people, especially in the

mothers of large families.

Scots-

men, he thought, were apt to be a

glum and morose, as Carlyle was, but as they became old they usually mellowed a good deal. I told him I had got an autographed copy of "Peter Peppercorn's" poems, and he said he was little

knew him for genuine goodness of heart, and

glad

I

had,

because

" Peter" very well, his

83

and

he

liked


WALT WHITMAN

A VISIT TO

his sharpness

of intellect,

He

was almost " canny."

which was a

Scotsman, or of Scottish

extrac-

sometimes came to

Camden

tion

;

to see

him

and, with

;

all his faults,

was a downright good fellow. Another volume I had "

Poems by Hermes"

whom

was

(Thayer),

He comes "and is a fine fellow a very handsome fellow. "

he also knew.

here," he said,

—

in fact,

I

believe he

modern and

writing a history of

is

Italy, including Garibaldi

his times."

He

most

afterwards

consented to

let

me

willingly

try to take a

photograph of the interior of room, which "

You

I

can't

did, but

do

it,

he

his

said,

Doctor, no

more than you can photograph a bird.

You may

the

bird's

fix

the

get an outline of

body, but life,

the

you

can't

surrounding


AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS. the

air,

flowers,

and the

grass.''

Before leaving, he shook hands

very warmly with me, saying, " Good-bye, Doctor, good-bye

my

Give I

and the and tell them

love to Wallace

rest of the fellows,

that

His Good-Bye.

!

hope they won't overestimate

Walt Whitman. He doesn't set up to be a finished anything, but just a rough epitome of some of the things in America.

always been

you you

glad

in propria persona

know

and

have

hear from

to

and now that

all,

I

I I

have seen feel that

you Good-bye, good-bye friends. Coming downstairs, I was you,

regard

I

as "

!

vited by Mrs. Davis to join

"

in-

them

in their mid-day repast, which

did

;

and much did

sugared butter,

regard

blackberries,

and it

coffee.

I

I

enjoy the

bread In

and

fact,

I

as almost the crowning 85


A VISIT TO WALT WHITMAN

honour that

should be asked to

I

share the hospitahty of house, and to

sit

Whitman's

in that quaint,

ship's-cabin-Hke kitchen, as one of

the family.

me a which "Mr. Whitman" used Mrs.

Davis

gave

some

time,

her

also a bottle of

;

tiful shells

which

and (off

her

had

given

fan for

to

most beau-

the mantel-piece),

late

husband

had

brought from the Island of Cuba.

These

are

presents

from

Mrs.

Davis to Mrs. Johnston.

Anothermemberof the household " is Harry Fritzinger " Warry's brother a fine, tall, handsome young American, quiet and re-

—

—

served in manner, but very likeable,

and evidently " a good

The

other

the robin.

inmates

Watch 86

sort."

are

Polly

the spotted dog,


AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS,

a parrot, Kitty the black cat, and a canary bird.*

While

was surprised to hear the poet coming downstairs "all by himself," and he

siting

actually

there

got

I

nearly

the

to

bottom before Warren could reach him. When he was seated in the front

"

room he asked

Has

' No,

:

the Doctor gone sir,"

" ?

answered Warren.

" He's having a cup of coffee

and

some blackberries in the kitchen." " Oh," said Whitman, " I'm very glad, and I hope he'll enjoy them."

We

overheard

him

tell

Mrs.

Davis that he had sent a poor

woman

a dollar, and she had just

replied, saying that she *

had

" re-

This bird, which was the subject of Whitman's

My

lines,

Canary Bird," died shortly alter my visit, and Mrs. Davis had it stuffed. It was brought to Bolton by Dr. Bucke, together with an autographed copy of the lines, in 1891, and presented to Mr. Wallace. "

87


WALT WHITMAN

A VISIT TO

ceived his

gift,"

which wording did

not please him, for he said,

"Why

can't she say that she

has received the dollar

I

and

sent,

not go running the devil round the post by saying that she has received

my gift? " I

my

then came into the room things,

"Good-bye"

again

held out his hand left

my

and on

to .him,

— this

one, simply because

to be the handiest at the

put

me

it

on

me

seemed

it

moment. to

my

me

my

box,

went with and even accom-

in the train to the first

station out.

In our talk he said

that he thought Mr.

enjoyed

pack

to the hack,

to the station,

panied

to

he

time the

Warren came with me hotel, assisted

for

saying

Whitman had

my coming to see him,

and

he had never heard him say any-


AND SOME OF HIS

thing but what reference to

Many seemed

FRIENDS.'

was pleasant

it.

of his visitors, he to

in

him

expect

talking about

"

said,

keep

to

Shakespeare and

poetry" and such-like,

and Mr. Whitman

all

told

the time

;

him that he

liked a little of the talk of every-

day

life

Mr.

occasionally

—

Whitman once

as

in fact,

put

" liked to be a sensible " times !

man

The following additional may be of interest

he

it,

some-

notes

Notes.

:

He

does not use tobacco.

should be surprised

if

could not imagine Walt

he did

I ;

I

Whitman

smoking.

He

does not use a

writing, but does

it

table

for

on a pad upon

and he writes slowly and deliberately, but without the least his knee,

perceptible tremor. 89

Additional

He uses a huge


A

TO WALT WHITMAN

VISIT

penholder and pen, and he seldom blots his writing, preferring to let

the ink dry.

