EDWARD WATKISS B.A ARCHITECTURAL STUDIES PART 1 PORTFOLIO 2010-2013
Testing Ground Can Ricart Ecologies Charrette Outward Bound Simplicity Economy Home Space to Live Section Alley
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STAGE 3 DESIGN REPORT ECOLOGIES The Ecologies project was our first project of stage 3, run as a group project we were placed into groups of three tasked to design a installation that could be included as part of the British Design Festival taking place in Newcastle in 2013, it was the first chance we have had to take part in a project where there was a possibility that our design could actually be built, this instantly gave realism to the project, making us design towards something that was actually feasible with a minimal budget in mind.
The Idea of the installation was to design not just for the humans that might temporarily inhabit the spaces created but consider the insects and small animals that are likely to inhabit the installation for a larger percentage of the time, from this I realised that architecture is not just about the human inhabitants and that you should also think about what else might use it, this is something that I hope to carry forward to my future designs. Being just a 3 week project meant that we had to work well as a team at each stage of the design, although we took a different direction in our design to many of the other designs in making it more of a permanent installation, right or wrong I feel that we worked well together, separating the work load to our strengths to keep to our schedule. In previous group projects I have found there to be disagreements, but found we took a much more mature approach to this project, this is one of the biggest qualities that I feel I have learnt in the two years previous. CAN RICART Our second design project of stage 3 took us to Barcelona, Spain. It was our first individual project of the year and also our first brief that was based outside of Newcastle. When we were in Barcelona we only got to visit the site for one day, this meant that whilst we were on the site we had to take all the recordings that we wished to require from the site in one visit, it was a test to see if we could take what we had learnt from previous projects and learn a site in a small time frame, I felt that although I coped well with this demand I was still not at a level that I would like to be and would be something I would want to improve going into my next project.
When we returned to Newcastle our first requirement was to produce a master plan for the Can Ricart site working in pairs this required us to be able to work as a team like we has in Ecologies, -
In retrospect we spent too long working on our concepts, I feel I should have pushed us to move on, as a result of that we struggled to represent them adequately in our presentation, the knock on effect of this was that we received less feedback than we much have otherwise done. Working individually again I found it much easier to be able to work at a suitable rate and develop the design between the weekly tutorials. The fact that it was located in a different climate required additional research into how to design for such a climate and as a result I would be much more confident in designing buildings for a multitude of climates. For the first time I decided that I would do Photoshop renders in the hope that I could represent my designs in more depth, This is a skill that I wish I had acquired in the previous years as progress was slow, this meant my final presentation was not finished, making it very hard to present my design, this reflected on my grade. In the future I would not try and learn a new skill like this towards the end of a project again but hoped that it would be of benefit in my graduation project. TESTING GROUND For our graduation project we were given the choice of 6 projects that we could choose from, each run by different tutors, it was down to us to choose the project that we thought suited us most and gave us the opportunity to work to our strengths so that we could hopefully produce our best work. Of all the choices I chose to do the Testing Ground brief run by Matt Ozga-Lawn and James Craig. Part of my reason for choosing the brief was because it gave us the opportunity to design something on a scale far larger than we had ever had during the past 3 years, with my interests also pushing towards the industrial and technical side I liked the prospect of working with a site that was once a chemical processing plant, Leading on from Barcelona it also interested me as the site was once again too far for multiple visits and I hoped to deal with it better than with my previous project.
The first stage of our project was Test Subject, during this stage we were tasked with coming up with a test that could test ones senses, such as sight or smell. This stage of the project really interested me as it gave me the opportunity to design and build something that was more product design than architecture, the test I devised was how you might cope if your vision was to be mirrored horizontally, the process of designing and manufacturing a set of goggles that did this came very naturally to me, but in the process-
I became too absorbed in what I was strong at and lost sight of what the test was actually about going into the first critique, resulting in a well design product but no sophisticated test other than just wearing the goggles. This led on to Test Landing, our first visit to our site in Hartlepool, we were required to translate out test into something that could interact with the site, it was at this point that I feel I was week during the project, as a knock on effect of not developing my test enough during the first phase it meant that on my visit the sites scale was just daunting. Once we had visited the site we were required to develop a brief that was related to our test, the focus of my institute was making a environment that was constantly changing, so that it was never familiar. It was not until in the last 3 weeks that my design was taking shape, this was a long way behind schedule and I feel cam about due to me including features that I had a deep understanding of, in this situation the mechanism of making it move, as a result I found myself fixated on making this work and not the architecture. From the Testing Ground project it became clear that I must learn to step away from my comfort zones and focus equally on all aspects of the design, if I was to do this in the future it would result in far more resolved designs. STAGE 3 During stage 3 I think I have made a big step towards becoming an architect, the step up of the standard required in our work showed up some qualities that were limiting how far I could develop my designs, most notably getting stuck in my comfort zones and not allocating my time between tasks adequately. Knowing where my weaknesses are make it possible for me to see where to improve in the future, add that to the vast knowledge and set of skills I have learnt during the degree then I feel I am heading in the right direction.
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Monument of Time
Factory of Synergies
Habitat Trail
Plan B
07-35
37-73
65-73
75-77
Stage 3 Jan-May 2013
Stage 3 Nov-Dec 2012
Stage 3 Oct 2012
Stage 3 Oct 2012
Outward Bound
Simplicity Economy Home
Space to Live
Musical Chairs
A Foyer for Newcastle
A Small House for Newcastle
101-119
121-135
Stage 2 Nov-Dec 2011
Stage 2 Oct 2011
Testing Ground
Civic Centred 79-99
Stage 2 Jan-Mar 2012
Can Ricart
Concept of Ecologies
Charrette
Section Alley 137-141 Stage 2 May 2012
Monument of Time Testing Ground 07-35 Stage 3 Jan-May 2013 Through out time civilisations have built monuments of all scales and sizes that may outlast the civilization that built them, leaving behind a ruin that no longer stands a use. The Monument of Time is designed to provide a infrastructure that may have multiple different uses over many centuries but whilst these uses may change its alignments indicate different significant time frames, from full moon celebrations monthly to lunar standstills every 18 years. The whole monument is designed with one event in time, the next planetary alignment in May 2854, at this point in time the whole monument will align creating a continuous form, its designed to be the end point for the design of the monument, the point from which the design has been worked back from. In reference to previous uses of the site and the settling tanks the sections of the monument will all turn with the geometry having been derived from the forms that made up the old Streetley Magnisite works. The monument will be driven from the power of the tide, keeping it in time with lunar cycles . Designed and engineered to last until at least the alignment after this point it may gradually deteriorate and the segments come to a rest, hiding the secrets and theories of the monument and its alignments.
