EDGE DAVAO Serving a seamless society
77th ARAW NG DAVAO SUPPLEMENT
OLD CITY HALL. This is the old Commandancia in San Pedro Street where the Provincial Commander holds office. Note the vintage cars and the flags of the United States and the Philippines.
THROWBACK The Davao of old and the legacy of Captain Domingo Leonor By NEILWIN JOSEPH L. BRAVO njb@edgedavao.net
ALL PHOTOS COURTESY OF MR. FRANCISCO LEONOR, SR.. Davao City’s policemen, not as ballyhooed as their counterparts in Manila, are a gallant lot. Silently doing their job as law enforcers under whosever command they may be at a given time. Of late, Davao’s cops have slowly but surely progressed in their reputation as fine men and women not only in carrying out police functions but more significantly, taking extra steps towards community service. If our local police are a class in themselves, ask every man and woman in blue uniform the moving inspiration of a man whose name is etched not only within the corners of their fenced barracks, but in their hearts and minds as well. At one corner of Camp Domingo Leonor, the official name of the Davao City Police headquarters, stands a monument of a brave young soldier who owns the rare distinction of being the first ever home-grown Provincial Commander of Davao during the American occupation of the Philippines from
1927-1931. Captain Domingo Leonor’s story is as colorful as his military exploits. Captain Domingo E. Leonor was the son of Francisco and former Miss Encarnado of Taal, Batangas. He was born to a poor family in August 2, 1885. As a young boy, Domingo was forced to seek employment as sacristan in the ancient Taal Cathedral at the age of 10, earning a measly seven pesos a year from the church. He has been always enchanted with the military khaki uniform—a burning passion
that he carried inside him as he silently vowed to one day become a soldier himself. At 15 years old, Domingo left the church with his meager savings to enlist in the Philippine Constabulary in 1900. Standing five-foot-six and athletically-built, he was taken as a bugler of Company “B” Expeditionary Battalion under Captain Ralph W. Jones and was immediately sent to train in St. Louis, Louisiana in the United States. Although there are no records retrieved from his files of his stint
FTHROWBACK, 2
AN OFFICER AND A GENTLEMAN. Captain Domingo Leonor.
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THE OLD MILITARY BARRACKS. This is the old Constabulary headquarters , now the Davao City Police Office’s home which was named after Captain Domingo Leonor.
THROWBACKFFROM 1
Captain Leonor with two native warriors.
The military officers.
in the US, young Domingo was believed to have taken part in the US Cuban campaign where a lot of Filipinos died. He first arrived as a soldier ranked private in Davao in 1902. He got his first promotion as a private first class on July 19, 1904 and was stationed in Fort Cavite where he earned commendations for his role in battling insurrection in San Francisco de Malabon. In November 5, 1905 he was again promoted to first sergeant and was assigned to the District of Mindanao--this is how Mindanao and eventually, Davao, became Domingo’s new home. Domingo’s date with history came when he and three of his men killed the most notorious Moro bandit leader of his time named Jikiri in an encounter with Muslim rebels at Tung Talon, Bilaton, Sulu. For this, he was elevated to Sergeant Major in July 20, 1909. Despite his heroics in Mindanao, Domingo dreamed beyond the fields of battles. Despite limited education, he practically climbed his way up the ranks of commission in the Philippine Constabulary. His English was said to be grossly erratic but it was not his tongue but his attitude that catapulted him to a clerical position where he honed his language proficiency. After his field tour of Mindanao, he returned to Luzon and worked under the staff of Lt. Col. John Gallant, senior inspector general of the Philippine Constabulary in July 20, 1912. He entered the Philippine Constabulary Academy (now the Philippine Military Academy) in 1914. He struggled
Captain Leonor receives visiting American military officials.
