HUNTING & FISHING SOUTHWEST COLORADO GUIDE n 2022 A REGIONAL RESOURCE FOR HUNTING & FISHING ADVENTURES
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Table of Contents Hunting season dates 2022-2023 04 Big game facts & harvest statistics 06 Set your sights on success 08 Don’t moose around 10 Find the right ride 12 Use OHVs properly, know the rules 13 Turkeys test every hunter’s skill 14 Training the best hunting partner 16 Finding a stocked fishing hole 18 Hunting & fishing license fees 18 How to tie a fly 20 Camp eats for backcountry hunting 22 Prepare the harvest after the hunt 23 Ballantine Communications uses reasonable effort to include accurate and up-todate information for its special magazine publications. However, all information comes from a variety of sources and may change at any time for any reason. To verify specific information, refer to the organization or business noted. To view the online version of this guide, visit: www.durangoherald.com EXECUTIVECHIEFOFFICER Carrie Cass EDITORIAL Hunter Harrell special sections editor DESIGN Tad Smith manager of creative services Wes Rowell ADVERTISING Jamie Opalenik director of multimedia sales Kelly Bulkley Joe ShellGayleCarterKellyNelsonOzierReedVitariusSimonson PRODUCTION Ryan Brown production manager TRAVEL PLANNING resources Durango Service Center (970) 247-0855 San Juan National Forest (970) 247-4874 BLM Southwest Center (970) 240-5300 Pagosa RD Pagosa Springs (970) 264-1500 Pagosa FO Pagosa Springs (970) 264-2268 Tres Rios FO Dolores (970) 882-7296 Gunnison FO Gunnison (970) 641-0471 *RD = Ranger District *FO = Field Office AUGUST 2022 SOUTHWEST COLORADO HUNTING & FISHING GUIDE 3
Hunting season dates for 2022-2023 COLORADO PARKS & WILDLIFE DEER Archery Sept. 2-30 * Muzzleloader Sept. 10-18 * Second Rifle Oct. 29 - Nov. 6 Third Rifle Nov. 12-18 Fourth Rifle Nov. 23-27 Plains Rifle Oct. 29 - Nov. 8 ELK Archery Sept. 2-30 Muzzleloader Sept. 10-18 * First Rifle Oct. 15-19 Second Rifle Oct. 29 - Nov. 6 Third Rifle Nov. 12-18 Fourth Rifle Nov. 23-27 PRONGHORN Archery Aug. 15 -31* Muzzleloader Sept. 21-29 Oct.Rifle 1-9 * MOOSE Archery Sept. 10-30 Muzzleloader Sept. 10-18 Oct.Rifle 1-14 BEAR Archery Sept. 2-30 Muzzleloader Sept. 10-18 Sept. Rifle (limited) Sept. 2-30 * First Rifle Oct. 15-19 Second Rifle Oct. 29 - Nov. 6 Third Rifle Nov. 12-18 Fourth Rifle Nov. 23-27 Private Land Only Rifle Sept. 2 - Nov. 28 * SHEEP & GOATS Rocky Mountain Bighorn Sheep Aug. 1 - Dec. 31* Mountain Goat Sept. 6 - Oct. 31* Desert Bighorn Sheep Nov. 1-30 MOUNTAIN LION Fall season Nov. 28 - March 31 * Hunt seasons vary by license type and hunt location. Please see hunt tables and maps for details online at www. cpw.state.co.us. SMALL GAME Abert’s Squirrel Nov. 15 - Jan. 15 Beaver Oct. 1 - April 30 Bobcat Dec. 1 - Feb. 28 Badger, Fox, Mink, Muskrat, Pine Marten, Opossum, Raccoon, Ring-Tailed Cat, Skunk, Weasel Nov. 1 - Feb. 28 Common Snapping Turtle April 10 - Oct. 31 Cottontail Rabbit, Snowshoe Hare, Jackrabbit black- and white-tailed) Oct. 1 - Feb. 28 Coyote Year-Round Marmot Aug. 20 - Oct. 15 Prairie Dog June 15 - Feb. 28 Prairie Rattlesnake June 15 - Aug. 15 Squirrel: Fox and Pine Oct. 1 - Feb. 28 Squirrel: Wyoming Ground Year-round MIGRATORY & GAME BIRDS Band-Tailed Pigeon Sept. 1-14 Chukar Patridge Sept. 1 - Nov. 30 Crow Nov. 1 - Feb. 28 Dove: Mourning, White-Winged Sept. 1 - Nov. 29 Dove: Eurasian Collared Year-Round European Starling, House Sparrow Year-Round Greater Prairie Chicken Oct. 1 - Jan. 31 Grouse: Dusky (Blue) Sept. 1 - Nov. 27 Grouse: Greater Sage* Sept. 10 - Nov. 27 Grouse: Mountain Sharp-Tailed Sept. 1-18 Pheasant* Nov. 12 - Jan. 2 Quail: Northern, Bobwhite, Scaled, Gambel’s* Nov. 12 - Jan. 2 Rail: Sora, Virginia Nov. 12 - Jan. 2 Sandhill Crane Oct. 1 - Nov. 27 White-Tailed Ptarmigan* Sept. 10 - Oct. 2 Wilson’s Snipe Sept. 1 - Dec. 16 Duck, Coot and Teal Oct. 1 - Nov. 27 Central Flyway Dec. 25 - Jan. 31 Duck, Coot and Teal Oct. 1-18 Pacific Flyway Nov. 6 - Jan. 31 Dark Goose Oct. 1-19, Central Flyway Nov. 19 - Feb. 12 Dark Goose & Light Goose Pacific Flyway* Oct. 1 - Jan. 4 Light CentralGooseFlyway Oct. 29 - Feb. 12 Turkey Sept. 1 - Oct. 28* Dec. 15 - Jan. 15 * Hunt seasons vary by license type and hunt location. Please see hunt tables and maps for details online at www.cpw.state.co.us. Big SmallGameGame SOUTHWEST COLORADO HUNTING & FISHING GUIDE AUGUST 20224