He

speaks slowly, distinctly, and

with forceful and telling emphasis, occasionally

hesitating

for

the

word or expression, but always completing his rounding and sentences in his own way and I right

;

noticed that he frequently

made

use of phrases and words familiar to

me I

in his books.

cannot

forbear

quoting the

following interesting personalia of

him by Dr. Bucke, who has known him intimately for a great many Personalia hy

Dr. Buche.

years " He never spoke deprecatingly Qf ^-^y nationality, or class of men, or time, in the world's history, or

feudalism, or against any trades or

occupations

—not even against any

animals, insects, plants, or inani90


AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS.

mate things

nor any of the laws

;

any of the

of nature, nor of

these

such

laws,

deformity,

results

as

illness,

He

or death.

never

complains or grumbles, either at the weather,

anything

He

else.

versation,

under

pain,

any

never in con-

company,

any

in

or at

illness,

circumstances,

or

uses

language that could be thought In faft,

indelicate.

known

I

have never

of his uttering a

sentiment

which

word or a

might

not

be

published without any prejudice to his fame.

He

never swears

;

he

could not very well, since, as far as

I

know, he

never speaks in

anger, and, apparently,

angry.

He

never

never exhibits

is

fear,

and I do not believe he ever feels it. His conversation, mainly toned low, is always agreeable and usually

instructive. 91

He

never


A VISIT TO

WALT WHITMAN

makes compliments apologises

uses the

;

of civility, such as

very seldom

;

common forms

'

if

you please

'

and thank you,' quite sparingly usually makes a nod or a smile '

answer "

for

He

them.

He seldom

never gossips.

talks about private people, even to

say something good of them, except to

answer a question or remark,

and then he always gives what he says a turn favourable to the person

spoken

of.

" His

manner is invariably calm and simple, and belongs to itself alone, and could not be fully described or conveyed.''

Of

late years

changed

in

two

Mrs. Davis told not

he seems to have particulars,

me

(i)

that he does

now sing much, whereas singing

used to be his favourite amusement.

Dr. Bucke speaks of him 92


AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS. singing whenever

he was

alone,

whatever he was doing, such as while taking his bath, dressing, or sauntering out of doors.

(2)

He He

more than he used to do. certainly talked a good deal to me, and as freely and unconstrainedly as to an intimate and lifelong

talks

friend.

VISIT

TO BROOKLYN.

At 2-40 p.m. I took train for Brooklyn, which I reached about 6, and went to 79, North Portlandavenue,

residence

the'

of

Andrew H. Rome, where

I

a most cordial welcome from

and

his

good

wife,

who

is

Mr.

received

him

my wife's

cousin.

In our talk, Mr.

many new and

Rome

told

me

interesting details

—

Whitman's early life how he became acquainted with him, and of

93

WUk Andrew

H. Rome.


A VISIT TO WALT WHITMAN.

the difficulties they had with the printing of

the

first

edition

of

"

"

Leaves of Grass." Whitman," he said, "always earned his. own living,

was

liked

by everybody, was

never in a temper, never swore, to his

knowledge, but once, and then

extremely mildly, at something in a newspaper of which he disap-

proved

;

never spoke disparagingly

anyone or anything

of

;

was not

then a brilliant conversationalist,

though he talks more now, and had the knack of drawing other people

on to talk of what they knew best about," etc.

The

rest of

our conversation was

about Annan and Annan folks for

Mr. Rome,

Annan man

like

myself,

— and much did

that talk about

my

I

is

an

enjoy

dear old home,

3,000 miles away. I

have reason to believe that 94


AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS.

Mr.

Rome is the friend in to

referred

Brooklyn

on page 25 of Dr.

Bucke's book. •

Friday,

iSth.

July

gloriously fine.

In

company with

me

Mr. Rome, who took

many

first

streets,

I

Cranberry and

where Whitman's

" edition of " Leaves of Grass

was printed I

through

of the public buildings,

visited the corner of

Fulton

— Morning

at

Mr. Rome's

office.

afterwards crossed the Fulton

Ferry to

New York

down Broadway rode

;

the whole length of

walked back to Brooklyn over the magnificent Brooklyn Bridge, and

was much impressed by the superb view over the whole bay, with

its

and all the shows of Manhattan really the

splendid

shipping,

finest spectacle of the

kind

I

have

ever witnessed, or ever hope to do. 95


A VISIT TO WALT

Saturday,

The "Fulton Ferry Boat,

and

John Y. Baulsir.

"

WHITMAN

igth.

July

—Another

morning of splendid sunshine, tempered with a gentle breeze. After a visit in the morning to

Coney Island a favourite haunt of Whitman's in his youth I spent

the afternoon at Fulton Ferry

another haunts^

of

—-on

Whitman's the

youthful,

boat called the

and there I had another slice of good fortune. As one of the deck-hands saw that I was going to photograph Fulton,

from the deck, he suggested that should ask the pilot to allow

go on the upper deck.

This

and' the pilot's reply was, "

I

me I

I

to

did,

guess

you can, if you want to." I gladly went and, after a little whils, we ;

got into conversation, in the course of which I asked him, " Did you

ever hear

He

tell

of Walt

Whitman

?

"

looked up quickly and said. 96






AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS. "

Do you mean Walt Whitman

the poet?"

"Yes,"Isaid,"doyouknowhim?" " I should think I do " he replied. "Why, he used to come on this very ferryboat, when I was a young fellow, nearly every day, and go backwards and forwards !

with us for an hour at a time." " Indeed,"

he

"

said.

that time

at

like

I

about him, as I'm in all

concerning him.

to see

him

"

he

at

You have is

?

much

What was Tell me interested

been

I've

Camden." ?

"

he

said.

very feeble now.

knew him he was a

"

hear

I

When

fine, strappin'

fellow, tall, broad-shouldered,

straight

steady,

walked

;

swing.

speaker.

He

and seemed folk

talk.

I

with

He was

a

and

slow,

a slow

did not talk much,

to prefer hearin' other

He

took a long time 99


A VISIT TO WALT WHITMAN tellin'

a

when he'd

but,

thing,

know what he meant. He had a kind word for everybody

done, you'd

and from everybody, for everybody hked him. / have good reason to think well of him, for when I had typhoid fever he used to come every day with fruit and delicacies, and sit with me for an hour or two at a time, ill

spare

attend

it,

to.

when as

knew he could he had his duties to I

Yes,

I

have a very

great regard for Walter."

