Eda Begum Birol_CompDesign

COMPUTATIONAL DESIGN PORTFOLIO

EDA BEGUM BIROL

CONTENTS

AGRIVOLTAIC PAVILION

Web Introduction

ArchDaily Feature

ALGAEPONICS

Please click on the project image to travel to the relevant portfolio page. Please click on hyperlinks below project image to review published and media material not included in this portfolio

POLYBRICK 2.0

Research Paper

4

a+u Media Feature Scholarship Award Competition Award

ROBOTIC WOOD ARCHITECTURES

PRINTING THE POLYBRICK WALL

MSc. Thesis Research Paper

5

Research Paper 1

2 8

EMBEDDED

PRINTING OF THIN WALLED GEOMETRIES

BRAIN ROOM

3

6 7

CERA II for POLYBRICK

Research Paper 1

Competition Award

Research Paper (in Review)

Contributions: Iterative pavilion design process (in team), PV panel layout (in team), PV panel clustering (with Yao Lu), PV panel wiring scheme, algorithmic generation of nodes, construction drawings, architectural drawings

Sustainable Architecture and Aesthetics :

Agrivoltaic Pavilion

Advisor : Jenny Sabin

Team : Alex Kyaw, Jeremy Bilotti, Yao Lu, Omar Dairi

Sustainable Architecture and Aesthetics is a collaborative project between the DEfECT Lab at Arizona State University and the Sabin Lab, conducted under an NSF grant. SAA innovates the design and engineering of building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) through parametric design workflows. Learning from the biological adaptations including heliotropic mechanisms in sunflowers and light-scattering structures in Lithops plants, we investigate impact of geometry and PV placement configurations on energy efficiency. We hypothesize that a parametric design process that utilizes environmental solar data would lead to significant increase of energy conversion efficiency for each panel while also maintaining a seamless integration of the solar system into the design product. The final proposal omits 50% additional structural metal and 30% copper cable per module which decreases carbon intensity by 15%. The pavilion thus demonstrates the first adaptable system with extremely low green house gas emissions, showcasing the potential of sustainable design for a resilient land use model to provide an integrated approach to food, energy, and water.

i.Agrivoltaic Pavilion Renders

iii.Agrivoltaic Pavilion Material Components

ii.Agrivoltaic Pavilion Top View Render Panel Prototype Top

Panel Prototype Side View

Dichroic Layer

Single PV Unit

iv.Top Node

v.Middle Node

vi.Bottom Node

vii.PV Cell

viii.HDPE

Structural Layer with Dichroic Film

Algaeponics: Algae Forest

Advisor : Rychiee Espinosa

Team : Jae Ho Park, Yuxin Chen, Magdelen Zink, Geena Kribs, Yimeng Zhu, Yueja Yang

Algaeponics: Algae Forest explores the coexistence of living systems, particularly algae, and the built environment. We design an installation that centers the cultivation of spirulina within the installation design.

The installation showcases how algae can be cultivated within building systems and integrated into the design practice. As such, algae farming can be imagined as a less space and resource intensive practice and simply a part of the urban life an environment. We design a “bamboo forest” that in its current form functions as an immersive spatial experience while inspiring possible uses such as a shading and curtain system, space separator or wall. Each tube is connected via 3D printed custom joints to a water pump allowing for the circulation of nutrients and fresh water within the system, keeping the algae alive.

Contribution: Conceptual design (in team) and all included and exhibited concept sketches, water circulation design (in team), installation (in team), construction drawings.

i.Installation Zoom In

ii.Installation Exploded Axon

iv.Water Circulation Assembly

The Brain Pavilion, Otherworld Philly

As a computational designer, I designed the brain room for Otherworld Philly’s special exhibition. The parametric design process consisted of algorithm development to generate a mycelium inspired growth pattern (Figure i). The design takes fabrication considerations and light design into consideration to create an immersive experience. The algorithm generates the mycelium growth pattern with the input of a singular node of growth location. Vibrant hyphae with varying thickness emerge out of this growth node. As such, the room is an immersive space that plays with movement, light, transparency, and sound.

i.Matrix of Algorithm Development for Geometry Generation

ii.Algorithm Generation and Concept Models

iii.Digital Models

PolyBrick 2.0

BioIntegrative Load Bearing Structures

Advisor : Jenny Sabin

Team : Yao Lu, Colby Jackson

Polybrick 2.0 investigates principals of mechanical load bearing in nature, particularly in the bone, to rethink design approaches to efficient structural design. This project takes place in 3 parts. The first part consists of a interpretive algorithmic development to generate bone inspired brick modules. This is followed by a proposal for architectural application, and development of fabrication technologies for the architectural scale manufacturing of designed modules.