in English and Mathematics and even went to the extent of requesting for a special class in those subjects in order to keep himself in the Academy. At that time of the American occupation where proficiency of the English language is a requirement for being commissioned, it was almost impossible to get a special class needing at least an act of Congress. Somehow, Domingo plodded on and hurdled the Academy where he received his diploma on February 29, 1915. Now a 3rd Lieutenant, Domingo was assigned to Davao under 1Lt Walter E. Guthrie. 3rd Lt. Leonor scraped through the coastline of Davao Gulf on foot leading a patrol of seven men, mostly Americans, in a pacification drive that run through as far as Davao Oriental and Davao del Norte. His pacification drive paid off well gaining the support of the natives of Davao’s southeastern area with his civic projects earning for him the appointment as Governor of the Monkayo and Saug (Gov. Generoso) District which actually comprised the entire Davao del Norte and half of Davao Oriental under the old Davao province. With an honorarium of P600 a year, his appointment was signed by Eulalio Causing, first provincial governor of Davao province and attested by Ponciano Reyes (in whose honor the Ponciano Reyes Street of today was named after), acting Department Governor. He assumed Provincial Commander of Agusan in June 20, 1918 up to January 18, 1926. It was during that stint where
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DATU BAGO AWARDEE AS ACTIVIST TEACHER
PareandPecto the ‘3 Musketeers’ By ANTONIO M. AJERO
A
ajero_antonio@yahoo.com
N episode in the life of Dr. Perfecto A. Alibin, president of the University of Southeastern Philippines (USeP) who is one of this year’s two recipients of the prestigious Datu Bago Award, may be likened to the story of the Three Musketeers, a classic novel written by Alexandre Dumas about the adventure and misadventures of four, not just three, outstanding swordsmen in 17th Century France.
4 activist teachers I don’t know who Pare Pecto was in the Three Musketeers, though -whether he was Porthos, Athos, Aramis, or D’Artagnan. What I know is that sometime in the eventful year of 1969 in Davao City, towards the end of the first term of the late Mayor Elias B. Lopez, there appeared in the Davao scene, four activist public school teachers, all known to me personally. They were Alibin, Bienvenido Cuizon, Jesus Basuil and Romeo C. Chan. Cuizon is the father of Fr. Paul Cuizon, parish priest of Sacred Heart Church in Barrio Obrero. Ben Cuizon is known to have introduced special education (SPED) to the Davao Region and might have been the first principal of the Davao SPED School in Bangkal. He retired sometime ago from the Department of Education as a ranking supervisor, if not assistant superintendent. Basuil, now also retired, was the director of the Bureau of Local Government, a bureau of the Depart-
ment of Interior and Local Government when Luis T. Santos, his mentor in politics, became DILG secretary during the term of President Corazon C. Aquino. Basuil’s latest stint in politics was as chairman of Barangay 11-B, from 2007 to 2009. Chan is now an active director of the Printing Association of Davao, Inc. (PIADI) cooperative as he had migrated from being a public school teacher, to government employee, news reporter to printing operator. He became deputy city treasurer and city press secretary during the martial law years under then mayor Santos. While writing a column in the Mindanao Times and corresponding to the Manila Bulletin, Pare Romy found time to operate a printing press, plant rubber, durian and other crops in Nabunturan, and ventured in bankrolling a small scale mining operation in the storied mountain of Diwata, alternately called Diwalwal, which was financial disaster.