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Big game facts & 2021 harvest statistics GMU Season* Bucks Does Harvest Hunters 70 ARCH 15 0 15 115 71 ARCH 10 0 10 85 711 ARCH 13 0 13 46 72 ARCH 16 0 16 61 73 ARCH 16 0 16 54 74 ARCH 24 0 24 95 741 ARCH 8 0 8 49 75 ARCH 37 14 51 194 77 ARCH 29 0 29 139 78 ARCH 48 0 48 143 751 ARCH 3 0 3 88 771 ARCH 0 0 0 6 70 MZL 30 0 30 74 71 MZL 14 0 14 36 711 MZL 12 0 12 39 72 MZL 31 0 31 45 73 MZL 22 0 22 57 74 MZL 28 0 28 84 741 MZL 10 0 10 27 75 MZL 48 0 48 123 77 MZL 25 5 30 90 78 MZL 49 0 49 108 751 MZL 17 0 17 85 771 MZL 0 0 0 13 70 2R 270 4 274 459 71 2R 85 0 85 184 711 2R 147 0 147 216 72 2R 147 0 147 241 73 2R 68 0 68 137 74 2R 35 0 35 91 741 2R 95 11 106 205 75 2R 164 8 172 376 77 2R 136 8 144 360 78 2R 130 0 130 323 751 2R 89 2 91 263 771 2R 155 4 159 216 DEER Estimated population: 427,000 in Colorado Diet: grass, forbs, twigs, vegetation Average life span: 5-8 years Average size: 3-3.5 feet tall, 4.5-7 feet long (females usually smaller than males) Average weight: 100-300 pounds (females usually smaller than males) Run speed: 30 mph GMU Season* Boars Sows Harvest 70 ARCH 7 3 10 71 ARCH 5 1 6 711 ARCH 5 2 7 73 ARCH 3 0 3 74 ARCH 6 0 6 741 ARCH 3 1 4 75 ARCH 2 1 3 751 ARCH 2 0 2 71 MZL 4 2 6 73 MZL 2 0 2 74 MZL 0 1 1 75 MZL 1 0 1 751 MZL 1 0 1 77 MZL 4 3 7 771 MZL 1 0 1 78 MZL 2 2 4 70 MZL 10 3 13 71 RR 14 5 19 711 RR 9 7 16 73 RR 7 2 9 74 RR 6 4 10 75 RR 2 1 3 751 RR 7 10 17 77 RR 20 4 24 BEAR Estimated population: 17,000-20,000 in Colorado Diet: berries, grass, herbs, vegetation, insects, fish, meat Average life span: 20-30 years Average size: 50-80 inches long (females usually smaller than males) Average weight: 100-500 pounds (females usually smaller than males) Run speed: 30 mph SOUTHWEST COLORADO HUNTING & FISHING GUIDE AUGUST 20226
*ARCH–Archery, MZL–Muzzleloader, RR–Regular Rifle, 2R–2nd Rifle *All statistics courtesy of Colorado Parks and Wildlife ELK Estimated population: 280,000 in Colorado Diet: grass, forbs, tree bark, twigs, vegetation Average life span: Average size: 4-5 feet tall, 6-8 feet long (females usually smaller than males) Average weight: 500-700 pounds (females usually smaller than males) Run speed: 35 mph SOUTHWEST REGION HARVEST STATISTICS Cottontail Rabbit – 7,084 Coyote – 6,271 Dusky Blue Grouse – 7,796 Pheasant – 1,539 GMU Season Bulls Sows Harvest Hunters 70 ARCH 119 32 157 887 71 ARCH 120 3 123 814 711 ARCH 34 3 37 250 72 ARCH 3 0 3 60 73 ARCH 16 0 20 197 74 ARCH 59 7 66 549 741 ARCH 12 4 16 64 75 ARCH 20 0 20 328 77 ARCH 61 11 82 748 78 ARCH 134 18 152 904 751 ARCH 28 0 28 280 771 ARCH 0 0 0 70 70 MZL 23 4 27 94 71 MZL 34 4 38 263 711 MZL 18 0 18 56 72 MZL 0 0 0 1469 73 MZL 6 2 8 170 74 MZL 39 3 42 170 741 MZL 0 0 0 11 75 MZL 7 0 7 67 77 MZL 7 0 7 147 78 MZL 14 2 16 88 751 MZL 16 14 30 30 771 MZL 11 0 11 33 70 2R 193 42 235 904 71 2R 68 3 71 728 711 2R 104 2 106 597 72 2R 8 2 10 155 73 2R 32 2 34 248 74 2R 60 8 68 576 741 2R 0 0 0 59 75 2R 77 6 86 430 77 2R 153 12 165 1,202 78 2R 221 0 224 1186 751 2R 72 4 76 305 771 2R 32 0 32 191 AUGUST 2022 SOUTHWEST COLORADO HUNTING & FISHING GUIDE 7
· Clearly identify your target and what is beyond it.
· Fire within the zone-of-fire, which is the 45-degree area directly in front of each hunter.Firearm chambers should be emptied when guns are not in use.
FIREARM REMINDERSSAFETY
· Always treat a firearm as if it is loaded.
After selecting a weapon for hunting, choose the type of ammunition for the type of game you plan to hunt. Due to different bullet weight, styles, and powders, it is important to use the same ammunition to sight the weapon and hunt.
· Never shoot from or over any road or highway.
· Only point at what you plan to shoot.
· Never modify or alter the gun.
