T H E I N D E P E N D E N T D A I LY AT D U K E U N I V E R S I T Y
The Chronicle
WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 16, 2011
DUKE 74
WWW.DUKECHRONICLE.COM
903
ONE HUNDRED AND SEVENTH YEAR, ISSUE 58
MSU 69
Mike Krzyzewski passes Bobby Knight on all-time wins list
Dawkins’ big night in the Garden helps deliver number 903
Krzyzewski stakes claim as top college basketball coach
by Chris Cusack
by Andy Moore
THE CHRONICLE
THE CHRONICLE
NEW YORK — When it was all over, Mike Krzyzewski pushed through the crowd of photographers surrounding him to find Bob Knight, his former coach and the man whose record he had just broken. The two embraced courtside, laughing, before Krzyzewski disappeared back into the throng. “I just told him… ‘Coach, I’m not sure people tell you this, but I love you, and I love what you’ve done for me, and thank you,’” Krzyzewski said. “And he says, ‘Boy, you’ve done pretty good for a kid who couldn’t shoot.’ I think that meant he loves me too.” More than four decades after Krzyzewski took the floor for Army as Knight’s point guard, the disciple passed his mentor with the 903rd head coaching victory of his career in a 74-69 win over Michigan State at Madison Square Garden in front of dozens of former Blue Devils. The victory breaks Knight’s NCAA Division I record, a mark that had stood since 2008. “It’s special,” said Seth Curry, who had 20 points and a team-high seven rebounds. “It’s something I’m going to remember for the rest of my life, and I hope
NEW YORK — 903. Did you really expect K to drag this out? Krzyzewski, who treats attention toward himself like a curse, only wanted and only needed one chance to pass his old coach Bob Knight last night for the 903rd win of his career. In winning, K reached the game peak. He reached commentary the pinnacle of his chosen profession. A man who went 111-106 his first eight years as a coach now sits as the greatest of all time. 903. Wow. He didn’t win those games by himself, of course, as he’ll readily tell you. He’ll say his players were responsible. He’ll say he was just lucky to recruit good kids. “I think it’ll mean a lot when it’s over,” he said to reporters in the press room of Madison Square Garden Tuesday night. “I think this is a program moment.” But to say that is to deflect reality, to gloss over the most seminal moment of his storied coaching career.
SEE 903 ON PAGE 12
SEE TRIUMPH ON PAGE 12
Coach K at Army COURTESY OF ARMY ATHLETICS
Arriving at Duke
Number 800
Passing Coach Knight CHRIS DALL, CHRONICLE FILE PHOTO/THE CHRONICLE
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THE CHRONICLE
worldandnation
US Postal Service reports $5.1 billion loss last year
WASHINGTON, D.C. — The U.S. Postal Service said Tuesday it lost $5.1 billion last year, but noted that number would have been about $10 billion in the fiscal year that ended in September if Congress hadn’t acted. Lawmakers postponed about $5.5 billion in USPS annual payments to prefund retiree health benefits. Legislators haven’t said yet whether the Postal Service will need to make the payment after the current short-term spending measure expires Friday. Mail volume dropped to about 168 billion pieces delivered, a decline of 3 billion pieces from the previous year. Deliveries of first-class mail dropped six percent. Total operating revenue reached $65.7 billion, about $2 billion less than the previous year. Operating expenses decreased by about $5 billion, to $70.6 billion. Postal officials said Tuesday that they expect operating revenue to drop to about $64 billion this year.
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U.S. Colonization in the Virgin Islands John Hope Franklin Center 240, 12-1p.m. Gertrude Gonzalez de Allen, chair and associate professor of philosophy and religious studies, will give a lecture.
Fall Festival for Freshmen and Sophomores
Wall Street protesters fail North Korea makes rapid to reverse park eviction progress on nuclear plant NEW YORK — “Occupy Wall Street” protesters lost a bid Tuesday to overturn their eviction and the removal of tents from a lower Manhattan park where they had been demonstrating for eight weeks. New York City police pushed into the park Tuesday to remove demonstrators.
TOKYO, Japan — North Korea has made rapid progress on the construction of a new nuclear reactor, with work nearly complete on the outside walls, according to an analysis of recent satellite images. The plant might not be operational for two or three more years, one analyst said.
Smith Warehouse Bay 5, 4-6p.m. The Career Center welcomes freshmen and sophomores to drop in for games, snacks and useful information.
Paul Hendrickson on “Hemingway’s Boat” Center for Documentary Studies, 7p.m. National Book Critics Circle Award winner Paul Hendrickson will discuss his new book.
“Abraham Jam“ Interfaith Concert Page Auditorium, 7:30-9:30p.m. Students are invited to enjoy a concert organized by the Center for Muslim Life.
TODAY IN HISTORY 2005: Oklahoma enters the United States.
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“‘Without bin candy, my life was incomplete,’ said sophomore Erika Lampert. ‘It helps me get through hump day.’ Sophomore Emily Carey was too busy buying bin candy to comment. ‘Students were definitely asking about it last week,’ Clowney said.“ — From The Chronicle’s News Blog bigblog.dukechronicle.com
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schedule
We are all dietetic sinners; only a small percent of what we eat nourishes us; the balance goes to waste and loss of energy. — William Osler
on the
THURSDAY:
TODAY:
on the o
calendar
Anniversary of Huaripampa Peru
Independence Day St. Kitts and Nevis
Armed Forces Day JUAN FORERO/THE WASHINGTON POST
Two workers work on a rig in the Rubiales oil field in southern Colombia. Oil rigs such as this one are now manned in part by Venezuelan oilmen. Venezuelan executives moved their businesses to Colombia after President Hugo Chavez purged state oil companies that protested against him.
Chile
Moscow Day Russia
A NIGHT FOR CHIMPANZEES Tomorrow, November 17, 2011, 7 p.m. Duke’s Bryan Center, Von Canon A - FREE ADMISSION 3-minute excerpt from recent talk by Dr. Jane Goodall to NIH 1-hour PBS Nature documentary titled Chimpanzees: An Unnatural History A discussion with Kathleen Conlee from The Humane Society of the United States Contact: The Duke & UNC Roots & Shoots Group nc.roots.shoots@gmail.com Beth Levine (beth_levine@earthlink.net), Local Jane Goodall Institute Member/Volunteer Light vegan snacks donated by Whole Foods, Durham
THE CHRONICLE
WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 16, 2011 | 3
Law School Dean to serve second five-year term Law School Dean David Levi has been reappointed to his second five-year term as dean, Provost Peter Lange announced Monday. Levi joined the Duke School of Law faculty as both dean and professor of law in 2007, and he will continue to teach courses on legal history and ethics. Throughout his four years as dean, he has expanded the law school to increase opportunities for external relations and improving students’ practical skills. His new term will begin July 1. “Dean Levi’s reappointment is an incredible thing for Duke Law School,” said Natalie Bedoya, Law ’10, in a press release Tuesday. “Having been fortunate enough to work closely with Dean Levi while a student at the Law School, I was able to see what an amazing leader and person he is. His approach is practical and no-nonsense, and he knows how to get to the heart of an issue and to, in that way, find the best solution.” As dean, Levi has sponsored many initiatives. He developed two new LLM degrees—a Master of Law in Law and Entrepreneurship and a Master of Laws in Judicial Studies. The LLM in Judicial Studies is the only program at a major law school dedicated to educating judges. He has added several research centers, including the Duke Center for Judicial Studies and the Center for Law, Race and Politics.
