DWELLERS A sneak peak to the world’s deepest waters.
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About the Authors LUIS DOROTEO LLAVANES “THE WORLD DEEP DOWN BELOW” Contributor
PAUL HARVEY BRAZAN “PLANTS OF THE DEEP SEA” Contributor
CLAESBLUCHER MARZAN “RAREST CREATURES OF THE DEEP SEA” Contributor/Writer
XIER GABRIEL MANGUNAY “ENVIRONMENTAL ADAPTATIONS OF DEEP SEA CREATURES” Leader/Writer
MATTHEW MARPURI “PACIFIC OCEAN:MARIANA TRENCH Editor/Contributor/Writer
THE WORLD DEEP DOWN BELOW By: Luis Doroteo D. Llavanes
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he deep sea or the deep layer. A place known to be a harsh, terrifying, and full of mysteries. This environment gave birth to the most fascinating and yet the most feared off all creatures such as the giant squid. This creatures does not look the way they are now because they wanted to but because of the harsh climates they suffer every day of their existence. here 5 layers of the ocean the epipelagic freezing point since almost no sunlight ca zone, mesopelagic zone, bathypelagic zone, penetrate to this zone, pressure is also high since abyssopelagic zone, hadalpelagic zone. The the weight of water above is high. The epipelagic zone is the part of the ocean we observe hadalpelagic zone the lowest among all the 5 zones ranging from the surface to 656 feet below. The lies between 19686 to 36100 feet this layer can be mesopelagic zone lies between 656 to 3218 feet found from the ocean basin and below, no light below sea level unlike the epipelagic zone sunlight can penetrate to this layer except if special tools is less but pressure increases. Bathylpelagic zone is are used to observe life forms found here high found between 3281 to 13124 feet below see level pressure and very low temperature makes living this is where pressure build up and l;ight becomes in this depths almost impossible although scarcer than before about 5858 lbs for every square some(mostly invertebrates) marine life can be inch is recorded here temperature also starts to found here. This just tells us that no matter how change since less heat energy passes through here. hard living can be as long as you never give up Abyssopelagic zone found between 13124 to 19686 then you can continue on living. feet below sea level the temperature here are near
Source: https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/the-5-layers-of-the-ocean.html article by:Joseph Kiprop (August 1, 2017) image from: https://thebrittanylee.deviantart.com/art/Layers-of-the-Ocean-Reference-324663187 by: the brittanylee
PLANTS OF THE DEEP SEA “Over 60% of our planet is covered by water more than a mile deep. The deep sea is the largest habitat on earth and is largely unexplored. More people have traveled into space than have traveled to the deep ocean realm. - The Blue Planet Seas of Life
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https://deepseabiome.weebly.c om/plants.html
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hile we may not think about it, the deep sea has its own ecosystem with different plants and animal. however, it requires special adaptations because light does not fully penetrate to the sea floor, but these plants still undergo photosynthesis. They also produce oxygen. Deep sea plants provide food and shelter for the marine life living at these depths.
Deep in the ocean, the pressure is high and the temperature is low. However, plants and animals can still thrive in those places that were once seen as impossible for sustaining life. Far fewer varieties of plants live in the deep ocean compared to shallower waters that receive more sunlight. Sunlight fuels photosynthesis, the process in which plants and bacteria convert energy from light into the fuel the organisms need to survive and grow. So where there's very little sunlight, only a few types of plants survive
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https://www.google.com.ph/search?q=deep+sea+plants
RAREST CREATURES OF THE DEEP SEA
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he Ocean is very huge, 70% of the earth’s surface is covered by water. This part of the earth is divided into five oceans; the Pacific, Arctic, Indian, Atlantic, and the Antarctic or the southern ocean. The Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean In the world, covering around 30% of the Earth’s surface. The Oceans are so huge that we have only explored about 5% of the world’s oceans. That is why the not all creatures living in the ocean are not discovered. Because some creatures are so hard to find, they are called “rare” creatures of the deep sea. In my opinion, there are lots of creatures and species under the oceans, and maybe, just maybe, in the future, humanity will have the technology to explore the oceans, and if that happens, the world will know the truth below the deepest-darkest part of the oceans. New creatures will soon be discovered. Today, the following sea creatures are some of the rarest creatures living in the depths of the oceans. This creature can only be found in the depths of 2,000 meters below, but one of these can be found at 300 meters only, but I think it’s really rare.