(This

was the first time I had heard anyone call him "Walter,'' and he often spoke of him by that name.) "There was a little book of his I used to be very fond

of,

called

Leaves of Grass.' Do you know it ? I've heard that some folks '

him

some of the things in that book but they need'nt come around this ferry don't like

for

;


AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS.

and

say

anythin'

Walter

agin'

Whitman." I asked him to write his name in my book, and I found it to be John Y. Baulsir

—one of " the Balsirs in "

mentioned

He

said that he

of

the

there

other

—John

Union,

Specimen Days." had known several pilots mentioned

Cole,

who was

the

of

pilot

George and Bill died suddenly and a pilot yet

White, Luther Smith White, who

"

;

;

alone at his post in the very chair in

which

He lowing

was then

I

sitting.

afterwards told incident

me

which

the

he

fol-

had

" Walter "

and he went one Sunday morning to Trinity Church, Brooklyn, and witnessed

Whitman hat. One

:

forgot

to

take

off his

of the church officials

requested him to

remove

it,

in

such a low voice that he did not


A VISIT TO

hear him,

WALT WHITMAN

and thinking that he

was defying him, he deliberately knocked it off, whereupon Whitman stooped down, picked it off the floor, and twisting it into a kind of rope it was a soft felt he seized the man by the collar and struck him with it on the side of the head three or four times, and then walked out, followed by the redfaced official, who vowed he would have him arrested.*

—

—

I

spent a couple of hours in that

wheel-house,

pilot's

him, looking passengers,

at

and

the

chatting

stream

enjoying

to

of

the

deliciously sweet breeze from the river,

the ceaseless movement, and

the brilliant and varied pano-

all

ramic shows of "Manhattan from the Bay." "^

On m;

he said

Whitman

it

afterwards telling this to Mr. John Burroughs'

was the only instance he had ever heard

resenting anything.

I02

of




103



AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS.

WEST

VISIT TO

Monday, July

some

a

Long

Wheatley,

at

letter

me

wagon

"

Island,

me

awaited

Here

from

Mr.

A darkey driver

on to West

Hills,

for

compels the admission of

I

in a " Brewster's side-bar

after a little difficulty

name

a

relatives

Huntington

Herbert Gilchrist. took

— After

2\st.

delightful visit to

took train to

HILLS.

Walt Whitman

where,

candour

that is

the

not so

familiar in the neighbourhood as

expected in I

I

I

found the farm house

which he was born. went up to an

Alighting,

elderly,

looking man in the yard. " Good day to you !

farmer-

Are you

Mr. Henry Jarvis ? I asked. " I believe I am," he replied. ''

" Is

this the

Whitman was

farm where Walt

born 105

?

"

I

enquired.


WALT WHITMAN

A VISIT TO

Whitman

" Walter

guess

I

?

so," he repHed.

" Well," said

long

way

should

" I've

I,

come a

to see this house,

much

I

to stay in the

like

neighbourhood

and

night

all

if

pos-

I

sibly could."

After a

"guessed in a

further

little

talk,

he

could stay there," but

I

few minutes his wife came out

and said she could not accommoHowever, after a little date me. sented to

and here in •

very room

first

After I

stay the

am, writing in

which

saw the

one years ago A Meinomhh

me

let I

night;

this note

bourhood,

grand

light, seventy-

supper with

gpgnt

my

the

!

three

the

delightful

family.

hours

about the neighwhich is exceedingly

strolling quietly •

con-

the very house^perhaps

old hero

Evening.

she

eloquence,

persuasive

1

06


AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS. picturesque, being richly

most

with

luxuriant

wooded

vegetation,

the roads seeming to cut their

way

through the dense undergrowth. of wood and shrub which lined each

climbed high up the trees, and completely covered the fences. The evening was gloriously fine side,

another going

superb

down

in

sunset,

the

sun

a cloud of glory,

the afterglow flooding the entire

western sky with blood-red, crimson,

and vermilion

colour, shading

off into violet, pink, yellow,

maize,

and pale lemon an " artist's despair" sunset, which was followed by a starry night of unusual brilliance and beauty just such another as I had witnessed at sea the Milky Way stretching like a saffron,

great

the

luminous belt right across star-sprinkled

sky,

galaxy

beyond galaxy, the constellations 107


A VISIT TO WAtT WHITMAN

shining in unsurpassed effulgence,

and almost shaming the

light of

the four-days-old crescent moon. I

wandered on

golden orb sank to

light until the rest,

when

noting the

I

the waning

in

upon a

sat

fence,

beauty of the " the drape of the day," scene at quiet

and listening music of the the

air

to the all-pervading crickets,

which

filled

with their chirping, until

the young katydids

evensong, and the

began

their

fire-flies

flashed

their phosphorescent lights

on the

grass, the roadway, the trees,

the stars

fences,

almost

overhead.

I

rivalling

still

and

to absorb the

peace,

and

the

strolled along

the road to a point where

sounds ceased, and

and

all insect

there

stood

deep solitude the

sublime

spectacle of the luminous, crowded

heaven above.

do not remember

I

1

08


AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS. to

have ever experienced such a

sense of utter soHtude and silence

when

as

silvery

I

stood there under the

radiance

the

moon,

stars."

They

of

"alone with the

seemed charged with a new beauty and a new meaning addressed to

my

individual soul.

Long did

I

stand there, drinking in peace, con-

tentment and happiness and never shall

I

forget

that solemn It is of

the experience

"hour

of

for the soul."

such a night as this tnat

Whitman

writes so beautifully

:

July 22nd, 1878.

