Genotype season interaction effects on the performance ofsoybean lines by Dr. A. H. Kabir

Int. J. Agr. Agri. R.

International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research (IJAAR) ISSN: 2223-7054 (Print) 2225-3610 (Online) http://www.innspub.net Vol. 9, No. 5, p. 42-50, 2016 OPEN ACCESS

RESEARCH PAPER

Genotype season interaction effects on the performance ofsoybean lines Luis Pereira1, Trikoesoemaningtyas*2, DestaWirnas2 1

Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, Dili, Timor Leste

Department of Agronomy dan Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University, Jl. Meranti, KampusIPB Dramaga, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia Article published on November 8, 2016 2

Key words: Adaptation, Genotype season interaction, Soybean Abstract The

purposeofthis

study

wastoobtaininformationon

yield

potentialof

soybean

linestestedinthe

first

dryseason(MK1) and theseconddryseason(MK2). Theinformationwas used to select soybean lines which are most stable under the two different seasonsto bereleased as varieties. This research was conductedintwogrowing seasonsfrom

March

toSeptember2014

linesand3nationalvarieties.

The

Bogor.The

genetic

designused

completelyblockdesignwithgenotypeastreatmentrepeated3timesineach

materialsused

were

wasa season.

7promising randomized

Observations

were

madeonagronomic charactersof plant height, numberof branches, number of nodes, number of pods, number oftotalpods, days to flowering, days to harvesting, weight of 100grains, grain weightper plant, andproductivity. The

results

showedthatWeightperplantandproductivitywas

notaffectedbythe

interactionbetweengenotypeandseason. The average productivityforallgenotypesin the first seasonwas3.1tonsha-1 is greaterthanthe secondseasonthat is equal to1.8tonsha-1.SC-1-8 was recommeded for both seasons. * Corresponding

Author:Trikoesoemaningtyasď&#x20AC;Ştrikadytia@gmail.com

Pereiraet al.Page

Int. J. Agr. Agri. R. Introduction

havingothersuperior

Soybean(Glycine

max(L.)

Merr.)isone

majorcommoditywith inIndonesiabecause

ofthe

high it

characteristics(Arsyadet

al.,

2007).

demand

importantsourceof

Development of high-yielding varietiesthroughplant

vegetable proteintosupport ofnational food security.

breeding

could

conductedbyselection

According to Truong et al. (2013), soybeansare

thegermplasmavailablein

usedasraw materialsinagroindustriesassoybean has

yieldandcropadaptation(Wirnaset al., 2012).

protein up to 40%.

Development ofnew varietiesrequires apopulation

theimprovementof

whichhas ahigh genetic variability(Husniet al., 2006; Soybean

demandcontinues

toincrease

along

Sihaloho et al., 2014).Breedingeffortstoobtainhigh-

withpopulation growthandthe needs ofindustrial raw

yieldingvarietiesandadaptiveinvariousenvironmentsa

materialssuch as tofu, soy sauce, tempeh, soymilk,

re now widelyperformed,oneisthrough hybridization

fermented

followed by selection.

soy,and

However,

snacks(Komalasari,

soybean

demand

2008).

not

metbecauseIndonesian

Yield

nationalsoybeanproductioncontinuesto decrease. One

stepafterselectiontodeterminethepromising linestobe

ofthe

released

reasons

ofthe

decline

nationalsoybeanproductionisreduction

inthe inplanting

trial

ashigh-yielding

an varieties.

important Soybean

varietiesare

areas. In 2012soybeanplanting areaonlyreached570

generallydevelopedtohavefavorableproperties, among

495hawith a total production of851 647tons much

others: (1) highyield, (2) resistant topestsanddiseases,

smaller

(3) early maturity, and(4) the seed quality suitable for

whencompared

to1992whichreached1,151,079ha.

The

consumer preference(MOA,2007).

nationalsoybeanneedsamounted to2.2milliontonsperyear(SCA, 2012). Asa resultof

Department of AgronomyandHorticulture,IPB has

domesticsoybeanproductionis notable to meetthe

conductsoybean breedingthroughhybridization and

growing

declineof

selectionthat

areaisland

Development

need.

