Earth Focus Issue 37

ONE PLANE T - ONE COMMUNIT Y

Earth Focus RETHINK IT ALL Sustainable Development R e t hi n k i ng the m e a nin g o f Co mmit ment.

A fre sh look at what 's been acco mp lish ed and w h at re m ai ns to b e do n e.

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Plastic Free Living An exclu s i ve gui de fo r min imisin g yo ur da i ly u se of pla s ti c s

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Let's Talk About the F - Word No i t s not what you t h in k , b ut reac t io n s to it a re si mi lar

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Remembering Jacque Fresco A tr u e vi s i ona r y pre sent in g a well ro un ded pl an fo r c re ati ng a h ar mo n io us glo bal s oc i e t y - A re s ource based eco n o my

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L E ARN , S H ARE & AC T!

ISSUE 37

EARTH FOCUS RETHINK IT ALL

E DITORIA L COM M IT T EE M ar tin Andr ys ek Cam il l e B au d M il ena E hr ing hau s N ico l a S paf fo rd Fu re y Lau ra M al ag u ti R idim a M ittal E DITOR IN C HIE F M ar tin Andr ys ek

M E S S AG E F R OM E F F PRESIDENT

Is s u e 3 7 pu bl is hed on Jul y 2 8 , 2 01 7 in co o peratio n w i t h t h e :

E ar th Fo c u s Fo u ndat i o i n , 5 3 , r u e Anc ienne, 1 22 7 Ca ro ug e,

I t is with great pleasure that we announce the re -launching of our pub lication, the Ear th Focus magazine or iginally begun in 1992. The ar ticles availble on line will allow many to be infor med, to question and to share common exper iences that touch on sustainable development. Wishing you a g ood read. M arco Föllmi, President of the Ear th Focus Foundation.

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Sw itzer l and Fo r m o re info r m atio n s e e : w w w. ear thfo c u s fo u n d at i o n .o rg

Al l r ig hts res er ved © 2 0 1 7

s t n e t Con

RETHINK IT ALL

EARTH FOCUS

ll Rethink It A

Sustainable Development

Zero Waste in Kamikatzu >>> page 28

Rethinking the Meaning of Commitment

by Mark Halle

Arts and Films Section

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Sustainable Development as a Science

Clean Energies

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Plastic Free Living - An Exclusive Guide

Remembering Jacques Fresco

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Overfishing and what you can do about it

Initiatives in Focus

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Lets Talk About the F - Word

New Roots Cooperative Farm

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The Globalisation of Education

The Human Rights Divide

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EARTH FOCUS RETHINK IT ALL

d r o w e r o F I n an atm o s phere o f co ntin uo us dis info r m atio n, m any im por t a nt devel o pm ents (and pas t o n e s ) co n tinu e to be igno red. I t is in t h i s co n tex t that the idea to rel au n c h t h e E ar th Fo c u s m ag azine was t a k e n .

The thing is we have s o l u ti o n s to m o s t wo r l d pro bl em s. They j us t need s u ppo r t to be real is ed.

N ow is the tim e fo r ac tio n! t i o n co n tr ibu ted co ntent as wel l as re g ul a r inpu t by a ho s t o f exper ts.

H istory of ef maga z ine Fo l l ow ing the his to r ic R io E a r t h S u m m it in 1 99 2, a l ivel y deb ate wa s hel d at the Pregny c am pu s o f t h e G eneva I nter natio nal S c ho o l. Wi t h t h e hel p M r. Dav id B atten, the outco m e o f that dis c u s s io n l ed to the pub l i c at i o n o f the f ir s t E ar th Fo c us

Up p e r photo E FM Edito r ial Co mmit tee f ro m to p le f t, R i d i m a, M ar t in , M illi, Laura, N ico la and Ca mi lle. Lowe r image co n feren ce fo cusing o n L at i n Am e r i c a & co - o rgan ised by Ear t h Fo c u s.

Complementar y conferences, debates and discussions were organised to keep a follow up element and for more opportunities for exchange.

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LEARN SHARE & AC T

m ag azine.

S ince then , 3 6 is s u es have b e e n pu bl is hed a n d c i rc ul ated wo r l d w i d e fo s ter ing exc han g e a n d

f u r ther dis c u s s io n . St udents at ever y l evel, w hethe r p r i m a r y, s eco ndar y o r in hig her edu cat i o n co ntr ibu ted co ntent as wel l a s re g ul ar inpu t by a ho s t o f exper t s.

RETHINK IT ALL

EARTH FOCUS

COVER COMPE TI TI ON I n celebration of the re -launch of the Ear th Focus M agazine we would like to invite you to help choose what best represents us and what we stand for within our foundation.

We invite you to a cover page compe tition for our nex t issue ! What do you think represents Ear th Focus Foundation?! D ont miss your chance to have your ar t wor k , photograph, or drawing presented as the cover page of our nex t issue! We war mly invite you to show us what you think of issues within the Sustainable D evelopment realm! The overall theme for the nex t issue is D own to Ear th, What does this mean? To us it means putting things back into perspec tive, gaining a sense of realit y within a media crazed infor mation societ y, examining the wor ld and its issues from a holistic and accessible view.

What does D own to Ear th mean to you?

I nterested in par ticipating?

have a stor y to share? for content sumbissions send your material together with your name to : editor @ earthfocus . org W e LO O K F O R WA R D TO S H A R I N G YO U R S TO R Y

Please send your submissions to editor@ear thfocus.org

Write us! issue 3 7 5

EARTH FOCUS RETHINK IT ALL

Sust ai na ble D evelopment R eth i n k i n g th e m e a n i n g o f co mmi tment.

20 15 was a bu m per year fo r pro mi s e s. I n Jul y o ur g over nm ents ado pted the Addis Ab a b a Ac t i o n by M ark halle , iisd ( int. institute for sustainable development )

Ag enda o n Financ ing fo r D evel o p m e nt. I n S e p tem ber, they ado pted the 20 30 Ag e n d a w i t h i t s 17 S u s tainabl e D evel o pm ent G o a l s a n d 1 6 9 t a rg ets. And, to c row n the year, the y a d o p te d t h e Par is c l im ate acco rd in D ecem ber, un d e r w h i c h g over nm ents co m m itted to ac tio n to k e e p g l o b a l war m ing wel l bel ow 2 degrees Ce l s i us.

B e fore we co n clude t h at o ur wo r k is do ne, however, we s ho u l d as k o u r s el ves exac t l y w h at i s me ant whe n o ur gover n ment s so lem nl y ado pt thes e tex ts. To w hat exac tl y are th e y “co m m i tt i ng”? Is there any way ef fec t ively to ho l d them to their co m m itm ents ? Can a pr i ce b e ex a c te d s hou ld the y n eglec t to do wh at t h ey pro m is ed?

Pa s t prac ti ce is n o t en co uragin g. The l is t o f g o al s, targ ets, ac tio n pl ans, s trategie s a n d o t h e r ce re m oni al attr ibutes o f co n sen sus t h at have g athered du s t o n the s hel f grows l o nge r by t h e d ay.

The re ali t y i s t h at wh ile gover n ments g et pl ent y o f c redit fo r s igning u p, there is n o re a l p r i ce to be pa i d for failin g to co mply an d a m il l io n ready exc u s es fo r l etting co m m itm ent f l a g unt i l a n e w s e t of goa ls can be ado p ted an d rep l ace the o l d s et.

Bac k to the 2015 cro p : wh at is t h e natu re o f o u r co m m itm ent to the S DG s, o r to th e Pa r i s a gre e me nt? B oth are, o f co urse, vo lunt ar y. N either is binding o r enfo rceabl e in the no r m a l s e n s e o f t he te r m . No bo dy can t ake a U N St ate m em ber to co u r t over its f ail u re to im pl eme nt t h e a c t i o n s i t s ole m nly an d p ublicly un der to o k to del iver. I ndeed, the Par is Agreem ent was b ui l t f ro m t h e bottom up, o n t h e b asis o f t h e “I ntended N atio nal l y-D eter m ined Co ntr ibu tio ns” o f e a c h Pa r t y. I n othe r words, co unt r y X said “ we are prepared to do this” and the o ther s to o k no te. Put a l l t h e s e I N D C s toge th er an d yo u h ave a cat a l o g u e o f pro m is es m ade. What we agreed to wa s w h at wa s a gre e d. No co unt r y is o b liged to do m o re than w hat they dec l ared they intended to d o a ny way.

I n fac t, no count r y is even o bliged to do that.

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O f co u rs e af te r ye ars o f f ailin g to agree any thing co m prehens ive, it was im po r tant to sh ow t h at th e wo r ld c an a gree o n so met h in g, even i f the s u m to tal o f the intended co ntr ibu tio ns f a l l s f a r s h o r t o f what i s needed to deliver a resul t bel ow t wo degrees Cel s iu s. B u t the o nl y ar m o f i m p l e m ent ati on, i n re a lit y, is mo ral suasio n . Cou ntr ies m ay wel l feel they need to pl ay their p a r t a n d, if t h ey do, s o m u c h t h e b et ter. I f t h ey do n’t there is no t m u c h we c an do o ther than w r i n g o ur h a nd s and la m e nt t h e bad f ait h in eviden ce.

O r m ay be not. H a pp ily, we do n’t depen d o n g over nm ents fo r the bu l k o f the pro gres s m a d e.

Po s s i b ly the mos t direc t result o f t h e Par i s agreem ent is that it repres ents a cer tain g ua ra nte e o f co nt i n ui t y a nd ali gn ment in climate po lic y, and that in tu r n trans l ates into a m aj o r s hif t i n t h e inve st me nt patte r n s o f pr ivate capit al ow ner s. The po s itive ef fec t o f this s hif t – m atc h e d w i t h th e p o l i c y a nd re g ulato r y moves by t h e mo re advanced g over nm ents - co u l d prec ipitate a t ra n s fo r m at ive c ha nge in t h e align ment o f inves tm ent w ith l ow- c ar bo n g o al s, w hic h is, af ter a l l, t h e th i rd o bje c ti ve of t h e Par is agreement.

The res ult i s probably mo st evident in t h e pace at w hic h c l ean energ y tec hno l o g y is de ve l o p i n g an d b e i ng adopte d aro un d t h e wo r ld. Fur ther devel o pm ent o f renewabl e energ y, batte r y s to rag e, ele c tr i c ve hi c les an d t h e like co uld tak e u s a l o ng way to m eeting the g o al s o f the c l i m ate agre em e nt. We may succeed simp ly becau s e the m ar k et is g o ing in that direc tio n any way, a l i gn in g wi t h the e s ta blish ed p ublic p o lic y go al s. Par is w il l have s peeded u p the m ar k et tra n s i t i o n .

The S D G s – for a ll t h e ent h usiasm an d de ter m inatio n o f co u ntr ies to im pl em ent them - a re u n l i k e l y to have the same mar k et-t ran sfo r m ing im pac t. Even if they were s o l em nl y ado p te d, w he t h er or not they are implemented at t he natio nal l evel is u p to the co u ntr ies them se l ve s.

As i d e from re pu tat io n , p eer p ressure an d the fear o f o u r pro bl em s grow ing s teadil y wo r s e, t h e re are no re a l tools w it h wh ich to exercise acco u ntabil it y. The co m pl exit y o f the S DG ag e n d a m e a n s th at i t c a nnot re present t h e so r t o f f rame wo r k that inves to r s are l o o k ing fo r, s o its im p a c t o n s h i f t i ng patte r ns o f invest ment may n o t be ver y great.

The real q u e s ti on, h owever, is t h at wh ich as k s if s u s tainabl e devel o pm ent is g enu inel y co m p atib l e wi t h the d omin ant glo bal system o f eco no m ic o rg anizatio n. I f it is, there is a m aj or a d j us tm ent job to be d on e. I f n o t, h owever, wh at we need is trans fo r m atio n – a s hif t that f u n d a m e n ta l l y c h a nge s the way in wh ich we relate to the pl anet, and in par tic u l ar in the way that f i n a n c i a l a nd c a pi tal m ar ket s wo r k . We can n o t, u nder this s cenar io, wait aro u nd fo r m ar k ets to l e a d us th ro u g h the ne e ded ch an ges.

Na o m i K le i n, i n her b o o k “ Th is Ch an ges Ever y thing”, s tates s tar k l y that we c an have eith e r a t wo d egree ce i li ng, or we can co nt in ue to use co al, bu t no t bo th. I f s he is r ig ht – and I s tro n g l y s us pe c t s he i s – the n we n eed n o t o n ly to ma k e the c ho ice, bu t to f ace u p to its co ns eq u en ce s a s q u i c k l y a s pos s i ble.

