2011 Kennebec Valley Edition by Discover Maine Magazine

DISCOVER

MAINE Volume 8, Issue 2

Maine’s History Magazine www.discovermainemagazine.com

Free

Greater Kennebec Valley Region

The Founding Of Sigma Kappa Sorority has long-standing ties to Maine

2011

Honoring Clair Goodblood Veteran of “the forgotten war”

Wallace Nutting: American Preservationist Extraordinaire Minister, photographer found inspiration in Maine’s history

2 4 8 11 14 17 20 23 25 29 32 35 38 42 46 48 54 58 61 66 71 75 77 79

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— Greater Kennebec Valley Region —

~ Inside This Edition ~

Charles Heywood The boy Colonel from Waterville by James Nalley Del Bissonette: “Goin To The Show” Winthrop baseball player had a colorful career by James Nalley Gardiner’s Johnson Hall Determination and desire of the community has kept the hall alive by James Nalley Hussey’s General Store “If we ain’t got it, you don’t need it” by Penny S. Harmon Wallace Nutting: American Preservationist Extraordinaire Minister, photographer found inspiration in Maine’s beauty by Charles Francis John L. Stevens: The Golden Hour Is Near First owner of The Kennebec Journal and foreign minister to the Kingdom of Hawaii by James Nalley Henry Herbert Goddard And The Kallikaks Vassalboro psychologist recognized as the father of intelligence testing in America by Charles Francis Togus Springs One man’s folly becomes a home for veterans by Penny S. Harmon Graveyard Hunting In Gardiner What stories are told on those old headstones by Penny S. Harmon The Genealogy Corner: Tracing Mayflower Ancestry by Charles Francis The Story Of Hazzard Shoe A famous name in shoes throughout the Northeast by Charles Francis The Founding Of Sigma Kappa Sorority has long-standing ties to Maine by Charles Francis Maine’s Own Lanteigne Family Five generations call Maine home by Aimee Lanteigne What Happened To The Judge? Judge with summer home in Belgrade disappeared in 1920 by Penny S. Harmon Freeman Knowles Flaming Socialist by way of Harmony by Charles Francis The Waterville Juggernaut Unlikely contender in 1944 New England tournament by Charles Francis The Cascade Woolen Mill End of an era by James Nalley Honoring Clair Goodblood, Medal Of Honor Recipient Veteran of “the forgotten war” by Charles Francis A Tale Of Two Teams Lawrence and Skowhegan High School girls of 1991 and 1912 by Aimee Lanteigne Sebastian Rale: I Pray My Work Will Save These Souls” Jesuit missionary directed the Abenaki mission on the Kennebec River by James Nalley Walking Through Railroading History In Northwestern Maine Train lover has collected much memorabilia by Ian MacKinnon Camp Spencer North woods POW camp used prisoners for lumber production by Erick T. Gatcomb Directory Of Advertisers See who helps us bring Maine’s history to you!

Discover Maine Magazine Greater Kennebec Valley Region Published Annually by CreMark, Inc. 10 exchange Street, Suite 208 Portland, Maine 04101 (207) 874-7720 info@discovermainemagazine.com

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Jim Burch

Designer & editor Michele Farrar

Advertising & Sales Manager Cesario Rodriguez

Advertising & Sales Tim Maxfield Craig Palmacci Eric Stinson

Office Manager Liana Merdan

Field Representatives George Tatro Andrew Burch

Contributing Writers

Charles Francis fundy67@yahoo.ca Erick T. Gatcomb Penny S. Harmon Aimee Lanteigne Ian MacKinnon James Nalley

Maps supplied by Galeyrie Maps & Frames, and are available for reprint at Galeyrie.com. See their ad on page 25.

Discover Maine Magazine is distributed to fraternal organizations, shopping centers, libraries, newsstands, grocery and convenience stores, hardware stores, lumber companies, motels, restaurants and other locations throughout this part of Maine. NO PART of this publication may be reproduced without written permission from CreMark, Inc. Copyright © 2011, CreMark, Inc.

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Front cover photo: Trolley station at Vassalboro (File #112657 from the Eastern Illustrating & Publishing Co. Collection and www.PenobscotMarineMuseum.org) All photos in Discover Maine’s Greater Kennebec Valley edition show Maine as it used to be, and many are from local citizens who love this part of Maine. Photos are also provided from our collaboration with the Maine Historical Society and the Penobscot Marine Museum

— Greater Kennebec Valley Region —

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Notes From The Fayette Ridge by Michele Farrar

couple of years ago I dropped my satellite TV service. I had been laid off from one of my jobs, and had to cut expenses. It was a bit of a shock at first — I really enjoy television. It didn’t take me long to get creative, however. I knew there were many shows available on the internet, as well as several options for watching movies “instantly.” So I decided to hook my laptop up to my TV. Sounds easy, I thought. I went online to find out what I needed for equipment. After browsing many informational articles, I finally found what I needed, and ordered the part. When it arrived two days later, I spent some more time browsing internet videos that provided instructions on how to connect everything. Several hours later, I was watching streaming video on my television. My old friend Bob, who lives up here on the ridge, came over one evening after I was all hooked up. We watched several network shows. Many shows are available online, but you have to wait until the next day to watch them. No problem. Sunday shows become Monday shows, Monday shows become Tues-

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day shows, etc. The first thing Bob noticed was the length of the shows. A 30-minute show was now 22 minutes. A 60-minute show was now 43 minutes. Some sites have commercial breaks, but it’s usually two 30-second commercials in the spot. Some servers with paid subscriptions offer no commercials at all. Bob was thrilled. About a year after making the transition to internet TV, I took a trip to Virginia with my daughter. We stayed in a hotel and watched “regular” TV. To our amazement, we were nearly unable to follow a show because of the incredible amount of commercial interruptions. We started keeping track. The predominant pattern was eight minutes of show, five minutes of commercials. We scratched our heads and realized we had “unlearned” how to keep it all straight. We couldn’t wait to get back to our internet TV. Of course, you can now watch television shows through DVR (or it could be DVD, DVD±R, DVD±RW, DVD-RAM — who besides a technician could keep all that straight?), which, although I’ve never had it, I believe allows you to skip commercials. Recently I visited my friend Penny in Massachusetts. We spent much of the weekend

watching TV. It’s hard not to do this at her house. She has a giant HD TV (I think it’s something like 56 inches), and she has every option available. There’s a premium cable package, “On Demand,” a Blu-Ray player, and some other stuff I just don’t understand. She has three remote controls on the coffee table. One night after she went to bed, I spent about 30 minutes trying to switch from a movie back to “regular” TV. I made it halfway there — I was unable to figure out the guide, so I could only “surf ” one channel at a time. The whole experience made my internet TV look fairly primitive. Yet, I was anxious to get back to the simplicity of it. When I got home, my friend Bob came over and I told him all about it. He has basic satellite and doesn’t watch much TV anyway. (Up here on the ridge, satellite is your only option. There is no cable or fiber optics.) We found a show from a couple of years ago that neither of us had seen (most likely because it aired at the same time as something else we liked), and we had a marathon, watching 23 episodes over several days. Come open water fishing season, this will not happen. But for now, while the woodstove is still burning and we’ve got the “winter lazies,” it’s most enjoyable.

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Charles Heywood The boy Colonel from Waterville by James Nalley

n March 8, 1862 a newly appointed captain in the U.S. Marine Corps was commanding the aft gun deck division on the U.S.S. Cumberland, a wooden sail-powered vessel for the Union Navy. The ship was one of many patrolling Virginia’s James River near Hampton Roads in search of Confederate vessels. After the ironclad C.S.S. Virginia was spotted, the U.S.S. Cumberland was the first to engage the dangerous vessel with full force. Unable to steer away in time, it was rammed by the C.S.S. Virginia and began taking on water. As the sailors desperately abandoned the ship, the 23-year-old captain from Waterville, Maine, continued to fire the guns at the enemy ship, damaging its armor plates and smokestack. At the last possible moment, he dove off the stern as the massive Union ship disappeared into the water. Subsequently promoted to major for his actions, the 23-year old from Waterville would eventually become an influential U.S. Marine Corps Commandant who helped transform the branch of service into what it is today. Charles Heywood was born in Waterville on October 3,

Col. Charles Heywood

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— Greater Kennebec Valley Region —

1839. At the age of 18, when most young men would have graduated high school, Heywood was appointed as a second lieutenant in the U.S. Marine Corps and began a 45-year career as a decorated officer. From his appointment until the outbreak of the U.S. Civil War, he was stationed in Washington D.C. at the Marine Barracks, the New York Navy Yard, and performed special duties aboard the U.S.S. Niagara, and the U.S.S. St. Louis, where it was based in Panama, Central America. By March 1861 he was assigned to the U.S.S. Cumberland, and served with the ship in the strategic destruction of the Navy Yard at Norfolk, Virginia, and at the Battle of Hampton Roads, where he performed his courageous act against the C.S.S. Virginia. On August 5, 1864 the Union fleet (led by Rear Admiral David Farragut) attacked a smaller Confederate fleet and three different forts at the entrance to Mobile Bay in Alabama. In that strategic engagement known as the Battle of Mobile Bay, Major Heywood was in charge of two nine-inch guns and earned a special commendation

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for his “distinguished gallantry in the presence of the enemy.” After he received yet another promotion, this time to the brevet rank of Lieutenant Colonel, he earned the nickname of “The Boy Colonel,” according to Jack Shulimson in the 2004 book, Commandants of the Marine Corps. After the U.S. Civil War ended, Heywood served as Admiral Farragut’s Fleet Marine Officer, and received his “official” rank of major in 1876. During peacetime, he was assigned to a number of posts that ranged from Brooklyn, New York, to as far west as Mare Island, California. He even commanded the Marine Barracks in Washington D.C., as well as 800 Marines who were vital to the opening of the Panama Canal. In 1888 he was officially promoted to Lieutenant Colonel, and within three years was appointed to Colonel and the 9th Commandant of the Marine Corps. It was in this role as Commandant that Heywood would become most influential for the U.S. Marine Corps as an important

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branch of service. According to Marine Corps military history, “The energy, experience and training which he had shown and obtained in his early days in the Marine Corps were fully brought into play from the moment he assumed command of the Corps.” Noticing that the Marine Corps were highly undermanned with only 75 officers and 2,100 enlisted men, he filed his complaint into his annual report for the Secretary of Navy. In a November 24, 1892, New York Times article, Heywood stated that, “the present small force is called upon for such varied employment that it has been impossible properly to guard the Government property at navy yards, and the men are very much overworked, it being very rare that they have a day off while the men in the army never have less than five days off duty.” His annual complaints eventually paid off and the size of the Marine Corps went from approximately 2,100 enlisted men to 7,800, and the number of posts increased from 12 to 21 by the end of his tenure. (Continued on page 6)

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(Continued from page 5)

Aside from the need for more manpower, he also created an improved system for promotion and commendation that included officers’ training schools, regular examinations for promotion, and special medals such as the Marine Corps Good Conduct Medal (which he designed). He also improved the overall function of the Marine Corps within the Navy and established better alignment of ranking systems between the two. In an October 29, 1901 article in the New York Times, “He calls attention to the fact that all the Bureau Chiefs of the Navy Department have the rank of Rear Admiral, which corresponds to that of Major General in the army… and he requests that Congress shall make the rank of the Commandant of the Marine Corps that of Major General… (otherwise it) is embarrassing to the position which would result in his own promotion.” As predicted, he was immediately promoted and had become the first Major General in the U.S. Marine Corps. He served out his tenure

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until his retirement on October 3, 1903. Eleven years later on February 26, 1915 Heywood died in Washington D.C., from complications due to heart disease, and was buried with full military honors at Arlington National Cemetery. Today, the headquarters for The Basic School at

Quantico Marine Corps Base in Virginia is appropriately named Heywood Hall and stands in honor of the “Boy Colonel” from Waterville who helped transform the U.S. Marine Corps into one of the top military forces in American history.

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Del Bissonette: “Goin’ To The Show” Winthrop baseball player had a colorful career by James Nalley

t was May 5, 1928, and the Brooklyn Robins was born on September 6, 1899, in Winthrop. (the future Dodgers) were playing the New After spending some time at Westbrook SemiYork Giants. As the crowd cheered, a nary, the University of New Hampshire, and Brooklyn rookie first baseman stepped up to the Georgetown University, he was noticed by baseplate with the bases loaded at the top of the ball scouts and signed his first professional baseninth inning. This man was Del Bissonette from ball contract at the age of 23 with the Eastern Winthrop, Maine, and he was one of the top Canadian League Class-B team, the Valleyfield players in the National League, with an impresCap de la Madeleine. Recognized as a left-handed sive batting average of .320 with 25 home runs in batter and strong-armed first baseman, he was a 155 games, according to Baseball Almanac. As he natural hitter and accomplished high batting avtapped the bat on home plate, Giants manager erages with great ease. By 1925, he signed with John McGraw ordered pitcher Larry Benton to the Class-A New York Penn League and batted a intentionally walk Bissonette. As he approached .381 average to the coaches’ amazement. first base, he had become only the third Major In 1927 at the age of 28, Bissonette signed League player to be intentionally walked with the with the AA International League to play for the bases loaded. This young rookie had a promising Buffalo Bisons. It was on that team that he exDel bissonette career but after a heartbreaking injury, he went celled enough where the National League’s Brookfrom being a top player at “The Show” to a struggling minor lyn Robins (Dodgers) noticed him. According to statistics by league player and coach for the rest of his career. Baseball Almanac, by the time he signed a contract with the Major Del Bissonette, formally known as Delphia Louis Bissonette, League team the following year, he led the AA

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International League with 168 runs, 229 injury that would sideline him for the helped manage the team to 99 wins and hits, 46 doubles, 20 triples, 167 RBIs, and complete 1932 season. With medical tech- the 1944 Eastern League season pennant. 31 home runs, all with a batting average nology not as sophisticated as it is for ath- Noticed by the head office of the Boston letics today, he struggled to rehabilitate Braves, he was promoted to a coaching of .367. As a rookie National League player, Bis- and his numbers continued to suffer. Dur- job with the National League team. His sonette continued to excel by hitting 25 ing the middle of the 1933 season, he was future once again looked promising. Bissonette served as a coach for 93 home runs in only 155 games with a bat- sent back to the International League, games under the leadership of ting average of .320. A threat to manager Bob Coleman during the any experienced pitcher (even as a By the time he signed a contract with the 1945 season. But with the Braves rookie), it was not a surprise Major Leagues in 1928, Bissonette led the AA struggling in seventh place in the when the Giants intentionally International League with 168 runs, 229 hits, 46 National League, Bissonette rewalked him at such a crucial point doubles, 20 triples, 167 RBIs, and 31 home runs, ceived his big break: Coleman was in the May 1928 game. Although all with a batting average of .367. suddenly fired and Bissonette rehis batting average was down during the 1929 season, he was still awarded devastated but holding a five-season placed him as manager for the remainder the Gold Glove Award as a first baseman. Major League batting average of .305 with of the season. Unfortunately, the team, By the 1930 season, he rebounded by a total of 66 home runs. After several under his management, won only 25 more scoring 113 runs with an overall batting years in the International League and an games and lost a total of 34, which average of .336. Unfortunately, that sea- uncertain future, Bissonette, under ad- prompted the owners to look elsewhere son would prove to be his last productive visement from coaches, turned to manag- for Bissonette’s replacement. After the Braves hired Billy Southworth of the St. ing in the minor leagues instead. one as a Major League baseball player. In 1942 (after five years as a manager), Louis Cardinals in 1946, Bissonette was By the end of the 1931 season, Bissonette seemed to be in a slump. But as in Bissonette signed on as manager with the sent to the Pittsburgh Pirates as a coach the past, he always rebounded by turning Class-A Hartford Club of the Eastern for just one year. By 1947 he returned to in high numbers and averages the follow- League, which was the farm team of the manage in the minor leagues with the (Continued on page 10) ing year. But he suffered a major tendon Boston Braves. Using his experience, he

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(Continued from page 9)

Portland Pilots with varying success and even reached the AAA Toronto Maple Leafs in 1949. But he never managed a Major League game again and eventually retired into relative obscurity. Years later on a sunny day in June 1972, as the Major League baseball season moved into its summer portion, Del Bissonette died from a self-inflicted gunshot wound in Augusta, and was buried at Glenside Cemetery in Winthrop. Perhaps he had reached his top of the ninth and was ready to walk. As stated in the Fireside Book of Baseball, a short limerick by L.H. Addington immortalizes Del Bissonette, the all-time leader in home runs for a baseball player born in Maine: The Dodgers have Del Bissonette; No meal has he ever missed yet; The question that rises Is one that surprises: Who paid for all Del Bissonette? Other businesses from this area are featured in the color section.