The

cause

ofthe

soybeanplanting

producesshadetolerantlines.

resourcecompetitionwithothercommoditieswhichhave

ofshadetolerantlinesarebreedingeffortstooptimize the

use

highereconomicvaluethansoyandproductivedue

toland conversion.

oflandunderplantationstandson

theimmaturephase(TBM) 2009).Thisshade-tolerant

Another

factorcauses

wasdue

tothe

conditionsinthe

lowproductivity

influence tropics

ofthatgrowthis

ofenvironmental

whichareless

not

ofsoybean

supportive

qualityseeds, in appropriateplanting time andless pestcontrol,

management, andless

less

than

effective

optimalposth-

arvesthandling (Sumarnoet.al.,2007). Efforts

al.,

lineshave

been

testedinshadedconditionsandneedfurthertestingin differentenvironmentsunshadedandseasontodetermin ethe stability of yield potential.

goodas

soybeancropinsubtropicalregions. The use oflowoptimalnutrient

(Yunitaet

In the upland of some parts of Indonesia, soybean can be planted two seasons a year. Soybean productionis influencedbyseason, genotype,andinteractionbetweengenotypewith theseasons.

toincreasesoybeanproductioninIndonesia

requiresthe availability ofimproved varietieswhich

The proportion of line phenotyperespectivelyis caused

arehigh yielding, responsive to theimprovement

byenvironmentalfactorsgenotypeandgenotype

ofenvironmental

xenvironmentinteractions.

conditions,

well

Genotypebyenvironmentinteractionis

Pereiraet al.Page

usefulfor

Int. J. Agr. Agri. R. determiningthe areaof adaptationof agenotypeina

PG-57-1, SC-54-1, andthreenational varieties as check,

particularenvironment,

namelySibayak, Tanggamus,andWilis.

determine

theadaptabilityandstability ofgenotypes(Snelleret al., 1997)andto assess the roleof environmental factors onthe

geneticpotential

ofagenotype(Vargas

al.,1998; Raoet al., 2002).

Experimental design and Statistical analysis The experimental designused for each growing season wasa complete randomizedblock

design(RCBD)

with

three

replications. Crop management was optimal in terms The purposeofthis study wastoobtaininformation on

of fertilization, irrigation, and weed and pest

yield potentiallinesevaluatedinthe dryseasonone(S1)

control.Observations

and theseconddryseason(S2).

characters.Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was carried

Materials and methods

out detect significant effects among the genotypes

were

madeonagronomic

Locations The

experiment

was

conductedat

the

Center

forResearchandDevelopment

BiotechnologyandAgriculture

Plant

GeneticResources,

Cimangguandexperimental

Results and discussion Climate conditions in the growing seasons There

was

difference

humidity,andduration

rainfall,

irradiationreceived

garden, Leuwikopo, Bogor, Indonesia. This research

thesoybeancropsbetween

was

forthe temperature(Table 1). The averagerainfall,

conductedintwogrowing

seasonsfrom

March

humidity,andsolar

toSeptember2014.

thetwoseasons,

radiationofthe

except

firstseasonwere

higherthan thesecondseason. Genetic materials The

material

usedwas7IPBpromising

lines,

namelySC-1-8, CG-22-10, SP-30-4, SC-21- 5, SC-56-3,

This is becausein thesecondseason, was peak of the dryseason, especially in Bogor.

Table 1.Climatic data from Bogor District in 2014. Season

Month March April May Mean July August September Mean

Season 1

Season 2

Rainfall (mm) 689 677 598 655 349 538 43 310

Relative humidity 87.0 85.0 85.0 85.7 83.0 80.0 73.0 78.7

Temperature (0C) 25.6 26.0 26.0 25.9 25.8 25.7 28.5 25.8

Solar radiation (%) 51.0 72.0 71.0 64.7 70.2 91.1 95.1 80.7

Source: The Agency for Meteorology, Climatology, Geophysic, Bogor (BMKG, 2014). Effect of genotype, season, and genotype x season

intherainfall(Table 1). Plant heightandnumber of

interaction to agronomic traits of soybean lines

podsperplantwere notaffectedby the seasons.

Thecombinedanalysis

varianceshowedthatthe Table3

seasonsignificantly affectedsomeagronomiccharacterssuch

the

aboveshowedthatin

the

firstseason,

the

agronomic characterssuch as the numberof branches,

numberofnodes, the number of branches, number of

the

totalpods,days to flowering, days to harvesting,

weightperplantand

weight of 100seeds,andproductivity(Table 2). This

yield

indicatedthat

strongly

valuesthansecondseason,except for thenumber of

influencedbyseasonal changescaused bydifferences

totalpods(Table3). This indicatedthatthecharacteris

theprom-ising

lineswere

number

strongly

Pereiraet al.Page

ofnodes,

potential

influencedbythe

100-seed

have

changing

weight,

seed

higher

seasons.