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Location on site
MONUMENT OF TIME Testing Ground
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MONUMENT OF TIME Testing Ground
18.6 Years
Annually 6 Months Monthly
Tide Cycle 14h 18h
Weekly
Daily
11h 12h
12h 11h
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MONUMENT OF TIME Testing Ground
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MONUMENT OF TIME Testing Ground
1st January 2015
21st June 2015
16th October 2015
Event:
Event: Recurrence: Annually
Event: Recurrence: 18.6 Years
Site Plan 1:2000
Starting point of Facility
Site Plan 1:2000
Summer Solstice Sunrise
Site Plan 1:2000
Minor Lunar Standstill
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21st December 2015
15th April 2025
7th May 2854
Event: Recurrence: Annually
Event: Major Lunar Standstill Tidal Cycle
Event: Planetary Alignment Recurrence: ~1500 Years
Site Plan 1:2000
Winter Solstice Sunset
Site Plan 1:2000
Recurrence:
18.6 Years
Site Plan 1:2000
MONUMENT OF TIME Testing Ground
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EVENT: OCCURRENCE: SEGMENT:
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Full Moon ~30 Days Full Moon
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EVENT: OCCURRENCE: SEGMENTS:
SUMMER SOLSTICE SUNRISE 21st JUNE ANNUALLY 6 MONTH - YEARLY
11:00 13:00
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MONUMENT OF TIME Testing Ground
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EVENT: OCCURRENCE: SEGMENTS:
23:00 STANDSTILL MAJOR00:00LUNAR S TIDE CYCLE 18.6 YEARS 18.6 YEAR - Year
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Sun Mercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter
EVENT: OCCURRENCE: SEGMENTS:
Planetary Alignment - 7th may 2854 ~1500 Years All
Saturn Uranus Neptune Pluto
MONUMENT OF TIME Testing Ground
TIDE POWER DETAIL
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Galvanized steel top frame Drive axles Drive chains Tide weight Galvanized steel lower frame reinforced concrete shell (existing on pier)
WEIGHT CONSTRUCTION
HIGH TIDE
MID TIDE
LOW TIDE
23 1
2
3
4
5
Power Generation 6
Each high tide raises the weight through Archimedes principle. The weight falls turning the tide wheel on average once per tide. Turning Force: Volume: Displacement: Weight:
1,112,000 Litres 1112 Tons 648 Tons
MONUMENT OF TIME Testing Ground
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73 55 37 19 1
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YEAR SEGMENT RAIL REQUIREMENTS
Weight: ~8,000 Tons Safety margin 12.5% Minimum Wheels: 90 Conditions Concrete Density: 2400 KG/M3 Max Wheel Load: 100 Tons
RAIL DETAIL
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
Concrete base slab Galvanized steel mount Bearing housing Sealed bearing 100 ton rail wheel Rail Rail foundation
3
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GEAR RATIOS
Tide Day Week
62 40-30 60-40 60 42-20 50-20 50
73-24 60-30 50-20 120 60-20 50 60-30 120 48-30 40 50-40 120 40-20 62-20 56 40 60-20 120
Full Moon
6 Month
GEAR DETAIL
1. 2. 3.
40mm Bolts Steel gear profiles concrete base
Year
18.6 Year
MONUMENT OF TIME Testing Ground
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FULL MOON REFLECTOR 15
23
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Facts: Occurrence: E ~29.5 Days Direction: SSW - SSE Angle of moon: 10° Brightness: 0.27-1.0 lux Reflected Brightness: 30 Lux
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00:00
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The full moon segment is clad in polished stainless steel, each full moon the cladding works as a large reflector focusing the moons light onto a spot on the ground, making a temporary lit space, giving the possibility of a diverse range of installations.
23:00
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50m 58m
0.5m
16m
60m 1.5m
3.55m R 6m
year segment elevation scale 1/200
MONUMENT OF TIME Testing Ground
POWER GENERATION EACH HIGH TIDE RASES THE WEIGHT THROUGH ARCHIMEDES PRINCIPLE. THE WEIGHT FALLS TURNING THE TIDE WHEEL ON AVERAGE ONCE PER TIDE. TURNING FORCE: VOLUME: DISPLACEMENT: WEIGHT:
1,112,000 LITRES 1112 TONS 648 TONS
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MONUMENT OF TIME Testing Ground
Introduction With an increase in injuries and fatalities to workers in the construction industry a new set of regulations was brought into use during 20071 to reduce this number. The Construction Design and Management Regulations 2007 (CDM) mean that health and safety has to be integrated into all stages of a project. As a result the client has to ensure that the right management team is in place so that this can happen.
PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE AND MANAGEMENT
Due to the scale of the proposed INTRODUCTION Testing Facility (24 acre site), construction has been split into 6 With an increase in injuries and fatalities to workers in the construction industry a new set of regulations was brought into use during phases, the map image to the right 2007 to the reduce this number. The Construction shows whole site including the Design and Management Regulations 2007 (CDM) mean that health and safety has boundary for phase 1 of the project. to be integrated into all stages of a project. As a result the client has to ensure that the right management team is in place so that As it's such a large project a project manager will be appointed to run the this can happen. project on behalf of the client and work with Due to the scaleall of theparties proposed involved, Testing Facility (24 acre site), construction has been split into 6 phases, the map image to the right ensuring the project is run correctly. shows thecoordinator whole site including the boundary A CDM (CDMC) is the for phase 1 of the project. As it's such a large project a project manager will be ap1 - Site location on Hartlepool coast first jobtothat willproject be assigned pointed run the on behalf ofonthethe clientFigure and work with all parties involved, ensuring the project is run correctly. A CDM coordiproject, it will be the CDMC who ensures that the CDM regulations are met.
nator (CDMC) is the first job that will be assigned on the project, it will be the CDMC who ensures that the CDM regulations are met.