EARTH FOCUS RETHINK IT ALL

Fra n k l y, i t m e a ns k illin g t h e co al in dust r y by w hatever l eg al m eans po s s ibl e – l egis l ati o n , s o c i a l m ovem e nts, s tar vin g o f f f un din g, divestm ent, s tranding as s ets, tec hno l o gic al advance, p ro gra m me s for the af fec ted wo r kers an d com m u nities, o r w hatever it tak es.

Thi s i s the k i nd o f ret h in k in g we n eed to g et u s ed to if we are g enu inel y g o ing to ac h i e ve t h e S D G s or li mi t global war min g to t h e t wo degree ceil ing o r, ho pef u l l y, m u c h l es s. I t is n o t t i n k e ri ng a round wi th adjust ment s to t h e cur rent, f ail ed, s ys tem . Ag ain, the c u r rent real itie s o f f i n a n ce o ffe r a s obe r i ng wake -up. Est imates o f w hat is req u ired to im pl em ent the S DG s rang e b e t we e n $ 1 . 8 and $5 tr i lli on do llars p er year t h ro u g h 2 03 0. I t s eem s l ik e a l arg e f ig u re bu t it is o n l y a sm a ll pe rce nta ge o f glo b al GDP – o r even o f as s ets u nder m anag em ent. A recent repo r t f ro m O E CD s u gge s ts that so me $21 t r illio n is hidden f ro m pu bl ic v iew, evading taxes and cont r i b uti ng l i ttle to the p ub lic purse. Lo o p h o les al l ow a s ing l e co r po ratio n - Appl e - to k eep c a s h p i l e s o f a l m o s t $300 bi lli on ab ro ad, o ut o f t h e reac h o f the US I nter nal R evenu e S er v ice and out s i d e t h e p ro d uc ti ve e conomy.

B y co ntra s t, offi cial develo p ment assistance – w hic h never c am e c l o s e to the targ et, s e t i n 1 9 6 6 , o f 0 . 7 % of the G DP o f t h e OECD co unt r ie s - hover s aro u nd $1 40 bil l io n, and that f ig u re i s l i k e l y to s i n k rathe r than r ise. O ur t arget o f rais ing $ 10 0 bil l io n per year to s pend o n u rg ent c l i m ate a c t i o ns i n de ve lo pin g co unt r ies t h ro ugh the G reen C l im ate Fu nd has no t even hit the 2 0 % m a r k .

And ye t, at the s ame t ime, we sp en d so m e $5 00 bil l io n a year s u bs idis ing c ar bo n-bas e d f ue l s, a n i nce nti ve that direc t ly an d co n spicuou s l y u nder m ines the c l im ate targ ets s et o u t in t h e Pa r i s a gre em e nt. That is fo ur t imes t h e to t al o f devel o pm ent as s is tance and, s ince it has a p e r ve r s e effe c t, s e r ve s to can cel it o ut to a large ex tent.

We a l l k now that aid will n o t deliver devel o pm ent. The c apital avail abl e in the pr ivate s e c to r w i ll ne e d to be mo b ilized. I t is dist ur b in g therefo re to l ear n that t wo tiny Car ibbean co l o n i e s – t he Cay ma n Is lan ds an d t h e B r it ish Virgin Is l ands – receive m o re fo reign direc t inves t m e nt t h a n Afr i c a , or that t h e 50 o r so Least-D evel o ped Co u ntr ies – tho s e m o s t in need o f inve s t m e nt recei ve no more t h an 5% o f aggregate FDI. S u s t a i na ble de ve lo p ment requires n o t o nl y do ing new, g o o d, thing s bu t phas ing o u t un s us t a i n a b le p rac ti ce s. M any o f t h o se p rac t ices are to be fo u nd in the r u l es that g over n f inanc i a l a n d ca p i t al m ar ke ts. I t is n o use sit t in g aro u nd and ho ping that the wo r l d w il l s u ddenl y wa k e up a n d a c t re spons i bly, i n t h e lo n g-ter m interests o f the entire pl anetar y po pu l atio n. The rewa rd s fo r favo u r i ng s hor t- ter m gain over lo n g-ter m benef it, o f inves ting in ac tiv ities that dam a g e s o c i a l co h es i on, a nd organ izin g to secure adva ntag es fo r a s pec ial interes t gro u p at the exp e n s e o f t h e p o p u lati on at la rg e are simply to o great.

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EARTH FOCUS

Not ici as Po s i t i va s ba sed i n Argentina shared an inter view wit h us ab out a re ce nt vent u re to m ake pa per f ro m sto n e. B elgian ent rep reneur Gunter Pauli is t he c re ato r o f t h e Z E R I fo u n dati o n th at's dedi c ated to p romot ing t he concep t of a Blue Eco n o my a n d As ian b u si n essma n Hen r y L i a ng, C EO of t he Lung M eng Tec hnologies Co., w h o s e com p any p ro d u ces sto n e pa per. Ye s, Liang p rod uces p ap er mad e of stone and n o t ce l l u l ose p u l p.

-Wh at i mpor tan ce do es a p ro jec t like this have u nder t h e conce pt of B lue Eco n o my?

Gu nte r Pa u li : - Blue Eco n o my pro p o ses that we u s e w hat is avai lable loc ally, an d t h at we fo cus o n c reating m o re added va lu e for what is already availab le. I t s u g g es ts that we res po nd to the countr y ’s n ecessit ies, an d t h at we reg enerate the env i ronme nt, usin g a clean , h ealt hy and f u l l o f added val u e p roduc ti on. Sto n e p aper is, af ter all, l im es to ne; a res idu e o f m i ni ng ac ti v i t y. Th is residue is co mbined (80 % ) w ith pl as tic s (2 0 %) , that c a n also be rec ycled, an d the co m binatio n o f bo th gi ve s u s a t y pe o f pap er t h at do esn’t need water o r c u tting trees fo r i ts produc tio n , an d t h at can be rec yc l ed fo r ever. This is B l u e Economy.]

-Wh at i s the role o f t h e M in ist r y o f Env iro nm ent reg arding this t y pe o f initiative?

S e rgi o B e rgman : -Wit h yo u we sh are g o o d news, and it is g o o d news to m igrate f ro m j us t s e e i n g t h e e nv i ronment to ac t ually pro tec t in g it – w hen we are al ways ar r iv ing l ate o r in th e w ro n g way- , and s e e i ng t h e St ate as a ‘Green Po l ice’ that has to be co ntro l l ing and au ditin g to n o t g e n erate da m age. M igrate, I say, towards the paradigm o f s u s tainabl e devel o pm ent, w h i c h wa nt s to s ti mulate a respo n sible use o f t h e env iro nm ent that g enerates added val u e, that c h a n g e s t h e p a radi gm.

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EARTH FOCUS rETHINK IT ALL

S u s t ai n ab l e D e ve l o p m e nt a s a S c i e n ce?

Author in Fo c u s :

D i d i er Blas co - Con sult in g E n gi n ee r a nd Te ac her, l oves to s hare hi s k n owle dg e, d i s s e mi nate in fo rm at i o n a nd ani m ate, wit h

An swe r ing this q u es tio n in an ac adem ic way is al rea d y l i m -

m u ch li s te ni ng and creat iv-

it in g t he v iew o n w hat S u s tainabl e D evel o pm ent (S D) a c t u-

it y, to le a d toward s auto n -

ally is, w hen u s ing exc l u s ivel y a co gnitive m ental ap p ro a c h .

omy a nd as s e r ti ve ex p res-

Yes, SD is a s c ience, in the c l as s ic al u nder s tanding of t h i s

si o n o f pe r s onal gif t s.

wo rd: anal y tic al, pragm atic, and wel l -fo u nded o n con c re te an d repeatabl e res u l ts. B u t S D is a ratio nal appro ac h o f co m -

H i s fe eli ngs a bou t Ear t h

p lex it y, and therefo re, S D is no t redu c tio nis t, and doe s n o t

Fo c u s Fou ndati on: “New

ch un k real it y into s eparate and w ro ng l y s u ppo s ed in d e p e n -

a p p ro a c he s to s u s t ain abil-

dent pieces. On the co ntrar y, S D is dem o ns trating th at t h e s e

it y t hrough e m pathy an d

o ld and l im ited think ing ways are l im iting o u r u nder s t a n d i n g

e t h i c s, ope ni ng to in n ova-

o f real it y. B ec au s e S D g o es ac ro s s dif ferent s c ientif ic f i e l d s,

tive e d uc ati on and man -

co n sider s dif ferent po ints o f v iew, co nnec ts l ayer s o f re a l i t y

a g e m ent pra c ti ce s.�

in a h o l is tic way and o pens to the dy nam ic s o f s el f - org a n i s i n g system s.

1 0 issue 3 7

RETHINK IT ALL

EARTH FOCUS

Le t ’s be prac ti c al an d co n sider a simple exam pl e fo r the deter m inatio n o f an agr ic u l tura l b e s t p ra c t i ce d, i n s u b -S ah aran Af r ica. On t h e o ne hand, yo u have the po s s ibil it y to inc reas e t h e gra i n c rop by 60% to 80% , by t h e use o f c hem ic al fer til izer s that are f inanced at f ir s t w i t h d evelopm e nt gra nt s f ro m n o r t h er n co untr ies. On the o ther hand, yo u c an co ns ider the us e o f se ed s s pe c i fi c of t h e ar id areas, o f o rganic fer til izer s, and new prac tices co m bined w it h a n ce s t ra l a nd loc al forgo t ten agr icult ural p rac tices, and g et a 20 0% and m o re grain c ro p incre a s e.

The l o c al autonomy, t h e p reser ved san it y and l ivel ines s o f the s o il, the pres er ved s ani t y o f d r i nk able wate r an d t h e p reser ved b io diver s it y wo u l d be s o m e o f the co m pl em entar y d e c i s i o n m a k i ng c r i te r i a .

Wh at k i nd of e nv iro n ment do we want to l eave fo r the nex t g eneratio ns ?

D es er t l and s p o i -

so n ed wi th de foliant ch emicals, radio ac tive nu c l ides, m o r tal m ines and bo m bs and o t h e r w i tn es s e s of our wa r r io r madn ess? D ead lan ds exhau s ted by greed, igno rant s el f is hnes s a n d we l l m a i nt a i ne d s tupi dit y? Obvio usly, t h e war bu s ines s is the m o s t pro f itabl e in the s ho r t te r m a n d a l so an e conomi cal an d eco lo gical disas ter in the l o ng ter m , as this deadl y s ho r t-ter m p ro f i ta b i l i t y i s not consider in g t h e co st fo r mater ial rehabil itatio n and co l l ateral dam ag es. An d I a m n o t s ay i ng a word o n t h e h uman an d env iro nm ental dam ag es…

S o now lets talk about wolves.

Thes e being s are a s y m bo l o f fero c it y in hum a n

my t h o logy. Bu t th e specialist s st udyin g their s o c ial behav io u r s w il l tel l abo u t the hu g e a m o u nt of ti m e th ey spen d playin g ever y day. And w hen wo l ves were re -intro du ced in Ye l l ows tone nati o n al p ar k in t h e 90’s, t he u nexpec ted co ns eq u ences s u r pr is ed al l o bs e r ve r s.

N o t o n ly di d the wo lves regulate t h e po p u l atio n o f el k s, bu t they hel ped in c hanging t h e e co s yste m, a nd re s tored t h e h ealt h o f t h e p ar k , inc reas ing bio diver s it y, c hanging the s ha p e o f t he r i ve r s, s toppi n g ero sio n …

(h tt p :/ /w w w

.f il m sf o ra c ti

o

/h o w -w o lv n .o rg /w a tc h

e s- c h a n g e -r

iv e rs /)

issue 3 7 1 1

EARTH FOCUS rETHINK IT ALL

Ac t u ally, thi s ‘ap ex p redato r ’ is also p ro tec ting l ife! This exam pl e dem o ns trates the co m p l exi t y of li v i ng s ys tems wit h emergin g p o s s ibil ities and s el f -reg u l ating interac tio ns. S o ye s, S D i s a l i t tle more than a t radit io n al scien ce: ac tu al l y, a s ys tem s’ s c ience and the way to a re cove re d w i s d om.