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Gardiner’s Johnson Hall Determination and desire of the community has kept the hall alive by James Nalley n Tuesday, December 6, 1864, a Grand Ball was held in downtown Gardiner, Maine. Approximately 500 guests attended the special evening that consisted of a sumptuous dinner, live musical entertainment, and a dance that went late into the evening. It had been a particularly difficult year for the townspeople, and the evening provided a welcoming and temporary retreat. The American Civil War was about to enter its fourth year with no end in sight, and the death toll of Gardiner’s volunteer Union soldiers had reached 475. Located on Water Street, the venue was Johnson Hall, and afterwards it would continue to offer a variety of entertainment for almost a century. The building was a former livery stable located next door to the Johnson House

Hotel, which was owned by Benjamin Johnson, a longtime resident of Gardiner. After his announcement was made to build a facility for large gatherings and events, he promptly had the stable removed and ordered the construction of a four-story brick building that could accommodate up to 1,200 people. According to the Gardiner Home Journal’s advertisement about the hall, it was a state-of-the-art venue complete with “hall, balconies, stage, dressing rooms, banquet room, ticket office, and entrances from both Water and Mechanic Streets.” Since the upper two floors consisted of the hall with all of its amenities, the former stable and first floor of the building provided additional revenue for Johnson by serving as retail stores. After 1884 the variety of stores ranged from dry goods

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and pianos to sewing machines. For additional glamour and notoriety, the hall’s name was changed to the Johnson Opera House on October 3, 1888 and had become one of the most popular multievent facilities in the state. As written in the History of Johnson Hall by Mary Ann Offer, “Performances in the 1880s included: The Minstrels of Lynn, Massachusetts; Methodist Society, Old Folks Concert; The Ella Hill Big Burlesque Company; Monarchs of Minstrelsy, the Barlow Brothers; Irish Vocalist and Dancer Pat Rooney; Abbey’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin Company, among many others.” Mary Ann Offer continues by stating that, “It should be noted that burlesque performances were advertised as being suitable for ladies.” (Continued on page 12)

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Decorate Your Books Or Journals We Have The Supplies! 207-582-4544

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Discover Maine 12

— Greater Kennebec Valley Region —

(Continued from page 11)

balconies gives one a feeling of freedom, and a much higher auditorium.” After the significant renovations, the former “Opera House” had become a fullfledged movie theater that offered daily and weekend showings for the community. The era of grand balls and live musical shows had come to a bittersweet end. As the Johnson Hall Opera House neared its centennial, it had struggled financially, and unfortunately closed for business in 1959. According to Mary Ann Offer, “After the theatre was closed, the area was used only as a storage room for the variety store which occupied the downstairs retail space. And it remained this way for (more than) 20 years.” After a brief revival in the early 1980s, it struggled once more to stay in the black and closed its doors. As the future for Johnson Hall looked grim, a group of community members with an interest in preservation formed Johnson Hall, Inc. in 1987, with the sole purpose of purchasing, renovating and managing the hall. It was purchased in

After the turn of the 20th century, two events had cast gloom onto the hall: Benjamin Johnson had died in 1902, and a devastating fire occurred in 1904. According to an article in the Weekly Reporter Journal dated December 30, 1904, “Fire damaged the first and second floors of the building, which included the dry goods store, offices and several guest rooms of the Johnson House. Damage was estimated at $35,000.” From 1902 to 1929 Johnson’s widow, Henrietta Loring Johnson, tried desperately to preserve the hall in its original design and remained faithful to Benjamin Johnson’s wishes. But with the success of “talking pictures,” Henrietta Johnson had no choice but to give in to her manager’s advice and make dramatic changes to the theater. The latest projection machine, along with center aisles and heavier chairs were installed, the balconies were removed, and the main floor was redesigned to pitch downward toward the stage. Mary Ann Offer writes, “The absence of the

K.V.

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1988 and by 1991, with the help from donations and its status as a non-profit organization; the first floor was completely renovated and transformed into a blackbox theater that included a stage and 110 moveable seats. Although the grandeur of the original theater was only a memory, the new theater was both manageable and financially sound. Today, the facade is roughly the same as it was years ago and the windows have been fully restored. It offers a relatively full schedule of musical, dramatic and comedy entertainment all year long. Most importantly, it stands as a shining example of determination and desire by community members to preserve a structure that was once a thriving entertainment venue. It remains one of the historic monuments of Maine’s Kennebec County. 

Other businesses from this area are featured in the color section.

Trussell’s Auto Repair Over 30 Years Experience Foreign Or Domestic

Major & Minor Repairs ~ State Inspection Station ~ Brake & Exhaust Work Free Estimates Open Mon-Fri 8am to 5pm

582-4912 1 Windsor • Randolph www.TrussellsAuto.com

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907 Brunswick Ave. • Gardiner, ME 04345

info@wingatelandscape.com

207-588-6146 • Fax 207-588-6180

www.DiscoverMaineMagazine.com

— Greater Kennebec Valley Region —

Discover Maine

Kennebec light & Heat Co., Gardiner. item #100888 from the eastern illustrating & publishing Co. Collection and www.penobscotmarinemuseum.org

S&M Radiator King “Established 1985” • Full Service Auto Repair • Air Conditioning Service • Complete Radiator Repair • Car, Truck, SUV

258 Windsor Rd. • Chelsea

KENNEBEC Lawn Care Jim Michaud • Owner

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592-0024

582-1790 • 1-877-582-1790

P.O. Box 96 ♦ South Gardiner, ME 04359

white’s auto NeW & uSeD AuTO PARTS FOR MOST MAKeS & MODelS

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Rt. 17 (23 Goodwill Drive), Chelsea Two Miles East of Togus Gate

Laundromat • dry Cleaning • Wash dry & Fold

Goggin’s 268 Water Street • randolph • 582-3453 ONE STOP SHOPPING • 7AM-9PM 7 DAYS A WEEK! Gardiner savings Community Pharmacy for all your banking needs Open 7 Days

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Discover Maine 14

— Greater Kennebec Valley Region —

Hussey’s General Store “If we ain’t got it, you don’t need it” by Penny S. Harmon

he sign in front of Hussey’s General Store is unlike any other. “Guns, Wedding Gowns, Cold Beer.” It cannot get any more general than this. In fact, you can get just about anything you need in the store. You can buy a beautiful wedding gown, a frying pan, plumbing supplies, a fishing pole, meat for dinner, a washing machine, and even feed for your animals — and not just the dog and cat. The fact is that this store really does carry anything and everything. Harland Hussey was the man behind the store, and actually remodeled an old stable in Windsor in 1923 to get it started. While he may have had the dream of operating a store and being his own boss, it can almost be guaranteed that he never thought that Hussey’s General Store would become an icon in Maine.

rowell’s

Laundromat Rt. 3 East So. China

Select Pre-owned Vehicles

Larry Rowell & Paul Vigue

445-3422

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Mon.-Fri. 8 a.m. to 6 p.m., Sat. 8 a.m. to Closing

“if you can’t find it at Hussey’s, you don’t need it!®

Open Monday through Saturday 7AM to 6PM Sunday 8AM to 5PM

Camper town Hosts: bob & Trudy

Since 1992

384 Vassalboro Road • Rt. 32 N • South China • 445-3133

rV parts & repairs • Supplies • Hitches • awnings  We cater to the needs of seasonal campers.  We come to you - at your location.  We offer top quality portable shelters for rVs, boats, cars & trucks.  We also do work on mobile homes. We have Open Year Round from 10am-5pm or Call for an appointment

handicapped scooters and equipment on premises

— Greater Kennebec Valley Region —

My first experience with Hussey’s was in 1985. A friend of mine was getting married and was looking for the perfect gown. We’d been to several stores already and nothing seemed right. When she mentioned going to Hussey’s, I had no clue where we were going and what I was about to experience When we first pulled into the parking lot, I was even more shell-shocked. We’d driven over 35 miles to the country. I thought there had to be a mistake, especially when I saw the building. It looked like an old country store, not anything like what I was expecting, and where someone was going to find the perfect wedding dress. Entering the store, I was confused. Books, fishing gear, groceries, plumbing and heating supplies were found within. Upstairs, however, was another world, and it was here that the perfect wedding dress was found. As I had not been to Hussey’s before, I thought I was bringing home a big secret to my family — that I had just discovered the most beguiling store in the state of

Maine. However, it was not so secret after all. My mother told stories of how she would go with her mother and father back in the 1940s and 50s to get supplies. Living in Woolwich at that time, it was quite a distance to go, but it was the best place around to buy anything, including horseshoes for their horses. They didn’t go often, but when their list became long enough, the trip was on. Harland and his wife may have started the store from an old remodeled stable in 1923, but in 1954, they realized they had to have more room. While others thought it was a risk, as supermarkets were just coming to the forefront, he held faith that it would all work out. In 2005 the Colby Magazine of Colby College, from where Harland’s son, Elwin, graduated in 1944, wrote an article in which Elwin stated, “My dad would say, ‘I would think there would always be someone who wants to buy a pound of hamburger and a pound of nails at the same time.’” Needless to say, Harland knew what he was talking about.

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Damon’s Beverage mart

Equipment & Tool Rental for Contractors & Home Owners

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622-0007

548-0077

423 E. Main St. Searsport, ME 04974

(Formerly Lou’s Beverage Barn)

~ Agency Liquor Store ~ Discount Beer, Wine & Soda Cold Cases, Cans & Kegs ~ Open 7 Days A Week ~

Discover Maine

Elwin Hussey, after serving for a time in the military, came back to the family store. In fact, his military career led him to a great education in electronics. It only seemed appropriate that he bring his knowledge to the store, and it was then that Hussey’s began selling televisions and other appliances. As for the wedding dresses, Harland’s wife, Mildred, wanted people in the community to have options and not have to drive into the city to get what they needed. I, myself, am proof that her theory worked. Even now, approximately 60 years after the wedding dresses were added to the Hussey’s General Store inventory, they are still in high demand. It wasn’t until Harland’s grandson, Jay, started to manage the store that the saying, “If we ain’t got it, you don’t need it” came into play. Jay put that slogan out there and it stuck, and with good reason. If they don’t have it, you really may find that you don’t need it after all. Over 25 years have passed since I first (Continued on page 16)

LoveweLL Logging Chipping & Trucking Free Estimates & Fully Insured References Available Competitive Timber Prices

Livermore, Maine

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1011 Western Ave. Manchester, ME 04351

75 Bangor Street Augusta

Yo u r H e at i n g E x p e r t s R.J. Energy Services, Inc. Fuel Oil & Propane Delivery

ExpErt tirE SErvicE roger obie: owner

White & Bradstreet, Inc. Est. 1952

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Reconditioned Heavy-Duty Truck Rear Ends & Transmissions New/Used Truck Parts & Trucks

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622-2622 • 1-800-572-6199

622-7720

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207-931-7900 - Josh 207-931-8900 - Jay

1020 Weeks Mills Road • Augusta www.white-bradstreet.com

“Trust your vehicle to the experts” Open 8-6 Mon.-Fri. Sat. 8-2

622-7656 91 Bangor St. • Augusta, ME

Discover Maine 16

— Greater Kennebec Valley Region —

(Continued from page 15)

set foot in Hussey’s General Store. The place still holds the same charm for me. Whether I want to purchase a fishing rod as a gift for my son’s birthday or want the fixings for a special dinner, I know where I need to go. While things have changed — such as deliveries that are now brought in by the truckload, instead of on the Old Narrow Gauge Railroad and by horse — the history behind the doors of Hussey’s is right there in front of you. Ask anyone you know and it can almost be guaranteed that they, too, have their own memories of a trip to Hussey’s General Store. 

Other businesses from this area are featured in the color section.

Court House, augusta. item #100054 from the eastern illustrating & publishing Co. Collection and www.penobscotmarinemuseum.org

History of Pine View Homes Pine View Homes has always been a family owned and oriented business. Established in 1955, the original owners were Mr.& Mrs. Elmore Hustus. Eventually the corporation was sold to their daughter and son-in-law, Anna & Stanton Ayer, who in 1994 sold it to their son and daughter-in-law, Mike & Tracy Ayer. Originally situated on 18 acres of land in Winslow, Pine View had 19 park sites. Through the years, their park has grown to a mobile home community of 45 sites, with providing single and double-wide lots. The park has ample sized spaces with picnic/park area and playground for the children. All road and driveways are paved with garbage and snow removal services provided. In 2004, Pine View purchased 17 acres of land on the east side of Route #201 and created another display lot to include both double-wide and modular home displays. Originally Pine View was a furniture and gift store. This soon developed into a mobile home park and travel trailer business. Mr. Hustus was the first person in Maine to both sell and rent mobile homes and travel trailers. Pine View still maintains the rental business but no longer handles travel trailers. Pine View Homes is a company that not only provides fine quality, affordable homes for Maine families, but also one that stands behind it’s products with a full time service department. We can deliver your new home, free of charge, to any lot in the State of Maine. Our reputation is such that customers have purchased their first home from Pine View return again and again to re-purchase other homes and often times bring their children to Pine View to buy their homes too! Today the company has 19 employees, half of those with 10+ years of service. Pine View has diversified over the years and is involved in both the manufacturing and finance end of the business. We are members of the Chamber of Commerce, the Manufactured Housing Association of Maine, Volume Buyers LLC. and are in good standing with the Better Business Bureau. Under the ownership of Mike & Tracy, the offices have been remodeled, but the business remains in the original homestead of his grandparents. They have maintained the family values and integrity – to provide quality, attractive housing for the lowest price possible!!

Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow... Macomber, Farr & Whitten is Here for You

Insurance Services Since 1848 businessowners, Professional, Work Comp, employment Practices, Directors & Officers, bonds and employee benefits

One Market Square, Suite 201, Augusta ME 04330

1-800-464-7463

www.pineview1955.com

phone 1-800-989-9049 www.maineinsure.com

— Greater Kennebec Valley Region —

Discover Maine

wallace nutting: American Preservationist extraordinaire Minister, photographer found inspiration in Maine’s beauty by Charles Francis

n the summer of 1931 Wallace Nutting convened his first old home gathering and workshop service in the Old Baptist Church in North Manchester, Maine. It was the beginning of a tradition that would last almost until his death some ten years later. Today Wallace Nutting is best known for his States Beautiful Series. They bear such names as Pennsylvania Beautiful and New York Beautiful. There is also a Maine Beautiful. At one time, having one of the States Beautiful Series as a coffee table book was de rigeur in most every proper American home. Today the books are collector’s items.

Many collectors of Wallace Nutting’s work — which also includes reproductions of antique American furniture — believe that the fact that there is a Maine Beautiful is simply because it is a part of the whole series. The fact is, however, that Wallace Nutting spent much of his early life in Maine, most notably in the Manchester area, and that he owed much of his unique perspective on the American nation to growing up in Maine. Probably no one did more towards establishing the American preservation movement in the country than Wallace Nutting. Nutting’s avocation was preserving America in pictures, buying and reproducing American period furniture, and lecturing on old American homes. He once said “America, with its abundant resources everywhere for dwellings that might outlast the ages, will fail disgracefully unless she can learn that the monuments that are nearer than any other to feeding the heart and enshrining history are old dwellings.” The viewpoint espoused in this statement is one that had its origins in the Kennebec Valley of Maine, where Nutting grew up. (Continued on page 18)

NRC

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626-0032

russell’s Pizza and italians “Supporting all local sports since 1950” • Pizza, Subs • Dinner Baskets • Steak Sandwiches and More! We make all of our italian rolls, pizza dough and pita shells on premises! 244 Western Ave., Augusta

622-0551

www.damonsaugusta.com

Gems

Jewel of the Kennebec Specializing in Tourmaline Antwerp Diamonds come see our beautiful large tourmaline and other faceted gems in gold and silver settings.

Custom Designing tues.-sat. • 10-5 132 water street • 621-1065 • Hallowell

albert’s

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(207) 621-9941 www.capilo.com 43 Bridge Street • Augusta, Maine

312 Water Street • Augusta, Maine

www.visage-spa.com

free eStimAteS • inSureD

Dan Albert

207-582-1916

Discover Maine 18

— Greater Kennebec Valley Region —

(Continued from page 17)

high school in Manchester and Augusta. After a brief stint of clerking in a publishing house, he enrolled in Phillips Exeter Academy and then continued his education at Harvard. His summers while he was at Harvard were spent working in hotels in seaside resorts, one of which was on Campobello Island. Upon graduating from Harvard in 1887, Nutting took his first position as a pastor in Fryeburg. The ministry had been his goal in life almost from the age of three. In fact, when he was three, he had stood up in church in Manchester and given the benediction in a loud, clear voice, right along with the minister. There is an intriguing folk tale associated with Nutting’s childhood in Manchester. The church he attended as a child is noted for having several mysterious footprints embedded in the stone wall of the foundation. When someone suggested the footprints were those of the Devil, Nutting later wrote that he responded they were “an angel’s step, accompanied by that little child, whose hand he held.”

Although Wallace Nutting was not born in Maine, he returned here often throughout his adult life, as if returning to the wellspring of much of his inspiration. And, indeed, Maine was where Nutting received his calling as a Congregational minister. In fact, his first formal religious training was in Maine in Manchester. Wallace Nutting was born in Rockbottom, Massachusetts in 1861. He was the second of two children born to Albion and Elizabeth (Fifield) Nutting. His sister Edith, two years his senior, died when she was eighteen. In 1862 Albion Nutting, Wallace’s father, enlisted in the Union Army. He died in Washington, D.C. in 1864. He is buried in Arlington National Cemetery. The next year Elizabeth Nutting moved her family to Industry, Maine, where her brother Joseph had a farm. Two years later the Nutting family moved to Manchester. Wallace Nutting would spend the next ten years of his life here. Wallace Nutting attended common and

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Nutting served as pastor of a number of churches until 1904, when he was forced to retire from the ministry because of a nervous breakdown. He also studied theology at a number of institutions, including Union Theological Seminary, and was awarded a Doctor of Divinity degree by Whitman College. His pastorships took him from coast to coast and included Seattle and Providence. He also lived in New York, Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont. The fact that he was familiar with a number of states from having lived in them was one of the factors that led to his States Beautiful Series. Nutting began taking photographs in 1899 while taking bicycle rides for health. Four years later he opened the Wallace Nutting Art Prints Studio in New York City. The change of occupation was related to his nervous breakdown. By his own estimate, Nutting sold some ten million photographs. Only a few of them were signed. Today they are among the most valuable photographs ever produced. Another of Nutting’s interests was

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The Augusta Civic Center is a full-service facility with a 25,000 square foot auditorium, 23 flexible meeting rooms, including 2 ballrooms, a full kitchen and food service staff on-site. With over 35 years experience in conventions, trade shows, conferences and banquets, we stand ready to serve you!

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207-623-1112 tDD 1-800-545-1833

— Greater Kennebec Valley Region —

Discover Maine

restoring “antique” houses. Altogether he did five. This led him to furniture reproduction. For a time another reproduction company operated under the Nutting name. However, Nutting did not consider that company’s work adequate and he took it over. Later Nutting reproductions are identified by a burned-on impression of his name in plain capitals. Nutting reproductions were so accurate as to detail that unscrupulous antique dealers would buy them, age them artificially, and sell them at prices 100 times above Nutting’s asking price. Wallace Nutting died in Framingham, Massachusetts in 1941. He is buried in Augusta. Today he is best remembered for his States Beautiful Series, the series that more than any other effort has preserved much of an America which otherwise would be lost forever.  Other businesses from this area are featured in the color section.

Water Street, Hallowell. item #101607 from the eastern illustrating & publishing Co. Collection and www.penobscotmarinemuseum.org

AuGuSTA SeAFOOD • • • • •

lobsters Clams Scallops Crabmeat Shrimp

Fresh Daily!