For part 1 we develop a workflow for algorithmic interpretation of the load bearing models found in the trabecular bone structure. The algorithm utilizes a stress tensor field based iterative ellipsoid packing algorithm for lattice generation (Figure ii-iii). Initial prototyping is realized through available ceramic additive manufacturing technologies -- at this stage with Formlab’s experimental photo-reactive ceramic resin (Figure iv.) .

Contributions: Biointegrative research and interpretive algorithm strategy. Fabrication of PolyBrick lattices including digital geometry generation, printing, and post processing. CT Scan and analysis. Uniaxial compressive testing and result analysis. Final tensor based ellipsoid packing is primarily developed by teammate Yao Lu.

Bio-Inspiration:Trabecular Bone

i.Model of Trabecular bone

ii.Algorithmic Process

iii.Geometry Generation

v.Early Prototypes for Structural Analysis

vi.Surface Close Ups (Top) and CT Scan Slices (Bottom)

Stress Tensor Field

Lattice Generation

Lattice Thickening

iv.Fabrication Process via Formlabs Form 2

Section Cut View

PolyBrick

2.0 via the Clay Extruding Robotic Arm “CERA”

Advisor : Jenny Sabin

Team : Teng Teng, Mahshid Moghadasi, Alexia Asgari, Karolina Piorko

In continuing the PolyBrick 2.0 project, we shift focus from algorithmic processes of load responsive lattice generation for materially efficient and high performance structural module generation to tackle questions of architectural scale and sustainable fabrication thereof. Extrusion based AM is central in fabricating complex digital forms and enabling mass customization. However conventional extrusion based methods such as the Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) of thermoplastics -- most commonly PLA -- don’t exhibit the necessary range of scale or breadth of material for application in architectural construction. With a central aim to revitalize sustainable architectural materials such as ceramic in construction and in the larger scale manufacturing of PolyBrick modules, we develop a clay extruder (Figure i) and end effector to be attached to our in house 6-axis robotic arm ABB 4600 (Figure ii). Various extrusion tests (Table iii) are conducted to calibrate material and speed parameters. The clay extruding robotic arm “CERA” is utilized for the fabrication of PolyBrick lattices (Figure v).

Contributions: Mechanical part design and fabrication for CERA II including the piston, auger case, robot attachment.

All PolyBrick toolpathing, material preparation, mesh and toolpathing algorithm developments shown on the next 2 spreads are produced by me. Motor installation and wiring was conducted primarily by Teng Teng and Kevin Guo

Auger Motor

CERA II

Motor Speed = 2

Auger Speed = 10

vmotor:vauger = 1:5

Motor Speed = 3

Auger Speed = 15

vmotor:vauger = 1:5

High Bead Fidelity

iii.Speed Calibration Test for

ii.CERA II Full Assembly

i.CERA II Extruder

iv.PolyBrick Prototype Section to be Printed with

PolyBrick

Printing the “PolyBrick Wall” : Mesh Manipulations

Advisor : Jenny Sabin, Prof. Christopher Hernandez

Secondary Instructor: Pan Michalatos

MSc. MDC Thesis

While CERA II presents a promising set up for the clay extrusion based additive manufacturing of clay, the porous lattice geometries are prone to print failures without the extrusion of a secondary support structure. In order to overcome this, we establish a third algorithmic process of printability analysis, followed by mesh adaptation to increase printability. This algorithm is specific to the fabrication technology utilized and based on observational data regarding print success.

“The printability analysis plug-in works by looping through each mesh face of the geometry and assigns a printability factor and a representative coloration to it. The printability factor is dependent on the angle of the mesh face normal and location of mesh vertices in relation to the print-bed. Thus within the employment of this analysis algorithm, observational data regarding the highest achievable incidence angle from the print bed, and highest achievable bridging distance must be taken into account.” [1]

Following the mesh analysis areas of the geometry with high likelihood of print failure are “enhanced”. “In order to increase local bridge support proximity and bridge curvature angle, the vertices that span between the central area (red) of the bridge and its respective node/ branch are moved in a manner that is inversely proportional to the z-axis component of the unit normal vector. The mesh face is then remade according to the new vertices. Thus, vertices of their concentric supporting areas are moved along their normal direction and bridge supports are enhanced and the curvature angle of the bridges are increased. n = mesh.Normals

New Vertex = Old Vertex + n * (offset distance * ( 1 - n.Z)” [1]

Mesh Prinatability Analysis

i.Illustrative Zoom In: Brick Module Mesh

ii.Illustrative Zoom In: Brick Module Mesh

iii.Mesh Adaptation for Increased Fabrication Success

iv.Results: Bridge Success Results with and Without Mesh Adaptation

vi.PolyBrick Module: Mesh Printability Analysis Followed by Mesh Adaptation

vii.PolyBrick Module Print Results

v.Illustrative Section of Part to Print

viii.PolyBrick Module Print Results

ix.PolyBrick : Full Brick Module Prints and Assembly

[1]Birol, E. B., C. J. Hernandez, and J. E. Sabin. “PolyBrick 2.0: Design and fabrication of load responsive structural lattices for clay additive manufacturing.” Structures and Architecture A Viable Urban Perspective?. CRC Press, 2022. 83-90.