I n spi re d by nature's intelligen ce, p er mac u l tu re is al ready prov ing the po int fo r m any ye a r s. Th e Pha r ma ce u ti c al in dust r y un dersto o d a l o ng tim e ag o that they had to hu r r y and s tu d y t h e h un d reds of m e di c in e p lant s t h at sur ro un d the v il l ag es o f s o - c al l ed pr im itive au to c htho n o us p o p ul at i ons i n the tro pical fo rest s, h o pef ull y befo re thes e native peo pl e and their c u l tu re d i s a p p e a r t h a n ks to our c ivilisat io n o f tech n ical ‘pro gres s ' . . .

And SD i s more t h an a scien ce as it h el ps u s reco nnec t w ith bas ic hu m an val u es and s k i l l s s uc h a s tole ra nce ( for diversit y bein g in h erent to l ife and par t o f the natu re’s intel l ig ence ) , i nt ui t i o n (fo r a me nta l rat io n al app ro ach is n o t al ways bes t), s ens ibil it y (thro u g h awarenes s o f o ur ro o t s a n d explor i ng our feelin gs an d mo o ds w hen co nnec ting w ith natu re, its wo nder, its b e a ut y) .

We l e ar n about o ur own n at ure f ro m anim al s and pl ants, and we f ind hel p and radic a l n e w ways o f s u ppor t for disab led h uman bein gs. D o g s hel p reintegratio n into s o c iet y, al pac as s up p o r t a u t i s ti c c hi ldre n . . . Yes, SD is much mo re than a s c ience: ac tu al l y the way o f a recovere d p a s s i o n fo r hu m an li fe.

Wi t h the cons c io usn ess o f o ur mult iple f acets as s ens ibil it y, c reativ it y, ratio nal it y, we c a n s te p b a c k and ge t r i d o f t h e reduc t io n ist t r ic k , and s tand u p in o u r acco u ntabil it y toward s p a s t g e n erat i ons and the o n es to co me. SD wil l hel p u s recover o u r em pathy, s im pl y being for t h e s a k e o f i t, a nd fi nd an d ex plo re feelin gs an d s tates o f m ind that w il l o nl y o cc u r w ith o u r co n n e c t i o n to li fe, wi thi n us an d in t h e mar vello us wo r l d s u r ro u nding u s, giv ing bac k a s ens e an d p l e a s ure, a n d m ore be aut y, fo r an d by t h e love t hat we are and that we want to expres s and s h a re.

1 2 issue 3 7

RETHINK IT ALL

re-use and recy cle

EARTH FOCUS

A R TS & C R AFTS I D E AS

H ere at Ea r th Focus we tho ug ht i t i mpo r tant to get craf t y a nd expe r i ment wi th rec ycled mate r i a l s to com e up w i t h s o me reus able ar t wo r k s. N o t o nly is it a fun projec t but i t puts the i d eas of S u staina bi l i t y i nto p rac ti ce Fo r a S e c re t comp ar tement B o o k B ox yo u need: -

O ld B ook

- G lue - K ni fe / Cut ter Fo r a N o - S e w T-sh ir t To te B ag yo u n ee d: -

An old T-sh ir t

- S c i s s or s -

Fabr i c paint / D eco rat io n s

Fo r a Te a li ght Ho lder yo u n eed: -

A us e d c an

- S c i s s or s issue 3 7 1 3

M AX & V O L T A I RE

T A LK AB O U T T H E ENV I R O NM ENT “Hey M ax,” s ays Vo l taire. “ Why is M adam e R o s em ar i e t a k i n g all t ho s e em pt y w ine bo ttl es o u t to her veg etabl e ga rd e n ? ” “I do n’t k now ” repl ies M ax. “ Let ’s f ind o u t.” “ I t l o o k s li ke s he i s mak in g a garden b o rde r w ith her em pt y w ine bo ttl es,” s ays Vo l taire. “M a d a m e R o se m a r i e li ke s to dr in k win e so sh e h as lo ts o f w ine bo ttl es.” “ Th at ’s a gre at i d e a ,” st ates M ax . “No t o n ly is s he m ak ing her g arden prett y bu t s he is al s o d o i n g s om et hi ng i mpor ta nt fo r o ur enviro n ment.” “ Why i s putti ng wi n e bo t t les into t h e gro und im po r tant fo r o u r env iro nm ent?” as k s Vo l ta i re. “ S he i s pu tti ng the 3R ’s into p rac t ice,” an swer s M ax. “ Wh at a re the 3R ’s ? ” asks Vo lt aire. “ Th e 3 R ’s s ta nd for R educe, R esuse an d R ec yc l e,” expl ains M ax. “ When we reu s e thing s, we re d uce wa ste a n d that ’s go o d fo r t h e enviro n ment. When M adam e R o s em ar ie u s es em pt y w ine b o t t l e s to ma k e a gard e n border sh e is rec yclin g t h e w ine bo ttl es and u s ing them fo r ano ther pu r p o s e. “ “ I se e,” says Volta i re. “I h ave to do so met h ing now s o I w il l s ee yo u l ater.” “ Wh ere are you goi n g?” ask s M ax . “ I’m g o i ng to fi nd my do g gro o min g brush and br ing it to M adam e R o s em ar ie s o s he c an gro o m m e,” re p l i e s Voltai re. “Af ter M adame R o semar ie br u s hes m e s he tak es the f u r f ro m the gro o mi n g b r us h a n d l e aves i t for the bi rds wh o use it to build t heir nes ts. S o, I am g o ing to rec yc l e s o m e o f my f ur a n d h e l p to p rote c t the enviro n ment. We sh o ul d al l do o u r par t.”

T he M ax and V oltaire A dventure S eries ™ were created by M ina M auerstein B ail TO find out more check out: W ww. maxandvoltaire . com

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EARTH FOCUS

introduction Pl a st i c produc ti o n b egan b ack in t h e 1 8 4 0 ’s and to this day, ever y p iece o f p l a st i c prod u ce d st ill remain s o n t h e e a r t h. Thi s i s be cause plast ic do es n o t b i o d egrade. Now, any o f t h e millio n s o f p las ti c prod u c t s t h rown o ut lay way i nto the futu re eit h er in lan df ills o r in o u r pre c i ous ocean s. plastic in the oceans D u e to UV radi at io n an d t h e mech an ic a l fo rce s of the win d an d waves, p last i cs bre a k d own an d f ragment. Pieces d e ter i orate i nto micro p last ics in creasi n g t he i r s u r face area an d t h e p o ssib ili t y o f c he mi c al tran spo r t.

g n i v i L e e r F c i t s a l P

Guide e v i s u l c x E An

microplastics M i c ro pla s ti c s a c t as lit t le sp o n ges wit h their s u r f ace area co ntaining co ncentratio ns o f h a r m f ul p o llu ta nts. The s e min ute p ieces are mistak en fo r al g ae and k r il l, co ns u m ed by s m al l f i s h , t h e n b i g g e r fi s h, the n b igger mammals: Even hu m ans ! w h at yo u c a n d o Th i s i s a compre hen sive guide o n h ow to el im inate pl as tic f ro m yo u r dail y l ives. Whil e i t i s n o t ea s y, s i nce pla s tic is ever y wh ere, it ’s a cau s e wo r th f ig hting fo r.

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EARTH FOCUS RETHINK IT ALL

To p f i v e e a s y way s to Q U I T p l a s t i c Thes e a re the s olu ti o n s yo u wo uld h ave h e ard e ve r y whe re, but t h at is because t h ey are ea s y to do a nd mak e a h uge dif feren ce.

Cre ate ne w ha bi ts to h elp t h e ear t h : keep ba g s i n your c a r, ta ke t h e t ime to h ave a co f fe e a nd cons tantly teach by leadin g by ex am p l e.

1. B r i n g a re u s a ble water bo t t le wh erever you g o.

2. B r i n g a re u s a ble bag o r box wh en yo u go s hop p i n g 3. S ay no to the pla s t ic st raw.

4. H ave co ffe e i n, or br in g a keep cup.

5. O n l y t ake away i f you br in g yo ur own co nt a i ne r.

P L A S T I C F R E E C LOT H I N G

Wa it, there is pl as tic in c l o thing ? Unfo r tu natel y, Ye s. Wh e n wa s h e d

b er s w hic h do no t g et c au g ht by the was hing m a c h i n e, a n d i n s te a d Th is c an be u p to 4, 50 0 f iber s per gram o f c l o thi n g p e r wa s h !

1. B u y c l o thes m ade o u t o f 1 00 % natu ral f iber s in c l ud i n g : co t to n ,

2. Was h the s y nthetic c l o thing yo u ow n l es s f req ue nt l y, o n co l d e r s

3. Line dr y ins tead o f s pin dr y w hic h inc reas es f r i c t i o n s a n d l o o s e n

4. C hec k w hat yo u r s ho es are m ade o f, and ag ain , i nve s t i n fe we r b 5. Avo id s ho pping o nl ine to m inim is e pac k aging.

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EARTH FOCUS

P L A S T I C F R E E K I TC H E N I t is i m p o s s i ble to go to any sup er mar k et and igno re the vas t am o u nts o f f res h pro du ce w ra p p e d i n p l as t i c. Ple as e te ll me why o ran ges n eed an ar tif ic ial w rapping ?

G o to fa r me r ’s m ar ket s. No t o n ly is it supp o r ting l o c al bu s ines s es, the pr ices tend to be l owe r a n d yo u have fre she r c hoi ce s.

M ak e yo ur own produce b ags o r buy reusab l e o nes.

Ch o o se bulk s tore s if yo u h ave t h e o pp o r t unit y.

I f yo u d o not, pi c k th e past as p ack aged in p aper and c anned fo o d over pl as tic pac k aging.

I f yo u e n joy bubbly water, invest in a b ubb l e m ak er fo r yo u r ho m e.

I f yo u d o not li ke tap water, invest in a f i lte r.

Swi tch u p you r te a bags fo r lo o se leaf tea.

Al s o, d o you re ally NEED t h o se ch ip s? : )

d, m a ny s y nt he ti c mate r ials release micro f i-

d en d u p‌ Ye s, you guessed it. I n t h e o cean .

, line n , wo o l, s i lk , c a s hmere, jute o r h emp.

se ttin g s wi t h li q u i d la un dr y so ap.

ns fiber s.

but hig he r qu ali t y pa i r s.

issue 3 7 1 7

EARTH FOCUS RETHINK IT ALL

p l a s t i c f r e e b at h r o o m I f yo u l o o k into yo u r bathro o m , I g ua ra n tee yo u w il l have m any s u btl e p l a s t i c i te m s aro u nd yo u r s ink , in yo u r s howe r a n d i n t h e drawer s.

1. Sw itc h to bar s o f s o ap o r m a k e yo ur ow n l iq u id s o ap!

2. C ho o s e s ham po o and co ndi t i o n e r b a r s to el im inate pac k aging. O r g o No p o o !

3. G et a bam bo o, bio degradab l e to o t h b r us h .

4. Co ns ider g etting rec yc l ed to i l e t p a p e r w itho u t pl as tic pac k aging.

5. G et g o o d q u al it y m etal razo r s t h at l a s t l o ng er, and s have better.

6. C hec k o u t the my r iad o f zero wa s te to o t h pas tes avail abl e o nl ine.

PLASTIC FREE LIFE K e e p i n mi nd that a lo t o f p last ic is h idden : in j u ice c ar to ns, co f fee c u ps and m o s t l ids.

B e o n t he lookout for n at ural alter n at ives : i. e. . N atu ral co m po s tabl e o r f l u s habl e c at l itter.

K e e p Tu p pe r ware on h an d to avo id sin gle us e co ntainer s.

C hoo s e to re c yc le ne wspap er, co lo ur f ul pap er o r even c l o th fo r w rapping pres ents.

Us e vi n eg ar as your mult i pur po se clean in g deterg ent, o r g et c reative and add e ss ent i a l o i ls to pe r fec t yo ur own recip e.

I f yo u sm oke, c hoos e to bacco po uch es an d paper f il ter s.

1 8 issue 3 7

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EARTH FOCUS

W h y s tay m ot i vat e d ?

M agnif icent anim al s s u c h as this w hal e s h a r k a re b e i n g fo u nd w ith pl as tic rem ains in their bo die s. St ud i e s o n s ea bird po pu l atio ns have fo u nd that 79 % o f S h e a r wa ter s pec ies have ing es ted pl as tic ! Whil e t h e a m o unt o f pl as tic ing es ted by tu r tl es var ies bet wee n s p e c i e s, i n s o m e s tu dies, 10 0% o f j el l y f is h eating tu r t l e s h a d p l a s tic in their bel l ies ! Uns u s pec ting l y, even p e o p l e w h o s til l eat f is h are co ns u m ing thes e tiny f ra gm e nt s o f m ic ro pl as tic s.

