Doublew Education Alankar Hindi Reader - 2 (Ch 1-5) by Doublew Education

(Text-cum-Workbook)

MkWú egs'k HkVukxj

MkWú jek ik.Ms

,eú,ú ih&,púMh (fganh)

Hkk"kk osQ ekè;e ls ge vius fopkjksa dk vknku&iznku djrs gSaA tUe ls gh f'k'kq fdlh&u&fdlh :i esa Hkk"kk ls tqM+us yxrk gSA laosQrksa vkSj èofu fo'ks"k ls ekuo dk ifjp; ekSf[kd Hkk"kk ls gksus yxrk gSA fon~;ky; esa Nk=k fofHkUu izdkj osQ Hkk"kk;h dkS'ky_ tSlsµlquuk] cksyuk] i<+uk&fy[kuk ls u osQoy voxr gksrk gS_ cfYd /hjs&/hjs muesa fodkl dj fln~/gLr izkIr djus dk iz;kl djrk gSA vkt fganh u osQoy jk"Vªh; vfirq varjkZ"Vªh; Lrj ij Hkh yksdfiz; curh tk jgh gSA blfy, fganh fo"k; ij vkSj vf/d dk;Z djus dh vko';drk gSA ^^vyadkj fganh ikB~;iqLrd** Ük`a[kyk dks d{kk 1 ls 8 rd mi;qZDr ckrksa dks fo'ks"k :i ls è;ku esa j[kdj cukus dk iz;kl fd;k x;k gSA vf/d&ls&vf/d Hkk"kk dk 'kqn~/ iz;ksx] ljy ,oa jkspd izlaxksa dk p;u] 'kCn iz;ksx osQ fu;e] vU; Hkk"kkvksa osQ 'kCnksa dk iz;ksx rFkk vU; Hkk"kkvksa dk fganh Hkk"kk ij izHkko vkfn ls ikBdksa dks ifjfpr djk;k x;k gSA iqLrdksa esa jkspd dgkfu;k¡] dfork,¡] ukVd] fp=kdFkk] fxurh] O;kdj.k ls lacaf/r vH;kl iz'u rFkk ikB;sRrj xfrfof/;k¡ u osQoy cPpksa osQ vkd"kZ.k dk osaQnz gSa_ cfYd muesa fganh Hkk"kk dh fofo/rk vkSj fo'ks"krk dks le>dj mlls izse djus osQ fy, ,d fof'k"V ekè;e dk dk;Z djrh gSaA izLrqr ikB~;iqLrd osQ lkFk vH;kl iqfLrdk dk lfEefyr :i gS ftlesa vH;kl osQ fy, Hkjiwj lkexzh lekfgr gSA gekjk iw.kZ fo'okl gS fd vki lcdks gekjk iz;kl jkspd vkSj vkd"kZd yxsxkA vkils fouez fuosnu gS fd iqLrd esa lq/kj gsrq gekjk ekxZn'kZu dj] gesa vf/d liQyrk vftZr djus esa viuk vewY; lg;ksx nsaA µizdk'kd

u;k losjk

chrh jkr mtkyk vk;k] lwjt u;k losjk yk;kA

pgosQ iaNh] egdha csysa]

vkvks lkFkh

ge lc [ksysaA

fudyh /wi] fleVrh Nk;k] lwjt u;k losjk yk;kA

gjh nwc ij

vksl pedrh]

iwQyksa ls

eksrh&lh >jrhA

xhr u;k fpfM+;ksa us xk;k] lwjt u;k losjk yk;kA Âµjkexksiky 'kekZ ^fnus'k*

vyadkj fganh ikB~;iqLrd&2

mtkyk µ jks'kuh fleVrh µ floqQM+rh nwc µ ,d izdkj dh ?kkl

egdha µ [kq'kcw nsus yxha Nk;k µ ijNkb± >jrh µ >M+rh

uhps fn, x, iz'uksa osQ mRrj nhft,µ (d) jkr chrus ij D;k vk;k gS\ ([k) iaNh us D;k fd;k\ (x) /wi fudyh rks Nk;k dks D;k gqvk\