Find a safe location. Colorado has both public and private shooting ranges open year-round. The public is also invited to participate in public sight-in days. Whether in a range or on public lands, be aware of your surroundings. Regulations for shooting on public land may differ based on agricultural, environmental and recreational interests. Contact the San Juan National Forest Service for more information about shooting on public land. Adjust the crosshairs. Be sure the gun is not loaded, then stabilize the weapon to look down the barrel. When the barrel is lined up with the target, look through the scope without moving the rifle and adjust the crosshairs. Some gunsmiths or ranges have a device that can perform this action in a fraction of the time, which is a great alternative for hunters in a time crunch.
Aside from ensuring accurate shots, sighting a rifle can be good target practice that helps hunters identify problems with their firing stance and technique. Sighting your weapon can also help you determine your accuracy at a specific range, building a marksman’s confidence in the field.
Here are some simple steps to properly align your sights.
Firearm safety is a critical component of safe hunting. Hunters use rifles, shotguns and other firearms. Each gun is different, so hunters need to familiarize themselves with new firearms before using them.
Set your sights on success HUNTER HARRELL U.S. FOREST CONTACTSSERVICE San Juan (970)
Grand(970)UncompahgreMesa/Gunnison/874-7691 SOUTHWEST COLORADO HUNTING & FISHING GUIDE AUGUST 20228
· Keep your finger off the trigger until ready to shoot.
· Use appropriate ammunition.
Take a test shot. Thanks to gravity, ammunition travels from a weapon in an arch rather than a straight line. After sighting a weapon without ammunition, it is time to take a test shot. If you’re working with a new firearm, consider starting with a closer target. If you’re simply fine-tuning a familiar weapon, go straight for the 100yard to 200-yard targets.
· Never cross a fence, jump a ditch or climb a tree with a loaded gun.
The following are some additional firearm safety tips from the Bureau of Land Management and Colorado Parks and Wildlife:
· Never rely on a gun’s safety. 247-4874
Most hunting skills are acquired through experience and practice. That means preparation begins long before open season with honing marksmanship skills. Whether using a bow or firearm, becoming more familiar with the weapon is imperative to hitting the intended target. Increasing the odds of a successful hunt means testing the weapon before each adventure.
Outdoor Range 29815 HW 160 Cortez Hunting Seasons Sight-In Dates 1st Rifle - October 13th & 14th 2nd Rifle - October 27th & 28th 3rd Rifle - November 11th one day Friday only! 9am to 3pm all dates FOUR CORNERS RIFLE AND PISTOL CLUB RIFLE SIGHT-INS. NON MEMBERS WELCOME! Attention Hunters! Made possible by La Plata Electric Association FOR FREE 9AM TO 5PM The Durango Gun Club’s Outdoor Range For more information: (970) 749-3453 OPEN TO THE PUBLIC OCT 13, 14 OCT 27, 28 NOV 10, 11 SIGHT YOUR SCOPES 401 West Main Street, Cortez 564-4636 PRE OWNED CARS AND TRUCKS Nizhonigo sha ada a’holjilya’ Before you go into the High Country on your HUNTING or FISHING adventure, come see JOHN and JUSTIN for ALL OF YOUR 4X4 NEEDS. SNOW, ICE, MUD, SCREE. DON’T GET STUCK! AUGUST 2022 SOUTHWEST COLORADO HUNTING & FISHING GUIDE 9
Photo by Jerry Neal, courtesy of CPW SOUTHWEST
“We want to remind folks to please properly identify their target before shooting any animal,” Archuleta said. “If a mistake is made, it is important for it to be reported honestly to our office immediately.”
Differences in antlers will also be apparent when hunting bulls. Moose antlers will grow out of the sides of the head, while elk antlers grow backward over their bodies. Elk antlers have one main beam with long points that grow off of it, whereas moose antlers have a paddle-like shape with many points growing off the thick, paddle-shaped portion.
It wasn’t long ago that it was incredibly rare to see a moose in Colorado, especially in the southwest portion of the state. But since reintroduction of about 100 Shiras moose to the Creede area along the upper Rio Grande drainage in 1991 and 1992, the population has grown and spread throughout the region.
For questions about hunting in moose country, call the Durango office at (970) 247-0855. For more information on moose in Colorado, go to https://cpw.state. co.us/learn/Pages/LivingwithWildlifeMoose.aspx.
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In recent years, CPW has seen more young bull moose on the landscape, and that has led to some elk hunters mistakenly shooting a moose.
Don’t moose around when identifying a target
The differentiating characteristics for cow moose and elk are the same as with bulls, except for the antlers.
JOHN LIVINGSTON
The most common misidentification Colorado hunters make is confusing elk and moose. With more moose, particularly young bull moose, on the landscape in southwest Colorado, it is increasingly more important for hunters to be aware of the difference in these animals.
“There is really good potential for seeing moose in our area,” said CPW Area Wildlife Manager Adrian Archuleta, who oversees the Durango office. “From Pagosa Springs and west to the Mancos area, we are seeing more moose, specifically younger bulls. While it may be more common to see them at higher elevation areas around Creede and Silverton, they are sometimes found at lower elevations.”
Moose also have a long, round nose compared to the narrow, pointed nose of an elk. Under the jaw, moose also grow a flapping piece of skin known as a dewlap or bell. This trait is unique to moose and isn’t present in elk.
Moose and elk often share the same habitats, which can lead to confusion. Still, there are several key differences that hunters can see to identify between the two. Moose are the largest animal in Colorado and grow significantly larger than elk. A bull moose can grow to be 6- to 7-feet tall at the shoulders and weigh more than 1,000 pounds. A bull elk, meanwhile, is typically 4- to 5-feet tall and around 600 pounds.
