E HSAN A BDULRASOUL R AHIMI Professional and Academic Works 2017
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Ehsan Rahimi Portfolio 2017
CHARACTER SHEET NAME Ehsan Rahimi CHARACTER LEVEL
CHARACTER CLASS
24
Architect
m “I’
CLASS LEVEL
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work at AGi”
Level 3 Professional Architect (3 years professional experience)
ALIGNMENT Lawful Neutral
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SKILLS AND PROFICIENCIES AutoCAD 3D Max Rhino Revit ArchiCAD Sketchup Vray Kerkythea Adobe Illustrator Adobe Photoshop Adobe Indesign Drafting Model Making MS Office
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CHARACTER FEATURES Guitar Hiking Drawing Model Making Running Urban Exploration
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KEY: Publications
Awards
Workshops
Built Projects
Student Organisations
Academic
Competitions
Exhibitions
Win
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CHARACTER SHEET NAME Ehsan Rahimi CHARACTER LEVEL
CHARACTER CLASS
24
Architect
m “I’
CLASS LEVEL
o ng t goi
work at AGi”
THE ACADE
Level 3 Professional Architect (3 years professional experience)
ALIGNMENT Lawful Neutral
use Ho . e t t i Wh itec nd Arch do” a n o ck Bla e a g t ng g to b goin i e se goin I am t me t ti “I’m s wha s r i i F t Tha
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SKILLS AND PROFICIENCIES AutoCAD 3D Max Rhino Revit ArchiCAD Sketchup Vray Kerkythea Adobe Illustrator Adobe Photoshop Adobe Indesign Drafting Model Making MS Office
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CH
7
200
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Edu OSE LE Y c V Eng ation O Un EL iv UP i n er ! La eeri w si ng ty M edi 200 Bus cine 9 ine ss
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ARCHi eye SKILL learned!
8
16
CHARACTER FEATURES Guitar Hiking Drawing Model Making Running Urban Exploration
t fo
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14
(Basic)
Ar
6
13
200 5
200
12
4
200
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Se L co EV nd EL ar UP y ! Sc ho
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3
10
200
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2
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THE GRAPH OF ARCHITECTURE SKILLS
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2
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20
LANGUAGES English - Arabic - Farsi - French (Fluent)
by
200
RACE Human
pus
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FAW
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Al-Shaheed Park
Renovation
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KEY: Publications
Awards
Workshops
Built Projects
Student Organisations
Academic
Competitions
Exhibitions
Win
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SLICED
HOTEL
01
Academic Project / Individual
Academic Year Class Program Site
0 oE
q
Second Year - Spring 2011
10uoator N
Design Studio III Boutique Hotel Papua New Guinea
Studio Instructors Lydia Yankieveska Jassim Al-Shehab Fahad Bensalama
Singa
(lyskupi@hotmail.com)
E 130 o
pore
Ma
nila
Design Brief
0 oE
The aim of the project was to propose a boutique hotel within a harsh environment, with sites assigned to the students. The site assigned was a remote region on the border between the province of Indonesia and the country of Papua New Guinea. An extremely isolated site rife with extreme humidity and mosquitoes.
qua
o
130
tor
E
In order to gain an understanding of how to approach the site, a study was conducted on the native people of the region, the Korowai. A people most famous for their treehouses and cannibalistic practices. From the study of the native people an understanding was formed in regards to their indigenous approach to adapting to the harsh conditions, which was then applied to the boutique hotel, which utilises all of their techniques learned from the Korowai, in addition to programmatic cuts made in order to swerve the building around the trees on site, to maximize privacy, and provide slopes for rainfall, thus providing a building that organically responds to various criteria while keeping the site untouched and the trees in place.
o
140
E
Contribution / Role Site selection and site analysis done as a team, contribution included data gathering and presentation. Final design and production done individually.
Skills Learned
Cairns
KEY
Academic and open design approach Effective communication of ideas Problem based. solution-oriented design approach
Protected nature reserve
Major City / Town
Areas settled by indigenous tribes
Port
Urbanised Areas
Major International Airport
International Flights
Minor Airport
Sea Routes
Informal Airport, Airfield
Protected nature reserve
Major City / Town
Areas settled by indigenous tribes
Port
Urbanised Areas
Major International Airport
International Flights
Minor Airport
Sea Routes
Informal Airport, Airfield
River
Place of Interest
Wind Path
Sor pop
Language Among the 300 languages spoken in Indonesia, the Korwai speak languages that are within the Awyu-Dumut language region.
Manokowari pop. 140,000
ng Ko
o ky To
ng Ho
Religion The belief in spirites pervades the society, with some more relevant to daily life than others, the most important being the spirits of ancestors.
Economy The Korowai are hunter-gatherers and nomadic tribespeople that rely on practicing shifting cultivation for farming needs.
Family With a strongly segregated society, privacy is among chief concerns for the Korowai people.
Architecture The most famous aspect of the Korowai culture are the houses which are built on stilts, amongst the trees.
First Contact The Korowai were an uncontacted tribe until 1974.
Heights are indicative of social hierarchy
site location
Houses are made of light structure to allow for ventilation Houses are lifted to avoid humidity, mosquitoes, and other wildlife on the lower levels
Different heights allow for privacy
Jayapura pop. 320,000
Mt. Hagen pop. 46,256
Goroka pop. 25,000
Madang pop. 27,520 Lae pop. 100,677 Kimbe pop. 14,656
y
Port Moresby pop. 254,158 Sydne
rong p. 219,958
PROFILE: THE KOROWAI PEOPLE
E 150 o
Honiara
Popondetta pop. 100,677
o
160
E
18mm plywood exterior 3mm insect screen 1mm vapor barrier 45 x 105 furring strips 80mm polyurethane rigid insulation 18mm plywood Sheathing
1800 x 900 mm Murphy Bed
1280
The program is inserted into the site.
600
985
The single units are distributed among the trees for privacy and lifted to avoid the humidity and mosquitoes on the low level
966
Connections are made between the buildings are highlighted so that the building moves around the trees
White Corian Countertop Stainless Steel Sink HDPL cabinet leaf
A
Programmatic cuts are made for the purposes of view, privacy, rainfall slopes.
1395 Belalu Plywood Folding door
55 7
5
214
3 80 500
725
Banyan Tree central Structure 1260
105 x 105 mm Banyan Column
600 x 1200 mm Belalu Plywood
695
Door Threshold
2340
130 mm Merenti handrail capping
900 mm Belalu Plywood clad door with 316 Grade SS Butt Hinges
A0.110 Module Plan
B
C
D
A2.100 Section
White sandstone coping 1% slope SS T-angle Side mounted gutter 2cm CIM 1000 waterproofing 3� drainage pipe
1200 mm Parapet handrail 130mm Merenti wood Capping 150x750 mm Handrail support @ 700mm 18mm Belalu Plywood Sheathing
40x40 mm White mosaic tiling White grouting Special adhesive Waterproof cement screed CIM 1000 waterproofing Reinforced Concrete structure 150x150 mm joists Belalu Plywod siding
A2.200 Detail Section AB
18mm Belalu Plywood Cladding 25x60 mm Furring Strips 150x300 mm Banyan Beams 18mm Belalu Plywood Siding Unilamp MAXI tube Light IP65
18mm 300x2400 Belalu plywood Flooring 150x150mm Floor joists 300 x 850 mm Banyan Truss
1200 mm Parapet handrail 130mm Merenti wood Capping 150x750 mm Handrail support @ 700mm 18mm Belalu Plywood Sheathing
1200 mm Parapet handrail 130mm Merenti wood Capping 150x750 mm Handrail support @ 700mm 18mm Belalu Plywood Sheathing
18mm 300x2400 Belalu plywood Flooring 150x150mm Floor joists 300 x 850 mm Banyan Truss
A2.201 Detail Section CD
18mm Belalu plywood exterior 3mm insect screen 1mm vapor barrier 45 x 105 furring strips 80mm polyurethane rigid insulation 18mm plywood Sheathing
600x1200x18 mm Belalu Plywood flooring 50mm Polyurethane rigid board insulation 18mm Belalu plywood sheathing 120x165 floor joists
Al-Shaheed Park
RENOVATION
02
Academic Project / Individual
Academic Year Class Program Site
Third Year - Spring 2012 Design Studio V Urban Park Al Shaheed Park - Kuwait
Studio Instructors Talal Mahmeed Emad Al Qattan
(ask.dr.talal@gmail.com)
Design Brief The purpose of the project was to provide a redesign for Al-Shaheed park, a historical green belt which defined the boundaries of Kuwait city. After intense site analysis, the proposal for the design was to be made. From the site analysis it is revealed that Al-Shaheed park is a connecting point and buffer zone between 3 very different classes of the city dwellers: The affluent Kuwaitis of Dasma, the low income users of Sharq Block 8, and the mixed income neighbourhood users of Bneid Al Gar.
Winter Solstice 37o Sunrise: 06:39 Summer Solstice 84o Sunset: 16:55
S
Winter Solstice 37o Sunrise: 06:39 Sunset: 16:55
A key proponent to the site’s context are two major defining features, the extreme class divide which is best symbolised by Al-Hamra tower and its relation to its immediate context, and the industrial character of the surrounding context epitomised by Sharq Block 3, which is used by all city dwellers regardless of income or social status.