All four—Alibin, Cuizon, Basuil and Chan—were teaching in different public schools in the city when the bug of activism, romanticized by the so-called First Quarter Storm in the nation’s capital, caught up with them. It was the year that Jose Ma. Sison organized the New People’s Army in Luzon and the period where there was a wild student rally – we called it “demonstration” then – almost daily in Manila. In that time of witchhunting, everybody seen participating in a rally ran the risk of being listed a subversive by the government’s spy organizations led by the dreaded National Intelligence Coordinating Agency (NICA). In Davao City, the four musketeers in the public school system, led teachers’ rallies almost weekly, disrupting classes in the process. All with the gift of gab, the four mentors attracted thousands of teachers who would bravely come in droves and listen to the four harangued them on the burning issues befacing
teachers and the checkered educational system then. Yes, to the consternation of the late Pedro Sanvicente, the superintendent of city schools then. Audience with Ferdie and Imelda In a rare pre-Martial Law visit to city then, President Marcos and his beautiful wife, Imelda, gave the four teachers an audience and listened to them rattle off a litany of complaints about what ails the country’s educational system, including the compulsory contributions, the teachers, with their starvation salary, were made to endure. The teachers’ rallies added to the chaos in the streets created by almost daily demonstrations by student activists. It was the time when the Kabatang Makabayan, Makibaka and other leftist student organizations were introduced to the local school campuses, to the discomfort of Mayor Lopez, a known political ally of Ferdinand E. Marcos, the sitting President who would later proclaim mar-
tial law and establish a dictatorship. Lopez had called the attention of Superintendent Sanvicente, his long-time friend and fellow Rotarian, to the embarrassment that the rallies were causing his administration and posthaste asked him to quell the teachers’ unrest. Romy Torres, the late diminutive media man, might have fanned the fire by headlining and editorializing the teachers rally in the weekly Mindanao Mirror where he was managing editor, following it up with interviews in the Roving Microphone nightly program at radio station DXMT of the Manila Times Broadcasting where he was the news director. Rallies change teachers’ lives One day, Sanvicente summoned the four “troublemakers” to City Hall to talk to them. According to Romy Chan, who was picked up by Col. Frank Pangilan, the police chief then, from the Jose Bastida Elementary School in Dumoy, Sanvicente shed genuine tears without saying a word in that meeting. Chan would not reveal what exactly happened in that meeting in the mayor’s office, beyond saying that the teachers’ rallies they led had changed completely the lives of the four musketeers. Fast forward to a month after, all became quiet in the teachers’ front. Chan was already writing press releases for the Division of City Schools and helping put out the Mt. Apo Bulletin, the award-winning publication of the Rotary Club of Davao, when Sanvicente headed the publication committee of the RC Davao or the “mother club.” Jess Basuil went back to teaching somewhere in Calinan. He later ran for councilor under the ticket of Santos who defeated Mayor Elias B. Lopez in 1971.
Cuison and Alibin were given scholarships in the University of the Philippines where they obtained their diplomas in graduate studies. Cuison mastered in special education and later introduced the concept to the schools system of the city. After his UP studies, Alibin rejoined Sanvicente who was by then promoted to regional director of the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports in Region 11. Alibin, a brilliant writer and editor of the college paper he graduated from, assisted in the preparation of the doctoral thesis of Sanvicente with Centro Escolar University as a student consultant. It was no surprise then that when Sanvicente became the first president of the USeP, he brought the highly qualified Alibin with him as secretary of the USeP Board of Regents. When Dr. Sanvicente became undersecretary of MECS, Alibin was however left behind to grow with the university. In USeP, he held the positions of teacher, researcher, director, consultant, dean of three colleges, and vice president before he was eventually named university president in 2007, which means that he has been USeP president for six years now. It was his achievements as president of the state university and his “contribution to the field of education (that) has placed Davao City in the map of the academic world.” Dr. Alibin “has raised the standard of education of USeP and for that he has received various awards here and abroad,” according to a statement of the Datu Bago Awards Organization through its chairman, Dr. Guillermo “Willie” P. Torres Jr. (When we were young, Pare Pecto and I stood as godfathers to the son of Romy Chan, one of the “three musketeers”.-AMA)
