INDUSTRIAL SAFETY REVIEW - MAY 2019 by Divya Media Publications Pvt. Ltd.

Publisher Shilpa Vinayak Kadam Editor Rajeev lyer

CEO CORNER

CEO Shekhar Dongre Assistant Editor Shweta Nanda

FIRE| SAFETY | SECURITY Industry: Technology is the future

Marketing Team Ladoji Pendurkar, Amol Powle, Bhavin Shah, Kamlesh Balkrishna, Bharat Shah, Vinod Surve, Kavita Chaudhari Digital Marketing Kailash P. Designer & Layout Arun P. Shinde, Nandan S. Moghe, Dinesh S. Gawade Online Division Ganesh Mahale Circulation Executive Satish Kadam, Amol Ranshur Legal Advisor Advocate Vijay S. Jadhav Branch Offices (Zonal) NORTH (Delhi & NCR regions) Sandesh Jain : 09810837877 / 09871602777 SOUTH (Chennai & Coimbatore) Y. V. Raghu : 09566141224 Bangalore E Vikram : 09591488434 Vaman : 09686721340 Hyderabad E Vikram : 09591488434 Kochi Sanjeev Nair : 09846249568 EAST (Kolkata & Eastern regions) Kamlesh : 09819464242 WEST (Maharashtra & Gujarat) Pune Shilpa K : 09833373371 Nashik Abhijit B. Joshi : 09890002333 Rajkot (Saurashtra) Swapnil Bhatia: 09227909005

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INDUSTRIAL SAFETY REVIEW | MAY 2019

Fire protection systems are integral to overcome safety challenges occurred due to fire that struck without warning in the most unlikely of places, presenting a significant threat to the livelihood. Even a small blaze in a piece of equipment or machinery can severely impact operations in a building. Installation of fire protection systems helps ensure consistency in inspections and continuity in a comprehensive fire prevention program. Market Research Future (MRFR), in its recently published study report, asserts that the global market of fire protection systems is forecasted to perceive the valuation of USD 95 Bn. by 2023 registering a CAGR of 8% during the forecast period (2017 - 2023). Technological advancements in the field of automation including smart and connected devices and the growing penetration of Internet of Things (IoT) are fostering the market growth. Deploying fire protection systems designed with the reconfiguration can help fireproof warehouses. These fire systems not only respond to an emergency but also mitigate the risk, preventing the fire event from occurring. This makes economic sense for organizations of any size as they mitigate the loss of housing stock and business revenue, but it also prevents injury and the psychological trauma that go along with the fire experience for the people. As far as security industry is concern, emerging technologies are already impacting how we live and work. Theyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;re also changing how we approach, plan, and integrate security operations. With the advent of artificial intelligence, robotics, quantum computing, the Internet of Things, augmented reality, materials science, 3-D printing, and data analytics, the security industry is being transformed. Certainly, we are living in an era where innovation, agility and imagination are all essential in order to keep pace with the exponential technological transformation taking place. For security, both physical and cyber, the equation is the same catalyzing many new potential applications for emerging technologies. Future of FIRE | SAFETY | Security industry riding on technology wave and has certainly witnessing adoption of innovative technologies which will drive these industries to brighter horizon.

CEO

MAY 2019

CONTENT

COVER STORY

Fire | Safety | Security The FUTURE ahead...

SECURITY INDUSTRY BUSINESS NEWS

TECH TRENDS

22 Hikvision evangelizes AI

applications & security innovations in Secutech India Expo, wins big at SECONA Shield Awards

Surveillance cameras for stable video under any circumstances & enhanced security functionality

30 SAFETY INDUSTRY

FIRE INDUSTRY

64 8

INDUSTRIAL SAFETY REVIEW | MAY 2019

Editorial Board

Editorial Index A ADOR WELDING

AMBETRONICS

AVIANS

AXIS COMMUNICATIONS

C Mr. Farooq Abdullah Managing Partner, Marvel Gloves Industries

Mr. Harsha Joshi CEO, Prolite Autoglo Limited

Mr. Deepak Kapoor Managing Director, FAAC India Pvt.Ltd.

CHALMIT

G GETAC

H HIKVISION

L LIBERTY SHOES

M Mr. T. P. Singh Director - S&M, FLIR Systems India Pvt. Ltd.

Mr. Nishith Dand Director, Sure Safety India Pvt. Ltd.

Mr. Hariom Sharma Director-Sales & Marketing, Solus Security Systems Pvt. Ltd.

MARVEL GLOVES

MATRIX

P PROLITE AUTOGLO

R R. STAHL

S SAFESTART

SAFETY AND HEALTH INFORMATION Mr. Rohit Harjani, Country Manager, Indian Sub Continent, Hochiki Europe (UK) Ltd. â&#x20AC;&#x201C; India Branch Office

Mr. Johnson Mathew Vice President Fire Products Gunnebo India Pvt. Ltd.

Mr. P.K. Balasubbramaniian President, VBS Corporate Support

BUREAU

SCHMERSAL

Z ZKTECO

Contact : For editorial contribution E-mail: shweta@divyamediaonline.com For advertising material E-mail: advt@divyamediaonline.com

Mr. Kiron Kunte Director, Norik Konsult

Mr. R. R. Nair Director, Safety & Health Information Bureau

INDUSTRIAL SAFETY REVIEW | MAY 2019

Mr. Jiten Mohapatra General Manager - India Zkteco Biometrics India Pvt. Ltd.

For accounts E-mail: accounts@divyamediaonline.com For online advertising E-mail: ganesh@divyamediaonline.com

COVER STORY

Fire | Safety | Security : The Future Ahead

ntil recently, fire and safety was something that was placed on the back-burner for many organizations. Most of the time was spent on mitigating risks after an accident had occurred rather than detecting or preventing them. In the past decade, however, there has been a huge shift towards how safety is viewed within enterprises. Many enterprises today are adopting a prevention-based approach and laying emphasis on identifying and addressing issues before someone gets hurt.

INDUSTRIAL SAFETY REVIEW | MAY 2019

In fact, fire and safety preparedness of a company is now being related to its brand image. Further, business continuity and an always-on environment are a requirement for todayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s businesses. As fire and safety incidents are major business disruptors, companies are taking proactive approach towards addressing safety issues. Being complaint to international standards is another reason that is driving this change in approach towards security. More and more companies are

focusing on employee training and education by organizing fire and safety workshops for employees, including contractual workers. Apart from fire and safety, organizations are also putting immense thrust on physical plant and facility security. They are actively evaluating advanced products and technologies to meet their safety criteria and objectives. Indiaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s economic growth, rapid industrialization, as well as growing commercial sector and real estate industry is further fuelling the demand www.isrmag.com

COVER STORY

Sophisticated fire detection systems on the rise

for fire and safety equipment. According to the findings of TechSci Research, the country’s fire & safety equipment market has a strong growth potential and market revenues are expected to reach to about $4.94 billion by 2019. To keep pace with the growing demand, the fire, safety and security industry is evolving rapidly and offering innovative products. Industrial Safety Review analyses the key trends and innovations emerging in the fire, safety and security segment and the future growth prospects. www.isrmag.com

Fire poses a significant risk in the workplace. Especially, when we consider work environments, such as construction sites, chemical laboratories and factories, the potential fire safety hazards are many. If we look at the statistics an average of 59 Indians are killed every day due to fire. In fact, fire accidents take away more lives than any natural calamity or disasters. Given these alarming statistics, workplaces have increased their thrust on fire preparedness and are considering advanced fire detection and alarm systems. Fire equipment with ease of use features are also being demanded by organizations. Advanced fire alarms today are equipped with individual smoke detector sensitivity adjustment and drift compensation. Fire alarms with maintenance-needed indication feature are also gaining popularity. Many products coming to the market today are equipped with multiple abilities. They just don’t detect smoke, but also have the ability to detect heat, carbon monoxide and infrared light from flames as well. These features help reduce the possibility of nuisance alarms as more than one criteria needs to be fulfilled to trigger an alarm and shorten the time required to detect the actual fire. Wireless technology is transforming every industry and fire safety industry is no different. Wireless smoke detector systems are rapidly gaining popularity. Another technology that is seeing a surge in demand is voice annunciation as it allows danger to be announced with a pre-recorded message. Voice alert systems are set to become more popular as people have an increased reaction to voice instructions as compared to simple sirens. With integrated building systems gaining momentum in residential and commercial complexes alike, the industry is looking at defining the rules as to how fire alarms and detection

components will work when they are integrated with other building systems. For instance, if there is heavy traffic on the LAN, the system should be able to identify and give priority to fire alarm signals. Also, the role of fire alarms and detection components is set to expand as they become integrated with other building systems. For instance, sensors used for controlling lighting in a room can be used in cases of fire to see if a room is occupied or not. Firefighters can then use this information to rescue in a speedy manner by eliminating unoccupied room.

Latest technology trends transforming workplace safety Workplace safety is witnessing a huge shift with the wide-spread use of mobile phones and smart technology. As majority of workers carry their mobile phones to work today, organizations are focusing on utilizing mobile phones to oversee the safety of the employees. Another interesting trend to watch out in the safety space is smart technology making its way into PPE. For years, PPE has consisted of overalls, gloves, masks, harnesses, etc., on which workers rely to ensure safety. Smart technology integrated into PPE has the potential to take workplace safety to another level. Utilizing in-built sensors, PPE equipment can monitor an employee’s vital data, including blood pressure, heart rate, blood oxygen levels and so on. This data can then be used to determine an employee’s alertness and can prove instrumental in preventing workplace accidents. Big data analytics is a major trend that is streamlining every industry and safety industry is no different. Compiling and analysing safety, accident and incident reports and information about machines and equipment involved can help companies identify red flag issues. Analyzing this historical data gives companies a fair idea about where danger lurks in an organization and MAY 2019 | INDUSTRIAL SAFETY REVIEW

COVER STORY

take steps to prevent future incidents. Technology revolution is also impacting the traditional signage. Today, there is digital â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;smartâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; signage that can change with changing conditions, and provide more eyecatching alerts for employees. In the future, augmented reality will also be used to enhance workplace safety. For instance, wearable goggles may be embedded with AR technology. This will help to give employees live feedback, such as temperature readings, as well as instructions with best practices.

AI, deep learning revolutionizing security surveillance Since the past few years, businesses have been putting cybersecurity at the forefront. And rightly so, as the consequence of any attack on an organization is devastating. However, organizations are now realizing that physical security cannot be ignored, in fact, one cannot be achieved without the other. Video surveillance, which is often considered as the first step to physical security, is witnessing some interesting technological transformation. AI, deep learning and smart face recognition are revolutionizing video surveillance. As AI continues to become more common and powerful, it has

INDUSTRIAL SAFETY REVIEW | MAY 2019

changed the picture completely through real-time monitoring of the video footage. It provides intelligent analysis on how security incidents can possibly take place and how can they be prevented. We have several AI solutions in the market today that can detect unattended objects like bags in airports and public spaces, enabling security agencies to take prompt action. Likewise, AI-enabled surveillance solutions can monitor people moving around in retail stores and identify who might engage in theft. AI promises that no detail, no information, and certainly no threat goes undetected on account of human error. Currently, AI is mostly used for video analytics, but the technology will be an important component in many different applications and products in the future. Mobility and Cloud are the other two technology trends that becoming popular. More and more enterprise applications are moving to the cloud eliminating customer-premise hardware, servers and software. Video analytics is also in vogue as extracting information from captured video can help uncover unique insights and patterns. Cameras with embedded video analytics will also see surge in demand as data no longer needs to be transmitted to a central server. These

cameras can detect motion, face and object and analyze image data at the point of capture, enabling efficient use of both transmission and recording bandwidth. Additionally, data can be anonymised and encrypted before it is transferred, addressing security and privacy concerns. Using analytics, cameras can also be set to record video at a lower resolution and then increase resolution to capture higher-quality video when triggered by an event. Video analytics can also help organizations achieve their sustainability goals as it can serve as an operational planning tool, enabling organisations to improve energy efficiency within offices. Smart sensors can be used to deliver environmental benefits, such as monitoring air quality for remedial action. Similarly, thermal imaging can be used identify areas of energy waste. As research continues to intensify, we will continue to see several application areas of these technologies coming to the fore. Fire, safe and security is definitely buzzing with innovation riding on the back of latest technologies and growing demand. The outlook for the industry remains extremely positive as enterprises continue to realize that fire and safety is an investment rather than cost. www.isrmag.com

BUSINESS UPDATE

SECURITY INDUSTRY

Hikvision evangelizes AI applications & security innovations in Secutech India Expo, wins big at SECONA Shield Awards Hikvision, the world’s largest provider of IoT solutions, successfully launched and showcased their latest technology and signature products during Secutech India. The special AI Applications and AI Cloud demo zone created the maximum interest among the security professionals and visitors. The latest SECONA Shield award wins in the six categories reflects Hikvision’s excellence in innovation and their value proposition to offer vertical solutions for E- Commerce Logistics Retail, Education, Hospitals and Religious Premises. Hikvision unveiled new technologies and products including latest product series AI Application enabled DeepinView Cameras, DeepinMind NVRs, Face Recognition Terminals with a turnstile, Robotics, Access Control, Video Intercom, Smart Pole, UVSS, HDTVI Turbo 5.0, Easy IP 4.0 cameras and iVMS at Secutech India. As a global leader the global leader in video surveillance and security product innovations Hikvision continues to bring the transformational technologies and its myriad applications to Indian market. Hikvision has created an experience zone to evangelize its AI Applications and AI Cloud solutions. At the event the live demos of AI based Face Recognition, People Tracking and Perimeter Protection applications evoked good response

from the security professional community. Security professionals showed keen interest in Face recognition (Rich applications for various scenarios), Data Visualisation (Making operation more data driven) and Behaviour Analysis (Quick response to emergency events). Hikvision also introduced demos of new technologies in video surveillance, including Seamless Image Stitching, Smooth Streaming, Hikvision Acusense and Hikvision ColorVu. Commenting on the developments, Mr. Ashish P Dhakan, MD and CEO, Prama Hikvision India, said, “Being a leader in AI innovations, Robotics and security solutions, Hikvision has a long term commitment to bring best-in-class technologies and innovations and to offer solutions for different verticals like Smart City, Homeland Security, PPOG, BFSI, Education, Retail, Transportation, Hospitality, Tourism, Pharma, Healthcare,