S
The project aims to be a buffer between the class divide by bringing the industrial character to the park, providing service cores in which users can rent out 3x3x3 customisable modules, and furthermore have the conceptual parasite drift off and have 3x3x3 modules take over the other empty areas of the adjoining sites.
site location
W
Contribution / Role Site Analysis and data gathering done as a group, primary role of data gathering. Complete final design and production done individually.
Sunrise: 04:50 Sunset: 18:51
W
Dasma High Income Neigh
Skills Learned
Major Gathering Space
Minor Gathering Space
Main Pedestrian Access
Proposed Metro Line
Empty Lots
High Income Zone
Mixed Income Zone
Low income zone
Effective communication of ideas Problem based. solution-oriented approach
design
Understanding of Architectural Typology Main Pedestrian Access Proposed Metro Line
Empty Lots
High Income Zone
Low income zone
ingle Plot Housing
High End Retail
ow End Retail
Empty Lots
Mixed Income Zone
Low Income Housing
Major Gathering Mosque Space
Minor Gathering Space
Boutique Store
Main Pedestrian Access Groceries
Proposed Metro Line Industrial Warehouses
Empty Lots
Shoes
High Income Zone Automotive Dealership
Mixed Income Zone Automotive Maintenance
Low income zone
Bneid Al-Ga Mixed Income
Kuwait City
Tijaria Tower High End Retail and offices
Sharq, Block 3 Autmotive maintenance zone
E
Al-Khaleejia Tower Low End Retail and offices
Sharq, Block 8 Low income Neighbourhood
hbourhood
N
ar e Neighbourhood
Al-Hamra Tower High End Retail and offices
Firstly, the natural topography and existing trees of the site are mapped and defined. Services such as water, electricity lines, drainage and sump pits are mapped and laid out in addition to the constitution monument that was built as a celebration of 50 years since Kuwait’s independence.
Sewage and sump pits
Drainage
Water Supply
Electricity
With the data mentioned above, in addition to data provided from Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, and research from the current park’s redesign, a “Protection Zone” is defined
Protection zone
Conservation area
Breakout Spaces
A north-south grid is implemented, at interconnections between zones defined for built up areas and the grid, service cores are place which define where additional units can be built.
Service Core
Public Square
The final rehabilitated park is one that works around the existing trees, infrastructure, and monument, with minimal intervention beyond the service cores placed within the defined boundaries.
Service cores direct users to attach their modules
More users are drawn to the other cores
A mini community is created around the square
More communities are spread throughout the site
The intellectual virus spreads across Kuwait
TH
EA CA
DE
MY
VERTICAL FARM
FARM[MAX]
03
Academic Project / Individual
PRE 1930:
Urban Farms were integrated within early Kuwaiti Settlements
Academic Year Fifth Year - Fall/Spring 2014 Class Graduation Studio 1+2 Program Vertical Farm Community
1940’s:
As the Kuwaiti settlement got bigger, moved outside the city, near Al-Shaab Hawalli, because of its good weather a swampland.
Centre
Site
Al Masayel - Kuwait
SITE LOCATION Studio Instructors Asseel Al-Ragam Sarah Al-Fraih
1957
Durin the fa and Ja
(alragam@gmail.com)
Design Brief Our current methods of farming are far too land intensive and environmentally destructive. With the population of the world reaching a predicted 9 billion by 2050, and agriculture being a necessity in all our lives, a better method of farming is crucial. Agriculture is one of the largest contributors to global warming, with as much as 70% of the sustainable water we have used being for the purpose of farming, 30% of greenhouse gases released for the purpose of farming, and farmlands being 60 times larger than urban sprawl. However agriculture is not a luxury, but a necessity. The research is looking into possible and existing solutions for the vertical farm type, as well as delving into the political, economic, and social issues that come along with a new type of building being introduced to the urban fabric, while simultaneously engaging the public in an architectural space.
Messila Palace Administrative Centre
Messila Palace Mixed Income High Density Residential Zone Population: 82,700
Skills Learned Academic and open design approach
SITE LOCATION
Effective communication of ideas Problem based. solution-oriented design approach
Adan Mid Income Single Plot Residential Area Population: 31,800
Projected World Population¹ 9 Billion
7.6 Billion (2017)
8 Billion 7 Billion 6 Billion 5 Billion
the farms gate and and fertile
4 Billion 3 Billion 2 Billion 1 Billion
7:
ng the rapid urbanization of Kuwait, arms were moved to Fintas, Salwa, ahra.
-800
Post 1960’s:
-400
400
800
1200
1600
2000
Farming Worldwide²
After unexpected rapid urbanization, particularly in the 60’s, farmland in Fintas and Jahra were abondoned and the farms were moved to Wafra.