First is the Frilled Shark, Humans rarely encounter frilled sharks, which prefer to remain in the oceans' depths, up to 5,000 feet (1,500 meters) under the surface. Considered living fossils, frilled sharks bear many physical characteristics of ancestors who swam the seas in the time of the dinosaurs. This 5.3-foot (1.6-meter) specimen was found in shallow water in Japan in 2007 and transferred to a marine park. It died hours after being caught.
Next is the Giant spider crab, Thought to be the largest arthropods on Earth, giant spider crabs spend their time foraging on the ocean floor up to a thousand feet (300 meters) deep. These rare, leggy behemoths, native to the waters off Japan, can measure up to 12 feet (3.7 meters) from claw tip to claw tip. It measures up to 1.5 meters.
Next creature is the Atlantic Wolfish Pair, lt can be located in rocky coastal depths up to 1,600 feet (500 meters) below. Reaching 5 feet (1.5 meters) long, wolfish have conspicuous dentition suited to a diet of hardshelled mollusks, crabs, and sea urchins. This mated pair was found in a deep-sea den off the coast of Maine.
Next to the Atlantic Wolfish Pair is the Fangtooth Fish, This very scary Fangtooth Fish is among the deepest-living fish ever discovered. The fish's normal habitat ranges as high as about 6,500 feet (2,000 meters), but it has been found swimming at icy, crushing depths near 16,500 feet (5,000 meters). Fangtooth fish reach only about six inches (16 centimeters) long, but their namesake teeth are the largest, proportionate to body size, of any fish. This next creature’s name is the Six-Gill Shark, They can reach impressive lengths of 16 feet (4.8 meters) on a diet of other sharks, rays, squids, crabs, and occasionally seals. They cruise the ocean floor during the day, sometimes as deep as 8,200 feet (2,500 meters), then move toward the surface at night to feed. Next is the Giant Tube Worms, Crushing pressure, freezing temperatures, and zero sunlight isn't enough of a challenge for giant tube worms. They've adapted to thrive at the edge of hydro thermal vents, which spew super heated water saturated with toxic chemicals. This colony was photographed 1.5 miles (2.4 kilometers) below the ocean's surface on the East Pacific Rise near the Galapagos Islands. Then, next to the Giant Tube Worms is the Vampire Squid, Vampire squid is an apt name for a creature that lurks in the lightless depths of the ocean. Comfortable at 10,000 feet (3,000 meters) below the surface, these diminutive cephalopods navigate the blackness with eyes that are proportionately the largest of any animal on Earth. The species gets its name from its dark, webbed arms, which it can draw over itself like a cloak. And lastly, The Wolffish, an Atlantic wolffish displays the hardware it uses to crush mollusks, shellfish, and sea urchins. These tough-looking predators swim as deep as 2,000 feet (600 meters) and range from the Scandinavian coast to Cape Cod to the Mediterranean.
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hese creatures are living in the deepest-darkest part of the ocean, that’s why they are rare. We have not known all about the creatures living in the depths of the oceans, but, lots of people are dedicating their time just for them to find a way in order to explore the remaining 95% of the oceans, and discover new species and creatures living there. SOURCES: https://www.nationatlgeograttphnc.co//enainraona/enat/ocetnas/tphotos/e䑓eetpssetscraetteraes/
Environmental Adaptations of Deep Sea Creatures by Xier Gabriel Mangunay It is not the strongest of the species that survives, nor the most intelligent that survives. It is the one that is most adaptable to change.