Int. J. Agr. Agri. R. thefirstseasonthe

rainfall

thesecondseasonso

ishigher

that

thesecondseasonwas

thanin thewaterin

notsufficientforthe

growthanddevelopment

soybean.

Lack

waterduringthe floweringphaseresults ina reduced number ofpods(Desclauxet al., 2000),the number of seedsperpod(Adie, 1992)and seed size(Fattah et al., 2005).

Drought

stressduringphasephaseR3,

R5andR6lowering

the

yield33%, 31% and50%, respectively. The

results

ofthe

combinedanalysis

varianceshowedthatgenotypesignificantly affectedplant heighton averagefor thesecondseason. Plant

heightwas

highestin

lineSC-54-1

which

wassignificantly higherthanallthreelinesandthe check varieties. The lineCG-22-10, SC-1-8, SC-56-3 andSP-30-4

stressinhibitscarbohydratesdistributionfromleavestop

haveplant

odsso thatthe numberandsize ofseedsdecreased(Liu et

threecheck

al., 2004). Doganet al.(2007) reported thatdrought

TanggamusandWillis(Table 4).

heightwerenotdifferent

from

the

varietiesSibayak,

Table 2.Combined analysis of two seasons for agronomic characters of soybean lines. Agronomic Characters

Mean square Genotype (G) 8.35** 4.30** 3.35** 3.35 2.34* 14.00** 34.70** 1.91 12.06** 1.48

Season (S) 0.05ns 52.84** 6.50* 6.50 12.24** 32.22** 94.70** 37.60** 44.55** 133.58**

Plant height Number of branches Number of nodes Number of filledpods Number of total pods Days to flowering Days to harvesting Seed weight per plant Weight of 100 seeds Productivity

SxG 1.71 4.30** 3.12** 3.12 1.83 0.55 3.83** 1.88 0.88 1.95

cv (%) 7.61 13.37 12.15 19.12 17.09 2.01 0.34 20.32 11.19 17.59

Note: * = significant at 5%; ** = significant at 1%. Table 3.Agronomic traits performance of lines evaluated in the season 1 and season 2. Agronomic characters Plant height (cm) Number of branches Number of nodes Number of filled pods Number of total pods Days to flowering(das) Days to harvesting(das) Seed weight per plant (g) Weight of 100 seeds (g) Productivity(tons/ha)

Season 1 (S1) 79.1 a 4.8.0 a 27.4 a 63.3 b 60.0 a 85.9 a 8.2 a 36.8 a 9.7 a 3.0 a

Season 2 (S2) 78.8 a 3.7 b 25.3 b 73.9 a 63.4 a 85.2 b 6.7 b 35.7 b 7.0 b 1.8 b

Average 78.9 4.3 26.4 68.6 61.7 85.5 7.4 36.3 8.4 2.4

Note: numberfollowed bythe sameletterin the same roware not significantly differentat5% DMRT; das=days after sowing. Table 4.The effect of genotype against plant height, number of branches, number of nodes, number of filled pods, and number of total pods. Genotype CG-22-10 PG-57-1 SC-1-8 SC-21-5 SC-54-1 SC-56-3

Pereiraet al.Page

Plantheight(cm) 79.95 84.45 76.10 83.15 94.10 80.10

bcd b cde bc a bcd

Number of branches 5.0 a 4.7 ab 4.6 ab 4.6 ab 4.2 bc 4.7 ab

Number of nodes 29.9 a 29.2 a 26.4 abc 27.3 ab 27.4 ab 25.8 abc

Number of filled pods 70.1 66.6 55.5 64.0 64.3 68.5

Number of total pods 80.6 a 73.9 abc 61.8 bc 73.5 abc 71.4 abc 75.5 ab

Int. J. Agr. Agri. R. SP-30-4 Sibayak Tanggamus Wilis

69.95 74.85 72.45 74.10

e ed ed ed

3.8 4.1 3.4 3.8

cd bc d cd

22.7 27.2 22.9 24.8

c ab c bc

52.2 57.7 60.0 58.3

58.4 64.3 64.8 61.7

c bc bc bc

Note: numberfollowed bythe sameletterin the same roware not significantly differentat5% DMRT. Genotypesignificantly affected thenumber ofbranchesandthe number of node. The number ofbranchesin linesCG-22-10 was notsignificantly different from thelinesPG-57-1, SC-1-8, SC-21-5 andSC-56-3, butthefivelineshave therealnumber oflargerbranchescompared to the twovarietiesTanggamusandWilis.