Messila High Income Neighbourhood Population: 3502
0
60
The area used up by farmland is 60 times larger than urban sprawl
By 2050, the farming area required to feed the worlds population will be the size of South America
30% of greenhouse gas emissions are a result of farming
70% of potable water is used for farming
Economic Activity ³
GDP
8%
1%
Water Sources 6
3
Water use
Food Import 4
Cultivated Land 5
0.56% 6
Agriculture Water use 6 Rural Population
3.6% 54% Agriculture 44% Municipal 2% Industry
MSW and Organic Waste 7 (kg per capita / day)
2.0 1.5
0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0
1.0 0.5 0.0
Desalination 7 (m3 per capita / day) MSW Organic
2.5
23% Plants 67% Livestock 10% Fisheries
Kuwait Bahrain Oman Qatar UAE Saudia
45% Groundwater 46% Desalinated 10% Reused Water
Kuwait Bahrain Oman Qatar UAE Saudia
Adan Mid Income Single Plot Residential Area Population: 1509 Projected Population: 20,000
1 Graff, James Gordon. “Skyfarming.” University of Waterloo, 2011. 2 Foley, Jonathan (2010 October). “The other inconvenient Truth” 3 Dr. Fadila, Al-Salameen. Near East and North Africa Plant Genetic Resources Network, "Kuwait Status Report." 4 Arab agricultural statistics yearbook - VOL. No. 31, 2011 5 Arab agricultural statistics yearbook - VOL. No. 31, 2011 6 Irrigation in the Middle East region in figures – AQUASTAT Survey 2008 7 Yazdandoost, F. (2014). Desalination from an Integrated. Water Resources Management Perspective. International Conference on Desalination, Environment and Marine Outfall Systems (p. 18/74). Oman: K.N.Toosi University of Technology. - D-Waste. (2016, February 10). Waste Atlas
6
First, the stacked farm is sliced down the centre
1 The volumes are then split apart to create a pathway through the site
A B C
The volumes are rotated 14 degrees for a north-south orientation
The volume closer to the taller building of the surrounding context is enlarged
D
E F It is then sloped for optimal solar gain, providing a stepped interior for better light distribution G
A burst of commercial activity and a connective bridge is added to maximise views to the farms
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
CHARACTER SHEET NAME Ehsan Rahimi CHARACTER LEVEL
CHARACTER CLASS
24
Architect
m “I’
CLASS LEVEL
o ng t goi
work at AGi”
THE PROFESS
Level 3 Professional Architect (3 years professional experience)
ALIGNMENT Lawful Neutral
use Ho . e t t i Wh itec nd Arch do” a n o ck Bla e a g t ng g to b goin i e se goin I am t me t ti “I’m s wha s r i i F t Tha
06
SKILLS AND PROFICIENCIES AutoCAD 3D Max Rhino Revit ArchiCAD Sketchup Vray Kerkythea Adobe Illustrator Adobe Photoshop Adobe Indesign Drafting Model Making MS Office
r
CH
7
200
O
Edu OSE LE Y c V Eng ation O Un EL iv UP i n er ! La eeri w si ng ty M edi 200 Bus cine 9 ine ss
200
15
ARCHi eye SKILL learned!
8
16
CHARACTER FEATURES Guitar Hiking Drawing Model Making Running Urban Exploration
t fo
S
14
(Basic)
Ar
6
13
200 5
200
12
4
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11
Se L co EV nd EL ar UP y ! Sc ho
GUIT SKILL lea ol
3
10
200
3 1996
9
2
4
199
1
3
199
0
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THE GRAPH OF ARCHITECTURE SKILLS
5
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LANGUAGES English - Arabic - Farsi - French (Fluent)
by
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KEY: Publications
Awards
Workshops
Built Projects
Student Organisations
Academic
Competitions
Exhibitions
05
Win
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05
WAFRA
WIND TOWER Professional Project Program Category Completion Year Location
Mixed use tower Architecture June 2017 Salmiya, Kuwait
Architecture Team Nasser B. Abulhasan, Joaquin Perez-Goicoechea, Stefania Rendinelli, Lulu Al-Awadhi, Georg Thesing, Juan Carlos Jimenez, Cristina Ruiz, Alfredo Carrato, Ehsan Rahimi Project Description
Role during Project:
Wafra Vertical Housing introduces a new concept to urban living that adapts to the evolving life style of 21st Century contemporary Kuwait. Considering the increasing demand for land in the city, the transformation of single family dwelling typologies becomes a must, where tenants should be able to enjoy privacy as well as benefit from vertical solution amenities and prime location.
Assigned to project during structural completion, given responsibilities of coordination and supervision of contractor’s work, reworking details, review of technical documents and submittals, production of snag document, and performing contract administration for areas of dispute.