So far in his tenure, Levi has also focused on preparing students with professional training, through externships, clinics and courtroom simulation courses. In the last four years, the law school has seen an increase in students accepting judicial clerkships and has seen an expanded faculty. Levi is responsible for more than 12 new faculty hires. This has increased the number of legal analysis and writing classes for first-year law students with smaller class sizes. “Upon his arrival, he immediately threw himself into the difficult work of being dean and has not slowed down,” said James Coleman, John S. Bradway professor of law. “His experience as a lawyer and judge serve Duke well as law schools generally begin to respond to the demands of the legal profession for more practice-ready law graduates. I look forward to his continued leadership.” Before coming to Duke, Levi worked in public service. Beginning in 2003, he served as chief judge of the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of California. He is also a member of the Standing Committee on the Rules of Practice and Procedure, an organization he chaired from 2003 to 2007. Levi received a bachelor’s degree from Harvard University and received his law degree from Stanford Law School in 1980. —from Staff Reports
JISOO YOON/THE CHRONICLE
Changes to the Duke Webmail interface, in the works since February, went live last Thursday. The new Webmail has improved features and increased security.
Duke Webmail interface sees multiple upgrades by Brandon Levy THE CHRONICLE
Last Thursday morning, Duke Webmail users logged on to discover an improved look and some new features to the email interface. Some of Webmail’s new features include increased security, the ability to drag and drop messages and the ability to select multiple messages for deleting or sorting. The changes to Webmail—the email access system provided for Duke students and faculty—also allow users to send messages from their other email addresses using their
Webmail account. Many Duke students likely did not notice these changes, though because nearly half of students have their Duke emails forwarded to an alternate email system. Planning for the Webmail changes began in February when a newer version of the interface became available, said Steve O’Donnell, senior communications strategist for the Office of Information Technology. “Recently, we uncovered a security concern inherent in the older versions of SEE WEBMAIL ON PAGE 7
Margaret Maron Visiting Blackburn Writer Thursday Nov. 17 | 7:30 pm | Duke East Parlors FREE AND OPEN TO THE PUBLIC s RECEPTION TO FOLLOW Margaret Maron is the author of twenty-six novels and two collections of short stories. Winner of the Edgar, Agatha, Anthony, Macavity Mystery Awards, the Sir Walter Raleigh Award for best North Carolina novel of the year, and the North Carolina Award for Literature. Event sponsored by the Duke Department of English and the Blackburn Endowment
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THE CHRONICLE
Budget cuts could undermine progress in child health care by Andrew Luo THE CHRONICLE
The state of children’s health in North Carolina is better than ever before, but state budget cuts could set this progress back. North Carolina has made strides in children’s health care this year, according to the 2011 Child Heath Report Card, commissioned by Action for Children North Carolina and the North Carolina Institute of Medicine. The report rated the state in 13 categories measuring child health—ranging from environmental health to breast-feeding statistics. But recent budget cuts to state health care programs, as part of the state budget approved in June, might lead to their decline in the future, experts said. Cuts to state programs, such as early intervention services, oral health care and provider rates, may have a negative effect on child
health in the future, said Laila Bell, director of research and data at Action for Children North Carolina. These budget cuts—particularly to early intervention programs—will cost more to society in the long run, Bell said. Trimming spending now will raise the cost of treating illnesses in the future. “If [children] are not treated early, they will lose opportunities in terms of academics, achievements and educational outcomes,” she said. “We know in the long run, when there are less resources available, it’s the children that end up suffering.” Budget cuts to child health care will invariably cause a decline to child health, said Elizabeth Vigdor, research scholar at the Center for Health Policy. She added that historically, state-funded health care programs increase health and school performance for children—particularly for
those who come from low-income families. “When cuts are made to these programs, health outcomes decline,” Vigdor said. “However, it’ll ultimately depend on which specific services are cut.” The 2011-2012 state budget includes a 20 percent cut, which equals $37.6 million, to Smart Start funding. Smart Start is North Carolina’s chief early intervention children’s care, health and education program. Although the full effects of the budget cuts are yet to be seen, a wide variety of organizations have been lobbying hard against the decline in funding, Vigdor noted. “We have been stressing the importance of maintaining healthy and safe children to our state leaders,” Bell said. “The important thing is that we do not want to turn back the clock on these important gains.” But child health leaders in the commu-
nity are pleased with the success of child health care this year. North Carolina received “A” grades in the categories of early intervention, environmental health and incidence of communicable disease among children, according to the report, which compares data from 2008-2010 to data from the last five years. The most significant improvement this year was in infant mortality, which decreased to seven deaths per 1,000 live births, a record low for the state, said Berkeley Yorkery, project director at the North Carolina Institute of Medicine. “We are especially happy to see this decrease in infant mortality,” Yorkery said. “For years, we’ve been in the bottom 10 states for infant deaths, but these recent numbers are SEE HEALTH CARE ON PAGE 6
Deshusses given $100K grant for waste disposal system by Yueran Zhang THE CHRONICLE
CAREER CENTER
A Duke environmental engineer will apply a recently received grant to safely eliminate biowaste in underdeveloped countries. Marc Deshusses, professor of civil and environmental engineering at the Pratt School of Engineering, received a $100,000 grant from the Grand Challenges Exploration program of the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation to develop a novel human waste disposal system specially designed for families in developing countries. Deshusses designed a system where human and animal waste is decomposed by
bacteria in a sealed space. The design captures the biogas produced during the process and burns it as fuel to provide enough heat to kill dangerous pathogens associated with human waste. The mechanism will be produced from very affordable materials, Deshusses noted, estimating that the whole system will cost less than $100 for a single family. “Once constructed, the system runs automatically.... People do not need additional skills to operate it,” Deshusses said. “The goal is to investigate the science and technology to make sure we come up with the solution adapted to developing countries.” For many developing countries, the re-
moval of human waste poses a major public health risk—poorly disposed of waste can contaminate drinking water and spread disease. David Schaad, associate professor of the practice of civil and environmental engineering at Pratt and co-investigator of the innovative waste digestion system, said the new idea could effectively address those problems. “One in three people in the world lack access to improved sanitation.... This novel enhancement, if successful, could remove pathogens, increase health outcomes and elevate the standard of living for potentially millions of people around the world,” Schaad wrote in an email Monday.
The system is environmentally friendly because the methane gas produced during biochemical reactions would not be released into the environment, preventing a potent greenhouse gas from entering the atmosphere, Deshusses said. “The originality of the whole concept is that we do a heat recovery system,” he said. “In the traditional devices the heat [of burning biogas] is not enough, but here is our ‘trick’—the heat recovery can ensure that the heat is used with little dissipation.” Deshusses also noted the importance of the system’s dependability. SEE SYSTEM ON PAGE 7
presents The Fannie Mitchell
EXPERT
IN RESIDENCE PROGRAM starring
JONATHAN PERELMAN
Industry Relations Manager at Google
Topic: How Advertising Intersects with Business and Public Policy
The Expert in Residence Program features accomplished professionals to share specialized knowledge and provide career advice to students.