INDUSTRIAL SAFETY REVIEW | MAY 2019

Mining, Heavy Industries, etc. Towards creating a more secure environment, we are proud to introduce the latest products and innovative technologies, including Artificial Intelligence, AI Cloud, Big Data and IoT. At this year’s Secutech India, we have introduced AXHub intrusion solution, PIR Cameras along with Smart Pole and Face Recognition Terminal Turnstile. We are sure that all the latest products and cutting-edge AI technology applications will empower the future of security and surveillance industry.’ Adding further about the latest award wins, Mr. Ashish P. Dhakan said, “The big win at SECONA Shield Awards is a recognition of Hikvision’s dedicated team efforts across the product categories and verticals. The awards won by the end-users in the field of Innovation Real Estate, Education, Hospitals, Retail and Religious Premises comes as an acknowledgement of our commitment to

deliver best-in-class solutions.” Hikvision also showcased PIR Cameras, PanoVu Cameras, Turbo HD X Cameras, Easy IP 4.0 Series Cameras along with the latest offerings in Access Control, Video Door Phone, Intrusion Alarm, Storage, Transmission, ITMS, Mobile and Portable solutions, iVMS, and EZVIZ Cameras. Hikvision booth vividly displayed the vertical solutions, including Banking, Education, Healthcare, Specialised Applications, Transportation, PPOG (Power, Petroleum, Oil& Gas), Retail, Hospitality, Tourism, etc. At Secutech India Safety and Security Conclave (SISSC) Hikvision participated in a panel discussion on ‘Smart Cities –The Next Five year Plan’, Mr. A.L.Narasimhan, VP, Strategic Business Alliances, Prama Hikvision India, elaborated Hikvision’s perspective on India’s evolving Smart City implementation plan. On the second day of SISSC panel discussion ‘Reshaping the supply chain & logistics security in E-commerce and Retail’, Mr. K.K. Dakhara, Vertical HeadRetail, Warehouse & Logistics, Gems & Jewellery, spoke about advanced robotics solutions offered by Hikvision for the warehouse and logistics segment.In another panel discussion at SISSC on ‘AI and its impact on Indian security industry’ Mr. A.L. Narasimhan, VP, Strategic Business Alliances, Prama Hikvision India, emphasized that secu-

BUSINESS UPDATE

SECURITY INDUSTRY

rity industry can evolve to the next level with the help of AI Applications. He further added that AI application can help in driving intelligent actions and outcomes.

SECONA Shield Awards The fifth edition of SECONA Shield awards was announced by the eminent jury at a glittering ceremony concurrently held at Secutech India expo on the 26th April followed by entertainment program and dinner. At SECONA Shield Awards, one product and five key projects executed by Hikvision’s vertical solutions team have won the awards under six categories. Hikvision has won the best booth design award. • Innovative Security Accessory of the Year:

Prama Hikvision India Pvt Ltd for All–in-One Intrusion Security Control Panel • Security Project of the Year – Video Surveillance: Flipkart India Pvt Ltd for CCTV system for Flipkart Warehouses • Safe Educational Institute of the Year In Higher Education : Sanjivani Group of Institutes, Kopargaon

• Safe Hospital of the Year: Apollo Gleneagles Hospital, Kolkata • Safe Housing Society of the Year: JP Decks Blue Project, Mumbai • Safe Religious Premises of the Year: Shri Vallabh Nidhi Trust – Juhu (Mumbai) • Best Booth Design Award: Prama Hikvision India

Hikvision booth at the event displayed the live demos of some of the latest technologies, including Artificial Intelligence (AI) Applications and AI Cloud. Hikvision partner Seagate, showcased their innovative solutions for various advanced applications at the booth. The live training programs on various Hikvision products during the show got good response from the security community. For Hikvision Secutech India was another enriching experience with security industry specific footfall, Connect Program and value added business networking with security professional community.

Surveillance cameras for stable video under any circumstances & enhanced security functionality Axis Communications, the market leader in network video, announces the release of AXIS P1375 and AXIS P1375-E Network Cameras, offering excellent 2 MP video quality in almost any situation. Available in both an indoor and outdoor model, they are designed to capture clear, sharp images regardless of lighting conditions thanks to Axis Lightfinder and Forensic WDR technologies. Furthermore, electronic image stabilization (EIS) guarantees stable images even when the camera is subject to vibrations. With the new generation of Axis chip ARTPEC-7, the cameras offer enhanced security features with signed firmware and secure boot as well as significantly improved colors and low-light performance thanks to Lightfinder. The outdoor casing is protected against water, corrosion and dust and can withstand extreme temperatures ranging from -40°C to 60°C (-40°F to 140°F). For surveillance

INDUSTRIAL SAFETY REVIEW | MAY 2019

• Barrel distortion correction and defogging functionality

in pitch darkness, AXIS Fixed Box IR Illuminator Kit A is available as an optional accessory.

Key features include: • HDTV 1080p at up to 60 fps • Lightfinder and Forensic WDR • Secure boot, a hardware feature that doesn’t allow cameras to boot up with tampered firmware. • Zipstream with support for H.264 and H.265. • Electronic image stabilization

The products remain cost effective thanks to Axis Zipstream that supports H.264 and H.265. With Axis Zipstream, storage cost comes down by average 50% without compromising image quality. Furthermore, with CS-mount and built-in camera rails it’s easy to change lens depending on the surveillance situation. The cameras will be available through Axis distribution channels in May 2019.

TECH TRENDS

SECURITY INDUSTRY

Experience high performance, high speed, high stability with ZKTECO PROBG3000

he ProBG3000 series is a high performance and high-speed barrier gate. It adopts high performance servomotor, simple and reliable transmission structure, high temperature resistant control panel, humane interaction design on appearance and impact protection design on boom connector.

•

Features: • Human interaction design. Standard case is equipped with LED indicator and LED light strip is optional for the boom. • Mean Cycles Between Failure (MCBF) has reached 5 million times. Product lifespan is 10 times longer than traditional barrier gate. • Gate’s opening/closing speed are lightning-fast and can widely adjust from 0.9s-10s, depends on vehicle flow and boom length. • Good temperate resilience. • Small abrasion, no mechanical

INDUSTRIAL SAFETY REVIEW | MAY 2019

•

impact and impact absorption in motion Boom will be automatically raised when power off, no need for manual operation Boom will stop or return when encounters blockage. Standard package with impact -resistance rubber strip. Installation and boom’s direction switching are easy and can be done on site. Support fleet mode and open

recording function. Gate will close after vehicle sensor has detected specified amount of vehicle pass. • Support wide range of 100-240V DC and 24V battery • Low power consumption and energy saving design, the barrier gate can save 500Wh per year.

For more information, Website: www.zkteco.in

Bft, Italian technology for your access automation systems. Sliding gates

Boom barriers

• Operators for sliding gates up to 3,500kg • Wing speed up to 39m/min. • Magnetic/electromechanical limit switch • Release with personalised key • Bluetooth compatible on demand

• Barriers with 24V/230V power supply for intesive use • Useful passage up to 8m and opening time up to 0,7sec • Impact reaction via encoder • TCP/IP and RS485 compatible on demand • Stainless steel version available

Security bollards

Automatic doors

• Hydraulic / electromechanical bollards • Shaft diameter up to 330 and height 1200mm • Available in both access control version and anti-terrorism range “XPass” (K4 and K12 tested and certified) • Stainless steel version available

• Automatic pedastrian doors available for sliding, swing, telescopic and revolving versions • Max leaf weight up to 250kg • Impact reaction via electronic torque limiter • Continuous use cycle

U-link

d-track

24 V

rolling code

U-LINK is the new Bft serial communication protocol, thanks to which all the systems can communicate with each other, exchanging information on positions, speeds, and much more. But U-LINK is also a door open to the outside world.

Intelligent torque management system based on the microprocessor technology of BFT.

BFT 24V technology ensures optimum performance: precise slowdown control during opening or closing; safety and reliability.

BFT transmitters use a rolling code system that manages the commands in a completely secure way and prevents any type of external violation.

NICOMAC DOORS SYSTEMS Pvt Ltd. BFT AUTOMATION PRIVATE LIMITED PlotNo. No:10-A, I,D,A, Bollarm, Miyapur Near Miyapur, Plot 6, Shed No. 1, IDANear Bollaram, Hyderabad 502 325 India Hyderabad-502325. ph. +91 4032 914113 ph.: / 9100122902 fax8897141999 +91 8458 279790 email: info@bftindia.com

www.nicomacdoors.com www.bftworld.com www.bftindia.com

Looking for dealers in North India

made in Italy tuned to you

IN FOCUS

SECURITY INDUSTRY

“Our marketing strategy is to focus on channel sales by way of rendering effective service” Q. In your opinion, what is the state of security industry in India and what is the trend you see in the space? Nowadays every organization is being supported by emerging Technologies, from predictive analytics and Artificial Intelligence to the Internet of Things. This is resulting into growing need for Electronic Security solutions which will effectively manage all the companies. All manufacturing, chemical, pharma, education, entertainment and IT industry is expected to see more growth and requirement for Security products like Video Surveillance, Fire Alarm System, Access Control and other Electronic Security products.

Q. Which market are you targeting? Our focused approach is towards designing and executing multi-location projects with application based centralized solution for manufacturing companies, IT industries, food processing industry, banks, educational institutes, automobile industries, pharmaceutical and chemical industries.

Q. What are the various security related products that you offer? We are Distributors and System Integrators for Matrix Telecom solutions, Matrix Time-Attendance –Access Control solutions & Matrix IP Video Surveillance solutions. We also offer Fire Alarm System and AV solutions.

INDUSTRIAL SAFETY REVIEW | MAY 2019

Q. What is the advantage of Matrix products vis-à-vis the competition? Matrix is a SUBSTANCE brand. Substance is in the DNA of Matrix solutions. Substance in the form of technology, depth, genuineness and going beyond the mere outer façade to offer more values in all the areas. This is what differentiates Matrix from the lot. Matrix solutions are packed with ‘More’. More productivity, more applications, more flexibility, more functions, more features, more cost saving, more reliability and more support. Matrix positioning is based on offering more of these true inherent values, which customers expect from infrastructure solutions.

Q. What is your marketing and channel strategy? What kind of plans and expectations do you have for this segment this year? Our marketing strategy is to focus on channel sales by way of rendering effective service where consistent efforts will be valued with commitment and satisfaction towards our System Integrators. Bringing constant change and innovative approach towards the quality in services, solutions, product demos/POC .

Q. What are the challenges that you are currently facing in India? The key challenge is the price factor because many organizations compare price rather than application based solutions, durability & efficiency of products. The major challenge in India

Jeetendra Dinkar Deshmukh, Director SOLACE Enterprises Pvt. Ltd.

is that solutions need to be designed keeping price factor in mind. However, there should be comparison of technical compliance of product for the actual application as safety and security of an organization with quality is important compared to price.

Q. What kind of plans and expectations do you have for this segment this year? We have plans to focus specifically on government departments this financial year for CCTV business. We have dedicated System Integrators and a team to work with the government departments for preparing tender specifications. We are expecting to have major share of CCTV business from the government departments this year.

TECH TRENDS

SAFETY INDUSTRY

Flame Proof Range-A First From Prolite

ROLITE is reputed for its vast and diverse range in Exit/Emergency Egress Route Lighting Systems as well as innovative array of Photoluminescent Signages. PROLITE is an ISO 9001:2008 Certified Company in R&D, Manufacturing, Marketing and Maintenance in India and has earned its distinct identity by constantly changing and evolving with the times and catering to the needs of its customers. Apart from the standard ranges, PROLITE specializes in catering to specific requirements for specific purposes and this ‘Made to Order’ concept has endeared the company to its vast and varied clientele and also allowed it to experiment with and improve upon its standard product ranges. We at PROLITE like challenges and that is precisely what sets up apart from run-of-the-mill companies and firms in our line of business. The latest in innovative Emergency Exit Route Lighting Systems that PROLITE has come up with is its FLAME PROOF range. This basically comprises several variants of Industrial range Flame Proof Emergency lights equipped with 2-hour battery back-up approved by CMRI in die-cast aluminium housing, heat resistant clear Borosil Glass Diffuser with self-contained Ni-Mh/Ni-Cd Batteries in non-maintained modes. (see pic. 1)

A unique product in this range is the EXIT sign light with 3 in 1 Safety conditions (see pic. 2).

Another specialised product in our flameproof range is the portable model as illustrated (pic. 3).

Some other variants available in this flame proof range are as illustrated Another Flameproof range includes Halogen flameproof emergency light is available in 2x10 and 2x25 W and also in LED modules (pic. 4)

INDUSTRIAL SAFETY REVIEW | MAY 2019

FAQ’s about PROLITE Flameproof Emergency Lighting Systems: When Did Prolite Introduce Flameproof Emergency Lights & Why? Prolite started manufacturing flameproof emergency lights in the year 2004. Flameproof emergency lights are mostly required in mines and in places that manufacture highly combustible products. What is the USP of Flameproof Emergency Lights and how many types does Prolite manufacture? Industrial units such as mines that manufacture and/or store highly combustible products need to have flameproof lights which work when there is power supply available. However, these do not work when there is a power failure. The USP of Prolite’s flameproof emergency lights is that they work even when the power supply is out. All of Prolite’s emergency lights are made from Die Cast Aluminum Housing, heat resistant clear Borosil Glass Diffuser and are approved by CMRI. Some of these emergency flameproof lights can resist up to temperature group Z. The company manufactures flameproof emergency lights in the following categories: • Flameproof emergency beam lights in halogen and LED • Portable emergency flameproof lights in LED • Flameproof emergency exit lights in LED (Prolite being the first company to manufacture it in India)

• Flameproof emergency downlighter in LED (recently launched) (These formats are available in maintained as well as non-maintained modules) Does the bulding code recommend Flameproof Emergency Lights? The Building Code recommends only standard emergency lights, but in high fire risk areas, normal emergency lights may themselves be destroyed by fire. Prolite manufactures flameproof emergency lights to cater to such eventualities. How is the product selling in the Market so far and what is the feedback? Since it is a very niche product it caters to a very niche market and is also fairly expensive, we naturally get fewer orders for this category of emergency lights. What is the cost difference in Flameproof and Non-Flameproof lights of the same type? The cost of flameproof emergency lights is pretty high when compared to ordinary emergency lights for obvious reasons. It is a specialized product designed for a specific purpose and only certain types of customers will really need to purchase them.