Mon.-Sat. 7 am to 5:30 pm Closed Sunday

bob and Jeff benedict 2002 North belfast Ave., Augusta, Me 04330

622-6951 lobstersretail.com

bOnD brOOk panCake HOuSe Your hosts: Mike & Kim

Homemade Soups & Desserts take Out available

Capital Area Guide

Museums, Shopping, State House, Fine Lodging, Great Dining, Historical Sites, Ski, Bike, Hike, 30 Lakes and Lots of Friendly People in a Safe, Calm, Small City Environment. For a Free Copy of our Capital Area Guide, Call the

Kennebec valley Chamber of Commerce 207-623-4559 www.augustamaine.com 34th Annual

Whatever Family Festival celebrates Kennebec River environment with fun activities from June 17 through July 4! Special feature is Family Day at Capitol Park on June 25, 2011

Luncheon Specials Breakfast All Day Mon.-Fri. 5am-2pm Sat. 6am-2pm Sunday 7am-1pm Breakfast Only

(207) 623-9656

179 Mt. Vernon ave., augusta

Tri-State for your

Staffing Solutions Serving Augusta for over 10 successful years

Linda Veilleux

1-800-989-9112 207-622-0470 225 Western Avenue • Suite 2 • Augusta, ME 04330

www.tristatestaffing.com

Discover Maine 20

— Greater Kennebec Valley Region —

John L. Stevens: The Golden Hour is near First owner of The Kennebec Journal and foreign minister to the Kingdom of Hawaii by James Nalley

n July 17, 1893 President Grover Cleveland submitted the Blount Report (named after U.S. Commissioner James Blount) that listed the names of a number of people, including John L. Stevens, a lifelong resident of Augusta. Unlike many other reports submitted that year, this one was much more serious. It stated that there was “evidence that officially identified the United States’ complicity in the lawless overthrow of the lawful, peaceful government of Hawaii,” and that Stevens was guilty of inappropriate conduct in support of the conspiracy. After the charges were presented to Stevens at his home in Augusta, he adamantly denied his guilt and offered his stern rationale of why the Queen herself was the immoral one and should have been dethroned. Forced to retire from of-

ficial public service, he spent the remainder of his life publicly denouncing the Hawaiian kingdom. The repercussions of the events would even have the U.S. Congress and President Bill Clinton sign the Apology Resolution in 1993, which formally apologized for the overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii a century earlier. Born on August 1, 1820 in the town of Mount Vernon, John L. Stevens eventually attended the Maine Wesleyan Seminary where he planned to spend his life as a minister in the Universalist church. After 10 years as a minister and a community activist, he was urged by the Governor of Maine (Anson Morrill) to leave the church and spend his energy in two areas: as a newspaper publisher and politician. Almost immediately, Stevens and his partner, James Blaine, purchased The Kennebec

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Journal in 1854 and began a collaboration that would last for 14 years. The publication also served as a platform for Stevens’ development of the Maine Republican Party, where he served as a delegate in 1860 and actively participated in the 1876 Presidential campaign as the Chairman of the Republican Committee of Maine. Due to his energy and support of the presidential candidate, he was awarded an appointment as a minister for the U.S. State Department and continued his rapid ascent to more important roles and eventual trouble. After joining the U.S. State Department, his successive appointments as foreign minister included a long list of countries such as Paraguay, Uruguay, Sweden and Norway. But after his former partner (James Blaine) was appointed as the U.S.

Webster’s Mini excavation Barry Webster

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621-0234

126 Western Ave., Capitol Shopping Center, Augusta Cooks Corner, Brunswick • 250 Center Street, Auburn

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Steve Thomas

I’ll play in the dirt so you don’t have to

ross Clair, Manager/Sawyer (207) 645-2072 Fax: (207) 645-3786

~ Fully insured ~

541 Borough rd., Chesterville, ME 04938

577-8978 • 897-6938

kramers inc.

BuIldERS

Full Line Of Equipment, Parts, Service & Accessories

New Home Construction Roofing • Siding Remodeling • Garages

547-3345

685-9476 • cell 446-6907 Free estimates

Route 104, Downtown Sidney

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— Greater Kennebec Valley Region —

Secretary of State, in an act of nepotism, Stevens was urged to serve as foreign minister to the Kingdom of Hawaii. As stated in the New York Times article on February 9, 1895, his “title was changed to the Minister Plenipotentiary and Envoy Extraordinary.” After his arrival in Hawaii, Stevens actively wrote and published his thoughts and feelings about the islands with not-sosubtle titles such as Advice to Young Hawaiians, and The Hawaiian Situation. Afterwards, he publicly expressed his concerns about the relationship of the United States and its allies. At the same time, his friend, the Secretary of State, also suggested that the United States “draw the ties of intimate relationship between us and the Hawaiian Islands so as to make them practically a part of the American system without derogation of their absolute independence.” Between the two men, plans were beginning to evolve. By January 1891 the King of Hawaii (who had been in agreement with the interests of foreign businessmen), suddenly

died and was succeeded by his sister, Queen Lili’uokalni. After receiving information about the Queen’s animosity of her brother’s wishes, Stevens, perhaps in a moment of panic, requested that the U.S.S. Boston be sent to Honolulu Harbor as an intimidation tactic. In March 1892, an impatient Stevens wrote the Secretary of State to ask how far he was allowed to deviate from standard protocol if a Hawaiian-native revolution occurred. As stated in his letter, “The golden hour is near at hand… As long as the island retains their own independent government there remains the possibility that England or Canada might secure one of the Hawaiian harbors for a coaling station… Annexation excludes all dangers of this kind.” Approximately 10 months later, the queen attempted to annul the 1887 constitution, which would have restored many of the powers of the monarchy. After that act of defiance, Stevens secretly met two businessmen (Sanford Dole and Lorrin Thurston) on the night of January 14, 1893 to launch

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the plan to overthrow the queen and force her country to become part of the United States. In a rapid series of events, a new group known as the Committee of Safety was formed. The committee’s primary concern was the safety and property of American residents in Honolulu, but it also began drafting documents to establish a provisional government on the side. On January 16, 1893 with an official committee’s support behind him, Stevens requested that U.S. Marines and naval personnel from the U.S.S. Boston take up positions on the island. Although the troops were ordered to remain “neutral” on the island, two aspects caused great alarm with the natives: the soldiers were incredibly armed, and they were positioned only around the Royal residences and government buildings instead of the American residences. As historian William Russ wrote in his 1992 book, The Hawaiian Revolution (1893-94), “The injunction to prevent fighting of any kind made it impossible for the monarchy to protect itself.” Due to the Queen’s desire “to avoid any collision of armed forces, and perhaps the loss of life,” the Queen ordered her forces to surrender. The American troops subsequently took over all of the government buildings and disarmed the Hawaiian Royal Guard. Almost immediately, Stevens declared a provisional government on behalf of the U.S. State Department and requested that Hawaii be annexed. Within a month, President William Henry Harrison had signed a request to the Senate that the Hawaiian Kingdom be annexed on February 16, 1893. Everything appeared to go smoothly for Stevens and his supporters until President Grover Cleveland took office. Soon after his inauguration, he sent a memo to the Senate canceling the annexation. As stated in the New York Times article, President Cleveland sent “Mr. Blount, to report on the situation and ordered the protectorate withdrawn as unnecessary.” At that point, Stevens was forced to resign and returned to Maine. But he continued to publicly (Continued on page 22)

Discover Maine 22

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guilty by the U.S. Congress in another investigation and report entitled the Morgan Report. During the remaining years of his life, Stevens continued working with the Republican Party, published a number of articles, lectured and tried to repair his tarnished image. One of his final publications was the strangely titled 1894 memoir: Picturesque Hawaii: A Charming Description of Her Unique History, Strange People, Exquisite Climate, Wondrous Volcanoes, Luxurious Productions, Beautiful Cities, Cor-

denounce the Hawaiian monarchy as seen in a self-published New York Times article on November 30, 1893, that claimed that the Blount Report was mostly “falsehoods… made by that gentleman … which were prejudiced, and unwarranted.” Afterwards, Stevens’ influence was stronger than expected for President Cleveland, which forced him to abandon the matter due to a lack of Congressional support. By February 26, 1894 Stevens and his collaborators were found not

rupt Monarchy, Recent Revolution and Provisional Government. At 4 a.m. on February 8, 1895 John L. Stevens died at his home in Augusta after a battle with depression and heart disease. Three years later, perhaps as a fitting sense of irony, the United States government officially annexed Hawaii. 

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post office in Fayette. this original building is now the Fayette Country Store. item #100785 from the eastern illustrating & publishing Co. Collection and www.penobscotmarinemuseum.org

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ack in the 1920s fictitious families like the Jukes and the Kallikaks were part of the popular parlance. They were synonyms for families viewed as criminals and idiots begotten by miscegenation and thought to be breeding out of control. The fictitious Jukes and Kallikaks, however, did have a basis in reality. Both names were applied to real families by the early psychologists who produced Vassalboro psychologist the studies on them. recognized as the father of The study on the criminal Jukes family was done by Richard Dugdale in 1875. The study on the feebleintelligence testing in America minded Kallikaks by Henry Herbert Goddard was by Charles Francis done in 1912. Both the Jukes and the Kallikaks enjoy a certain degree of notoriety today. The same cannot be said of both of the men who produced the studies. Richard Dugdale’s assumptions have now come to be viewed introduced it into the country in 1908. Today most are familiar as spurious. Vassalboro-born Henry Hebert Goddard, however, with its later form as Stanford-Binet. Between 1908 and 1915 Goddard almost single-handedly disis recognized as a pioneer in the field of American psychology. Among other things, Goddard is credited with introducing in- tributed over 22,000 copies of the Binet-Simon test and nearly telligence testing into the United States, and with drafting the 100,000 answer sheets for it to public schools across the country. During World War I he was a member of the Army’s Alpha first law in the country mandating special education. Today Henry Goddard is recognized as the father of intelli- and Beta Team, the first mass intelligence testing program congence testing in America. He either oversaw or participated in ducted by the United States government. He was also the first every major intelligence testing program in the country in the nationally recognized educator to suggest that normal children first decades of the twentieth century. It was Goddard who might benefit from the instructional techniques employed by translated the Binet-Simon Intelligence Scale into English and (Continued on page 24)

Henry Herbert Goddard And The Kallikaks

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(Continued from page 23)

After attending local Vassalboro schools, Henry Goddard went on to study at Haverford, a Quaker college in Pennsylvania. Here he earned both a B.A. and M.A. in mathematics, the latter in 1889. He then secured a position at the University of Southern California as a football coach and instructor of history and botany. He left California after a year to become a high school teacher. Goddard’s longest period in the secondary school ranks was spent back in his hometown of Vassalboro as teacher and principal at Oak Grove Seminary from 1891 to 1896. In 1899 he earned a Ph.D in psychology at Clark University. From 1899 to 1906 Goddard taught psychology and teaching methodology at West Chester (Pennsylvania) Normal School. Then in 1906 he accepted the position of Director of Research at the Training School for Feeble-minded Boys and Girls at Vineland, New Jersey. It was here he produced his controversial study on the Kallikaks. The Kallikak name is contrived. It comes from the Greek Kallos meaning beauty, and Kakos meaning bad. What Goddard did with the Kallikak study was to trace two branches of the same family. One branch was “beautiful” or normal, and one was “bad” or feeble-minded. Both stemmed from a single male progenitor, Martin Kallikak. Martin Kallikak had been a soldier in the Civil War. Through a liaison with a feeble-minded tavern girl he produced a feeble-minded illegitimate son. That son went on to produce generations of feeble-minded descendants, who led lives characterized by

those who worked with retarded children. Henry Goddard was also a eugenicist. As such, he believed that human intelligence was inherited. Specifically, he believed that feeble-mindedness was passed on from one generation to another by a single recessive gene. To back this up he produced his study The Kallikak Family: A Study in the Heredity of Feeble-mindedness. Today some of Goddard’s theories that came out of the study, such as compulsory sterilization, are quite understandably less than popular. However, it should be noted that his proposal for dealing with the feeble-minded was humane institutionalization. Henry Hebert Goddard was born in Vassalboro on August 14, 1866. The Goddard family was one of the oldest in the town, going back generations to the first settlers. They were also Quakers. Because of his family’s religious persuasion, the future father of American intelligence testing spent the first 20 years of his life as a Quaker school teacher and principal.

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illegitimacy, alcoholism, prostitution, epilepsy and lechery. Sometime after his barroom liaison, Martin Kallikak married a woman of a “good” Quaker family. The descendants of that line were all normal. Its members were some of the finest and most respected citizens in the communities in which they lived. Goddard believed that the difference in the two Kallikak lines was the result of genetic input from the two women Martin Kallikak had children by. Henry Goddard actually studied some 300 families in arriving at his “Kallikak” theory. In the years following the study he was attacked on any number of occasions and by any number of reputable psychologists for his conclusions. Even though he later repudiated much of what he first said, including the tests he used to define the term “moron,” he is still remembered more as an elitist for his Kallikak study than he should be for his pioneering work in intelligence testing. Thanks to Henry Herbert Goddard, advances in dealing with mental retardation, special education and clinical psychology have been made that otherwise might not have. Those advances, coupled with the overall applications of intelligence testing in fields ranging from public education for the “normal” student to military preparedness are a remarkable legacy of the man who was once a Quaker schoolmaster at Oak Grove Seminary in Vassalboro, Maine. 

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Togus Springs One man’s folly becomes a home for veterans by: Penny S. Harmon

n the mid-1800s everyone was looking for a cure for ailments, including aching bones and sore muscles. It was a well-known fact that natural mineral springs were thought to heal skin ailments, muscle problems, and other health issues, including digestion problems. In this era everyone was looking for a way to make it big, and one man, a businessman from Rockland, Horace Beals, hoped his dream would come true with Togus Springs. Togus, coming from the Indian word “Worromontogus,” meaning mineral water, seemed to be the perfect name for this area of Chelsea, just on the outskirts of Augusta, the state capital. With natural mineral springs, Beals was hoping to develop a place where all his visitors could heal themselves naturally. He expected both the invalids and elderly to be a big

part of his business. His dream was to create a place where people could come to simply relax and to drink the mineral water that he could provide. It was 1859 when Beals was ready to open his Togus Springs to the public. Beals, wishing his new resort to be similar to that of Saratoga Springs, had built an exquisite hotel, race track, stables, a bowling alley and a farmhouse on the property, and invested a lot of money to beautify the landscape. According to previous publications, Beals invested more than $250,000 of his own money, hoping that Togus Springs would bring in an income that exceeded his earnings in the granite business. In today’s world, his initial $250,000 investment would exceed $6,000,000. Horace Beals actually had already

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(Continued on page 26)

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proven his success in business. He was coowner of the successful Dix Island Granite Company, which had been purchased in 1856. Beals may have been a man looking for wealth, but this didn’t stop him from being fair. According to the January, 1900 publication of Granite, Beals was a man of intensity and one with various resources. He claimed that he may have failed a few times, but that it “…was good for man. He used to say that a man never knew what there was in him until he had been on his business uppers two or three times. He said that if a man began making money right away, he was likely to get it into his noodle that it always grew that way, and he’d be worse off than ever when he found out that it didn’t.” However, what Horace Beals did not

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Discover Maine 26

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(Continued from page 25)

The government ended up buying Togus Springs for just $50,000 (just over a million in today’s economy), and quickly

count on was the Civil War. From 1859 until 1861 Togus Springs did receive a few visitors. However, when the war began in ‘61, people were no longer able to travel. What this meant for Beals was not good. His business began to fail and just a few years later, he had no choice but to shut it down. The year of 1863 became the end of his dream and the locals nicknamed the area “Beal’s Folly.” Beals’ failure turned into another dream. In 1865 President Abraham Lincoln signed an act for the National Asylum, later to become the National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers. With the Civil War, thousands of men needed treatment for their injuries from the war and a place to recuperate.

togus V.a. Hospital, augusta turned it into one of the first of many veterans’ homes. When the home opened to the first veteran on November 1, 1866, there had

been little work done to the area and it looked very similar to what Beals had dreamed. The hotel had simply been remodeled to accommodate the needs of the Civil War soldiers. However, with the needs of the soldiers growing, Togus soon began to house as many as 3,000 soldiers at one time. Barracks were built, the racetrack covered up, and, soon, a cemetery was mapped out. Unfortunately, many of the buildings that Horace Beals built on the land are now gone. More buildings were put up as sturdier quarters were needed. What does remain, though, is the comfortable and relaxing atmosphere that Beals was hoping for. A drive down the narrow, tree-lined road is quiet, and the campus offers both

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solitude and comfort to those who are the most deserving. While Beals may not have wanted his dream to fail, that dream turned into something good. Shortly after his business

failure, Beals passed away and was unable to see what became of Togus Springs. However, it can almost be guaranteed that if he was able to see what Togus Springs has become today, he would be proud of

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his accomplishments and know that he became part of something even bigger than what he expected. 

two men working with ice block equipment at the Consolidated ice Co. operation in Bowdoinham ca. 1895. the man on the right is lining each block up to be lifted by the steam powered conveyor belt into the ice house nearby. this operation on the Kennebec river was run as a monopoly at the turn of the 19th century by Charles W. morse of Bath. item #1202 from the collections of the maine Historical Society and www.Vintagemaineimages.com

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Grammar School building, Farmingdale. item #100739from the eastern illustrating & publishing Co. Collection and www.penobscotmarinemuseum.org

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Graveyard Hunting in Gardiner What stories are told on those old headstones by Penny S. Harmon hen passing by a cemetery, it is rare to give any thought to who the people are that are buried there. Usually if one gives it any thought at all, it is likely forgotten as soon as they leave the cemetery. Cemeteries intrigue me, as I have always been interested in the lives of those in our past. Not long ago something compelled me to visit the cemetery beside the Christ Church in Gardiner. Established in 1771, the history of this building is amazing, but what is even more amazing is the history in the graveyard outside. One of the first headstones I read was that of John Merrick and his wife, Rebecca. He, born in 1766, lived to be 95 years of age — a somewhat rare occurrence in the difficult times of the 1800s. His wife, Rebecca, passed just 10 years

prior and had lived to be 85. What does this tell us about these individuals? They lived long, and hopefully happily. Underneath Rebecca’s name the epitaph reads, “She lived not for herself but us.” In 1798, just a year after returning to England, John Merrick married Rebecca Vaughan, sister to Benjamin. That same year they returned to this country, settling in Hallowell. He became a prominent member of the community, eventually earning several notable titles including Trustee of Hallowell Academy, and was on the Board of Overseers at Bowdoin College. Much of his socialization was spent with Robert H. Gardiner. Born in 1782, Robert Hallowell eventually changed his name to Robert Hallowell Gardiner, as requested in his grandfather’s will. His grandfather, Dr.