For undergraduate, Thursday, Nov. 17 Flowers 201 Lunch will be provided graduate & professional 12:00 - 1:30pm students Registration: http://duke.qualtrics.com/SE/?SID=SV_cO51Qiyxq79qgYY www.studentaffairs.duke.edu/career
THE CHRONICLE
WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 16, 2011 | 5
ith Adrian Bejan Q&A with Acclaimed Duke professor Adrian Bejan, one of the 100 most highly cited authors in the world regarding engineering, is credited with the development of the constructal law of design in nature. Constructal law is the view in physics that the generation of design in nature is a universal phenomenon, involved in everything from the flow of rivers to the capillaries of the circulatory system to the global distribution of wealth. The Chronicle’s Michael Lee sat down with Bejan, professor in the department of mechanical engineering and materials science, to discuss his theories and the origins of the law. The Chronicle: How long have you been here at Duke? Adrian Bejan: Since ’84. Soon I will have been here 30 years. I’ve been fortunate to be here, obviously. Duke is an oasis of intellectual freedom. TC: How did you initially come up with this idea of constructal law? AB: It happened 15 years ago. I’ve had a 40-year long career in thermodynamics, and in thermodynamics, we have essentially two working principles. One is the first law, which is the principle of the conservation of energy. And the other one is the second law, which is the principle of irreversibility…. Everything that flows by itself has the tendency to flow from high to low. But physics was not describing nature completely. I made the connection that the tendency among engineers and scientists—to create better machines, vehicles, transportation systems, etc.—is no different than what goes on in the river basin every time there is a downpour. The river basin throbs, contorts itself and improves itself. It constantly pushes the logs out of the way. It widens the chan-
nels in the right places. A city’s design does the same thing. And this extends all the way to the language of biology, which is defined by evolution. I identified [this tendency] as a distinct separate, selfstanding tendency in nature. TC: Could you apply constructal law on a cosmic scale—to planets and galaxies? AB: Several [scientists] have written to me about this. I don’t know if they have published, but the connection with the pattern and “few large, many small,” which we see in the sky is also hierarchal. Personally, I have no doubt that the constructal law is applicable at all scales. The evolution for better and better “flowing” is happening at all scales, from the smallest capillary—30 microns—to the global scale. TC: So your work is science, not dealing with politics? AB: Absolutely. I want no part of the latter. My politics is that science is to be improved with better ideas. TC: So in constructal law, how do you explain a society in which very few are very wealthy and many are not? AB: Again, that is just one implication of the law. The answer is actually very simple. Movement on the landscape, all movement—the rivers, the winds, us— anything that moves... [occurs] because fuel is used. Fuel used is synonymous with wealth. We plotted the [gross domestic product] of all the countries versus fuel used per year. You have a [positive linear] proportionality that is crystal clear. Next, in everything that moves on the SEE BEJAN ON PAGE 7
903soundoff Men’s basketball head coach Mike Krzyzewski won his 903rd game Tuesday night, surpassing his mentor and legendary coach Bob Knight as the winningest NCAA Division I men’s basketball coach of all time. Although no benches were burned, Duke students were mostly excited and proud for Krzyzewski and the Blue Devils. The Chronicle’s Anna Koelsch spoke to students on campus about their reactions to the win. “I was in neuro class watching it on the livestream. It’s a big win for Duke basketball and for the whole school. The coolest part was how close Coach K and Bob Knight were. It’s cool how supportive Bob Knight has been to the very person who surpassed his achievement.” —sophomore Kyle Rand “It further represents that we have the best coach in NCAA history. He’s just a great person and really well respected. It’s great that he was able to surpass a milestone and have a record like this. He has such an important legacy—coaching the Olympics and being recognized in the NCAA for his amazing talent as a coach. It’s just phenomenal.” —senior Lauren Pfeiffer “They should have canceled classes for tomorrow.” —sophomore Michael Di Nunzio “It’s such an exciting time to be a member of the Duke community! Coach K is an upstanding man and deserving of such a title. His humility despite it all is what really impresses me. Duke is privileged to have a leader like him in our midst—903, baby!” —junior Jessie Narloch
“I love the respect and recognition Coach K is getting from coaches around the nation. It’s so cool to be a part of his legacy and be on a campus that lives and breathes Coach K.” —sophomore Gracie Lynne “Even though he didn’t win every game and there were years that we didn’t win a championship, Coach K shows us that we can achieve our goals no matter what.” —sophomore Nia Deeyor “I didn’t have a doubt that he would get there. I’m not surprised.... He’s Coach K.” —sophomore Akshita Iyer “I thought it was really cool that my entire... dorm packed into the common room to watch. I’d never watched a televised game with everyone cheering for the same side. As a freshman, it was new to me.” —freshman Dutch Waanders “I’m so happy that he is our coach and nobody else’s. He is my hero.” —sophomore Miranda Schartz “It’s really admirable that he can have so many wins and still be respected by his players and fans and still be so humble.” —sophomore Kenneth Liu “He won?” —sophomore Noha Sherif “They were showing the game in the Link, and we all stopped studying to watch. I’m not the biggest basketball fan, but it’s exciting. Everyone always says Coach K is the best and this proves it.... It’s undisputed.” —sophomore Grady Lenkin
For more coverage of Coach K’s 903rd win, check out dukechronicle.com
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6 | WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 16, 2011
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Iran’s Ahmadinejad goes on the offensive, threatens opponents By Thomas Erdbrink THE WASHINGTON POST
TEHRAN, Iran — For months, Iran’s clerical establishment and Revolutionary Guard Corps commanders have been trying to curb the powers of President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad. In recent weeks, the president has fought back, using combative speeches and threats to reveal his opponents’ corruption in order to hold on to his job. The tactics appear to be working, according to parliament members and analysts. Once thought to be a political has-been, Ahmadinejad has defied expectations, and opponents say they do not believe he will step aside early or quietly serve out a term that ends in 2013. Instead, they say, he seems determined to try to exert power well beyond that point, by placing close associates in key positions. He has already begun aggressively mobilizing political forces across the country and is preparing for key parliamentary elections scheduled for March 2.
“We have all underestimated Ahmadinejad,” said an opposition politician, a supporter of the now-silenced Green Movement who insisted on anonymity because he, like dozens of others, was told to return to prison to serve outstanding sentences. “Ahmadinejad has returned like a phoenix rising from the ashes.” After a falling out in the spring with the country’s supreme leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, Ahmadinejad’s position had appeared untenable. Although the two men have not publicly acknowledged the spat, a number of Shiite clerics and Revolutionary Guard commanders who had been Ahmadinejad supporters have launched a series of relentless attacks against the president and made clear that their loyalties lie with Khamenei. Even before the public dispute began, tensions between Ahmadinejad and Khamenei had been brewing for more SEE IRAN ON PAGE 8
Facebook security breach raises concerns By Hayley Tsukayama THE WASHINGTON POST
A widespread spam attack on Facebook has caused violent and pornographic images to be posted on some users’ profile pages, representing one of the worst security breaches in the young website’s history and raising concerns about its vulnerability to hackers. The company, which acknowledged the problem Monday, said it was working to shut down the accounts responsible for the attack. The disturbing pictures surfaced as the company tries to quell concerns about user safety and privacy. Facebook is reportedly
near a settlement with the Federal Trade Commission over complaints about the way it stores and shares user data. Experts said that while this latest attack didn’t appear to compromise users’ data, it was a serious security breach. “Protecting the people who use Facebook from spam and malicious content is a top priority for us, and we are always working to improve our systems to isolate and remove material that violates our terms,” Facebook spokesman Andrew Noyes said in a statement. “Our efforts have drastically limited the damage caused by this attack, and we are now in the process of SEE FACEBOOK ON PAGE 8
HEALTH CARE from page 4 getting toward the national average.” Another notable improvement is in environmental health. Since 2005, more children are being screen for elevated blood lead levels—about a 10 percent increase in children tested and a .5 percent decrease in children found with elevated levels of lead in their blood. In addition, the incidence of asthma among children has decreased to 16.8 percent from 17.8 percent since 2005, according to the report. “In terms of environmental health, we are definitely moving in the right direction,” Bell said. “For example, the Community Care for North Carolina program has improved the early diagnosis of asthma and provided children with primary and preventive care.” Despite these advances in child health, there is still need for improvement. North Carolina received a “D” grade in the category of alcohol, tobacco and substance abuse among high school students. A notable trend is the increase in adolescents taking prescription drugs illegally—a statistic that has grown from 17.1 percent to 20.5 percent within four years, Yorkery said. “Prescription drugs is becoming a major issue among parents and legislators,” Yorkery said. “Students have reported to taking a range of prescription drugs, such as OxyContin, Vicodin, Adderall and Ritalin.” North Carolina also received a “C” in the breast-feeding category. Since 2003, the percent of infants to be breast-fed has decreased from 71.7 to 67.3 percent since 2003. “This decrease in breast-feeding was surprising to us,” Yorkery said. “Many N.C. hospitals are now engaged in efforts to increase breast-feeding by developing specific hospital practices. There is definitely still a lot of room to improve.”