Understanding and reinterpreting local environmental techniques is one of the main targets of this design. The services core of the building is thus located on the southern wing, in order to minimize sun exposure and consequently reduce energy consumption – acting as a thermal barrier to the rest of the building. Hence, minimum openings are placed on the afore mentioned façade, while on the other hand the building opens to the North, facing the sea and enjoying its views. Opportunities for natural lighting and cross ventilation also become an essential driving force for the design, which give the tower its character and determine its final orientation. Taking the idea of the traditional middle-eastern courtyard typology and developing it volumetrically, the initial concept flourishes in the form of the tower. The courtyard is no longer constrained to the core of the building; instead, it borrows light and ventilation from the facade, funnels it through the pool area and flows through all levels finding its way out through the opposite façade.
Skills Learned
Text and diagrams AGi Architects Images Nelson Garrido
Problem based. solutionoriented design approach Understanding of Architectural Typology Knowledge of building technology
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Ground Floor 01 Parking 02 Guard’s Residence 03 IT 04 Mechanical 05 Lobby 06 Main Entrance
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FAWSEC
CAMPUS Program Category Completion Year Location
Mixed use tower Architecture March 2018 (est.) Salmiya, Kuwait
Architecture Team Nasser B. Abulhasan, Joaquin Perez-Goicoechea, Daniel MuĂąoz Medranda, Adamira Herrero, Juande Jimenez, Ehsan Rahimi Fawsec Campus presents an ideal case for developing public space strategies that have been investigated by AGi Architects in the last few years for Kuwait and the MENA region. As a result of the extreme climate conditions and conflicting cultural reservations regarding the notion and the use of public spaces, the design of public spaces is a challenging and controversial concept to work with. In light of the challenges faced, we worked to design a mid-rise building where a dense development would provide the best thermal conditions for the apartments and the exterior shaded areas. These buildings are modeled using playful volumetric variations introducing an urban scale to the complex on the exterior, and a sense of community inside. The long interior courtyard is split into different levels, where various open spaces contain sport and leisure areas. Open areas situated between the blocks and dwelling spaces are treated as interior educational collective spaces, where the whole community can profit from the surrounding individual knowledge. The living units in the buildings are mainly onebedroom apartments for temporary lodging and short term residency Text and diagrams AGi Architects Images Juande Jimenez
Role during Project: Assigned to project during pre tender phase. Tasks were coordination of drawings, specifications, and BOQ during pretender phase, reworking details, communication with client, performing tender procedures such as answering queries and arranging and directing pre-tender meetings. During site attended concrete castings, coordinated concrete and structure with architectural requirements, engaged in value engineering exercises with client and contractor, lighting selection, detail design, ,review of shop drawings, contract administration, and site supervision. Skills Learned Problem based. solutionoriented design approach Understanding of Architectural Typology Knowledge of building technology
Kitchen Changing Room
02
Changing Room
Bedroom
Dining/Living
Gym
Multitporpuse area Toilet
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Storage
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Storage
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Bedroom Kitchen
Tanning and Lounging area
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clinic C
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LEVEL 2
Level 02 01 Lobby Core 02 Gym 03 Multipurpose Room 04 Clinic 05 Teaching Institute 20 m
level +9.80
06 Swimming Pool 07 Eating Area 08 Courtyard
4.65
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5.35
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Bedroom
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7.20 6.70
5.95 2.25
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3.17 1.80
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1.80 2.50
3.45
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6.98
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3.17 Toilet
6.35
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East Elevation
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clinic D
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Level 05 01 Lobby Core 02 Terrace 03 Clinic 04 L2 Swimming Pool 05 Courtyard 5
3.70 5.20
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LEVEL 5
level +21.80
CHARACTER SHEET NAME Ehsan Rahimi CHARACTER LEVEL
CHARACTER CLASS
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CRITICAL PERSPECTIVES: KUWAIT AND THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT
07
Role: Graphic Designer, Editor, Writer, Coordinator, Photographer, Production. Critical Perspectives is a collection of short essays written by students compiled by Dr. Asseel Al-Ragam, and is the first architectural criticism book published in Kuwait. Critical Perspectives is an investigation of different analytical methods introduced by various architectural critics, and in turn put into practice by the students in order to understand and evaluate the local environment, from architecture, history, housing policies, and pedagogical structures. The result of the book is a look at architecture criticism through the eyes of the students, and a unique look at the local environment in which they inhabit.
