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Poisoning case of an Arabian Leopard (Panthera pardus nimr) at Wadi Noaman, North East of Makkah Al-Mukarramah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia By: Prof. Dr. Sc. Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher KhalafSakerfalke von Jaffa
The poisoned Arabian Leopard at Wadi Noaman, Saudi Arabia. http://sabq.org/KhSfde On Saturday 22nd February 2014 an Arabian leopard (Panthera pardus nimr Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1833) was poisoned at Bawadi Al-Noaman Village, Koshaa Al-Jawabrah Area, Wadi Noaman, North East of Makkah AlMukarramah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The poisoning of an Arabian leopard, an endangered species, by a shepherd to protect his camel herd in Bawadi AlNoaman Village in Makkah Al-Mukarramah, has shocked the Saudi National Wildlife Commission (SNWC) (Arab News). Gazelle : The Palestinian Biological Bulletin – Number 118 – October 2014
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The poisoned Arabian Leopard at Bawadi Al-Noaman Village, Wadi Noaman, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Photo by: Sultan Al-Hathli. 22.02.2014. https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=603659143056771&set=gm.3107816223804 82&type=1&theater Gazelle : The Palestinian Biological Bulletin – Number 118 – October 2014
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The shepherd Jbeir Al-Mutrefi (65 years) poisoned the camel carcass after it was found killed by a predator, in the belief that a wolf or stray dogs may have attacked the camel. Unfortunately, the predator turned out to be an Arabian leopard which has not been seen for decades (Arab News). The SNWC officials are questioning the shepherd besides launching a search for other leopards in the area. “No one has the right to poison any animal, endangered or otherwise. People should contact us or any other authority and we will take the necessary measures to protect both sides,” said Ahmed Al-Bouq, general manager of the SNWC. “We are now at the site and investigating the case. We have installed infrared cameras to see if there are more endangered animals in this area,” he said. In this case, the shepherd found one of his camels killed by an animal. “He chopped the camel and poisoned parts of its body thinking the predators could be stray dogs. But sadly, it was an Arabian Leopard and the shepherd himself was surprised when he came to know of this,” said Al-Bouq. “The shepherd had no right to poison any animal. We call such acts blind killing because he was not targeting a certain species but the whole circle of life,” he added (Arab News). Ahmed Al-Bouq confirmed that five Arabian leopards were killed in the same manner in Madinah, Taif, and southern provinces (Saudi Gazette). According to Al-Bouq, the commission was working hard to save the Arabian leopard from extinction through a three-pronged initiative. “One is the captive breeding, working with around 10 leopards,” he said. “The second measure involves research and study of wildlife by holding workshops and researches to learn more about the Arabian leopard and looking at ways and means to protect it. This also includes installing infra-red cameras and night vision cameras to monitor them and their movements,” he added. The third step is public awareness where the SNWC officials visit schools, universities and other educational institutes to educate people and spread awareness about this endangered animal (Arab News). Al-Bouq stated the SNWC has launched a program to conserve these animals at a cost of more than Saudi Riyal 7 million (Saudi Gazette). The program has resulted in the birth of three cubs that are now almost 10 months old. In addition, more than 70 cameras were placed in areas where Arabian leopards are believed to live. He pointed out the center has been searching for the past 20 years for live sightings of the leopards. Such sightings were made eight years ago on the Yemeni borders and in other areas inside the Kingdom (Saudi Gazette). The Arabian Leopard is found in Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Oman, and the UAE, and in smaller numbers in Jordan and Palestine (Arab News). Gazelle : The Palestinian Biological Bulletin – Number 118 – October 2014
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The poisoned Arabian Leopard at Bawadi Al-Noaman Village, Wadi Noaman, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Photo by: Sultan Al-Hathli. 22.02.2014. https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=603659376390081&set=gm.3107816223804 82&type=1&theater Gazelle : The Palestinian Biological Bulletin – Number 118 – October 2014
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The poisoned Arabian Leopard at Bawadi Al-Noaman Village, Wadi Noaman, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Photo by: Sultan Al-Hathli. 22.02.2014. https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=603659076390111&set=pcb.3107816223804 82&type=1&theater Gazelle : The Palestinian Biological Bulletin – Number 118 – October 2014
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“The total population of Arabian leopard may be less than 200 in the entire natural habitat, which is why we are trying our best to protect this species from getting extinct,” said Al-Bouq (Arab News).