THE CHRONICLE
WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 16, 2011 | 7
BEJAN from page 5 landscape, there are a few big channels [of movement] and many small channels. For example, if someone wants to fly, say from Madagascar to let’s say Greenland, that somebody always has to fly through the heart of Europe, say Paris or London. The way in which this design emerged is completely natural—there was no [United Nations] 100 years ago to say, “Listen, you should fly this way.” No, this happened the same way the river basin is formed when the rain is falling. So the burning of fuel is hierarchical. Because movement and fuel mean wealth, wealth is hierarchal. Hierarchy here can be exemplified by [wealth] or any other example you pick. The winds flow the same way. The oceanic currents flow the same way. A turbulent jet has some large eddies and many small eddies and on and on. City traffic has few large streets and many small streets. All these things that happen naturally speak of hierarchy. Yet today, you hear all this belly-aching about the fact that advanced countries are consuming too much fuel. Some countries are guzzlers of fuel. Yeah, they are. Because if the movement were not to be created
WEBMAIL from page 3 Webmail, and we accelerated our move to the latest version to address those concerns before any accounts were compromised,” O’Donnell wrote in an email Tuesday. The changes apply to both versions of Webmail—the more recent Webmail system, which has been around since 2009, and Webmail Classic, which predated Webmail by several years and was maintained because it includes certain unique functions such as access to shared folders, O’Donnell said. The changes also apply to the University’s departmental email systems. Jill Rubin, a freshman who uses Webmail, said she likes the look of the new interface but noted some reservations, such as the seemingly slower speed of the new system. “It’s pretty easy to use and self-explanatory, but I think we should have been notified about the change and informed about the differences before it appeared online,” Rubin wrote in an email Tuesday. About 43 percent of Duke students forward their Webmail messages to a different email address, and 36 percent of the student body forward Webmail to Gmail specifically, O’Donnell said. Some students said the changes to Webmail will likely not convert students who already forward their mail back to Webmail.
in this hierarchal way, the whole globe would be slowing down. TC: So it’s the most efficient way? AB: Absolutely. And it’s the whole globe that has voted for it, through economic links, trade agreements. Everybody wants to be connected to flow more and more easily—meaning, in economics, to move longer for lower prices, safer, all of that. So the politically correct notion that the use of fuel should be distributed more equitably is nonsense. It is distributed equitably—in the best way—as the global community requires. TC: Is that a Massachusetts Institute of Technology class ring? That’s a beaver, right? AB: Yeah, this is the brass rat. I was an undergraduate, Class of ’71—I have all my degrees from MIT, and I started out [as an undergraduate]. I love this mascot. TC: Because it is nature’s engineer? AB: Not only that. The idea is that among all the animals, the beaver is the relentless engineer. You know, there are people who destroy his dams. Guess what he does over night? He chops new trees and makes his dam again. [Likewise], nature is not only a designer but a relentless designer. “Maybe [the improvements] will make a difference for incoming students,” Choi said. “People like me who are already forwarding the emails to Gmail wouldn’t even know that the website was being revamped, so we would just continue using what we were using before.” In light of Gmail’s popularity among Duke students, Duke Student Government is working on a project to bring Google Apps for Education to the University, said senior Christina Lieu, DSG vice president for athletics, services and the environment. Lieu is spearheading the project. DSG recently issued a survey about the possibility of switching from Webmail to Gmail. Of the roughly 540 respondents, 90 percent supported the change, she said. “Although the Webmail interface has been improved, I think that Gmail is already so widely used by the student body that very few will switch back to using Webmail,” Lieu wrote in an email Monday. “In fact, many of the students I have spoken to weren’t even aware of the changes because they don’t use Webmail to begin with.” Although Gmail might be more popular, O’Donnell said the University considers it important to give students Duke-affiliated email addresses. “The duke.edu address gives students and faculty and staff a certain legitimacy, reflecting the prestige of our institution,” he said.
Duke Intensive Spanish in Alicante May 19-June 29
Information Meeting Wednesday, November 16 5:00 to 6:00 pm 123 Old Chem Study abroad in Spain this summer and earn 2 course credits! Complete Spanish 1 & 2 or Spanish 63 & 76. Eligible students are those that would place into Spanish 1 or Spanish 63.
Global Education Office for Undergraduates
global.duke.edu/geo
Check out our Q&A with Law School Dean David Levi online at dukechronicle.com
SYSTEM from page 4 “To ensure safety and reliability, there will be no moving parts and the whole system is totally based on gravity,” Deshusses said. “Gravity never fails.” The research is still in its starting phase. Deshusses plans to spend about a year refining the design and enhancing its performance. Nine months after that, he will produce a prototype to test in the laboratory and in the field. Deshusses said he might explore a partnership with the DukeEngage program in Honduras if the test results are promising. If field tests prove successful, more installations will be set up across the world, he added. George Truskey, chair of the department of biomedical engineering, thought the project is promising but still has to face many challenges before being functional for ordinary households. “It could have widespread application,
addressing not only issues about human waste processing in underdeveloped countries but also problems regarding livestock waste in our country,” Truskey said. “But there would be lots of challenges along the way, such as cost, manufacturing quality and safety.” Truskey said that the atmosphere of interdisciplinary collaboration at Duke would be a facilitator for Deshusses to realize his goal. “Duke has experts of nearly all health-related issues who are really helpful,“ Truskey said. “If [Deshusses] faces some difficulties—for example, questions about infectious disease— he does not need to contact someone a thousand miles away. His colleagues are always ready to help.” The Grand Challenges Exploration program of the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation is a $100 million initiative rewarding innovative ideas that aim to confront global health challenges. It has awarded grants to 603 researchers from 44 countries, according to the program’s website.