ERASING THE PAST: FAILAKA ISLAND Around 20 Kilometers off the east coast of Kuwait lies Failaka Island, one of the last remaining sites that has not yet followed the rising Kuwaiti trend of erasing the past. What stands there are several artifacts that span across Kuwait’s timeline, everything from ancient Greek ruins from Alexander the Great’s global takeover to Kuwait’s 60’s era futuristic chalet houses are present. Albeit not particularly well maintained or cared for, but at least they’re still there. But one set of buildings are more striking than the rest, and that would be the buildings surrounding the old village (which has now been re-purposed to be used as a hotel – dubbed “The Heritage Village”). The buildings are from the post oil 1960s boom, complete with facades that attempted to inject a modern twist on the traditional Kuwaiti screen (called the mashrabiya) that have become so iconic for the era. Some buildings, particularly the bank and school, exhibit an austere beauty that isn’t appreciated today. However, what sets them apart isn’t their design; it’s that they were the buildings that were hit the hardest during the invasion of Failaka in 1990. Walking through the buildings, gives you a much deeper perspective. Bullet holes riddle the walls and shell casings are dotted around the landscape, most buildings, if not all of them, in the exact same state as they were two decades ago. While architect Albert Speer, emphasized the “ruin value” of buildings back in the late 30’s, favoring giant remnants of a lost civilization as a toast to its previous greatness, the considerably less ostentatious buildings
BNN WORKSHOP
08
Role: Student, Graphic Designer (Text provided by Bab Nim Nim) The current urban fabric of Kuwait’s city centre lacks density due to the uncompleted 1950’s urbanization plan that came to replace the “preoil” vernacular fabric of the city. In addition, most of the modern iconic building built during the urbanization period are left to deteriorate today due to multiple factors, the greatest of which is the lack of maintenance. These buildings have a strategic location have introduced the modern vernacular to the city yet also symbolize an important era Kuwait has been through. The local trend of constantly replacing the old with the new is leaving little of our physical heritage to reference historical turning points, leaving little for the future generations to reflect on. In April 2014, the first Chamber of Commerce building; an icon from the modern period was demolished to pave the way for a new commercial development. In response, the BNN summer 2014 workshop aimed at exploring the possibilities of preserving and transforming some of the abandoned structures and empty plots in downtown Kuwait, specifically along Fahad Al-Salem Street. The process required a intensive study in order to highlight issues which were then tackled with conceptual solutions, targeting topics such as the environment, mobility, and functions for a diversified social interaction.
of Failaka have a ruin value all of their own.1 Granted, it may not last quite as long as a testament to a “great” civilization, but while it lasts it gives a much better glimpse of day-to-day life than giant state buildings ever have. Are we really at fault if we prefer the house of Pansa over the Parthenon? Digging through the rubble is in itself an architectural experience that is near impossible to replicate with a new building. You will realize that you’re walking on artifacts. Peer down at the floor and you just might notice yellowed newspaper clippings from the seventies, poke around enough corners and you might run across a broken first generation colour television. Look around even more and you might find a toy which meant everything to a child many years ago, but lays alone among the rubble. Here stands one of Kuwait’s last looking glasses into history, and it only seems like a matter of time before the land is taken advantage of. This is one of the last extensive looks at Kuwaiti history that’s being so willfully washed away. The last of its kind, so why are we so quick to demolish it?
CASE STUDY 6
THE DEATH OR POSSIBLE LIFE OF AL-SAWABER Erickson envisaged a number of consecutive spines flanked by nine story high residential buildings, containing a total of 900 housing units. Alternating between the consecutive building blocks would be either an elevated paved public space or an open garden (Figures 2, 3). The building’ floors would taper outward over the elevated spaces to provide shading against the harsh desert sun. The orientation of the buildings was south-west to north-east in order to block Kuwait’s hot and dusty north-western winds from the public spaces. Elevated concourses would link the building clusters and the facilities, imbedded within, and, in turn, enhance the pedestrian experience (Figure 4). This was a truly utopian vision for Kuwait’s future.
“Headed by the finance minister Dr. Nayef Al Hajraf, the expropriation administration announced the adoption of the appraisal of 378 housing units in the Al-Sawaber Complex for the value of 97 million and 926 thousand dinars.” - Al-Watan Newspaper, 12/11/20121 The government has taken the first step in buying back the ‘failed’ Al-Sawaber residential complex. Once the government has full ownership, it will most likely demolish the whole project and redevelop it. This, of course, would be typical of the way Kuwaiti policy makers deal with any problem: start over. But complete demolition and redevelopment is probably not the best option, and definitely not the most efficient. This is because Al-Sawaber’s problem is not architectural, but operational. The fact of the matter is that even today, if serious restoration and maintenance policies are enforced, Al-Sawaber can be saved. Examining the story of Al-Sawaber’s demise shows clearly that had its inhabitants and the government dealt with the management of the complex differently, Al-Sawaber could have very possibly been an inspiring success.