1- cgqfodYih; iz'uµ 6

lgh mRrj osQ lkeus (3) dk fu'kku yxkb,µ (d) lwjt D;k yk;k gS\ u;k losjk v¡/sjk ?kVk ([k) losjk gksus ij D;k egdha\ pk¡nuh csysa jks'kuh (x) losjk gksus ij gjh nwc ij D;k pedrh gS\ Nk;k jks'kuh vksl vyadkj fganh ikB~;iqLrd&2

dfork dh iafDr;k¡ iwjh dhft,µ pgosQ egdha vkvks ge lc

uhps fn, x, iz'uksa osQ mRrj fyf[k,µ (d) lkfFk;ksa dks D;ksa cqyk;k tk jgk gS\ ([k) gjh nwc ij D;k ped jgh gS\ (x) fpfM+;ksa us D;k fd;k\

1- lwph esa ls lgh 'kCn pqudj myVs vFkZ okys 'kCn fyf[k,µ lI+ksQn fnu cM+k jkuh

jkr X jktk X

dkyk X NksVk X

2- leku èofu okys ,d&,d 'kCn fyf[k,µ vkuk µ eSuk µ rc µ >qd µ

vyadkj fganh ikB~;iqLrd&2

uhps fn, x, 'kCnksa dks lgh LFkku ij j[kdj okD; cukb,µ mnkgj.kµ jgh gS gks ckfj'kA ckfj'k gks jgh gSA (d) yks viuk dke djA ([k) jkuh] rksM+ iwQy erA (x) [kM+h lhek gSA

lqcg osQ n`'; ls lacaf/r pkj&Ng okD; fyf[k, vkSj pkVZ isij ij ml ij vk/kfjr fp=k Hkh cukb,A

vyadkj fganh ikB~;iqLrd&2

lPps iM+kslh

unh osQ fdukjs ,d ?kuk o`{k FkkA ml ij cgqr&ls i{kh vius&vius ?kksalyksa esa vius cPpksa osQ lkFk jgrs FksA mlh isM+ dh tM+ esa oqQN phafV;kยก Hkh jgrh FkhaA if{k;ksa vkSj phafV;ksa dk vkil esa cgqr izse FkkA phafV;ksa osQ cPps izfrfnu if{k;ksa osQ cPpksa ls feyus isM+ ij p<+ tkrs FksA ,d fnu 'kke dks phaVh dk ,d cPpk tc isM+ ls mrj jgk Fkk rks og uhps unh esa fxj x;kA ;g ns[kdj phafV;ksa us 'kksj epk;kA lHkh i{kh mlh vksj HkkxsA phaVh dh ekยก ls ,d cqtqxZ i{kh us dgk] ^^cgu] rqe fpark er djksA gekjs cPps rqEgkjs cPps dks vo'; cpk ysaxsA

vyadkj fganh ikB~;iqLrd&2

bl chp oqQN if{k;ksa us isM+ ls iRrs rksM+dj ikuh esa isaQd fn, vkSj phaVh osQ cPps ls dgk] ^^HkS;k] fgEer ugha gkjuk] ge lc rqEgkjs lkFk gSaA rqe fdlh rjg ,d iRrs ij p<+ tkvksA** phaVh dk cPpk dkI+kQh fgEerh FkkA og fdlh izdkj ls ,d iRrs ij p<+ x;k vkSj iRrs osQ lkFk cgrk jgkA vkxs ,d cM+k iRFkj Fkk] ikuh ogkยก tek gks jgk FkkA ikuh osQ lkFk vusd iRrs Hkh ogkยก tek gks x, FksA mQij ls i{kh Hkh mM+rs&mM+rs ogha tkdj iRFkj ij cSB x,A ekSdk ikdj ,d fpfM+;k us cgqr lko/kuh ls ml cPps dks viuh pksap ls mBk;k vkSj ys tkdj mlosQ ekrk&firk dks ns fn;kA phaVh osQ cPps osQ ekยก&cki us if{k;ksa dks /U;okn fn;kA bl ?kVuk dks gq, dkI+kQh fnu chr x,A ,d fnu ,d f'kdkjh ny&cy osQ lkFk unh ij ikuh ihus vk;kA rHkh mldh n`f"V isM+ ij iM+hA if{k;ksa osQ ?kksalyksa dks ns[kdj og vius lkfFk;ksa ls cksyk] ^^rqe yksx ;gha #dksA vkt bu if{k;ksa osQ vaMksa ls gh ge lcdh nkor gksxhA** bruk dgdj og isM+ ij

