Crossword

plants. According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, in ideal conditions, kelp can grow up to 18 inches per day, and in stark contrast to the colorful and slow-growing corals, the giant kelp canopies tower above the ocean floor. The investigation is being led by the theory that kelp is potentially perfect for making bioethanol, but it grows in sunlight-soaked water. Surface water in the open ocean lacks nutrients compared to the concentration of nutrients in deeper waters. The process of utilizing both depths of water is now called the “kelp elevator.”

A test buoy and a winch have been placed off the coast of Catalina Island, where USC biologists have attached kelp to an underwater boom. For 104 days, the contraption let the kelp bathe on the water’s surface during the day to absorb sunlight and was drawn into deep nutrient-rich depths at night.

A 2019 study found that the kelp not only survived in the lower depths but also grew four times faster once it returned to the surface.

A plan is being developed to build an ocean farm using solar-powered drone submarines to harvest the kelp four times a year without the standard farming requirements of land, fresh water, fertil- izers, and pesticides. This process could mean millions of tons of biomass replacing liquid fossil fuels.

For more information, visit https:// dornsife-wrigley.usc.edu/.

7. --- bean

8. Takes a form of industrial action

9. Utah railroad hub

10. Display 11. Drones

20. Fodder holder

25. Purple stone

27. Versions

29. Arrangement holder

31. Spinning stick

32. Los Angeles suburb

33. Slough of ---

35. Fashionable communicator

37. Be a busybody

38. Baffled

40. “--- to bed”

1. Champagne cocktails 2. Most desiccated 3. Dune buggy 4. Great, off Australia 5. Made without leavening 6. Stiffen