Lines

SC-54-1

andSP-30-4 have thesamenumber ofbrancheswith avarietySibayakandWilis(Table 4). CG-22-10, PG-57-1, SC-1-8, SC-21-5, SC-54-1,SC-563,andSibayakhave similarnumber of nodes.BothlinesCG-

Genotypesignificantly affected days toharvesting. The mean in thesecondharvestseasonshowedthatthe days to harvesting of linesCG-22-10, PG-57-1, SC-1-8, SC21-5, SP-30-4 are similar with Wilisvarieties. The lineSC-54-1

hasshorter

days

harvestingthanallthreecheck

varietiesfollowedby

lineSC-56-3 (Table 5). The shorterdays to harvesting of lineSC-54-1 was due to shorter days to flowering. Tanggamusvarietyhaslongerdays

harvestingofalllinesand theothertwocheck varieties.

22-10 andPG-57-1 have therealnumber of productive nodesmorethan

theSP-30-4

lineandvarietiesTanggamusandWilis.

thetotalnumber of pods. Highesttotalnumber of found

lineCG-22-10

whichwas

notsignificantly different fromlinesPG-57-1, SC-21-5, SC-54-1

andSC-56-3,

but

thelinesCG-22-

10significantly largerthan thelineSC-1-8 andSP-30-4 andcheckvarietiesSibayak, Tanggamus and Wilis.

genotypesondays to flowering(Table 5). The longest days to flowering wasinthe line SP-30-4 which was different

fromTanggamusvarieties,

significantlylongerthanallother

butwas

linesandbothcheck

varietiesSibayakandWilis.The lineSC-1-8 has shorter dayas tofloweringthanlineCG-22-10, PG-57-1, SC-215,

SC-56-3

andSP-30-4

andbothvarietiesTanggamusandWillis, much

differentfrom

thelineSC-54-1

checkvarietiesSibayak.

Yunitaet

onecharacterthatcanincrease

theproductivity of soybean. The analysis showedthe

butwas

not

and

the

al.(2009)

reportedthat thelinesSC-1-8, SC-54-1 andSC-56-3 haveshorter days to floweringthan that of Sibayak.

where thelineSC-1-8 andSP-30-4 have seedsizelarger than the other lines, but wasnot differentwith the threecheck varieties(Table 5). Consumersgenerally preferlarge

seedsthatincreasethe

theseedthroughthe

size

selectionshould

of bedone

simultaneouslyimproveoutcomes(Soepandiet 2006).

Ojoet

al.(2012)

al.,

reportedthat

thecharacternumber of podsper plantand100-seed

The analysis showedthat of significant effects of

not

sizeis

influence ofgenotypeson theweight of100 seeds,

Table4showedthat thegenotypesignificantly affected podswas

Seed

weighthave

greatercontributionthanother

agronomiccharactersto

the

soybeanlinestested.

yield

The

of results

oftwoseasonscombinedanalysis varianceshowedthatgenotypedid

of not

significantly

affectweightperplantandyield

potential.

Thismeansthatalllineshave theweightperplantandyield potential similar to the check varieties. Plant

heightwas

notaffectedbythe

interaction

ofgenotypex season. This suggeststhatthe responseof allgenotypesto different climatic conditions of the two seasonsis the same, wherethere is nogenotypethat is sensitive tothe change of seasons(Table 6).

Table 5. The effect of genotype against days to flowering, days to harvesting, weight of 100 seeds, seeds weight per plant, and productivity.

Pereiraet al.Page

Int. J. Agr. Agri. R.

Days to flowering (das)

Genotype CG-22-10 PG-57-1 SC-1-8 SC-21-5 SC-54-1 SC-56-3 SP-30-4 Sibayak Tanggamus Wilis

Days to harvesting(das)

b b d b cd c a cd ab b

36.8 36.7 34.7 36.7 35.0 35.7 38.0 35.0 37.2 37.0

85.5 85.5 85.5 85.5 84.7 85.0 85.5 85.7 87.3 85.2

Weight of 100 seeds (g)

bc bc bc bc e de bc b a cd

6.1 6.3 8.8 6.2 7.1 6.2 8.2 8.8 8.4 8.6

Seeds weight per plant (g)

Productivity (tons/ha)