TECH TRENDS

SAFETY INDUSTRY

High range - global application secure data transfer Schmersal launches new safety light grids with Bluetooth interface

or the first time, the Schmersal Group is launching a safety light grid with a built-in Bluetooth interface. The SLC440/ COM with Bluetooth BLE is an active optoelectronic protective device that makes all status and diagnostic data on the operating status of the device available on smartphones or tablets via a Bluetooth interface on a realtime basis. The Bluetooth interface also supports easy start-up using a smartphone or tablet with the integrated setup aid. There is also the excellent option of saving the data, which can then be used, for example, to document a repeat test or for predictive maintenance purposes. The transmission of data to smartphones / tablets (Android, IOS) is facilitated by an app developed by Schmersal. BLE stands for Bluetooth Low Energy, a radio system for nearfield data transmission with secure transmission.

Uniquely wide range This innovative technology for optoelectronic safety systems is unique with respect to the range over which the data can be communicated. Until now only diagnostic tools based on NFC technology have been available on the market. While NFC tools only offer a range of a few centimetres, the Bluetooth BLE interface can achieve a range of 100 times more at up to 5 metres. This means the BLE interface is perfect when the opto-electronic safety system is in a relatively inaccessible position. Bluetooth BLE also offers a greater range of applications because not all smartphones or tablets are equipped with NFC, but most have Bluetooth. As Bluetooth is an

INDUSTRIAL SAFETY REVIEW | MAY 2019

international industrial standard, the 440/COM range of light grids with Bluetooth BLE interface can be used all over the world.

Increased efficiency: Status data can be accessed in real-time “The SLC440/COM with Bluetooth BLE enable significantly improved efficiency in production processes. As the status data of the light grids can be accessed easily and in real-time, errors can be resolved more quickly to achieve increased machine availability,” explains Klaus Schuster, Managing Director of Safety Control GmbH, a centre of excellence for optoelectronics and part of the Schmersal Group. This status information and diagnostic data enables processes to be reactivated more quickly, particularly in the event of a system shutdown if a hazard is detected. It also represents a really economical innovation as, compared to classic Bluetooth, BLE is characterised by considerably lower energy consumption and reduced costs at a similarly high communication range.

About the Schmersal Group The Schmersal Group is at the forefront of expertise and one of the international market leaders in the challenging field of machine safety. With the world’s most comprehensive range of safety switchgear products, the Schmersal Group develops safety systems and safety solutions for special requirements in a variety of user industries. Schmersal’s tec.nicum

All status and diagnostics data about the operating status of the safety light grids can be accessed simply and in real time via a smartphone or tablet.

business division complements the range of solutions offered by Schmersal with a comprehensive range of services. Founded in 1945, the company is represented by seven manufacturing sites on three continents with its own companies and sales partners in more than 60 countries. The Schmersal Group employs some 1,850 people worldwide and generated a group turnover of around €240 million in 2018.

For more information, Website: www.schmersal.com

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SAFETY INDUSTRY

Warrior: Multi Terrain Professional Gear

ver almost two decade ago India used to import Safety Shoes for workers functioning in challenging environments where they were exposed to the hazards of slippery floors, acids, heavy falling objects, excessive ground heat, electric shocks, and sharp fallen objects. To put an end to this unnecessary drain on the country’s precious foreign exchange, we, at Liberty, as India’s largest manufacturer of PU footwear, took the initiative to develop an allterrain professional gear for the feet as per Euro Safety Norms (EN-345) & IS 15298 (Part I &II). The footwear was tested and certified by PFI Pirmaseans of Germany and approved by Footwear Design and Development Institute, Government of India. Aptly called Warrior, for the way it conquered the hazards of all terrains, it was created using our patented Humantech process and bringing together the best from around the world. The upper, made from superior leather as per German standard (DIN S3), has a minimum thickness of 2.2 mm. It is breathable, durable and also water resistant for up to 60 mins. Complete toe protection from heavy falling objects is provided by the

INDUSTRIAL SAFETY REVIEW | MAY 2019

German 522 ESJOT alloy toe caps. There is plenty of toe room and so there is no discomfort or fatigue even after long hours of use. The toe caps are tested for energy level of 200 joules. We have used Italian antistatic insole of 2mm that protects the feet from electric currents ranging between 100 KG Ohms and 1000 Mega Ohms by ensuring static charges developed due to friction between the foot and the leather get automatically discharged to the earth. . The outsole comes in two colors and is made of dual density polyurethane (soft mid sole of 0.45 GMS/CC and outsole of 1-1.20 GM/CC) that makes it extra light, flexible and durable. It is hard (60-65 Shore A), antistatic as well as oil, water, acid, alcohol, heat (up to 120 degrees C) and abrasion resistant. On specific request, a steel / kevlar insole is provided to protect the feet from sharp objects like nails, etc. Then there is the VAMP non-woven lining that is made of soft chrome split leather to ensure extra comfort by absorbing sweat and keeping the feet odor-free and cool. Warrior Professional Gear, molded in

2 different styles - low neck and high neck (ankle) designs, is today widely used by people in different areas of activity… in airports, chemical industry, construction business, defence services, heavy engineering, hotel, mining and railways among others. The corporate ethos that the safety of the workers cannot be compromised with has led to Warrior being accepted as standard safety norm in top organizations including ONGC, Oil India, NHPC, GAIL, NTPC, PGCIL, Railways, Indian Army, Airforce, Paramilitary Forces, State Police, Maruti, Hyundai, Ford, Tata Motors, Toyota, Renault, Honda, Hero Motors, Escorts,Sonalika, Jindal Steel, among others. What’s more it is not just in India Warrior Professional Gear has acquired a sound footing even in the overseas market. We are in the process of developing safety footwear for new application area about which we would be glad to share information with you.

For more information, Website: warrior@libertyshoes.com

Protecting your hands from Electrical hazards

Bldg no 3, Krishna Niwas, Khetwadi 9th lane, Mumbai 400004, M.S., India. Tel : 022 23851299/ 66638666/ 66638111 E-mail: gloves@rtcogl.in / info@victorimports.in Website: www.jyotgloves.com / www.victorimports.in

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MARVEL: Poly Cotton Knitted Seamless

eamless Knit Gloves are manufactured on automatic glove knitting machine & these gloves are available with different thickness, lengths (with long cuff as per the requirements) & various gauges like 7,10,13,15 made from different fibers: Cotton, Cotton/Polyester, synthetic blends, acrylic and Nylon. The Knitted Gloves are known as “General Purpose” gloves consist of Good quality, easy to wear & provides better comfort to the wearer. The seamless construction and close flexible fit increase the dexterity, allows the circulation of air reducing the perspiration. Ambidextrous fits either hand so double glove life. Terry Seamless Knit Gloves are knitted on machine with the feature of yarn loop incorporated into the knit to provide excellent insulation against temperatures. Loops provide interference to sharp edges and blade travel helping to prevent the cuts & tears.

Features & Benefits Poly Cotton Knitted Gloves are mainly made from mixed fibers or recycled

materials to make it more cost effective. But the wearing comfort & features are same as 100% Cotton. These gloves are more popular in Shell Colours like Natural, Black, Navy Blue, Grey & white. The color options are also be developed/available for bulk orders. There are various weight options available.

INDUSTRIAL SAFETY REVIEW | MAY 2019

Application • • • • •

General Purpose/ Maintenance Shipping & receiving Warehousing Assembly Packaging & Stacking.

For more information, Website: www.marvelgloves.com

TECH UPDATE TRENDS

SAFETY INDUSTRY

Keep Hazards at Bay & Make Welding a Pleasure by S.K. Palit

afety is a critical consideration for any welding project. Arc welding is a safe occupation when proper precautions are taken. But, if safety measures are ignored, welders can face an array of hazards which can be potentially dangerous, including electric shock, fumes and gases, fire and explosions and more. In order to help keep welders safe, organizations such as the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) offer safety guidelines to help control, minimize or to help employers and workers avoid welding hazards. Employers should ensure that all workers comply with the following important guidelines in the workplace: • Read and understand manufacturer instructions for equipment • Carefully review material safety data sheets • Follow the company’s internal safety practices Awareness of the most common welding hazards and knowing how to avoid them ensures a safe, productive work environment for all.

INDUSTRIAL SAFETY REVIEW | MAY 2019

Electric Shock Electric shock is one of the most serious and immediate risks facing a welder. Electric shock can lead to severe injury or death, either from the shock itself or from a fall caused by the reaction to a shock. Electric shock occurs when welders touch two metal objects that have a voltage between them, thereby inserting themselves into the electrical circuit. For instance, if a worker holds a bare wire in one hand and a second bare wire with another, electric current will pass through that wire and through the welding operator, causing an electric shock. The higher the voltage, the higher the current and, thus the higher the risk for the electric shock to result in injury or death. The most common type of electric shock is secondary voltage shock from an arc welding circuit, which ranges from 20 to 100 volts. Bear in mind that even a shock of 50 volts or less can be enough to injure or kill an operator, depending on the conditions. Due to its constant change in polarity, alternating current (AC) voltage is more likely to stop the heart than direct current (DC) welders. It is also more likely to make the person holding the wire

unable to let go. To avoid secondary voltage shock, welding operators should wear dry gloves in good condition, never touch the electrode or metal parts of the electrode holder with skin or wet clothing and be sure to insulate themselves from the work and ground, keeping dry insulation between their body and the metal being welded or ground (such as a metal floor or wet surface). ADOR Welding Limited (AWL) offers a wide range of PPE (Personal Protective Equipment), like Welding Gloves, Safety Shoes and other safety products to ensure welders’ safety. In addition, AWL offers VRD (Voltage Reducing Device) as a built-in feature as an option, and also VRD Units which can be fitted externally to any AC or DC SMAW Welding machine, which keeps the secondary voltage down to a safe level of 18-20 V when no welding is being done (machine switched on, but in idle condition). Full welding power is automatically enabled whenever the welder strikes the welding arc. An even more serious shock, primary voltage shock, may occur when a welder touches electrically “hot” or “live” parts in-

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SAFETY INDUSTRY

Ador safety products

side the welder case or the electric distribution system to which the welder is connected. This action can lead to a shock of 230 or 415 volts. AWL offers ELCB as an option in their welding machines to completely eliminate this hazard.

AWL has introduced in their range different models of Welding Fume Extraction Systems, both stand-alone as well as centralized systems (KING EXTRACTORS), with advanced technology, special filters and with or without built-in compressors

Fumes and Gases

Fire and Explosions

Overexposure to welding fumes and gases can be hazardous to the health of the welder as well as any other person who is working in the vicinity of the welding area. Welding fume contains potentially harmful complex metal oxide compounds from consumables, base metal and the base-metal coatings, so it is important to keep the head out of the fumes and use enough ventilation and/or exhaust to control the exposure to substances in the fume, depending on the type of rod and base metal being used. The specific potential health effects which relate to the welding consumable being used can be found in the Health Hazard Data section of the Safety Data Sheet available from the consumable manufacturer. Welding areas require adequate ventilation and local exhaust to keep fumes and gases away from the breathing zone and the general area. In most situations, a ventilation system- such as a fan, and an exhaust system or fixed or removable exhaust hoods- to remove fumes and gases from the work area are provided.

Welding arc creates extreme temperatures, and may pose a significant fire and explosions hazard if safe practices are not followed. While the welding arc may reach temperatures of 10,000 degrees Fahrenheit, the real danger is not from the arc itself, but rather the intense near the arc & the heat, sparks and spatter created by the arc. This spatter can reach up to 35 feet away from the welding space. To prevent fires, before beginning to weld, inspect the work area for any flammable materials and remove them from the area. Flammable materials comprise of three categories: liquid, such as gasoline, oil and paint; solid, such as wood, cardboard and paper; gas, including acetylene, propane and hydrogen.

INDUSTRIAL SAFETY REVIEW | MAY 2019

Ergonomics When welding heavy material manually and during assembly welding the loads are very static. Positioning welding also gives high loads. Ergonomic control of Welderâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s position, arrangement of rotating tables (rotators and turn tables) is important to reduce welder fatigue and chances

of poor weld quality.

Other Safety Considerations Welders should also be aware of other safety considerations within the work environment. For example, those working in a confined space or in an elevated area may need to take extra precautions. In any welding situation, welding operators should pay close attention to safety information on the products being used and the material safety data sheets provided by the manufacturer and work with their employer and co-workers to follow appropriate safe practices for their workplace. Good common sense is also key while opening cans of electrodes, keep hands away from sharp edges. Remove clutter and debris from the welding area to prevent tripping or falling. And never use broken or damaged equipment or PPE. To keep up with the most recent safety practices, welding operators should utilize resources from the American Welding Society (AWS), OSHA and welding manufacturers. By following these safe practices and using common sense, operators can stay safe and keep production moving with no lost-time accidents. Safety & Health Fact Sheets are provided in the ANSI Z49.1 Standards. [The author is Head-CCC & Strategic Support - Equipment, SGP & WAPS at Ador Welding Ltd.]

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SAFETY INDUSTRY

COMPLACENCY The Silent Killer by Larry Wilson

don’t even think about the risk anymore? (When was the last time you “worried” about your safety as you got behind the wheel?) How do people get complacent enough that they will do something that they know contributes to making a “mind not on task” error, like texting while driving? Or to not use a safety device like a fall arrest harness that reduces the risk if they do happen to make an error with balance, traction or grip? And finally, since it happens to all of us — we all do get complacent — what can we do to fight it?