F10 (HSE Notification) F10 (HSE NOTIFICATION) Once the CDMC has been appointed, they should at the earliest possible stage notify the Once the local CDMCauthority has been of appointed, they should at theasearliest possible stageduration notify thewill relevant local authority of the proposed relevant the proposed project, the construction continue 2 for more than 30 days . To notify the relevant authority the CDMC must complete Form project, as the construction duration will continue for more than 30 days . To notify the relevant authority the CDMC must complete F103 found on the HSE web site. (The table bellow shows the content that will be required Form F10 found on the HSE web site. (The table bellow shows the content that will be required to complete the form. A new notificato complete the form. A new notification will be sent by the CDMC each time the conditions tion will be the change. CDMC each time the conditions change on the form change. change onsent theby form Site Address
Old Cemetery Road, Hartlepool, TS24, UK
Geological Location
54.712째N(latitude),1.22째E(longitude)
Project Description
The project involves the construction of a scientific research test facility. Construction will involve preparation of the Brownfield site, earthworks and construction phase 1 buildings (10,000m2)
Type of Build
New Build - Other (Scientific Research Facility)
Local Authority
Hartlepool Borough Counsel
Details of CDMC
As appointed for the project
Architect and Constructors Details
As appointed for the project
Time Scale
Design/Planning dates as well as Start & Completion dates
Table 1 - Information required for F10 notification
Information required for F10 Notification
1
(SAFETY, 2007) (Perry, 2002) p5 3 (HSE, n.d.) 2
1
PRE CONSTRUCTION PACK
Both the Project Manager and CDMC will be required to work together to produce a pre-construction pack for the project, It should include a description of the project and the program details as was set out in the F10 form. They will also make the arrangements for planning and managing the construction, acting on the clients behalf on liaisons with parties involved with the project. With the size and location of the site a security firm will be used to secure it, the pre-construction pack will contain the details of the security in place including perimeter fence, gates and cctv. Access restrictions will be in place as well as permit to work systems that will be regulated by the CDMC. With the site located between the sea and an active railway the security firm will be responsible for ensuring the perimeter fencing restricts access to either, this will be overlooked by the CDMC. The principle contractors will be responsible for providing fire precautions, emergency procedures as well as the means of escape from the site. They will also be tasked will providing information on smoking areas and site parking restrictions. Due to the lack of facilities currently on the site, temporary facilities will be provided by the contractors for the duration of construction. The site has been completely cleared from structures within the site building zone, all material has also been removed from the previous land use, results of the site survey will be included in the pack. The CDMC will also outline health and safety information is to be provided by the separate parties and the formats that will be required to make up the health and safety file when construction is completed. A construction phase plan will be included in the pre-construction pack so that all parties understand the time frame of each construction phase. It is will then be the project managers responsibility to ensure all parties involved receive the pre-construction pack before starting work on the site.
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HEALTH AND SAFETY FILE
Just as in the pre-construction pack, the health and safety file will start by showing the details of the contractors, architect and other parties involved with construction. As the site was completely cleared of hazardous materials after its previous use as a magnisite production facility, it will have to be stated how parts of the site have a layer of top soil that covers building debris bellow, surveys will have to be provided to show these locations, but most health and safety will relate to the new facility. The building will be provided by a central services line running underground along its length providing electricity, gas and water, these services will be connected to the main grids at one end of the site. Detailed plans will be included showing the location of these service lines, indication tape lines will be run above the lines underground so that to provide a warning for any future land works. It is intended that the building will need minimal maintenance during its life span so no equipment is provided for cleaning and maintenance. Plans showing key structural elements of the buildings will be provided, so future contractors undertaking cleaning and maintenance know the safe working loads for each section of the building including zones for heavy machinery and scaffolding. Key loaded components will be identified so that not to be disturbed during maintenance. Information will be provided on the hazardous materials used during the construction, including anticorrosion coatings used on steel structures within the facility and how they should be removed, reapplied or worked on in the future. Site location on Hartlepool coast
Information, plans and working procedures will be provided by the contractors for all structures, pants and equipment that will require maintenance as well as certificates showing that the services have been signed off by the relevant party. A copy of the health and safety file will be held by the client on completion of the project so that can be provided to any future parties working within the facility. CONCLUSION
Due to the scale of the project a project manager will be appointed, it is the project managers job to appoint the relevant duty holders for the project starting with a CDM coordinator. The CDMC will be responsible for ensuring that the CDM regulations are all met, in the process of doing this they will be gathering all the required information from each party involved with the project. The CDMC will ensure that the F10 form, Pre-Construction Pack, Construction Phase Plan and Health and Safety File are all completed in line with the Construction, Design and Management Regs of 2007.
MONUMENT OF TIME Testing Ground
ARC3014: Professional Practice and Management
ARC3014: Professional Practice and Management Name: 101380797
Mid-year practical experience during Part 1 studies
Project Details (repeat boxes as necessary if recording more than one project) Project Name
Name: 101380797
Project Description
General Information 01/02/2013 – 15/03/2013
Category of Experience Experience Level Location School of Architecture/Monitoring Institution Professional Studies Advisor PSA's Email PSA's Phone No Placement Provider Placement Address
Part 1 Architecture Student Stage 1 Newcastle upon Tyne Newcastle School of Architecture John Kamara john.kamara@ncl.ac.uk 0191 2228619 Newcastle School of Architecture Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne Tyne and Wear NE1 7RU UK +44 (0) 191 222 6000 http://www.ncl.ac.uk/ +44 1234 56789 Arc3014@ncl.ac.uk School of Architecture providing a mixture of projects from small scale residential to large scale public both realised and conceptual. 50+ staff members: 1head of school, 1 director of architecture, 10 professors Also specialised in Town planning, Landscape architecture, Urban design, Digital design and Urban conservation
Employment Mentor Mentor's Profession Membership of Professional Bodies Registration Number Mentor's Email Mentor's Phone No
Public Client 24 acre site with a Substantial budget.