The poisoned Arabian Leopard at Bawadi Al-Noaman Village, Wadi Noaman, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Photo by: Sultan Al-Hathli. 22.02.2014. https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=603659226390096&set=pcb.3107816223804 82&type=1&theater Gazelle : The Palestinian Biological Bulletin – Number 118 – October 2014
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After examination of the poisoned Arabian Leopard it was found that it was a 6-7 years old male (Akhbar Al-Buldan). ٔصم صجبح ٕٚو األحد ٔ 012.020.32فد يٍ انٓٛئخ انسعٕدٚخ نهحٛبح انفطزٚخ نًُطمخ َعًبٌ ٔ -انز ٙرعد أكجز ٔا ٍد ثًُطمخ يكخ انًكزيخ ٔرمع شًبل شزق انعبصًخ انًمدسخ ٔرمطٍ فٓٛب انعدٚد يٍ لجبئم ْذٚم -نهزحمٛك ف ٙلزم انًُز انعزث ٙانُبدر 2 ٔعهًذ "سجك" أَّ رى انعثٕر عهٗ انًُز انًمزٕل ف ٙيُطمخ "خشبع انجٕاثزِ"ٔ ،أُخذد ألٕال صبحت اإلثم انذ٘ َُسجذ إن ّٛارٓبيبد ثمزهّ ،ثعد أٌ رسجت ْذا انًُز فَ ٙفٕق عدد كجٛز يٍ اإلثم انزًٚ ٙهكٓب ،دٌٔ يعزفزّ َٕعٛخ ْذا انحٕٛاٌ انًفززس انذ٘ رسجت فَ ٙفٕلٓب 2 ٔلبنذ انًصبدر نـ"سجك" :إٌ أْم انمزٚخ لبيٕا ثبنزُبٔة عهٗ حزاسخ يٕاشٓٛى يٍ انحٕٛاَبد انًفززسخ انز ٙركثز ف ٙانًُطمخ ؛ عهٗ أيم أٌ ٚفزكٕا ثٓذا انحٕٛاٌ انًفززس انذ٘ رسجت فَ ٙفٕق عدد يٍ اإلثم ٔ ،اكزشف أْم سى رى ٔضعّ ف ٙإحدٖ انُٛبق انزٙ انًُطمخ ٔجٕد جثخ انًُز ثإحدٖ انًُبطك انججهٛخ ؛ يحزًه ٍٛأٌ سجت ٔفبرّ ُ فمدْب صبحجٓب َج ّزاء انفزك ثٓب يٍ حٕٛاٌ يفززس غٛز يعزٔف (صحٛفخ سجك اإلنكززَٔٛخ 2 )012.020.32
كشؾ جبٌر المطرفً "قاتل النمر العربً" ،العدٌد من التفاصٌل الجدٌدة بخصوص ما حدث فً وادي نعمان ، صباح ٌوم السبت 2 002.020.22 وقال "المطرفً" ،الذي شارؾ على العام الـ 43من عمره ،وال ٌملك هاتفا ً جواالً ،حٌث ت َّمت االستعانة بأحد أقاربه للتواصل معه هاتفٌا ً " :منذ ثالثة أعوام ونحن نعانً فً وادي الشقّ بنعمان من مقتل اإلبل أنا وأحد جٌرانً ،حٌث فقدنا أكثر من 0.ناقة تقدر قٌمتها بحوالً نصؾ ملٌون لاير ،منها سبعة من إبلً وما ٌقارب الـ 21ألحد جٌرانً داخل جبال وادي نعمان الشاهقة االرتفاع " 2 وٌعٌش جبٌر المطرفً ،فً وادي نعمان منذ أن فتحت عٌناه على الدنٌا ٌ ،متهن رعً اإلبل التً ال تزٌد على الـ 0.ناقة فقط وٌكتفً براتبه من الضمان االجتماعً والذي لم ٌتجاوز شهرٌا ً الـ 02..لاير ،للصرؾ على أبنائه العشرة ،فً حٌن ال ٌعتمد إال على نفسه وأبنائه فً رعاٌة اإلبل ومتابعتها من فترة ألخرى 2 وٌتابع "المطرفً" سرد قصته التً تناقلتها العدٌد من وسائل اإلعالم المحلٌة والعالمٌة " :بحثنا عن هذا السبع مراراً وتكراراً ؛ لنوقؾ خسائرنا المتواصلة ،ولكن لم نجده ،حٌث كان ٌختفً ألسابٌع وأحٌانا ً ألشهر متواصلة وٌظهر فً لٌلة واحدة ،وٌلتهم ما ٌجد أمامه من اإلبل ،والتً كانت تمضً لٌالً متواصلة فً األودٌة والجبال بحثا ً عن العشب ،ولم ٌكن ٌزعجها إال هذا السبع المفترس " 2 وأضاؾ "المطرفً" " :كنت أعتقد أنه ذئب ضخم ،حٌث لم ٌسبق أن أخبرتنا الحماٌة الفطرٌة بأن النمر ٌعٌش بالقرب منا ،حتى حدثت الحادثة األخٌرة والتً كانت القشة التً قصمت ظهر هذا السبع المفترس ،عندما صحوت صباح الجمعة ، 022.020.22ووجدت إحدى اإلبل ملقاة على األرض ،وقد هجم السبع المفترس على بطن الناقة والتهمه بالكامل ،ووجدت آثار هروب اإلبل بعٌداً عن الموقع ولم أجدها إال بعد مشقة كبٌرة ،وهً فً حالة من الهٌاج بعد هجوم السبع علٌها ،حٌث أعدتها للوادي وقررت أن أقضً على هذا السبع بالسم ،وهو ما األمرٌن من السباع التً تلتهم البهائم بشكل ٌتبعه أؼلب أبناء البادٌة فً مختلؾ مناطق المملكة عندما ٌعانون َّ مستمر " 2 وأردؾ "المطرفً" " :بعد صالة العصر تحدٌداً وضعت السم فٌما تبقى من ناقتً المقتولة ،وعدت لمنزلً للنوم ،وفً الصباح الباكر اتجهت ألرى ذلك السبع الؽادر فصعقت من هول المفاجأة عندما وجدت النمر العربً مقتوالً بجوار الناقة المسمومة ،وأخذته بكل صعوبة من موقعه حتى أوصلته إلى الوادي ،وعلقته على إحدى األشجار
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وفقا ً لعادات القبائل العربٌة التً دائما ً ما ُتعلِّق السباع لتطمئن أهل الماشٌة بأن السبع الذي فتك، الضخمة 2 " بماشٌتهم قد تم قتله ً فالجمٌع لم ٌكن ٌصدق أن النمر ٌعٌش ف، " عندما أنزلته للوادي تجمع علٌه المئات والتقطوا له الصور: وأفاد وفً صبٌحة، ولم ٌخبرنا أحد من الجهات المختصة، ً عاما ً تقرٌبا2. حٌث لم ٌره أحد منذ أكثر من، ذلك الوادي 2 " الٌوم التالً صحوت ولم أجد النمر فً مكانه وعلمت أن أحداً قد أخذه من موقعه رصاصة من الرشاش1. فهناك من أتهمنا بإطالق، " سامح هللا الناس: وقال، تهمة بٌعه،"ًونفى "المطرف 2 " ً وذلك لم ٌحدث إطالقا، وهناك من أتهمنً بأننً بعته ألحد التجار بمبلػ كبٌر، تجاهه حٌث جلسوا إلٌه، أن هٌئة الحماٌة الفطرٌة تعاملوا معه بإحترام، ًوٌؤكد "المطرفً" قاتل النمر العرب ً وما زالوا حتى الٌوم ٌترددون على موقع مقتل النمر ألخذ العدٌد من العٌنات الت، واستمعوا لقصته بالكامل 2 ٌحتاجونها ؛ إلجراء الدراسات الالزمة " ال: والذي تفاجأ بنبأ وجود عشرة نمور ؼٌره فً الجبال الممتدة بٌن "الطائؾ" و "مكة" قال، "ً"المطرف ولكنً أصبحت خائفا ً على أبنائً من، فأنا أعٌش فً هذا الوادي منذ ستة عقود ولن أرحل عنه، أعلم أٌن أذهب وحرصت على أن تعود اإلبل بالقرب من المنزل، ولذلك منعتهم من الذهاب لإلبل مسا ًء، هجمات النمور اللٌلٌة 2 " حتى ال تتكرر حوادث مقتلها مرة أخرى ً " : وأضاؾ، وأوضح "المطرفً" أنه اتفق مع الحماٌة الفطرٌة على اإلبالغ عن أي حوادث ؼرٌبة مستقبال وٌجب، أطلب من الجهات المختصة أن تحمٌنا من الحٌوانات المفترسة وخصوصا ً تلك القادرة على قتل اإلنسان 2 )032.020.22 شرٌطة أال تضر البشر " (صحٌفة سبق اإللكترونٌة، أن ٌضعوا طرٌقة للحفاظ علٌها
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Wildlife Centre, Sharjah Desert Park, United Arab Emirates. Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. Number 48. December 2005. pp. 1-9. Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. (in Arabic). Khalaf-von Jaffa, Norman Ali (2006). Der Asiatische oder Persische Löwe (Panthera leo persica). Gazelle : The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. Number 49, January 2006. pp. 1-5. Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. www.geocities.com/jaffacity/Asiatischer_Loewe.html Khalaf-von Jaffa, Norman Ali (2006). Felidae Palaestina: The Wild Cats of Palestine. Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. Number 52, April 2006. pp. 1-15. Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. http://archive.is/I9par Khalaf-von Jaffa, Norman Ali (2006). Der Asiatische oder Iranische Gepard (Acinonyx jubatus venaticus). Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. Number 53, May 2006. pp. 1-7. Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. http://archive.is/0NDhl Khalaf-von Jaffa, Norman Ali (2006). Die Rohrkatze (Felis chaus). Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. Number 54, June 2006. pp. 1-8. Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. http://archive.is/R9B7r Khalaf-von Jaffa, Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2006). Mammalia Palaestina: The Mammals of Palestine / Die Säugetiere Palästinas. Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. Number 55, Twenty-fourth Year, July 2006, Jumada AlThania 1427. pp. 1-46. Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. http://archive.is/xmclD Khalaf-von Jaffa, Norman Ali (2006). Mammalia Arabica. Eine Zoologische Reise in Palästina, Arabien und Europa zwischen 1980-2006 / Mammalia Arabica. A Zoological Journey in Palestine, Arabia and Europe between 1980-2006. ISBN 300-017294-7. Erste Auflage, Juli 2006, 484 pp. Norman Ali Khalaf, RilchingenHanweiler, Deutschland & Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. http://dr-norman-alikhalaf-books.webs.com/mammaliaarabica.htm Khalaf-von Jaffa, Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2006). The Asiatic or Persian Lion (Panthera leo persica) in Palestine. In: Mammalia Arabica. A Zoological Journey in Palestine, Arabia and Europe between 1980-2006. Erste Auflage, Juli 2006. Norman Ali Khalaf, Rilchingen-Hanweiler, Deutschland und Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. pp. 147-149. https://groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/Wild_Predators/conversations/topics /357 Khalaf-von Jaffa, Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2006). The Asiatic or Persian Lion (Panthera leo persica, Meyer 1826) in Palestine and the Arabian and Islamic Region. Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. Number 58, October 2006, Ramadan 1427 H. pp. 1-13. Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. http://www.oocities.org/jaffacity/Asiatic_Lion.html.tmp Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2006). Ein Besuch im Neunkircher Zoo, Neunkirchen, Saarland, Deutschland / A Visit to Neunkirchen Zoo, Neunkirchen, Saarland, Germany. Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. Number 59, November 2006. pp.1-25. Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. (in Arabisch / Arabic). Gazelle : The Palestinian Biological Bulletin – Number 118 – October 2014