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77th ‘ARAW’:
‘Parada Dabawenyo’ today caps festivities By ARMANDO B. FENEQUITO JR. abf@edgedavao.net
O
VER 200 groups will join the ‘Parada Dabawenyo’ (civic parade) today, marking the highlight of the 77th Araw ng Davao celebration. Participants include private companies, schools, local government offices, national agencies, non-government organizations (NGOs), and other groups. The city has allocated P417,000 worth of prizes for winning contingents. Organizers had provided guidelines for the event to avoid delay or cause temporary stoppage in the flow of the parade. The city government will showcase its new ambulances and other modern pieces of apparatus used by Central 911. Senators Ramon ‘Bong’ Revilla Jr. and Allan Peter Cayetano will be in the parade to share in the celebration. Mayor Rodrigo R. Duterte directed government officials and employees to participate in the celebration because ‘Araw ng
Davao’ is the sovereign day of the city. The parade will start at 7:00 a.m. which will begin from Magsaysay Park to Magsaysay Avenue, turning left to C. M. Recto, then right to Bonifacio St. and turn left to Legaspi St., and on to San Pedro St. before exiting to Quimpo Boulevard. The Traffic Management Center (TMC) has implemented a zero parking policy on major roads of the city during on the streets of parade. TMC chief Rhodelio Poliquit asks spectators who have cars to park them far from the activity area so they would not be towed away. Poliquit said he already asked assistance from private towing companies to remove vehicles cars parked along the route of the parade. He said that no vehicles should be inside the activity area except police mobiles and ambulances for security purposes. President Benigno
FESTIVE. Elementary pupils are seen performing an ethic dance during “Sayawan sa Da’n” along San Pedro Street. Lean Daval Jr. Aquino III has declared March 17 as a special non-working holiday in the city in line with the celebra-
tion. Executive secretary Paquito N. Ochoa Jr. signed Proclamation No. 735 se-
ries of 2014 dated March 13 granting the request of the city government. It grants city residents
full opportunity to participate in the activities of this year’s celebration with appropriate ceremonies.’
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DATU BAGO AWARD CREATOR AWARDED
Elias, the real person By ANTONIO M. AJERO ajero_antonio@yahoo.com
T
HERE are only two Eliases I know in my 67 summers. The first Elias is the mysterious friend and ally of Crisostomo Ibarra, the leading protagonist in “Noli Me Tangere,” the first of two immortal novels of our national hero, Dr. Jose P. Rizal. “Noli” and its sequel, “El Filibusterismo” depicted the abuses of the Spanish colonizers and clergy in the Philippines. This Elias wants to revolutionize the country and free his countrymen from the abuses of the Spaniards and their collaborators. The second Elias I know, and quite intimately, is a real person, not a fictional character. He is a lot more remarkable and iconic than the Noli character. He is the late Elias B. Lopez, one of two recipients this year of the Datu Bago Award, the highest accolade the City of Davao bestows on persons whose life achievements had contributed immensely to the growth of the city. This Elias is the second elected mayor of Davao City, but the very first Davao City-born politician who held the position. He is a Bagobo native. (The second Davao City-born mayor is lawyer Sara Carpio (nee Duterte). Elias defeated Carmelo “Meloy” L. Porras, an engineer from Zambales, who had been city mayor for three successive terms. Elias frustrated Meloy’s bid to get elected for a fourth term. During the first election of Meloy in 1955, Elias was the topnotcher in the city council derby. He was No. 1 of the elected councilors, only 10 for the entire city then. The following election, wherein Meloy Porras was re-elected, Elias topped the race for councillor for the second time. On Meloy’s third term, Elias had become elected vice mayor and undisputed “rockstar” in Davao’s political firmament. In 1967, when Meloy ran for a fourth term –a term then lasted for four years-- Elias challenged him and handily won. It was an election wherein I had a personal stake. Having just turned 21 years old, it was the first time that I voted and I was an active member of one of the many youth groups that