vyadkj fganh ikB~;iqLrd&2

p<+us yxkA mldh ;g ckr isM+ dh tM+ esa jgusokyh phafV;ksa us lqu yhA mUgksaus vkil esa fu.kZ; fd;k fd gekjs fe=kksa ij ladV vkusokyk gSA vr% mudh j{kk djuh pkfg,A os lc vius fcyksa ls fudyha vkSj isM+ ij p<+dj f'kdkjh ij geyk cksy fn;kA f'kdkjh ?kcjkdj tYnh ls uhps mrj x;k vkSj vius lkfFk;ksa osQ lkFk ogk¡ ls Hkkx x;kA bl rjg if{k;ksa n~okjk fd, x, midkj dk cnyk phafV;ksa us mudh enn djosQ pqdk;kA nksuksa us vius&vius iM+kslh /eZ dk ikyu fd;kA f'k{kkµeqlhcr esa lPps fe=kksa dh enn vo'; djuh pkfg,A

izfrfnu µ jks”k cqtqxZ µ o`n~/] cw<+k vo'; µ ”k:j fgEerh µ lkglh n`f"V µ u”kj

uhps fn, x, iz'uksa osQ mRrj nhft,µ (d) phafV;ksa osQ fe=k dkSu Fks\ ([k) if{k;ksa dh fe=krk fdlls Fkh\ (x) isM+ dgk¡ Fkk\ (?k) i{kh dgk¡ jgrs Fks\

vyadkj fganh ikB~;iqLrd&2

fu.kZ; ladV j{kk ?kcjkdj midkj

µ I+kSQlyk µ ijs'kkuh] eqlhcr µ lqj{kk] cpko µ Mjdj] ijs'kku gksdj µ HkykbZ

cgqfodYih; iz'uµ lgh mRrj osQ lkeus lgh (3) dk fu'kku yxkb,µ (d) phafV;k¡ dgk¡ jgrh Fkha\ isM+ dh tM+ esa isM+ osQ rus ij isM+ osQ iRrksa ij ([k) ,d fnu phaVh dk cPpk fxjkµ unh esa oqQ,¡ esa ukyh esa (x) if{k;ksa osQ vaMs ysus osQ fy, isM+ ij dkSu p<+k\ HksfM+;k f'kdkjh rasnqvk

fjDr LFkku Hkfj,µ (d) unh osQ fdukjs ,d ?kuk FkkA ([k) phaVh osQ cPps dks unh esa fxjk ns[kdj us 'kksj epk;kA (x) phaVh osQ cPps osQ ek¡&cki us if{k;ksa dks fn;kA (?k) if{k;ksa osQ vaMs ysus osQ fy, isM+ ij p<+us yxkA

uhps fn, x, iz'uksa osQ mRrj fyf[k,µ (d) phafV;ksa osQ cPps fdlls feyus dgk¡ tkrs Fks\ ([k) phaVh osQ cPps dh enn fdlus dh\ (x) if{k;ksa osQ vaMs ysus osQ fy, fy, isM+ ij dkSu p<+k\

vyadkj fganh ikB~;iqLrd&2

(?k) if{k;ksa osQ vaMksa dh j{kk fdlus dh\

uhps fn, x, 'kCnksa osQ leku vFkZ okys 'kCn fyf[k,µ unh µ cqtqxZ µ o`{k µ ladV µ fe=k µ enn µ

2- js[kk [khapdj uhps fn, x, 'kCnksa dk muosQ myVs vFkZ okys 'kCnksa ls feyku dhft,µ ekek gfFkuh HkkbZ egkjkuh gkFkh ekeh egkjkt cfgu 1- ^<+* vkSj ^M+* osQ cksyus osQ varj dks lef>,µ c<+bZ µ dM+kbZ c<+ µ tM+ tM+ µ p<+ jxM+ µ p<+kbZ cqf<+;k µ xqfM+;k 2- è;ku jf[k,µ^l*] ^'k* vkSj ^"k* osQ cksyus esa Hkh varj gksrk gSA tc vki lgh cksysaxs rHkh lgh fy[ksaxsA ugha rks vFkZ dk vuFkZ gksuk r; gSA lgh 'kCn ij lgh (3) dk fu'kku yxkb, µ (d) ?kksalyk ([k) lqcg (x) euq"; ?kksa"kyk 'kqcg euqL; vyadkj fganh ikB~;iqLrd&2