Dates of Experience
Placement Phone No Placement Website Student's Phone No Student's Email Brief Description of Placement Provider
Testing Ground Time Measurement Facility
Matthew Ozga-Lawn Lecturer RIBA n/a Matthew.orga-lawn@ncl.ac.uk +44 191 222 6019
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A large public sector scientific research and testing facility. Architect as part of design team along with two design consultants. Currently in the design stage before planning approval submission is made. Current design stage is equivalent to C-E Project Tasks
Using AutoCAD to create an accurate site plan after site visit. Working on finalising the brief with clients and mentors through consultation meetings. Development of design and attending design meetings with mentors. Completion of initial design proposals
Work Stages
Hours as participant
Hours as observer
Appraisal
20
n/a
Design Brief
28
3
C-E Design Concept Design Development Technical Design
100 120 32
n/a 3 n/a
n/a n/a n/a
n/a n/a n/a
n/a n/a
n/a n/a
n/a
n/a
300
6
A-B Preparation
F-H Pre-Construction Production Information Tender Documentation Tender Action K Construction Mobilisation Construction to practical completion L Use Post Practical Completion Totals
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ARC3014: Professional Practice and Management Name: 101380797
ARC3014: Professional Practice and Management
Name: 101380797
Work Stages – summary of hours from all projects Hours as Participant
Hours as Observer
Reflective Experience Summary Total
A-B Preparation Appraisal
35
2
37
Design Brief
42
4
46
C-E Design Concept
160
2
162
Design Development
220
5
225
Technical Design
90
2
92
F-H Pre-Construction Production Information
n/a
n/a
Tender Documentation
n/a
n/a
Tender Action
n/a
n/a
Mobilisation
n/a
n/a
Construction to practical completion
n/a
n/a
Post Practical Completion
n/a
n/a
Totals
547
K Construction
L Use 15
562
Activities – non-project related
Task performance and learning during this period of experience Taking a initial concept through to writing a brief and completing initial design proposals. Learning how to make informed decisions at each stage of the design process to meet the stage 3 requirements Personal development & role performance evaluation With the support of my mentors and the design consultants provided by the University I feel that my designs are becoming more though through in a realistic and logical way compared to previous designs that I have worked on. My personal development and performance I feel has been good, but to achieve more responsibility and influence in the future it will require further development on my behalf Aims for next period of experience Improve representation of ideas throughout the design process, relying less on my spoken presentations of an idea. Larger influence on design proposals Further skills needed and actions to take to achieve aims Being able to complete the whole design process from the client meeting right through to the final design proposal. Better understanding of building regulations and what is likely and unlikely to be approved by local authorities Additional student comments, support required from placement provider Spent time visiting Barcelona to learn more about the architecture of the area, has widened my view of architecture and the reason why architects might have made certain design decisions. Had to get support from placement provider as a result of illness, the placement provider allowed me flexibility and support on what I had missed as a result.
Hours completed
Description
I confirm that I have worked in the above office between the dates stated and that the description of project details, tasks undertaken and learning achieved is accurate.
37
Additional non architectural related experience
Signature: Date: 12/03/2013
CPD
20
Attending lecture series put on by Newcastle University (professional practice)
CPD
40
Attending lecture series put on by Newcastle University (technology and environment)
Holiday
120
University Holiday
Site Visit
5
Visit to site in Hartlepool
Totals
242
Task Office Management Office Assistant
33
General
iii
iv
MONUMENT OF TIME Testing Ground
Factory of Synergies Can Ricart 37-73 Stage 3 Nov-Dec 2012
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Sea
Can Ricart
Sagrada Familia
FACTORY OF SYNERGIES Can Ricart
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1 BUILDING ANALYSIS
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Residential Industrial Site Building Listed Site Building Site Building Disrepair
FACTORY OF SYNERGIES Can Ricart
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Workshops & Exhibition Space Theatre & Performance Space Market Space I/O Restaurant & Bars Cooperative Cooking School Extension to El Hangar Outside Cinema
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FACTORY OF SYNERGIES Can Ricart
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FACTORY OF SYNERGIES Can Ricart
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FACTORY OF SYNERGIES Can Ricart
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FACTORY OF SYNERGIES Can Ricart
Section - 1:100
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Section of through the atrium showing how the glass makes the whole structure
Glazing connector detail (1:2)
The main pillar and beam is made from 45mm laminated glass that is bolted together as shown in the diagram above.
FACTORY OF SYNERGIES Can Ricart
The canopy is a steel frame with a growing mesh between, this will become overgrown with climbing plants creating causing seasonal shading.
A large solar canopy sits independently above the building.
Minimal additions are made other than connecting paths and roofs, creating a linear journey through and around the building.
Glass atrium connect the key spaces, whilst making it possible to see what is happening on the inside.
The restored shells make up the bulk of the new complex
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FACTORY OF SYNERGIES Can Ricart
57 The linear arts development in perspective, it shows how the building is a series of smaller buildings that are connected via walkways, each space is a flexible use space that provides a slightly different atmosphere with the idea that the most suitable one can chosen for varying activities.
FACTORY OF SYNERGIES Can Ricart
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2 The detailed section slice through the building to the left manages to show each of the individual design features working together, the window pod using an existing opening, the new roof placed on-top of the existing walls, the glass atrium connecting the spaces with the walkway connecting them at first floor height.
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The in between scale demonstrates how small additions have been made to bring the old shells of buildings back to life. 1 DETAILED SECTION SLICE
1 2 3 4 5
Mezzanine Roof Glass Atrium Connecting Walkway Solar Canopy
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Existing & Primary Structure
Secondary Structure
Tertiary Structure
Quaternary Structure
FACTORY OF SYNERGIES Can Ricart
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MEZZANINE CONSTRUCTION
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Glass Balustrade Decorative Beam Cover Ceramic Tile Floor 50mm Concrete Slab Corrugated Aluminium Base Primary I-Beam Secondary Beams Alloy Mounting Rail Light Defuse / Ceiling
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5
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WALL TO ROOF DETAIL
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
(1:10)
Felt Roofing Concealed Guttering Aluminium Skirting Cedar Cladding DPM Double Glazing Wall Moisture Cap Existing Wall Hardboard Timber Baton Roof Joist Aluminium Joist Plaster Board Insulation Steel Frame
FACTORY OF SYNERGIES Can Ricart
REPRESENTATIONS Through the past, developments of Can Ricart could be said to have diluted the design of the original buildings, the idea that new additions to the building should mimic the original doesn’t appear to work as it is not possible for them to work in the same way as Josep Oriol Bernadet had intended when he designed the original buildings. In a way of respect to Josep Oriol Bernadet’s design I went in a direction where that what was to be designed should work with and enhance the existing spaces whilst making sure it was obvious what was new and what was old.