As wel l as endang er ing anim al s, pl as tic a l s o t ur n s n atu ral beau t y ’s into u g l y r u bbis h tips. Was h i n g i n f ro m the o cean o r f l ow ing dow n r iver s, pl as tic a cc um ul ate s al o ng r iver bank s, in fo res ts and o n beac h e s. Wh at us e d to be k now n as the f ive o cean g y res, are n ow m o re co m m o nl y c al l ed the ‘ 5 pl as tic g y res’.

Co o l R e s o u rc e s to C h e c k O u t

This is the o nl y ear th we have, and u ntil E l o n M us k f i g u res o u t how to g et u s to M ar s we have b ut o n e c h o i ce

A Pla s t i c O ce a n – a feat ure -len gt h do cumen-

to m ak e. We m u s t f ig ht fo r this pl anet, for o ur ow n c h i l -

ta r y b r i ngi ng to li fe t h e co n sequen ces o f o ur

dren and al l the f u tu re g eneratio ns.

g l o b a l l i fe s t y le.

B ag I t – Is your li fe to o p last ic?

Tra sh i s for Tos s e r s – A wo man wit h a t iny jar of r u b b i sh a f te r four years.

The O cean C le a nup – B oyan Slat develo pin g a m et ho d to c le an the seas.

B an The B a g – ge t beh in d p et it io n s fo r yo ur co u nt r y or s tate to ban plast ic b ags.

R o b G re enfi e ld – wear in g 30 days wo r t h o f tra sh to show ou r wastef ul lifest yle.

N oPl a st i cPle a s e - Al ex is’ brain ch ild wit h an A- Z li st of e li m i nati ng p last ic

r yskova B y K a t t A n d n t .c o m myveganexp

e r im e

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EARTH FOCUS RETHINK IT ALL

O ve r fi s h i n g and what you can do about it

by L aura M alaguti

We li ve on thi s plan et called Ear t h b ut w hen we o bs er ve s atel l ite im ag es, wo u l dn’t i t b e m o re a p p ropr i ate to call it O cean ?

I n deed, the o ceans cover ing 7 1% o f the E ar th' s s u r f ace – p r i -

m a r i ly the Pa c i f ic, t h e At lant ic an d t h e I ndian, to g ether w ith the Arc tic s u r ro u nding t h e No r t h Po le and the S o ut h er n sur ro un din g Antarc tic a, m erg e to fo r m the l arg es t habitat o n Ea r t h . ( W WF, 2017)

Supp o r t in g a great var ie t y o f l ife, o u r o ceans to day are u nder great th re at by

ove r fi s hi ng, c li mate ch an ge, mar it ime traf f ic, po l l u tio n and an inc reas ing g l o bal po p ul at i o n .

F ishing methods and bycatch S e ve ral fi s hi ng met h o ds are dest ruc t ive bu t it is im po r tant to no te that pro gres s has b e e n m a d e ove r the past decade, esp ecially af ter the bro adc as t o f The E nd o f the Line. Lon g l i n e, s e t n e ts and trawlin g are amo n g t h e mo s t des tr u c tive m etho ds bu t s everal tec hno l o gi c a l i n n ovati ons have seen t h e light in cluding the Tu r tl e E xc l u der D ev ice ( T E D) al l ow ing t h e s e a t u r t l e to e s c a pe, wh ich is n ow used by m any traw l er s. I n the pas t, l evel s o f do l phins, t ur t l e s a nd s e abi rds were ex t remely h igh . ( W W F, 2 01 7) Edu c atio n o f m es h s izes o f the nets, m o d i f i c a t i o n of the m e tho ds used an d t ime o f fis hing o peratio ns, l egis l atio n and m o nito r ing o f f i s h i n g fle ets, and the in creasin g awaren ess of f is her m en thro u g h edu c atio n are al l po s itive c h a n g e s b ei n g s e e n. ( Le wiso n et al. , 2004)

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RETHINK IT ALL

EARTH FOCUS

E D U C AT I O N Ed uc ati on i s key. “ Th ro ugh inter p ret atio n, u nde r s tand i ng; t h ro ugh un derst an din g, a p p re c i ati on; th ro ugh app reciat io n , p ro tec t i o n.” ( Fre e m an Tilden , 1957)

W hat choices can we make as consumers ?

Thi s s tar ts wi th all o f us mak in g t h e r ig ht fo od c hoi ce s an d t h us dr ivin g t h e ma r k et.

The re are wi d ely less “p o pular ” f ish t h at a re avai la ble at h ealt hy rates an d can be ca ught us i ng sust ain able met h o ds suc h a s m ac ke re l ( th e “ t un a’s co usin”), Dab and a n chov i e s. Avoid co d, At lant ic salmo n, p la i ce, le mon so le an d t un a.

MSC The bl u e M S C l abel m eans it co m es f ro m a s us t a i n abl e f is her y that has m et the M ar ine Stewa rd s h i p Co u nc il Fis her ies Standard w hic h m eas u re s t h e s u s tainabil it y o f w il d- c aptu re f is her ies an d e n s ure s s tandards were devel o ped thro u g h co ns u l t at i o n

FRIEND OF THE SEA Fr iend o f the S ea fo l l ows the FAO G u idel i n e s fo r the eco -l abel l ing o f f is h and f is her y pro d uc t s f ro m m ar ine c aptu re f is her ies. Cer tif ic ati o n i s o nl y al l owed fo r pro du c ts f ro m no t overex p l o i te d s to c k s. (Fr iend o f the S ea, 20 17 )

ASC Aq u ac u l tu re Stewards hip Co u nc il w hic h a i m s to trans fo r m aq u ac u l tu re towards env iro nm e nt a l s us tainabil it y and s o c ial res po ns ibil it y. (AS C, 2 0 1 7 )

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EARTH FOCUS RETHINK IT ALL

Let' s Talk ab o u t t h e F wo rd B y Caroli ne M yr t h ue & Tara Tib blin C an you guess which word starts with the letter “ F ” and can occasionally draw a scowl to the faces of some individuals ?

N o, this wo rd is no t inappro pr iate eno u g h to no t be u ttered in f ro nt o f yo u r el der s, bu t a dis c u s s io n o n the wo rd in q u es tio n m ay c hu r n the s am e res po ns e. A s co f f, a s hr u g o r a bl atant hu s h hu s h are no t u nco m m o n o r o u t o f o rder in ter m s o f reac tio ns.

T he word is …. F eminism N ow be fore you clo se yo ur lapto p o r pu t away this m ag azine, hear m e o u t.

I st a nd as a pr i vileged middle class six teen-year- o l d w ho has a l o t to s ay.

Alt hou gh, I a m ver y pr ivileged an d yo u m ay no t want to l is ten to m e, a gir l w h o has had her f un dament al r ight s p ro tec ted s ince bir th, I as an indiv idu al h ave wi tne s s e d in just ice p laguin g un d er pr iv il eg ed wo m en and gir l s wo r l dw i d e e ve r y s i ngle day. I h ave to en sure that bec au s e I have a vo ice, that a d vantage i s tak en an d I speak fo r all o f tho s e w ho are s il ent. D u e to the co nsc i e nce of my s oul I can n o t simply igno re this o ppo r tu nit y, and now bec au s e I h ave the be nef it o f a vo ice, I am go ing to be heard.

N ow be fore we go any f ur t h er in t h is a r tic l e, we have to g et s o m e thing s st rai ght. As we all k n ow, ter ms such as Fem i-N azi c irc u l ate w hen a wo m an i d e nti fi e s he r s elf as a femin ist. Th is is an ins inu atio n, w here wo m en w ho do b e l i e ve i n Fe m in ism t h in k t h at t h ey are better than m en, hate m en and are a g gre s s i ve i n a dvo cat in g wo men’ r ights.

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EARTH FOCUS

Thi s ca n be attr i buted to t h e f ac t t h at peopl e s im pl y do no t k now the tr u e m eaning o f t h e te r m ‘Fe m in i s m’ a n d thus, when so meo n e wh o is pass io nate abo u t the s u bj ec t c am paigns o r advo cate s fo r i t, i t is u nd e rs tand able th at t h ey may co me o f f as s tro ng indiv idu al s. I t is o u r bel ief that if th o s e w h o d o n o t k n ow the s e d e f in it io n s are ult imately edu c ated abo u t them , then their perceptio n o f Fe m i n i s m c a n b e alte re d. The y may even b eco me Feminis ts them s el ves.

Let ’s b egi n to fa ce t h e h ard co ld t rut h . I n a ro o m w ith an eq u al q u antit y o f yo u ng wo m e n a n d m e n , th e q u e sti on wa s po sed: wh o ident if ies t h e m s el ves as fem inis ts ? I f yo u do, rais e yo u r ha n d. O n l y a fe w yo u ng gi r ls rai sed t h eir h an ds, wh ile the res t o f the ro o m was im bu ed in an aw k ward s i l e n ce w i t h pu z z le d looks. The yo un g gir ls wh o raised their hands repres ented dif ferent co u ntr ies, c ul t ure s a n d ba c k grou nds ; however, t h eir smiles o ut sh i ned thes e bar r ier s and the s il ent ag o nis ing at m o s p h e re exp re ss e d by thos e wh o o pp o sed t h eir ide ntif ic atio n w hen they c au g ht the s ig hts o f the l i k e m i n d e d in d i v i d u als i n the roo m. Sub sequent to t h e q u es tio n, a f u r ther s im il ar tas k dau nted the yo un g s t udent s to rai s e the i r h an d if t h ey ident if ied them s el ves as a s u ppo r ter and bel iever o f g en d e r e q ua l it y. Wi t hout a s e con d o f do ubt, t h e ro o m was f il l ed w ith co nf ident hands o f bo th g enders, re a c h i n g for i d enti fi c ati on. Th is t ime, t h e silen ce fel l o n tho s e rare indiv idu al s w ho did no t co m mi t to s up p o r t s u ch a fu nda m e ntal h uman r ight. Th e ques t o f this detail ed o bs er vatio n dis pl ayed the b e l i e f i n t h e r ig ht t h at all i ndi v i duals sh o uld be equally treated, des pite their g ender.

And i t was also to invest igate the ir r itabil it y w hic h fel l u po n the ro o m w hen t h e f -wo rd wa s m e nt io n ed. Th e same co ntem pt m o s t o f yo u pro babl y feel w hen yo u s til l h e a r t h e f-word in yo ur h eads wh ile rea ding this ar tic l e. Why is it that the wo rd fem in i s m c a r r i e s s uc h an ex p en sive st igmat ic label ? Tr u th is, the ac tu al def initio n o f Fem inis m i s t h e b e l i e f that m en an d wo men sh o uld have eq u al r ig hts and o ppo r tu nities. This cover s t h e ex a c t s a m e fun dament al o bjec t ives t hat the wo rd g ender eq u al it y c ar r ies. Thu s m a ny d o n’t k now their similar it y because o f the m an-hating m ar k that it c ar r ies.

Fe m i ni sm i s c alle d femin ism, n o t to devalue the im po r tance o f m en' s r ig hts, bu t to s peci f i c a l l y i d e n tif y fe m ale s wi thi n t h e mat ter o f gen der equ al it y, s ince fem al es’ r ig hts are the m ino r it y o f t h e t wo i n today ’s s oc i e t y. N ow, t h e f ac t s acco rdin g to g l o bal c itizen. o rg is that, in m o s t co u ntr ies wo m e n o n l y e a r n b e t we e n 60% an d 75% o f men’s wages - fo r the s am e wo r k . Al s o, there are approximate l y 7 8 1 mi lli o n i lli te rate a dult s wo r ldwide – t wo -t h irds are wo m en. To info r m the g l o bal po pu l at i o n a b o ut th i s va l i d and s e r i ous issue, t h e femin ist movem ent was c reated to enco u rag e eq u al it y fo r b o t h g e n der s, not to ma ke an in dividual feel sh amef u l fo r pro u dl y bel iev ing in an es s ential hu m a n r i g ht.

We co u ld conti nu e to t alk ab o ut t h e f ac t s and tr y to co nv ince yo u even m o re w hy g ende r e q ua l i t y i s a b i g i s s ue i n ou r wo r ld, b ut t h at ’s n o t t h e aim o f this ar tic l e. I ns tead, feel em powered to f i g ht fo r t h e j u s t i ce o f e q u al r i ght s bet ween b o t h gen der s, no t j u s t as a m an, o r as a wo m an, bu t as a fe m i n i s t.

issue 3 7 2 1

The Great Al e The larg e st Europe a n glacier l ocate d i n Switzer l a nd, w hi ch over th e last 1 0 0 ye ar s ha s s h runk co nsid era bl y and conti nues to d o so i n the pre s ent d ay fresh water source

I f thi s m as s of ice m elte d, i t could supp ly ever y s i ngle pe rso n o n t he Ear th wi th a lit re o f wate r e ve r y d ay fo r 4. 5 ye ar s

speed The dis tance covered by the ice over tim e in the pro ce s s is the g l ac ier ' s vel o c i t y.