worked for Elias during the campaign. Fact is the very first words that I uttered in radio was a short campaign speechin Cebuano rooting for him over DxDC, particularly in the program slot of the late movie a c to r - c o m m e n t a to r Bert Nombrado. I never thought then that I would one day become a broadcaster myself, handling 8 newscasts a day, managing a radio station for 10 years and becoming chapter chairman of the Kapisanan ng mga Broadcaster sa Pilipinas (KBP), much less make media work as a timelife calling. Elias was brilliant, multi-talented and definitely a visionary when one considers the legacies that he had left behind. For the record, he was the first Mindanaoan, a lumad at that, to become chairman of the University of the Philippines student council. His preoccupation with campus politics, however, cost him two of his other dreams that would give his family and Davao City more honors, that of becoming editor-in-chief of the Philippine Collegian, and topping the bar exams. He was said to be preparing for a graduate scholarship in the University of Michigan when he received a long distance call from the late Carlos Gempesaw offering him a slot in the council ticket of mayoral candidate Fermin Abella. When at first he declined, Nong Carling convinced him to just come home and talk about it with the group and go back to Manila if he decided against the idea. He was given a Manila-Davao-Manila roundtrip ticket for the purpose. The rest is po-
litical history. Fast forward to his first year ofbeing city mayor. To the observant, it was clear that from Day 1 of his mayoralty, Elias wanted to do some dramatic things that would drastically change the social, economic, political and cultural landscape of the city of his birth. He wanted Davao, then also the financial, educational and health capital of the region, to have its own identity. He established “Araw ng Dabaw,” as a yearly celebration of the founding of Davao as a chartered city. He asked music teacher Guillermo Anajao to compose a city anthem and requested School Supt. Pedro Sanvicente to write the lyrics for what is now “Tayo’y Dabawenyo.” He also instituted the Datu Bago Award, to give honor to Dabawenyos who have contributed to the progress of the city. To provide citizens of the city a recreation area where they can go and relax and be entertained with their families with the least expense. He did this by reclaiming the blighted shores of Sta. Ana and built the Magsaysay Park.To execute the plan and design of the park at minimal cost to the taxpayers, he marshalled the resources of the city’s close to a hundred disparate civic groups, professional associations and service organizations and assigned the plots to develop.The park was finished in no time at all, with everybody involved feeling a sense of ownership and self-satisfaction. Dabawenyos were likewise impressed with the flurry of infrastructure projects that Elias’ administration started.
To augment the meager budget of the city, the mayor would make frequent trips to Manila purposely to seek for allocations from senators, congressmen and cabinet members who happened to be his former schoolmates. Another good going for Lopez then was his closeness to President. Dabawenyos old enough in the late sixties remember that went out of his way to regularly inform the people of his administration by having a weekly program over television entitled “His Honor, the Mayor, ” similar but not the same with the “Gikansa Masa, Para sa Masa” program of Mayor Rodrigo Duterte now. He was once of the busiest mayors Dabawenyos had known. However, during the last years of his administration, his political rivals mounted a virulent propaganda campaign criticizing alleged lawlessness, unchecked rampant jueteng and other gambling activities and graft and corruption. The barrage of criticisms against the mayor’s deteriorating personal relationship with barangay leaders, including his own partymates and fellow natives found their mark, as incidents of him insulting barrio lieutenants (barangay captains now) and his alleged inaccessibility to the hoi polloi and even to media men went viral. Due to his hectic schedule and heavy workload, he would no longer attend socials like fiestas, coronation of barrio beauty queen, accepted invitations to baptism, weddings, and other events especially those