Figure 1: View of Al-Sawaber with Kuwait City
110
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Figure 2: An elevated public space between apartment buildings
the widespread myth that collective public housing will never work in Kuwait Walking through Al-Sawaber today shows how far we strayed from Erickson’s vision. The first thing to be noticed is that the complex was not constructed according to Erickson’s original plans. Cost cutting alterations left the complex with a diluted architectural character, weaker climatic adaptation techniques, and only about half the planned housing units. It’s also clear how maintenance and security staff are practically absent, causing garbage to dot the intended public spaces and a sense of eminent threat hanging in the air. The story often told of Al-Sawaber’s demise places the initial blame on the failure of the residents of the complex to form a functioning home owner’s association to deal with the maintenance and security issues. This left the responsibility of Al-Sawaber’s upkeep on the government which lost interest in performing its role in the years following the 1991 Iraqi invasion.
The housing shortage of the 1970’s forced the National Housing Authority of Kuwait to search for new ways to house the growing population; continuing the endless sprawl was not a favorable option. Canadian architect Arthur Erickson was chosen to design a new midrise residential complex in the heart of Kuwait City. The goal was to attract young Kuwaiti nuclear families to reinhabit the urban center: slowing down the suburban sprawl and reducing congestion caused by long-distance commuters (Figure 1)2.
2
“Expropriation Administration: Adoption of the Appraisal of Al-Sawaber Complex.” Al Watan Newpaper. November 12, 2012. http://alwatan.kuwait.tt/articledetails.aspx?Id=232905 (accessed November 2012).
Figure 3: One of Al-Sawaber’s gardens
Figure 4: This elevated walkway links two building clusters
“The Sawaber Project (1976).” The Canadian Architecture Collection. n.d. http://cac.mcgill.ca/erickson/ProjectPages/AE01.htm (accessed November 2012).
OPERATIvE THIS, AGENDA THAT I was lucky enough to receive a kick to the shins towards the end of my first year, no shortage of thanks to the all-nighters I had to pull. Suddenly history became a topic open to debate, where I could call the great Le Corbusier a hack and get away with it, provided I was gutsy enough, which I never was. We walked out enlightened, feeling like not only had I earned a grade, but I was educated. It goes to show that even a year later, amongst our friends, we’re still making inside jokes about Adolf Loos, hobgoblins and slippers. I certainly didn’t care if there was an agenda, I was able to debate it, I was learning.
12 5KH:
The formal Approach
Time slowed down to the extent that the movement of light through space almost seemed perceivable
28 ARCHITECTURE WRITING: T-Square Magazine
this is a book it contains critiques
38 IDEOLOGY AND HISTORY:
I had this image in my head that I’d be able to attend dinner parties, with guests dressed in tailored suits, various pretentious names on the labels, drop a few “ists” and “isms” in a pseudo-British accent. Wowing them with my architectural knowledge while I take a bite out of my caviar-crusted hors d’oeuvre, a smug look draped across my face. It wasn’t until recently that I found that I was very, very, wrong. No matter how much we learn, we are always in a state of ignorance. Isn’t that a kick to the shins?
Architectural History at the college of Architecure
54 LOST HERITAGE:
Kuwait National Museum
72 ERASING THE PAST: Kuwait Landmarks
92 PUBLIC SPACE:
Ehsan Rahimi
Al-Sawaber Complex
* warning: critiques may contain traces of nuts
114 HOUSING TYPOLOGY: Single Plot Housing
48
ARCHICAMP
09
Role: Program Director Archicamp is an introductory program to high school students who are interested in architecture. The two week course offers an intensive series of workshops, exercises, and lecture which culminate in the production of a final project in which students must present. During the course students are taught the basics of drafting, modeling, and design. During which students will be placed into groups in which they undertake a research project which will inform their final design. The crash course offers a complete experience of architecture school which greatly prepares students for the realities of dealing with the academics of architecture.
YOUSEF ABDULAAL
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yousef abdulaal
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AAVS 2016
'Emergent Constructions'
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AA Visiting School Kuwait - Programme
Role: Student Day 1 – Wednesday 03 August Registration (Text by Jeroen Van Ameijde) General Workshop Introduction Tutors Introductions Workshop Agenda
Hardware and software concepts, available materials and site The installation presented here is the outcome Lunch Computational Design Thinking Seminar 1 Kuwait 2016, organised of the Visiting School Workshop Phase 1: [initial ideas]: conceptual process design by staff (groups of 2 or 3)and graduates from the Architectural Studio closes Association School of Architecture in London.