Sylvester Gardiner, had left him his estate in Maine. Also on the Board of Overseers at Bowdoin College, he would sit and watch for John Merrick and his family to arrive by canoe. His family is also buried in the graveyard at the Christ Church. My venture into the graveyard at Christ Church led me in the direction of visiting more gravesites in the area. The Oak Grove Cemetery, just a short distance away, is the resting place of many notable area families. Perhaps one of the most famous is Edward Arlington Robinson, a well-known poet who grew up in Gardiner. His family monument is large and holds the name of many of his ancestors. Buried alongside Edward Arlington Robinson are hundreds of others who had much to do with the history of the (Continued on page 30)

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(Continued from page 29)

area. From the Hazzard family, who owned a shoe company and employed many in the area, to Alcander Fuller and his wife Lydia, buried with their daughter Annie, who passed away at just three months and 19 days. I also stopped in at Riverside Cemetery in Pittston. In this cemetery lies one of the most notable men of the 19th century — Major Reuben Colburn. As he was a shipbuilder, he and his crew offered their assistance to Colonel Benedict Arnold. In fact, when Benedict Arnold and a volunteer soldier only 19 years old by the name of Aaron Burr, came to Maine, they stayed with the Colburn family until they moved up the river to Fort Western. Major Reuben Colburn is buried alongside his wife, Lydia. The epitaph at their gravestone reads, “They rest, their sleep is sweet.” It is not possible to pass a graveyard and not wonder about those who are buried there. How did each one contribute to the community and the history of our great state? In many cases, all you have to do is read the gravestone. In Oak Hill Cemetery, another gravestone stood out. George E. Webber, died July 11, 1863 of wounds received at the Battle of Gettysburg while defending the constitution and laws of his country. He was just 22 years old. His wife, Melissa J. Webber, had passed away just two years prior. If you search the cemeteries in this area, you are bound to find others who also gave their life for your freedom. Anyone who is interested in the history of their community needs only to look in

Free Baptist Church, Gardiner. item #100887 from the eastern illustrating & publishing Co. Collection and www.penobscotmarinemuseum.org the local cemetery. Take some time and choose a gravestone that stands out to you. Quite often, a certain name will spark an interest. Perhaps choose one with a

great epitaph. Do some research and see what you can discover about the person, and you may just be surprised by what you come up with.

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aerial view of China. item #100412 from the eastern illustrating & publishing Co. Collection and www.penobscotmarinemuseum.org

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— Greater Kennebec Valley Region —

The Genealogy Corner: Tracing Mayflower Ancestry by Charles Francis or those caught up in the burgeoning hobby of building a family tree, the lure of claiming descent from one of the Pilgrims who sailed on the Mayflower is a great one. To mix metaphors, being able to claim Mayflower descent is something akin to catching the brass ring while riding a merry-go-round. It’s the almost unattainable grand prize of the genealogy sweepstakes. As one would expect — given the hopes some hold out that they will discover they are indeed Mayflower descendants — there are a fairly large number of spurious or faked and false lines that have evolved over the years purporting to prove Mayflower lineage. A good many of these can be found on that unfortunately all-too-often source of false facts and rumors — the Internet. Here it is possible to

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find fictional lines of descent leading back to such prominent Pilgrim figures as John Alden and William Brewster. One rather common misrepresentation has it that John Alden had several sons, either illegitimate or by a wife not included in the record. Their names usually appear as Zachariah and Henry, but there are other alternatives. In like manner, Elder William Brewster is often said to have married a Mary Wentworth or a Mary Welles. There is no supporting data for this. In addition, a William Brewster of Jamestown is sometimes put forth as Elder William Brewster’s son and a Nathanial Brewster of Connecticut as a descendant. At best, these are nothing more than wishful thinking and at worst, out-and-out fabrications. In short, it should be said that there are much better ways of tracing one’s ancestry back to the Mayflower than online. It is relatively easy to trace Mayflower descent. One reason for this is that no group of early American settlers and their descendants have been researched more than the Pilgrims that landed at Plymouth Rock in 1620, and those children and grandchildren who sprang from them. And, a good many of Pilgrim descendants ended up in Maine. This happenstance helps account for the fact that there is a Maine Mayflower Society. There are a number of commonly found Maine family surnames that trace back to that famous Plymouth Rock landing. One of them is Mayo, a well-known surname of the Kennebec Valley. Sally Ann Mayo of Hallowell, who married Samuel W. Huntington of the same community, serves as an example of the Mayflower descendants who settled the Kennebec region. The Hallowell Mayo family, which includes Sally Ann Mayo, is one of the families that can claim legitimate descent from

— Greater Kennebec Valley Region —

Elder William Brewster. The family can also claim descent from another prominent Plymouth Colony figure, Governor Thomas Prence. Thomas Prence married Patience Brewster, daughter of Elder William and Mary Brewster. There is no accepted maiden surname for Mary Brewster. Sally Ann Mayo is descended from Thomas and Patience (Brewster) Prence through their daughter Mercy, who married John Freeman. John and Mercy (Prence) Freeman were the parents of Hannah Freeman, who married John Mayo. Ebenezer Mayo, a descendant of John and Hannah (Freeman) Mayo, married Sarah Burgess. They moved to Hallowell and were the parents of Ephraim Mayo. Ephraim Mayo married Sarah Laughton. The latter were the parents of Sally Ann Mayo. Samuel W. Huntington, Sally Ann’s husband, was a prominent Hallowell manufacturer who prospered during the Civil War producing clothing for the Union Army. Samuel L. Huntington, the son of

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1890 Augusta area map Courtesy University of New Hampshire Library Digital Collections Initiative Available at: www.Galeyrie.com

(Continued on page 34)

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(Continued from page 33)

founded in 1901 by Archie Lee Talbot of Lewiston. Talbot, who served as a Deputy Governor-general of the national society, initiated research into Maine Mayflower descendants. It can be reached care of the Maine Mayflower Historian, P.O. Box 622, Yarmouth, Maine.

Samuel W. and Sally Ann (Mayo) Huntington, was a prominent figure in Augusta and Damariscotta. His interests included the Augusta firm of Huntington, Nason & Company, a well-known clothier of the late nineteenth- and early twentieth-centuries. If you intend on researching Mayflower genealogy, there are several unimpeachable resources to use. The foremost of these are the Massachusetts Society of Mayflower Descendants Research Library, and the New England Historical & Genealogical Society Research Library. The former is located at 150 Wood Road, Braintree, Massachusetts, and the latter at 101 Newbury Street, Boston. Before driving all the way to the Boston area, however, it is worthwhile to visit the local library to see if they have or can access through interlibrary loan materials published by either society. In addition, the Maine Mayflower Society is well worth looking into. The Maine Mayflower Society was

• • • • • • • • •

Once a Maine resident has documented that they are a Mayflower descendant, they become eligible to join the Maine Mayflower Society. The only requirement — besides being a Mayflower descendant — is age. Applicants must be 18 or over.

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— Greater Kennebec Valley Region —

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The Story Of Hazzard Shoe A famous name in shoes throughout the Northeast by Charles Francis

n the first half of twentieth century the name Hazzard was one of the best-known in the Kennebec Valley. Among other things the name represented stable employment. Men and women could count on lifelong jobs in Hazzard factories in Gardiner, Augusta and Skowhegan. In Gardiner, Hazzard also meant the community spirited Robert Parks Hazzard, for it was here the man who is most associated with the Hazzard business enterprises made his home. In the manufacturing world of the first half of the twentieth century Robert Parks Hazzard and the name Hazzard were most often associated with Hazzard Shoe, the company which produced the shoes made in Gardiner, Augusta and Skowhegan. The two were also associated with Beck-Hazzard, the company which operated a chain of close to 200 shoe stores throughout the Northeast. At the national level Robert Parks Hazzard was identified with such organizations as the National Boot and Shoe Manufacturing Association and the federal government’s National Industrial Conference Board. In the world of civic responsibility and commitment to community, the names Hazzard and Robert Parks Hazzard were associated with endeavors ranging from Maine to Florida. In Maine Robert Parks Hazzard was a strong supporter of the environmental issues of the day, and was a

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noted sportsman and outdoorsman. In Gardiner, Robert Hazzard’s largesse helped build the high school and a wing of the library. Far to the south, in Sarasota, Florida, Robert Hazzard donated the wherewithal ($8000) for the construction of a fountain (Hazzard Fountain) which still graces that community’s municipal building. While both the name Robert Parks Hazzard and Hazzard Shoe are most often associated with Maine — most notably Gardiner — the origin of both begin elsewhere, and the association of the name Hazzard with the shoe industry before the birth of Robert Hazzard. Robert Parks Hazzard entered the shoe industry in 1887 in Jamestown, New York at the age of nineteen. His father and his uncle operated a shoe factory in that city, Parks-Hazzard. In 1895 Robert Hazzard left the family company to strike out on his own in what was then the capitol of the boot and shoe industry in the United States — Brockton, Massachusetts. There he founded Fields-Hazzard. Then, in 1902 Robert Hazzard moved to Maine. What drew Robert Hazzard to Maine was opportunity. Hazzard became superintendent of the Commonwealth Shoe & Leather Company of Gardiner and Skowhegan. This was the company that manufactured the classic Bostonian shoe. In 1906 Robert Hazzard founded the

Snow-Hazzard Company. In 1910 SnowHazzard became the R. P. Hazzard Company. In 1913 Robert Hazzard purchased the Beck Shoe Company. Beck Shoe operated a chain of retail shoe stores. Hazzard changed the name to Beck-Hazzard, Incorporated. Robert Hazzard was president of both R. P. Hazzard and BeckHazzard. It is almost impossible today to realize the importance of R. P. Hazzard in the Kennebec Valley of the early 1900s. In the Roaring ‘20s the Gardiner factory employed some 900 workers. The Augusta plant employed another 200. The Skowhegan plant, a bit less. During this time period the R. P. Hazzard Company had an annual payroll of about one million dollars. The key to the company’s success was its target group. The company manufactured a medium grade of women’s shoes. This meant customers were, for the most part, middle class women, women who were willing to spend money for footwear that had a reputable brand name. And they bought these shoes on a regular basis. Robert Parks Hazzard’s name was wellknown in Maine for more than just shoes. He had fishing and hunting camps scattered across the state. They were a bit more than camps, however. They were opulent log homes. The one near (Continued on page 36)

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Discover Maine 36

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(Continued from page 35)

Gardiner, where Hazzard made his permanent home, was noted for its rustic munificence — if the latter terms cannot be said to be mutually exclusive. In the mid-1920s Robert Hazzard also built a summer home at Grand Beach in Old Orchard Beach. In style it was like nothing ever seen in the state of Maine. It was Spanish architecture! It was on Grand Beach Avenue, and commanded a view of the ocean that was considered unparalleled. Hazzard Shoe, like the Maine shoe industry as a whole, went into a period of decline as foreign competition came to the fore. Today the records of Hazzard Shoe are largely a subject for the historian. About 1970 Hazzard Shoe company records became the property of Special Collections of the Folger Library at the University of Maine. Beck-Hazzard Shoe Stores, however, continue to sell shoes in New Jersey and elsewhere. As for Robert Parks Hazzard, the time has come for a biography of this remark-

the elmwood Hotel, readfield. item #111080 from the eastern illustrating & publishing Co. Collection and www.penobscotmarinemuseum.org able man who made Maine and the Kennebec Valley his home, and in so many ways left his mark on both. Perhaps one

will be written in the not-too-far future. It is more than overdue.

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— Greater Kennebec Valley Region —

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— Greater Kennebec Valley Region —

The founding Of Sigma Kappa Sorority has long-standing ties to Maine by Charles Francis igma Kappa Sorority is one of the most unique philanthropic institutions in the country, having as it does long-standing ties to Maine. The national college sorority has as one of its philanthropies the Maine Seacoast Mission. Among other things, the Maine Seacoast Mission operates the famous Sunbeam V, the mission ship that operates out of Bar Harbor and serves the islands of the Downeast region and Maine counties of Hancock and Washington. Sigma Kappa has been one of the mission’s benefactors since 1918, contributing to its programs which provide relief to the needy in the form of clothing, food, shelter and medical supplies in times of crisis. Sigma Kappa chose the Maine Missionary Society as one of its philanthropies because the sorority was first established in

Maine. It was founded at Colby College in the school year 1873-74. Colby College was the first men’s college in New England to admit women. In 1871 Mary Chaffrey Low became the first woman to attend Colby. In 1873 she was joined by Elizabeth Gorham Hoag, Ida May Fuller, Frances Mann and Louise Helen Coburn. These five, being the only females on an all-male campus, drew together to form a society modeled on Phi Beta Kappa to promote social and literary functions for women. Two of my family members joined Sigma Kappa at their respective colleges. Both have Maine ties. Katherine Howe was a Sigma Kappa at Jackson College of Tufts University. Until the time of her death she summered at Bailey Island. Sarah Howe, her niece, joined Sigma Kappa at the University

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of Massachusetts. She worked at the Monhegan House on Monhegan Island in the summers to help defray her college expenses. My cousins are just two examples of Sigma Kappas who have felt the draw that Maine has on this nationwide sorority that supports the Maine Seacoast Mission. Intriguingly, the five unique women — and they were unique — who founded the first Sigma Kappa chapter at Colby also all had Maine ties. Perhaps this in part explains why this sorority with 105 college chapters and 135 alumnae chapters has endured and grown as it has, and why it continues to support a worthy Maine institution like the Maine Seacoast Mission. Mary Chaffrey Low was born in Waterville to Ira and Ellen (Chaffrey) Low in 1850. Ira Low was a successful Waterville pharmacist.

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— Greater Kennebec Valley Region —

Elizabeth Gorham Hoag, born in 1857, was another Waterville girl who grew up attending the same Quaker Meeting House as Mary Low. Unlike Mary Low, Elizabeth Hoag grew up fatherless. She and her mother lived with her grandmother. Ida May Fuller was a Brunswick native. Born to Joseph and Annie (Brown) Fuller in 1858, she came from a family whose male members traditionally attended Colby. Her brother Blin, who had the typical masculine attitudes of the day regarding education for women, refused to attend Colby because Ida was a student there. Ironically, his two daughters went on to higher education, joining Sigma Kappa in the process. Frances Mann was from Yarmouth. Her parents, William and Charlotte, operated a prosperous farm in Freeport. Frances was teaching in Rockport, Massachusetts when she decided to attend Colby. Louise Helen Coburn came from one of the most prestigious families in Maine — the Coburn family of Skowhegan. Her father Stephen, a Colby graduate, was a congressman, and her Uncle Abner was a

governor of Maine. Of the five founders of Sigma Kappa all but one lived into old age. Elizabeth Hoag died when she was eighteen in 1875. The cause of her death was tuberculosis. The other founding sorority members lived to play roles in the expansion of their sorority and to see the Maine Seacoast Mission become one of the sorority’s philanthropies in 1918. Mary Low was Colby valedictorian in 1875. She went on to marry and teach school in Augusta. Her later years were spent living with her daughter in Cambridge, Massachusetts. There she entertained Sigma Kappas from Boston University and Jackson College. Katherine Howe, my cousin, attended Low’s teas and listened to her tell what a worthy cause the Maine Seacoast Mission was. It was Low’s stories of Maine that led my cousin and her husband to purchase a summer home on Bailey Island. In turn, it was Katherine Howe who encouraged her Sigma Kappa niece to get a job on Monhegan Island. Ida Fuller moved to Kansas and married

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there. Her niece Abby, daughter of Blin Fuller, founded the University of Kansas chapter of Sigma Kappa. Ida Fuller served as the chapter’s housemother for a number of years. Frances Mann married a fellow Colby student, George Hall. The two were career teachers. Louise Helen Coburn had a notable career as a writer and botanist. Involved with Colby all her life, she, along with Mary Low, fought the move to return Colby to all-male status by creating a separate women’s division in 1890. Their effort failed. Coburn became the college’s first female trustee. Colby banned all fraternities and sororities at in 1984. The reasons in part had to do with hazing. Undoubtedly, the five founders of Colby’s Sigma Kappa would have deplored some of the practices adopted by latter day fraternities and sororities. One can be just as assured they would approve the fact that Sigma Kappas across the country still feel ties to Maine — ties that are demonstrated with the sorority’s support of the Maine Seacoast Mission.  Stephen L. Vorpagel

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1912 Livermore/Fayette area map Courtesy University of New Hampshire Library Digital Collections Initiative Available at: www.Galeyrie.com

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main Street, Kents Hill. item #107364 from the eastern illustrating & publishing Co. Collection and www.penobscotmarinemuseum.org

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cannot remember how many times in my life I’ve seen my name, both first and last, mangled beyond recognition. And yet, I chose to keep this quirky, French surname even after I was married. Call it what you will, but I guess I am as proud of my heritage as any man would be of his. The Lanteigne name originated in the Brittany region of France. Sometime in the early- to mid-1700s Louis de Lanteigne migrated to the shores of New Brunswick, Canada, thus planting the first of countless generations of Lanteignes in the New World. They say the Lanteigne constitution is strong, that we all live to a ripe old age, and that there is something in the salt air that seems to pulse in the blood of anyone with that last name. Five generations of Lanteignes have called Maine “home” beginning with my great grandfather, Pierre Urbain Lanteigne, affectionately known as “Reuben.” He was born in 1899 in a beautiful fishing village called Caraquet, New

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Brunswick. He had five brothers and four sisters — not uncommon for a French Catholic family. Reuben moved to Maine looking for work. He first worked as a carpenter, and then gained employment at Wyandotte Worsted Co. as a millwright in Winslow where he worked for twenty years. My great grandfather was the first of four Lanteigne generations representing the proud French-Canadian contribution to the manufacturing sector of Maine’s mills. The second generation of mill workers in the Lanteigne family was represented by Francis Eugene Lanteigne, born in Waterville in 1915. Gramp lived with his Aunt Vesta and Uncle Lafey on their farm in Rome. When he married my grandmother Alice Reynolds in 1936, they lived with old Lafey and Vesta. Gramp worked most of his professional career as a millwright at Keyes Fibre in Waterville. He carried on the blue-collar tradition of good, honest work at a mill begun by his father. He retired in 1979 after twentyfour years of service and died in 1998.