Photo by Wayne D. Lewis, courtesy of CPW
This hunting season, Colorado Parks and Wildlife’s Durango office would like to remind hunters to follow one of the key principles of hunter education, and that is to properly identify their target before shooting.
Elk have a reddish or lighter brown coat, while a moose coat is much darker and will not have the lighter coloring on the rump like an elk.
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Hunting in Southwest Colorado is an adventure and experience like no other. Thanks to our access to the wilderness and the abundance of wildlife, it is a destination that hunters from around the country dream of visiting to bring home big game. However, the same mountains that provide a multitude of opportunities to scout big game can make navigation moreThedifficult.abilityto explore more miles of mountain forests in less time is important, and a vehicle is just another tool required to reach the rural locations where hunters have better odds at a successful hunt. Navigating rugged terrain and remote areas is easier with the right ride. Whether hunting on public or private land, a vehicle will help hunters transport heavy cargo to a campsite. It can also provide a basecamp for multiday trips in the wilderness. The right ride will handle declines and inclines with ease, and navigate switchbacks on mountain roads. A reliable ride should be ideal for travel in adverse weather conditions. Here are some things to consider when searching for the right hunting vehicle. Terrain. First and foremost, a vehicle with off-road capability is necessary for Colorado hunters. The best ride will have fourwheel drive, high clearance and good suspension. For some hunters, towing capacity matters for those with equipment like boats, campers or off-road vehicles. Plenty of room for cargo is an added bonus. Trails. On lands managed by the U.S. Forest Service and the Bureau of Land Management, brown signs with white graphics help hunters distinguish which vehicles are allowed on specific trails. If a sign includes a red slash over the graphic, that means that this vehicle is not allowed on the trail. Use motor vehicle use maps (MVUMs) to determine with trails are open to vehicles. Most vehicles are too wide for backcountry trails, limiting travel to 4x4 routes only. This is why off-highway vehicles, such as fourwheelers, dirtbikes and side-by-side vehicles, are a popular choice for hunters in Colorado.
HUNTER HARRELL
SOUTHWEST COLORADO HUNTING & FISHING GUIDE AUGUST 202212
Find the right ride for rugged terrain
Noise. A downside to vehicles is that excessive noise levels can drive big game away from roads and trails. While noise limits are in place and enforced, any amount of noise unfamiliar to animals can cause problems for hunters.
Use OHVs properly; know the rules
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All OHVs must be registered in Colorado. Your home-state registration is not valid. To register your vehicle call Colorado Parks and Wildlife at (303) 297-1192, or go to the website www.cpw.state.co.us.
OHVs cannot be driven into designated wilderness areas. Be careful not to trespass onto private roads. Be considerate of other hunters. Drive slowly to reduce noise; minimize driving distances; don’t hunt from the road. Explain these rules and guidelines to young hunters and those unfamiliar with proper OHV use.
Rifles and bows carried on OHVs must be completely unloaded and secured in a case. Be sure to check with local U.S. Forest Service and BLM offices for the local travel management plans in areas where you will be hunting. In most areas, an OHV cannot be used to retrieve harvested animals. Check with local BLM and forest service offices for specific game-retrieval policies.
must be aware of Colorado OHV rules, local regulations and federal travel management regulations for national forests and BLM lands.
COLORADO PARKS & WILDLIFEOHV GUIDELINES:
Federal fines, up to $500 per incident, may be levied for violations of travel management regulations.
Hunters who accumulate 20 penalty points lose their ability to buy hunting or fishing licenses for at least one year. Hunters should minimize their use of OHVs if they expect to see any big game animals. OHVs are noisy and cause animals to move deep into inaccessible territory. Just one vehicle can cause problems for numerous hunters.
T he number of off-highway vehicles used during hunting seasons has been increasing steadily. While the vehicles can be useful tools to aid a hunt, some hunters are using them improperly and causing a variety of problems.Hunters
Improper use of OHVs can cause resource damage when they are driven off of established roads and trails. That action can destroy vegetation, compact soil, and lead to stream and water-quality degradation.
Hunters need to remember that rifles carried on OHVs must be completely unloaded – no bullets in the chamber or magazine – and placed in a hard or soft case. Bows must also be carried in a case.
CPW officers are authorized to write tickets for illegal OHV use. Besides the federal fines, violators who are using OHVs while hunting, fishing or trapping will be assessed penalty points against their license privileges: 10 points for most violations and 15 points for riding into wilderness areas.
Big-game hunters who wish to be successful must walk slowly and quietly well away from roads. It is unlikely during hunting season that a hunter will see a big game animal from the road. And if an animal is spotted, a hunter doesn’t have time to get off the vehicle, take a rifle or bow out of its case, load the weapon and move off the road to take a shot.
On national forest and BLM lands, OHV travel is allowed only on roads and trails designated for such use. Roads and trails open to motorized use will be signed as “open” or be shown as open on forest service and BLM travel maps. It is recommended that you consult with the local forest service or BLM office prior to your trip to make sure you understand travel regulations in your hunting area.
A turkey’s incredible eyesight means head to toe camouflage is a necessity. Many times I have called a turkey nearly within range, only to have them spot something and casually wander away. One of my hunting partners claimed after one of these incidents that the turkey saw the brass shoelace eyelets on my hiking boots. Maybe he was right, because I got a turkey the next weekend, and the only variable from the unsuccessful attempt the week before was that I blacked out the brass eyelets on my boots with a sharpie.Aside from the accoutrements de camouflage, as my Quebecois hunting friend says, unless you’re Gary Cooper in the movie Sergeant York, you’re going to need a good call. Most calls imitate a lonely jenny, or mature female turkey, looking for a tom, or sexually mature male turkey. “Object: matrimony” as they used to say in the personal ads. There are six common types: Push button calls. Basically you push a button or a rod and something rubs against another object, usually covered in chalk. Many experienced hunters turn up their nose at these calls because the perception is they are for beginners. While they may be easy to use, this doesn’t make them not work. They can be effective in areas with high hunting pressure from the so-called experts due to the fact that turkeys learn to avoid repetitive sounds, and the “beginner” call may sound different.