The canopy running over the site hints at the plan of the of what lies on the ground below, the linear shape represents the path through the exhibition spaces leading to the extension to El Hangar, not only does the canopy represent the linear form it also The canopy running over the site hints at the plan of the of what lies on the ground below, the linear shape shows inthe a literal how it will and fall inspaces responseleading to the buildings below and how will work innot isolation to withthe no link to represents pathway through therise exhibition to the extension to Elit Hangar, only does canopy represent theand linear form also in a alongside literal way it will rise and fall in and response theoriginal build-design the buildings below works withitthe ideashows of working thehow existing without weakening changingtothe ings below and how it will work in isolation to with no link to the buildings below and works with the idea of set out in the 19ththe century by Josep Oriolweakening Bernadet. and changing the original design set out in the 19th century working alongside existing without by Josep Oriol Bernadet.
I wanted to design through modelling as it gives you the opportunity to experience a space in three dimensions instead of the one that is possible through a drawing, with continual modelling throughout the design process it was possible to test and experiment how ideas and schemes worked with the existing, this works along with what was said in Graham Farmers lecture ‘In the Making’; ‘The design process is characterised by experimentation by means of both facts and ideas.’ In the same way as Amy Linfords had done in ‘A Matter of Excess’ and hand crafting the fixed and existing from the site ‘I began by modelling the more ‘permanent’ features of the site’ The hard wood of the model represents the solidness of the existing styles found on the site, it is the base for all designs that evolved through the design process, the existing should stay intact and be restored to the original grandeur to keep it as I true link to its history instead of an evolution. The Colour running over and through the existing represents how the artists street will pass through and interact with the existing, the artists street is designed to be a series of spaces linked together using the old structures found on the site as shown in figure 1 it also shows how the new will be contrasting and bold in comparison to what was designed in the 19th Century. The space between the model and the wall helps to demonstrate the form of the spaces that have been created with the new interventions and links between the old buildings, the back path of the model has not been painted to help show how you don’t need to take note of the artist installations and workshops along the route but the idea is that they run together so that even if you are passing through form A to B you will still be immersed in the activities of the site.
Figure 1 - Site Strategy
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FACTORY OF SYNERGIES Can Ricart
Habitat Trail
Concept of Ecologies 65-73 Stage 3 Oct 2012
HABITAT TRAIL
EDWARD WATKISS - MATHEW JACKSON - RACHEL LEATHERBARROW We purpose a design which takes the occupant on a journey from the edge of the reed bed, up through the tree foliage to the tree canopy. A various stages the inhabitant can look out and interact with different aspects throughout the tree canopy. Proposal for the concrete pool
Here we propose to facilitate a reed bed. Drainage from the park willTILES be managed to maintain the beds water level, and the pool will be lined with soil to perPROPOSAL FOR THE CONCRETE POOL LIVING WALL mit reed growth. The pool will add an additional level of diversity which can be observed at close proximity from the proposed platform cantilevering out into the pool.
Here we propose These modular tiles will be clad onto the towers facade, supInsect Hotel to facilitate a reed bed. Drainage from the park Insect Hotel is a classic take on the of an Constructed of 0.8m by 0.8m birch plywood willThe be managed to maintain the beds water level,structure and the pool willurban hotel. porting a number ofout moss species, addingpanels to the of biodiversity of with voids cut which will be loosely stuffed with recycled waste materials and deadfall for various bugs to make their way into. The sides of the hotel are accessible for butterflies and moths, and the top is suitable for absorbing rain water through planting. beLiving lined with soiltiles to permit reed growth. The pool will add an adthe area and framing interesting views through the journey up into wall These modular tiles will be clad onto the towers facade, supporting the a number ditional level of diversity which can be observed at close proximity canopyof moss species, adding to the biodiversity of the area and framing interesting views through the journey up into the canopy from the proposed platform cantilevering out into the pool. We purpose a design which takes the occupant on a journey from INSECT HOTEL the edge of the reed bed, up through the tree foliage to the tree The Insect Hotel is a classic take on the structure of an urban hocanopy. A various stages the inhabitant can look out and interact tel. Constructed out of 0.8m by 0.8m panels of birch plywood with with different aspects throughout the tree canopy. voids cut which will be loosely stuffed with recycled waste materials and deadfall for various bugs to make their way into. The sides of the hotel are accessible for butterflies and moths, and the top is suitable for absorbing rain water through planting.
Primary Structure
Secondary Structure
Tertiary Structure
Quaternary structure
LOWER LEVEL PLAN
(1:200)
67
HABITAT TRAIL Concept of Ecology
purpose a design which takes the upant on a journey from the edge of the d bed, up through the tree foliage to the canopy. A various stages the inhabitant look out and interact with different ects throughout the tree canopy.
evel, and the pool will be lined with soil to permit e proposed platform cantilevering out into the pool.
voids cut which will be loosely stuffed with recycled waste he top is suitable for absorbing rain water through planting.
he area and framing interesting views through the
LOWER Lower Level Plan LEVEL (1:200) PLAN
(1:200)
UPPE
69
UPPER PLAN Upper Level Plan LEVEL (1:200)
(1:200)
HABITAT TRAIL Concept of Ecology
71
HABITAT TRAIL Concept of Ecology
73
Foundation to Temporary Building Detail
Living Habitat wall Cladding Detail
Stair and Raised Walkway Detail
HABITAT TRAIL Concept of Ecology
Plan B
Charrette 75-77 Stage 3 Oct 2012
CHARRETTE 2012
77
PLAN B
Charrette
Outward Bound Civic Centred 79-99 Stage 2 Jan-Mar 2012
THE BRIEF
With the aim of the centre to be open and welcoming to new people and to help draw new people into the activities some further changes have been included in the brief as follows:
• With it being on the coast to coast route the building is going to look more into the cyclists needs, after re search it is clear that cycle hire is one easy way to get people active so this is going to be additional requirement for the building, for this there will need to be both the shop and adequate storage for the hire bikes. • the rowing club doesn’t currently row in boats larger than a four (4 people) but to allow for future expansion of the rowing club the boat house should be capable of housing at least 2 eights which will require the wet store room need to be at least 20m long to be capable of housing the larger boats. • people are drawn into trying things if they see lots off activity so the aim is to increase the size of the cafe so that it is welcoming to more than just athletes, these people might then be tempted into trying any of rowing, sailing or cycling. • if the gym is increased in size so that it can be open to more of the public then these extra people might eventually be drawn into any of the activities available at the centre.
These changed will result in the building being larger than initially planned but it seems suitable to make these changes to try and achieve the main aim of the centre, drawing more people into the activities.