(?k) 'kkar lkar

(Ä) ckfj'k ckfj"k

fuEufyf[kr esa ^b* ;k ^bZ* dh ek=kk (f & h) yxkdj 'kCn cukb,µ

iu j

p M+;k

(p) [kq"k [kq'k

eNy

l <+ rry rudk

vyadkj fganh ikB~;iqLrd&2

pkykd x/kk

,d O;kikjh FkkA og ,d txg ls lkeku [kjhnrk vkSj mls nwljh txg csp nsrkA mlosQ ikl ,d x/k Fkk] ftldk uke FkkµxV:A O;kikjh mlh ij lkeku ykndj ykrk vkSj ys tkrkA ,d fnu O;kikjh us lquk fd ck”kkj esa ued cgqr de nke esa fcd jgk gSA mlus ck”kkj ls cgqr&lk ued [kjhnk vkSj xV: dh ihB ij ykn fn;kA ^vkt ekfyd us ;g D;k [kjhndj ykn fn;k\ ;g rks bruk Hkkjh gS fd eSa mBk Hkh ugha ldrkA* xV: us eu esa lkspkA

vyadkj fganh ikB~;iqLrd&2

xV: fdlh rjg [kqn dks ?klhVrk gqvk vius ekfyd osQ vkxs py jgk FkkA oqQN nwjh ij ,d unh FkhA ml ij ydM+h dk ,d iqy cuk FkkA tc os iqy ij ls unh ikj djus yxs rks vpkud xV: dk iSj fiQly x;k vkSj og ikuh esa fxj x;kA fdlh rjg iwjh rkdr yxkdj og mBk rks mls vkHkkl gqvk fd mlosQ ihB dk o”ku de gks x;kA og cgqr [kq'k gqvkA oqQN fnu ckn O;kikjh fiQj xV: dks lkFk ysdj ued [kjhnus x;kA bl ckj Hkh cks> vf/d FkkA tc xV: vkSj O;kikjh unh ikj djus yxs rks xV: tku&cw>dj fiQj mlh txg ij fiQlykA ued unh osQ ikuh esa ?kqy x;k

ftlls o”ku fiQj de gks x;kA bl ckj O;kikjh xV: dh pkykdh le> x;kA O;kikjh us eu esa lkspk] ^blus esjk cgqr uqdlku dj fn;k] vc eSa bls lcd fl[kkm¡QxkA* vxyh ckj O;kikjh us :bZ [kjhnh vkSj x/s dh ihB ij ykn nhA xV: us lkspk] ^bl ckj rks o”ku oSls Hkh de gS] ikuh esa ?kqydj vkSj de gks 16

vyadkj fganh ikB~;iqLrd&2

tk,xkA* xV: eu&gh&eu [kq'k gqvkA unh osQ iqy ij igq¡pdj og tku&cw>dj ikuh esa fxj x;kA /hjs&/hjs :bZ esa ikuh Hkj x;k vkSj og vf/d Hkkjh gks xbZA vc xV: us lkspk] ^vksgks! ;g eSaus D;k fd;k\ eSa rks cks> ls nck tk jgk gw¡A* xV: jkLrs esa cgqr Fkd x;k vkSj fdlh rjg /hjs&/hjs pyrk gqvk ?kj igq¡pkA bl izdkj viuh gh pkykdh ls mls lcd feykA mlus r; dj fy;k fd vc fiQj dHkh og tku&cw>dj unh esa ugha fxjsxkA f'k{kkµvPNh rjg lksp&fopkj dj viuk dk;Z djuk pkfg,A

vpkud µ ,dne cks> µ Hkkj tku&cw>dj µ lksp&le>dj

uhps fn, x, iz'uksa osQ mRrj nhft,µ (d) O;kikjh lkeku [kjhnus fdls ysdj x;k\ ([k) D;k xV: igyh ckj unh esa tku&cw>dj fxjk Fkk\ (x) xV: osQ ikuh esa fxjus ij ued dk D;k gqvk\