Complacency and “Mind Not on Task”

riving home from the Sports Centre last week, I saw a familiar scene starting to build on the slip road next to the dual carriageway. It was the usual suspects: an ambulance, more than one police car, a fire engine, another on the way — sirens blaring, the street being closed off... In a few minutes, I was home. The neighbours were asking if I knew what happened. “No, I don’t,” I said. “But whatever it was, it didn’t look good — too many police cars and fire engines for something minor.” “Was it on the dual carriageway?” “Are they going to close the highway down?” I answered both people at once. “No, it was on the slip road. They’re closing it down. Or, at least it looked like they were going to close it down.” My seven and nine year old girls were on their bikes. They asked if they could cycle over and see what was going on. I said I didn’t think that was a good idea. Whatever happened — one thing I was sure of — it wasn’t going to be pretty. Several hours later, we eventually heard what happened: a flatbed truck (18-wheeler) hit a man on a mountain bike crossing the road — in broad daylight. The lorry

INDUSTRIAL SAFETY REVIEW | MAY 2019

wasn’t speeding. “How can you get hit by a lorry?” one of my friends asked. “Must not have seen it,” I offered. “Yeah, I know, but that’s what I mean — how can you not see a large lorry?” “Not easy,” I said in agreement. But in my head I’m thinking complacency. You’ve got to be pretty complacent to not see a flatbed lorry. He must not have even looked. Heck, just a quick glance probably would have been enough. If he had just slowed down enough to get that quick look, he’d still be alive… With violent crime, quite often you hear yelling and screaming before the gun shots. In the movies, the music changes, but with complacency there’s usually no warning, nobody’s worried about anything, and then “wham” — somebody’s dead — every day, thousands (and thousands) of times a day, all over the world. When you add it all up, complacency contributes to more unintentional deaths than anything else — especially when you combine it with rushing, frustration or fatigue. How do people get so complacent that they don’t look for large lorries or that they fall asleep at the wheel? Why do people get so complacent that they

As mentioned above, complacency causes many problems, but the biggest or the worst is that it leads to “mind not on task.” Once the fear is no longer pre-occupying, your mind can wander. And when you’re thinking about something else, other than what you’re doing at the moment, your most important asset — your star player — is sitting on the bench. Think about all of the times you’ve been injured (not including sports). Can you even think of one time in your life when you’ve been injured when you were thinking about what you were doing and the risk of what you were doing at the exact instant when you got injured? Note: If you’re like most people, you can’t even think of one — let alone ten. And yet we’ve all been hurt thousands of times if you count all of the cuts, burns, bruises and scrapes we’ve had. Case in point: I asked the question to over 1,200 linemen of a major electric utility company. Out of 1,200 lifetimes — at work and at home — I got two examples. The average age of the group was about 45. That’s two examples in 1,200 x 45 years. So, as mentioned before, your mind is indeed your most important safety “device”. But here’s the catch: we don’t always need to be thinking about what we’re doing — from a risk perspective — in order to do many things (like drive) without getting hurt. We can all do lots of things on auto-pilot. So the first thing people need to do is recognise or accept that their mind will wander if they’ve done the

TECH TRENDS

same thing many times before. It’s going to happen. It happens to everybody. It doesn’t make you a bad person — just a dead one, or a disabled one or a lucky one… But it’s not hopeless. There are techniques you can use to fight complacency, and there are techniques you can use to compensate for complacency leading to mind not on task — and mind not on task leading to line-of-fire or balance, traction or grip errors. They don’t require expensive equipment or yellow and black tape. But they do take a bit of personal effort. And finally, as well as teaching people these techniques, we also have to teach them to develop a deep level of respect for complacency and what it can do so that it doesn’t start creeping in to their decision making as well.

Critical Error Reduction Techniques Although everyone does get complacent with things that they have done over and over again, it’s not hopeless, because if you’re not thinking about what you’re doing, your behaviour will be what it normally is. It will only change if you make a conscious effort to change it. So we need to get people (including ourselves) to work on their safety-related habits: like moving your eyes before you move your hands, feet, body or car; testing your footing or grip before you commit your weight to it; looking at your “second foot” as you step over a cord or something that you could trip on (it’s usually the second foot — that you’re not paying attention to — that gets caught or hung up); looking twice when the sun is in your eyes to make sure you didn’t miss something (the sun does play tricks on you); lightly touching something before you grab it — if it might be hot (I learned this one at a steel factory); and finally — sadly in the case of the mountain biker — habitually looking for line-of-fire or what might be coming at you at blind junctions (or where cycle tracks through the woods exit onto a side road). If you don’t see what might be coming at you, it could easily be the last mistake you’ll ever make… Of course it takes a bit of effort to

INDUSTRIAL SAFETY REVIEW | MAY 2019

SAFETY INDUSTRY

develop new habits or to change old ones, but the real bonus is that once you do — you will do it automatically. It won’t take any effort after that. And then you won’t have to worry nearly as much about complacency leading to mind not on task and mind not on task leading to other critical errors like line-of-fire and a loss of balance, traction or grip. However, even though improving your safety-related habits will help to compensate for your mind going off task, it would also be good if we had a way of helping people “pull their mind back to the game” or to bring them back to the moment. This is because your habits and reflexes alone don’t give you the ability to anticipate a dangerous situation and then take yourself completely out of harm’s way. That you need your mind for. However, if you watch other people for “state to error” risk patterns (see Figure 1), every time you see one, it will automatically make you think more about what you’re doing. If what you see is sensational enough, you’ll do more than think about it — you’ll actually react to it. For instance, instead of just driving on auto-pilot you look around a bit more. As you do, you notice the driver next to you trying to look at a piece of paper inside a folder while talking to someone on their mobile... Chances are you’re going to either speed up or slow down or move over another lane to get out of the way. But if you didn’t look or you don’t get in the habit of looking, then you wouldn’t necessarily take yourself out of the line-of-fire. So, working on your safety-related habits helps to compensate for complacency leading to mind not on task, and looking at others for state to error risk patterns helps to pull your mind back into the Figure 1

game and make you think about the risk of what you’re doing at the moment.

Complacency and Decision Making While these two critical error reduction techniques will reduce injury causing errors like eyes not on task, moving into the line-of-fire and losing your balance, traction or grip, we also need to help people realise the problems complacency can cause with decision making. One of these problems is with trusting something important — especially something that is important or critical from a safety perspective — to your memory. This can be as simple as forgetting to bring a life vest for everyone in the boat, to something more complicated, like remembering a change to a well-established routine (driving to and from work). In some cases, the consequences are just wasted time or wasted money. In others, if there’s enough hazardous energy around, the consequences can be deadly. (Approximately 100 children/infants a

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SAFETY INDUSTRY

fallen going up stairs. So, as mentioned before, we need to teach people more than just the critical error reduction techniques they need to learn to fight complacency and to compensate for complacency leading to mind not on task; we also have to teach them to develop a deep respect for complacency and what it can also do to our decision making. As it turns out, the man killed on the mountain bike was not someone from overseas looking the other way — as was originally speculated. He was a well respected local who had been living locally for 30 years. Over 300 people came to his funeral... Every day, thousands (and thousands) of times a day, complacency claims another victim. year die in Canada and the United States of hyperthermia because they fell asleep in their car seat and their parents forgot they were in the vehicle.) So, when you say to yourself, “I’ve got to remember this,” or “I can’t forget to do that”, you need to realise that “right now” is your last clear chance to do something to aid your memory (note in line of vision, alarm on phone/tablet, etc.). But once again, complacency can get in the way. Since we don’t always forget, or worse — hardly ever forget — it’s very easy for people to get complacent about doing something else to aid their memory, especially if whatever they need to do takes a bit of effort or if it seems silly (like putting a post-it note on the dashboard saying “Daughter in car seat” if you don’t normally take the child to nursery). Another problem complacency causes is with recognising change. We can all talk and drive at the same time. And we all know it can be a distraction. Sometimes it’s not too distracting (not too dangerous) and sometimes the conversation can be very pre-occupying (very dangerous). In situations like these, it’s easy to become complacent and rationalise what we’re doing when it’s not dangerous, because the risk is low. It only becomes a problem if the conversation starts to get

INDUSTRIAL SAFETY REVIEW | MAY 2019

more involved. But this can be difficult to recognise because you’re now thinking about whatever it is that’s pre-occupying your attention, not on what you’re doing (driving). So, even though we all know that driving when you’re really pre-occupied is dangerous, complacency can lead us to do things that may easily become very dangerous without us always recognising it. Another fairly obvious problem complacency causes is with overconfidence. Many safety devices, procedures or protocols are redundant if nobody makes a mistake or “nothing goes wrong”. We all know that you don’t need a life jacket unless you fall in the water. But if someone is a good swimmer, they might be less inclined to wear a life jacket; or if they were an experienced roofer, less inclined to wear a fall arrest harness — especially if they were only 6-10 feet above ground… However, people can also get complacent about using checklists and permits. They can also become complacent about things like telling someone where they’re going (walk in the hills) and when they’re planning on coming back — sort of like filing a flight plan. People can even get complacent about holding the handrail, even though we’ve all fallen going down stairs before and some of us have even

Larry Wilson has been a behaviour based safety consultant for over 25 years. He has worked with over 500 companies in Europe, North and South America and Asia Pacific. He is also the author of SafeStart, an advanced safety awareness program currently being used by over 3,000,000 people in 60 countries worldwide and in 30 languages. For more information contact: Website: eu.safestart.com contact@ssi.safestart.com

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SAFETY INDUSTRY

Protective Footwear: Making the choice

hen it comes to planning our PPE procurement – even when just focusing on footwear – there’s a lot to consider. Over your career there’s a high chance you’ll be wearing your protective footwear for more hours than your favourite jeans, so you’d better hope they’re comfortable. Point being, many of us get so preoccupied with ticking the obvious boxes for requirements, that we don’t stop to think of whether the very material the boots are made of could cause more safety concerns than all the external environmental factors we plan for. Fortunately, this is an essential remit of quantitative risk assessment of goods such as footwear. Regarding this assessment, the CTCR laboratory accredited by ENAC No. 1299 / LE2460, has the necessary competencies to carry out multiple tests, and among them is the chemical determination of chromium(VI) content in leather according to the UNE-EN ISO 17075-1 standard (colorimeter method). Specifically, when considering leather production for footwear at a national level across the country of Spain, leather fashion continues as the highest (64% in pairs, 83% in value), followed at a good distance by textile material footwear with (28% in pairs, 11% in value) achieving a high

INDUSTRIAL SAFETY REVIEW | MAY 2019

representation among the neighbouring producing countries. Regarding exports, leather regains prominence in the first quarter, with an estimated growth of 2.7% in inter-annual rate. The production of leather footwear is an intensive process, both in terms of the work to create the product, and the time required to do so. In case you were under any illusions, the leather producing process is complex. Raw skins are transformed into different types of leather through a series of chemical and mechanical processes. The basic characteristics of each type of leather, such as softness or thickness, depend on the tanning process and, currently, most of the leather used to produce footwear is chrome tanned. Chrome tanning formed the basis for the development of the leather business on an industrial scale. However, if not controlled correctly, the use of chromium in the tanning stage carries a potential toxicity risk due to hexavalent chromium, Chromium(VI). Since this material is a component in many consumer items and, unfortunately, in its manufacturing process still generates by-products and waste, the leather industry bears the responsibility of managing and controlling that potential risk. In order to comply with current sustainability

standards, it is necessary to guarantee the safety of tannery workers, the environment and of the final consumers. Chrome is an element used in various applications. More than 95% of the chromium is not used in the leather industry; only a small portion of the chromium ore ends up being used for this purpose. The vast majority finds its application in stainless steel and silverplated articles. This is the reason why the overall recycling rate of chromium is very high, possibly the element of the periodic table with the highest recycling rate. Chromium comes in different forms. The elemental form, Chromium (0) and Chromium (III), is important for human nutrition, but the fact that it can oxidise under certain conditions, transforming it into its dangerous hexavalent form, Chromium(VI), represents a risk similar to that of many other organic chemicals. For this reason, it is considered toxic to humans and animals.

Chromium is present as: Most of the chromium in the leather is tightly fixed to the collagen during tanning. Once the chromium is fixed to the fibre, its availability for the balance of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) is drastically reduced. In a standard chrome tanned leather, the chromium content fixed to the fibre

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is 3-4%. For such leather, the standard value of extractable Cr(III) is in the range of 50-500 ppm, although it depends largely on the conditions of the process and the formula. The concentration of 50 - 500 ppm is the amount available for equilibrium and is equivalent to a concentration of Cr(VI) in leather, much lower than the current detection limit of 3 ppm, concentrations that have been proven to pose a risk to the consumer. At high temperatures is when the oxidation reaction begins to turn towards Cr(VI). The direct oxidation of Cr(III) bound to the hexavalent form under standard conditions is very unlikely due to the extremely slow reaction rate. “Hexavalent chromium is a strong allergen, it is toxic, and is classified as carcinogenic and mutagenic category I if inhaled” Likewise, it should be considered that there are chemical products found in the leather industry that can generate free radicals, for example, by exposure to UV light or by the bleaching/ cleaning processes; these radicals can favour the oxidation of trivalent to hexavalent chromium.

EU regulation After briefly analysing the chemical transformation and the balance between Cr(III) and Cr(VI), we can analyse the risk of hazard even in small doses. Hexavalent chromium is a strong allergen. It is toxic, and it is classified as carcinogenic and mutagenic category I if inhaled. Therefore, if leather contains significant amounts of Cr(VI), we face a potential risk. The fundamental questions are: • What are the realistic risks for those who are exposed to chromium? • What are the limit value thresholds?

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Hexavalent chromium in leather goods has been regulated in the EU since 2015, with the aim of preventing allergies to chromium and dermatitis. Modification of Annex XVII of the REACH Regulation (EU 301/2014): Ban on the marketing of leather articles that are in contact with the skin with a 3mg/kg or more content of hexavalent chromium. So, it stands to reason that the question I’m sure you’re all asking, is: what kinds of leather are affected by the EU Regulation 301/2014 on chromium (VI)? Leather has been used for decades as main material for components in the manufacture of footwear and leather goods. This legislation not only affects footwear, however, it also affects a range of products that are in contact with the skin, such as sports equipment, seat covers, steering wheels and car gear sticks, as well as furniture and straps for watches and/or bags. “It is very important to establish analytical controls and have products tested at reference laboratories” Let’s focus now briefly on the UNE EN 17075 Standard. This addresses chemical determination of chromium(VI) content in leather using the colorimetric method. This standard specifies a method for the determination of the content of chromium(VI) in leached leather solutions, under certain conditions. The method described in this standard is adequate to quantify the content of chromium(VI) of leather from 3mg/kg. This standard applies to all types of leather, as previously mentioned in this article. The results obtained by the method described depend strictly on the extraction conditions. The results obtained by using other extraction procedures (extraction solution, pH, extraction time, etc.) cannot be compared

with those obtained by the operating procedure described in this standard. The soluble Cr(VI) is extracted from the leather at pH 7.0 - 8.0 and the substances that influence the detection are removed by solid phase extraction (SPE). Cr(VI) in solution to oxidises 1,5-diphenyl carbazide to 1,5-diphenyl carbazone to give a red/violet complex which can be quantified photometrically at 540 nm. As of May 1, 2015, leather goods or goods with leather parts that come into contact with the skin may not contain chromium(VI) in concentrations equal to or greater than 3mg/kg of the total dry weight of that leather or part. In this regard, the Spanish Agency for Consumer Affairs, Food Safety and Nutrition (Aecosan) and the consumer authorities of several autonomous communities have been, for years now, in charge of warnings to withdraw products exceeding these limits from the market and ban the importation of numerous footwear from diverse brands, as they could cause allergies and intoxications due to their high content of Chromium(VI). This all goes to show that it is very important to establish analytical controls and have products tested at reference laboratories. When procuring PPE we’re very quick to check how it measures up against immediate, and traditionally wellknown hazards that are prevalent in industry. When it comes to protective footwear, we know workers may face hazards in the form of dropped objects, slipping, extremes of heat and cold, and standing on sharp objects – to name but a few. But with an ever-growing knowledge of risks, particularly from chemicals and hazards not previously considered, we must evolve how we procure PPE and protect personnel.