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urviving in a sea bed almost a couple of kilometers deep is almost impossible for most living creatures due to the intense pressure of the waters and the fast currents deep within it. This is where Charles Darwin’s statement shines. Most of the creatures here develop mutations that would help them survive in a place that’s above freezing and crushing pressures. For centuries, scientists believed that it’s almost impossible for life to thrive in an environment that harsh. Not until an oceanographic study led by Scottish naturalist Charles Wyville Thompson in the 1870’s trawled as deep as 26,000 feet below sea level and pulled up more than 4,000 unknown species. Most of the creatures didn’t survive on their trip to the top. This disproved the long believed scientific wisdom of the time where creatures weren’t expected to survive in such depths of darkness.
The main source of food at the bottom is the so called “marine snow” which is flakes of fecal matter that drift down the ocean. Other deep-sea food webs are fueled by hydrothermal vents, cracks in the ocean floor where seawater mixes with magma and erupts in hot, sulfur-rich plumes. There is little to no light in the deep sea but most animals develop “Bioluminescence” which is the production and emission of natural light by a living organism. This could be considered as an adaptation. Having such distinct feature allows the organisms to either lure prey, attract mates, or distract predators. It’s impressive how every living organism up to date has features that help them survive in this unpredictable environment. No matter how tough the condition is, nature will always find a way to tough things up.
Anglerfish with light emitting light from its esca. Photograph: © Bruce Robinson
PACIFIC OCEAN “Mariana Trench”
FACTS ABOUT IT:
by Mattew Amor Marpuri
✔️Mount Everest would fit inside the deepest sea trench on ✔
The density of water at the Mariana Trench increases by about 5 percent, which means that 95 liters of water at the Earth. bottom of trench will have the mass equal to 100 ✔ Scientist have just confirmed the deepest sighting of a liters of water at the surface. live fish. ✔ Mariana Trench is crescent shaped, or semi-circular. ✔ Water temperature of water at the mariana trench varies ✔ The deepest spot of Marian Trench is called the between 1oC to 4 oC, meaning it is near the freezing point Challenger Spot and its constant contact could be unbearable for the ✔ The first people to reach Challenger Deep were United humans. States Navy Lieutenant Don Walsh, and a Swiss scientist ✔ The Trench is regarded as one of the world’s oldest named Jacques Piccard. They reached challenger deep seabeds, and it is about 180million years old. aboard the bathscaphe Trieste in 1960. A few manned and unmanned vehicles have parted the waters of the trench in recent years, proving that there are indeed organisms living and even thriving in this nearly alien environment. Fittingly, some of these critters are wonderfully strange. Let's shine a dim ray of sunshine through this watery, mysterious underworld and peek at a few of the most bizarre living things on the planet. But these species aren't just weird; they're also some of toughest animals around. Here are the some creatures under thhe Mariana Trench:
DUMBO OCTOPUS
.BARREL EYE FISH
HATCHET FISH
ZOMBIE WORM
This octopus may look barreleye fish, evolve This worm goes by The deep-sea dainty, but it's actually durable unusual features to use shreds of hatchetfish resembles a silvery fiercer monikers such as bone enough to make it the deepest light to their advantage. The swimming hatchet. Their worm or zombie worm, and it dwelling octopus known to barreleye fish wasn't even known delicate looks belie serious can consume the rock-hard science. It prefers to make its to humans until 1939, when it ruggedness, because these fish bones of some of Earth's home all the way down between was pulled from its habitat 2,500 are found in depths pushing biggest animals, 9,800 and 13,000 feet. feet (762 meters) below the nearly 5,000 feet (1,524 including whales. surface. meters). Deep-Sea Dragon Fish
FRILLED SHARK TELESCOPE OCTOPUS a fish, it has no BENTHOCODON They have the rounded Unlike most octopuses, scales, but instead a slippery, The benthocodon, body of an eel paired with a this one doesn't flit about on the slimy skin that resembles an though, is an unusual type of flattened head. Frilled sharks sea floor. Instead, it drifts eel’s. Dragon Fish, which are jellyfish that prefers an probably spend most of their through the water column at about 6 inches (15 environment far out at sea at lives near the ocean's bottom, centimeters) long, prefer to depths of more than 2,500 and they like waters more than depths greater than 6,500 feet swim between 700 and 6,000 feet (762 meters), often right 4,000 feet (1,219 meters) deep. (1,981 meters), feet on the seafloor.