vyadkj fganh ikB~;iqLrd&2

pkykdh µ gksf'k;kjh lcd µ lh[k

cgqfodYih; iz'uµ lgh mRrj osQ lkeus lgh (3) dk fu'kku yxkb,µ (d) O;kikjh osQ ikl ,d Fkkµ x/k ?kksM+k gkFkh ([k) ck”kkj esa de nke esa D;k fey jgk Fkk\ diM+k [kkuk ued (x) var esa O;kikjh us D;k [kjhnh\ :bZ lwbZ mQu

uhps fn, x, iz'uksa osQ mRrj fyf[k,µ (d) O;kikjh dks ck”kkj esa D;k lLrk feyus dh [kcj feyh\ ([k) ued ikuh esa ?kqyus ij xV: dks oSQlk yxk\ (x) vkxs ls xV: us D;k ugha djus dk fopkj fd;k\

o.kks± dks tksM+dj 'kCn cukb,µ lk $ ek $ u ¾ lkeku ek $ fy $ d ¾ x $ V $ : ¾ uq $ d $ lk $ u ¾ u $ e $ d ¾ l $ c $ d ¾

vyadkj fganh ikB~;iqLrd&2

2- js[kk [khapdj uhps fn, x, 'kCnksa dk muosQ myVs vFkZ okys 'kCnksa ls feyku dhft,] if<+,] lef>, vkSj fn, x, ckWDl esa fyf[k,µ vf/d cspuk (d) vf/d X de Hkhrj csoowQI+kQ ([k) Hkhrj X /hjs de (x) /hjs X [kjhnuk rs”k (?k) [kjhnuk X pkykd ckgj (Ä) pkykd X 3-

uhps fn, x, 'kCnksa osQ leku vFkZ okys 'kCn fyf[k,µ vkleku µ eqf'dy µ ikuh µ pkykdh µ Je µ

uhps fn, x, 'kCnksa dk vius okD;ksa esa iz;ksx dhft,µ (d) pkykdh µ ([k) vf/d µ (x) lcd µ (?k) Hkkjh µ

js[kk

[khapdj uhps vè;kid nthZ ukbZ Mªkboj

vyadkj fganh ikB~;iqLrd&2

fn, x, yksxksa dk muosQ dk;ks± ls feyku dhft,µ cky dkVus okyk xkM+h pykus okyk diM+s flyus okyk LowQy esa i<+kus okyk 19

3- dks"Bdksa esa fn, x, 'kCnksa dh lgk;rk ls lgh 'kCn pqudj fjDr okD; iwjs dhft,µ (d) O;kikjh osQ ikl ,d FkkA (x/k@?kksM+k) ([k) ued cgqr nke esa fcd jgk FkkA (de@vf/d) (x) unh osQ ikuh esa ?kqy x;kA (ued@'kgn) (?k) cks> de gksus ij xV: gqvkA ([kq'k@ijs'kku) 4- uhps fn, x, 'kCn&lewgksa esa dkSu&lk 'kCn vius lewg ls vyx gS mls nh xbZ [kkyh txg esa fyf[k,µ (d) x/k] ?kksM+k] xk;] m¡QV] eNyh ([k) vkyw] VekVj] xktj] vke] ikyd (x) dey] xqykc] uhe] xsank] lwjteq[kh (?k) ,d] yky] nks] rhu] pkj

lkspdj crkb,µ ,d fdyks :bZ vkSj ,d fdyks ued esa ls fdldk o”ku T;knk gksxk\ mRrjµ