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SAFETY INDUSTRY

Person Protection in Automotive Arena

he Occupational Safety and Health Administration requires that companies protect their workers from general workplace hazards that can cause injury or illness. Identifying and controlling potential hazards at the source is the most beneficial way to ensure the workplace is as safe as possible. However, working in industries where heavy lifting and dangerous machinery is present, OSHA also requires employers to provide personal protective equipment to keep any outlying hazards from hurting employees. The OSHA general industry PPE standards that outline employer obligations, which can be found online at www.osha.gov, are as follows: • Performing a hazard assessment of the workplace to identify and control physical and health hazards • Identifying and providing appropriate PPE for employees • Training employees in the use and care of the PPE • Maintaining PPE, including replacing worn or damaged PPE • Periodically reviewing, updating, and

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evaluating the effectiveness of the PPE program While PPE is needed for all industries— construction, manufacturing, transportation, etc.—the automotive industry must take careful PPE precautions because of the dozens of potential hazards present at the automotive plants. The Bureau of Labor Statistics reported1 in 2011 that “workers in the automobile and light duty motor vehicle manufacturing industry experience higher rates of injury and illness than do workers in most other industries.” The most crucial PPE components that matter most for the automotive industry in particular are:

Foot Protection Foot protection comes in many forms, as workers have to protect themselves against metatarsal breakage and plantar fascia strain. Metatarsal breakage can occur when working in an auto plant because workers are constantly expected to perform repetitive tasks, including heavy lifting and operating dangerous machinery. All of these actions can lead

to heavy machinery and objects falling on one’s foot and shattering the metatarsals and phalanges. Employers need to provide PPE that can aid in this scenario, in the event of an object striking an individual’s foot. Work boots should provide full coverage of the foot. Those who do not work full time in the auto factory, visitors, and management should utilize compositetoed overshoes2 as a precaution. Composite-toe overshoes are 25 percent lighter than regular steel-toe overshoes and are a cost-effective alternative for workplaces that cannot provide everyone with work boots. Plantar Fascia Strain is another common culprit of employee pain. At an auto plant, workers are standing on their feet all day, which often leads to discomfort and even strains. Providing workers with dual-layer anti-fatigue memory foam insoles3 not only provides tremendous comfort for all-day standing, but also reduces the risk of foot disorders, pain, and strains. As a bonus, look for insoles that have shock absorption. Anti-fatigue insoles that provide shock absorption allow energy to be absorbed by the insole

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when something strikes the foot, which decreases the energy that would otherwise be absorbed by the joints and soft tissue. Providing workers with personal anti-fatigue insoles reduces pain, fatigue and health care costs while increasing productivity and employee engagement.

Eye and Face Protection Because auto plant workers are around molten metal, liquid chemicals, and flying particles from welding, eye and face protection are extremely vital. The first step in avoiding this is for employers to engineer administrative controls in these environments, such as using machine guards and shields between workstations or around specific machines. While these barriers can help initially, it is still important for all employees who work around these materials to have protective goggles or faceshields if they are working in direct contact with the material. There is a wide variety of eyewear and face PPE to choose from, and it is suggested that the employer identify all of the potential safety hazards and choose the proper PPE that checks all of those boxes. For example: • Grinding, machining, sanding, and riveting all call for safety spectacles that have side shields. • Molten metal requires faceshields due to high likelihood of splashing. • Sanding or other dusty operations are best served with goggles. • Welding jobs require helmets, ideally with a lift-front window, to protect against molten metal splashes and potential burns.

Hearing Protection One of the most overlooked PPE items across all industries is hearing protection. Workers at an auto plant may be exposed to extremely loud noises on a daily basis, which can likely result in hearing impairment. To best combat this, companies must start at the source. Start by enclosing loud machinery within a sound-insulated barrier and installing anti-vibration machine mountings when possible. If isolating these machines is not an option, other

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SAFETY INDUSTRY

means include: installing panels with noise dampening material throughout the workspace, fitting silencers to exhaust systems, or providing acoustic screens. Regularly scheduled maintenance is also important to ensure equipment is running smoothly and not making unnecessary noises. Once the preliminary measures are taken, employers need to offer supplemental hearing protection, such as ear plugs or ear muffs. In workspaces in which noise levels exceed 85 decibels (which many auto plants do), workers are at a higher risk of hearing loss over time. This is why it is so crucial to take the measures of not only keeping loud machines as far away from the workers as possible, but offering this second source of added protection so workers can guard their eardrums from the sound percussions.

Protective Apparel Auto plant workers are exposed to a variety of harsh environments that require all-over protective gear. Employers should provide the following PPE apparel: aprons, coveralls, coats, pants, hats, hoods, sleeves, gloves, and totally encapsulating chemical protective suits. When deciding what apparel to purchase, it is important to select clothing based upon its ability to resist different agents, such as flames, chemicals, and sharp objects. In general, there are several types of fabric to defer to when buying PPE apparel:

• Wool—fire resistant and comfortable • Leather—protects against flames and dry heat • Heavy fabrics—puncture resistant, protects against heavy and sharp materials • Rubber—protects against chemicals Beyond providing the correct type of apparel, it is also important to specify that workers avoid wearing dangling jewelry or loose-fitting clothing and not wear their hair long. One key component of health and safety practices is the use of PPE, as it is one of the only defenses against workplace hazards. The first thing a company must complete to ensure the highest safety standard is a hazard assessment. Once all hazards are determined, the correct protective equipment can be decided on. However, providing the proper PPE is only the first step. If employees don’t know when or how to use it, the items are useless. Training workers is vital in making sure the PPE is doing its job in protecting the users. The training should include educating workers on: when protection is necessary, how to properly wear and adjust the protective items, the limitations, and proper care and maintenance. It is important that employers constantly provide and educate their employees on PPE because when a machine malfunctions or a human error is made, the added protection aids in reducing injury and can even prevent death.

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FIRE INDUSTRY

Install Gas Leak Detector: BMC to Commercial Units

lthough food is the most important ‘daily bread’ for human living, cooking of the same can be life taking as well. Whether it’s a stove, grill, fryer or any other cooking equipment, LPG and PNG leaks present a constant flammable risk to the workers as well as to the property. Back in 2017, a fire claimed 12 lives at Bhanu sweatmeat shop in Saki Naka. Owing to which, BMC had directed all distributers, consumers and commercial establishments to install Gas Leak Detectors at their premises. Despite of such mandatory instructions given by BMC, many commercial units are seen violating the safety norms even today. Food Van gutted due to LPG gas Leakage TNN | Dec 4, 2018, 13:21 IST Five sustain injuries due to leakage in LPG cylinder TNN | Updated: Oct 31, 2018 Two serious among 10 injured in LPG blast TNN | May 31, 2018, 14:47 IST LPG Gas leakage causes fire in basement, worker injured TNN | Aug 18, 2018, 11:19 IST 6 suffer burn injuries in LPG gas cylinder explosion TNN | Dec 21, 2018, 22:50 IST

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Fire at Damu Nagar slum: Over 25 gas cylinders explode; two killed, 2,000 huts gutted Mumbai |Updated: December 8, 2015 3:39:42 am Above mentioned are few of many other catastrophic cases that happen every year in India. Our passive and lethargic approach towards such disasters has worsen the situation even further. What we do is: Either install a low quality gas detector and compromise on safety or file an FIR followed by a huge media coverage and some relief amount to the affected families. That’s it!!! The rootcause and so the preventive measures are completely ignored. In order to have an optimum protection against LPG explosions and mishaps, installing a LPG gas detector of good grade is very crucial. However, with so many choices available today, it’s undoubtedly challenging to pick one that’s perfect for your needs. Ambetronics is a pioneer company in manufacturing of LPG leak detectors that are PESO, CE, CMRI certified. Their LPG Gas Detectors consists of powerful gas sensors that are capable of detecting even the smallest leak thereby giving out an audiovisual alarm. In addition to the highly sensitive gas sensors and prompt alarming system that alerts the workers within seconds of gas leakage, Ambetronics gas detection system also minimizes the risk of

damage by: • Automatically switches ON the Exhaust fan – In order to ventilate the kitchen area • Automatically switches OFF the gas valve – In order to prevent further gas accumulation in air • Sending alert messages to concerned kitchen authorities – Informing them remotely about the disastrous situation even if they are not present at the site.

For more information, Tel: 022 – 61673056, Mobile: 9320619646 Email: sales11@ambetronics.com

Ashish Shah, Managing Director Ambetronics Engineers Pvt. Ltd. Ambetronics Engineers Pvt. Ltd. is an ISO 9001:2015 certified company manufacturing products that are CCOE, CMRI & CE compliant. The design and installation process given by Ambetronic’s Technical Experts has been unquestionable for past 26 Years. With 25000+ instruments working on site, Ambetronics has always stood higher in the field of Human & Industrial Safety.

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Chalmit Launches Protecta X : A New Generation of LED Lighting for Hazardous Areas

halmit, the world’s leading manufacturer of lighting for harsh and hazardous environments, has launched the Protecta X LED. The revolutionary, new luminaire is up to 50% brighter than any traditional linear light on the market, it has user-definable light distribution, a lifespan of over 120,000 hours at 25°C, is easier to maintain, and thanks to an optional battery stick, can be installed in half the time. Chalmit, part of the Hubbell Harsh & Hazardous group, is the leading supplier of lighting to the oil and gas industry; its luminaires are used by the sector’s leading companies, including Shell, BP, Adma, Opco and many more. The Protecta X is Chalmit’s largest ever investment in product development; with four patents pending it is expected to lead to a whole new generation of LED lighting within the sector. Ken Eddleston, Chalmit’s Lighting Product Manager elaborates: “Traditional linear luminaires have dominated the low-level lighting of hazardous areas for over 50 years. But linear lights were originally designed to house fluorescent lamps, since then LEDs have come in, but the linear enclosure hasn’t really changed, leaving the performance of LEDs compromised.

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“We felt it was time to change all this. So, we gave the luminaires a complete re-think, putting customer needs and light performance front and centre of our design process. Rather than accepting the constraints of a traditional linear enclosure, our design team started from scratch and asked what design would ensure the absolute best from the LED? The result is the Protecta X – the highest performing LED linear for harsh and hazardous applications ever developed.” The Protecta X has specialised optics which deliver the light of a 4ft linear in a lightweight and slimline luminaire package. The optics control the light, generating a highly targeted, bright, white output over the desired area, and limiting the amount of wasted spill light. The optics are available in a variety of distinct distributions, designed for key site applications – such as mounted from handrails for walkway illumination and localised lighting in low/ medium bay applications. This higher, more focused output means fewer luminaires are required, reducing, installation, inspection times and overall project costs. Furthermore, the Protecta X is 50% more energy efficient than a fluorescent luminaire, reducing energy costs too. Chalmit has also innovated with the emergency version of the product. The Emergency Protecta X has an innovative battery stick which slots into the side of the luminaire, eliminating the need to laboriously open the driver enclosure to access the battery. If battery issues arise, the stick can be simply removed or replaced in minutes – reducing maintenance times by a third. The position of the battery stick also means users can purchase the stick when they’re ready to use the luminaire. Ken Eddleston explains why this is such an

important feature: “A luminaire is often delivered to site well in advance of project completion. However, the longer you leave a battery unpowered, the more likely it is to fall into an unrecoverable deep discharge state – resulting in expensive and timeconsuming maintenance of the unit before it has even been used! We’ve eliminated this big problem; if they want to, users can simply purchase the battery stick when they’re ready to use the luminaire.” The Protecta X also avoids the overheating issues of traditional linear luminaires, making it more likely to meet the stipulated 120,000-hour lifespan; even at 60°C, it has a lifespan of 90,000 hours. Its LEDs and driver are housed in separate enclosures extending the life of both components. Air gaps between the luminaire and central body prevent the collection and dust and particulates, which can also encourage overheating. Made of highly recyclable marine grade aluminium, rather than plastic, heat is conducted away from the new luminaire’s central body. These design features ensure the Protecta X has an exceptional ambient temperature range of -40oC to +60oC in standard models and -25oC to +60oC in emergency variants. Ken Eddleston concludes: “Many hundreds of hours of development time, fifteen customer study groups and thousands of pieces of customer feedback have gone into the Protecta X. The result is a luminaire which delivers on every front. This is truly a step-change moment in the development of low-level lighting for hazardous areas.”

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New Getac rugged tablet solutions drive safety & productivity in hazardous industries The K120-ANSI and K120-Ex fully-rugged devices combine powerful computing performance with anti-explosive technology that meets stringent US and EU regulations

etac has today announced the launch of its new K120-ANSI and K120-Ex fully-rugged tablets, set to deliver unparalleled levels of safety and performance to personnel operating in hazardous working environments. Digital transformation in the industrial sector has seen traditional paper-based systems replaced with mobile devices that feature integrated RFID readers and barcode scanners, making data collection and management much more efficient. However, the presence of flammable gases and dust in many industrial facilities creates volatile atmospheres where a single spark from an electrical device may cause a significant explosion. In order to work safely in such environments, specialist notebooks and tablets that limit electrical and thermal energy output to below dangerous levels and eliminate the risk of sparks should be utilised.

Combining power and safety The K120-ANSI and K120-Ex combine the features of Getac’s popular K120 tablet with anti-explosive, intrinsic safety technology that fully complies with stringent US and EU regulations that govern certification of products for hazardous locations. The K120-ANSI is fully certified for use in all C1D2 hazardous areas (US) while the K120-Ex is fully certified for use in all Zone 2/22 hazardous areas (EU). K120-Ex is also IECEx certified, which is accepted in a number of countries in Asia Pacific including Australia, New Zealand, Singapore and India. The results are two versatile new tablets that can be used to perform key tasks in a wide range of challenging and hazardous environments around the world. “As digital transformation continues to

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drive major changes throughout sectors such as oil & gas, petrochemicals and pharmaceuticals, the need for devices that can operate efficiently in every corner of the plant, rig, refinery or factory is becoming increasingly important,” says Rick Hwang, President of Rugged Business Unit at Getac Technology Corporation. “With the K120ANSI and K120-Ex, employees will be able to work in hazardous environments with full confidence, knowing they are protected by the latest intrinsic safety design technology and features.”