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LOCATION IN UK
LOCATION NEAR NEWCASTLE
LOCATION IN TYNEMOUTH
LOCATION
The site is located in the town of Tynemouth which is on the north bank at the mouth of the river Tyne to the east of the city of Newcastle Upon Tyne, its is linked to Newcastle with metro line which runs directly from Tynemouth to the city centre. Tynemouth is a town that is famous one of the tourist destinations in the north east of the UK, especially popular in the late C19th and early C20th, the site is located in Priors Haven next to the break water and 300m from the main street in Tynemouth.
OUTWARD BOUND
A Small House for Jesmond
E CA ST L TH TY
NE
M
OU
CLIFFS
NG
WO O
DM
ON
UM
EN
T
BREAK WATER
CO
LLI
CLIFFS
LANDSCAPE The landscape on the site itself is fairly gentle sloping down towards the sea, it is possible to remodel the landscape however to make it suit the building more, to both the north and south there are cliffs up to the headlands above.
SUN PATH The bay is quite sheltered by the headlands but it is still windy at times, wind is channelled by the cliffs to the north and south and as a result any wind flows along the length of the site with the prevailing wind coming from the west.
WIND With the site being located on the north side of the bay it gets good amounts of sun coverage, although low down becomes shaded early in the evening so public areas will want to be raised up.
VIEWS There are 3 main views that offer potential on the site, the most obvious is up to Tynemouth castle to the north, then out along the break water to the lighthouse. To the south west it is possible to also see the Collingwood monument.
WATER LINE With the building being next to the sea, tides need to be taken into account as there is on average a 1.5m difference between high and low water. High water comes up close to the site so it is important not to build too close, there is a clear channel where low water is closer to the coast which should be considered for the launching of boats
83
top left - Panoramic overlooking the site from the south top right - Approach from disused railway, looking out to the pier bottom right - Panoramic overlooking the site from the north bottom left - Night time showing the lights of Tynemouth up above
OUTWARD BOUND Civic Centred
MATERIALITY
By looking at the materials found on the site it is easy to see how the environmental conditions of coming into contact with the sea have effected them, soft materials like the wood mark and weather a lot giving them a certain quality which might want to be achieved. The stone and pebbles have all been rounded by the force of the water on them. The forces that have transformed the materials here will be the conditions that the building will have to go through over time, for this reason the materials used for construction should be taking this into account and how they will change over time. For the building to sit well on its site it would be work well if some of these materials can be incorporated into the design in some way.
Figure 7 - Rough & worn wood on the beach
Figure 8 - Large rocks bedded into the sand
Figure 9 - Pebbles smoothed by the sea
85
INFLUENCES
By looking at the human form during different stages of the rowing stroke it was possible to come up with the primary structure that holds the first floor of the building up, by taking the lines of the legs and the back at both the catch (front of stroke) and at the drive phase of the stroke it was possible to create the form that is used along the length of the building.
Figure 5 - Sketch of possible building format
OUTWARD BOUND Civic Centred
CURTAIN WALL DESIGN
To make it so that the 1st floor gym can be adaptable the whole of the glass wall can be opened up. With the use of pivoting windows, every 1400mm section can be rotated and will then slide along guide rails in both the floor and ceiling. With this system it is possible to be very flexible, in the summer the whole of the wall can be folded up to one end, or certain sections can be opened up whilst at the same time it is possible to use single sections as a standard door to the outside terrace.
CLOSED
LIKE A DOOR
OPENING
FULLY OPEN
87
OUTWARD BOUND Civic Centred
1ST FLOOR PLAN
gym (235m2) administrative office (22.5m2) equipment store (5.2m2) first aid room (11.1m2) look out areas Protected Stair Well Fire Escape Shortest Route to Escape
20m
25m
89
10m
OUTWARD BOUND Civic Centred
GROUND FLOOR PLAN
entrance foyer (64.5m2) cafe/lounge (149m2) kitchen (23.1m2) public toilets (20.6m2) shop (112m2) workshop/bike hire storage (131m2) Protected Stair Well Fire Escape Shortest Route to Escape
20m
18m
91
10m
OUTWARD BOUND Civic Centred
BASEMENT FLOOR PLAN
changing rooms (2 x 22.4m2) drying room (12.2m2) plant room (11.5m2) wet equipment store (206m2) Protected Stair Well Fire Escape Shortest Route to Escape
20m
9m
7m
93
12m
OUTWARD BOUND Civic Centred
Looking back on the building from beach
Approach to building from bike path
South elevation from stairs down to beach
95 Ipe Hardwood Decking • weather and insect resistant • naturally fire resistant • dark in colour
Zinc Roof • • •
very durable compared to comparable roofing especially in the salty conditions from sea spray reflects light up to the village to act like a beacon to attract people down to the building possible to form complicated roof styles due to it being very malleable
Sandstone Clad Concrete Core • concrete core to act as fire cell in building • cladding is sandstone matching the sandstone found in the surrounding cliffs to each side of the site. • looking into the materiality of the wider context not just that of the building
Low-E Toughened Glass • curtain wall to surrounds most of the building • thin coating of metal oxide reduces heat transfer • reduced need for artificial lighting during the day
Grass Landscaping • slow growing, low maintenance grass • 4 levels for activities to take place • 1m drops between levels to focus activity • external space of the building
Gabion Wall • quick construction • using reclaimed stones found on the site • durable against harshest of weather • helps to blend the base of the building into the site
OUTWARD BOUND Civic Centred
View of model from east, looking at landscaped levels
The grass level areas can be used for exercise
97
View of the building when driving down to the car park, looking our over the sea
Looking back on building from beginning of the breakwater
OUTWARD BOUND Civic Centred
Access for All The building has been design to take into consideration all of the users, with the idea of the building being for the community and trying to encourage people to take part in new activities and sports. With this in mind it has been made so that no one is restricted from being able to get to any part of the building, level changes have been kept to a minimum and the layout optimised so that it is a suitable building for disabled users.
Disabled Toilets: To assist in making the building effective for all users at least one disable toilet has been installed on each floor, this means that it is not required to go up and down stairs or lift each time that the toilet is required, helping to make sure that disabled users are not at any disadvantage.
Disabled Parking: It is anticipated that many users of the building will drive, for this reason limited parking is provided in the adjacent car park, the car park has limited spaces but makes it possible to provide 4 disabled parking spaces, this can ensure that users with mobility problems have to travel no further than 25m to the main entrance of the building.