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Caraquet: l to r Germaine lanteigne, pierre "reuben" lanteigne, Gene lanteigne, Judy (lanteigne) Buzzell circa 1955, Caraquet, New Brunswick, Canada. this would be my great-great-grandmother, great-grandfather, grandfather, and aunt.

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Discover Maine 44

— Greater Kennebec Valley Region —

(Continued from page 43)

Front row, l to r: Keeling dorogi, alice lanteigne, Braden dorogi Back row, l to r: louis dorogi, Buddy lanteigne, aimee lanteigne

My father represents the third generation of mill workers in the family. Christened Eugene Henry Lanteigne, my father is known to everyone as “Buddy.” After graduating from Williams High School in Oakland in 1962, he enlisted in the U.S. Marine Corps. Eventually my father worked eight hours a day, seven days a week, for thirty-four years at Keyes Fibre, where his father had worked most all of his life. He retired in 2002 and even though he no longer “works” for a living, he never rests and for this reason never grows old. My brother and I represent the fourth generation of Lanteignes. Josh is employed by one of the few remaining manufacturing plants left in Maine and may be the last in line of those Lanteignes carrying out the hard but proud work in manufacturing. I graduated from the University of Maine at Farmington in 1995, the first Lanteigne to graduate from college, and became a teacher. As paper mills die out and the economy shifts, the current and future Lanteigne generations

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will move into 21st century jobs, such as those in technology and renewable energy. My children represent the fifth generation of Lanteignes. There was much angst after finding out our first baby was going to be a boy. The Lanteigne name must go on, yet how could I deprive my husband of passing on his last name? A “deal” was struck. While our son would get my husband’s last name, I would choose his first name, Keeling. In 2003 our second son Braden was born in Waterville, the town of his mother’s, grandfather’s and greatgrandfather’s birth. While my boys do not share my last name, I hope that somehow, someday, they will find a way to keep the name alive. I doubt they will find employment in the manufacturing sector when they are older — they will be part of Maine’s new economy. We are a family much like any other Maine clan, but our roots are deep in this great state. The Lanteigne family has lived, worked, and died in central Maine for over a hundred years. If it’s true what is said about the Lanteigne constitution, I don’t expect that to change anytime soon.

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Discover Maine 46

— Greater Kennebec Valley Region —

what Happened To The Judge? Judge with summer home in Belgrade disappeared in 1920 by Penny S. Harmon

ugust of 2010 marked the 80th he often had dealings with both women come someone new. This is what most beanniversary of the disappearance and disreputable characters, it was thought lieved, especially after his wife came home of Supreme Court Justice Joseph that he was probably murdered by either a from a trip in 1931 to find a dresser F. Crater. At 41 years of age, he disap- former mistress or someone who was un- drawer containing four envelopes. One peared after traveling from his summer happy with the outcome of a business held almost $7,000, another held stock certificates and bonds, and anhome in Belgrade Lakes to New York City. He told only his wife, When the police put out a poster offering a $5,000 other held life insurance policies Stella Wheeler Crater, that he had reward for information regarding the whereabouts and the deed to their property in of Judge Crater, calls came in by the hundreds. Belgrade Lakes. The last contained business to attend to in the city, For many years the police were overwhelmed by a note to her that ended, “Am very and more than ten days passed becalls, but none actually produced a good lead. weary. Love, Joe.” The police had fore his wife began to worry. However, many still believed that Judge Crater not found these envelopes when However, it wasn’t until the Auhad simply changed lives. they had earlier searched the gust 25th when he missed a court house. appearance that his friends started When the police put out a poster offerto take the disappearance seriously. It was- deal. In fact, though, all of the evidence n’t until September 3rd, almost a month pointed to the fact that he was probably ing a $5,000 reward for information reafter his disappearance, that the police ac- murdered by someone he had taken for a garding the whereabouts of Judge Crater, calls came in by the hundreds. For many ride. tually got involved. Others thought he may have wanted out years the police were overwhelmed by For the first few years after his disappearance, the rumors were many. Because of his life and simply checked out to becalls, but none actually produced a good

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— Greater Kennebec Valley Region —

lead. However, many still believed that Judge Crater had simply changed lives. This all changed in April of 2005 when Stella Ferrucci-Good, from Bellerose, NY, died at the age of 91. She left a note behind that was marked “Do not open until my death.” In this note, she claimed to have knowledge of Judge Crater’s death. She claimed that her late husband, Robert Good, and Charles Burns, both police officers with the NYPD, along with Frank Burns, Charles’ brother and cab driver, had killed Judge Crater. She also stated that he had been buried on Coney Island, under the boardwalk, where the New York Aquarium is currently located. After this note surfaced, it was found that a Charles Burns did serve from 1926 until 1946 on the NYPD, and some of that time was spent on Coney Island. It was also discovered that when the aquarium was under construction in the 1950s, skeletal remains were found. Unfortunately, as they did not have the technology, those remains could not be linked to any missing person, including Judge Crater.

Many wonder why the remains of those skeletons found on Coney Island have not been exhumed so that the technology available today could be used to clarify whether they do indeed belong to Judge Crater. Sadly, these skeletal remains were reburied in Potters Field on Hart Island in unmarked mass graves. To find the remnants of what could be Judge Crater would require digging up the coffins that are stacked three high, two across, and in rows of 25. In other words, it is an impossible feat. Others wonder whatever happened to Judge Crater’s wife. After his disappearance, Stella spent a lot of her time at her home in Belgrade. Stella did write down her thoughts about her husband’s disappearance and it was published in 1961. “The Empty Robe” gives a solid account of the details of her husband’s disappearance, but, more importantly, it gives insight into her belief that her husband was an honorable man, despite what the media, friends, and associates stated. Her belief in her husband may have

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been the reason that she held onto the property in Belgrade Lakes for so long after his disappearance. Having spent a lot of time there with her husband, she probably felt closest to him by the lake. She did, however, remarry in 1939 to Karl Kunz. Unfortunately, this marriage did not work out for her. She did hold onto the property in Maine for another 10 years. Since 1949 the property has only changed hands one more time, being sold to the current owner in 1977. Stella passed away at the age of 82 in 1969. While the disappearance of Judge Crater still remains a mystery 80 years later, everyone has their own thoughts about what really happened. The case was closed in 1979, only to be reopened when Ms. Good’s letter came into play. Unfortunately, we have no way of knowing how this man with connections to Maine died. Was he murdered and buried on Coney Island? Or did he make the choice to leave behind his wife, who continued to honor him even after he disappeared? 

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Discover Maine 48

— Greater Kennebec Valley Region —

freeman Knowles Flaming Socialist by way of Harmony by Charles Francis reeman Knowles’ last resting place is Mount Moriah Cemetery. His grave is well up this particular formation of South Dakota’s Black Hills. Not far from where Knowles lies one finds gravestones of some of the most famous of Old West icons. James Butler “Wild Bill” Hickok is here. So is Martha Canary, A.K.A. Calamity Jane. Mount Moriah is in Deadwood. The cemetery encapsulates more than a modicum of local history and some history that extends beyond the immediate locale. Seth Bullock, credited by some for giving Teddy Roosevelt the idea for forming the Rough Riders, has his final resting place here. Bullock was Deadwood’s first sheriff. He spearheaded the drive to have the first Black Hills memorial to Teddy Roosevelt placed atop nearby Mt. Roosevelt.

Mount Moriah Cemetery has a children’s section. It speaks to nineteenth century diseases like scarlet fever and diphtheria. It has a mass grave filled by mill workers that died in a hotel fire. It also has a Civil War section. Freeman Knowles could have been placed here. He fought in the war. He was a veteran of the famous 16th Maine. Knowles isn’t here, though. He has his own special place at Mount Moriah. The reason for this happenstance may have something to do with the fact Knowles was a Congressman. He only served a single term, though. Knowles’ accomplishments as a veteran stand above those of his tenure in the House of Representatives. Freeman Knowles was best known in Deadwood and the surrounding region as editor and publisher of the Lead Lantern.

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The Lantern serves as the link to Knowles’ real notoriety. That notoriety rests on Knowles’ reputation as a “flaming” outand-out Socialist. Freeman Knowles was a Populist. This means he was friend to the working man. In the Dakotas, working man meant miner, and, to a lesser extent, farmer and mill worker. Knowles stood up for these groups when he was in Congress. His greatest service on behalf of the Black Hills working man came with the Lantern, however. And it was the Lantern that brought about Knowles’ downfall. The Lantern brought Knowles to the attention of William Randolph Hearst. The powerful yellow journalist didn’t like it that a local paper could steal some of his own self-generated thunder as the friend of the working man.

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— Greater Kennebec Valley Region —

The above few allusions are indicative of the fact that Freeman Knowles was a fighter. It just might be more appropriate to identify him as first of all a fighter, and then “flaming” Socialist, though the two do seem inseparable in this particular instance. Deadwood is in Lawrence County, South Dakota. Lawrence County was most definitely Knowles’ county. He was the Socialist movement there and with his passing the movement passed, too. That point aside, just how much of a fighter was Freeman Knowles? When Freeman Knowles signed up with the 16th Maine in June of 1862 he was barely five months shy of his sixteenth birthday. How did he get away with enlisting? The answer is that the teenager lied about his age. Knowles said he was eighteen. The muster list of the 16th Maine gives young Freeman Knowles’ hometown as Skowhegan. That’s not quite right, either. Actually he was from Harmony. He went to school in Skowhegan, though. He went to Bloomfield Academy. These few facts now bring us to the 16th Maine. The 16th Maine is one of the state’s great Civil War regiments — one of the truly remarkable ones. Were it not for the vagaries of popular history we might know as much of the 16th as we do of the 20th Maine. The fame of the 16th Maine rests on events leading up to Gettysburg. That story is as follows. Union and Confederate troops are jockeying for position along the Chambersburg Pike. Chambersburg Pike leads to Gettysburg and Cemetery Ridge.

Whichever side gains control of the Pike will have the advantage in moving troops to high ground. This is the situation when the 16th Maine comes to the fore. This is the situation when the 16th leaves its mark in the battle that is referred to as the turning point of the War Between the States. The 1st Corps, which includes the 16th Maine, is assigned to stop the Confederate advance. The 11th Corps is brought up as support. The two corps are unable to stop the Confederates. They retreat to regroup. As the mass of Union forces retreats, the 16th is ordered to provide cover. As to the exact number of the 16th at this point, that figure seems conflicted, however, 275 appears more than once. Incredibly, the actions of these 275 allow for the orderly retreat of the two corps. Though the 16th eventually capitulates, the Confederates do not have the satisfaction of taking the regiment’s colors. The men of the 16th rip the regimental flag into small pieces. Each takes a swatch. The record states just thirty of the 16th escaped to fight again. There are dead and wounded. 169 are

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taken prisoner. Freeman Knowles is one of these. He is eventually paroled. After the war Knowles seems to have alternated between living in Maine and the west. He married and fathered six children, five of them girls. All of his children are born in Maine. 1869 finds him practicing law in Denison, Iowa. In 1879 the entire family is living in Crawford, Iowa. Here Knowles supports himself and family as a carpenter. From Iowa it is on to Nebraska, and then the Black Hills. It is at this point Knowles finds his life work as an activist and as a newspaper publisher and editor. He publishes two papers and then the Lantern. Freeman Knowles makes the Lead Lantern the mine workers’ voice. Biting editorials for better pay and hours at mines like the Homestake are Knowles’ entry port to politics. He is elected to Congress in 1896 as a Populist, the party of the west. His one term in Washington is colorless. The same is not the case upon his return to the Black Hills. (Continued on page 50)

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Discover Maine 50

— Greater Kennebec Valley Region —

(Continued from page 49)

In 1906 William Randolph Hearst runs for Governor of New York. He runs as the friend of the working man. In line with this he sends an investigative reporter to the Black Hills. Hearst knows there is trouble at the Homestake Mine. Freeman Knowles has covered it in the Lantern. Part of the problem is hours. The Homestake has a ten-hour day. Hearst has already attacked a mine with an eight-hour day. There is no compensation for injury at the Homestake. Homestake workers and guards have clashed. Guards have killed workers. All of this has been reported in the Lantern. Ironically, William Randolph Hearst doesn’t try to one-up Knowles by taking after the mine owners with his powerful chain of newspapers. He supports the owners. He wants to destroy Knowles. His ploy is to support libel cases against Knowles. He does it with money and in his papers. Knowles comes out the loser. His paper folds and he goes to jail. Freeman Knowles died in 1910. It was either during surgery or as a result of surgery. Today the boy who left Bloomfield Academy and lied about his age to join the Union Army is famous in Deadwood and the entire Black Hills region as “the flaming” Socialist who championed the rights of the working man. What more could one ask than to be remembered as standing up for the underdog?

1912 Harmony area map Courtesy University of New Hampshire Library Digital Collections Initiative Available at: www.Galeyrie.com

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— Greater Kennebec Valley Region —

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Discover Maine 52

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the Square in North anson. item #101791 from the eastern illustrating & publishing Co. Collection and www.penobscotmarinemuseum.org

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— Greater Kennebec Valley Region —

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Discover Maine 54

— Greater Kennebec Valley Region —

The waterville Juggernaut Unlikely contender in 1944 New England tournament by Charles Francis verybody likes a winner. It’s human nature to identify with a winner. That’s why so many of us wear a T-shirt or hat or sweat shirt emblazoned with the name of a particular team or player. And inevitably the name is that of the very best we can find. For any number of reasons no one wants to be linked to a loser. Back in the winter of 1943-44, fans of the Waterville Purple Panthers boys’ basketball team had the great fortune of being associated with, or being able to identify with, a group of Maine athletes who went all the way. The 1943-44 Purple Panthers amassed a perfect record that basketball season. The perfect 28-0 Purple Panther season is unique in Maine schoolboy hoop history. It includes something more than

being a state champion. True, Waterville was state champ. In reaching this lofty goal Waterville defeated Millinocket’s Stearns High Minutemen in the Regionals. Any team that notches a win over Stearns is worthy of note. From the Regionals the Purple Panthers went on to beat Portland. That meant Waterville had bragging rights as the best of Maine’s best. The real bragging rights of the 1943-44 Purple Panthers doesn’t just rest on being state champs, though. The laurels here have to do with being New England champs. The Maine Sports Hall of Fame fairly trumpets the fact that the ‘43-44 Waterville team is the only Maine team to win a New England championship when the field included representatives from each of the New England states, including

Connecticut. In winning the New England Interscholastic Basketball Tournament of 1944 Waterville beat another undefeated team, the Eastern Massachusetts regional winner Somerville. The reason why Somerville is noted as being the eastern Massachusetts winner is that Massachusetts and Connecticut sent two teams each to the New Englands at this time. The other New England states only sent one. Sports buffs love sports history. It is history that makes the stuff of legend and Waterville had the stuff of legend back in the ‘43-44 season. That legend includes a Freshman starter named Ted Shiro. It includes flashy guard John Mitchell dribbling out the clock against Somerville in a feat of ball-handling perhaps never seen at the high school level. And it includes

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— Greater Kennebec Valley Region —

one team member, Red Noel, leaving the Purple Panthers in January to serve with the Marines in the Pacific theater. That Waterville was 1944 New England champion is remarkable in itself. The reason has nothing to do with the competition. That reason is that the tournament might not even have occurred. The 1943 tournament didn’t. It was the war. World War II was raging in Europe and the Pacific. There is another reason why the ‘44 tournament is remarkable. Connecticut didn’t have a team in the final. Connecticut dominated the tournament as no other New England state had. The modern tournament began in 1921. From that year until 1962, Connecticut won the New Englands twenty-six times. When Somerville made it to the finals and there was no Connecticut opponent, the Massachusetts high school was expected to emerge as New England hoop champion. After all, Waterville was viewed as having sort of backed into the championship game by defeating two of the tour-

nament’s weaker teams, the New Hampshire representative from Portsmouth and De Lasalle Academy of Newport, Rhode Island. The score of the first game had been 58-38; the second 42-37. It didn’t matter that back in Maine the Purple Panthers had defeated Stearns and Portland — teams that would have been competitive in the New Englands — by 66-39 and 53-33 respectively. The New England Interscholastic Basketball Tournament of 1944 was held in Providence, Rhode Island, at Brown University. The Brown venue didn’t have the accommodations of Boston Garden which would see standing-room-only crowds of 13,000 for a New England final — nevertheless, the Providence crowds were the biggest the Purple Panthers played in front of that year, and Waterville presented them with a treat no one outside of Maine could have foreseen, for Waterville was, indeed, a juggernaut. The word juggernaut may be capitalized or lower case. Capitalized, it refers to an Indian idol that was drawn on a gigantic

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cart. Devotees of the Hindu god would throw themselves under the cart’s wheels to their destruction. When lower case, juggernaut is used to identify an overpowering force such as a great battleship or unbeatable sports team. The Somerville basketball team ran afoul of a juggernaut at Brown University in the New England championship game. That this was the case was clear to every fan in the stands from the beginning. The score at the end of the first quarter was (Continued on page 56)

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Discover Maine 56

— Greater Kennebec Valley Region —

(Continued from page 55)

anew every generation. One way of civilizing new generations is through sport. We see this with Wally Donovan and the Waterville Panthers of 1943-34. Others did, too. The Purple Panthers returned to Waterville to be met by fans and dignitaries. Waterville’s mayor, George Doyle, was a greeter. So, too, was Congressman Harry Gillson. Mrs. Sumner Sewell, wife of Maine’s Governor, made a brief welcom-

18-2. For the rest of the game, Waterville played ball control. It was a frustrating experience for the Massachusetts team. There are a few Maine basketball coaches who have been masters of ball control. George Wentworth of Stearns comes to mind here. Wentworth coached Dave Pound, who went on to coach at Searsport and Cony. He, too, was a master of ball control. Wally Donovan, the Purple Panther coach, was another master of ball control. And Donovan had a master ball handler in Johnny Mitchell. Somerville simply couldn’t adjust to the Purple Panther’s style of play. The first quarter had been run and gun. After that Waterville was deliberate. That’s why the final score was 47-34. Capping off Waterville’s deliberation was Mitchell’s dribbling exhibition with 3:55 left on the clock to end the game. The backdrop for the 1944 New England tournament is World War II. War is brutal and destructive. Its opposite is civilization. Civilization must be learned

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ing speech. If one accepts that history repeats itself then one may look to the past for both good models and for bad. If each generation must be civilized as to what is highest and best, then one may consider the Purple Panthers of 1943-44 as an appropriate model for that which is best. 