"I am convinced there

are hours of Nature,

morning and evening, addressed to the soul. Night transcends for that purpose what the proudest day can do. Now, indeed, if never before, the heavens declared the glory of God. It was to the full the sky of the Bible, of Arabia, of the prophets, and of the oldest poems. There, in' abstraction and stillness (I had gone off by myself to absorb the scene, to have the spell unbroken), the copiousness, the removedof that ness, vitality, loose-clear-crowdedness stellar concave spreading overhead, softly absorb'd into me, rising so free, interminably high, stretching especially of the atmosphere,

109


A VISIT TO WALT

WHITMAN

west, north, south and I, though but a. point in the centre below, embodying all. " As if for the first time, indeed, creation east,

noiselessly sank into and through me its placid and untenable lesson beyond oh, so infinitely beyond anything from art, books, sermons, or from science, old or new. The spirit's hour religion's hour the visible suggestion of God in space and time now once definitely indicated, if !

never again. The untold pointed at — the heavens all paved with it. The Milky Way, as if some

superhuman symphony, some ode of universal vagueness, disdaining syllable and sound a flash-

ing glance of Deity, address'd to the soul. silently

and

Tuesday,

July

most refreshing

22nd.

to the singing of

little

songsters

at

sleep

a I

some sweet

my

window.

they are nobody here can

me, but they are certainly not

English. is

— After

night's

awoke

What

off

Specimen Days, pf. 118-119.

silently."

tell

All

—the indescribable night and stars —far

Even

the so-called robin

not the English robin, but seems

to be a sort of cross

between

it

and

a thrush, being almost as large as the. latter,

long

with a red breast and a

spread-out

no

tail,

which

it


AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS.

about with sharp, sudden,

flicks

spasmodic

jerks, like a blackbird.

was up betimes, and went out into the grateful morning air and the beautiful sunshine, which flooded and steeped everything I

with

its

glory.

walked,

I

through a

or

field

rather

waded,

covered with

tall,

rank grass, wild flowers and weeds, rising

almost breast high, and was

perfectly

amazed

at the wealth of

and the multitudinous abundance and variety of insect

rich colour,

life

there displayed, the creatures

seeming

fairly to revel in that field

as in an insect paradise.

club-bodied

dragon

with

gauzy,

wings

their ;

butterflies

ceivable tint fluttered

flies

Great

buzzed

diaphanous

of every con-

and hue hovered and

from flower to flower

brown locusts

and green III

grass-

Insect

P«''^w«-


WALT WHITMAN

A .VISIT TO

hoppers shuffled and fiddled on the

bending

slender,

the

stalks

golden-headed

tall,

grasses

bees

yellow-bodied, black-barred

hummed and

sang as they

flitted

from

the

flies,

moths and "bugs" of

nectar-laden

of

chalices all

kinds were there in almost countless

numbers

;

and the katydids

were loudly whispering their

self-

assertions, contradictory that " Katy did," and " Katy didn't."

Where

could such a scene as that

be found but in America

Soon

—too

reluctant to leave district,

Jarvis

the

?

was charming

soon, alas, for this

I

motherly-kind

Mrs.

and her interesting house-

hold

—my darkey came along with

his

wagon,

Centreport

to

take

Cove,

to

me

on

visit

to

Mr.

Herbert Gilchrist.

On

the

road we met an old 112


AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS.

man named Sandford Brown, I

had

been

Whitman

had

told,

Talk with

Sandford

knowri

Brown.

We

youth.

his

in

My

who,:

stopped him, and the following are

some

of the scraps of his talk re

Whitman

:

"Walter Whitman, or 'Walt,': as we used ter call him, was my first

He

teacher.

for 'bout

'

kept school

a year around here.

was one of

1

and I used.'' ter think a powerful deal on hirn. I can't say that he was exactly a' failure as a teacher, but he was his scholars,

certainly not a success. in

his

He warn't

He was

element.

always

musin' an' writin','stead of 'tending to his proper dooties

he was

like

a good

not very well st)methin' for teachin'

but

I

many on

guess

^

us

and had to do a livin'. But schooloff,

was not

was poetry.

;

his forte. Yiis forU

Folks used ter cdn-

"3

H


A VISIT TO

WALT WHITMAN

him a bit lazy and indolent,, because, when he was workin' in the fields, he would sometimes go off for from five rninutes to an hour, and sider

down on

lay

his

back on the grass

the sun, then get up and do

in

some ter

and the

writin',

say he was

idlin'

;

used

folks

but

guess

I

he was then workin' with his brain,

and

thinkin' hard,

down "

and then

writin'

his thoughts.

He was

but not so his uncle,

a

tall,

straight

man,

as his father

and

who were about 6J

feet

tall

high."

in

Here I showed him the portrait " Leaves of Grass," when he

said that he did not recognise the features as he then

he

did

recognise

knew them, but the

negligent

open collar, and the "way of wearin' the hat." style of the dress, the

"

He

kept school for a year," he 114


AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS.

went on, " and then F'anny, he thought

his sister"

— " succeeded

him.

did not see him again for

I

about forty years, when one day he

came "

'

to my house and asked me, Do you know anything about

Walt Whitman ? '"I should think

And

I

do,'

I

I

said.

looked at him, reco'nisin'

him, and said, " 'Yes, an' I^woze/ Walt Whitman.'

"

'

said

Yes,'

his hand,

'

I

Walt holding out

see

you do

have seen those that

;

but

I

didn't.'

" I'm one of the very few

left,"

continued the old man, "that knew

him in the old days, but there are enough on us to be his pall-bearers, and I hope, when his time comes, that he will elect to

lie

here,

where

his forbears rest."

all I

told

him

I

had seen a news-

paper paragraph to the

"5

effect that


A

-VISIT'

TO WALT WHITMAN •

he had selected his burial place in Camden, at which he hung his head, and said sadly, " Oh, I'm very sorry I've

never read his

Grass,' because

I

'

if

that's so.