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http://khalaf.homepage24.de/Ein%20Besuch%20im%20Neunkircher%20Zoo%20Neunkirchen-%20Saarland-%20Deutschland Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2006). The Chinese Leopard (Panthera pardus japonensis, Gray 1862) in Neunkirchen Zoo, Neunkirchen, Saarland, Germany / Der Chinesische Leopard (Panthera pardus japonensis, Gray 1862) im Neunkircher Zoo, Neunkirchen, Saarland, Deutschland. Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. Number 60, December 2006. pp. 1-10. Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. http://leopard-pantherapardus.webs.com/chineseleopard.htm Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2007). Behavioural Observations on the Arabian Leopard (Panthera pardus nimr, Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1833) in the Arabia's Wildlife Centre, Desert Park, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. Number 61, January 2007, Thu Al-Hijja 1427 AH. pp. 1-14. Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. (Article in Arabic; References in English and German). http://khalaf.homepage24.de/Behavioural%20Observations%20on%20the% 20Arabian%20Leopard%20in%20the%20Arabia-s%20Wildlife%20Centre-% 20Sharjah-%20UAE Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2007). A Recent Record of the Arabian Sand Cat (Felis margarita harrisoni, Hemmer, Grubb and Groves 1976) from the Kuwaiti Desert, State of Kuwait. Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. Number 64, April 2007, Rabi'e Al-Awal 1428 AH. pp. 1-20. Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. (Article in Arabic; Abstract in English, Kurzfassung in Deutsch; References in English, German and Arabic). http://khalaf.homepage24.de/A%20Recent%20Record%20of%20the%20Arabian %20Sand%20Cat%20from%20the%20Kuwaiti%20Desert%20State%20of%20Kuwait Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2007). Qit Sahrawi (Desert Cat or Sand Cat). Wikipedia, Al-Mawsu'a Al-Hurra (The Free Encyclopedia). Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. Number 64, April 2007, Rabi'e Al-Awal 1428 AH. p. 21. Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. (Article in Arabic). http://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B7_%D8%B5%D8%AD%D8%B1% D8%A7% D9%88%D9%8A Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2007). The First Sight Record of the Arabian Sand Cat (Felis margarita harrisoni, Hemmer, Grubb and Groves 1976) from the Gaza Strip, Palestine. Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. Number 65, May 2007, Rabi'e Al-Akher 1428 AH. pp. 1-19. Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. (Article in English; Abstract in English and Arabic, Kurzfassung in Deutsch; References in English, German and Arabic). https://de.groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/katzen/conversations/topics/1785 Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2007). The Presence Gazelle : The Palestinian Biological Bulletin – Number 118 – October 2014
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of the Arabian Sand Cat (Felis margarita harrisoni) in the State of Qatar. Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. Number 65, May 2007, Rabi'e Al-Akher 1428 AH. p. 20. Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. https://groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/Wild_Predators/conversations/topics /664 & http://archive.is/gKhv6 Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2007). Die Sandkatze oder Wüstenkatze (Felis margarita, Loche 1858). Gazelle: Das Palästinensische Biologische Bulletin. Nummer 66, Juni 2007, Jamada Al-Ulla 1428 AH. Seiten 113. Sharjah, Vereinigte Arabische Emirate. (Article in German; References in English, German and Arabic). http://www.geocities.com/jaffacity/Sandkatze.html Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2007). Haywanat Filistin (The Animals of Palestine). Wikipedia, Al-Mawsu'a Al-Hurra (The Free Encyclopedia). Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. 2007. http://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86% D8%A7%D8% AA_%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%8A%D9%86 Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2007). Sanuriyat (Felidae). Wikipedia, Al-Mawsu'a Al-Hurra (The Free Encyclopedia). Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. 2007. (Article in Arabic). http://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D 8%A7%D8%AA Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2007). Der Karakal oder Wüstenluchs (Caracal caracal, von Schreber 1776). Gazelle: Das Palästinensische Biologische Bulletin. Nummer 67, Juli 2007, Jamada Al-Akhera 1428 AH. Seiten 1-12. Sharjah, Vereinigte Arabische Emirate. (Article in German; References in English, German and Arabic). http://www.geocities.com/jaffacity/Karakal.html Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2007). Um Rishat (Caracal or Desert Lynx). Wikipedia, Al-Mawsu'a Al-Hurra (The Free Encyclopedia). Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. 2007. (Article in Arabic). http://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%85_%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B4% D8%A7%D8%AA Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2007). The Arabian Sand Cat (Felis margarita harrisoni, Hemmer, Grubb and Groves 1976) in Palestine. Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. 2007. http://www.geocities.com/jaffacity/Palestine_Sand_Cat.html Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2007). Die Sandkatze oder Wüstenkatze (Felis margarita, Loche 1858). Gazelle: Das Palästinensische Biologische Bulletin. 2007. (Article in German; References in English, German and Arabic). http://www.geocities.com/jaffacity/Sandkatze.html Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2007). Behavioural Gazelle : The Palestinian Biological Bulletin – Number 118 – October 2014
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Observations on the Arabian Sand Cat (Felis margarita harrisoni, Hemmer, Grubb and Groves 1976) at Al Ain Zoo, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates. Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. 2007. (Article in Arabic; References in English and German). Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2007). Behavioural Observations on the Arabian Sand Cat (Felis margarita harrisoni, Hemmer, Grubb and Groves 1976) at the Arabia's Wildlife Centre, Desert Park, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. 2007. (Article in Arabic; References in English and German). Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2007). Felidae Arabica. A Zoological Journey in Palestine, Arabia and Europe between 19802007 / Felidae Arabica. Eine Zoologische Reise in Palästina, Arabien und Europa zwischen 1980-2007. ISBN 978-3-00-019568-6. Erste Auflage (First Edition), Juli 2007, 300 pp. Norman Ali Khalaf, Rilchingen-Hanweiler, Deutschland & Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. (in Arabic, German and English). http://dr-norman-alikhalaf-books.webs.com/felidaearabica.htm Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Dr. Sc. Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2008). The Story of Sabrina, the Gaza Zoo Lioness. Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. Number 73, January 2008. pp. 1-20. Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. https://de.groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/Raubkatzen/conversations/topics/ 86 Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Dr. Sc. Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (Text) and Nora Norman Ali Bassam Khalaf (Drawings) (2008). Qisset Al-Labu'a Sabrina fi Hadiqet Haywanat Ghaza (The Story of Sabrina, the Gaza Zoo Lioness). Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. (Story in Arabic). http://khalaf.homepage24.de/The%20Story%20of%20Sabrina,%20the%20Gaza %20Zoo%20Lioness Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Dr. Sc. Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (Text) and Nora Norman Ali Bassam Khalaf (Drawings) (2008). Qisset Al-Labu'a Sabrina fi Hadiqet Haywanat Ghaza / The Story of Sabrina, the Gaza Zoo Lioness. First Edition. Dr. Norman Ali Khalaf-vonJaffa, Rilchingen-Hanweiler, Germany & Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. (Publication in Summer 2008, in Arabic and English). ISBN 978-9948-03-603-6. English article Website: http://www.geocities.com/jaffacity/Gaza_Lioness_Sabrina.html & Arabic Story Website: http://khalaf.homepage24.de/The%20Story%20of% 20Sabrina,%20the%20Gaza%20Zoo%20Lioness Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Dr. Sc. Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2008). The Zanzibar Leopard (Panthera pardus adersi, Pocock 1932). Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. Number 74, February 2008. pp. 1-13. Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. http://leopard-panthera-pardus.webs.com/zanzibarleopard.htm Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Dr. Sc. Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2008). Nimer Zanjibar (Zanzibar Leopard). Wikipedia, Al-Mawsu'a Al- Hurra (The Free Gazelle : The Palestinian Biological Bulletin – Number 118 – October 2014
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Encyclopedia). Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. Number 74, February 2008. Page 14. Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. (Article in Arabic). http://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%85%D8%B1_%D8%B2%D9%86%D 8%AC%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1 Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Dr. Sc. Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2008). Leopard Stamps from Zanzibar and Tanzania. Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. Number 75, March 2008. pp. 1-4. Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Dr. Sc. Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2008). The Sri Lanka leopard (Panthera pardus kotiya, Deraniyagala 1956). Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. Number 76, April 2008. pp. 1-17. Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. http://leopard-panthera-pardus.webs.com/srilankaleopard.htm Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Dr. Sc. Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2008). Nimer Sri Lanka (Sri Lanka leopard). Wikipedia, Al-Mawsu'a Al-Hurra (The Free Encyclopedia). Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. Number 76, April 2008. Page 18. Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. (in Arabic). http://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%85%D8%B1_%D8%B3%D8%B1% D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%83%D8%A7 Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Dr. Sc. Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2008). The Persian or Iranian Leopard (Panthera pardus saxicolor, Pocock 1927). Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. Number 77, May 2008. pp. 1-15. Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. http://leopard-panthera-pardus.webs.com/persianleopard.htm Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Dr. Sc. Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2008). Royal White Tigers (Panthera tigris, Linnaeus 1758) at Zoo d'Amnéville (Amneville Zoo), Amneville, Lorraine, France. Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. Number 78, June 2008. Pp. 1-26. Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. https://groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/WildCats_/conversations/topics/907 Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Dr. Sc. Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2008). Nimer Farisi (Persian leopard). Wikipedia, Al-Mawsu'a Al-Hurra (The Free Encyclopedia). Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. (in Arabic). http://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%85%D8%B1_%D9%81%D8%A7% D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%8A Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Dr. Sc. Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher. Zoologist, Ecologist and Geologist: The Scientific References (1980-2008). http://drnorman-ali-khalaf-references.webs.com/ Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Dr. Sc. Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2008). Carnivora Arabica. A Zoological Journey in Palestine, Arabia and Europe between 2005-2008. / Carnivora Arabica. Eine Zoologische Reise in Palästina, Arabien und Europa zwischen 2005-2008. First Edition, September 2008, Ramadan 1429 AH. 396 pps. Publisher: Dr. Norman Ali Khalaf, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates & Rilchingen-Hanweiler, Federal Republic of Germany. ISBN 9789948-03-459-9. (In Arabic, English and German). http://dr-norman-ali-khalafbooks.webs.com/carnivoraarabica.htm Gazelle : The Palestinian Biological Bulletin – Number 118 – October 2014
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Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Dr. Sc. Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2008). Carnivora Palaestina: The Carnivores of Palestine / Die Raubtiere Palästinas. Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. Number 82, October 2008, Shawal 1429 AH. pp. 1-25. Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. https://de.groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/Fauna_Arabica/conversations/mes sages/31 Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Dr. Sc. Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2009). Flora and Fauna in Palestine. Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. Number 91, July 2009, Rajab 1430 AH. pp. 1-31. Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. http://florafauna-palestine.webs.com/ Khalaf-von Jaffa, Dr. Norman Ali Bassam (2009). Fauna Palaestina – Part One. A Zoological Journey in Palestine, Arabia and Europe between 1983 – 2006 / Fauna Palaestina – Teil Eins. Eine Zoologische Reise in Palästina, Arabien und Europa zwischen 1983 – 2006. ISBN 978-9948-03-865-8. Erste Auflage/First Edition, September 2009: 412 Seiten/Pages. Self Publisher: Dr. Norman Ali Bassam Khalaf-von Jaffa, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates & Rilchingen-Hanweiler, Bundesrepublik Deutschland. http://dr-norman-ali-khalafbooks.webs.com/faunapalaestinapart1.htm Khalaf-von Jaffa, Dr. Sc. Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2010). Fauna Emiratus Part One. Zoological Studies in the United Arab Emirates between 2004 - 2009. / Fauna Emiratus – Teil Eins. Zoologische Studien in die Vereinigten Arabischen Emirate zwischen 2004 - 2009. ISBN 978-9948-15-462-4. Erste Auflage/First Edition, November 2010: 350 Seiten / Pages. Self Publisher: Dr. Norman Ali Bassam Khalaf-von Jaffa, Dubai and Sharjah, United Arab Emirates & Rilchingen-Hanweiler, Bundesrepublik Deutschland. http://dr-norman-ali-khalaf-books.webs.com/faunaemiratuspart1.htm Khalaf-von Jaffa, Dr. Norman Ali Bassam (2012). Fauna Palaestina – Part Two. Zoological Studies in Palestine between 1983 – 2009 / Fauna Palaestina - Teil Zwei. Zoologische Studien in Palästina zwischen 1983 – 2009. ISBN 978-9948-16667-2. 1. Auflage / First Edition : July 2012, Shaaban 1433 H. 208 Seiten / Pages (Arabic Part 120 Pages and the English Part 88 Pages). Publisher: Dar Al Jundi Publishing House, Jerusalem, Palestine. http://dr-norman-ali-khalafbooks.webs.com/faunapalaestinapart2.htm Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Prof. Dr. Sc. Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2013). Der Mosbacher Löwe (Panthera leo fossilis, Reichenau 1906) / The Early Middle Pleistocene European Cave Lion (Panthera leo fossilis, Reichenau 1906). Gazelle The Palestinian Biological Bulletin (ISSN 0178-6288). Number 101. January 2013. Pp. 1-26. Dubai and Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. http://lion-pantheraleo.webs.com/mosbacher-loewe Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Prof. Dr. Sc. Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2013). Der Europäische Leopard (Panthera pardus sickenbergi, Schütt 1969) / The European Leopard (Panthera pardus sickenbergi, Schütt 1969). Gazelle - The Palestinian Biological Bulletin (ISSN 0178-6288). Number 102. February 2013. Pp. Gazelle : The Palestinian Biological Bulletin – Number 118 – October 2014
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1-17. Dubai and Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. http://leopard-pantherapardus.webs.com/europeanleopard.htm & http://issuu.com/drnormanalibassamkhalaf/docs/europ__ische_leopard_panthera_pardu Khalaf-von Jaffa, Dr. Norman Ali Bassam (2013). Fauna Palaestina – Part Three. Zoological Studies in Palestine between 2005 – 2012 / Fauna Palaestina - Teil Drei. Zoologische Studien in Palästina zwischen 2005 – 2012. ISBN 978-9950-38335-7. Erste Auflage / First Edition : July 2013, Shaaban 1434 H. 364 pages (English Part 350 Pages and the Arabic Part 14 Pages). Publisher: Dar Al Jundi Publishing House, Al Quds (Jerusalem), State of Palestine. http://dr-normanali-khalaf-books.webs.com/faunapalaestinapart3.htm Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Prof. Dr. Sc. Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2013). The Pink Panther (Panthera pardus roseus Khalaf, 2013): A New Leopard Subspecies from South Africa. Gazelle : The Palestinian Biological Bulletin (ISSN 0178-6288). Number 108, December 2013, Safar 1435 AH. pp. 26-42. Dubai and Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. http://leopard-pantherapardus.webs.com/pinkpanther.htm Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Prof. Dr. Sc. Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2013). Subspecies Panthera pardus roseus Khalaf, 2013. BioLib. Biological Library. http://www.biolib.cz/en/adtaxon/id300734/ Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Prof. Dr. Sc. Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2013). Pink Panther (Panthera pardus roseus Khalaf, 2013). EOL. Encyclopedia of Life. http://eol.org/collections/98287 Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Prof. Dr. Sc. Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2014). Poisoning case of an Arabian Leopard (Panthera pardus nimr) at Wadi Noaman, North East of Makkah Al-Mukarramah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Gazelle - The Palestinian Biological Bulletin (ISSN 0178-6288). Number 118. October 2014. pp. 1-18. Dubai and Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. http://animals-ofmakkah.webs.com/arabian-leopard-wadi-noaman Saudi Gazzette. Endangered Arabian leopard found poisoned. http://www.saudigazette.com.sa/index.cfm?method=home.regcon&contentid= 20140224196661 Wikipedia. Arabian Leopard. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabian_leopard بوادي "انىعمان" شرق مكت انمكرمت. صحٍفت سبك اإلنكترووٍت 01..0.0.32 . ً تمرٌر طالل انطهح. انعثور عهى جثت انىمر انعربً فً مىطمت خشاع انجوابري http://sabq.org/KhSfde . وادي وعمان. وٌكٍبٍدٌا http://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A_%D9%86%D8%B9 %D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86 . " سىواث7" ومر وادي وعمان "ذكر" وعمري: انحٍاة انفطرٌت. أخبار انسعودٌت. أخبار انبهدان http://news.yemeneconomist.com/news/ Gazelle : The Palestinian Biological Bulletin – Number 118 – October 2014
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تمرٌر محمد. ونه أغادر انوادي.. والت بىصف مهٍون0. أفترس:ً لاتم انىمر انعرب. صحٍفت سبك اإلنكترووٍت http://sabq.org/4vSfde . 03..0.0.32 حضاض
The poisoned Arabian Leopard at Bawadi Al-Noaman Village, Wadi Noaman, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. http://sabq.org/4vSfde
Gazelle : The Palestinian Biological Bulletin – Number 118 – October 2014