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IRAN from page 6 than a year. Ahmadinejad’s government had refused to enforce what hard-line clerics consider the proper etiquette for women wearing the veil, promoted Iran’s pre-Islamic history and flirted with talks with the United States, all of which defied the supreme leader or his allies. Ahmadinejad’s opponents now accuse the president and his close advisers of being a “deviant current” plotting to take power from the Shiite clerics who have led Iran since the 1979 Islamic revolution. But Ahmadinejad has struck back with equal ferocity. Allegations of corruption against senior leaders of Iran’s system were long considered taboo, but have now become a recurring theme of the president’s speeches. Such allegations are popular with ordinary Iranians,
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many of whom have long accused top clerics of accumulating wealth through their influential positions. This month Ahmadinejad spoke to about 500 campaign officials in one of Tehran’s most prestigious political venues, a witness said. In his speech, he warned of an unavoidable confrontation between him and his opponents, who he said “go on vacation for three months with filled wallets.” He accused his opponents of being poor people “who turned into billionaires” through corruption. “The people’s pain and dissatisfaction is because of those who claim to support the supreme leader,” he said. The speech was supposed to be off the record, but was published in part by the website dolatema.com, which supports Ahmadinejad’s government but is blocked in Iran, a sign of the increasing pressures on the president. About the same time as the speech, documents were
leaked to the press linking a key Ahmadinejad opponent in parliament to a major embezzlement case. Meanwhile, the president won a key vote in parliament that he had been widely expected to lose. After the vote, one lawmaker, Ali Motahari, handed in his resignation, which was not accepted by other members of parliament. He summed up Ahmadinejad’s grip on Iran’s leaders in the Tehran Emrouz newspaper: “A person has some documents and is bold, and we should all do as he wishes until his term ends,” he said. Analysts say the president’s increasingly aggressive rhetoric is forcing the clerical and security establishment to make a decision on Ahmadinejad’s political future. “It is clear there will be no compromise possible with Ahmadinejad,” said Abbas Abdi, a political analyst who opposes the government’s policies and some decisions by Iran’s clerical leaders. “If anybody wants to put him aside, it will come at great political costs.”
FACEBOOK from page 6
Jimmy preach
TORI POWERS/THE CHRONICLE
Visiting guest speaker Jimmy Creech, former United Methodist Church minister whose ordination was revoked for officiating over gay marriages, explores spiritual violence against the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender community at the Divinity School Tuesday.
investigating to identify those responsible.” According to Facebook, users were somehow tricked into copying and pasting malicious code into their browser bars. Hackers then gained access to their profiles and could post whatever they wished, and any of the user’s Facebook friends could see the images. Chester Wisniewski, a security researcher at Sophos, said similar schemes in the past have lured users in with promises of free or discounted products. It was unclear Tuesday who was responsible. Groups of hackers have threatened to put out a virus to “take down Facebook” over their concerns with the way it handles user privacy. Daimon Geopfert, a security expert for RSM McGladrey, said that this was one of the largest Facebook attacks he has seen. The scale and speed were “unprecedented,” he said. Experts said it was easy to imagine another attack on the Facebook platform that would be more troubling: sending false messages to family and friends to lure them to malicious sites, where they might be tricked into revealing private information. They warned that hackers could use the template of this attack to launch copycat efforts. The presence of the photos upset many Facebook users, who took to Twitter to say they were weighing whether to deactivate their accounts. Part of Facebook’s success has stemmed from its ability to get developers to create games and other applications that work seamlessly on the site’s platform. But giving such leeway to outside programmers means the site is also vulnerable to hackers, Wisniewski said. Facebook could be doing more to stop these kinds of attacks, he said, such as checking the credentials of programmers who register with the site and giving users the option to double-check any actions before they take effect. The company has made an effort to make things seamless, he said, but convenience often comes at the expense of security. “The technical pieces of this aren’t going to matter,” Geopfert said. “The idea that it happened and that the platform is more risky than you thought is damaging.” Washington Post Co. chairman and chief executive Donald Graham is a member of the Facebook board of directors.
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>> INSIDE
The Chronicle
WEDNESDAY November 16, 2011
Turn the pages for photos and commentary from Mike Krzyewski’s historic victory and a timeline of the most important events of his illustrious career.
www.dukechroniclesports.com
BEST OF A FEW GOOD MEN Duke beats MSU to earn Krzyzewski No. 903
CHRIS DALL/THE CHRONICLE
Head coach Mike Krzyzewski won the 903rd game of his career Tuesday night against Michigan State, surpassing his mentor and former coach Bob Knight to become the winningest coach in Division I men’s basketball history.
Dawkins leads standout shooting performance by Andy Moore THE CHRONICLE
CHRIS DALL/THE CHRONICLE
Ryan Kelly made all three of his shots and both of his free throws Tuesday night, contributing 14 points and four rebounds to a Duke win.
NEW YORK — The actual events of Duke’s 74-69 win over Michigan State Tuesday night may be overshadowed by head coach Mike Krzyzewski’s record-breaking moment. That would overshadow one of the best performances by junior Andre Dawkins in a Duke uniform, however. The guard went 8-for-15 from the field, including a spellbinding 6-for-10 performance from downtown, en route to 26 points, three rebounds and four steals. Perhaps more importantly, Dawkins was hot when the rest of his team was not in the first half. With the Blue Devils down two with 6:06 left in the first half, Dawkins hit a 3-pointer to give Duke a one-point lead. With 4:16 left in the first period, he hit another trey to tie it up at 28. When Duke went into the locker room at the half, only up one, Dawkins stood out as the MVP for his team, with 14 points on 5-for-9 shooting. “Andre had the best game of his career at Duke,” Krzyzewski said. “Not just the points, but he had four steals and no turnovers.” Dawkins has had difficulties getting it going so far this year. The junior went 2-for-7 for six points against Belmont. He then went 1-for-3 for only four points in the blowout against Presbyterian. It looked a bit like the guard was entering a similar lull that characterized his play during the second half of last season, in which he struggled to get his shot going and he sat for long stretches of time on the bench. But last night, Dawkins turned it on, leading his team with 38 minutes of strong play. It is no suprise that Nolan Smith, after the junior hit his 20th point, tweeted about Dawkins, “It’s a coming out party!”
CHRIS DALL/THE CHRONICLE
Andre Dawkins’ hot hand carried the Blue Devils Tuesday night. He made 6-of-10 shots from long range and finished with 26 points.
10 | WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 16, 2011
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THROUGH THE YEARS NBA comes calling
Born in Chicago
Foster left Duke after six seasons to become the head coach at South Carolina, and Duke replaced him with Krzyzewski, who had been head coach at Army since 1975, leading the Black Knights to a 73-59 record.
With six future NBA players on his roster and two assistant coaches who would go on to head coaching jobs of their own, Krzyzewski led his team to a 72-65 victory over Kansas in the NCAA national championship game. The Blue Devils repeated as champions in 1992 and have won two more titles since—in 2001 and 2010.
Around the time of the NBA draft in late June, Los Angeles Lakers general manager Mitch Kupchak approached Krzyzewski about the Lakers’ head coaching vacancy. That set off several weeks of tense speculation, especially when it was reported that the Lakers offered Krzyzewski a five-year, $40 million contract that would have made him the highest-paid coach in pro sports history. On July 5, Krzyzewski officially spurned the Lakers’ offer to remain at Duke.
1947
1980
1991
2004
1969
Graduates from Army Krzyzewski played for four years as a point guard at the United States Military Academy under thenhead coach Bob Knight. He was captain of the team his senior year, and after serving in the Army until 1974, he worked for a year as a graduate assistant under Knight at Indiana.
NCAA champs
In his 37th season, Krzyzewski earned career victory No. 903. He passed his mentor Bob Knight to become the winningest head coach in Division I basketball history.
2011
1986
1994
2008
First NCAA tournament Krzyzewski earned his first bid to the Final Four behind a quartet of
Absence from bench After starting the season 9-3, health
On the world stage
talented seniors—Johnny Dawkins (20.2 ppg), Mark Alarie (17.2 ppg), David Henderson (14.2 ppg) and Jay Bilas (6.8 ppg).Although he was unable to return to the Final Four the next year, 1986 marked the beginning of a run of seven Final Fours in nine years—a feat that remains unmatched.
issues forced Krzyzewski to take a leave of absence from his head coaching position. He offered to resign from his post, but Duke declined his offer. Under assistant Pete Gaudet, the Blue Devils went 4-15 before Krzyzewski returned to health and coaching in 1995.