Turkey’s keen eyesight, high intelligence and nomadic habits all combine to test hunting knowledge, skills and physical endurance. In southwest Colorado, turkey country is rugged country. Prepare for serious hiking through heavy timber, exposed rock and steep grades. Wild turkeys are not like their overfed, overbred, domestic cousins who can barely stagger across a small barnyard. The wild varieties can cover an astonishing amount of ground at a “turkey trot.” If you spook them, they will fly 50 to 75 feet in the air at an incredible speed, all the more amazing when you consider they always stay below treetop level and have to contend with brush, branches, etc. It’s highly unlikely that a hunter will be able to sneak up on a turkey without them taking evasive action before you have them within shotgun range. I have always found tracking something that flies to be extremely difficult, so in my opinion it’s best to stay very still and try and convince the turkeys to come to you.
I have been hunting turkey in Southwestern Colorado since 1992. Over the following 30 years I have enjoyed a turkey batting average of about .750, a hit in anybody’s league. Believe me, if I can manage to do that, you can too!
Turkeys test every hunter’s skill
JOE NELSON SOUTHWEST COLORADO HUNTING & FISHING GUIDE AUGUST 202214
The turkey is a species that is deeply rooted in American culture and symbolism. Yet, its existence faced an unlikely future in the early 1900s. Like most game species in North America, turkey populations were dwindling due to unregulated hunting and habitat destruction. By 1920, there were slightly less than 30,000 wild turkeys on the entire continent. The sight of a wild turkey in the woods and fields was almost out of living memory for most. However, thanks to successful conservation efforts by a variety of groups, the United States is now home to over seven million wild turkeys. Turkeys were effectively extinct in Colorado, but after a vigorous reintroduction campaign we have a population of over 35,000, found in every county. The Western Slope of Colorado is home to a variety of public lands managed by the Forest Service, Bureau of Land Management and the state of Colorado. As a result, finding some open space with a good turkey population is usually not a problem. All licensed hunters can harvest two turkeys a year, one during the spring season and one during the fall. (That’s perfect for both Thanksgiving and Christmas dinner, and wild turkey tastes exactly like domestic turkey. It really does!) Some years, in some locations, the DOW may add a chance for a third turkey if they feel the population warrants it.
Slate calls. These consist of a rod and a round piece of slate. The advantage of this type is that you can make a few different sounds with one call. A disadvantage is that it takes two hands to operate. Locator calls. These calls, unlike other calls, are not meant to imitate turkey sounds. You are using a call that sounds like an owl, crow or a woodpecker, and hopefully gets the gobbler to gobble to scare the upstart bird from another species out of his territory. Now you know where he is, and you use your jenny call of choice to get the tom within range. Box calls. A box call is easy enough for beginners and multifaceted enough for the experienced. These calls are traditionally made out of wood, walnut, mahogany or cedar. If you know what you’re doing, you can make a gobble call as well as a lonely jenny with this call. I use a box call that I found on a shelf in a house I bought 20 years ago. My son has a beautiful Southwesternstyle box call made from cedar on the Dine reservation, which I purchased from its maker at a flea market in Chinle, Arizona many years ago. Diaphragm calls. Also called mouth calls, they are small half-circle shaped devices that fit in your mouth that use a rubber or latex reed that vibrates to create sound. These are, by far, the hardest to learn to use. I believe that’s why people who can use them swear by them.
T urkey hunting in Colorado is an overlooked gem. Turkeys do not get nearly the attention that big game species do with out-of-state hunters and Colorado residents. And those people are missing a great opportunity for a hunt that combines a fun challenge with a reasonable chance of success.
Rio Grande turkeys have a more limited distribution. Their primary range is along rivers in the plain states and transplant populations in California and Hawaii. Rios can be found in the plains counties of Colorado. Rios have medium sized beards and spurs and tan tail feathers. They tend to be nomadic. They’ll seldom be found in the same place a couple of days in a row and roost somewhere different most nights. Osceola turkeys are only found in Florida. Their estimated population is around 90,000 birds, with most flocks being found in the interior of the state. They have the longest spurs of any turkey, and have bronze colored tail feathers.
Even with a shotgun, camo and a call, many turkey hunters opt for using decoys. The usual decoy scenario is either two or three jennies with another decoy that’s made to look like a jake, or an adolescent male, about to initiate a romantic overture. The idea is that sight enrages any passing tom, who comes crashing over without their usual caution. A similar situation plays itself out at freshman homecoming dances across the country. Not all turkeys are alike! There are five types of wild turkey in the U.S.: Eastern turkeys are the most populous in the U.S., with a population of about 5.5 million. They’re found in every state east of the Missouri river, with transplant populations in Montana, Oregon and Washington. These turkeys are the heaviest, and they have the longest beards and loudest gobbles. They have darker feathers than their western cousins, the Merriam’s.
Merriam’s are widely distributed, with strongholds in every state west of the Missouri river, including Colorado. With more predators and less habitat that the Easterns, their population is a bit lower, and they are scattered across the west from Idaho to New Mexico. Merriam’s have lighter color in their tail feathers, a quieter gobble and shorter spurs.
Gould’s turkeys are found mainly in Mexico, with their northern range including southern Arizona and New Mexico. They have longer legs and feet than most other turkeys. They are easily identified by their snow white tail feathers. They live in mountainous areas deep in desert country, and as far south as the jungles of Central America.