Powerful and versatile in all conditions The K120-ANSI and K120-Ex feature an 8th generation Intel® Core i5 and i7 Quad-core CPU for maximum performance, even when using multiple applications simultaneously. A 12.5” full HD widescreen display offers ultimate

versatility, while LumiBond™ sunlight readable technology with rain and glove touch capability ensures screen visibility (1200nits of brightness) and productivity in even the most extreme conditions.

Built rugged from the ground up Industrial facilities are tough on equipment, which is why the K120ANSI and K120-Ex meet MIL-STD-810G military durability standard and IP65 for water and dust resistance. In addition, they boast drop resistance of up to 1.8 meters (six feet) and remain fully operational in temperatures ranging from -21°C to +63°C.

Availability The new K120-ANSI and K120-Ex will be available for purchase globally from today onwards. For more information, Website: www.getac.com

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STATIC ELECTRICITY “Static electricity is a potential fire and explosion hazard.” - R. R. Nair (R. Rajasekharan Nair) 1.0 INTRODUCTION: Fires and explosions are most common in industries especially in chemical industries. They are occurring almost every day in one part of the world or other. The causes attributed for many of these fires and explosions are electric short-circuits. These short-circuits arise due to “misuse of electricity” or due to a build-up of “static electricity”, in flammable and explosive atmospheres. Lack of awareness on the hidden dangers of static electricity has resulted in many accidents. However, no authentic data is available for India on the accidents occurring due to static electricity. The static electricity is a serious problem in India especially during the storage and filling operations of flammable and explosive materials. The problems of static electricity is a neglected area in many situations and therefore needs more attention about its hidden dangers. It is important to understand its nature, generation and general methods of control, if the static electricity has to be minimised in industrial operations. Thus, this article is devoted to the basics of static electricity.

2.0 GENERATION: Static electricity is named in contrast with current electricity, which flows through wires or other conductors and transmits energy. According to Wikipedia, static electricity is an imbalance of electric charges within or on the surface of a material. The charge remains until it is able to move away by means of an electric current or electrical discharge. Thus, the static electricity is the result of an imbalance between negative and positive charges in an

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object. These charges can build-up on the surface of an object until they found a way to be released for discharge. It may be remembered here that a static electric charge can be created whenever two surfaces contact and separate, and at least one of the surface has a higher resistance to electric current (and is therefore an electrical insulator). In other words, static electricity is generated by movement – friction, or simply contact and separation of materials. Static electricity is the build-up of an electrical charge on the surface of an object. It’s called “static” because the charges remain in one area rather than moving or “flowing” to another area. Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790) proved that lightning was a form of static electricity when he and his son flew a kite during a thunderstorm. Franklin in fact shaped the way we think about electricity. He invented the terms “positive” and “negative”. Michael Faraday (1791-1867), proved that static electricity was the same as that produced by a battery of generator.

According to Michael Richmond, a physics professor at the Rochester Institute of Technology, electric charge is a fundamental property of matter and nearly all electric charge in the universe is carried by protons and electrons. Because protons are generally confined to atomic nuclei, which are in turn imbedded inside atoms, they are not nearly as free to move as are electrons. Therefore, when we talk about electric current, we nearly always mean the flow of electrons, and when we talk about static electricity, we generally mean an imbalance between negative and positive charges in objects. Positive and negative charges behave in interesting ways. Two things with opposite, or different charges (a positive and a negative) will attract, or pull towards each other. Things with the same charge (two positives or two negatives) will repel, or push away from each other. A charged object will also attract something that is neutral. This can be explained through a schematic diagram which is shown in Fig 01.

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3.0 EXAMPLES: In our day to day life, we often come across static electricity. We see static electricity every day. It can even build up on us. For example, when we rub our feet on the carpet and then zap something when we touch it. That is static electricity that we have built up on the surface of our skin discharging onto another object. We also see it when our hair gets charged and sticks straight up or when our pant legs keep sticking to our legs. This is all static electricity that has built up on the surface of an object. Here are some examples of static electricity in our day to day life: 1. When we walk on a carpeted floor and getting shock when touching a door knob or any other metal object, is one of the best examples of static electricity (See Fig 02). 2. Clothes stuck to one another after being in the dryer is another example of static electricity. 3. When dry hair is brushed with a plastic comb, static electricity is produced. If it is done in a dark room you will notice the sparkles. 4. When a comb is passed through the hair, the hair which is dry starts falling apart from each other or it may be in strands and start moving apart.

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5. When plastic pen passes through a woollen garment, a static electricity is generated. Because of this the plastic pen can attract small pieces of papers. 6. Lightning is one of the main examples of static electricity. The positive and negative charges inside the cloud makes the electric current and causes the lightning. Well, there are many more examples of static electricity that we experience in our daily life. Static electricity is a problem in the warm dry atmosphere where the large scale use of highly insulating plastics, rubber and synthetic fibre used in furnishing, floors, fittings and clothing. In warm dry premises, people wearing synthetic fabric clothing and shoes with plastics or rubber soles, becomes static generators, when they walk across nylon carpets or rubber floors. Instead of the electrostatic charge on their bodies being able to dissipate to earth via conductive shoe soles and flooring, it remains and accumulate on the person, and the discharge occurs at soon as he or she touches a metal door handle, or a machine which is not insulated from earth. The discharge can be to another person, with a slight shock â&#x20AC;&#x201C; sometimes a spark jumps as

they may contact. If the static charge accumulate and no conductive path is readily available, a spark will jump and air gap to find an earth path. The few practical applications of static electricity include, zero graphic printing, the electrostatic air filter and high voltage Van de Graaff generator.

4.0 POTENTIAL HAZARDS: The problems of static electricity arise when the materials are electrically nonconducting (such as plastics, dry paper, rubber, ceramics, glass, synthetic fabrics, etc.) and the electrons cannot flow away to the earth, i.e., the charge then remains locked on the surface. Discharge of static electricity can create severe hazards in those industries dealing with flammable substances, where a small electrical spark might ignite explosive mixtures. The build-up of static electricity is a potential fire and explosion hazard wherever the atmosphere is contaminated with flammable gases, vapours or clouds of fine dust particles. The flow of liquids through paper creates static electricity. The static electricity can also create from the movement of powders in mixing, grinding and sieving operations. The transfer of liquids and powders from one container to another, the speeding of tyres along roads, the running of transmission belting or other forms of sheet materials or drums and pulleys can also generate static electricity. From above, it can be concluded that in any continuous flow operation with high operating speeds, generate static electricity. In general, the rate at which static electricity is generated increased with speed. The movement of people across non-conducting floors, and the friction of their clothing as they walk generate a static charge. Where industrial process are concerned, static charges of much higher voltages are produced and discharges can be in the form of sparks or sufficient energy to ignite a flammable atmosphere.

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The flowing movement of finely powdered substances or low conductivity fluids in pipes or through mechanical agitation can build up static electricity. The flow of granules of material like sand down a plastic chute can transfer charge, which can be easily measured using a multimeter connected to metal foil lining the chute at intervals, and can be roughly proportional to particulate flow. Dust clouds of finely powdered substances can become combustible or explosive. When there is a static discharge in a dust or vapour cloud, explosions have occurred. Bonding and earthing are the usual ways to prevent charge build-up. Electrostatic discharge while fuelling with gasoline is a present danger at gas stations. Fires have also been started at airports while refuelling aircraft with aviation fuel (See Fig 03). The static electricity is a potential major hazard when refuelling aircraft. New grounding technologies, the use of conducting materials, and the addition of anti-static additives help to prevent or safely dissipate the build-up of static electricity.

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It may be remembered here that when two dissimilar materials are brought into contact, there is always some disturbance of the surface electrons at the interface; they migrate from one material to the other. Thus, one surface becomes positively charged, the other carries an equal negative charge and while the two surfaces are in contact, the force of attraction between them maintains a state of electrical equilibrium. When the two surfaces are separated, an excess positive charge is left on one surface and excess negative charge on the other. This does not matter, if the surfaces are earthed conductors, since the electrons can readily flow through the last point of contact as the surfaces separate. The charge then flows away so rapidly that it cannot be dictated, and the materials are restored to their electrically neutral state. To sum up, the danger from static electricity arises only under the following circumstances: 1. A flammable or explosive atmosphere exists. 2. The static accumulates sufficiently

for a discharge to occur. 3. The discharge produces a spark sufficiently to ignite that particular flammable atmosphere.

5.0 PREVENTION: Static electricity usually is no more than bothersome, but it actually can be harmful. Computers, cell phones, photocopiers and other electronics can be damaged by static electricity. Many semiconductor devices used in electronics are very sensitive to the presence of static electricity and can be damaged by a static discharge. Thus, the use of an antistatic strap is mandatory to researchers manipulating nano devices. Further precautions can be taken by taking off shoes with thick rubber soles and permanently staying with metallic ground. To help us better understand static electricity and how to prevent it, JoAnne Boston, business development manager of Crown Mats, offers the following answers to some common questions about static electricity: Why do we get shocks when we touch a door knob or filing cabinet?

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It may be remembered here that most shoes have insulating rubber or plastic soles. As we walk, a static charge can build up on these soles, which can generate an electrical charge on our bodies. This charge is released when we touch a door knob, metal filing cabinet or a variety of other objects. Similarly why do we get shocks when we get up from a chair? It is because, when we sit in a chair, the contact between our clothes and the chair can generate an electrostatic charge on our clothes. This “body voltage” remains low until we get up from the chair. It is released when we touch another item. You may have also noticed that often, when you get out of your car, you get a shock when you touch the door or even the door frame. Make sure, you start holding the metal frame before you get out of the car, and you keep touching it until you’re out of the seat completely. If you forget to do this, you can also touch the car door with your keys. Since the electricity will discharge through them, you won’t feel a shock. According to JoAnne Boston, static electricity is an electrical charge trapped on the surface of an object. The charge remains until it is allowed to escape to an object with a weaker or opposite electrical charge. Often these shocks are too small to notice until they reach or surpass 2,000 volts. One of the easiest ways to avoid static shock is, to pay attention to what you’re wearing and what kind of fabrics make up the furniture in your house. For example, according to Electrostatics.net Notes, rubbersoled shoes are great insulators, and will build-up a lot of static charge in your body when combined with a wool or nylon carpet. Wearing shoes with leather soles can help to prevent static electricity. Try walking around in leather soled shoes, or cotton socks instead of wool socks. Leather soled shoes are also great for grocery shopping, since shopping carts can often cause lots of static electricity. However, in workplaces with electronic

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FIRE INDUSTRY

machinery, the best option is to install anti-static mats over hard surface floors. These mats have a conductive material that collects static, helping to prevent the build-up of electric charge and minimizing or removing static. Similarly, wool sweaters are common offenders, especially in the dry winter (when you usually wear them). If you sit in a chair made out of the right fabric, you’ll build up quite a bit of static charges. It may be reminded here that the cotton is going to be much friendlier, thus try wearing cotton clothes when you want to avoid nasty shocks. Certain furniture or antistatic sprays can help alleviate this problem, too. A good way to prevent static electric shocks is to raise the humidity in your home or office using a humidifier.

6.0 FUTURE APPLICATIONS: Scientists from the University at Buffalo in New York, are looking into a common but mysterious phenomena — static electricity. Experts believe that this form of electricity could be one day utilized to power all sorts of electronic devices, provided we find out exactly how it works and functions. And a new study may shed some light on this strange occurrence. Researchers believe that the actual cause of static electricity is due to small structural changes at the surface of materials. These changes arise when certain materials come into contact with each other, and friction occurs. Scientists believe this revelation could help in the design and creation of longer-lasting, sustainable power sources for many small electronic devices. To achieve a better understanding of static electricity, researchers are conducting experiments on the triboelectric effect. According to Wikipedia, the triboelectric effect (also known as triboelectric charging) is a type of contact electrification on which certain materials become electrically charged after they are separated from

a different material with which they were in contact. Rubbing the two materials each with the other increases the contact between their surfaces, and hence the triboelectric effect. Rubbing glass with fur for example, or a plastic comb through the hair, can build up triboelectricity. Nanotechnology has given us the tools we need to achieve a deeper understanding of triboelectricity. Although most people are familiar with this effect in their daily lives, little has been understood about it until recently. James Chen, PhD, assistant professor in the Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering in the School of Engineering and Applied Sciences at the University at Buffalo, used a variety of techniques during their work to understand the different types of friction that can create static electricity. Through a combination of physical experiments and extensive computer models, they are now in the process of creating triboelectric nanogenerators. These devices would be capable of harvesting — and even controlling — different types of static energy. Researchers believe there is virtually no end to the different types of static electricity their technology could harness and control. The friction from your fingers and a smartphone screen, or the friction created simply by walking along the ground could be used to keep your small electronic devices powered on the go. Scientists will continue their extensive research on the topic of static electricity. Additionally, they will streamline their designs to control static electricity in various forms, and begin testing their new technology soon.

7.0 CONCLUSION: Static electricity can be hazardous. The principle hazard created by static electricity is that of a spark from a build-up electrical charge which can cause combustion or explosion of vapours, gases or dusts. Electrical

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shock is another hazard presented by static electricity. Static electricity can be produced wherever unlike materials are in motion and in contact with each other, such as a liquid flowing through a tube or pipe, powdered or granular material moving through ductwork, or sheet material passing between or over rolls. Transferring a liquid from one container to another may produce electrical potentials. Steam cleaning of tanks or other containers in which flammable vapours may be present can be hazardous because high-velocity steam may generate considerable static charge in passing through the feed pipe. Static electricity is also generated on dry belts used for power transmission and conveying, particularly of rubber or leather by the contact and separation of the belt and pulley. Powdered or granular material may produce dangerous accumulation of static charges, when blown through ducts, non-conductive chutes, or machine parts that are not bonded and grounded. With most conductive materials or devices, bonding or grounding can be used to drain off static electricity as fast as it is generated. Bonding eliminates a difference in potential objects. Grounding eliminates a difference in potential between an object and ground. The problems associated with static electricity can be greatly minimised by draining off the charges to prevent accumulation of a charge of sufficient energy to cause ignition. Static collectors can be used to prevent static accumulations especially on moving belts, paper or other materials. If the relative humidity is maintained at or above 60% at 21 Degree Celsius, static charges will be less likely to accumulate than at lower percentages.