Printing the “PolyBrick Wall” : Toolpath Sorting

Advisor : Jenny Sabin, Prof. Christopher Hernandez

Secondary Instructor: Pan Michalatos MSc. MDC Thesis

“In the slicing of PolyBrick lattices, as well as various other lattice typologies, one can observe several trends. Firstly, all layer contours can be understood to belong to one of two categories: strut (1) or bridge (2). A strut contour is a contour that is supported by a single contour below. A bridge contour is a contour with 2 or more supporting contours underneath. A PolyBrick lattice contains both types of contours. As opposed to printing all contours within a layer in arbitrary order, printing all contours of a strut across multiple layers is proposed to decrease unnecessary travel distances, decrease print time, and enhance geometry fidelity. For the algorithmic implementation of this, a recursive logic of contour sorting is established. If a contour has more than one curve exactly below it (determined by a layer height-informed proximity analysis), it is considered a bridge contour supported by 2 or more supporting contours. The sorting algorithm is initiated by adding the first contour of layer one to a sorted list. Then each contour above it is consecutively added to the list until a bridge contour is reached. If not all supporting strut contours have been printed, remaining support struts are identified and added to the sorted list, prior to the bridge contour. The recursive sorting is ended when all contour curves of a geometry have been added into a sorted list (Figure i). Digital model simulations are employed to identify potential collisions between the nozzle and printed portions of the geometry, and travel paths between struts are adjusted accordingly.

If

Sort each curve based on layer and countour number. Layer number indicates the order in the z plane, and contour number indicates the order in the xy plane

Identify quantity of curves directly below every curve. Categorize into strut or bridge curve based on quantity of curves below. Start at layer 0 and add strut curves to sorted list until a bridge curve is reached

When a bridge curve is reached, check sorted list for all supports below

Add each contour of every supporting strut to the sorted list

Add bridge curve to the sorted list

= 1 curve below

Strut Curve

“Bridge” Curve

>1 curve below

i.Toolpath Sorting Algorithmic Logic

view

view

iii.Print Result Comparison between Conventional

ii.Geometry Aware Toolpathing Sequence

i.Chain Saw End Effector Design

Robotic Wood Architectures

Advisor : Sasa Zivkovic

Design Partner : Magdalena Zink

Wood is both an age old craft and a sustainable building material. Unlike other common construction materials, timber is both renewable and recyclable, and unlike other common construction materials such as concrete, emits relatively low levels of Carbon during its processing. However the mass production of standardized wood modules (2x4 beams etc.) leads to large quantities of timber waster. With this project, we propose that innovative construction technologies such extensive utilization of a 6-axis robotic arm in timber module processing can decrease processing waste and expand use cases of timber modules. The evolution of the timber module suitable for construction can play a significant role in the next generation of low waste high efficiency construction. We propose ways of working with minimally processed wood as a construction material. We utilize the 6 axis motion of the KUKA robotic arm and a mill end effector attachment (Figure i) to carve a patterning for a unique log to log joinery system (Figure ii,iii,v, vi). Rope is utilized as the secondary material system for both structural and space making purposes (Figure ii, vii).

Contributions to Robotic Set Up:

“Print bed” design and manufacturing to stabilize logs during processing, construction drawings of the overall robot and printbed system. Note that the set up was assembled as the whole studio group of 10+ people.

Design Contribution: Design of joint system, toolpath design and planning, spatial design proposal.

i. Process Shot : Robotic Patterning of Unprocessed Logs for Spatial Assembly

iv. Study Models: Wood/Rope Joinery System

iii. Wood Joinery System

v. Carved Logs for Assembly

vi. Further Joint Details

vii. Spatial Design Proposal

iv. Toolpath Planning and Execution Diagram

xi.Installation

xii.Installation: Joint Details

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

1

LANDSCAPE AGENCY AND MATERIAL TRANSFORMATION Web Feature

WIND EAVES PAVILION

2 45

THERMAE CONTAINED GARDENS

3

GLENN CURTIS AVIATION MUSEUM

Hard Asphalt

Fresh Water

Water Plants

Sulfur Water

Sulfur Plants

i.Image Analysis of Landscape Elements in the Current Pitch Lake Landscape

Liquid Pitch & Solid Pitch

ii.Overlaid representation of the material make-up of the Pitch Lake landscape over time. The overlaid graphs represents the percent make up of the landscape element (flora, hard asphalt, sulgure water, liquid pitch, hardened pitch, fresh water) within the overall area of the pitch lake. Significant seasonal and yearly differences are observed and plotted.