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Greatest ever
After taking over a disgraced USA Basketball program in 2006, Krzyzewski led the so-called “Redeem Team”— featuring NBA superstars LeBron James, Kobe Bryant and Dwyane Wade—to a gold medal at the Beijing Olympics. When he guided the national team to a win at the FIBA World Championships in 2010, he became the first coach in history to win an NCAA championship and gold at both the Olympics and the world championships.
CHRONICLE FILE PHOTOS
Duke’ s hire Then-head coach Bill
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WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 16, 2011 | 11
Sights and sounds from Krzyzewski’s milestone “Mike has meant so much to our sport and to college athletics. He truly has been a gift to our profession. His legacy not only will be measured by his wins and accomplishments, but also by the grace and dignity he displayed throughout his career. I will forever be thankful that he has been such a big part of my life and coaching career.” — Mike Brey
“After reading about Roger Bannister and the Four Minute Mile, I thought it would be neat to be the first coach to win 900 games. Once I reached that, I was hoping Mike would be the first person to surpass it.... The history of college basketball has had no better coach than Mike Krzyzewski.” — Bob Knight
“I didn’t commit to play at Duke because I thought he would be the best coach of all time but because I knew he was the best coach for me. That he ended up being both is remarkable. ” — Jay Bilas
“It’s a huge honor.... It’s truly a blessing to play for Coach K and just to be able to say that I was able to win him a couple of games.” — Nolan Smith “Very fortunate to be able to share in Coach K’s No. 903 win tonight. So proud to be a part of his legacy.” — Shane Battier PHOTOS BY CHRIS DALL/THE CHRONICLE
12 | WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 16, 2011
903 from page 1 college basketball will [too].” Despite the narrow final margin, the game was never in doubt after Duke broke away with a 16-1 run early in the second half, sparked by three consecutive 3-pointers from Andre Dawkins, Ryan Kelly and Curry. The Spartans were held without a field goal for over seven minutes as Duke extended its lead to 19. “For 15 minutes I thought we played beautiful basketball,” Krzyzewski said. “We executed well and our defense was very, very good.” The first half, though, was an entirely different story. From the start, the Blue Devils came out “tight or tentative,” Krzyzewski said, and struggled to find their rhythm on offense. They shot just 9-of-22 from the field, but were carried by a career performance from Dawkins, who had 14 points on 5-of-9 shooting—including 4-of-6 from 3-point range—in the opening period alone. The junior would finish with a game-high 26 points, including six 3-pointers. “I thought Dawkins played his tail off,” Michigan State head coach Tom Izzo said. Although Dawkins dominated from the perimeter, Spartan big men Draymond Green and Branden Dawson were almost equally successful on the interior, scoring the bulk of their team’s 16 points in the paint and holding Duke to just four in the half.
TRIUMPH from page 1 Over the past 31 years, Duke fans have gotten to watch a man who is now, unequivocally, the greatest coach in college basketball history. Last night’s game—a 74-69 win over Michigan State—was a sloppy win, and the team looked rough in the final few minutes, but it doesn’t matter. K got 903. It was a long, long road to this point. In 1980, athletic director Tom Butters hired Krzyzewski away from West Point, where he had coached for five years, and where he was coming off a 9-17 season. When he came to the school, as a Polish guy with a funny name, the newscasters—and Butters himself—both mispronounced his name on the nightly broadcasts. Go look it up, it’s on YouTube. K lost big, and he lost badly his first few years. He went 17-13 in 1981, then 10-17 in ’82 and 11-17 in ’83. Although he struggled, Dean Smith, on Durham’s left, won his first national championship. Jimmy Valvano, on the right, improbably won one for N.C. State. K and the Blue Devils, meanwhile, languished. Their ’83 season came to an ignominious end with a 109-66 loss to Ralph Sampson and Virginia.
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The teams traded the lead five times in the first period and went into halftime with Duke up one, 34-33. After the break, however, the pair would combine to shoot just 2-for-10 as Kelly and Mason Plumlee began helping on defense more aggressively in the post. “[Green] tried to do a little bit too much making those plays,” Izzo said. “I go through [the big men] a lot so I would not blame [Green]. I would blame me. I am the one that wants him to have the ball more… and he is going to have to grow on that.” Duke provided extensive pressure in the backcourt as well, holding Michigan State, which shot 20 3-pointers against North Carolina last week, to only 12 attempts—and just four makes. With 16:24 remaining and the Blue Devils leading 4140, Dawkins started the most lopsided portion of the game with a 3-pointer from the wing. Two minutes later, the score was 50-40—the smallest Spartan deficit until there were just 73 seconds left in the game. “I thought we played really well, especially in the second half,” Curry said. “We kind of imposed our will.” In those final minutes, sloppy play from the Blue Devils gave Michigan State a chance at a last-ditch comeback effort. Keith Appling had four straight baskets on his team’s final four possessions, but Duke made 7-of-8 free throws down the stretch to ice the landmark victory. “I don’t know yet [what the record means to me],” Krzyzewski said. “I think it will mean a lot when it’s all over.”
Head coach Mike Krzyzewski returned to Durham with his wife Mickie early Wednesday morning and was greeted with chants of “9-0-3.”
In a Denny’s after the game as the coaching staff licked its wounds, someone raised a glass. “Here’s to forgetting tonight,” he said. K’s response? “Here’s to never f—ing forgetting tonight,” he said. It would be eight years before Duke lost to Virginia again. Krzyzewski and Duke went on a roll. Nine years after that night at Denny’s, Krzyzewski won the first of his four national championships. He soon became widely considered as the best coach in the game. He won a ton of ACC championships and an Olympic gold medal, and he publicly spurned the NBA three times. He won more national titles than anyone else in the ’90s and ’00s, and he said last night that winning those championships was more special than breaking the record Tuesday night, because the whole group got to experience it. Somehow I think that the former players who made the trip to Madison Square Garden last night, from Grant Hill to Shane Battier, from Carlos Boozer to Chris Duhon, from Olympians Chris Paul to Carmelo Anthony, all felt last night was pretty special, too, though. “This something I’m going to remember for the rest of
my life,” Seth Curry said in the locker room afterward. After the final buzzer reverberated throughout the Garden Tuesday, “Let’s Go, Duke” chants rang out. “Taking Care of Business” played through the loudspeakers. Krzyzewski shook Izzo’s hand. Photographers flocked around K, their flashbulbs lighting up the coach’s face like the Christmas trees in the Macy’s window sills a few blocks away. Krzyzewski headed over to where Knight sat at the ESPN booth. The two, who went through a contentious time in the late ’90s, embraced. “Coach, I’m not sure people tell you this, but I love you and I love what you’ve done for me, and thank you,” Krzyzewski said. Weighty stuff. But then again, this was a big moment. The question that will follow now will be simple—what will drive K after this? Sportswriter and Krzyzewski confidant John Feinstein told me last week that he believes that K does not really need milestones like this to self-motivate. He enjoys the challenges of coaching, the fluid nature of his teams. But for now, that’s not what’s important. K is at the top. Hail, hail.