Design for the visually impaired: All stairs around the site will have rumble strips to help the visually impaired to know that there is a level change and stairs, as well as suitable hand rails to assist them in acceding or descending them, there will be no overlaps of the steps to reduce the tripping hazard an contrasting strips will be used to help contrast each step.
Access for wheelchair users to main entrances: As there is a level change between the parking and entrance a 1:15 ramp with 3 landings is incorporated into the design to allow wheel chair users to be able to get to the main entrance from the disabled parking, coming from the foot path to the north the entrance is on the same level so that no ramps of stairs are required to get to the entrance.
Within the building contrasting materials will be used to help disabled users identify the safest routes through the building, to help the visually impaired different floor surfaces will be used to help they in identifying the routes to the main entrances and fire exits, furniture will also contrast the flooring on which it sits to help make it more visible and less of a tripping hazard.
Access for wheelchair users for within the building: The building layout lends its self well to disabled users by reducing the distance that it is required to travel to get to any one part of the building, the building has a central core which contains the stairs, lift, toilets and other services. With only one corridor in the building in the basement that is still 2000mm wide there are no issues with widths and space. All doors within the building are wide enough to make it easy to manoeuvre in a wheelchair, and the lobbies on each level of the lift are large enough to allow plenty of space for wheelchair users to get in and out of the lift.
Good lighting will also help to keep things clear, this will be done mainly through natural lighting in the day and artificial lighting at night. With the building also having high levels of floor to ceiling glazing textured flooring will be used on either side of the glazing to help the visually impaired if they have not been able to see it as they approach it. Design for the hearing impaired To help the hearing impaired users a hearing induction loop will be installed in both the cafe and gym areas of the building, this can be used for both class and other activities that might take place in the space in addition to in the even of a emergency they can be warned.
99
MEANS OF ESCAPE
Using “Table C1 Floor space factors” from part B of the building regulations it was possible to establish what the maximum occupancy levels would be for each floor of the building, as the bike workshop and hire shop have a separate entrance to the rest of the building they can be considered separately. The tables bellow show the occupancy levels expected for the building. First Floor
Area (m2)
Floor Space Factor (m2/Person)
Occupancy
Gym
235
5
47
Admin Office
23
6
3
1st Aid Room
11
6
2
100
1
100
Lookout
Ground Floor
152
Entrance Lobby
Basement
Floor Occupancy
Changing Rooms
45
1
45
Drying Room
12
5
2
Storage/ Boathouse
206
30
7
65
1
65
Cafe
149
1
149
Kitchen
23
7
Area (m2) Shop
3
Floor Occupancy
217
Floor Occupancy
54
Total Occupancy
423
Floor Space Factor (m2/Person)
Occupancy
Shop
112
7
16
Storage/ Workshop
131
30
4
Total Occupancy
20
The design of the building centralises around a central core, this contains all of the utilities and is a protected fire cell of the building, in the event of a fire you can head to this central core and out the fire exit on the ground floor so that you don’t need to enter back into danger. In the event that a fire occurred in the stairwell it is still possible to get out of the building, the 1st floor balcony at the west end of the building is only 1m from the ground making it possible to evacuate this way in extreme cases, whilst in the basement it is possible to just exit through the front of the boathouse. The only corridor in the building is in the basement and is 2000mm wide so can handle up to 400 people in the event of evacuation through the basement which should not be a situation the building ends up in unless multiple fires simultaneously break out at different points in the building. All exits from the building are double doors apart from the fire exit within the central core on the ground floor, this is a single pivot door that is 1050mm wide to allow for a full capacity 1st floor to escape assuming that the ground floor exits through the two other fire exits. All stair widths within the building are 1100mm which allows for the maximum capacity of the basement and 1st floors of the building, assuming that the ground floor can exit from the ground floor. The doors leading into the central fire protected core of the building will be fire doors, these will be held open on electric fire latches that will release the doors in the case of a fire. The landings at the top and bottom of each flight of stairs has enough room to allow for disabled users to wait for assistance. The main entrance to the shop and bike hire storage acts as its main fire exit due to the low capacity levels.
OUTWARD BOUND Civic Centred
Simplicity Economy Home A Foyer for Newcastle 101-119 Stage 2 Nov-Dec 2011
THE SITE
The site at Strawberry Place which is located in Newcastle upon Tyne in the north east of the UK. Newcastle has good transport links with it being on the East Coast line railway, next to the A1 motorway and its own major airport making it the hub of the northeast.
LOCATION IN UK
LOCATION IN NEWCASTLE
Site Location
The Site is on a busy junction between Strawberry place and Leazes Park Road, it is the site of a demolished building that is currently being used for a carpark for surrounding businesses.
Newcastle University
St James Park Newcastle City Centre
Central Station
Strawberry Place is located to on the edge of the city centre next to the Newcastle United football ground and near to Newcastle University. It has good transport links being 500m from the closest metro station and the main bus station.
BUILDING CONTEXT PLAN
103
Figure 1 - Site context to surrounding buildings
SIMPLICITY ECONOMY HOME A Foyer for Newcastle
CONCEPT 1
CONCEPT 2
CONCEPT 3
CONCEPT 4
Follows the roof line of terraces coming up from Percy street, a large accommodation section then extrudes out of the back on the 1st and 2nd floors, idea of mixing the old style with the modern buildings that are being built around the centre of Newcastle.
Attempting to mirror the lines of Barker Stonehouse furniture store across the road with their similar interests in furniture, acts as a large shop front for people coming down Leazes Park Road as they all drive towards it before turning.
Leading on from concept 2 with the idea of a shop front on the corner of the site, but with a less radical radius, on top the accommodation is set back from the street a little to help with sound levels as well as symbolizing protection.
Taking Concept 3 and sandwiching it between two timber clad walls, working to encase the accommodation and come across as protection, extending down to the street level in effect splicing the buildings together. Garden terrace has been created on the south side of the building,
Pros: Continues line of street Easy construction Fitting in with its surroundings
Pros: Wont be too intrusive with similar styling to Barker Stonehouse Large shop front to display products
Pros: Shop front to attract members of the public to purchase products produced large area for work shop Space efficient Accommodation
Cons: Unpractical use of space Doesn’t say anything about the building
Cons: Once again doesn’t say anything about what the building is about No obvious place for accommodation
Cons: Two separate buildings on top of each other that don’t appear to be one complete building
Pros: One building that reflects its function Garden terrace allows for parking and van access bellow to the workshop Simple shapes lead to effective use of site Cons: Junction with the terraced buildings down towards Percy Street
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Figure 5 - Top floor of the design Figure 4 - Raised garden terrace
Figure 6 - 1st and 2nd floors
Figure 7 - Workshop and delivery area
SIMPLICITY ECONOMY HOME A Foyer for Newcastle
DEVELOPMENT
With a concept set for the design it was modelled again this time at 1:100 scale, by also completing a set of plans for this design at this stage it was possible to assess the design and make suitable changes. Establishing that the form of the building was good it came down to refining the layout to make the building more effective. The main changers were that the main entrance was moved to a more central location, this allowed for the lift to go to the second floor, the tutors flat was also brought down to the 1st floor to reduce the amount of circulation in the building.