The vel o c it y o f the G re at Al ets c h G l ac ier is 20 0 m per year

RETHINK IT ALL

EARTH FOCUS

e t s c h G lac ier

through the years Fro m lef t to r ight, (above) t h e t h ree image s sh ow t h e st ate o f t h e Alet sch in 1971. 1991 an d 2002.

M eas u rem ents by the Pro N atu ra Center Al ets c h s how that the g l ac ier is expe r ienc ing dram atic abl atio n, s hr ink ing by u p to 5 0 m etres in l eng th eac h year

se k a r ti n A n d r y p h o to s b y M issue 3 7 2 5

EARTH FOCUS RETHINK IT ALL

The Globali sat i on of Education

By Je n i B ayk o c a Lina Ismail I n e s Pe re z G a i a d i B e r n a rd i n i & M a d d i e G atc h

Let ’s educate the educator.

Wi th the co mp et it iven ess an d ex trem e am o u nto f pres s u re that s tu dents are s u b j e c t to i n s c ho o l systems aro un d t h e wo r l d, it is inev itabl e to wo nder if edu c atio n h a s c ha nge d f ro m an en joyable jo ur ney into a o ne -s ize -f its -al l s ys tem . Edu c atio n i s a n d s hou ld be co n sidered a to o l wit h w hic h we c an q u es tio n the u nq u es tio nabl e. As yo u conti nue to read o n , yo u will dis cover ways in w hic h yo u as a s tu dent m ay u s e yo ur e d u c ati on to mo der n ise t h e system , w hic h we are fo rced to enter at a ver y ear l y a g e.

Accordi ng to R o ma Th ak ur, teen ag er s to day have the s am e anxiet y l evel as insa n e a s y lum pat ient s in t h e 1950s. What are the co ns eq u ences o f this ? D u e to the p re s s u re of ach ievin g go o d grades, chil dren have res o r ted to c heating as a g ateway.

Thi s contradic t s t h e real pur po se o f edu c atio nw hic h is to l ear n and to devel o p o p i n i ons. As st ated in a CNN p o ll, 75 % o u t o f a gro u p o f 4, 50 0 hig h s c ho o l s tu dent s h ave c he ate d, wit h over h alf direc t ly pl agiar is ing (5 0% do no t co ns ider co py ing ans we r s a s c he ati ng).

2 6 issue 3 7

RETHINK IT ALL

EARTH FOCUS

Al o ng wi th hi gh p ressure an d ex pec t at io ns to ac hieve, o f tenteac her s are pu t u nder h i g h s t re ss to have th eir st udent s do well intheexam s. This c an l ead teac her s to “c heating t h e te s t.

M a ny te a c he r u nio n s h ave t r ied to f ight this, arg u ing that this c an pu t an im m ens e a m o unt o f u n ne e de d pressure o n b o t h t h e st af f and the s tu dents. This res u l ts in s tu dents pl a c i n g greate r e mpha s is o n t h e grade rat h er than the l ear ning pro ces s.

A way by whi c h educat io n may prevent s u c h s tres s is thro u g h c reative ar t s k il l s. I t ha s b e e n p rove n that ar t sk ills in educat io n h ave a s ignif ic ant ef fec t o n the ac adem ic and s o ci a l s uc ces s of the s tu dent s. Ar t sk ills such as draw ing, pl ay ing an ins tr u m ent, painting and d a n c i n g he l p wi th s tre s s relief an d can o pen t he do o r to po s itive s tres s m anag em ent. Tho s e w h o s ay t hat the a r t s k i ll s can rest r ic t st udent s f ro m “co re” s u bj ec ts are indeed inco r rec t! Us i n g d at a s u b mi tte d by the st ate’s p ublic sch o o ls, the M is s o u r i D epar tm ent o f Edu c atio n has s h ow n t h at t ho se wi th be tter par t icip at io n in creative s k il l s are m o re l ik el y to co m e to c l as s, avo i d b e i n g exc l ude d a nd wo uld go o n to b eco me a gradu ate. Additio nal l y, they dem o ns trated h i g h e r p ro fi ci enc y i n m ath emat ics an d co mmun ic atio n. ar ts edu c atio n has a s ignif ic ant ef fec t o n t h e a c a de m i c and s ocial success o f t h e st udents.

Whil e in the pas t, dec is io ns over the co n du c t o f the edu c atio nal s ys tem s in s c h o o l s were l im ited to the dec is io n o f the g ove r n m ents. S ince the ever- grow ing pres e n ce o f the s tu dent bo dy in m ak ing cer tain d e c i s i o n s is beco m ing a real it y, it is now tim e fo r t h e yo u ng er g eneratio n to beco m e pro ac t i ve a n d vo ice their o pinio ns. I f yo u feel l ik e m a k i n g a co ntr ibu tio n to the devel o pm ent o f yo ur s c ho o l ’s edu c atio n s ys tem reg arding ce r t a i n feas ibl e as pec ts (s u c h as teac hing me t h o d s ) , it wo u l d be ideal to g et in to u c h w ith yo ur teac her s o r s c ho o l adm inis trato r s th ro ug h e -m ail o r even tak e par t in co nver s at i o n s w i t h the s tu dent co u nc il repres entatives ( i f yo ur s c ho o l has any ) to m ak e hel pf u l recom m e n datio ns to teac her s o n how to im prove t h e l ear ning exper ience.

issue 3 7 2 7

ZE R O WA S T E IN K AM By Camille B au d

I f yo u are fa m i li ar wit h alter n at ive media and l ik e reading abo u t l o c al and eco l o gic al i n i t i a t i ves, you mi ght h ave h eard o f K amik ats u - a s m al l J apanes e v il l ag e l o c ated in To k u s h i m a p re fec t ure, on Shi ko k u islan d- an d it s Zero Was te po l ic y. I had heard o f K am ik ats u v il l ag e a n d wa s i nt r i gue d by i t. Th us, a few mo nt h s ago, as I was travel ing over J apan, I dec ided to g o a n d s e e i t wi t h my own eyes. K amik at su is t h e sm al l es t v il l ag e o f S hik o k u is l and. I t is l o c ated i n t h e m o u ntai ns, 40 k m so ut h -west f ro m To k us him a. 85 % o f its s u r f ace is covered w ith fo re s t. Th e re a re 1600 pe ople livin g t h ere an d 50% of them are over 6 5 year s o l d. D es pite appeara n ce s, K a m ik ats u i s ve r y mo der n in many ways, es pec ial l y in its rec yc l ing s c hem e, w hic h g ot s t a r te d a b o ut 23 ye ar s ago. . .

Timeline of the Zero Waste Polic y 1 9 9 4: L aunc h of t h e cit y waste rec yclin g pl an (fo r env iro nm ental reas o ns bu t m ainl y fo r b ud g e ta r y re a s ons be c ause it was ch eaper to rec yc l e was te than to o rg anis e a s ys tem o f co l l e c t i o n a n d d i s p o s a l of wa s te).

1 9 9 7- 2002: The waste rec yclin g rate in the v il l ag e is abo u t 55 % in 1 99 8. The s o r ting s t at i o n p ro gre ss i ve ly m ove f ro m 9 catego r ies o f rec yc l ing bins to 2 2 c ateg o r ies and to 34 c ateg o r i e s i n 2 0 0 2 .

2 0 0 3: Ad opti on o f t h e Zero Waste D ecla ratio n w ith the aim to pro m o te the rec yc l ing o f wa s te a n d t he re u s e of ex ist in g reso urces, by co m pl etel y el im inating was te hav ing to be in c i n e rate d o r b u r i ed by 2020.

2 0 0 4- 2007: Cre at io n o f t h e asso ciat io n Zero Was te Ac ademy and o pening o f the s ho p a n d c ra f t ce nt re Ku r u k u r u.

2 0 1 6: The wa s te rec yclin g rate is b et ween 8 0% and 9 0% (in co m par is o n, it is abo u t 2 0 % i s t h e re s t o f t he cou ntr y ) .

RETHINK IT ALL

M I K ATSU

EARTH FOCUS

Nowadays in K amik atsu I g et the c hance to s pend my day w ith Te r um i A zu m a, a l ovel y 2 8 year s o l d wo m an wo r k i n g fo r the as s o c iatio n Zero Was te Ac ademy, in c h a rg e o f the pro j ec t (there are f ive em pl oyees i n to t a l ) .

S he m ak es m e dis cover the was te s o r ti n g s t at i o n o f the v il l ag e and its 45 dif ferent c ateg o r i e s o f bins (they have added s o m e m o re s ince 2 0 0 2 ) . As an exam pl e, we f ind in dif ferent bins : a l um i n i um c ans, s teel c ans, brow n g l as s bo ttl es, t ra n s p a re nt g l as s bo ttl es, “o ther co l o u r � g l as s bo ttl e s, n e ws paper s, paper s, c ardbo ard, pl as tic bo tt l e s, c a p s, pl as tic pac k aging, batter ies, bu l bs, f l uo re s ce nt l am ps, c ho ps tic k s, m ak e -u p, to o thbr u sh , c l o t h e s...

Co ncer ning fo o d, I l ear n that ever y hous e h o l d i s eq u ipped w ith its ow n co m po s t bin. Th e rate o f co m po s ted fo o d is al m o s t 10 0% and th e co m p o s t o btained is w ho l l y u s ed as fer til is er fo r l o c a l c ro ps.

The res idents o f the v il l ag e have to g o to t h e s tatio n, o pened ever y m o r ning, by the m s e l ve s and dis po s e in eac h bin their was te - it h a s to h ave been c l eaned befo rehand. E ac h c ateg o r y o f wa s te is reg u l ar l y co l l ec ted and s ent to dif fere nt re c yc l ing centres, o r, if the c ateg o r y is no n - re c yc l a b l e, to a was te inc ineratio n pl ant o r l andf il l s i te...

I n this way, to g et to the o bj ec tive o f ze ro was te by 2 02 0, the s m al l team o f the Ze ro Wa s te Ac ademy k eeps o n s earc hing fo r new id e a s : t h e c reatio n o f o ther c ateg o r ies o f rec yc l a b l e wa s te ; o r pu tting into pl ace a s ys tem o f co l l ec tion o f p o i nt s and rando m draw ing s w ith a vo u c her fo r t h e m o s t c aref u l res idents. Â

issue 3 7 2 9

A Local Economy Bu t ac tua lly, th e co n cep t o f zero waste in K am ik ats u g o es f u r ther than j u s t m anagin g wa s te.

I nd e e d, the wi ll o f t h e resident s is to pro m o te a real l o c al and c irc u l ar eco no my.

I n that s e ns e, th ey created a place where the res idents have the po s s ibil it y to dro p a l l i te m s s t i l l u s a ble that t h ey want to get r id of, and w here ever y bo dy c an co m e and tak e th e m , fo r f re e.

Th e s hop i s c a l led “Kuruk uru”, mean in g “c irc u l ar ” in J apanes e and it o f fer s dis hes, cl o t h e s, b a g s, b o oks, batte r i es, an d any o t h er so r t of g adg et. Ter u m i tel l s m e that in 20 16 , the ite m s ' c i rc ul at i o n rate i n the s hop was 90% (n o t b ad!).

M ore ove r, c lot h es, f uto n s an d o t h er fabr ic s co l l ec ted at the s o r ting s tatio n are s ent to t h e Kur uku r u c ra f t- ce ntre, wh ere vo lunteers re - u s e was te m ater ial s, u ndo, redo, s ew them to m a k e m o d e r n c l o the s, ba gs, key-r in gs, an d o t h er acces s o r ies. The c reatio ns are s o l d in the v il l ag e at ve r y at t ra c ti ve pr i ces.

Fi nally, re s i d e nt s o f K amik at su t r y to pro m o te l o c al bu s ines s es to attrac t new res id e nt s a n d p re vent popu lati o n’s declin e in t h e village.