vyadkj fganh ikB~;iqLrd&2

[kjxks'k vkSj gkFkh

,d taxy esa ,d ljksoj FkkA ljksoj osQ fdukjs xhyh ”kehu FkhA ogk¡ cgqr&ls [kjxks'k jgrs FksA [kjxks'kksa osQ fcy ”kehu osQ vanj FksA os fnu&Hkj b/j&m/j owQnrs jgrs FksA uje&uje ?kkl [kkrs FksA jkr dks os vius fcyksa esa lks tkrs FksA os lc cgqr izlUu jgrs FksA mlh taxy esa oqQN gkFkh vk x,A gkfFk;ksa osQ >qaM esa oqQN gkFkh 'kjkjrh Hkh FksA os viuh lw¡M+ ls NksVs&NksVs isM+ rksM+ nsrsA ikS/ksa dks oqQpy nsrsA gkFkh ikuh ls cgqr I;kj djrs gSaA os lw¡M+ esa ikuh Hkj&Hkj dj ugkrs] fiQj ljksoj osQ fdukjs

vyadkj fganh ikB~;iqLrd&2

xhyh feV~Vh esa yksV yxkrsA uje ”kehu muosQ Hkkj ls nc tkrhA lkFk gh dbZ [kjxks'k ifjokj Hkh nc tkrsA blls [kjxks'k cgqr nq[kh FksA [kjxks'kksa osQ ljnkj us ,d mik; lkspkA oqQN pqus gq, [kjxks'kksa osQ lkFk og gkfFk;ksa osQ ljnkj osQ ikl x;kA oqQN nwjh ij cSBdj [kjxks'kksa osQ ljnkj us vius ik¡o mBk,A mlus gkfFk;ksa osQ ljnkj dks gkFk tksM+dj iz.kke fd;kA gkFkh us lw¡M+ mBkdj ueLdkj dk mRrj fn;kA [kjxks'kksa dk ljnkj cksyk] ^^ge pk¡n osQ Hkk¡ts gSaA pk¡n esa vki gekjs HkkbZ&ca/qvksa dks ns[k ldrs gSaA gekjs oqQN HkkbZ /jrh ij jgus vk, gSaA pank ekek gels feyus jks”k ljksoj esa vkrs gSaA os vkils ukjk”k gSaA** gkfFk;ksa dk ljnkj cksyk] ^^D;k os gels! D;kas ukjk”k gSa\ geus D;k fd;k\** [kjxks'kksa osQ ljnkj us gkfFk;ksa osQ ljnkj ls cksyk] ^^ljksoj osQ lehi uje

vyadkj fganh ikB~;iqLrd&2

feV~Vh esa lqjk[k djosQ geus vius ?kj cuk, gSaA vkiosQ vkus ls lqjk[k nc x,] ftlls pank ekek osQ cgqr&ls Hkk¡ts nc x,A blfy, os vkils cgqr ukjk”k gSaA** [kjxks'kksa dk ljnkj vkxs cksyk] ^^os jkr dks ljksoj esa vk,¡xs vkSj mUgsa ;g ns[kdj vPNk ugha yxsxkA** jkr gqbZ! iw.kZeklh dk pk¡n fudykA gok rs”k Fkh ftlls ljksoj esa gYdh&gYdh ygjsa mB jgh FkhaA pk¡n dk izfrfcac Hkh ygjksa osQ lkFk mQij&uhps gks jgk FkkA gkFkh vkSj [kjxks'k nksuksa vius >qaMksa esa ogk¡ igq¡psA [kjxks'kksa dk ljnkj cksyk] ^^nsf[k, egkjkt] pank ekek xqLls esa dk¡i jgs gSaA vki tYnh ;gk¡ ls nwj pys tk,¡A yxrk gS] ekek th T;knk gh ukjk”k gks x, gSaA gkfFk;ksa osQ ljnkj us vius >qaM dh rjI+kQ ns[kkA lHkh Mjs gq, FksA ljnkj us viuh lw¡M+ mQij mBkbZA lHkh gkfFk;ksa us ,slk gh fd;kA vc ljnkj cksyk] ^^pedrs gq, pk¡n th dks gekjk ueLdkj! ge viuh xyrh ekurs gq, vkils {kek pkgrs gSaA vki ge lHkh dks {kek djsaA ge vHkh nwljs taxy esa pys tkrs gSaA vc ,slk dke ugha djsaxs ftlls nwljksa dks rdyhI+kQ gksA** f'k{kkµgesa ,slk dksbZ Hkh dk;Z ugha djuk pkfg, ftlls nwljksa dks rdyhI+kQ igq¡psA