8.0 7.9 10.8 8.0 8.1 7.7 7.6 9.3 8.5 8.2

2.6 2.4 2.8 2.6 2.6 2.5 1.9 2.3 2.4 2.6

b b a b b b a a a a

Note: Note: numberfollowed bythe sameletterin the same roware not significantly differentat5% DMRT. Table 6.The effect of interaction against number of branches, number of nodes, and days to harvesting. Genotype

Number of nodes S1 S1

CG-22-10 PG-57-1 SC-1-8 SC-21-5 SC-54-1 SC-56-3 SP-30-4 Sibayak Tanggamus Wilis

29.3 33.4 30.0 28.2 25.6 27.5 22.0 31.6 22.9 23.6

ab a ab abc c abc c a c c

Number of branches S1 S2

30.6 25.0 22.9 26.4 29.3 24.0 23.4 22.8 22.9 25.9

a c c bc ab c c c c c

5.4 5.5 6.1 5.2 4.0 5.5 3.9 4.9 3.7 3.9

ab a a ab cde a de b def de

5.4 5.5 6.1 5.2 4.0 5.5 3.9 4.9 3.7 3.9

Days to harvesting (das) S1 S2

ab a a ab cde a de b def de

86 86 86 86 85 85 86 86 88 85

c c c c e d c c a d

85 85 85 85 85 85 85 85 87 85

d d d d e d d d b d

Note: numberfollowed bythe sameletterin the same row and the same columnare not significantly differentat5% DMRT. Table6showedthatthe

ofthe

affectedthenumber ofnodes. In the firstseasonlinePG-

interactionbetweengenotype x seasonto thenumber

57-1 have theprolificnumberof nodesthatwere not

ofbranches.

different fromotherlinessuch asCG-22-10, SC-1-8, SC-

The

effect effect

ofthisinteractionshowed

thatgenotyperesponsedifferently seasons,

where

tothe

change

21-5,

SC-56-3

andthe

check

varietySibayak,

averagerainfall

butmarkedly higher than thatofth two linesSC-54-1

washigher thanthe secondseason(Table 1), so that

andSP-30-4 andvarietiesTanggamusandWillis(Table

thevegetativegrowthin

6). In the secondseason,thelinesPG-57-1, nearlyallthe

thanthe

thefirstseasonthe

thefirstseasonwas

secondseason.

firstseasonalmostalllineshavethe

better

During

the

nodesthat

different

brancheswith checkvarietySibayak,exceptlinesSC-54-1

varieties.

lineCG-22-10

andSP-30-4.

ofbranchesthatwere

However,

lineSC-1-8

significantly

thenumberof

notsignificantly

ofbrancheswhichwere

samenumber

lineshave

has

anumber

higher

thanthe

The

fromthe have

significantly

were

threecheck thenumber

higher

thanthe

threevarietiesand

threecheck varietiesSibayak, TanggamusandWilis. In

followedby

the

differentvarieties ofWilis, but significantly higher

second,

thenumber different

thelineCG-22-10 ofbranchesthatwere

andSC-54-1 not

fromWilisvarietiesbutwere

have

significantly

lineSC-54-1

which

thanthe twovarietiesSibayakandTanggamus. Table7showed,thatthere

effectbetweengenotypeandseasononthe ofthe

combinedanalysis

varianceshowedthatthe

not

significantly

higher than bothcheck varietiesSibayakandTanggamus. Theresults

nointeraction characters

ofnumber of pods, number of podsanddays to flowering. The absence ofinteractionshowsthatthe

interactionbetweengenotypexseason

Pereiraet al.Page

Int. J. Agr. Agri. R. responseof

allgenotypesin

the

different

seasons were the same for the characters.

forTanggamusvariety. The uniformdays to harvest of allthesoybean

promising

linein

thesecondseasonwascausedbydroughtwhichcausedall Days to harvesting is significantly influencedby

thepodsto dryand cracked.

seasons.

The analysis showedthatthere is a lack of effectof

This

the

interactionbetweengenotypeandseasonthat

resulted

inthe

isdue

responseto

thechanging

seasonsdiversegenotypes.

the

theinteraction

ofgenotypeĂ&#x2014;

weightperplant,

seasonon

seed

100g

weight

seedsandproductivity(Table

8).

firstseason,thelineSC-54-1 has theshortest days to

Thismeansthatallgenotypesresponseto

harvestcompared

intheseasonwerestable.Adaptationabilitycausedbya

toall

thelines

and

checkvarieties,butwere not significantly differentin

combination

thesecondseason.

environmental

The days

firstseasonshowed

to harvest

in the

that

there

were5linesand1checkvariety,namelyCG-22-10, PG-571, SC-1-8, SC-21-5, SP-30-4 andvarietiesSibayakthat have

the

same

days

harvest(Table

7).