MELISSA YEO/THE CHRONICLE
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Who guards the guardians? The disturbing scandal at protect their jobs and the repuPennsylvania State University tations of their employers, even has given rise to revelation after if this means giving justice and revelation. Many of these reve- morality short shrift. lations are cause for concern in These scandals aren’t themselves, but we are particu- confined to athletics departlarly troubled ments. At Duke editorial by the narrative and elsewhere, of cover-up that university ininvolves university administra- terests always threaten to sutors, law enforcement and the persede what is right, whethbroader State College com- er that’s the speedy handling munity. Because these parties of sexual misconduct comfailed to thoroughly investigate plaints or paying off-campus the increasingly evident crimes neighbors proper respect. of a former assistant coach, We offer an unfortunate Penn State may find its name litany of examples: dragged through the mud in In March 2011, 16 Yale the national media and its fi- students and alumni filed nances devastated by litigation. complaints with the DepartWhat is abundantly clear is ment of Education’s Office that members of any university for Civil Rights. The comcommunity—especially admin- plaints alleged that Yale had istrators and law enforcement— violated Title IX regulahave tremendous incentives to tions by failing to deal with
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I really hope the SASC will approve Prof. Silliman’s nomination - Congrats Prof. Silliman! —“dpq1230” commenting on the story “Obama taps Silliman for judgeship” See more at www.dukechronicle.com.
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a campus environment that permitted sexual assaults. What is even more troubling, however, are the narratives that emerged in the wake of these complaints. More than one student purported being sexual harassed by university faculty without resolution. Last spring, Duke saw similar three similar complaints regarding Title IX violations. Two of these accused the University of slow and inadequate action in response to grievances of sexual harassment, and the third alleged retaliation against a complainant after a complaint was filed with Office of Civil Rights. We don’t speculate as to the truth of these complaints, but their very possibility raises hackles. These examples extend to
more quotidian matters. For more than a decade, Trinity Park, a popular off-campus housing neighborhood near East Campus, played host to a heated controversy about how to deal with raucous students. This saga progressed in stages, with the University and the Durham Police Department alternatively cracking down and going easy on students. In 1998, the DPD arrested 62 people during the first weekend of school. But, by Fall 1999, residents were once again complaining about noisy and debauched students. That this struggle even occurred attests to the powerful influence universities have in shaping the application of the law. It is evident that morality should never take a backseat to universities’ never-ending
grab for reputation. Universities work feverishly to protect their fragile names, which drive the prestige game’s most important numbers—things like matriculation rates, rankings and endowment size. But morality should always trump these games. When boundaries are crossed and laws are broken, universities should take action and inform police instead of turning a blind eye, even if this means exposing a story that becomes a national scandal. In fact, schools that overlook issues of law and morals may save face in the short term but cannot avoid long-term repercussions. A hidden scandal brought to light can be far more devastating than a crime honestly reported.
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echnology is advancing at a faster rate than end of the day, they still make mistakes; they still ever before in the history of mankind. Imag- take coffee breaks; and they still become exhaustine—10 years ago, we couldn’t fathom what ed. They are, after all, human. Computers, on the a smartphone would look like. A other hand, are able to do their jobs phone that can browse the Internet? for less, they never become tired Seriously? We were still using dial-up. and they can work 24 hours a day Broadband was a luxury few could if necessary. afford, and wireless Internet was the As computers become better at stuff of dreams. Yet here we are, 10 reading images and diagnosing disyears later: Life without broadband eases, even medical doctors, who is torturously slow, and living without are often regarded as the golden wireless is a complete nightmare. standard for career security, are at rui dai Many therefore believe that, at risk. It is standard practice for doca picture’s worth this rate of development, technoltors to refer patients with difficult ogy will soon reach greater heights symptoms or uncertain phenotypes than we could ever imagine. And they are right. to one of their colleagues to make sure that the diTen years from now, the world will probably look a agnosis is correct. By introducing computers with lot different than it does today. Just as the Industri- the ability to identify abnormal characteristics in al Revolution changed the way society functions, clinical images, fewer doctors are needed for secthe current technological revolution will change ond opinions. As a result, the total number of docthe ways we live and work. tors needed decreases as well. Consequently, it is no surprise that many preHowever, this does not mean that computers dict a future in which technology will take over will replace human beings. It doesn’t even mean human jobs. Even the most technically skilled in- that mankind will become unemployable and obdividuals, such as lawyers and medical doctors, will solete. It just means that we are on the cusp of a not be immune. greater revolution. Farhad Manjoo suggests, in a five-part series on Many of the jobs available in today’s market are the robot invasion published in Slate Magazine, monotonous, like the secretary who only takes calls that computers have already started to hollow out and relays the information, or the doctor who only the middle class, creating a bimodal distribution asks the same questions and gives the same responses of wealth in our society. Lower, menial jobs are not over and over again to each new patient. There is a sufficiently cost-effective to be replaced by com- reason why most people do not find their jobs fulfillputers and technology. As long as there are people ing. Humans were born with a greater purpose than willing to do the dirty work at or below minimum mere repetition. That’s what machines are made for. wage, the cost of making a computer or robot to Our brains have a much greater potential—we have do their jobs does not outweigh the gain. Similar- the faculties needed to solve problems in innovative ly, members of today’s 1 percent will be inventing ways and to find beauty in chaos. and owning the robots, and will therefore remain We were meant to be creative, and computers rich and powerful. will finally allow us to do that without the burden of Robots will replace mainly the middle class. monotonous work. We can formulate ideas in our They have already replaced many secretaries, tax heads. We can imagine a vision and then create it. advisers and customer service representatives. Tur- We can invent and dream. Computers can’t. boTax does what a tax adviser does for less than In the end, this is what education must address. $30 and Siri tells you when you have conflicting In order to avoid being replaced by computers, we appointments for only a fraction of a secretary’s must learn how to better tap into our fundamental salary. If your job often consists of monotonous abilities as humans. Education must help us eninformation processing, then robots have already hance our creativity. begun the takeover. Next, they will target jobs that The purpose of education is not to help us get require years of education and specialization. a job—if all that Duke does is ensure us an internLawyers, for example, currently charge an ab- ship/job at McKinsey and teaches us nothing in surd amount of money for the countless hours the process, then, in all probability, we will all bethey spend sifting through legal documents pre- come obsolete 30 years from now. selected by their paralegals. This is not only exThe purpose of a Duke education is to help us pensive for clients, but it is also extremely ineffi- become more human. cient. The education and debt that each lawyer needs to accumulate just to obtain the privilege Rui Dai is a Trinity junior. Her column runs every to sift through articles is astronomical, and, at the other Wednesday.