Leaves

of

could not afford

buy it but I've heard tell that some folks say some parts of it is immoral but I can't believe that, because Walt was always a man of strict propriety. But it may be to

;

;

that thosb

folks;

don't quite under-

stand his meanin'. well

He

is

a very

eddicated man, and a very

deep thinkin' man, and I am quite sure that he would write nothin' but what he believed to be good,

and true. I believe he is far in advance of his time." " Yes," I said, " he will have to be dead and buried a hundred years before he is properly appreproper,

ciated." fi6


AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS.

At this the old man looked suddenly up at me, and said quite sharply,

"

say

Bury Walt Whitman, did you No,

?

sir-r

They'll never

!

Whitman

Walt

bury

Whitman' II never die!''

nodded

much there

as

significantly

to

"

say,

he

me,

as

at I

Wall

!

—and

have you

" !

"And in the

so,"

I

said,

"you

believe

immortality of the soul

" ?

"Well, naow," he replied slowly, "

would take too long to explain views on that subject, and I might say somethin' which might mislead you but I may say I it

my

;

believe that nothin' really dies that

has ever lived. I

I

believe, too, that

once existed before

present

form,

I

lived in

and that

I

my

shall

again live as an individual after

have changed

my

present form."

117

I


WALT WHITMAN

A VISIT TO

"

Why,"

I

said,

"that

is

some-

Whitman's beUef." don't know whose belief

thing like "

I

but

I tell

"

Walt

you

Whitman

a

is

and

{a.vounte of mine,

good deal on him. that because

it is,

mine," he said.

it's

I

I

great

think a

don't say

know he has now

I

made a name

for

himself

and

Lots of folks become famous. want to claim friendship with him now, but

But and

it's

I

hear, he won't

what

have 'em.

I've alius thought,

would give almost anythin'* just to take him by the hand and look in his face though I wouldn't tell him oh, dear, no I wouldn't tell him I couldn't tell him, what " I think on him I

— —

!

!

VISIT TO MR.

HERBERT GILCHRIST.

The remainder

of our journey

was uneventful, a long drive along ii8


AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS. the

shore

of

Cove

Centreport

bringing us to the Moses Jarvis

Farm, where Mr. Herbert Harlakenden Gilchrist is located and lives alone literally so and does

everything for himself

— — cooking,

washing-up, bed-making,

house

etc.

The

—an old wooden farm-house,

formerly built on the low ground

on the shore, but moved up to

its

present elevation sometime during the war

is commandingly situated brow of the hill overlooking the beautiful bay, which Mr. Gilchrist says is like the Bay of Tarsus, and is putting

on

into his

the

his

new

artistic

picture.

Under

hand, the house has

assumed quite a charmingly picturesque and rural-retreat appearance a sort of ideal artist home. On the walls of the rooms are

tacked

or

pinned 119

various

en-

The Moses /«»'«'«

Farm.


A VISIT TO WALT WHITMAN

gravings,

sketches,

photographs,

notably those of Walt Whitman, his late mother, engravings of some of Rossetti's pictures, a platinotype of his own picture

etc.,

the " Rake's Progress," (exhibited last year), etc.,

photographs of

friends,

and on the table a copy

A

his biography of his mother.

beautiful

rug

skin

of

covers

the

luxurious couch in the large room,

and

in the inner

spinning wheel. the

room

The

and there

back,

is

a fine old

kitchen is

is at

a good

orchard and garden attached. I

ing,

received a most cordial greet-

and an

invitation to stay

night with him, which I

could

not

accept.

I

all

regretted

He

was

engaged cooking the dinner when I arrived, and it did seem strange to hear this cultured English

and author

say, 120

artist


AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS. "

Excuse me, but

must go and

I

attend to the dinner."

And

a real good dinner we

had—

roast beef, potatoes, spinach, green

peas,

and stewed apples

the beef raised in his I

all

own

except

garden-,

believe. I

found him a most agreeable

host and

a pleasant companion.

We

had an interesting conversation, and it was with extreme regret that I left him to return to Brooklyn VISIT

in the evening.

TO MR. JOHN BURROUGHS.,

Wednesday,

July

2'},rd-

— This

morning I left Brooklyn, and sailed up the beautiful Hudson river to West Park, on a visit to Mr. ,

John

Burroughs.

,The Albany,

most filled

was a

luxuriously to

Our

steamer,

floating palace,fitted-up,'

overflowing

with

and a

Up

the

Hudson.


WALT WHITMAN

A VISIT TO

thoroughly characteristic American

crowd of well-dressed people. We were favoured with ideal weather, and the sail up the magnificent river was most enjoyable, the scenery being of the highest order

somewhat minus

like that of the

the

castles.

Rhine,

The banks

beyond the Palisades are beautifully wooded and diversified with houses, villages and towns, most picturesquely nestling

among

the

The beauty is concentrated West Point, where the scenery

trees.

at is

John Burroughs.

exceedingly

Landing ferried

to

found

Mr.

some

fine.

at

Poughkeepsie,

I

Park, where

I

West

Burroughs watching

workmen

sinking

a

well

through a rock in the grounds of a

new house

He

is

a

medium

fine,

adjoining

his

farmer-like

own.

man, of

height, with a well-built 122




''•^My,

;m JOHN BURROUGHS. 123



AND SOME

QE. HIS, /FRIENPS.,

.

good head, well posed

frame,, a

on

his square, sturdy .shoulders,

ai

long, flowing, grizzled

beard,

and

moustache, and greyish

hair.

His

sun-browned face has a peculiarly pleasant

especially

expression,

about the eyes, which twinkle with a merry light when he smiles

he

has

a

well-shaped,

mobile

Rornan, nose, a

and a

easy

and

nearly" miquth,'

broad, rounded' f&tt-

full,

He was

;

dressed'in a free and

style

—

grey,

,

horne'-s.pun j

trousers,

striped shirt, no vest, a

plum-coloured, loose alpaca coat,

white straw hat, and canvas boots

and

is

fellow,

one

;

altogether a gpod-looking.

with

a

presence, and

about

a,

genial,

him—just

might

likeable

an out-of-dppr

air

such a rnan as

expect 125

this

cultured.