Kids
Private Space
Day 2 – Thursday 04 August Final preparations for presentation
Student presentations of initial ideas The programme introduced digital design Selection of ideas to take forward Workshop Phase 2: [design+testing]: process components seminars and advanced site mapping (groups of 5 or 6) Lunch methodologies studying the underlying social Computational Design Seminar 2: - Rhino cultural + Grasshoppermechanisms of public space. The site and Evening Lecture 1: Ian Purser // PACE (TBC) Dinner information gathered was then used develop a Workshop Phase 2 Studio closes critically informed architectural intervention, enhancing the site within Promenade Mall. Day 3 – Friday 05 August Computational Design Seminar 3: - Rhino + Grasshopper + Plugins Lunch Lunch Lecture 2: Jeroen van Ameijde // AA / Urban Systems Workshop Phase 2 Studio closes
Throughout the ten day programme, several different design strategies were combined into aDaysingle architectural approach which was further 4 – Saturday 06 August Final preparations for presentation refined to incorporate the characteristics of Final project presentation and group discussion Lunch digital fabrication. The pavilion is constructed Workshop Phase 3: [design+build]: final design+make process using 3-axis CNC routed Evening Lecture 3: Mohammed AbdulKhuderplywood // MAKH Group components (TBC) Dinner that were Workshop Phase 3 assembled on site without the need Studio closes for specialist tools or fixings.
Public Space
The resulting pavilion incorporates spaces for social activity of different size and character. It operates at the scale of human experience, acting as a catalyst for the specific users of the site. As an innovative architectural installation, it explores the possibilities of generative design, and its capacity to incorporate dynamic social and environmental performance qualities.
Mediating Privacy and Views
AAVS 2017
'Emergent Constructions' AA Visiting School Kuwait - Programme
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The overall assembly of the pavilion out of a sequence of column-like elements offers the unique opportunity to create spatial perimeter enclosures that are not solid but porous, mediating views and light at specific lines of sight. An orthogonal architectural language is implemented because of the efficient use CNC router paths and economical nesting of different components within the standard plywood sheets. Yet the staggering of column elements in plan creates a louver effect between the internal spaces and the context, offering varying degrees of privacy for the people inside. The qualities of space that result cover a range of social interactivity scenarios including private space for a single occupant, and larger group spaces for dynamic social interaction and play. The programmatic possiblities were further enhanced through the incorporation of furniture elements such as benches and stools, constructed out of plywood but covered with upholstered cushions in a range of colours. A digitally designed carpet with varying density pattern was added to indicate the various privacy levels and density of circulation paths within the environment.
Role: Volunteer, technical advice, coordination Day 1 – Wednesday 03 August Registration with fabricators, fabrication General Workshop Introduction Tutors Introductions (Text by Manuel Jimenez Garcia) Workshop Agenda Hardware and software concepts, available materials and site Lunch
Computational Designshowcases Thinking Seminar 1 a radical new approach PixelSpace Workshop Phase 1: [initial ideas]: conceptual process design towards (groups of 2 or 3)the construction of digitally designed Studio closes architecture, translating intelligently arranged Day 2 – Thursday 04 August building components into a system of Final preparations for presentation Student presentations of initial ideas discrete material components with integrated Selection of ideas to take forward Workshop Phase 2: [design+testing]: process components functionalities. (groups of 5 or 6)
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Lunch Computational Design Seminar 2: - Rhino + Grasshopper Evening Lecture 1: Ian Purser // PACE (TBC) Dinner Workshop Phase 2 Studio closes
Using a three-dimensional grid and the concept of voxel combinations, a small range of components has been designed in multiples of a standardized 100mm module. Day 3 – Friday 05 August
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Computational Design Seminar 3: - Rhino + Grasshopper + Plugins Lunch Lunch Lecture 2: Jeroen van Ameijde // AA / Urban Systems Workshop Phase 2 Studio closes
Using a combination of patterns varying in different types and sizes of elements, variations in structural performance, shading, and privacy Day 4 – Saturday 06 August Stimulating Social Interaction Final preparations forqualities presentation to generate different areas generating Final project presentation and group discussion Lunch of the pavilion. Workshop Phase 3: [design+build]: final design+make process Evening Lecture 3: Mohammed AbdulKhuder // MAKH Group (TBC) Dinner Workshop Phase 3 Studio closes
The final result of the generative design and construction exercise is a pavilion that manifest itself as a field condition, distributing a large amount of self-similar elements with varying properties and relationships within the circulation space of the Promenade Mall to intensify and enrich its spatial and programmatic possibilities. The pavilion as a field of elements with different heights, density and functions creates a varied architectural landscape that has specific intentions for stimulating social interaction built into it and specific locations within the site. The multiple possibilities of use and interpretation however allow the users to create their own social patterns and interactions, and explore unforeseen modes of engagement with the design at the many in-between spaces of the pavilion. The role of the architecture is conceived as creating a stimulating environment with a strategic purpose and agenda, without being over-prescriptive or inflexible but creating an open-ended system for appropriation by the users of the mall.
The Diagonal surfaces have been introduced as components to allow for the indirect filtration of daylight while at the same time blocking direct sight lines to provide privacy. The standardized dimensions used for the geometry of the components offer the possibility for the pieces to be rotated around three axes, thus further expanding the range of options for variation without adding customized pieces.
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Ehsan Rahimi
+965 - 94494858 e.abdulrasoul@gmail.com
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