Fo r i ns ta nce, Terumi an d h er h usban d o pened a new c afé/res tau rant three year s ag o, t h e “ Po l e s t a r ”. Thi s s ma l l but ver y mo der n place co m pl etel y m eets the o bj ec tives o f s u s taina b i l i t y a s i n clu d e d i s the Zero Waste D eclarat io n: the co o k m inim is es the veg etabl e peel ing s a s m uc h a s p o s s i ble ; no paper n ap k in s are given to c l ients ; dr ink ing s traws are m ade in co m po s t a b l e m ate r i a ls ; re ce i pts a re n o t p r inted; t h e h eat ing s ys tem is f u el l ed w ith wo o d and the pl ace i s ve r y we l l i solate d. M ore over, t h e meals, dr in k s, and des er ts are m ainl y m ade w ith ingredient s p ro d uce d i n t he v i llage ( r i ce, po t ato es, lemo n (to m ak e the del ic io u s l em o n j u ice c al l ed “ Yu k o”) , p um p k i n s, m a ple le ave s ( “M o miji ”) An o the r famous p lace in K amik at su is its “ R is e and Win” B rewer y, (detail ed ar tic l e w r i t te n o n t h e s p ec i fi c topi c ht t ps: //w w w. cur bed. co m /20 15 /8 /6 /9 93 30 72 /j apanes e - eco co ns c io u s - b re we r y ) , o f whi c h the bu i l din g an d t h e f ur n it ure is m ade o u t o f reu s ed m ater ial s, and w here th e c ra f t b e e r i s

RETHINK IT ALL

EARTH FOCUS

R a is in g aware ne ss for D eforestation w i t h: Th e d efore s tati on cr isis h as a majo r imp ac t o n to day ’s s o c iet y and f u tu re g eneratio ns. Tre e s c re ate b io d i ve rs i t y, wate r secur it y, clean an d f resh air ! However, hu ndreds o f trees are being cut d ow n e ve r yd ay. To combat t h is ver y p ressin g probl em , Eco s ia was c reated! Eco s ia is a s earc h e n gi n e w h i c h u se s a d re ve nu e s to plant t rees. As yo u are reading this, Eco s ia is pl anting o ne tree ever y 5 s e co n d s !

I n to t a l, Ecos i a has planted 7, 586, 299 t rees and co u nting !

Wh en 9 t h gra d e s tudent s at S o ut h b an k I nter natio nal S c ho o l in Lo ndo n heard abo u t this, t h e y k n e w th ey h a d to ta ke a c t io n at t h eir sch o o l! They f ir s t s tar ted by res earc hing the brows er an d t h e p o s sible i m pa c t i t could h ave. Th ey t h en used their res earc h to prepare a pres entatio n fo r Gra d e s 6 , 7 a n d 8 . I n the pre s e nt at io n , t h e audien ce le ar ned abo u t the g l o bal defo res tatio n c r is is, w h at Eco s i a is a n d h ow the y c an use it. To give st udents an incentive to u s e Eco s ia, a co m petitio n wa s c re ate d.

Fo r t he com pe ti ti on , Eco sia advo cates sent o u t a s u r vey as k ing eac h s tu dent in G rades 6 , 7 a n d 8 to a s k t he i r c las s how many t rees t h ey h ave pl anted s o f ar. With tho s e that pl anted the m o s t t re e s g e t t i ng a s pe c i al d isco unt fo r camp us lun c h! S o o n m o re and m o re peo pl e beg an to dow n l o a d Eco si a !

I f st u d e nts c ha nge d t h eir search en gin e f ro m o ther s s u c h as G o o g l e to Eco s ia, this wo u l d d o n ate tree s e ac h ti me a s tudent search ed so met h ing. Then 80 % o f the pro f its w hic h they m ak e f ro m t h e i r se a rc h ad re ve nue go to t h e plant in g o f t rees. They pl ant trees al l over the wo r l d, inc l u d i n g Pe r u, I nd o ne si a, M ada gascar an d in B ur k in a Faso. I n B u r k ina Fas o the S ahara D es er t is rapidl y ex p a n d i n g so u t h a n d i s m ak i ng it ver y dif f icult fo r p eo pl e to s u r v ive there. B y pl anting trees there, t h i s w i l l sto p t h e proce s s of deser t if icat io n an d resto re the fer til e l and. Per u has beco m e heav il y d e fo re s te d a s i t b e came a re d zo n e fo r co co a p ro duc t io n. Additio nal l y, Eco s ia is now wo r k ing w ith l o c a l co f fe e a n d co coa coope rat ives to refo rest t h e area and es tabl is h new inco m es fo r l o c al co m m un i t i e s.

M ad a g as c a r i s the mo st glo bally bio - diver s e ho ts po t. However, the is l and has l o s t over 9 0 % o f i t s fo re st s. To s olve this issue, Eco sia is h ir in g v il l ag er s to repl ant the fo res ts s o that w il dl ife c a n f i n a l l y ret u r n a nd s oi l e rosio n will sto p. Last ly, M o u nt S aran in B o r neo is covered by natu ral fo re s t s a n d i s ho m e to ma ny s pe cies, such as, t h e Oran gu tan. There, l o c al v il l ag es have fo r m ed a gro u p c a l l e d t h e “G u n u n g S ara n Le s ter Fo un dat io n” to create ano ther al ter native to m o re w idel y s preadin g p a l m o i l p ro d u c ti on. To he lp, Eco sia will supp o r t t h is co m pany f inanc ial l y and hel p the f ar m er s’ l i ve l i h o o d s by p la nti ng te n di fferent t yp es o f t rees suc h as s u g ar pal m .

O vera l l, Ecos i a’s mi ssio n h ad a great imp ac t o n S o u thbank ’s s c ho o l co m m u nit y - w hic h h e l p e d s t ud ent s u nd e r s ta nd an d h elp so lve t h e defo res tatio n c r is is. I t had a po s itive im pac t o n the s c h o o l co m m u n i t y as Ecos ia bro ught peo p le to ge ther to hel p tak e ac tio n o n o ne o f the wo r l d ’s m o s t cu r re nt global i s s u es.

B y Cam bro n Wade and Vivek a Tibbl in issue 3 7 3 1

EARTH FOCUS RETHINK IT ALL

ittal M a m i d i R y oem b p a , s e l g n a of the B w o d a h S e Th

Po e t r y n o i t c e S

S itting bes ide the do o r, pl eading fo r a r ig ht o n my bo dy B eg ging fo r a l ife to l ive, ho pes and te a r s s h o d d y a weeping hear t, yel l ing fo r m erc y, a v is io n e ve n wo r s e Why m e, w hy am I bo r n a gir l, w hy am I a c ur s e ?

To r n to pieces, my bo dy bec am e a v ic tim to l us t R a p e d w ith no o bedience, my s o u l w hipped to du s t Tre ate d a s a wo r thl es s o bj ec t, c has ing my ow n hear s e Why m e, w hy am I bo r n a gir l, w hy am I a c u r s e?

S u pres s ed, repres s ed, v io l entl y thu m ped an d t h ra s h e d B eaten, ro tten and eaten, his vows and my f a i t h c ra s h e d I owed my exis tence to him , m ade him my un i ve r s e Why m e, w hy am I bo r n a gir l, w hy am I a c u r s e?

S o l d to feed a few, m any fed m e to be s o l d a g a i n As pover t y grew l ik e a weed, my s heet had a s t a i n Tra d e d fo r pl eas u re, bl eeding to pain, s til l a yo u ng ve r s e Why m e, w hy am I bo r n a gir l, w hy am I a c u r s e?

Per haps I s ho u l d o pen the do o r, l etting s u n l i g ht s o br ig ht Per haps I s ho u l d refo r m my f ate, s ta n d, l e a r n a n d f ig ht Per haps I s ho u l d ref u s e yo u r br u tal ac t i o n s o n m e diver s e I t is m e, I am bo r n a gir l and I am n o t a c ur s e.

Per haps I s ho u l d m ove o u t, m ove o n, o ppo se a n d re s i s t Per haps I s ho u l d co m pete, my indiv idu al it y to p e r s i s t Per haps I s ho u l d vo ice ag ains t my ow n c reate d a m e rce I t is m e, I am bo r n a gir l and I am no t a c u r s e.

3 2 issue 3 7

RETHINK IT ALL

E N D O F T H E LINE

COWS P IR AC Y

EARTH FOCUS

B E FORE T HE FLOOD

I ni t i ally a book by Ch ar les

R eveal s a prev io u s l y l arg el y

The pres s ing is s u e o f c l i m ate

C l ove r i n 2005 i n wh ich h e

un mentio ned co ntr ibu to r to

c hang e has pro du ce d co nt ro -

s t ate s that 75% o f t h e wo r ld ’s

climate c hang e, that being

ver s ial debates am o n g s c h o l -

fi sh s toc ks a re eit h er f ully

beef pro du c tio n and o ther

ar s, po l itic ians, and s c i e nt i s t s

ex p loi te d or over-f ish ed, it

an imal f ar m ing ac tiv ities.

al l aro u nd the g l o be.

2 0 0 9 re ve a li ng th e imp ac t o f

S o me of the f ac ts bro u g ht to

B efo re the Fl o o d, a d o c um e n -

g l o bal ove r fi s hin g.

light a re that C hic k ens, tu r-

tar y by Leo nardo Di Ca p r i o, i n

k eys p ig s and cows are co l l ec -

co l l abo ratio n w ith N at i o n a l

I t ex ami ne d the ex t in c t io n o f

t ively the l arg es t pro du cer s o f

G eo graphic, inco r po rate s k e y

t he B lu e fi n tuna essent ially

met h ane in the U. S . . . M ethane

f ac to r s in the debate o n C l i -

t r i g ge re d by the in creasin g

is 20x m o re power f u l at trap -

m ate C hang e and doe s s o i n a

Wes te r n de m and fo r sush i,

pin g h eat in the ear th' s atm o -

ver y f l u ent m anner.

t he vas t i m pa c t o n mar in e life

sp h ere than c ar bo n dioxide.

b ec am e a d oc u ment ar y f ilm in

o f t h e ove r populat io n o f jelly-

R ev iew co ntinu ed o n n ex t

fi sh d u e to pollut io n , an d t h e

Release Date: September 15, 2015

pag e

p ro found i mpli cat io n s o f a

Genre: Documentary

fu t u re wor ld wi th n o f ish

Director: Kip Andersen, Keegan Kuhn

Release Date: July 16, 2010

Writer: Kip Andersen, Keegan Kuhn

Genre: Documentary

Release Date: June 12, 2009

Cast: Kip Andersen

Director: Leonardo DiCaprio

Genre: Documentary

Studio: A.U.M. Films; First Spark Media

Writer: Christopher Nolan

Director: Rupert Murray

Cast: Leonardo DiCaprio, Ken Wata

Writer: Charles Clover

Studio: Warner Brothers

Cast: Ted Danson Studio: Arcane Pictures, Calm Productions, Dartmouth Films issue 3 7 3 3

EARTH FOCUS RETHINK IT ALL

D e t a il e d R e v ie w B e fo re t h e F lo o d b y M il li E h r in g h a us

The p rod u c ti on i s ch arac ter ized by t h e f a m o u s painting The G arden o f E ar thl y D el ig ht s by H i e ro nym u s B os c h. From t h e G arden o f Eden , to the s eco nd panel w hic h depic ts over-po pu l at i o n a n d exce ss, and the n to t h e last pan el wh ich s hows m as s ive dec ayed l ands c apes. This s ets t h e to n e fo r t he d i re c ti on in wh ich t h e f ilm is h eaded. I n this pro du c tio n DiCapr io travel s al l ove r t h e g l o b e to i nve s ti gate t h e damage do n e to o u r Pl anet. DiCapr io, do es this u nder the name o f t h e U n i te d N ati ons M essen ger o f Peace o n C l im ate C hang e. Fo o tag e o f the Par is C l im ate S um m i t i n 2 0 1 5 , s hows the co llab o rat io n o f t h e global co m m u nit y in ef fo r ts to f ind a s o l u tio n to g l o b a l wa r m i ng, a lthough it may seem like a ste p fo r ward, DiCapr io q u es tio ns w hether it is e n o ug h .

Di Ca p r i o addre s s es issues such as p over t y in I ndia, des tr u c tio n o f rainfo res ts du e to o ur i m m e n s e p a l m o i l cons u m pt io n , t h e dest ruc t io n of co ral reefs al l over the Pl anet, the endang er m e nt o f s p ec i e s and the r ise o f sea level.

Di Ca p r i o admi ts a p essimist ic at t it ude towards the is s u e o f c l im ate c hang e in the o pen i n g o f t h e do cu m e ntar y, which let s h im relate to t h e m aj o r it y o f the g l o bal po pu l atio n. However, t h i s p e s s i m i s t i c atti tude i s t ran slated into so me fo r m o f f aith and ho pe at the end o f the f il m , w h i l s t s t i l l ma i nt ai ni ng the urgen c y o f t h e issue at h and. DiCapr io s peak s o f a g l o bal natio n w ho s e re s p o n s i b i li t y l i e s i n a m ajo r t ran sit io n towards renewabl e energ y and s to pping fo s s il f u el co ns um p t i o n .