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— Greater Kennebec Valley Region —

Winslow post office. item #102939 from the eastern illustrating & publishing Co. Collection and www.penobscotmarinemuseum.org

Silver Fox and Stamps More

Scrapbooking and Stamping Supplies, Classes, Latest Products, and More! phone: (207) 873-5249

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Fort Halifax, built in 1754 as an outpost against the indians. item #102940 from the eastern illustrating & publishing Co. Collection and www.penobscotmarinemuseum.org

B & F Fresh Vegetables Vegetables Flowers Lobsters • Clams Christmas Trees & Wreaths

LiSA OSEngA, PROPRiETOR 199 McGrath Pond Road Oakland, Maine 04963 (207) 992-7931

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Clean Burning & Highly Fragranced Organic Wax Candles Natural and Organic Bath & Body Products

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Discover Maine 58

— Greater Kennebec Valley Region —

The Cascade woolen Mill End of an era

by James Nalley

t approximately 12:30 a.m. on by the loss. It was the last remnant of outerwear and furniture upholstery. Its January 24, 2010, a phone call Oakland’s historic past that dated back to biggest competitor was the Oakland Woolen Company (located at the top of was placed by a resident of Oak- the 1880s, and it was now gone forever. Established in 1882, the Cascade the Messalonskee), but after it burned land, Maine, to report that there was a fire in a downtown building. But this was not Woolen Mill was one of many different down in 1933, only the Cascade Mill remained as the lone successful surjust another building, it was a hisvivor. toric landmark known to many In 1933 a British-born immiresidents as the former Cascade “More than 100 firefighters from 13 area Woolen Mill. By the time the first fire departments helped put out the fire. grant named Frederick Tipper bought the mill during the Great crews arrived on Cascade Mill Nobody was injured.” Depression for a very reasonable Road, they found the five-and-a— Fire Chief David Coughlin price. According to his grandson, half story wooden building comGerald Tipper, “He was living in pletely engulfed in flames. According to Fire Chief David Coughlin, industries located along the Messalonskee New York and was selling for Milliken, “More than 100 firefighters from 13 area Stream. Like many businesses, it struggled and they owned the mill. They were a fire departments helped put out the fire. during its first few years but eventually large national textile company.” Seth MilNobody was injured.” The next day, for- found its position in the highly competi- liken (from Portland, Maine) was one of mer co-owner Betsy Tipper surveyed the tive textile industry by creating custom- five founders of the mill. Tipper further still-smoking grounds and was saddened made wool and blends for a variety of added, “My dad came up and ran it, and I

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— Greater Kennebec Valley Region —

came in 1967, after I came out of graduate school and worked for Corning, to take over the running of the mill… then in 1973 we merged with a company in Connecticut called Charles House. Then I bought the company back in 1984.” By the mid-1980s and early 1990s the mill was at the peak of its overall production,and included 250 employees from the regional area, making it the largest employer in Oakland. “We were doing just fine,” said Tipper, but the success slowly transformed into the beginning of a long and slow demise due to a competitive foreign market. In a January 2010 interview with the Morning Sentinel in Waterville, Tipper stated, “Originally they [the manufactured items] were made in the United States; then, in-

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messalonskee Stream at oakland creasingly, it became more in places like Honduras and Asia, the Far East… The imports started coming in, and it became just very difficult to compete with cheap imports… and our customers started manufacturing their garments all offshore. They were no longer manufacturing in the United States.” From 1992 to 1997 the competition against foreign-made fabrics had become

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Discover Maine

too great for the mill, which showed in its annual losses five years in a row. Tipper recalls, “It got so bad we could not pay all of our taxes to the town.” With hopes of a revival, attempts were made to merge the mill with an important Austrian fabric company. Unfortunately, negotiations failed and the fate of the mill was sealed. By 1998 the Cascade Mill had officially closed its doors and was turned over to the town in exchange for more than $400,000 in back taxes. During the following decade, the city-owned structure provided space for several different tenants, but K-D Display & Design has the unfortunate distinction of being the final business to occupy the historic building before the devastating fire. (Continued on page 60)

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Discover Maine 60

— Greater Kennebec Valley Region —

(Continued from page 59)

Due to the valiant efforts of the firefighters, the four additional buildings of the Cascade Mill were fortunately spared with no loss of life or injury. The blaze was controlled but the task was not easy. Members of the 13 area fire departments had successfully maneuvered the narrow street with their equipment, battled the freezing January temperatures, and managed the frozen surfaces by using dirt for traction. But in the end, all that remained was a pile of charred steel and wooden ashes that once supported the magnificent structure. Perhaps in the future something could be rebuilt in its place, but until then, the location will just remain a memory of former prosperous times in a quaint New England town. As Tipper commented, “It makes me feel sad that this piece of history is gone from Oakland, and I’m just happy that I had a chance to be part of that history and sad that it’s gone.”  Other businesses from this area are featured in the color section.

Bathing scene at alden Camps, oakland. item #103620 from the eastern illustrating & publishing Co. Collection and www.penobscotmarinemuseum.org

B’s Home Service

webber welding

@ Home electric

Jeffrey A. webber

Steven H. Mallen, Master electrician

Barbara Russell home, Business Camp, Yard & Garden fall, spring or weekly Cleaning

portable welding AwS Certified unlimited insured

wallpapering • Painting Remodeling

207-397-2007 Rome, Maine

(207) 685-9793 Cell (207) 215-5119 885 Plains Road Mount Vernon, ME 04352

is your family part of Maine history? if your family goes back in Maine history 5 or more generations and you’d like to have a story done about your family history, give us a call.

Discover Maine Magazine (207) 874-7720• 800 753 8684 www.discovermainemagazine.com

Serving you Since 1978

Commercial/Residential Electrical Installations 24 Hour Emergency Service

Cell: 242-2227 293-2140

31 Poplar Point • Mt. Vernon, ME

— Greater Kennebec Valley Region —

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Honoring Clair Goodblood, Medal Of Honor Recipient Veteran of “the forgotten war” by Charles Francis hat Maine does not forget its honored dead and its veterans goes without saying. Even the smallest of Maine towns have their carefully tended memorials to those who fought in wars past. In fact, it is doubtful if there is anywhere in the state where there isn’t a war memorial either under construction or in the process of being refurbished at this very moment. The honoring of Maine veterans begins in the spring. Early every May, local municipal officials or their designates can be found placing small flags at veterans’ grave sites prior to Memorial Day. For many, the preparations leading up to Memorial Day — the holiday that came into existence to honor the veterans of the War Between the States — and its accompanying rituals Cpl. Clair Goodblood marks the real end of winter and mud season. It is when time is set

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aside to clean up around and otherwise straighten or repair the war memorials and cemetery markers dedicated to those who served their country at home and abroad. Veterans Day on November 11 — the holiday that was set aside to mark the close of World War I — marks the end of this annual practice. The more recently constructed of Maine war memorials are those dedicated to the veterans of the country’s most recent wars, such as the Gulf War and Viet Nam. Though it may seem a bit odd, Korean War memorials fall into this category. The oddity is, of course, that the Korean War is now over half a century in the past. Fifty years and more would seem enough time for a good many Korean War memorials to have been constructed and dedicated in Maine as well as across the country as a whole. Yet, for some five and more decades, few were. One wonders, why? Perhaps the best answer to this particular “why” lays in the fact that many writers and historians of today now call the Korean War the “forgotten war.” 1992 marks the date that Mainers really began to be aware of (Continued on page 62)

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Discover Maine 62

— Greater Kennebec Valley Region —

(Continued from page 61)

ting memorial. One must see it to understand how fitting. Pictures are not enough. It must be seen to appreciate its emotional impact. Clair Goodblood became a member of the United States Army at the age of seventeen. He was a machine gunner. Cpl. Clair Goodblood lost his life holding a position that he must have realized would be overrun. He held his position so that members of his company might withdraw. He held his position with a single assistant. When that assistant was severely wounded, Goodblood ordered the assistant’s evacuation, maintaining his position to provide covering fire for the continued withdrawal. When Cpl. Goodblood’s body was recovered, some 100 enemy dead were found within his field of fire. Cpl. Goodblood was attached to Company B of the 7th Infantry at the time of his death. His company had been ordered to withdraw in the face of overwhelming odds at the time of the action in which he lost his life. Cpl. Goodblood and his assistant had volunteered to stay behind to

the sacrifices Maine men made in Korea. That year marks the formation of the state’s Korean War Veterans Association. It also marks the year that efforts began to build a Maine Korean War memorial. Today that memorial can be found in Mt. Hope Cemetery in Bangor. As of this writing that memorial is yet to be completed. Bangor saw the formation of the first Korean War Veterans Association chapter, the Burton-Goode-Sergant Chapter. It has been followed with the formation of more chapters. One of these is the Cpl. Clair Goodblood chapter of Augusta. Cpl. Clair Goodblood died in action on April 25, 1951. He was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor. He was just twenty-one when he died. Clair Goodblood was born in Fort Kent. He grew up in Burnham. On Memorial Day 1998 the Corporal Clair Goodblood Chapter, Korean War Veterans Association dedicated a memorial to Cpl. Goodblood in Burnham. It is a fit-

cover the withdrawal. Cpl. Goodblood and his assistant were defending their position when an enemy grenade was thrown into their fortification. Seeing the grenade, Cpl. Goodblood threw himself on his assistant as a shield. Both were wounded. Clair Goodblood’s actions were of the highest caliber. One may wonder why men like Clair Goodblood do what they do. Why they commit to the ultimate in sacrifice, in bravery. Why they fight. Why, in the face of all human logic, they continue on into the whirlwind of certain destruction. Some might use words like patriotism or love of country to explain such gallantry. These extraordinarily brave men do what they do for family, for mothers or fathers or wives or sweethearts. They do what they do for a colonel or a lieutenant. These explanations seem lacking somehow. Perhaps the best explanation for acts of bravery like those of Clair Goodblood is found in the word friendship. The heroic few do what they do for their closest

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— Greater Kennebec Valley Region —

Discover Maine

friends, the men they are physically closest to. These are men with whom they eat and sleep in the worst of conditions — conditions like those where the enemy is just moments away. It is under conditions like these where men’s lives become so woven together that they are as whipcord. Under these conditions you cannot let someone as close as a friend go down under fire. If you want to learn more about Cpl. Clair Goodblood’s career in the military or his early life, the book Above and Beyond the Call of Duty: The Corporal Clair Goodblood Story, by Michael O’Brien is well worth the time spent locating a copy. Unfortunately, as of this writing, the book is out of print. However, if your local library does not have a copy, it should be available through interlibrary loan. 

Other businesses from this area are featured in the color section.

Phil Carter’s Garage “serving you since 1960” Air Conditioning Specialist Registered With International Mobile Air Conditioning Certification Association (IMACA)

From Foreign & Domestic to 18-Wheelers When It Comes to Air Conditioning, Phil Carter’s Garage Is the only name! Tune-Ups • Exhausts • Brakes Complete Car Care Needs

453-6310

1 Pleasant Drive, Benton Station

B & D Well

Drilling Don Emmert, owner

948-3170 Cable Tool • Old-Style Drilling Pump Installation • Rotary Drilling Air Hammer • State License ~ Free Estimates ~ 30 north Horseback Road Burnham, Maine 04992

tibbett’s Shoe Store, Benton. item #115963 from the eastern illustrating & publishing Co. Collection and www.penobscotmarinemuseum.org

Animal House Pet Supplies, Inc.

“Home of all your pet needs!” We oﬀer: • Chicken Soup • Premium Edge • Solid Gold • Merrick • Science Diet • Taste of the Wild

Propane exchange • Movie Rentals

PAttErSon’S GEnErAl StorE Pizza • Subs • Baskets • Cigs • Soda GAS

Unleaded • diesel Fuel

oPEn 7 dAYS Mon.-Fri. 9:30am-6pm Sat. 9:30am-5pm

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207-948-3388

“Your pets are alwaYs welcome!”

Cold beer • Deli Case

dAC dIStrIBUtorS, InC. Auto Parts & Accessories domestic & Foreign Car & truck

radiators • drums & rotors turned • We Make hydraulic hoses Bench test Starters & Alternators • Most Parts Same day Service

Open Mon-fri 7am-6pm, Sat 7am-2pm 1153 Main Street, Clinton 426-8402

Discover Maine 64

— Greater Kennebec Valley Region —

post office, Benton. item #115964 from the eastern illustrating & publishing Co. Collection and www.penobscotmarinemuseum.org

Check out our expanded menu!

St. Albans Mini Mart

SNOWMAN’S OIl & SOIl

Pizza, Hot & Cold Sandwiches and More

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David Rickett: Owner, Operator Homemade dough • daily specials Calzones • Hot & Cold subs salads • soups And More! Open at 11am Mon. - Sat. 117 Somerset Ave. • Pittsfield, ME

487-2500

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The Energy Company

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~ residential & Commercial ~ • Gas Appliances • heating Systems • lP Gas Bulk delivery • Sales & Service

487-6622 235 stinson street, Pittsfield

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— Greater Kennebec Valley Region —

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main Street, Hartland. item #101011 from the eastern illustrating & publishing Co. Collection and www.penobscotmarinemuseum.org Ashlee

Amos

& daughter Home & Camp Jacking & Leveling Sill Replacements Earthwork & Concrete Contractor Commercial & Residential Fully Insured St. Albans, ME

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is published nine times each year in regional issues that span the entire State of Maine. Each issue is distributed for pick up, free of charge, only in the region for which it is published. It is possible to enjoy Discover Maine year ‘round by having all nine issues mailed directly to your home or office. Mailings are done four times each year.

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Discover Maine 66

— Greater Kennebec Valley Region —

A Tale Of Two Teams Lawrence and Skowhegan High School girls of 1991 and 1912 by Aimee Lanteigne

the 1991 lawrence High School women’s basketball champions. Cindy Blodgett is in the front row, fourth from right, touching the gold ball. aimee lanteigne is in the front row, far right.

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(Continued on page 68)

oak Pond Millworks locally owned and operated By stephen P. dionne

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he doors to the gymnasium were locked at 5:30, a full hour and a half before the game was to begin. Every seat in the house was taken. It was standing room only. The air buzzed with anticipation. The entire town had come out to witness history in the making, their first-ever girls’ basketball team winning a state championship. If you guessed the 1991 Gold Ball Team from my alma mater, Lawrence High School, you’d be right. If you guessed the 1912 Skowhegan High School team, you’d also be right. The tale of two teams nearly eighty years removed has more in common than you might think. The teams represented small, central Maine mill towns, they won their school’s first ever girls’ basketball championship,

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— Greater Kennebec Valley Region —

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the 1912 Skowhegan girls basketball team champions. margaret Chase Smith is second from right. Collections of the margaret Chase Smith library; Courtesy of maine memory Network, online item #9819, used with permission.

Graf Mechanical 19 east street skowhegan, Me 04976

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Discover Maine 68

— Greater Kennebec Valley Region —

(Continued from page 66)

vacious freshman, was a Miss Margaret Chase. Margaret played right center. The rules that Miss Chase had to abide by in 1912, listed at the University of Wisconsin’s “Women’s’ Basketball” website, are hardly recognizable now. Many women’s teams across the country played by men’s rules, but just as many played by women’s rules, of which there were at least five different versions. In general, however, six players were on the court at one time. The court was divided into two zones. Only the centers could play both halves, but they were not allowed to shoot. Snatching or batting the ball was not allowed. Holding the ball for more than three seconds would result in a foul. Four fouls meant you were out of the game. You could only dribble three times before you had to pass or shoot, and the ball had to bounce kneehigh. Shots were two handed and counted for one point only. Women were also not allowed to enter the lane on free throw attempts. These rules were developed largely because early twentieth-century society believed that women could not with-

and they forged the dreams of two brighteyed young girls — stars in the making — who would steal the hearts of thousands and who would win the love and respect of their fellow Mainers. The world in 1912 was not the same as the world of 1991, and certainly a far cry from the world of today. The earth had not yet known a World War, women could not vote, and the Titanic sailed the high seas. It was in the midst of those halcyon days that a handful of young girls approached the school administration of a small, central Maine town about forming a competitive basketball team. Not only did those girls earn the honor of forming the first-ever girls’ basketball team at Skowhegan High School, they beat the boys to the punch. The young men of the community had not yet fielded a team by the time the ladies took the court by storm. The coach of that 1912 Skowhegan girls’ team was Miss Marion Stewart. One of the young charges on her team — a viSkowhegan’s Oldest business

Since 1865

stand the physical and emotional pressure inherent in competitive sports. Furthermore, it was a concern that jumping would be harmful to the female reproductive system. Is anyone else laughing with me? Coach Stewart and her 1912 team became the toast of the town. Dorothy Hamlin reported that the club traveled all over central Maine, playing teams from Madison, Rockland, Cony, Coburn, Farmington, Waterville, and Oakland, according to her March 1949 article in the Portland Sunday Telegram. Skowhegan held the best record in the state. The same can be said of Lawrence’s 1991 team. And we played all the same teams with the exception of Rockland and Coburn, the latter of which no longer existed as a school. Of Miss Chase, Coach Stewart noted she “played all over the lot (court)” and was a fast player who covered her position in unusual shape. I think Coach Bruce Cooper could say as much about his budding freshman star, Cindy Blodgett, in 1991. One notable difference between the

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The Kyes family invites you to enjoy our lodging and meeting facilities just one half mile from downtown Skowhegan, Maine, one half mile west of Route 201 on State Route 2. Come find out why people in the Skowhegan area and beyond recommend the Kyes Motel, and why our guests return year after year.