A VISIT TO

lover

and

WALT WHITMAN

critic

of nature

and of

a most

cordial

books to be. ^«

/»s

Summer House

He

gave

me

and took me at once to his summer-house a shingleroofed, wooden structure, built of peeled hemlock and vine branches intertwined. It stands at the head of a vine-clad slope, beneath some reception,

wide-branching, leafy trees, directly

Hudson. It is open on all sides, and is provided with a small table, a seat on each side, and a couple of comfortable overlooking

chairs.

Up

the

in

one corner near the

roof

was a

On

the seat and the table were

last year's

robin's nest.

lying papers, magazines,

and books,

the " Culti" vator," the Country Gentleman," " Conservator," the " Critic," the

among which were

the " Chautauquan," the " Unit" arian Review," the " Blessed Birds 126


AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS. "

Lorna Doone," " Wide Awake," etc. We sat down, he insisting upon my occupying the most comfortable chair, and had two hours' most enjoyable talk in the delightE.

(by

Eldridge

ful

shade of that

Fish),

cool

retreat,

with the trees swaying and sighing overhead,

the

Hudson

majestic

smoothly gliding seawards of

the

us,

fluttering

around

birds

among

us,

in front

and

singing

the

trees

all

and the vines

at our

course,

much

feet.

He

was,

interested in

of all

I

had

him

to tell

about Whitman, and spoke very afifectionately

He said

about him.

he had been with him a good deal 20 or 25 years ago, and owed much Whitman, he said, was

to him.

altogether a unique

blem

for

the

man

future. 127

—a

pro-

When

he


A VISIT TO

(J.

B.)

W.

and

WALT WHITMAN

D. O'Connor began

to write about him,' there was a good deal of opposition, " poohpoohing,'' and ridicule, but now there was a great change in the treatment of him, and he was no longer insulted by the literary

^

guild, as :

he used to be.

Speaking

of

O'Connor,

showed me one of his told me of his death. "

he

and

letters,

Did you ever know him

?

"

he

asked. "

Only

through

Whitman," ''Ah! "

His Talk

I

his

on

essay

replied.

he said quickly and with

emphasis, " that was a splendid

re O'Connor

and Whitman,

u

^f ^^^^^ ^.y^m't

it ?

bit

fWell, he was

one of the most acute-minded men I

ever knew.

like a

His

intellect

Damascus blade-^so

was

clean-

and incisive. He was a vehement debater, and the most cutting

/

128


AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS.

He

ever heard.

brilliant talker I

was a great reader, and never seemed to forget anything he read he had it, apparently, at his finger ends. His essay on Whitshows man him at his best. It is

—

vigorous, trenchant, high-pitched, full

of sarcasm,

and

He was a keen and Whitman and some

is

unsurpassed.

controversialist,

he used to have

He

tussles.

fierce

held

was a great hater

socialistic views,

and emperors, whom Walt would often defend, and the two of them used to go at it pellof

kings

meljj

I

wordy wars, them.

He

care

didn't

but

for

these

Walt enjoyed

liked to be stimulated;

and O'Connor stimulated him with a vengeance At that time. !

Whitman came

to

my

house

in

Washington regularly every Sunday morning to breakfast, for three i2g


WALT WHITMAN

VISIT TO

A

He

or four years.

by the

always came

and

street-cars, rolling off

walking down street with a great swing, which was charadleristically his

He was

own.

though, and

never punctual

we had always to wait him he was never

breakfast for

;

methodical in his habits.

Mrs.

Burroughs used to make very nice

buckwheat cakes, of which he was After breakfast

very fond.

and talked roll off

where

to I

tea

to

O'Connor's,

joined

often

me

them. here for

and I've tried to come and live in this

at a time,

him

to

neighbourhood

by

when he would

has stayed with

weeks get

noon,

sat

home, going every Sunday

evening

He

till

we

—

in

a cottage close

— which would be

far better for

him than that half-dead place, Camden, but he isn't to be moved." 130


AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS.

In a

little

while

we began

to talk

my

asking

about the birds, through

him the name of a certain bird It happened to be the near us. king-bird, which, he said, was a remarkable

little

creature

for

keeping a place clear of hawks,

and such pests, frequently attacking them by getting on to their backs and tweaking their crows,

feathers,

them.

or

otherwise

He had

annoying

seen a king-bird on

the back of an eagle doing this.

And

thus began what was to

me

one of the most delightful treats

had

in

America,

viz., listening

I

to

John Burroughs discoursing upon While sitting American birds. there we saw or heard the following

:

—-The

cat-bird (a wonderfully

appropriate name, for just

like

the

mewing

its

call

is

of a cat),

king-bird, wood-thrush, robin, song131

John Burroughs ^"^

^^' ^'''^'


A VISIT TO

sparrow

WALT WHITMAN

sweet

(a

bush-sparrow,

goldfinch, swallow,

and,

the

on,

later

purple finch

songster),

little

phaebe-bird,

caught a young one

I

indoors next morning;

—high-hole,

indigo-bird, blue-bird, etc.

One

of the most striking things

about him was the fact that he recognised every one of them in

an instant by their notes their

could

songs at

or

their

—either —and

calls

once differentiate each

individual bird, even though there

might be several together of ferent species.

exclaim "

dif-

suddenly

:

That sweet

its

He would

is

the woodthrush with

notes

'

pu-ri-ty,

holy-

There is the song of the phaebe-bird^over there, you may be

'

!

just hear the 'ch-e-e-p' of the bluebird,

which

and there goes the is

robin,

really a thrush," etc., etc. 132


AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS.

had a sample of his wonderfully acute and accurate, powers of observation. While Later on,

I

walking down to the Post Office

he

—which

Postmaster

is

West Park

is

in

Station, he called

my

attention to an elm, pointing out

how

differed from

it

our English

"

These long branches overhanging the roadway and

elms,

said,

are favourite nesting places for the

which loves

oriole,

wind, and

I

to swing in the

shouldn't be surprised

we saw one in one of these trees." In a few moments his sharp eyes

if

had detected the very thing he exand he exclaimed, " Oh,

pected, there's

one

!