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Moving past sunk costs
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here is no point in arguing about sunk costs. Simply put, there is nothing we can do about it now, and bickering about money already spent—I mean, the $42.5 million Duke Kunshan University is expected to cost the University is probably less than Kim Kardashian’s next marriage—is irrelevant. Yeah, yeah, spending money on professors and getting rid of asbestos in Central Campus apartments over winter break would be nice, but what’s done is done. So there’s no sense in complaining antonio segalini about Kunshan. Sure, five of six buildmusings ings isn’t exactly what we signed up for, but DKU is now a sunk cost. It’s safe to assume that the $42.5 million will not be coming back and cannot be recovered. The cost of DKU should be mitigated by the fact that Duke University’s endowment, contributed to by more than 4,000 individuals’ funds and donations, is now valued at $5.7 billion, according to the most recent reports. This is a significant increase from $4.8 billion at the end of the 2009-2010 fiscal year. The foundation most consistently tied to Duke University, the Duke Endowment, saw its assets increase in value from $2.5 billion to $2.7 billion from Dec. 31, 2009, to Dec. 31, 2010. If you are confused about the difference between Duke’s endowment and the Duke Endowment, you are not alone. Just know that James B. Duke started the Duke Endowment, which provides for Davidson College, Duke University, Johnson C. Smith University and Furman University, among other institutions. It also sponsors some local initiatives, with a comprehensive breakdown found in their annual report. Despite its multiple commitments, it is important to note the Duke Endowment will fund the $80 million West Union building renovations in its entirety and is a source of a large portion of Duke’s yearly donations. The successes of Duke’s Endowment and the Duke Endowment help narrow the gapping hole left by the recession. According to The Chronicle, The Duke Endowment “recovered about 80 percent of the losses it sustained in the economic downturn.” The Duke Endowment still hasn’t matched its 2007 level (which was more than $3 billion in assets), but everything seems to be getting back to normal. The argument against feeling comfortable and spending the money made is that the world is not in the clear economically. The European debt crisis is roaring, and I wouldn’t be surprised if the $5.8 billion endowment has shrunk since its fiscal year ended June 30. With Italian 10-year bonds being the next to hit the 7 percent yield threshold (which led Greece, Portugal and Ireland to seek bailouts) and eurozone officials saying they have no plans to bail out Italy, things may get very interesting very quickly. We’ve already seen economic leaders take over Greece and now Italy, and we will soon find out if austerity measures and new leadership are enough to restore confidence. But the Duke Endowment’s annual report states that only $48.6 million is invested in international fixed income, meaning there’s a very low chance we are hording Italian debt. Furthermore, the Duke Endowment puts $658.4 million toward hedging strategies, likely there to prevent a 2008 flashback. I don’t know their specific trading strategy or holdings, but I am going to assume that they aren’t stupid. Obviously, a global world means everything would be affected by European debt, but the only way to completely remove risk is to throw the money in a safe. I’m oversimplifying, but there are multiple fail-safes to ensure we don’t see too much red. Understanding that we’ve successfully regained a majority of our endowment and that our investors are now working with the added intelligence of seeing billions disappear, it’s time to look forward. According to a recent Chronicle story, New Campus is not scheduled to be built until restorations of the West Union building, Baldwin Auditorium and Page Auditorium are complete, meaning the large renovation will not begin until this new crop of freshmen have already graduated. After DKU and these renovations, New Campus should be the next large move Duke makes. A revitalization of Central Campus, New Campus advances academic endeavors, promotes collaborative learning and fosters interdisciplinary research. It is intended to complement East and West campuses and better connect them both physically and programmatically. A rise in the endowment and four years of potential growth means Duke should have the funds to make it happen. That’s why we need to start discussing New Campus again. No matter the outcome of DKU or renovations, we will never get back the money we spent. The success or failure of these two initiatives should not affect the future, as New Campus will not be related to either. The promise of New Campus needs to be revisited, for all of us. Antonio Segalini is a Trinity junior. His column runs every Wednesday.
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The culture of science
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n an essay in The New York Times last week, independent of it.” Put simply, Dr. Rosenberg beprofessor Alex Rosenberg, chair of the Duke lieves that science cannot accept “some ‘off-limits’ philosophy department, asks a loaded ques- sign at the boundary of the interpretative discition: “Can neurophilosophy save the plines.” humanities from hard science?” In order for this to hold water, Professor William Egginton of though, we would need a compelJohns Hopkins University answers ling reason to accept science over the essay, but he doesn’t say enough the humanities. The two cultures to defend the humanities. are in opposition, sure, but the The gigantic oh-my-god claim of humanities can undermine the sciDr. Rosenberg’s essay is that “the ences, too! Just read any garden only solution to the problem faced michael goodrich variety idealist or ask yourself what by the humanities, history and (auto) scientific proof we have that the scibiography, is to show that interpreta- between parentheses entific method works (i.e. that an tion can somehow be grounded in observed and “proven” causality will neuroscience.” Neurophilosophy seems to be Dr. always hold, or that natural laws are stable and perRosenberg’s answer to science’s invasion of terri- manent). In fact, if you want to take a standard of tories once held by the humanities. Unfortunately, complete proof as the measure of knowledge, then though (neuro)philosophy is safe, Dr. Rosenberg maybe the only thing that actually holds up is mathexplains that “the odds are against” neuroscience ematics (give me the field axioms and I can prove, justifying humanistic narrative interpretations (of undeniably, that zero times a real number equals history, civilization, thought, etc.). Therefore, “sci- zero). Everything else—including science—is ence will have to face plan B: treating the humani- predicated on our mediated perception of a world ties the way we treat the arts, indispensable parts that we can know only through the interaction of of human experience but not to be mistaken for our senses and our tools. Better yet, ignore all this contributions to knowledge.” In other words, un- and read Dostoevsky to find out why two plus two avoidable—but, from the perspective of progress, equals five can be true, too. (Why again is it that a unimportant. qualitative understanding of emotion, thought and Of course, the way Dr. Rosenberg chooses to de- perception is only sub-knowledge? How we justify fine knowledge—that which has been scientifically ourselves—as individuals, as societies—is just as proven—more or less makes his argument a tautol- important to our knowledge as whether those jusogy: Only the scientifically proven has been scien- tifications are correct.) tifically proven. That’s about as easy an argument to Nevertheless, Dr. Rosenberg justifies the primake as the one that all bachelors are unmarried. ority of science by explaining that “it is hard to Forget the numerous critiques of empiricism challenge the hard sciences’ basic picture of realfor now. The bigger problem with Dr. Rosenberg’s ity” because science “began by recursively reconargument is that it tries to wrest the concept of structing and replacing the common beliefs that knowledge away from the humanities and hold it turned out to be wrong by standards of everyday solely in the domain of the sciences. He might say experience.” that the humanities are still “indispensable parts of This says nothing of the body of humanistic human experience,” but it’s hard to think that Dr. knowledge we have today (which is, of course, Rosenberg regards them all that seriously when he methodologically improved by our scientific also compares them to folklore and bedtime sto- knowledge). The example only serves to show that ries. That’s the dangerous part. we ought to root our faulty reasoning within disciDoes pure science, stripped of all that is not-sci- plines, not the disciplines themselves. ence, know morality? How could neuroscience or Hesiod’s Theogeny might not be a good source neurophilosophy ever prove the value of a life or to go to if you want to know how the world came to the principle of equality? That neuroscience can be, but that doesn’t give us license to say that Benprove that we feel empathy makes no statement jamin Franklin’s autobiography, the Federalist paabout the value of it. The scientific method alone pers or even Thucydides’ History of the Peloponcannot make normative statements because there nesian War cannot contribute to our knowledge, is an element of judgment required. Science only and it’s an act of intellectual vandalism to define makes descriptive statements. It is in the humani- knowledge to exclude works like these. ties that the values of a society are considered and It is only when we consider what a Rosenbergian weighed. How should a state be organized? Should world would look like that we can understand the it seek the happiness of its citizens, efficiency, disenchantment and the impossibility of a purely wealth, power, allies? Neuroscience cannot answer naturalistic view that asks us to disintegrate everythis question. thing in our lives that we think we know and to acPart of Dr. Rosenberg’s justification for devalu- cept as truth only that which has been scientifically ing and deemphasizing the humanities with neu- proven. Progress only comes when we move past rophilosophy is that “science has been strongly petty antagonisms like these. Lord knows we don’t committed to the unification of theories from dif- need another round of culture wars. ferent disciplines. It cannot accept that the right explanations of human activities must be logically Michael Goodrich is a Trinity senior. His column incompatible with the rest of science, or even just runs every other Wednesday.
16 | WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 16, 2011
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