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— Greater Kennebec Valley Region —

two teams was that subs did not get to pose for the team photo in Margaret Chase’s day. Only the six “starters” smiled for the camera’s lens. Guess I wouldn’t have been in that picture! In the early 1900s, sports teams traveled by train and spent the night in the homes of their opponents, often forming lasting friendships. Even in 1991, our team traveled to the wild and woolies of Millinocket where we spent a weekend competing against teams from the Northern Maine wilderness, or so it seemed to us. No wonder these Stearns girls are so good, we thought to ourselves. There’s nothing else to do up there! One of the players on that early Skowhegan team found a lucky penny just before her first game. She carried it all through the season from town to town. Where the penny went, the team won. Upon graduation, the girl and her penny moved on, and shortly thereafter the Skowhegan team faced their first loss ever to Waterville on the road. The lucky penny was eventually presented to the

school to end the superstition. At Lawrence, however, superstition was our middle name. We never lost in our white uniforms all year, so Coach predicted victory from the start when we arrived at the Bangor Auditorium for the playoffs wearing our home uniforms. We all wore white scrunchies in our hair and the exact same pair of sneakers. One of us carried a little rosary to every game, and we’d always hit the lights and say the “Our Father” in the darkness of the locker room before bursting out onto the court. (What would our athletic director say if he knew we girls were praying down there? God forbid!) Miss Chase and Miss Blodgett played basketball all four years of their high school careers, racking up the championships each year they played. Miss Chase’s coach declared that Margaret also served as team manager, was a good sportswoman, a good athlete, and a persevering player with an even disposition who remained unruffled in times of crisis. Thank goodness Cindy kept her cool when we were down seven points with

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only four minutes left in that state championship game back in 1991. Upon graduating at age eighteen, Miss Margaret Chase would take over as coach of the Skowhegan girls’ basketball team starting in 1916. She was apparently very strict, but this led to countless victories for her squad. (I had a coach like that once, too.) When she was not coaching, she chaperoned the team, especially on their out-of-town jaunts. She helped officiate the games on the evenings she had to chaperone the girls, that is until one night in a game against Cony, she was removed from the floor with the explanation that she was “too close to the team” to be impartial. And of course, Lawrence’s sweetheart would go on to play in the WNBA and all over the globe before eventually landing back home as the head coach of the University of Maine women’s basketball team. It is comforting to know, though worlds apart, that the tale of these two teams is so similar — that young women in 1912 (Continued on page 70)

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weren’t so different from young women in 1991, or from young women today. They all benefited from the physical test, harkened to the thrill of victory, and cherished the memories of playing for a championship team before a proud hometown crowd. Hey, it’s true what they say: girls (of all eras) just want to have fun! Of course we know our heroine, Margaret, would go on to become Senator Margaret Chase Smith, Maine’s best-known and best-loved politician and the first woman to ever be nominated by a major political party for president of the United States. Who knows if the similarities between those Skowhegan and Lawrence teams will continue in the future, but, Cindy, wherever you are, if you decide to run for office… you’ve got my vote.  Resources: Hamlin, Dorothy. “Women In Sports.” Portland Sunday Telegram 26 Mar. 1949. Print. The Maine Memory Network, Maine’s Online Museum, a Project of the Maine Historical Society. Web. 18 June 2010. <http://www.mainememory.net>. Schultz, Jenny. “Women’s Basketball.” University of Wisconsin Oshkosh. Web. 16 June 2010. <http://www.uwosh.edu/archives/sports/wbasket.htm>. Wheelock, Helen. “WomensBasketballOnline: Women’s Basketball Timeline: 1900-29.” WomensBasketballOnline.Com. Women’s Basketball Online.com. Web. 16 June 2010. <http://www.womensbasketballonline.com/history/timeline1900_29.html>.

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Sebastian Rale: “i Pray My work will Save These Souls” Jesuit missionary directed the Abenaki mission on the Kennebec River by James Nalley

“

I pray my work will save these souls…” That is what Sebastian Rale had written in a letter to his brother in 1723. The Jesuit missionary was sent in 1694 into what is now Norridgewock, where he directed the Abenaki mission on the Kennebec River. An unwavering believer of the Roman Catholic religion and devoted Frenchman, his strong anti-English sentiment would eventually get him murdered. At the time of his death, the contrasting stories had claimed that he was either a martyr who sacrificed himself at the foot of a cross, or a “bloody incendiary” who the English claimed was shot while reloading his pistol. But whether it was for his religious teachings or questionable hostile actions, no one ever denied his tireless devotion. Born in Pontarlier, France, on January

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4, 1657, Sebastian Rale eventually studied in Dijon and joined the Society of Jesus at the age of 18. After teaching the Greek language and rhetoric, he volunteered to serve in the church’s missions in North America and joined an expedition led by Governor and General Louis de Buade de Frontenac of New France in 1689. Fascinated by the Abenaki language, he learned it fluently and admired it enough to begin writing an Abenaki-French Dictionary in 1691. By 1694 Rale was assigned to direct the Abenaki mission at Norridgewock, and devoted himself completely to teaching the Abenaki tribes about the Catholic religion in hopes of their future indoctrination. As written in a letter to his nephew from a collection in the Maine Historical Society: “As it is needful to control the imagination of

the savages, too easily distracted, I pass few working days without making them a short exhortation for the purpose of inspiring a horror of the vices to which their tendency is strongest, and for strengthening them in the practice of some virtue. My advice always shapes their resolutions.” Meanwhile, tension mounted between the territories of New France and New England and resulted in Queen Anne’s War (1702-1713), which was the second in a series of French and Indian Wars fought between France and England. Sensing the questionable loyalties of the Abenaki tribes, Massachusetts Governor Joseph Dudley arranged a meeting with tribal representatives in 1703 and proposed that they remain neutral. But his request was not heard in favorable conditions. Following years of poor treatment by Eng(Continued on page 72)

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(Continued from page 71)

lish border settlers who felt that Indians were “vicious and dangerous wild animals,” any request by the English was not trusted. The French, on the other hand, gained the trust and support of the tribes through its missions that included religious leaders such as Rale. By 1713 several treaties were drawn, such as the Treaty of Utrecht and the Treaty of Portsmouth, to provide some form of peace. But the boundaries remained contested, and the support from the Abenakis for the French was unwavering. In August 1717 Massachusetts Governor Samuel Shute (the successor of Governor Dudley) met with tribal representatives of Norridgewock and other Abenaki leaders in Georgetown, Maine, and kindly threatened that any continued collaboration with the French would bring them “utter ruin and destruction.” At the same time, Rale continued his preaching and the tribes became more violent toward the English by destroying property and killing cattle. As stated in a letter by

death of Father Sebastian rale of the Society of Jesus. Killed by the english and mohawks at Norridgewock, aug. 23, 1724 the Governor-General of New France Philippe de Rigaud Vaudreuil in 1720, “Father Rale continues to incite Indians of the mission (at Norridgewock) not to allow the English to spread over their lands.” Even when peace was considered by the tribal leaders, Rale stated, “Any treaty with the governor... is null and void if I do not approve it, for I give them so

many reasons against it that they absolutely condemn what they have done.” Angered by the thought of the possible peace treaty, Rale sent an urgent letter to Governor-General Vaudreuil asking for reinforcements. He promptly received 250 Abenaki warriors from Quebec. On July 28, 1721 the warriors, dressed in war paint and flying French flags,

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landed in Georgetown in 90 canoes. Included in the flotilla were Rale and the Superior of the Missions, Pierre de la Chasse, who delivered a letter to Governor Shute demanding that the English withdraw all of their settlers from Abenaki territory. A reply response was kindly requested within two months and any response other than a “yes” would be retaliated with burned houses and murdered occupants. The English, in retaliation, immediately boycotted the sales of gunpowder, ammunition, and vital food to the Abenakis. In January 1722, 300 soldiers under the leadership of Colonel Thomas Westbrook (the colonel in charge of Maine’s militia) raided Norridgewock with plans to capture Rale. But he was alerted to their presence and escaped into the forest. Found among the priest’s possessions, however, was his strongbox (which still exists today in the possession of the Maine Historical Society), with letters implicating Rale and how the French were urging local tribes to attack New England settlements. Accord-

ing to the Androscoggin Historical Society, Westbrook also surveyed the location and found an inscription on the outer door of Rale’s church that stated: Englishmen. I that am of Norridgewock have had thoughts that thou wil’t Come and Burn our Church and Our Father’s House to revenge thyself without cause for the houses I have burnt of thine. It was thou that didst force me to it, why didst thou build them upon my Land without my Consent. I have not yet burned any, but what was upon my land; Thou mayest burn it, because thou knowest that I am not there, such is thy Generosity, for if I were there, Assuredly thou shouldst not burn it., although thou shouldst Come with the number of many hundred Men. As revenge for the raid on Norridgewock, the tribe burned the town of Brunswick on June 13, 1722. Consequently, on July 22, as a result of the escalating conflict, Governor Shute officially declared war on the Abenaki. In January 1723 Shute left for England and left his Lieutenant Governor, William Dummer, in charge. The war with its number of

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skirmishes would eventually be known as “Dummer’s War” and lasted until 1725. On August 22, 1724 a force of approximately 200 soldiers led by Captains Jeremiah Moulton and Johnson Harmon, left Fort Richmond (now Richmond) with plans to assassinate Rale and destroy the entire settlement. The following day, the soldiers ambushed the village and killed 26 warriors, an Abenaki chief, and Rale, whose body was further mutilated and scalped. After the massacre, the village and church were burned down as a final act of revenge. When the fires died, 150 Abenaki survivors who had fled in the earlier ambush returned to the ruins and buried the dead. Afterwards, they packed up their belongings and left for Quebec. They never returned. As a fitting final resting place, Rale was buried beneath the altar where he had preached to all of his followers. In 1833 Benedict Joseph Fenwick (the Bishop of Boston), dedicated an 11-foot obelisk monument placed over his grave at what (Continued on page 74)

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is today St. Sebastian’s Cemetery at Old Point in Madison. As stated in John Francis Sprague’s book A Maine Tragedy of the Eighteenth Century: The world’s highway over which civilization has advanced has ever been marked by blood and has ever been the scene of carnage and suffering. It is always the strong against the weak, who are all unconscious participators in the eternal struggle of the fittest for supremacy. In all history no better illustration of this fact may be found than in the story of the Anglo-Saxon and the French pioneers in New England, Acadia and New France in North America Their brave endurance of hardship and privation, their fierce battle with the elements in a boundless wilderness, their continual war with savages, their constant conflict with each other,and the ultimate triumph of the Anglo-Saxon, read like the tales of romance. 

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— Greater Kennebec Valley Region —

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walking Through Railroading History in northwestern Maine Train lover has collected much memorabilia by Ian MacKinnon

lthough he never worked for a railroad and seldom traveled by train, Walter McDougall of Milo knows all about the railroad lines that once crisscrossed Piscataquis and Somerset counties. A science teacher at Penquis Valley High School in Milo for some 30 years, McDougall developed a passion for railroading in his youth, and started exploring abandoned railroad right-of-ways in Maine. He has walked many a mile, has acquired many a railroad artifact, and has created an extensive collection of railroading memorabilia. Railroading “is sort of in my blood,” McDougall said. His parents hailed from Russell, Massachusetts, where his maternal grandfather worked as a station agent and his father worked as a Boston & Albany Railroad section chief “when he was young.” The elder McDougall became a Congregational minister and was pastor of the First Congregational Church in Bingham for more than 30 years. That Kennebec River town

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“was the end of the Maine Central [RR] Somerset Branch,” Walter McDougall recalled. The standard-gauge MCRR, which owned the Kineo House on Moosehead Lake in the 1920s, would bring tourists to Bingham for transfer to the narrow-gauge Somerset Railroad. Plunging northwest through the thick Somerset County forest, that railroad reached a multiple-siding terminus at Rockwood. “The Depression helped kill tourism to Kineo,” and “the railroad to Rockwood stopped running about 1933, the year I was born,” McDougall said. The railroad pier still extends into Moosehead Lake next to the Rockwood boat ramp. After the Somerset Railroad closed, hauling lumber still “was the gravy” for the MCRR, and World War II spurred train activity along the upper Kennebec River, McDougall recalled. “We had a train a day, hauling to the big Quimby veneer mill. They made veneer for PT boats. There was a lot of mahogany hauled in and a lot of veneer hauled out.”

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While the trains still ran into Bingham, “when I was a boy, the engineers would let me climb into the cab to work the controls,” he said. “Sometimes they would even let you take the engine off the [round] table very gingerly. That was a grand chance.” Passenger trains had ceased running from Bingham years earlier. “The only passenger train I remember coming into Bingham was the train that brought in the German prisoners for the big prison camp up at Spencer Lake,” McDougall said. “I remember going down as a small boy and watching that train come in. The trucks came down and picked up the prisoners and hauled them off.” Throughout the 1960s the Maine Central Railroad abandoned various branches, including its Somerset Branch. Still fascinated with railroads, McDougall started exploring abandoned right-of-ways during his spare time. “I concentrated on the Somerset Railroad,” he said. “After they pulled up the track and ties, we drove it steadily because my father was a tremendous fisherman, and we fished all along the upper Kennebec. We drove that, the old railroad bed, as a way to get to fishing holes.” McDougall started collecting railroad items he found during his travels, whether along the Somerset Railroad, MCRR’s abandoned Somerset Branch, or abandoned Bangor & Aroostook Railroad branches in Piscataquis County. Track removal crews often tossed spikes aside; “wherever I went along the old right-of-ways, I picked up spikes,” he said. “The only smart thing I did was to tag them all. It’s amazing how spikes all look exactly the same. I think I (Continued on page 76)

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(Continued from page 75)

have a spike from almost every railroad in the state.” After acquiring a metal detector, he found spikes buried deep in old railroad beds. “Some early railroaders would build a timber trestle to cross a gully, and then they’d build a culvert from granite, even arch trestles,” McDougall said. “You see all this sort of stuff as you’re walking along an old right-ofway. You see the way the railroads had to be ditched to keep the water away from the tracks. You can see where granite was handdrilled to be dynamited in a quarry.” “Railroading is something that’s built into you,” said McDougall, explaining his passion. “When I was a kid, I would stand there at Bingham Heights or up on the Indian Pond stretch, and I would imagine the trains coming down through. They became part of this world that I never saw. It was a fascinating, exciting world that existed before I did.” His railroad collection includes model train stations. “When I got out of college, I began building all of these little train stations that had been along the Somerset [Railroad],” including the Bingham and Solon stations, McDougall said. “It was a wonderful thing for an apartment. It becomes a world where you can imagine all kinds of things going on.” In time, McDougall met Bangor & Aroost-

ook Railroad engineer Wayne Duplisea, a Hermon resident who shared McDougall’s abiding love for railroading. Duplisea supplied McDougall with locomotive and car parts salvaged from scrapped equipment. McDougall’s collection includes a hydrostatic lubricator and a steam locomotive injector from the B&A. McDougall gradually expanded his railroading collection. Explaining that “railroad gauge is measured by the weight of a yard of rail,” he displays pieces of 45- and 100-pound rail; he also possesses a short section of 65pound rail, which he believes “is a piece of original rail from the curve going into the bridge at Norridgewock.” McDougall displays “a piece of the Gulf Stream Trestle,” which stood 110 feet high and spanned a ravine “about eight miles north of Bingham.” The trestle remained standing many years after the Somerset Railroad failed. “The trestle itself had a spider-web look to it,” he said. “It didn’t look all that strong. I’ve seen a picture of probably a dozen fully loaded log trucks on that trestle at one time. Log trucks drove across it in the winter before they finally tore it down.” McDougall acquired many railroad tools, including tampers and a large spike puller. “These are all section tools” donated by railroad workers he has known over the years,

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McDougall said. He developed friendships with many railroaders, from section hands to engineers. “When I first came to Milo to teach, they were still running steam [locomotives] on the CP (Canadian Pacific),” McDougall said. “I had several close friends who were engineers, and they would take me up to Megantic (Quebec) and down to McAdam (New Brunswick). “I slept over in the bunkhouse. It gives you sort of a romantic view of railroading that you wouldn’t have if you had to do it every day,” he said. “They were good men, and they were kind to let me do that.” While teaching in Milo, he learned that “this was a big railroading area. There were a lot of jobs. Some of my students dropped out of high school, joined the railroad, and made more money than I did as a teacher. I wondered sometimes about working for a railroad. “I have a tremendous respect for railroad men. I think they had a tremendous amount of skill and a tremendous amount of brain power,” McDougall said. 

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Camp Spencer North woods POW camp used prisoners for lumber production by Erick T. Gatcomb Maine’s woods have always been shrouded in mystery and legend. From Native American accounts of supernatural happenings to modern sightings of Bigfoot, the dark northern forest has spawned incredible tales for millennia. Usually they are unbelievable and discredited by the general population. Nonetheless, sometimes they are true. During World War II, some 400,000 German prisoners of war were sent back to the United States to be held in various POW camps across the country. There were at least eleven of these facilities in New England, which no doubt housed a large population of the captured Germans. Many people are familiar with Camp Houlton, the largest Maine POW camp which, at its peak, had 3,700 prisoners within its confines, but the smaller camps tend to be lesser known. Some are even reduced to the status of being tall tales or unfounded rumors. For many years, Camp Spencer held this unfortunate standing.

Located near Jackman, Maine, Camp Spencer housed roughly 250-300 German prisoners from 1944 to 1946. Situated on only one and a half acres, the camp consisted of 22 insulated buildings, several of which were large, dormitory-style structures. Five barracks measuring 20 feet by 100 feet were set up with double bunks. The mess hall measured 140 feet by 20 feet and would comfortably seat the 250 prisoners. Cooking was done on three ranges, and there was an electric refrigeration-equipped store room on one side of the building. A barricade of barbed wire contained the stockade, mess hall, barracks, wash house and a building that housed a post exchange and workshop and served as the chapel. A medical facility was set up with beds, a store room, a doctor’s office and a surgery. Outside the barricade, four large sentry towers stood at each corner of the camp, equipped with large spotlights and 30caliber machine guns.