An o t he r d i s ti nc ti ve p o int DiCap r io makes is the c r itiq u e o n the US A. This beco m es app a re nt w i t h h i s v i s i t to I nd i a, wh ere h e discusses t h e advantag es o f renewabl e energ y ver s u s the d i s a d va n t a g e s of coal. The issues o f mass co n sum ptio n and a cer tain l ifes t y l e that the US po pu l at i o n h a s grown a cc u s tomed to ap pears to be a ma j o r f ac to r in c reating G reenho u s e G as es. The U S i s p o rt raye d as hy poc r i tical; wh ile ex pec t in g devel o ping co u ntr ies to s w itc h to renewabl e en e rg y, t h ey h ave the largest co n sumpt io n o f Fo s s il Fu el s aro u nd the g l o be. M o reover, DiCapr i o h i m s e l f c la i m s re s pons i bi lit y fo r p ar t ak in g in t h is l u xu r io u s l ifes t y l e, w hic h br ing s v iewer s c l o s e r to h i m and p rovoke s s y mp at hy to an ex tent. En g aging u s er s in the s ens e, that they s ho u l d no t fe e l b a d i n what li fe s t y le th ey are par t ak in g, as lo ng as they are w il l ing to c hang e and grow w it h t h i s n e w awa rene s s.

Al t h o ugh the produc t io n was ver y in fo r m ative and edu c ated, the k now l edg e pres ented wa s n o t ne w. B e fore the Flo o d sh owed it self to be a co nv inc ing pro du c tio n. I t depic ts the p ro b l e m c le a r l y, whe n re fer r in g to t h e co r rup t io n w ithin o u r s ys tem w hic h tr ig g er s and m aintai n s t h e f l ow o f fa l se i nfor m ati o n , based o n co r p o rate interes ts. This l ink , in par tic u l ar dem o ns trate s to w h at ex te nt we as ‘nor mal ’ cit izen s are b ein g co r r u pted o n a m u c h hig her l evel and the need to n o t fee d t h i s cor r upti o n b eco mes app arent

3 4 issue 3 7

GIN

RETHINK IT ALL

EARTH FOCUS

Conference 2017

Ba c k to Lu xe mbourg 22 M arch 2017, f ro m G eneva, Sw itzer l and yo u have the im pres s io n t h at Luxe m b o u rg i s not far, well wh en t h ey t ak e o f f the trains f ro m B as el, no r ther n Sw itzer l and, to Luxe m b o urg a nd yo u le ar n that it will t ake mo re t h an nine ho u r s and f ive c hang es, that yo u c an g o vi a Pa r i s – a no t h er e i ght hours o r f ly fo r a fo r t un e – dr ive fo r f ive and a hal f ho u r s – wel l we drove, a n d t h o ug h it to o k longe r we event ually go t t h ere. I , per s o nal l y, have attended q u ite a few o f the 1 2 G I N co n fe re n ce s, i n fac t he lped o rgan ise t wo in G eneva in 2 00 9 and 2 01 0, eac h tim e it is a new an d i nvi g o rat i n g ex p e r i e nce.

Va le r i e Is be q ue do es a f abulo us jo b t h at l eaves, eac h year, aro u nd three to fo u r hu ndre d yo un g h i g h s c h o o l s tude nts, o f all dif ferent n at io n alities, w ith po s itive m em o r ies and val u es that w i l l l a s t t h e m fo r l i fe. Wi th the p r ivilege o f at ten din g an inter natio nal s c ho o l in their ow n co u ntr y o r a fo re i gn co u nt r y the s e youn g p eo ple already h ave an exper ience o f inter natio nal l iv ing thro u g h t h e i r p a re nt s a nd te ac he r s. The an n ual visit to Glo bal I s s u es N et wo r k (G IN ) co nference, if yo u have b e l o n g e d to t h e G I N group i n your sch o o l, wo r k ed to get her to devel o p pro j ec ts, rais ed m o ney fo r a c aus e o r b e e n to a s s i st othe r s you will un derst an d GI N.

Va l er i e s pe nd s th e year f in din g k ey-n o te s peak er s to s tim u l ate the s tu dents, peo pl e w h o h ave b e l i e ve d i n the i r cause an d wo r ked h ard to ac hieve it w il l co m e to s hare and s peak , te l l t h e i r sto r y w hi c h c a n be ver y movin g an d so m etim es ver y s ho c k ing, ans wer q u es tio ns and t h e y b r i n g a b re at h of fre s h, commit ted an d st imulating f res h air. Their exam pl es are to be fo l l owe d a n d h ow b e t ter than to m eet, sp eak an d fo llow t hes e inc redibl y brave peo pl e?

Thi s ye ar we we nt f ro m Wiser Gir ls S ch o ol in K enya w ith Andrew Cu nning ham to j u g g l i n g a n d t i g ht- rope wa lk i ng in Afgh an ist an , escaping f ro m g eno c ide in R wanda, s u r v iv ing the Ts un a m i i n S r i L a n k a c aus i ng t ragedy an d po sit ive a c tio n, hel ping gir l s and wo m en in B u r u ndi and m o re. Th e st u d e nts we re i nspired an d an n o un ced their pl ans fo r ac tio n in the co m ing year. E ac h G I N gro up a l so h e ld a wor ks h o p o n t h e subjec t t h at they w is hed to s hare. Thes e yo u ng peo pl e wi l l b e a c t i ve wo r ld c i ti ze ns.

We a l l look for ward to t h e n ex t GI N co n ference.

B y N i cola Spa fford Furey issue 3 7 3 5

EARTH FOCUS RETHINK IT ALL

Cl ean Energy

Truly R enewable S ources.

When to l d that this o r the o ther is a fo r m o f c l ean energ y w hat is real l y m eant. H ow c a n nu c l ear power be des c r ibed as c l ea n w h e n it l eaves behind to nnes o f radio ac t i ve wa s te w ho s e s to rag e til l now has no t bee n re s o l ve d.

H ydro - el ec tr ic power is al s o co ns id e re d c l e a n tho u g h the adver s e im pac t o n l o c a l e nvi ro n m ent has been wel l do c u m ented The q u es tio n is rather is it s u s taina b l e.

GEOTHERMAL

TIDAL / WAVES

WOOD PELLE TS

O ne of the mo st ef f icient

Var i o u s co ncepts have

Var io u s f al l en b ra n c h e s

m e thod s for gen erat in g

bee n tes ted, a l arg e

and o ther bi o -wa s te i s

p owe r and heat. Pump

scal e ro l l o u t o f the tec h-

co m pres s ed i nto p e l l e t s

co ld wate r down , an d as

n o lo g y is s til l to be s een.

that prov ide h e at i n g.

i t hi ts hot layers o f ro ck-

N ew trees are p l a nte d to

s te a m come s up. U n fo r-

o f fs et the CO 2 re l e a s e d.

t unate ly only feasable in vo lc ani c are as.

3 6 issue 3 7

RETHINK IT ALL

EARTH FOCUS

MATCH I N G E N E R G Y S OUR CES Ca n you te ll which ph o to s represent wh ic h E nerg y s o u rce? Draw l ines to m atc h eac h o n e a n d tes t your k nowledge.

1 A S ola r

2 B Coa l

3 C Nu c le ar

4 D Gas

5 E Oil

6 F H ydro

Ans we rs.

issue 3 7 3 7

1c, 2e, 3b, 4 a, 5 f, 6 d

EARTH FOCUS RETHINK IT ALL

FIND OUT MORE:

R e me mb e r i ng J a cq ue Fre sco

TH E. V E N USPR OJ E C T. COM

Ja cq u e Fre sco (M arc h 13, 19 16 – M ay 18, 2017) i s t h e fo u nde r of The Venus Proj ec t. A cont i nui ng ef fo r t to imp leme nt a de fi ned v i s io n for a pe ace ful and prosp er ious wor l d.

3 8 issue 3 7

RETHINK IT ALL

EARTH FOCUS

T he venus project Th e Ve n u s Proje c t re flec t s t h e culm inat i o n o f M r. Fre s co’s life wo r k : the i nte grati on of the b est o f scie n ce a n d te c hnology into a co mpre he n si ve pla n for a n ew so ciet y bas e d o n hu m an a nd enviro n men ta l co ncer n. I t i s a glob al visio n o f ho p e fo r t he futu re of h uman k in d in o u r tec h nologi c al age

Automated Construction S ystem A m u lt i -func ti on uni t ma chi n e i s us e d to lif t an d l ate r i ns e r t pre fa br i cated h ous i n g com pone nts into a s u p p o r t str uc ture. Al t h o ugh th e s e p refabr i c ate d un it s are co m p o s e d of s ta nda rd co mpon ent s, the y are of a mo du l a r d e si gn wi th s u c h a wide and d i ver s e ar ray as to allow ma x i m u m i nd i v i dua l ex press ion i n i nte r i or de s i gn an d dé co r.

R oxanne meadows From 1 9 7 5 to the pre sent, R ox an n e M eadows has wo r k ed to devel o p an d p ro m ote The Ve nus Pro jec t an d par t icip ated in the ex ter io r and inte r i o r d e s i gn a nd co n st ruc t io n o f t h e build ing s o f The Venu s Pro j e c t ’s 2 1 - a c re re s e a rc h an d p lan n in g center. ( pic tu red to p l ef t) As a fu t u r i s t pre s e nti n g t h e aims o f Th e Ven us Pro j ec t, M s. M eadows, al on g wi t h M r. Fre s co, h as lec t ured at co n ferences and s em inar s in ove r 2 0 countr i e s aroun d t h e wo r ld. issue 3 7 3 9

TEENAGE MAGAZINE SECTION NAME

INIT IATI VE S F O U R I MPO R TA N T I N I T I AT I V E S

" Eco c ide is the ex tens ive

Af ter the ho r ro r s o f Wo r l d

damag e to, des tr u c tio n o f

War II, E l eano r R o o se ve l t a n d

o r lo ss o f eco s ys tem (s ) o f a

m any o ther s inter nat i o n a l l y

given ter r ito r y, w hether by

c am e u p w ith a pl an fo r p e a ce

h uman ag enc y o r by o ther

and pro s per it y fo r p e o p l e

causes, to s u c h an ex tent that

in al l co u ntr ies bas e d up o n

p eacef u l enj oy m ent by the

f u ndam ental hu m an r i g ht s.

in h abi tants o f that ter r ito r y

This pl an is em bo die d i n t h e

h as be en o r w il l be s everel y

f am o u s Univer s al D e c l a rat i o n

dimin i s hed. "

o f Hu m an R ig hts.

To have re a l c han ge

Th is is the def initio n pre -

Unfo r tu natel y, this p l a n o f

n o t only i s human i-

sented by Po l l y H ig gins. the

r ig hts fo r al l has ne ve r b e e n

t a r i a n ai d ne e ded b ut

aim is to add it to the R o m e

f u l l y im pl em ented. U n i te fo r

a evolu ti on of t h e

st at ute w hic h al ready s ets

R ig hts is a no n- g ove r n m e n -

o ut fo u r Cr im es Ag ains t Peace

tal o rg anizatio n that i s h e l p -

an d t h e I nter natio nal Cr im i-

ing to im pl em ent th i s p l a n by

n al Co u r t to enfo rce them . A

u niting peo pl e, bu s i n e s s e s

mo ck tr ial in the UK S u prem e

and g over nm ents to d ra f t a

Co ur t has al ready dem o n-

G l o bal B il l o f R ig hts, a l i s t o f

st rated that Eco c ide l aw

f u ndam ental hu m an r i g ht s

wo r ks.

enfo rceabl e in the co ur t s o f

Adressing root causes

i nte r nati ona l s ystem.

N o t ju s t a pply i ng b a nd - ai ds bu t dealin g w i t h the root c auses.

The se are ju s t so me o f t he i ni ti ati ves p lay a n i mpor ta nt ro le in t h i s proce s s.

al l co u ntr ies. B y K ir k B oyd 4 0 issue 3 7

S I N FOC U S

SECTION NAME TEENAGE MAGAZINE

P R O M OTIN G POSITIV E CHA N G E Th e G loba l Campaign o n M il-

Th e U N C har ter begins o n the

i t a r y Spe ndi ng (GCOMS) is

p ro mis ing o pening wo rds : “ We

a n i nte r nati onal campaign

t h e pe o pl es.” However, o ne

fo u n d e d i n D e cemb er 2014

will seek in vain fo r any c l au s e

a nd prom ote d by t h e I nter-

in t h e do c u m ent that s pec i-

nat i o nal Pe a ce B ureau led by

f ies a m eans by w hic h o rdi-

Co l i n Arc he r

n ar y peo pl e c an pl ay a ro l e in decisio n-m ak ing.

