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LES. SOUTH AFRICA
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0˚
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Nordkap
Norway
Hammerfest
Province (Fylke) Boundary National Capital Province (Fylke) Capital
Tromso
Road Railroad
FINNMARK
Rivers
Akershus Fylke is administered from Oslo. 0
68˚
50
VESTERALEN
100 Kilometers 100 Miles
TROMS
Harstad
LOFOTEN
o Mu
50
0
Lakselv
Alta
Ta
International Boundary
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nas
alv
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Vattern
Skagerrak
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Norwegian Sea
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Bornholm
TAL
MUSIK
RIDE BÆKKEN
CRASH BÆKKEN
HIHAT
TAM TAM
GULV TAM
STORTROMME
| TROMMESÆT |
LILLETROMME
C
D
E
F
G
A
H
C
D
E
F
F
G
A
H
C
D
E
F
G
A
H
LÆRING
C O d
CIRKEL r: radius d: diameter A: areal O: omkreds
r
C
TREKANT h: højde g: grundlinje A: areal
a=g
b
b
1 ·h·g A= 2
h
h a
A = π · r2
O = 2 · π · r eller O =π·d c
A
B
b
l : længde b : bredde A : areal O: omkreds
h: højde g: grundlinje A: areal
h: højde a og b: parallelle sider A: areal
A=h·g
1 · h · (a + b) A=2
h
B
PARALLELOGRAM
TRAPEZ
REKTANGEL b
c=g
A
h
A=l·b O = 2 · (l + b) a
l
b
KEGLE
h: højde G: areal af grundfladen V: rumfang
PYRAMIDE
h
h: højde G: areal af grundfladen V: rumfang
G
h r
1 ·h·G V =3
KASSE
l
h: højde l: længde b: bredde V: rumfang O: overflade
h
V =l·b·h O = 2 · (l · h + h · b + b · l) b
1 ·h·G V =3
PRISME
h: højde G: areal af grundfladen V: rumfang
h G
V =h·G
KUGLE
CYLINDER
h: højde r: radius V: rumfang O: den krumme overflade
h r
V = π · r2 · h O =2·π·r·h
d
r
r: radius d: diameter V: rumfang O: overflade
4 · π · r3 V =3 O = 4 · π · r2
P E R I O D I C
Group 1 IA 2 S1/2 1
Atomic Properties of the Elements Frequently used fundamental physical constants
H
1.00794 1s 13.5984 2
S1/2
Li
Lithium 6.941 2 1s 2s 5.3917
11 3
2
S1/2
Na
Sodium
22.989770 [Ne]3s 5.1391
Period
19 4
2
K
S1/2
2 IIA
4
1
Be
Beryllium
9.012182 2 2 1s 2s 9.3227
12
5
S1/2
Rb
Rubidium 85.4678 [Kr]5s 4.1771
55 6
2
Cs
S1/2
20
Ca
7
Fr
38
87.62 2 [Kr]5s 5.6949
56
D3/2
Sc
Scandium
44.955910 2 [Ar]3d4s 6.5615
39
2
Y
D3/2
Yttrium
88.90585 2 [Kr]4d5s 6.2173
Ra
1
Ground-state Configuration 12
Ionization Energy (eV)
40
3
Zr
F2
V
41
6
D1/2
Nb
Niobium
91.224 2 2 [Kr]4d 5s 6.6339
F2
F3/2
50.9415 3 2 [Ar]3d 4s 6.7462
Zirconium
3
4
Vanadium
47.867 2 2 [Ar]3d 4s 6.8281
3
Rf
92.90638 4 [Kr]4d 5s 6.7589
73
4
Ta
F3/2
Tantalum
F2 ?
105
24
7
S3
Cr
7 8 9 10 VIIB VIII 3 6 5 4 F4 29 D4 27 F9/2 28 25 S5/2 26
Mn
Chromium Manganese 51.9961 5 [Ar]3d 4s 6.7665
42
7
S3
Mo
54.938049 5
[Ar]3d 4s 7.4340
43
6
Tc
2
S5/2
Fe
Co
Iron
55.845 6 2 [Ar]3d 4s 7.9024
44
5
F5
Ru
Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium 95.94 5 [Kr]4d 5s 7.0924
74
5
D0
W
Tungsten
106
(98) 5 2 [Kr]4d 5s 7.28
75
6
S5/2
Re
Rhenium
Db
107
Sg
Rutherfordium Dubnium
Seaborgium
57
59
(261) 14 2 2 [Rn]5f 6d 7s ? 6.0 ?