Hunting turkeys can be challenging. But the reward is beautiful, delicious, and as American as apple pie. Channel your inner Daniel Boone or Annie Oakley and go hunt that turkey.
County Harvest Hunters La Plata 448 1301 Archuleta 320 1024 Montezuma 43 427 San Miguel 64 469 Dolores 43 256 2021 ESTIMATEHARVESTTURKEY Estimated population: 35,000 in Colorado Diet: seeds, fruits, insects, vegetation Average life span: 2.5 years Average size: 40 inches tall Average weight: 17 pounds Flight speed: over 55 mph Run speed: 25 mph AUGUST 2022 SOUTHWEST COLORADO HUNTING & FISHING GUIDE 15
While many believe in beginning with basic commands, the owner’s bond with their animal is actually most important. A hunting dog will be a partner in your failure and success in the field. The puppy phase is the best time to learn more about your animal’s personality and internal drive. So socializing them early and often is key to forming a positive relationship with the pup.
Once an owner understands a puppy’s personality, it will be easier to determine its strengths and weaknesses. Begin introducing basic commands to the dog one at a time. Most trainers want to begin with multiple commands, but it can confuse a young puppy. Start slowly with a social command, such as, no, heel or sit, before combining requests that test the animal’s responsiveness. Though mastering the basic commands will feel like baby steps, that is how trainers build a solid foundation for hunting companions. Practice obedience skills regularly, then move on to more advanced requests, such as steadying, marking and retrieving.
CONDITIONING
* Instincts are important. Consider energetic breeds with a strong work ethic, such as spaniels, retrievers, pointers and setters.
Dogs are driven and determined animals. Some breeds are also adept athletes, which means they are more alert, agile and independent. These characteristics breed fantastic hunting partners, as long as they are properly prepared for the position.
ATTITUDE
HUNTER HARRELL SOUTHWEST COLORADO HUNTING & FISHING GUIDE AUGUST 202216
For dogs to learn the necessary skills to assist a hunter in the field, training begins at a young age. So, what steps should hunters take to train their companion in order to develop its potential as it grows? Simply practice your ABCs.
* Do not use negative reinforcement. The dog will make mistakes, both while training and in the field. Always treat the animal with respect and use positive reinforcement to correct behavior.
Tips for training the best hunting partner
There is still so much work to do after mastering commands and working on advanced drills. In fact, the key to success is conditioning your companion to provide a consistent response to a command. Experts say it takes about 1000 repetitions or about 1 month of training for a dog to understand what is expected of them. In addition to continued practice, building a dog’s attention span, endurance and independence is part of the conditioning process.
When owners begin to train puppies to be hunting dogs, it is also important that they make each interaction enriching for the animal. If you want a hunting dog that is both independent and obedient, help the dog develop sharper instincts by acclimating them to a variety of activities and letting them explore different areas of the countryside.
MISTAKES TO AVOID:
* Never chase or play tug-of-war with the dog. Behaviors established when engaging in these games can be a detriment when training a hunting dog.
BASICS
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In Colorado, every season is fishing season. With over 6,000 miles of streams as well as 2,000 different lakes and reservoirs, Colorado is home to a variety of habitats stocked with freshwater fish species from more than 19 hatcheries managed by Colorado Parks and Wildlife.
The Rio Grande River is a good spot for serene fishing which flows from the San Juan Mountains into the Gulf of Mexico. It is a winding river where anglers can find cutthroat trout, rainbow trout and brown trout. The best spot for catching a winner is found between Del Norte and South Fork. And the best time to find these fish is when water temperatures are between 50 and 75 degrees Fahrenheit.
GRACIE ROWELL ApplicAtion Fee, HAbitAt StAmpS Resident non-Resident Application processing fee (per species and draw) $7 $9 Habitat Stamp (valid 3/1 - 3/31 of following year) $10.40 $10.40 Lifetime Habitat Stamp $312.30 $312.30 licenSe FeeS Elk, Cow $56.88 $516.63 Elk, Bull or either sex $56.88 $688.26 Deer $41.28 $412.61 Pronghorn, Buck or Doe $41.28 $412.61 Youth Elk, Deer & Pronghorn $16.30 $105.76 Bear $39.75 $101.75 Youth Bear $15.50 $51.50 Moose $313.80 $2,300.51 Rocky Mountain Bighorn Sheep, Desert Bighorn, Mountain Goat $313.80 $2,300.51 Rocky Mountain Bighorn Sheep, Desert Bighorn, Mountain Goat Preference Points $50.00 $100.00 Mountain Lion $51.68 $351.75 Turkey (spring) $30.87 $157.77 Turkey (fall) $25.67 $157.77 Youth Turkey $16.31 $105.77 Small Game (one-day) $14.23 $18.69 Annual Small Game $30.87 $84.96 Youth Annual Small Game $1.29 $1.29 Annual Small Game & Fishing Combo $51.68 NA Senior Annual Small Game & Fishing Combo (65+) $38.50 NA Annual Fishing $36.08 $100.57 Youth Annual Fishing $10.07 NA Senior Annual Fishing $10.07 NA Fishing (five-day) NA $32.95 Fishing (one-day) $14.23 $17.35 *All non-resident big game licenses are a big game and annual fishing combination license. License fees include a 25-cent charge for search and rescue, and a $1.50 Wildlife Council surcharge, if applicable. 2022 Fishing & Hunting License Fees SOUTHWEST COLORADO HUNTING & FISHING GUIDE AUGUST 202218
The Animas River is also a prime location for fishing. The river’s headwaters from Silverton flow through Durango into New Mexico, meeting with the San Juan River. The most common fish to find here are different trout species that grow an average of 12 to 16 inches in length. Some larger trout weighing between seven to 10 pounds also swim in these waters. It is best to wait until after May to start fishing the Animas, as the water becomes slushy in winter and muddy in spring from the run-off.