that would rob him of sleep. On top of this, he became easily irritated and quick at scolding people. Not a few former supporters became disappointed and slowly distanced from him. Nevertheless, his defeat to Luis T. Santos, who was his former chief of police, was generally regarded as an upset especially by Dabawenyos who had the impression that Lopez was the best mayor they ever had. (Ten years later, though, Lopez had his taste of sweet revenge when he defeated Santos in their return bout). He returned to City Hall in 1983. Unfortunately, his comeback was cut short by the Edsa People Power, when all incumbent local officials were replaced with OICs (officers-in-charge) by the revolutionary government of President Corazon C. Aquino. Elias considered this an injustice to him because he did nothing wrong to deserve the ouster. Indeed, it was worse, when one remembers that while he won in 1981 against Santos, he was prevented from assuming until 1983 due to machinations by the ruling Kilusang Bagong Lipunan (KBL). He told me he was bitter about the fact that not one Dabawenyo stood up to point out this injustice
against him. This is the reason, he said, he declined to run for mayor again. When their group led by the late senator Alejandro “Landring” was looking for a standard bearer against then OIC Mayor Zafiro L. Respicio, he politely declined the offer to be the standard bearer. At the time, the group was in search of one who was believed more winnable than OIC Vice Mayor Rodrigo R. Duterte, because Rody then was a political newbie and therefore untested, aside from the fact that Rody declared he had no money to bankroll a campaign. If some people found Elias to have a bloated ego, it is because he had plenty to be proud of. Aside from being an aggressive manager, dynamic leader and a visionary, he was a powerful speaker and electrifying orator, who gestured not only with his hand but also with his body, an excellent player of many musical instruments, and a good singer who could sing songs in Japanese, Chinese, Bagobo, Pilipino, Cebuano and English. He was also a very good dancer of modern and Bagobo dances. I have never known of a Filipino who’s more knowledgeable of the life, loves and many talents of Dr. Jose P. Rizal than Elias B. Lopez.
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FILIPINO OFFICERS. Captain Leonor (second from left, front row) with some of the Filipino military officers including General Santos (second row, third from left). Captain Domingo Leonor left a legacy of a very colorful military career.
JAPANESE VISITORS. Captain Leonor receives Capt. HIbino of Japan and his party.
THROWBACKFFROM 2 re recorded another military milestone leading his men to capture and put an end to the atrocities committed by the then dreaded terrorist group “Colorums.” After his well-documented exploits in Agusan, Captain Domingo E. Leonor took over his new assignment in Davao as the first Filipino Provincial Commander on December 3, 1927. It was on the return to Davao by Domingo, a bachelor who had given most of his young life to military service, that he was reunited with a native woman whom he had vowed to marry in exchange for his retirement. Her name was Juliana Rasay whom he bore three children— Lourdes, Domingo Jr., and Francisco.
Captain Leonor’s legacy did not end at the warfront. When he took over the PC command in Davao, the headquarters was in a small lot in San Pedro Street with not enough place for soldiers to stay. He found a more suitable place at the back of the old Maguindanao Theater (now DBP Bulding) owned by a Lebanese named Awad who also has at that time the only electric light generator for the theater. He thought it was a very strategic place and he wrote the national headquarters of the Philippine Constabulary to acquire the land and build an honest-to-goodness military barracks. With Davao emerging as a blooming hub for abaca business, the growing
migration of Japanese labor recruits, and at the same time the looming threats of seaborne Moro pirates who wanted to cash in on the rolling
progress, the Philippine Constabulary gave in to the proposal of Captain Leonor. He was also credited for having brokered the subsequent donation of the property to the government, and eventually, on April 9, 1927 the PC headquarters was inaugurated. This property is actu-
ally owned by the Bonleons whose patriarch Leoncio is the father of Filomena, a Bagoba-Chinese mestiza who is the mother of Domingo’s wife Juliana. This is what is now the Philippine National Police’s Davao City headquarters—a living legacy and symbol of hardwork
and aspirations of a man whose name is synonymous to the ideals our police force are now carrying on. Captain Leonor retired in 1931 after a career running 29 years. He died in Manila on April 11, 1976 and was buried with military honors.
(Left photo) Captain Leonor with two of his men after conducting foot patrol. (right) Captain Leonor dirrects his men in the attack against Colorums (Outlaw) in Socorro, Surigao in 1924.
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Congratulations
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