iii.Juxtaposed representations of the landscape and all its elements in 08/20185 in proportional comparison (top) and fluctuations of each individual element over the course of 2015 (bottom)

Wind Eaves PavilionKKAA

Instructor : Mark Cruvellier

Partner : Ihwa Choi

This project constitutes a structurally accurate reconstruction of Kengo Kuma’s Wind Eaves Pavilion. The original design is made up of 17 arches that contain 17-18 unique timber beams. Each beam is fitted to its neighboring beams through an angled notch and a two pin connection. To replicate this notch, we laser cut 3 Jigs for each arch, fit the wooded beams into the jig, and create the notch by pushing the jigs through the table saw (Figure ii, 1st image). We fit each the notched beams to neighboring beams and secure the joint via two pins. We construct each arch first, and fit the vertical beams to connect the arches to each other.

The log base is a conceptual design decision to imply continuity of the pavilion design with the Cypress forest surrounding it. We replicate the stepped concrete foundation via rockite casting. We CNC the raw wood base and fit the rockite foundation into the impression.

Contribution: All aspects of this project including jig preparation, digital design and assembly were done in partnership with Ihwa Choi. Both partners contributed equally to all aspects of making.

i.Final Model Documentation

iii.Final Model Axonometric Photograph

ii.Process Shots

Glenn Curtis Aviation Museum

Instructor : Ryan Ludwig

The Glenn Curtis aviation museum is a space of exhibition of transportation artifacts including planes, motors, motorcycles and bicycles currently hosted In Hammondsport, NY. This project aims to integrate the building structural system with the curation of the contained artifacts and uniquely intertwine structural and spatial functionality.

An open exhibition space is created by a primary grid shell structure. An ETFE exterior envelope stabilized by a secondary structure attaching to grid shell. Combined, these two structures for enclosure not only achieve an open interior space for viewing the artifacts, but also pockets in the ceiling plane to contain the artifacts in a way that is integrated into the design and structure of the space. Furthermore, the ETFE panels regulate sunlight, the grid shell system creates a support for the hanged display of the artifacts.

ii.Construction Detail (Section)

iii.Construction Detail (Plan)

Secondary Envelope Structure

ETFE Panel

The movement of the ground plane -- a concrete shell mimicking the enclosure above-- uniquely involves the gorund plane as a means of space and program making. Even without vertical “walls” users are able to experience different levels of enclosure and privacy as they move throught the museum.

iv.Construction Detail (Section)

Concrete Shell

Grid Shell

i.Final Model Documentation

v.Cross Sectional Drawing

vi.Sketches

Thermae

Instructor : George Hascup

Thermae thinks through ritual of bathing and more broady the architecture of a “bathhouse” through ancient Rome to now. A space for communal ritual, the Roman Bath House was a central urban site for gathering. This project aims to intertwine various layers contained within the act of bathing: community, heath, solitude, leisure. In doing so the proposal uses the site as an opportunity to create a series of experiences with layers of public and private space and engage with the neighboring historical bath complex in unique ways. Most of the program is allocated as a public park and public pools, while smaller private pockets are created through material opacities within the bathhouse. Multiple water channels and bridges that cut across the design here create a play of waterfalls and movement of people and create a lively frame to the baths, offering an historical imaginary. Outdoor and public areas of swimming offer views not only to the baths of Caracalla but to the program’s public park. With this the project takes a critical stance against the common contemporary image of the bath house as an inaccessible and vastly solitary space.

Contained Gardens

Instructor : Jim Williamson, Loreina del Rio

The design process of the project started with documenting and analyzing two precedents: the vernacular “Shotgun House” and SANAA”s Moriyama House In Tokyo,Japan. The shotgun house’s circulation and the Moriyama House’s arrangement of public and private spaces with strategic placement of fenestration and vertical displacements informed a hybrid design process. The project site is located in the midst of a cliff leading to a water landscape. Inhabitants can enter the space using a geographically embedded staircase through the cliff. The primary circulation is drawn out from the cliff, extending to and cantilevering from the gradually sloping landscape. A network of walkways weave and create a canopy of secondary circulation. The canopy enables an alternative way of engaging with the space. While inhabiting the primary circulation, the views are focused toward the landscape of water across from the program. However the canopy offers views to the whole site and the scattered courtyards. The design proposal showcases various levels of program hierarchy and contains a juxtaposition of ways of occupying space and interacting with the landscape.

i.Final Design Render

i.Concept

ii.Exploded Axonometric Drawing

ii.Plan, Sections, Site Plan