Th e m ai n a i m i s to reduce

Fo r m o r e : information

t he g lobal m i li tar y sp en d-

Th e Cam paign fo r a United

i n g thanks to th e co o pera-

Nat io n s Par l iam entar y As s em -

t i ve wor ks ma d e by t h e o rgan -

b ly is a g l o bal net wo r k o f par-

E R ADIC AT ING

i sat i ons of c i v i l so ciet y. Now-

liamentar ians, no n- g over n-

E COC IDE

a d ays, more the 100 o rga-

ment al o rg anizatio ns, s c ho l -

http: //eradi c at i n g e -

ni z ati ons from 3 5 dif fer-

ars, and dedic ated c itizens

co c ide. co m / UN IT E FOR R I G H TS http: //w w w. un i te fo rr ig hts. o rg / G COM S C AM PA I G N http: //dem il i t a r i ze. o rg / UN PA C AM PA I G N http: //

e nt n ati ons have jo in ed t h e

t h at advo c ates dem o c ratic

en. u npac amp a i gn .

c a mpai gn.

rep res entatio n o f the wo r l d' s

o rg /

cit izen s at the United N atio ns.

Th e G CO MS i s r un by a steer-

A U n ited N atio ns Par l iam en-

i n g grou p of a c t ivist s f ro m

t ar y As s em bl y, UN PA , fo r the

a ll ove r wor ld, an d is co o rdi-

f irst t im e wo u l d give el ec ted

nate d by the Center o f Peace

cit izen repres entatives, a

St u d i e s J.M .D e làs in B arcelo n a

direc t a ro l e in g l o bal po l ic y.

Fo un ded by Andreas B u m m el

issue 3 7 4 1

EARTH FOCUS RETHINK IT ALL

N e w R o o t s Co o perati ve Fa r m S u s t ai n ab l e Fa r m ing a nd E mpower m ent o f N ew Am er ic a n s in M ai ne

by Anne Ehr inghaus M a i n e, A State tuck ed in t h e Far No r t h eas t Co r ner o f the US , is the w hites t (in ter m s o f R a ce ) , t he o lde s t a nd on e o f t h e p o o rest st ates in the natio n. M o s t H ig h s c ho o l and Univer si t y G ra d uate s le ave the s tate to f in d jo bs an d mak e m o ney el s ew here, c au s ing a m u c h c ited “ b ra i n d ra i n ,� a la c k of muc h needed ent repren eur ial s pir it. Traditio nal l y a s tate that bu il t its eco n o my o n n atu ra l re s ou rce s, it st ruggles n ow wit h a l ac k o f m anpower to wo r k the f ar m l and that u s e d to s us t a i n the pe ople o f M ain e.

M a i n e a ls o has a growin g po p ulat io n o f S o m al is w ho f l ed their war to r n co u ntr y. The y b r i n g e t h n i c and re li gio us diversit y to t h e State and co ntr ibu te l arg el y by s tar ting their ow n b us i ne ss e s. The y fol low a n at io nwide t ren d o f im m igrants w ho are m o re than t w ice as l ike l y to s t a r t a b us i ne s s a s th e Nat ive -bo r n (n ewame r ic aneco no my. o rg ). M any S o m al ians, am o ng s t t h e m a s i gni fi c ant nu mber o f wo men , used to be f ar m er s in their ho m e co u ntr y, and s o s o me i n i t i a t i ve s we re c re ated to h elp S o malian s f ar m l and and co ntr ibu te to co m m u nities by grow i n g veg etable s.

Th es e i ni ti ati ve s are sust ain able o n ma ny dif ferent l evel s and have been ver y s u ccess f ul. Th e y co ntr i bute c ulturally, because t h ey h el p S o m al ians u s e their s k il l s and thu s, hel p the m to g a i n co nfi d e nce i n their n ew h o me by build ing o n to exis ting traditio ns. They al s o s u ppor t Co m m uni t y outre ac h an d b uild br idges b et ween im m igrants and o ther co m m u nit y m em ber s.

4 2 issue 3 7

RETHINK IT ALL

EARTH FOCUS

Pro gra m s li ke the New R o o t s Co - o p Far m al s o m ak e s ens e eco no m ic al l y, bec au s e the y s up p o r t s e l f-re li a nce a nd in dep en den ce. Th ey streng then the eco no my by grow ing and s el l in g p ro d uce lo ca lly. As a re s ult, t h e pro duce is f resh er, m o re nu tr itio u s and the Car bo n fo o tpr int i s l a rg e l y re d uce d by s hor t ways o f t ran spo r t at ion. And – l as t, bu t no t l eas t – the f ar m l and is p re s e r ve d a nd c a n conti nue to sust ain all peo p le o f M aine.

What are t h e im p l ic at io ns o f t his exa m pl e in a gl o ba l co ntex t?

D i ffere nce i s goo d. To embrace an d b e o pen to it m eans to al l ow c hang e fo r the bette r. To c h a n ge the atti t ude abo ut “ t h e o t h er ” mu s t s tar t w ith tho s e w ho are in the m aj o r it y, t h o s e who are te m pte d by xen o p h o b ia, t h o se w ho are in power. When m igratio n is accepte d a s p a r t of the human ex isten ce, we can m ove beyo nd bo u ndar ies and c an c reate tr u l y sus t a i n a b l e a nd e mpower in g co mmun it ies, who benef it ever yo ne. I m m igratio n c an be a gre at fo rce to b r i ng pe ople to get h er if we give it a c hance. I t br ing s needed res o u rces and s k il l s a n d p ro v i d e oppor tuni ties fo r po sit ive an d co ns tr u c tive grow th. To c apital ize o n thes e s k il l s, t h e re ne ee d to be re s ource an d sk ills-b ased im m igratio n po l ic ies in pl ace. B efo re we as k a b o ut t h e co u ntr y of or i gin , we sh o uld ask an d screen the s pec if ic s k il l s w hic h are bro u g ht to t h e n e w co u ntr y.

Th e ne w R oots Co o perat ive Far m is a succes s s to r y o f a s m ar t pro gram im pl em entati o n t h at co nne c ts wth a l l st akeh o lders: Th e co m m u nit y, The S o m al ian f ar m er s, the ferderal, st ate a n d lo ca l a ge mc i e s. M o re o f t h ese mult ip ro ng ed co l l abo ratio ns s ho u l d be c reated and en co ura g e d o n a loc al, nati on al an d glo bal level. Su ppo r t, l ed by m u l tic u l tu ral Staf f - s ho u l d be o n s i te to a d d re s s i s s ue s w h en t h ey ar ise an d n o t w hen it is to o l ate.

I n co nc lus i on, th e f irst step is t h at we need to l ear n m o re abo u t eac h o ther and eac h o t h e r ’s c ultu re i ns tead o f jump in g to co n c l u s io ns and as s u m ptio ns. as tem pting as it m ay b e. I t i s e ss e nti a l to u nderst an d as much as po ss ibl e abo u t the c u l tu ral bac k gro u nd o f o u r s e l ve s a n d “ t h e othe r.” That mean s we n eed to beco m e c u l tu ral l y intel l ig ent and inc reas e aware n e s s. I f we em ploy a posit iove at t it ude toward s “ the o ther,” we c an m ove beyo nd bo u ndar ies a n d s e e t he o ppor tuni ti es an d t h e r ich n ess t h at diver s it y br ing s. Who s ays that “ handl ing the re f ug ee c r i s i s” has to be a p an ic reac t io n as it s o o f ten is ? What prevents the receiv ing co unt r i e s a s s e e i ng i t a s a great gif t ? Wit h a po sitive m inds et, im m igratio n c an hel p s o c ieties to b e co m e m o re pros pe rous, mo re vivid, mo re alive and m o re s u s tainabl e. I t c an be a pro ac tive p ro ce s s i n w hi c h countr ies evaluate t h eir n eeded s k il l s and then rec r u it m atc hing im m igrant s o r t ra i n t he m accordi ng ly. I t cer t ain ly en r ich es M aine and m any o ther par ts in this wo r l d. I m m i grat i o n d o n e r i ght wi ll create a mo re peacef ul and s afer wo r l d. Let ’s no t f ig ht it. Let ’s em bra ce i t.

issue 3 7 4 3

EARTH FOCUS RETHINK IT ALL

The H u m a n R ig hts D i v i de Whi le i n 1948, wit h t h e ado pt io n o f t h e Univer s al D ec l aratio n o f Hu m an R ig hts there wa s ove rwhe lm i ng s uppo r t fo r t h e h o list ic idea that hu m an r ig hts were u niver s al and interd e p e n d e nt.

Unfor tu nate ly, t h e declarat io n co uld n o t be invo k ed by indiv idu al s befo re a co u r t of l aw.

Th i s m e a nt that t h ere was n o way to k eep co u ntr ies co m m ited to tho s e pr inc ipl es. No t h i n g co u ld be d one unt il a n ew do cument was agreed to, no t j u s t a dec l aratio n bu t a cove n a nt, c a r r y i ng le ga l weight.

H owe ve r, by the t ime t h e f irst coven ants were agreed to in 19 66 , the wo r l d was at t h e h e i g ht o f t he Cold Wa r. East vs West so to speak , w hic h was ref l ec ted in the f iel d o f Hu m an R i g ht s a s we l l. he n ce t wo s e parate Coven ant s were ado pted:

Th e Uni te d States an d it s allies

The S ov iet Unio n and it' s al l ies bac k e d a

p r i or i ti s e d a s et o f r ight s t h at

dif ferent appro ac h, ref l ec ted in:

re su lte d i n:

Th e I nte r n atio na l Covena nt on Ci v i l an d Po l it ic a l R ig hts

" Th e I nter n atio n a l Coven a nt on Eco n o m ic, S o c ia l a n d Cul tural R ights "

Th es e foc us e d o n issues such as

w hic h bro u g ht fo r ward a dif ferent s e t o f

" Free d om of Ex p ressio n" o r " t h e

r ig hts no t inc l u ded in the Wes ter n b a c k e d

p ro hi bi ti on of ar b it rar y ar rest ".

do c u m ent.

O r the r i ght to h o ld p eacef ul

Thes e inc l u ded the r ig ht to s hel ter, fo o d,

p ro te s ts to de man d acco ut abilit y

heal thc are, em pl oy m ent and edu c at i o n .

fro m gove r nm ent o f f icials.

Arg u abl y, j u s t as im po r tant.

4 4 issue 3 7

by Martin An d r ys e k

RETHINK IT ALL

Th e Cur re nt H uma n R i g hts Sys te m

EARTH FOCUS

O ver tim e, additio n a l t re at i e s we re added s u c h as the co nve nt i o n ag ains t to r tu re, the co nve nt i o n o n the r ig hts o f the c h i l d, a n d m a ny o ther s, eac h w ith th e i r ow n co m m ittees and pro ce d ure s.

The w ho l e s etu p is rat h e r co m p l ex , however, the initial d i vi s i o n s t i l l rais es q u es tio ns w h e t h e r a s t re a m l ining is in o rder to m a k e i t m o re acces ibl e to the ave ra g e p e r s o n .

Po s s ibl y by co nden s i n g e ve r yt h i n g into a s ing l e new do c um e nt o r " s u per treat y ".

EARTH FOCUS FOUN D AT I O N U P D AT E S sustainabus project update : Pro gre s s conti nu es o n t h e Sust ain ab u s p roje c t. A m ob ile ex h ib it io n sh owc a si n g pr i nc i ple s o f sust ain ab ilit y. Curre nt l y d e tai le d plan s are b ein g drawn up fo r t h e var i ous i nter io r ex h ibit io n s. Nex t t he i ns ta llati on pro cess will begin . M o st re ce nt ly, the pe r macult ure ex h ib it h as b ee n de fi ne d. Fi nd o ut mo re: Su s t a i na bus.org

issue 3 7 4 5

RETHINK IT ALL

EARTH FOCUS

Yo ur Ad H e re

Ea r t h Foc us Found at ion, 53, r ue Anc ienne, 12 2 7 Ca rouge, Swit zer land Fo r more infor m at ion see: w w w. ear t hfoc usfou n dat i o n .o rg