Cerium
Atomic † Weight
23
Titanium
104
(226) 2 [Rn]7s 5.2784
140.116 2 [Xe]4f5d6s 5.5387
Ti
F2
6 VIB
So Liq Ga Ar Pr
101.07
7
[Kr]4d 5s 7.3605
76
5
Os
D4
Osmium
Cobalt
58.933200 7 2 [Ar]3d 4s 7.8810
45
4
F9/2
Rh
Rhodium
102.90550 8
[Kr]4d 5s 7.4589
77
4
Ir
F9/2
Iridium
Ni
Nickel
58.6934 8 2 [Ar]3d 4s 7.6398
46
1
Pd
S0
Palladium 106.42 10 [Kr]4d 8.3369
78
3
Pt
D3
Platinum
C
C
6 [A 7
47
A
10 [K 7
79
A
178.49 180.9479 183.84 186.207 190.23 192.217 195.078 196 14 2 2 14 6 2 14 5 2 14 3 2 14 7 2 14 9 14 4 2 [Xe]4f 5d 6s [Xe]4f 5d 6s [Xe]4f 5d 6s [Xe]4f 5d 6s [Xe]4f 5d 6s [Xe]4f 5d 6s [Xe]4f 5d 6s [Xe] 6.8251 7.5496 7.8640 7.8335 8.4382 8.9670 8.9588 9
Radium
G4°
3
Hf
S0
1
5 VB
Hafnium
137.327 2 [Xe]6s 5.2117
88
22
72
Barium
Ce
Name
2
S0
Ground-state Level
58
21
4 IVB
1
Ba
(223)
†
S0
Sr
[Rn]7s 4.0727
Symbol
1
Strontium
Francium
Atomic Number
S0
40.078 2 [Ar]4s 6.1132
[Xe]6s 3.8939
S1/2
1
Calcium
132.90545
2
3 IIIB
24.3050 2 [Ne]3s 7.6462
Cesium
87
S0
Mg
39.0983 [Ar]4s 4.3407 2
1
Magnesium
Potassium
37
S0
Lanthanides
3 2
For the most accurate values of these and other constants, visit physics.nist.gov/constants 1 second = 9 192 631 770 periods of radiation corresponding to the transition between the two hyperfine levels of the ground state of 133Cs -1 speed of light in vacuum 299 792 458 m s c (exact) -34 h Planck constant 6.6261 ´ 10 J s ( /2 ) -19 e elementary charge 1.6022 ´ 10 C -31 me electron mass 9.1094 ´ 10 kg 2 0.5110 MeV mec -27 proton mass mp 1.6726 ´ 10 kg fine-structure constant 1/137.036 -1 Rydberg constant 10 973 732 m R 15 R c 3.289 842 ´ 10 Hz 13.6057 eV R hc -23 -1 Boltzmann constant k 1.3807 ´ 10 J K
Hydrogen
2
D3/2
La
Lanthanum 138.9055 2 [Xe]5d6s 5.5769
89 Actinides
1
T A B L E
2
D3/2
Ac
Actinium
(227) 2 [Rn]6d7s 5.17
(262)
58
1
Ce
G4°
Cerium
140.116 2 [Xe]4f5d6s 5.5387
90
Th
3
F2
Thorium
232.0381 2 2 [Rn]6d 7s 6.3067
Based upon C. () indicates the mass number of the most stable isotope.
(266)
4
Pr
° I9/2
108
Bh
Bohrium (264)
60
5
Nd
I4
Hs
Hassium (277)
61
6
H5/2 °
Pm
109
110
Mt Uun U
Meitnerium Ununnilium Un (268)
62
(281)
7
Sm
F0
Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium 140.90765 3 2 [Xe]4f 6s 5.473
91
4
K11/2
Pa
144.24 4 2 [Xe]4f 6s 5.5250
92
5
U
L6°
Protactinium Uranium
(145) 5 2 [Xe]4f 6s 5.582
93
6
L11/2
Np
150.36 6 2 [Xe]4f 6s 5.6437
94
Pu
7
F0
Neptunium Plutonium
231.03588 238.02891 (237) 2 2 3 2 4 2 [Rn]5f 6d7s [Rn]5f 6d7s [Rn]5f 6d7s 5.89 6.1941 6.2657
111
(244) 6 2 [Rn]5f 7s 6.0260
63
° S7/2
64
Europium
Ga
8
Eu
151.964 7 2 [Xe]4f 6s 5.6704
95
8
° S7/2
G
1 [Xe 6
96
Am C
Americium (243) 7 2 [Rn]5f 7s 5.9738
C
[Rn 5
2
13 IIIA
5
2
P1/2 °
B
Boron
10.811 2 2 1s 2s 2p 8.2980
13
2
P1/2 °
Al
11 IB
9
2
S1/2
Copper
63.546 10 Ar]3d 4s 7.7264
7
2
S1/2
Ag
Silver
07.8682 10 Kr]4d 5s 7.5762
9