During June and July, CPW stocks the rivers and reservoirs with fish. Here are some of the best spots to fish during the summer.
Lemon Reservoir is just north of Vallecito Lake, which is also a popular place for ice fishing. Lemon Reservoir is perfect for looking for a good catch in a less populated area. These waters offer brown trout, rainbow trout, splake and kokanee salmon. The trout are the easiest fish to find during winter.
Trinidad Lake State Park is very popular during summer, leading most to assume that all the best fish are picked. This is quite the contrary. Offering many types of fish like trout, largemouth bass, walleye, crappie, bluegill and more, this lake contains many opportunities for ice fishing. The 1,000-acre body of water allows anglers to fish everywhere except near the boat launch.
Jackson Gulch Reservoir is located within Mancos State Park and offers many ice fishing opportunities. The reservoir offers a more private experience for ice fishing for yellow perch, splake and rainbow trout as there are only about 39,000 visitors per year. During the colder months, rainbow trout are the easiest to catch.
Finding a stocked fishing hole
Vallecito Lake is also known for fishing in the Durango area. This river has had record-breaking rainbow trout, but anglers can also find some northern pike and kokanee salmon. The trout and pike will be found in warmer water temperatures while the salmon prefer cooler temperatures around 45 to 50 degrees Fahrenheit. Vallecito Lake is also open year-round for patrons to try and find the catch of the day. For anglers wondering where to start when winter comes, don’t fret. Here are some of the top places for ice fishing in Colorado.
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How to tie a fly like a professional angler
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Getting into fly-fishing can be both exciting and daunting. But there is something almost mystical about fly-fishing; the rhythmic whipping of the rod and line can be meditative, and the notion that we can mimic insects with a bit of thread and feather is downright fascinating! Since the price of artificial flies can add up as you fill your tackle box, learning the simple process of tying your own fly, which actually is another meditative aspect of the sport, can save a lot of money in the long-run. There are two types of artificial flies: dry-flies stay on the water’s surface; and wet-flies are weighted below the surface. Since artificial flies mimic water-insects and larvae at different stages of development, there are thousands of different dry and wet flies.
Which is the best fly? Unlike the Highlander, there can be more than one. So consult a local angler to learn about the different appetites of the fish in different locations during different times of day and year. The professionals in town are happy to share helpful advice. I stopped into Duranglers to have Lee Pillaro demonstrate step-by-step how to tie a wet-fly. Specifically, a carp-hybrid fly. Tying an artificial wet-fly is relatively simple, and requires just a few tools. You will need a hook, a spool of sewing thread, a bobbin, a pedestal vise, snips or scissors, hackle pliers and hackle (bird feathers) and a whip finisher. For his carp-hybrid fly, Pillaro also used a ball chain segment for eyes, pearl core braid for the body, and peacock curl feather for the body.
6. Take about eight to 10 peacock curl feathers, and snip the ends so that they are the same length. Place the even ends of the peacock curl feathers at the midpoint of the body, and wrap the thread up to just behind the eye. Lee suggests twisting [the feathers] a bit so they kind of form a rope, then wrapping them around the body of the fly to just behind the eye. Secure the curl feathers by wrapping the thread around them to just below the eyes.
“What I like to do is twist the end of the feathers a bit to give the pliers something to hold onto,” Pillaro says. “Same like we did with that peacock… we’re just gonna capture it with a couple wraps [of thread].” Wrap the feather around the body a few times, and clip the excess that’s still in the pliers. “Wrap the thread around the length of the feather, and all the way up to the eye of the hook,” he says.
8. Place the hackle along the hook so the quill points out over the eye of the hook.
2. Clamp the hook to the vise so the eye of the hook is on top.
1. Feed the thread into the bobbin.
4. Place the eyes (segment of bead chain) on top of the threaded section of hook near the eye of the hook, and securely lash the bead chain using an X-wrap (or figure 8) lashing pattern with the bobbin.
5. Measure and cut a length of pearl core braid to match the length of the hook, and position the end of the braid on top of the last couple of loops of threaded hook. “You want something more than just the bare hook for that to really adhere to,” he says. Wrap the thread around the braid and hook up and down the body of the hook about 2-3 times.
7. Grab the hackle pliers and a feather quill from your supplies, and remove about an inch and a half of the feather material from the bottom of the quill. Snip about ¾ inch of the quill, so that the remaining quill is a short point.
“You gotta really wrap the eyes in good, or they’re gonna move around,” Pillaro says. Once the eyes are secured, wrap the thread down the body of the hook until it’s about even with the point of the hook.
AUGUST 2022 SOUTHWEST COLORADO HUNTING & FISHING GUIDE 21
3. Run the thread through the eye of the hook. Pull the thread with your free hand so that a few inches pull past the hook, and loop the bobbin around the hook and thread a few times to secure the thread to the hook. Then snip the remaining loose thread.
9. “Then we take what we call a whip finisher… and that’s how we’re gonna finish that fly… how we tie our knot in the end…” Pilaro says. “I always do two, because two knots is always better than one.” Just wrap the thread around, and do a couple of figure eights to tie it off. Using the bottom of the whip finisher, snip the thread.
In Southwest Colorado, hunters venture off the grid in search of game. For any trip to the backcountry, it is important to pack plenty of food and water.
Hunters should bring enough food to replenish calories expended, which could be roughly 2,500 to 3,000 calories per day.
DINNER A meal that is simple, yet comforting is something to look forward to after a long day. A big batch of soup or chili can be separated into portions for each evening and loaded with flavor and nutritious vegetables. Heat up the soup in a pot, then add some texture with chips or crackers.