"

pointing

directly

to an oriole's nest swaying at the

very end of the long branch.

He

is

a thorough countryman in

what he

calls

hour " of

five

his habits, rising at

the

" ridiculous 133


A VISIT TO WALT

WHITMAN

and going to bed at g p.m. has a farm of about eighteen

a.m., His Fruit

He

^'^™^-

acres, fruit

on which he grows nothing but

—apples,

pears,

raspberries,

strawberries, blackberries, peaches,

and grapes for the market. He was much concerned about the apparently imminent currants,

failure of his

grape harvest, through

a black blight which had struck

He

the newly formed grapes.

me me

took

—lading pears — down

through his grounds with apples and

to the

immense wooden

ice-houses

by the side— " our only cathedrals here," he said —and entering river

them he tried to awake their echoes by shouting " echo echo " at the !

!

top of his voice.

To

a question of mine as to

he did with his vines, etc.,

plied,

fruit trees,

during a dry season, he "

They have 134

how

just

to

re-

take




Ill

135



AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS. their

chance and wait

rain

comes."

water them is

?

" "

until

Do you asked.

I

the

never

(There

a natural spring of beautifully

and good-tasting water in his " No," he replied, " We

clear

grounds).

cannot imitate Nature's method, which is slow, gentle, and pene-

Ours

trating.

soddens the ening

too rapid, and

is

instead of moist-

soil,

gradually through

it

and

through as rain does."

On our return

—a

he took

me

two-windowed,

study

into his

square,

one-storey building, situated a few

yards behind the summer-house.

The walls

outside are covered with

large stiips of bark.

san6lum,

we

devoted to let into

two sides of

find

it

well-filled book-shelves

the wall

;

a strong, well-

couch stands on one and near the door is an open

cushioned side,

Entering this

137

His Study.


A VISIT TO

WALT WHITMAN

fireplace with hearth, for a

a gun

fire,

jamb.

wood the

against

resting

In the centre of the

room

and a

large,

are one or two chairs,

substantial table, all littered with

books, papers, magazines, lets,

a good

etc.,

standing in the

pamph-

reading-lamp

centre.

Another

bookshelves

table beneath the

is

among which

covered with books,

were cloth bound copies of David Douglas'seditionof his

volumes, corners

stacked

while are

own six little

piles

in

the

of periodicals,

manuscripts, etc. Pinned or tacked

on the

walls, or resting

are

telpiece,

Whitman

—two

— Matthew Carlyle,

on the man-

portraits

of

Walt

or three of these,

Humboldt, these two last

Arnold,

Emerson

similar to the ones that used to be in J.

W.

street

Wallace's room at Eagle-

— Lyell,

Ibsen 138

—he

has not


AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS. got the

and

Ibsen

mania,

—Thoreau,

others, including the profile of

himself

which

appeared

in

The

There are also several pictures of birds, an oriole's nest in which the birds had interwoven some coloured yarn, a gigantic moth, and a good many other Century.

natural curiosities.

From

the study

his house,

to

where

the

I

we went

into

was introduced Mrs.

hospitably -kind

Burroughs and to their boy. The which was planned by

house,

himself,

is

built

ground, so that

it

behind andÂť two

upon

sloping

has three-storeys It

has

four gables, a porch in front,

and

a spacious

in

front.

balcony behind com-

manding a splendid view across the waters of the Hudson and its richly-wooded and fertile banks away to " the delegable moun139

His House.


WALT WHITMAN

A VISIT TO

The house

tains."

built of stone

veined

mainly

is

—a dark-grey, quartzquarried

slate,

in

the

and in showing it to me Mr. Burroughs remarked, " Who would build with brick neighbourhood

;

when they could get such stone as that close at hand ? " The upper storey

is

of wood,

part of the front

and the greater covered by the

is

red foliage of the Virginia vine.

The

whole

of

most charming, the the wood-work from

floors

to

rafters

interior

is

being

different

natural-coloured woods,

carefully

arranged so as to contrast and yet

harmonise with each other, and the

carpets and wall

all

toned

low,

and

papers are in

pleasing

combinations of colour.

—the Americans —we returned

After supper

call

our " tea " supper

the summer-house, where 140

we

to

sat


AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS.'

and

talking

watching

the

down

the

the light faded,

the

raft-tows slowly gliding until

river,

fire-flies

the

their

lit

chirruped

and the

flashing

out

their

trees.

Thursday, July 2^th.

and

monotones, overhead

stars twinkled

through the

lamps,

fiddled

crickets

tree

long

—

^I

arose at

6 a.m., and spent a most delightful

time with Mr. Burroughs in his grounds, study, and summer-house

—our

talk

being

mainly about

America and England, their poets, literary men, and literature. He has a sweetly-toned, well modulated voice, with a clear, musical

He

and fluently, and there is a marked individuality about some of his sentences and phrases which a ring

in

it.

talks

well

student of his writings could easily detect. 141

His Talk re Poets. .,


A VISIT TO

WALT WHITMAN

The poet who

more to him than any other is Wordsworth, and next to him comes Tennyson. The latter, he thinks, is more fluent, more universal than Wordsworth, and is undoubtedly a great poet. To him Tennyson's great charm lies in his universality and his sympathy. is

" Browning," he said, "

I

cannot

He

read with any satisfaction.

very

brilliant,

scholarly, but

very

he

very

clever,

is

all

is

the time

—

like someone turning somersaults over chairs.

striking verbal attitudes

It's

very clever,

gracious it

!