FIRE INDUSTRY

2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

8. 9.

10. 11. 12. 13. 14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

8.0 REFERENCES: 1.

Bureau of India Standards -

INDUSTRIAL SAFETY REVIEW | MAY 2019

IS 7689 (1989): Guide for the control of undesirable Static Electricity, http://sciencenetlinks.com/ lessons/static-electricity-2/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Static_electricity https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Triboelectric_effect https://funbrains.net/examplesstatic-electricity/ https://incompliancemag.com/ charging-electronic-devices-withstatic-electricity/ https://lifehacker.com/how-cani-avoid-static-electricity-shocks-incold-dry-5851341 https://www.ducksters.com/ science/static_electricity.php https://www.ehstoday.com/ safety/don-t-be-shocked-staticelectricity-q https://www.explainthatstuff.com/ how-static-electricity-works.html https://www.livescience. com/51656-static-electricity.html https://www.loc.gov/rr/scitech/ mysteries/static.html https://www.sciencemadesi mple. com/static.html Kletz, Trevor A. – What Went Wrong? 2nd Ed., Houstan, Texas, Gulf, 1986. Lees, F. P – Loss Prevention in the Process Industries – 3 Vols, 2nd, Ed, Oxford Butterworth – Heinemann, 1996. Nair R. R. – Fire and Explosion Hazards, Industrial Safety Review, January, 2013. Nair R. R. –Electrical Hazards, Industrial Safety Review, October, 2012. Nair, R.R. – Chapter on Static Electricity in “Management of Industrial Hazards”, CEP Pub 647, AICTE, Bangalore, 1997. National Fire Protection Association, Boston - Static Electricity Standard 77M. National Safety Council, Chicago - Static Electricity (Datasheet 547).

Mr. R. R. Nair (R. Rajasekharan Nair) is currently the Director of Safety and Health Information Bureau. He is an ex-employee of Central Labour Institute, DGFASLI, Mumbai, and retired from the Government Service after 28 years. He had undergone specialised training in Occupational Health & Safety (OHS) at ILO-CIS, WHO, HSE (UK) and RoSPA (UK). He has more than 50 years’ experience in OHS & Fire Protection. He had represented India at the 23rd meeting of ILO-CIS held at Geneva. He has also participated in a number of seminars, conferences, workshops on OHS & Fire Protection at National levels. He has carried out about 85 projects in safety, health, environment and fire protection (safety audits, accident investigations, environmental studies, hazard identification and risk assessment (HIRA), hazardous zone classifications, fire safety audits in high rise buildings, etc.) PAN India. He is author of 15 books and about 100 articles in various topics on safety and allied subjects. He can be contacted on: M: +91 7045172050, +91 9224212544 Resi: +91 477 2266994 E-mail: ceo@shib.co.in / rajan.shib@gmail.com Website: www.shib.co.in

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Reducing fire risk at waste & recycle facility

nvestment in tools like the fire detection and suppression systems, not only catch fires early in the process, but protects the insurance companies from the risk of an employee getting unnecessarily injured while fighting a fire. Insurance companies want to work with clients that take an organization-wide approach to mitigating their fire risk across all of their facilities and protecting their biggest assets. After countless meetings and discussions with waste and recycling facility operators since we first launched the company, the question of insurance approvals and discounts inevitably comes up at some point during the due diligence process. Although one would expect the answer to be an unequivocal “yes, with an associated percentage discount”, there are a number of factors that come into play when an insurance company is evaluating their perceived

INDUSTRIAL SAFETY REVIEW | MAY 2019

risk for providing coverage for your operations. One thing I have found to be crystal clear: engaging your insurance provider early in the process of assessing and developing a fire protection strategy puts you in the best place for understanding which investments, training and tactics make the most sense for your operation. This is especially true if you have multiple facilities with multiple types of risks. In this article we will not only focus on the fire risk which recycling operations face on a daily basis, but we will also look at the range of issues facing your facilities, the role that insurance plays in our industry and specific tactics an owner/operator can implement in order to lower each sites’ risk profile. I have been fortunate to collaborate Jim Emerson (insurance carrier loss control) in an effort to provide readers with a unique insight and perspective to not only the cause of fires, but the solutions that insurance

companies look for when evaluating the risk of loss of any operation. The causes of these fires range from traditional material hazards such as propane tanks, fertilizers, hot work activities, hazmat, smoking and chemicals to new hazards such as electronics and lithium-ion batteries. In addition, we have seen other factors contributing to the increase in fires including, but not limited to, climate change related heat/dryness and China’s recycling restrictions. Regardless of the cause, the industry has seen a 77 percent year over year increase in fire incidents in the first six months of 2018 alone – Figure 2. This has a number of industry insiders concerned that the rash of fires due to lithium-ion batteries alone is a scary prospect that must be addressed. These types of fires have increased in most of the major material recycling verticals – Figure 3. Although it might seem like a small

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FIRE INDUSTRY

6. Figure 3

number when compared to other materials, the 43 percent year over year increase of waste fires is highly significant since it makes up almost 40 percent of historical totals. In addition, metal fires have more than doubled YTD compared to the same period in 2017. Metal fires traditionally make up about 30 percent of historical fire incidences. From an insurance perspective, they are seeing the number of incidents increase along with the subsequent payouts. Based on their increase of risk, waste and recycling companies need to be more proactive than ever if they want to mitigate their fire risk and put their best foot forward in the eyes of their insurers.

Lowering your site’s risk profile Every insurance company has different ways of assessing risk. They look at both the risk of the industry as a whole as well as your company’s specific risk. From an industry perspective there is not much an insured can do to change the insurance company’s view of the industry’s risk, but there are several ways to increase the insurance company’s faith in the risk mitigation of your operations which can lead to more favorable premiums. Based on the company’s track record, we have

INDUSTRIAL SAFETY REVIEW | MAY 2019

seen companies over the years that are deemed “uninsurable” based on the number of incidents vs. companies with a strong track record that are able to leverage their reputation with more favorable premiums from the insurance companies. As we all know, there is not an end all, be all solution that is 100 percent effective fighting every potentially fire/explosion risk. This is why we recommend a combinational approach to reduce the risk of fires in a bulk recycling and/or trash tipping floor, pit, baler, equipment and storage operation. A combinational approach uses the best pieces, people, equipment, communications and training in order to provide your operations the best chance of catching and eliminating a fire incident before it becomes a major fire incident and shuts down your business. For most waste and recycling operations, we typically recommend: 1. Thermal cameras—automatic thermal detection, often sensing dangerous temperature differentials before a fire even starts. 2. Use of a pre-wetting foam agent and possibly in combination with twin 1 – ½ inch (or 1-3/4) water nozzles as an option. 3. Remote, human verified, manual

10.

11.

12.

control of the foam agent dispenser from a safe location. Configure the above for 180-degree area with the best line of site coverage available with the ability to operate for sweeping and prewetting around the fire perimeter and collateral assets. Eliminate fire brigade as it puts valued employees at risk and is difficult to administer in compliance with OSHA requirements. (OSHA allows a limited fire brigade that can monitor evacuation, address incipient stage fires as long as they are not interior structural fires.) Configure an emergency response such as providing a lancing nozzle, fire service hose and a deck gun in order to be prepared for the fire professionals arrival. Ensure that a pathway is maintained for the fire professionals to safety enter the facility where the fire department has been trained to arrive. Train employees to start the fire pump and shut off the proper electric circuits to save time for the fire response professionals. Have a trained bulldozer/loader operator with the proper equipment or make sure the fire department is trained on your equipment. Have a working automatic sprinkler system and adequate water supply. The water supply may be lacking at some locations, so having a tank system and early detection solution is highly recommended. Have a solid “human training” program. This means regular inspections and testing of fire equipment of all types, being ready for a fire event with a simple but effective fire emergency response plan and good housekeeping, contractor and hot work controls are essential. Have manually operable roof vents to let heat escape. Heat is likely to get out through roll up doors, melt light panels on exterior walls, etc.

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but if you can have the ability to relieve it by opening roof vents, it is much better and safer since the fire service will not have to manually cut a vent in the top of the roof. 13. Have secondary rally points in a safe place, potentially even offsite, for personnel that can remain and help the fire service (e.g., in effecting safe plant shutdown, operating crane, etc.). They may wish to have personnel leave the site either immediately or shortly due to smoke and the need to assure personnel safety. Having a place you can rally and stay in communication (with plans, electrical/gas schematics, radios, etc.) offsite can be very instrumental. 14. Develop a rapport with the fire department which includes training with TEEX/NFPA on how to fight a fire in a recycling and trash tipping floor/pit operation. Using the tactics listed above can have the following benefits: • Earliest detection with fire detection technology and application of prewetting foam can eliminate fires, contact the proper response and

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FIRE INDUSTRY

•

greatly reduce or eliminate major fire incidents. Adding additional foam CAFS systems allow more manual applications of foam from a safe distance for employees. Installing a deck gun and setting it up for the fire department’s arrival will save valuable time on arrival. This process takes a lot longer than what we see in the movies and allows the fire department to get right to work. If you can only provide one form of sprinkler head, protect the structural steel columns in combination with an early detection and suppression system. Roof vents can be opened. Let the fire department do this as they want to be able to control this important aspect. Being able to do this with a button vs. mounting the roof manually and cutting with a saw protects emergency responders from a potentially dangerous situation. This approach allows the threat to structural steel elements to be greatly reduced. This is the main inflection point in firefighting. At this point, the fire department can become the most effective on the

interior attack towards the seat of the fire. Remember, doing the above combination of items will optimize the fire service outcome or possibly result in immediate incipient fire extinguishment when caught early enough. These capabilities together as a combination will reduce your facilities fire risk profile and provide your best chance of getting the best insurance coverage and rates.

Conclusion Mitigating your facility’s risk in the eyes of an insurance company is a complex process that takes commitment and a strategy that goes well past checking the box an insurance application and receiving a discount. An insurance company wants to be confident that the owner/ operators are committed to not only making sure that there is a proper fire safety infrastructure in place, but they also want to see a solid a plan of attack if and when an unfortunate incident occurs. Investment in a combinational approach to firefighting, which includes tools like the fire detection and suppression systems, not only catch fires early in the process, but, most importantly, they protect the insurance companies from the risk of an employee getting unnecessarily injured while fighting a fire. Insurance companies want to work with clients that take an organization-wide approach to mitigating their fire risk across all of their facilities and protecting their biggest assets (and potentially largest risk and payouts for the insurers) protected with a solution that allows them to sleep at night. Just as the owner/operators are in the business of waste removal and recycling, the insurers are in the business of keeping their payouts low. These are two achievable goals with the right approach to risk mitigation industry-wide.

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Flame Detectors: Towards brighter prospects

here are many industries, processes and applications that have a need to protect and save life and property. To that end, they need detection systems and detectors that will be highly immune to false alarms and of the highest performance and reliability. As a result, flame detectors were developed to detect fire at all times and in all weather conditions and yet be highly immune to false alarms. In recent years, communication, video image processing and data storage power technology have developed rapidly and so are readily available and easy to implement. They will contribute to the next generation of Flame and Gas detection systems and products. There were many types of flame detectors used in the past but since the early 1990s, Triple IR flame detectors (IR3) were introduced to the market to address the critical need for low or no false alarms, coupled with high sensitivity and fast reaction time. This is especially important in high risk applications such as shutdown systems on offshore/onshore oil and gas installations, activation of fire suppression systems etc.

Response time: For many of these applications, every second in response time may make a large difference in addressing the evolving fire threat. So, very fast and reliable response is key.

False activations: Activations, for no real threat, result in a very disruptive and costly event. They may result in shutdown of critical processes, evacuation of personnel, activations of suppression systems and

INDUSTRIAL SAFETY REVIEW | MAY 2019

the incurrence of high costs etc. In many cases, the actual damage from false alarms / activations are even greater than the immediate cost of activating unnecessary fire emergency procedures. Unacceptable false alarm rates lead to a loss of credibility of the safety system. Such loss in credibility sometimes leads to loss of confidence that may result in personnel ignoring future fire alarms or even to the disconnection of crucial fire detection elements, which are considered problematic. The consequences in case of a real fire could be disastrous. It should be noted that the challenge of avoiding false activation is complex. Many techniques that might be used to prevent false activation will also significantly reduce the detection sensitivity for real fires. Under no circumstance can one allow a detector not to alarm when a fire is at its initial stage, while it is still small enough to be controlled and extinguished. Flame detection technologies have come a long way since the first phototube (UV) and photo cells that detected the photons emitted by flames.

The Challenge To that end, the market requirements and needs are for the following core capabilities:

• Fast and 100% positive detection of fire in all cases of background radiation conditions • Very high immunity to false alarms in all weather and background radiation conditions • Fast and reliable detection of any types of fuel or gas ignition or outburst of fire or vapor explosion. • Reliable at all operating conditions with very high mean-time-betweenfailure (MTBF) In addition the desired features are: • Ability to continuously monitor and view the protected area and to receive an alarm and clear image of the events, as they occur, at the control room. • Immediate transfer of all vital information to enable the control room and the emergency team to select the best response • Fast and reliable visual location of the fire event in the monitored area • Diagnostic and prognostic capabilities of the detector operation including data – logger and HD video that enable pre/post event investigation into the causes of ignitions.

Background Flame detectors have been extensively used for over 50 years to address the need for quick detection and, in many cases, also the response to fast growing fire. These devices monitor the optical radiation emitted by the fire in the ultraviolet (UV), visible and/or infrared (IR) wavelengths and issue an alarm when their measurements indicate that a hazardous flame is present. For highrisk areas, particularly outdoors, optical flame detectors are the favored solution.