ljksoj µ izlUu µ >qaM µ oqQpyuk µ Hkkj µ iz.kke µ

vyadkj fganh ikB~;iqLrd&2

rkykc [kq'k lewg nckuk o”ku ueLrs

/jrh lehi lwjk[k izfrfcac {kek rdyhI+kQ

µ µ µ µ µ µ

”kehu ikl Nsn ijNkb± ekI+kQh ijs'kkuh 23

uhps fn, x, iz'uksa osQ mRrj nhft,µ (d) ljksoj dgk¡ Fkk\ ([k) ljksoj osQ fdukjs dh ”kehu oSQlh Fkh\ (x) [kjxks'kksa dk ljnkj fdlosQ ikl x;k\

cgqfodYih; iz'uµ lgh mRrj osQ lkeus (3) dk fu'kku yxkb,µ (d) [kjxks'k D;k [kkrs Fks\ uje&uje ?kkl Hkqus pus yky&yky lsc ([k) gkfFk;ksa osQ >qaM esa oqQN gkFkhµ i<+s&fy[ks Fks lh/s&lk/s Fks 'kjkjrh Fks (x) [kjxks'kksa osQ ljnkj us Lo;a dks crk;kµ pk¡n dk Hkk¡tk taxy dk jktk ns'k dk iz/kuea=kh

fjDr LFkku Hkfj,µ (d) [kjxks'kksa osQ fcy ([k) pank ekek vkils (x) iw.kZeklh dk

osQ vanj FksA gSaA fudykA vyadkj fganh ikB~;iqLrd&2

fdlus] fdlls dgk\ (d) ^^ge pk¡n osQ Hkk¡ts gSaA** fdlus dgk\ fdlls dgk\ ([k) ^^D;k! os gels D;ksa ukjk”k gSa\ geus D;k fd;k gS\** fdlus dgk\ fdlls dgk\ (x) ^^yxrk gS] ekek th T;knk gh ukjk”k gks x, gSaA** fdlus dgk\ fdlls dgk\

uhps fn, x, iz'uksa osQ mRrj fyf[k,µ (d) [kjxks'k dgk¡ jgrs Fks\ ([k) [kjxks'k nq[kh D;ksa gks x,\ (x) [kjxks'kksa osQ ljnkj us D;k mik; lkspk\

1- uhps fy[ks 'kCnksa dks pqudj myVs vFkZ okys 'kCn fyf[k,µ 'k=kq [kq'k jkr nsj ls

fnu ukjk”k

X X

vyadkj fganh ikB~;iqLrd&2

tYnh fe=k

X X

js[kk [khapdj leku vFkZ okys 'kCnksa dk feyku dhft, vkSj fyf[k,µ izlUu lewg (d) izlUu µ [kq'k >qaM [kq'k ([k) >qaM µ lehi ”kehu (x) lehi µ /jrh ikl (?k) /jrh µ

js[kk [khapdj myVs vFkZ okys 'kCnksa ls lgh tksM+s cukb, vkSj fyf[k,µ HkkbZ nknh (d) HkkbZ cgu ekrk jkuh ([k) ekrk csVk firk (x) csVk nknk cgu (?k) nknk jktk csVh (Ä) jktk

2- ikB esa ls fdlh izk.kh] oLrq rFkk LFkku dk uke Nk¡Vdj fyf[k,µ izk.kh oLrq LFkku 3- 26

o.kZ vyx&vyx djosQ fyf[k,µ (d) ekek ¾ ek $ ek ([k) ukjk”k ¾ $ $ (x) ”kehu ¾ $ $ (?k) ljksoj ¾ $ $ (Ä) [kjxks'k ¾ $ $

$ $ vyadkj fganh ikB~;iqLrd&2

pkยกn dk dqjrk

gB dj cSBk pkยกn ,d fnu] ekrk ls og cksyk] flyok nks ekยก] eq>s mQu dk] eksVk ,d f>axksykA lu&lu pyrh gok jkr&Hkj] tkM+s ls ejrk gwยก] fBBqj&fBBqjdj fdlh rjg] ;k=kk iwjh djrk gwยกA vkleku dk lI+kQj vkSj ;g ekSle gS tkM+s dk] u gks vxj rks yk nks oqQjrk gh dksbZ HkkM+s dkA cPps dh lqu ckr] dgk ekrk us&vjs lyksus! oqQ'ky djs Hkxoku] yxs u rq>dks tknw&VksusA