The5genotypeshave thedifferentdays to harvestin thesecondseasonthan the firstseason. All genotypes have

the

same

days

harvestinginthe

secondseasonincluding

the

changes

propertieswhichcancope changeso

thatthe

with

genotypeis

notaffected by the

change

Djaelaniet

ofseasons(Cucolottoet al.(2001)

ofinteraction,

al.,

revealedthatifthe

the

selection

bestgenotypeswouldbe

easier,

2006). absence ofthe

that

byselectinggenotypes that have the highest yield average. Generally, farmers are more interestedin varietiesfeaturingconsistent

results

over

seasons

(Tarakan-ovasandRuzgas,2006).

checkvarietiesSibayakandWilis,except Table 7.Performance of genotypes evaluated in different season. Genotype CG-22-10 PG-57-1 SC-1-8 SC-21-5 SC-54-1 SC-56-3 SP-30-4 Sibayak Tanggamus Wilis

Plantheight(cm) S1 79.2 80.7 71.3 83.3 99.0 79.8 70.6 75.6 77.9 73.5

S2 80.7 88.2 80.9 83.0 89.2 80.4 69.3 74.1 67.0 74.7

Number of filled pods S1 S2 70.4 69.7 71.0 62.2 54.0 57.1 63.5 64.5 54.9 73.6 73.7 63.3 44.0 60.5 65.7 49.7 55.4 64.5 47.9 68.8

Number of total pods S1 73.7 74.5 57.7 67.6 57.4 78.1 47.1 69. 7 57. 7 49.7

S2 87.5 73.3 65.9 79.4 85.3 72.9 69.7 58.9 72.1 73.8

Days to flowering (das) S1 S2 37.3 36.3 37.3 36.0 35.3 34.0 37.7 35.7 35.3 34.7 36.0 35.3 38.3 37.7 35.3 34.7 37.7 36.7 37.7 36.3

Table 8. Performance of seed weight per plant, weight of 100 seeds andproductivity of each genotype in different season. Genotype CG-22-10 PG-57-1 SC-1-8 SC-21-5 SC-54-1 SC-56-3 SP-30-4 Sibayak Tanggamus Wilis

Pereiraet al.Page

Seed weight per plant(g) S1 S2 9.4 6.5 9.8 6.0 11.3 10.3 9.3 6.7 8.7 7.4 9.8 5.6 8.3 6.8 12.7 5.8 9.5 7.5 8.5 7.9

Weight of 100 seeds (g) S1 S2 6.7 5.4 6.9 5.7 9.1 8.5 7.3 5.1 8.2 5.9 6.6 5.8 8.8 7.5 9.9 7.6 8.9 7.8 9.1 8.0

Productivity(tons/ha) S1 S2 3.4 1.7 3.3 1.5 3.1 2.5 3.4 1.8 3.3 1.9 3.4 1.5 2.4 1.3 2.7 1.8 2.8 1.9 2.9 2.2

Int. J. Agr. Agri. R. Conclusion

Dogan EH, Kirnak, Copur O. 2007.Deficit

There is the effect ofinteraction ofgenotype×season

irrigation during reproductive stage and CROPGRO-

on the performance of the agronomic characters of

soybean

numberof

condition. Field Research 103, 154-159.

productive

nodes,

the

number

simulations

under

semi-arid

climatic

ofproductivebranchesanddays to harvest. The yield potential of the soybean lines was higher in the first

Fattah A, Nur A, Arsyad DM. 2005. Yield trials of

seasonthanthe

soybean lines in Sulawesi Selatan. Agrivigor5, 85-91.

secondseason,

at3.1ton/haand1.8ton/ha, respectively.The lineCG22-10, PG-57-1, SC-21-5, SC-54-1 andSC-56-3 have

Husni A, Kosmiatin M, Mariska I. 2006.

yield

Increasing tolerance of sindoro soybean against

potential

higher

than

the

drought

meanacrossgenotypesin thefirstseason.

through

vitro

selection.BulletinAgronomi34 (1),25-31. Acknowledgements The research was funded by National Education Mini-

Komalasari WB. 2008. Prediction of soybean offer

stry of Indonesia through Researh Competitive grants.

and demand with series time analysis12: 1195-1209. Liu FCR, Jensen, M.R. Anderson. 2004. Drought

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