On July 10, 1944 the Waterville Morning Sentinel ran a story which described the German prisoners arriving by train at Bingham station at 3:00 in the morning amidst a convoy of U.S. Army trucks and onlookers, “young men ranging from 18 to 27 years of age, blonde and blue eyed” and having “W.P.” marked on the backs of their jackets and shirts. They were loaded into Hollingsworth and Whitney Company trucks and departed at daybreak in the company of U.S. Army vehicles, bound for northern Maine. The war brought an increased demand for paper and the pulp wood needed to manufacture it. Due to the large number of men fighting overseas, Maine faced a labor shortage, especially in the northern woods, and these German prisoners of war were seen as a temporary solution to the shortage. The land surrounding Camp Spencer was owned by Hollingsworth and Whitney Company, which (Continued on page 78)

Street view, Jackman. item #107183 from the eastern illustrating & publishing Co. Collection and www.penobscotmarinemuseum.org

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— Greater Kennebec Valley Region —

ran a large lumber operation out of Winslow and Madison. The prisoners cut pulp wood which went through a series of waterways before reaching its final destination. As detailed in the Waterville Morning Sentinel, “the pulp wood cut on this operation will be driven down Spencer Lake, through Little Spencer Stream and Dead River, and down the Kennebec River, boomed across the 14 miles of Wyman Lake, sluiced at Wyman dam and then driven down the Kennebec” to the Hollingsworth and Whitney Company mills. It is generally agreed upon that German prisoners were treated well in the Maine camps. Able to earn money (80 cents per day) and fed well (one former POW raved about the baked beans and biscuits served at Camp Spencer), many of these Germans were impressed with the hospitality that they received. (It’s interesting to note that several former prisoners decided to settle in Maine after the war ended, one eventually buying a camp right on Spencer Lake as a summer retreat.) The remote location and harsh winters were generally a deterrent against escape, but there were the occasional attempts. Several retired soldiers who were stationed at Camp Spencer have told stories of Germans escap-

M ouNtAIN C ouNtRy

s uPERMARkEt A ShurFine Store open 7 days A Week Atm & FAx Services Full line of groceries, KORi’S KAP Spirits & Sundries 668-4004 207-668-5451

Bakery - Deli And More!

554 Main Street, Jackman, Maine Do you have a great idea for a story in Discover Maine? Just contact our office with the details and we’ll put our writers to work pronto! Email us: info@discovermainemagazine.com Write to us: 10 Exchange Street, Suite 208 Portland, Maine 04101

ing, only to wander back to camp seeking a warm meal and shelter from the hostile Maine wilderness. One Heinz Jacob had attempted escape twice before at other camps. He made his third attempt at Camp Spencer and was intercepted by border patrol within a day’s time. There is no record of any successful escape from Camp Spencer. The camp was closed in 1946. Covered by 60-plus years of forest debris, the camp is barely recognizable today. A few foundations remain and various relics litter the site. If you stroll around the woods, you can still see old stoves, barrels and remnants of buildings — mostly rotting shingles and steel doors. Off the beaten path is a small stream, the banks constructed of landfill. Notable objects include old medicine bottles, empty Carling Black Label beer cans, mountains of rusty wire, Prince Albert tobacco tins and cans which once housed non-perishable food. After the Army packed up, sportsmen would occasionally use the barracks as hunting camps until they were completely removed years later. Very few people were even familiar with Camp Spencer while it was in operation, and after its closure it was almost entirely

forgotten. That all changed in 2005 when Debbie Achey and her Forest Hills School 8th grade class did an excavation of the site, uncovering shoes and other artifacts which were donated to the Jackman Historical Society. Disappointed that such an important historical site went unrecognized for generations, the group worked with Elias Monuments of Madison and the town of West Forks to have a granite monument put in place. Exactly 12 miles down an unpaved logging road (Spencer Rd.), located in front of an old brick oven, the monument sits proudly as a reminder of the camp and the students’ efforts to shed light on it. 

Other businesses from this area are featured in the color section.

the Gateway to the maine Woods Bingham Moscow Solon Caratunk The Forks West Forks

its 84 & 87

Jean paul Carrier

accommodations & Restaurants

lOGGING CONTRACTOR

207-672-4100

207-668-4457

www.upperkennebecvalleychamber.com ukvcofc@yahoo.com Upper Kennebec Valley Chamber of Commerce

PO BOx 489 • JACKMAN, ME 04945 Email: j6carrier@myfairpoint.net

long pond Camps & guide service new, Full Housekeeping Cabins on Long Pond.

Hiking, Boating, Fishing, Biking, Rafting Pets Welcomed - Tent Sites Free Canoe, Paddleboat & kayak Use with Camp Rental $30/night pp • kids ½ Price

OPEn yEAR ROUnd

12 Loop Road, Route 15 Jackman, Maine 04945

207-668-4872 longpondcamps.com

Four Seasons Vacationland Atving • Mountain Biking • Canoeing Whitewater rafting • hiking Fishing • Snowmobiling

the Jackman-Moose River chamber of commerce P.O. Box 368 DM • Jackman, Maine 04945 info@jackmanmaine.org

www.jackmanmaine.org (207) 668-4171 • 1-888-633-5225

— Greater Kennebec Valley Region —

Directory of Advertisers Business

Page

American Lung Assocation . . . . . . . .7 A to Z Picture Framing . . . . . . . . . . .66 A. Maurais and Son . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22 A.E. Hodsdon Engineers . . . . . . . . .54 A.P. Lawrence & Daughter . . . . . . . .65 ABT Plumbing Heating & Cooling .41 ADA Fence Co. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46 Advance 1 Cleaning Service . . . . . . .55 Albert’s Plowing & Lawncare . . . . . .17 AL’S Certified Auto Repair . . . . . . . .35 Animal House Pet Supplies . . . . . . . .63 Appearances In Hair . . . . . . . . . . . . .55 Arbor Technologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53 At Home Electric . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60 Augusta Civic Center . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 Augusta Country Club . . . . . . . . . . . .32 Augusta Seafood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 Axell’s Scandinavian Inn . . . . . . . . . .36 B & F Fresh Vegetables . . . . . . . . . . .57 B&B Septic Tank Service . . . . . . . . . .4 B&D Well Drilling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63 B. Lamarre Carpentry . . . . . . . . . . . .74 Ballard Meats and Seafood . . . . . . . .38 Bean & Sons Pumps & Septic Services .35 Belgrade Performance & Repairs . . .59 Bellevance Construction Co., Inc. . . .59 Bellevance Jacking Co., LLC . . . . . . .59 Bennett’s Custom Carpentry . . . . . . .64 Benton Family Fun Park . . . . . . . . . .46 Bill Allen Land Services . . . . . . . . . .24 Blanchet Builders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68 Blanchette Moving & Storage . . . . . . .6 Bliss Septic Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . .70 Bloom & Bloom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48 Bob’s Cash Fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .73 Bond Brook Pancake House . . . . . . .19 Boy Locksmith . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55 Brothers Transportation Service . . . .33 Browns Construction & Sons . . . . . .27 Bruce A. Manzer Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . .49 B’s Home Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60 Buddies Meats & Groceries . . . . . . .58 Buen Apetito Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55 Butcher’s Choice Restaurant . . . . . . .61 C & C Spray Foam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42 Camper Town . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 Canty Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 Cape Hill Carpentry . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 Capilo Institute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 Captain Lewis Residence . . . . . . . . . .30 Central Maine Endoscopy Center . . .45 Central Maine Pyrotechnics . . . . . . .34 Central Maine Septic . . . . . . . . . . . . .71 CH Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 Chase Toys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 Chateau Cushnoc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 China Area Wash & Dry . . . . . . . . . .14 CMC Technology Group . . . . . . . . .32 Cobb’s Pierce Pond Camps . . . . . . . .49 Coldwell Banker/Thomas Agency . .10 Computer Improvements . . . . . . . . .70 Countryside Concrete . . . . . . . . . . . .29 Cranberry Harbor Naturals . . . . . . . .57

Business

Page

CT’s Outside Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . .62 D.H. Pinnette & Sons, Inc. . . . . . . . . .5 D.P. Welding & Fabrication Inc. . . . .75 D.R. Salisbury Foundations . . . . . . . .50 DAC Distributers, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . .63 Damon’s Beverage Mart . . . . . . . . . .15 Damon’s Pizza & Italians . . . . . . . . .17 David F. Bowden Foundations . . . . .64 David Stevens Excavation & Septic .44 Davis Dirt Works & Excavation . . . .23 DB Industries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 Debra Achramowicz CPA . . . . . . . . .42 DeCato Builders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47 Denis Frigon Logging . . . . . . . . . . . .51 Don’s Chimney Care & Stove Shop .40 Don’s Seasonal Service . . . . . . . . . . .71 Double D Truck & Auto Repair . . . .23 Dube Environmental Inc. . . . . . . . . .38 Dunkin Donuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67 Dunn & Pakulski . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .70 Dun-Wright Lawn Care . . . . . . . . . . .29 Dyers Soda Blasting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 E.H. Ward & Son . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .73 E.J. Carrier Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .78 E.W. Moore & Son Pharmacy . . . . . .76 Ed Bouchard Electric . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 Ed Hodson Masonry . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 Enterprise Farms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 Eric’s Restaurant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43 Evergreen Self Storage . . . . . . . . . . .66 Expert Tire Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 Fairfield Antiques Mall . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Fairfield Drafting & Construction . .62 Family Pet Connection & Grooming . .71 Fine Line Paving & Grading . . . . . . .48 Finish Line Construction . . . . . . . . .48 Finish Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22 Fleet Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 Floormaster North . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47 Four Winds Too Lobster Co. . . . . . .39 Fox Small Engines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 Franklin Savings Bank . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 Freddies Service Center . . . . . . . . . . .23 G&D Auto Repair & Sales . . . . . . . .54 Galeyrie Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 Gallant Funeral Home Inc. . . . . . . . .54 George’s Restaurant . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56 Gerald Vermette, DDS . . . . . . . . . . .72 Goggins IGA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 Graf Mechanical Service Inc. . . . . . .67 Group Adams Propane Service . . . .21 Grover Woodworking . . . . . . . . . . . .40 Half Moon Gardens . . . . . . . . . . . . .42 Hammond Lumber . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44 Healthy Maine Partnership . . . . . . . .55 Hearth & Home Realty . . . . . . . . . . .73 Heritage House . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67 Hight Dealership . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .69 Hillside Homes, LLC . . . . . . . . . . . . .40 Hilltop Store . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 Homes & More Builders . . . . . . . . . .48 Hotham Concrete . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57 Houle’s Plumbing & Air Conditioning . .42

Business

Page

Hoyt Chiropractic Center . . . . . . . . .10 Hussey’s General Store . . . . . . . . . . .14 Hydraulic Hose & Assembly . . . . . . . .5 Insulation Solutions Inc . . . . . . . . . .44 Jackman Power Sports . . . . . . . . . . . .50 Jackman-Moose River Chamber . . . .78 Jason Stevens Excavation . . . . . . . . .59 Jewett Builders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 Jimmy’s Market . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76 Joe Curran Building . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 John Becker Carpenter . . . . . . . . . . .18 John Castonguay Logging & Trucking .39 John Marvin Tower . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 Johnson Hall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 JT’s Finest Kind Saw . . . . . . . . . . . . .74 K.V. Tax Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 Kasie-Jo Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38 Katie Q Convenience . . . . . . . . . . . .67 KD Welding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 Kennebec Guns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 Kennebec Lawn Care . . . . . . . . . . . .13 Kennebec Montessori School . . . . . .46 Kennebec Savings Bank . . . . . . . . . .78 Kennebec Valley Chamber . . . . . . . .19 Kim’s Garage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56 Klassic Klunkers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 Knowlton Hewins Roberts . . . . . . . .34 Kramers Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 KSW Federal Credit Union . . . . . . . .54 Kyes Motel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68 L.N. Violette Co. Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . .61 Ladd’s Plumbing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 Lamoreau Improvements Inc. . . . . . .25 Lamoureux Floor Sanding . . . . . . . . . .4 Lance’s Auto Service . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 Lavallee’s Garage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76 Legacy Home Improvements . . . . . .31 Linkletter & Sons, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . .65 Litchfield Country Store . . . . . . . . . . .8 Loads of Fun . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 Long Pond Camps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .78 Lovewell Logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 Luces Maine-Grown Meats . . . . . . . .49 Macomber, Farr & Whitten . . . . . . .16 Mac’s True Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 Madison Automotive & Recreation .73 Maine Historical Society . . . . . . . . . . .4 Maine Maids Housekeeping . . . . . . .72 Maine Maple Products Inc. . . . . . . . .73 Maine State Credit Union . . . . . . . . .36 Mama Bear’s Den . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50 Maranacook Masonry . . . . . . . . . . . .39 Marco Grimaldi Concrete Floors . . . .6 Maroon Insurance Agency . . . . . . . .54 Maurice & Son Auto Body . . . . . . . .62 Maynard’s in Maine . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51 McCormack Building Supply . . . . . .58 McVety’s Hearth & Home . . . . . . . . .36 Merle Lloyd & Sons . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75 Mid Maine Chamber of Commerce .43 Mid Maine Self Storage . . . . . . . . . . . .8 Mid State Gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .64 Mid-Maine Equine & Therapeutics .39

Business

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Mid-Maine Marine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44 Mike Wainer Plumbing & Heating . .44 Milestone Communications . . . . . . .33 Mitchell’s Roofing & Sheet Metal . . .24 Mountain Country Supermarket . . . .78 Natanis Golf Course . . . . . . . . . . . . .42 Neighborhood Redemption . . . . . . .17 New England Denture Centers . . . .37 Nitram Excavation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62 North Bay Estates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59 North Country Variety . . . . . . . . . . .76 Northeast Laboratory Services . . . . .54 Oak Pond Millworks . . . . . . . . . . . . .66 On the Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74 Pagett Farm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31 Pattersons General Store . . . . . . . . . .63 Paul Hanna’s Plumbing . . . . . . . . . . .58 Paul Mushero & Sons . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 Penobscot Marine Museum . . . . . . .52 Peppers Garden & Grill . . . . . . . . . . .9 Phil Carter’s Garage . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63 Pine Tree Fence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 Pine Tree Orthopedic & Foot Care .41 Pine View Homes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 Pinkham’s Elm Street Market . . . . . .75 Pittsfield Village Pizzeria . . . . . . . . . .64 Poor Bob’s Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56 Poulin-Turner Union Hall . . . . . . . . .61 Pro-Menders Body Shop . . . . . . . . . .28 Proseal Asphalt Repair . . . . . . . . . . .43 Quinn Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68 R.F. Automotive Repair . . . . . . . . . . .70 R.J. Energy Services, Inc. . . . . . . . . . .15 Randy’s Full Service Auto Repair . . .47 Ray’s Auto Repair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59 Redington Fairview General Hospital . .47 Remedy Salon & Spa . . . . . . . . . . . . .45 Richard Gibbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39 Richard Sand & Gravel . . . . . . . . . . .27 Rick’s Garage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49 Ridge Road Landscaping . . . . . . . . . . .8 Riverbend Campground . . . . . . . . . . .9 Riverfront Barbeque & Grill . . . . . . .34 Rockwood Excavation . . . . . . . . . . . .51 Rocky’s Stove Shoppe . . . . . . . . . . . .38 Rodney Ellis Jr. Construction . . . . . .39 Rolfe’s Well Drilling Co. . . . . . . . . . .30 Rowells Auto Sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 Russell’s Gems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 S&M Radiator King . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 Sackett & Brake Survey, Inc. . . . . . . .72 Salem Stoneworks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40 Santos Custom Builders . . . . . . . . . . .4 Scott-N-Scotties Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . .58 Second Wind Farm . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31 Senator Inn & Spa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .78 Set Rental . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 Shamrock Stoneworks . . . . . . . . . . . .40 Shaw’s Auto Salvage . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 Short Circuit Electrical . . . . . . . . . . .71 Silver Fox Stamps & More . . . . . . . .57 Skowhegan Chamber of Commerce . .72 Skowhegan Driving School . . . . . . . . .5

Discover Maine Business

Page

Skowhegan Equipment & Tool . . . . .70 Smart & Edwards Funeral Home . . .66 Snowman’s Oil & Soil . . . . . . . . . . . .64 Solon Corner Market . . . . . . . . . . . . .76 Solon Superette . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51 Somerset Home Improvements . . . .75 Somerset Humane Society . . . . . . . .66 Sonny’s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61 Sprague & Curtis Real Estate . . . . . .31 St. Alban’s Mini Mart . . . . . . . . . . . . .64 Stamp-N-Scrap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 Stanley’s Septic Service . . . . . . . . . . .61 Steve Thomas Builders . . . . . . . . . . .20 Stevens Electric & Pump Service . . . .9 Stevens Forest Products . . . . . . . . . .22 Sully’s Restaurant & Tavern . . . . . . . .28 Sun Auto & Salvage . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74 Sunco Pump & Well Drilling Inc. . . .27 Sundown Cabins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50 T&B Transmission Service . . . . . . . .12 Taylor’s Drug Store . . . . . . . . . . . . . .73 Temple Well Drilling . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 The Bankery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66 The Birches Family Campground . . .26 The Cabins at China Lake . . . . . . . . .31 The Mailing Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 The Meadows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 The Shop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50 Tom’s Building & Remodeling . . . . .29 Town of Gardiner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 Tri-State Staffing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 Trussell’s Auto Repair . . . . . . . . . . . .12 Tubby’s Ice Cream . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28 United Way of Mid Maine . . . . . . . .55 Upper Kennebec Valley Chamber . .78 Upper Pond Stables . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 Val Shell’s Pawn Shop . . . . . . . . . . . .56 Varney Chevrolet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46 Vienna Garage Doors . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 Visage Salon & Dayspa . . . . . . . . . . .17 Warren Bros. Construction . . . . . . . .74 Waterman Farm Machinery . . . . . . .26 Webber Welding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60 Webster’s Mini Excavation . . . . . . . .20 Weeks & Sons Drilling . . . . . . . . . . .58 Wendall’s Lawn Care . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 White & Bradstreet Inc. . . . . . . . . . .15 Whites Auto . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 Whitewater Farm Market . . . . . . . . .74 Whitney Building . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43 Wingate Landscape Co. . . . . . . . . . . .12 Winslow Aluminum . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57 Winthrop Area Chamber of Commerce .28 Winthrop Area Federal Credit Union . .28 Wish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .70 Wood Mizer of Maine . . . . . . . . . . . .20 Woodlawn Rehab & Nursing Center . . .48 Yankee Trophy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46 Your Maine Stamper . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

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Greater Kennebec Valley Region

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