21-23 October 2019

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FIFTH EDITION OF OMAN’S ONLY AND MOST COMPREHENSIVE EXHIBITION ON FIRE, SAFETY AND SECURITY

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This is because, unlike smoke and heat detectors, detection is ‘taken’ to the fire rather than waiting for the fire to reach the detector. Flame detection technologies have come a long way since the first phototube (UV) and photo cells that detected the photons emitted by flames. The ever-growing requirements of modern industry for higher performance and reliability i.e. to continuously detect fire as early as possible with the highest sensitivity, and in all weather conditions, yet to be highly immune to false alarms. This was better addressed in the late 1970s by the introduction of the combined UV/IR detectors. Yet the inability to detect fire at long ranges without a high false alarm rate was still a problem – because increasing the sensitivity of the UV/IR detection system, e.g. by appropriately lowering the threshold level, increased the range of detection however it also increased the false alarm rate. False alarms may be caused by spurious radiation sources, such as direct or reflected sunlight, black body radiations, artificial lights (particularly halogen lamps), welding, electrical heaters, ovens, etc. Some spurious radiation sources may not be large enough to activate short-range detectors but can be large enough to activate detectors whose sensitivity has been increased to extend their detection range. The UV / IR detectors were very commonly used and today are still used in some onshore industries, mainly indoors where false alarm sources are less prevalent or long detection range is less important To address the need to reduce false alarms and increase detection distances, the late 1990s saw the major breakthrough in flame detection which was the introduction of TRIPLE IR (IR3) technology. This technology revolutionized the field of fire safety by providing a flame detector with a much

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FIRE INDUSTRY

longer detection range, much higher sensitivity and with exceptionally improved false alarm immunity. IR3 detectors can detect a standard 1ft2 (0.1 m2) gasoline fire at a distance of up to 200ft (60m) and operate in extreme weather and harsh industrial conditions, with a very low false alarm rate. This is done by concurrently monitoring the detection area with three IR sensors, one of them sensitive to infrared radiation emitted by the hot CO2 product of fire (wavelength around 4.3µ) and the other two reference sensors sensitive to background radiation (at longer and shorter wavelengths). IR3 detectors have provided industry enhanced flame detection reliability with a longer detection range combined with unprecedented false alarm immunity that was required by the high-risk, high-value facilities and processes in general but in particular the Oil & Gas offshore and onshore industries.

The FlameSpec-IR3-HD flame detector provides ultra-fast response, high performance and reliable detection of all types of hydrocarbon fires (visible and non-visible). The detector addresses slow growing fires as well as fast eruption of fire using improved triple IR (IR3) technology. It operates in all weather and light conditions with the highest immunity to false alarms. In addition, the detector provides high-definition (HD) video output of the monitored area with clear imaging of a fire event and of personnel at distances up to 100 ft (30m). This allows the rescue team to be aware of the exact situation before entering the hazardous area. The detector automatically records video of any fire event (1 minute pre- and up to 3 minutes post alarm initiation). These features, along with the built-in event logger, provide additional means to study the cause and development of fire events for “lessons learned” reviews.

Next Generation Now the next generation of the IR3, e.g. the FlameSpec-IR3–HD, is being introduced to further enhance the protection and safety for high risk and high value industries. The FlameSpec-IR3-HD will detect fires and explosions extremely fast thus allowing preventative action to be initiated even more rapidly and minimizing the consequences! The unmatched Detection times and distances are: • 40ms – for a fast fire burst or explosion • 1s – for 1ft2 (0.1m2) n-heptane pan fire at up to 100 ft. (30m) • <4s – for 1ft2 (0.1m2) n-heptane pan fire at up to 260 ft. (80m) The integral HD quality video, with event recording, on top of the proven superior capabilities of Triple IR (IR3) flame detection, then provides a very powerful safety tool to protect personnel, plant and process.

Summary So many situations, where the risk from rapidly growing fires on unmanned platforms and processes, plant areas where operators and other workers are present near unwanted hazardous discharges, can all benefit from today’s readily available well proven flame detection technologies. To that end, the fire detection industry can and should meet the challenge and develop the next generation of substantially more capable, reliable and better performing products. The latest technology has now been applied to the proven IR3 flame detection technique to produce an ultra-high speed IR3 flame detector that can respond in 40 milliseconds, with even higher immunity to false alarms and even higher reliability. With integral HD video and data/event recording, it is difficult to see why such a detector is not always the first choice.

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FIRE INDUSTRY

Fire pump: Changing technology trend

he technology incorporated into the design of fire pump sets is not subject to rapid change. The focus on safety of building occupants and the protection of building fabric, understandably, involves an extensive process of product assessment and certification of fire pumps, to meet national standards and to satisfy the requirements of insurers. In many cases, it would be difficult to justify entering into these lengthy and costly procedures to introduce a new product feature or a minor improvement in performance. There would be insufficient demand from customers to make these incremental upgrades desirable or commercially feasible. As a result, not all of the advances in technology incorporated into pumps for other non-safety related

applications have been introduced into the design of fire pumps. This can be seen, I would argue, across all world markets, and in the product lines of all manufacturers. In this article, however, I will be focusing on one key aspect of technology which is about to revolutionise the way in which fire pumps operate, representing a major step change in the way that these sorts of pumps are controlled. I refer to the introduction of variable speed pumping into the design of fire pump sets as an alternative to fixed speed. Over the last decade, variable speed pumping has largely replaced constant speed in pumps for HVAC applications. The technology is well-established, with proven advantages and is widely available from all major manufacturers

of HVAC pumps. For some time it has not been considered feasible to redesign fire pumps to operate on variable speed principles. The typical advantages relate to energy efficiency during operation and this, of course, is not the key priority for pumps that are only employed in the event of a fire. With the earlier variable speed pump models this was certainly the case, and manufacturers such as ourselves have continued to base our designs for fire applications on fixed speed capability. With the latest generation of variable speed pumps, however, the cost justifications have changed significantly. This is because todayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s pump models have a wider operating envelope than their predecessors, and the reductions in lifetime costs made possible by variable speed fire pump MAY 2019 | INDUSTRIAL SAFETY REVIEW

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sets now provide compelling financial and technical arguments for migrating across to a more advanced technology. For fire pump installations involving high-rise buildings, and particularly those subject to pressure variations due to connection to the city main, these new variable speed pump sets bring advantages in terms of simplification of systems, lower installed costs, and reductions in the time and cost of routine maintenance. These all contribute to lower overall lifecycle costs. The latest generation of variable speed pumps have particular advantages for sprinkler systems in high-rise buildings, reducing system complexity and contributing to lower overall lifecycle costs.

High-rise buildings In sprinkler systems for high-rise buildings it is essential to manage the differing pressures across the building. System pressure and pumping capability need to be sufficient to ensure adequate supply of water to all floors in the event of a fire. So fixed speed pump sets are typically sized to ensure delivery of water at an adequate pressure on the upper floors. This means, however, that measures need to be taken to reduce pressure on lower floors. For example, it is typical for pressure reducing valves to be incorporated into the system to prevent damage associated with discharging water into lower floors of a building at a pressure which is much too high. An additional factor is that, in countries where it is customary for water to be drawn from the city main in the event of a fire, there can be significant variations in incoming water pressure between, for example, night time and peak daytime hours. These variants can make it particularly difficult to size components such as pumps, and the design process

INDUSTRIAL SAFETY REVIEW | MAY 2019

FIRE INDUSTRY

for sprinkler systems is more complex. There is also a repair and maintenance burden associated with the incorporation of pressure reducing valves, particularly in large, high-rise buildings where many valves require regular servicing. Our own estimates, based on annual service contracts for existing fire pumps sets, suggest that each year around 5% of the pressure reducing valves will need to be replaced and calibrated, just to ensure that the system will operate effectively in the event of smoke or fire. These costs need to be factored in, over the lifetime of the system, to calculate lifecycle costs.

Variable speed The latest fire pump sets with variable speed capability, however, provide significant advantages in high-rise buildings, in that they automatically adjust pressure to ensure effective delivery of water throughout the building from the basement to the top floor, adjusting for variations in water supply from the city main. Pump sets such as the new Armstrong Design Envelope (DE) range of fire pump sets, for example, automatically increase or decrease pressure to ensure delivery of water at the required pressure without the need to rely on complex calculations during the design process for the system, and without the need for pressure reducing valves. In the case of the Armstrong DE fire pump sets, this is possible because the integrated sensorless control of the pumps enables them to calculate their own speed requirements based on the load placed upon them at any one time. Embedded within the memory of the speed controller are pump performance curves for differing speeds, including power, pressure and flow data across the flow range of the pump.

So, as long as the inverter can identify the power and speed of the pump, it can carry out the necessary calculations to determine the hydraulic performance and position in the pumpâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s head-flow characteristics. The speed controller then regulates the pump accordingly to allow for variants in water pressure from the city main. This means the pump-set is self-contained, and capable of effective operation across the various floors without the need for pressure reducing valves. It can be easily linked to a BMS for greater visibility of what is happening, but it does not rely on electronic communication with other elements of the system in order to understand the job it needs to do. It arrives on site with all this intelligence already resident. Furthermore the pumps incorporated in Armstrong variable speed pump sets are Design Envelope (DE) models capable of providing the same control functionality over a wider operational range than other pumps. So the pump sets can continue to meet operational requirements across a wider range of water pressure levels from the city main. There are a number of benefits of adopting this approach. Firstly, first installed costs can be lower as the cost of pressure-reducing valves can be removed. Secondly, the design of the system can be simplified, as the pump set incorporates control technology capable of automating the process of pressure increase and reduction. Lastly, through the lifecycle of the pump set, the maintenance burden is reduced, because routine checking, repair and replacement of pressure reducing valves is no longer required. At the time of writing, the first Armstrong variable speed fire pump sets are in the process of achieving full certification via the various fire standards authorities across the world. If you would like to discuss how upgrading to these new technology fire pump sets could benefit your sprinkler system designs, or protect your building more effectively, please contact us for more information.

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Thomas Wittek appointed as M. D. & Board Member of R. STAHL Pvt. Ltd., India

e are pleased to inform you that R. STAHL AG has appointed Thomas Wittek as Managing Director and

Board Member of R. STAHL Private Limited, India, effective 1st March, 2019. Thomas Wittek succeeds Joerg Fitzek, who will continue his association with R. STAHL India in the capacity of Regional Sales Director. In his new role, Thomas Wittek will be responsible for leading several strategic growth initiatives in India and the APAC region. He will directly report to Dr. Mathias Hallmann, CEO of R. STAHL AG.

Thomas Wittek has held several leadership roles for more than 20 years and has a proven track record of establishing sustainable and profitable businesses. Before joining R. STAHL, he has worked with several privately owned companies and large multinational business conglomerates across Europe, Far-East Asia & the Indian subcontinent. His most recent role was with a major tier-2 automotive supplier in India as their CEO. Thomas Wittek adds, “I

am confident India’s growth potential and economic opportunities will surpass that of most emerging markets and I am excited to build R. STAHL India as a Centre of Competence to support the APAC region, Middle East & Africa”. We feel confident that Thomas Wittek will successfully lead and further develop R. STAHL India with his experience, knowledge and energy and will strive to help our customers achieve continued success.

Avians’ Loading Bay Solutions for you to be one step ahead

vians has been the pioneer of bringing innovation and advanced features in the field of industrial automated doors. With years of experience in execution & R & D, Avians is now expert in every manufacturing, warehousing industry and is one of the establishments that offer the most engineered efficient & reliable products in High-End Automatic Entrance Solution Range. Loading Bay Equipment is one of the many products that we are having expertise. Since we are manufacturer of all items in house the whole process from product development and design to manufacturing, installation and service are optimally co-ordinate, which ensures smooth loading and unloading at your loading bay.

Dock levelers : The Dock Levelers from Avians are manufactured conforming to the European standards (BS EN 1398:2009,

INDUSTRIAL SAFETY REVIEW | MAY 2019

EN 13241-1:2003+A1:2011) and using advanced technology to create a precision based engineered product. A dock leveler is a piece of equipment that is usually either mounted to the dock face or installed into a pit at a loading dock door allowing movement of vehicles between a building and a loading/unloading vehicle. There are two types of dock levelers - Standard Lip and Telescopic Lip dock levelers. Avians dock levelers are with highly efficient imported power pack & single button control panels. Unlike multiple button to operate platform & Lip independently which makes confusion to the operate which sequenced to be followed. Avians dock levelers Single button technology is very popular & efficient. Multi tasking control panel is suitable to accommodate various operating, indicating & safety accessories. Dock Levelers is placed at the

exterior of the building in a loading bay. This is an actual bridge between the loading area and the vehicle, so as to balance out all the difference in height and distance. Various load carrying capacities ranging from 3 tons to 25 tons & sizes upto 4 mtrs as platform length are available in the array of dock levelers offered by us. A dock leveler forms a ramp to bridge the distance between the dock and truck. It must be able to compensate for the up-and-down movement of the trailer during loading and unloading. A dock leveler must support extremely heavy loads, service a wide range of truck heights, and compensate for tilted trucks. A dock leveler includes a ramp and a lip. The ramp is hinged at along its rear edge, and the lip is hinged at the front of the ramp. To use a dock leveler, raise the ramp. The lip will swing out. With the lip extended, lower the ramp until the lip rests on the truck.

TECH TRENDS

FIRE INDUSTRY

Dock shelters: Dock Shelters provide an optimum seal between the internal and external environments, assisting in the reduction of energy consumption. Dock Shelters in combination with a Dock Levelers eliminate the need for a ramp and canopies and ease of operation. Avians offers CE certified Dock Shelters, available for all kind of usage and situation from the outside cold conditions or the chilled ones from outside heat and also from rain, breeze, snow and dirt. The vehicle reverses into the dock shelter which seals it off giving weather protection during the loading and unloading. Our range of Dock Shelters and Dock Seals such as retractable dock shelters and inflatable dock shelters form an effective seal between the truck, trailer and building and are best suited to sites where a stringent seal

is needed.

Sectional Overhead Doors Sectional doors are the new generation doors used in place of conventional rolling shutters where aesthetics is important along with safety & durability. These doors are widely used in manufacturing industries, cold storages, warehouses, automobile industries, Storages, warehouses. These doors are made of PUF Insulated panels hence maintains temperature & having thickness up to 40/80 mm enable to be install places exposed to higher wind loads. Panels have finger safe design. Being higher thickness is sturdy, stable & can be used for high usage as compared to conventional rolling shutters. Thanks to the flexibility to have various fixing arrangement, possible to fix suitable to site with various inclinations having large openings.

Sectional doors with full transparent panels are available to be widely used in showrooms & manufacturing units where full clear vision is required along with aesthetics & safety features. Three types of fittings makes door to be used for any type of space available. Combination of Sectional doors, dock leveler & dock shelter forms a single source for any industry as a loading bay solution. Through various industries long experience Avians has executed various combinations of sectional doors, dock levelers, dock house & dock shelters.

For more information, Website: www.avians.co.in MAY 2019 | INDUSTRIAL SAFETY REVIEW

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