vyadkj fganh ikB~;iqLrd&2

tkM+s dh rks ckr Bhd gS] ij eSa rks Mjrh gw¡] ,d uki esa dHkh ugha rq>dks ns[kk djrh gw¡A dHkh ,d vaxqy&Hkj pkSM+k] dHkh ,d iqQV eksVk] cM+k fdlh fnu gks tkrk gS] vkSj fdlh fnu NksVkA ?kVrk&c<+rk jks”k] fdlh fnu ,slk Hkh djrk gS] ugha fdlh dh vk¡[kksa dks rw fn[kykbZ iM+rk gSA vc rw gh ;g crk] uki fdl jks”k fyok,¡] lh nsa ,d f>axksyk tks gj jks”k cnu esa vk,A

gB µ f”kn f>axksyk µ <hyk pksaxk tkM+s µ ljnh fBBqjuk µ dk¡iuk lI+kQj µ ;k=kk 28

µjke/kjh flag ^fnudj* HkkM+s dk µ fdjk;s dk lyksus µ nqykjs oqQ'ky µ Hkyk uki µ vkdkj cnu µ 'kjhj vyadkj fganh ikB~;iqLrd&2

uhps fn, x, iz'uksa osQ mRrj nhft,µ (d) f”kn fdlus dh\ ([k) D;k ek¡ us vius csVs dks f”kn djus ij Mk¡Vk\ (x) csVs dh f”kn D;k Fkh\

cgqfodYih; iz'uµ lgh mRrj osQ lkeus (3) dk fu'kku yxkb,µ (d) ek¡ ls f”kn dkSu dj jgk Fkk\µ pk¡n lwjt rkjk ([k) pk¡n osQ f”kn djus ij mldh ek¡ us D;k fd;k\ xqLlk fd;k eqLoQjkbZ mls Hkxk fn;k (x) pk¡n dks D;k pkfg,\ oqQjrk izQkWd f[kykSus

2- dfork dh iafDr;k¡ iwjh dhft,µ vkleku dk ] tkM+s dk] u gks vxj HkkM+s dkA vyadkj fganh ikB~;iqLrd&2

3- uhps fn, x, iz'uksa osQ mRrj fyf[k,µ (d) pk¡n us viuh ek¡ ls D;k flyokus dks dgk\

([k) pk¡n dks D;k lrk jgh Fkh\

(x) ek¡ pk¡n osQ fy, oqQjrk D;ksa ugha flyok ikbZ\

1- myVs vFkZ okys 'kCn fyf[k,µ fnu X vkleku X

Bhd X ?kVrk X

2- leku vFkZ okys 'kCn fyf[k,µ tkM+s µ Mjrh µ

eksVk µ ?kVrk µ

1- uhps fn, x, 'kCn&lewgksa esa tks 'kCn vius lewg ls vyx gS] mls pqudj [kkyh txg esa fyf[k,µ (d) vkleku] rkjs] lwjt] unh] pk¡nA ([k) dey] yky] uhyk] ihyk] lI+ksQnA (x) isu] isafly] eVj] jcM+] dkWihA (?k) xk;] ?kksM+k] fcYyh] rksrk] gkFkhA (Ä) ek¡] HkkbZ] yM+dh] cfgu] pkphA 30

vyadkj fganh ikB~;iqLrd&2

lgh LFkku ij ^cSBk* ;k ^cSBh* fyf[k,µ gkFkh 'ksjuh yM+dh fgju ?kksM+k eSuk

uhps nh xbZ dfork if<+,] ;kn dhft, vkSj d{kk esa y; osQ lkFk lqukb,µ

pank ekek nwj osQ lkFk fy, vk, rkjs ped jgs fdrus lkjs jktegy esa txex tSls tyrs nhi diwj osQ pank ekek nwj osQA nwj&nwj fc[kjs rkjs yxrs gSa oSQls I;kjs fxjdj iSQy x, gksa tSls yM~Mw eksrhpwj osQ pank ekek nwj osQA

µfo'oizlkn nhf{kr ^cVqd*

vyadkj fganh ikB~;iqLrd&2