Aluminum
12 IIB
Cu
2
S1/2
Au
Gold
30
26.981538 2 [Ne]3s 3p 5.9858 1
S0
Zn Zinc
65.409 10 2 [Ar]3d 4s 9.3942
48
1
Cd
S0
Cadmium
112.411 10 2 [Kr]4d 5s 8.9938
80
1
Hg
S0
Mercury
31
2
P1/2 °
Ga
Gallium
S0
He
1
49
2
P1/2 °
In
Indium
81
2
Tl
P1/2 °
Thallium
Gd
adolinium
157.25 7 2 e]4f 5d6s 6.1498
D2°
9
Cm
Curium
(247) 7 2 n]5f 6d7s 5.9914
6
H15/2 °
Tb
Terbium
158.92534 9 2 [Xe]4f 6s 5.8638
97
6
° H15/2
Bk
Berkelium (247) 9 2 [Rn]5f 7s 6.1979
C
7
Carbon
3
P0
Si
Silicon
28.0855 2 2 [Ne]3s 3p 8.1517
32
3
P0
Ge
° S3/2
N
Nitrogen
12.0107 2 2 2 1s 2s 2p 11.2603
14
4
14.0067 2 2 3 1s 2s 2p 14.5341
15
4
° S3/2
P
Phosphorus 30.973761 2 3 [Ne]3s 3p 10.4867
33
4
° S3/2
As
Germanium
Arsenic
50
3
P0
Sn
51
° S3/2
4
Sb
Tin
Antimony
82
3
Pb
P0
83
4
Bi
Lead
° S3/2
Bismuth
207.2 2 [Hg]6p 7.4167
208.98038 3 [Hg]6p 7.2855
16 VIA
8
3
P2
O
9
Oxygen
3
P2
S
P2
Se
F
17
2
° P3/2
Cl
Chlorine
32.065 2 4 [Ne]3s 3p 10.3600 3
P3/2 °
18.9984032 2 2 5 1s 2s 2p 17.4228
Sulfur
34
2
Fluorine
15.9994 2 2 4 1s 2s 2p 13.6181
16
17 VIIA
35.453 2 5 [Ne]3s 3p 12.9676
35
2
° P3/2
Br
Selenium
Bromine
10
1
S0
Ne
Neon
20.1797 2 2 6 1s 2s 2p 21.5645
18
1
S0
Ar
Argon
39.948 2 6 [Ne]3s 3p 15.7596
36
1
S0
Kr
Krypton
52
3
P2
Te
53
Tellurium
2
I
° P3/2
Iodine
54
1
Xe
S0
Xenon
5
I8
Dy
Dysprosium 162.500 10 2 [Xe]4f 6s 5.9389
98
Cf
5
I8
67
4
° I15/2
Ho
Holmium
164.93032 11 2 [Xe]4f 6s 6.0215
99
4
Es
° I15/2
Californium Einsteinium (251) 10 2 [Rn]5f 7s 6.2817
(252) 11 2 [Rn]5f 7s 6.42
3
Po
P2
85
2
° P3/2
At
Polonium
Astatine
(209) 4 [Hg]6p 8.417 ?
(210) 5 [Hg]6p
86
1
Rn
S0
Radon
(222) 6 [Hg]6p 10.7485
Uuh
Ununhexium
(289)
66
84
116
Ununquadium
(285)
65
P0
Uuq
Ununbium
D2°
3
114
Uuu Uub nununium 9
6
15 VA
114.818 118.710 121.760 127.60 126.90447 131.293 10 2 6 10 2 4 10 2 5 10 2 3 10 2 10 2 2 [Kr]4d 5s 5p [Kr]4d 5s 5p [Kr]4d 5s 5p [Kr]4d 5s 5p [Kr]4d 5s 5p [Kr]4d 5s 5p 5.7864 7.3439 8.6084 9.0096 10.4513 12.1298
112
(272)
14 IVA
4.002602 2 1s 24.5874
69.723 72.64 74.92160 78.96 79.904 83.798 10 2 10 2 2 10 2 3 10 2 4 10 2 5 10 2 6 [Ar]3d 4s 4p [Ar]3d 4s 4p [Ar]3d 4s 4p [Ar]3d 4s 4p [Ar]3d 4s 4p [Ar]3d 4s 4p 5.9993 7.8994 9.7886 9.7524 11.8138 13.9996
6.96655 200.59 204.3833 14 10 2 14 10 ]4f 5d 6s[Xe]4f 5d 6s [Hg]6p 9.2255 10.4375 6.1082
6
1
Helium
olids quids ases rtificially repared
4
18 VIIIA
(292)
68
3
Er
H6
Erbium
167.259 12 2 [Xe]4f 6s 6.1077
100
3
Fm
H6
Fermium
(257) 12 2 [Rn]5f 7s 6.50
69
2
° F7/2
Tm
Thulium
168.93421 13 2 [Xe]4f 6s 6.1843
101
2
° F7/2
Md
70
1
S0
Yb
Ytterbium
173.04 14 2 [Xe]4f 6s 6.2542
102
1
No
S0
71
2
D3/2
Lu
Lutetium
174.967 14 2 [Xe]4f 5d6s 5.4259
103
2
° ? P1/2
Lr
Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium (258) 13 2 [Rn]5f 7s 6.58
(259) (262) 14 2 14 2 [Rn]5f 7s [Rn]5f 7s 7p? 6.65 4.9 ?
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