Dehydrated meals are not only easy to pack, they are also easy to prepare. Add hot water to the pouch, and wait 10-25 minutes depending on package instructions. Farm to Summit is a Durango-based brand that offers a diverse range of meal options at a variety of local retailers and the brand’s location at 2800 MainPreparationAve. and planning is part of any hunt. Be sure to pack plenty of calories for your adventure. Finally, remember to avoid encounters with bears. Bears are curious and will investigate unfamiliar odors from food and toiletries. Use bearproof containers when possible. Store food, beverages and toiletries in airtight containers (never where you sleep) and lock them in a vehicle, if possible.
HUNTER HARRELL SOUTHWEST COLORADO HUNTING & FISHING GUIDE AUGUST 202222
Items like chips and crackers are great options that add fewer ounces to a pack. This makes them better options to bring when hiking. Jerky is also a good option because it is shelf-stable and packed with protein and fat. Bagels are a good source of carbohydrates, and they can be paired with a selection of sweet and savory spreads and toppings, such as cheese and lunch meat or packets of tuna, cream cheese, honey, hummus or the classic, peanut butter and jelly. Powdered sports drinks can also be a nice addition to drinking water, as they can refuel the body with electrolytes.
LUNCH & SNACKS
The best meals are lightweight, yet packed with energy. Most of all, they are easy to prepare outdoors with only a few ingredients or tools involved. Don’t forget to try to minimize trash, as everything you pack in must also be packed out.
Camp eats for backcountry hunting
BREAKFAST
Some say the day doesn’t start until a cup of coffee is in hand. So, don’t forget to bring instant coffee, hot chocolate mix or tea bags. For something quick and easy to prepare, stick with packets of oatmeal. Bring nuts, dried fruit or a trail mix for additional nutrients on-the-go. Experienced cowboy cooks can prepare scrambled egg mixture or pancake batter in advance, and pack them in lightweight, disposable containers. However, cleanup may be more difficult. If space allows, try bringing along homemade breakfast burritos and reheating for a hearty breakfast with minimal waste.
Elk is high in lean protein without being tough. Elk contains 7 grams of fat and 18 grams of protein in a 3-ounce serving.
Different cuts allow for endless ways to prepare game meat. Slow-cooked stews are best for front cuts of larger game animals, or cuts with more fat, sinews and membranes that add nutrients and flavor to the broth. Thin slice thicker, tougher cuts for the perfect addition to any stir fry. In some recipes, such as chili, lasagna, meatloaf and stroganoff, simply substitute ground beef for game meat, which can include processed bear, elk, moose, turkey, rabbit and venison.
Low temperature roasting is a better way to prepare meat if you are worried about overcooked, dry meat. Place cuts in marinade or add a dry rub. Don’t forget to slather with butter or oil and baste frequently to prevent it from drying out.
Moose is rich in flavor, but can be tough. A 3-ounce serving contains 114 calories, 25 grams of protein and less than a gram of fat.
To begin, let game meat come to room temperature before cooking. Not only will starting at room temperature help the meat cook more evenly, it will allow some of the external moisture to evaporate for a better sear. This step can ensure a more tender product by preventing the meat from being “shocked” by the extreme difference in its internal temperature and the cooking temperature.
Bear meat taste is typically affected by the bear’s last meal. Bear contains 220 calories in a 3-ounce serving, 28 grams of protein and 11 grams of fat.
Grilling is always a good option for cuts like chops, filets and steaks. But pay close attention to temperature, no matter how you cook it. If the meat is exposed to high temperatures for a long duration, it loses the fat and moisture that retains its flavor. The result is bitter, or even metallic tasting meat, which is the “gamey” flavor that leaves many disinterested in preparing game.
Because game meat has less fat, it can dry out quickly. In turn, this makes cooking game meat a little tricky. It may take inexperienced chefs some practice to perfect a recipe that compliments unique and distinct flavors derived from the animal’s diet. Here are some basic tips for preparing the harvest after the hunt.
Whether grilled or roasted, remove the meat from the heat when medium to medium-well, and let rest at least 15 minutes before carving. This way, the product will turn out juicy, tender and full of flavor.
Consider flavors from ingredients like onion, garlic, apple, pear, lemon, berries and mushrooms. For added moisture, try basting or cooking with beer, sherry, port, brandy and gin. If using a marinade, consider creating a sauce with the marinade as a base.
H arvesting wild game to process for consumption has so many benefits. Not only does it reduce the grocery bill, game meat is leaner than grocery store cuts, and has fewer calories. It is free of antibiotics, and the opportunity to enjoy a high-quality protein, rich in nutrients, also introduces diversity into your diet. Best of all, game meat is a classic centerpiece to a traditional, gourmet meal when properly cooked.
Finally, when ready to serve, observe the direction of the muscle fibers. Carve across the fibers, then cut along the fibers for a perfect texture on the plate.
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Much like preparing a steak for the grill or a chicken for the slow cooker, there’s no need to stray away from the spices. Both dry rubs or marinades work well for game meats. Some ingredients that pair well with the natural flavors of most game meat include black pepper, bay leaves, juniper, rosemary and thyme.
Prepare the harvest after the hunt
Deer is leaner than beef, lower in cholesterol, has fewer calories and more protein. A 3-ounce serving contains about 102 calories, 19.5 grams of protein and only 2 grams of fat. Pronghorn antelopes can weigh between 100-150 pounds. A 3-ounce serving includes just 96 calories, 18.9 grams of protein and only 1.7 grams of fat.
HUNTER HARRELL NUTRITION FACTS
Always Stay The Trail And when you’re on an OHV Hunting with an OHV increases your responsibilities in the backcountry. Know the rules and regulations before you go off-highway and always Keep Your Wheels Where They Belong ®. More information at STAYTHETRAIL.ORG STT_SWCOHuntingGuide_FullPg.indd 1 7/23/20 1:41 PM