He

It tires

!

and

me

;

me

a poet

like

I

but

to think of

has not voiced his age

Tennyson. draws

no doubt

like

who

with cords of sympathy

love, rather

astonishing

me

than one all

his verbal contortions.

respond to Browning 142

who

is

the time with

;

do not he seems to I


AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS.

some

require

I

am

generation

of

trait of

which

deficient."

The

younger

Enghsh poets are, he remarked, a long way behind and the same is true of the American. Swinburnehe abominates. Morris and Dobson have written some good things, but ;

none which appeal to his deeper nature. There are none to take

—

the places of Longfellow some of whose things " will keep," as he

phrases

it

Whittier. is

—Bryant, Emerson, and Oliver Wendell

Holmes

very clever and very witty, but

there

is

nothing

solid,

helpful,

moulding, or formative about his writing.

He

deplores the present state of

literature

in

America, from

the

newspapers upwards. " In America," he said, " there is

a host of authors and poetlings.

H3


WALT WHITMAN

A VISIT TO

In

New York

there

is

a

'

Society of

Authors, of which was a member but some two or three years ago I

'

they actually blackballed Whitman I've never

been inside the doors

since that.

They would have done

themselves infinite honour had they

—/

him.

elected

him,

didn't

propose

—but they showed themselves

contemptible

little fools

him.

They

rate,-

obscure

mostly second-

are

Whitman

is

who

scribblers,

themselves

consider

by refusing

poets

—and

a poet, in their

riot

opinion [j

He private

spoke life

a

—said

his

he had very few

neighbourhood

friends in the

whom

about

little

for

he really cared much, his

neighbours being mostly rich merchants

who knew nothing about

books. his time

He was on

his

engaged most of farm and spent

144

;


AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS.

most of

summer-

his leisure in his

house or study, ever since a shght a year or two

illness

made him

which

ago,

resolve to live mostly

out-of-doors

;

but he often wished

he had some congenial society, and

Whitman now

that he could see

and then. He was sure it would do him a lot of good. On my showing him the large portrait which Whitman had given to me for Mr. Wallace, he exclaimed, "Gracious! That's tremendous He looks Titanic

Re

the

Gutekunst Portrait.

— !

It's

of

!

the very best

him.

I

have yet seen

shows power, mass,

It

penetration, everything:

too because

it

will persist in

shows

I

like

his head.

it

-He

keeping his hat on

and hiding the grand dome of his. The portrait shows his body

head. too.

I

don't like the

way

so

many

artists belittle their sitters' bodies." 145

J


WALT WHITMAN

A VISIT TO

" is

a magnificent head

What

"Every

!" he again exclaimed.

part of

large

it

proportion.

It

splendid stone necessary,

and

in .perfect

a

like

built

is

it

bridge — every

part

and the whole perfect

symmetry.

It is certainly

finest head,

in

the very

and Whitman

the

is

greatest all-round personality that this

country has yet produced.

SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES.

Such

are

during

some

my

of the details

I

Whitman

Walt

about

learned

short visit to

America

;

but interesting and perhaps valuable as they are,

I

feel that

they

form but an imperfeft record of

an experience which graved into

is

my memory

indelibly

as one of

the most important events of

my

life.

When

I

think with what open146


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Letter.

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AND- SOME OF HIS "FRIENDS.

hearted loving-kindness he received

what open - handed generosity he treated me, what

me,

with

me

allowing

and

self

me

he took to please

trouble

photograph him-

to

surroundings,

his

ran-

sacking his treasures for souvenirs

—"

somethings

his

great

love

for

tokens"

—of

me

an

giving

;

oil-painting of himself,

two auto-

graph photographs and graph

books

for

J.

W.

and myself

—when

hours

unconstrained,

of

I

auto-

six

Wallace

think of the genial,

had with him, and the homely intimacy to which I was admitted when I think of his friendly talk

I

considerate kindness in writing to

Bolton after of

his

my

first

visit,

anxious,

tenderly

arid

almost-

paternal, solicitude concerning me, after

I

left

him, because he had

not heard from

me—when 149

I

think


A VISIT TO

of the

many

WALT WHITMAN

tokens of his regard

we have been favoured with above all, when since my return I think of the immense debt I owe that

—

him through fairly swells

my

his books,

ful affection to

old man, that

that superbly grand large,

sweet soul,

" exhaling love as a dew," to

me

living

heart

with reverent, grate-

who

is

the ideal of humanity, the

embodiment

of

all

that

is

manly, noble, heroic, wholesome, kind,

and essentially lovable

in

our nature.

He

is

by

personality with. is

most impressive

far the I

ever

came

in contadt

Jove-like in his majesty, he

childlike in his simplicity,

pre-eminently affedledly

natural

sincere

and

and un-

through every

fibre of his being.

He

is

like

a piece of primeval,

out-of-door nature '5°

itself:

shaggy,


AND SOME OF HIS FRIENDS.

untrimmed, majestic, picturesque, as

of

a

with

piece

the

cliffs,

the mountains, and the

the sea,

and he has the charm and influence of Nature herself, tonic and life-giving. It is impossible, I think, for anyone to look upon his noble face, to take him by the hand, to walk and talk

prairies

;

with him, to listen to the tones of his sweetly

melodious voice, and

to gaze into the azure depths

of

his blue-grey eyes without feeling

drawn

to

him by that

irresistible

magnetic attradtion which makes almost everyone

He

is

those

the

He

him

at once.

impersonation of

qualities

Cameraderie dene.

like

all

which constitute

—nay,

he is Cameraseems to irradiate an

all-encompassing sympathy like an

aroma, so that one wishes to be always with him, and leave him. 151

feels loth to







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