Ground Floor
1st Floor
2nd Floor
work shop accomodation self contained flat
107
GROUND FLOOR PLAN
1ST FLOOR PLAN
Plant (18m2) Workshop (106m2) Toilets (30m2)
self contained flat (68m2) common room/ kitchenette (62m2) laundry room (10m2) storage room (9.5m2) housekeeping services (5.8m2) disabled access visitor room (16.7m2) terrace (106m2)
SIMPLICITY ECONOMY HOME A Foyer for Newcastle
2ND FLOOR PLAN
7 visitor rooms (Av 18.2m2) terrace (12.6m2)
NORTH ELEVATION - SCALE 1:200
109
SECTION B - SCALE 1:200
SECTION A - SCALE 1:200
SIMPLICITY ECONOMY HOME A Foyer for Newcastle
Second floor bedrooms
Main timber and glass facade
Raised garden terrace with overlooking balcony
First floor tutors flat and living area
Ground floor workshop, delivery area and entrance
111
SIMPLICITY ECONOMY HOME A Foyer for Newcastle
Sedum Roof • • • •
Ipe Hardwood Decking • sistant • •
weather and insect renaturally fire resistant dark in colour
increased insulation good sound insulation introduces micro climate for wildlife helps to filter airborne pollutants
Shrubs and Grasses • • den
grasses and shrubs that don’t require direct sunlight Initial base of hardy buxus, aztec pearl, dwarf rhododron, bay conifers, bamboo
Low-E Toughened Glass • • •
curtain wall to showroom all glass thin coating of metal oxide reduces heat transfer floods the workshop with light
White Insulation Polymer Render Western Red Cedar Cladding • • • •
durable timber naturally resistant to moisture light colour channel profile
• • •
durable finish similar appearance to surrounding buildings good sound insulation
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PRIMARY
SECONDARY
TERTIARY
The primary structure for the building would be a steel frame built around a central staircase and services core and would be sitting on concrete foundations, they would be strip foundations with piles due to the sloped nature of the site.
The secondary structure would consist of floor and roof joists being installed into the frame, each floor would be a suspended floor, including the ground floor due to the slope on the site making a concrete slab floor impractical.
The tertiary structure would include the covering of the floor joists with a suitable board (chipboard or alike) once this is done the light frame can be installed which would make up the walls and support the windows and doors, but wouldn’t be structural.
The steel could be made up from mainly standard beams and columns apart from the shop window frame at the front of the building.
After this is done the walls and roof would be finished to get the building to the stage where services can be installed before the final fit of the building.
DUST EXTRACTION
Dust is extracted from the workshop and stored in plant room, with the use of a multi fuel boiler this can then be used to heat the building, reducing the waste output of building. 7.0m
4.2m
SIMPLICITY ECONOMY HOME A Foyer for Newcastle
3 1 2
4
14
13
4
12 6 5
7 8 9
1 10
11
RIGHT - WALL TO SEDUM ROOF DETAIL (1:10)
2
3 5
LEFT - EXTERNAL WALL SECTION (1:50)
1 2 3 4 5
Roof External Wall Ground Floor Intermediate Floor Foundations
1
Steel Frame
2
100mm Insulation
3
Aluminium Cap
4
DPM
5
Vapour Barrier
6
Vegetation (Sedum)
7
Growing Medium
8
Drainage Layer
9
Hardboard
10
Roof/ Floor Joist
11
Plaster Board
12
Timber Baton
13
Cedar Cladding
14
Thermal Isolator
115
5
6
2
10
5
11 12
8
4
9
7
3 1
LEFT - WINDOW DETAILS RIGHT - WALL TO INTERMEDIATE FLOOR (1:10)
4
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Window Sill Window Head Double Glazing DPM Vapour Barrier Timber Filler Steel Frame Insulation Plaster Board Thermal Isolator Ceder Cladding Timber Baton
SIMPLICITY ECONOMY HOME A Foyer for Newcastle
Solar gain refers to the temperature increase in a building as a result of solar radiation from the sun, solar gain will be evident on the faces of a building that receive sun light, with the south facing facades benefiting most from it and north facade benefiting least. This is the reason why in the northern hemisphere it is good to have more glazing on the south side of the building.
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
Tutors Flat location in Building
HEATING A SPACE
One of the main energy costs of a building is heating, average winter temperatures in Newcastle are bellow 4oC so it will be important for the heating of the flat to be efficient. The factors that effect the cost of heating a space are how much heat loss there will be (how good the insulation is) and the volume of the space, the larger the volume the more it will cost to heat.
This is an area of the flat that is possible to improve, by moving the kitchen and bathroom to the north side of the flat and moving the living space to the south side (see diagrams) it is possible to increase the glazing on the south facade of the flat and as a result increasing the solar gain.
The first aspect to look into is the current position of the tutors flat is ideal, with it being sandwiched between the ground floor and 2nd floor of the foyer, this means that the flat is not exposed to the ground temperature conditions or have heat loss through the roof of the dwelling. The east face of the flat is also shared with the foyer helping to reduce the external wall area and heat loss.
Top. Bottom.
Tutors Flat before changes Tutors Flat after moving kitchen and bathroom
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
POSITION OF FLAT
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
SOLAR GAIN
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
After completing the SAP analysis for the original design of the building it is possible to see what areas need improving, some parts of the design already perform quite well. Its initial improvement percentage of DER over TER was 25% (level 5) which meets current building regulations but some changes can be made to help improve the buildings efficiency.
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
THE INITIAL DESIGN AND ANALYSIS
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
By lowering the ceiling heights from 2.8m to 2.6m the volume of the flat is reduced by almost 8% this will result in a drop in the cost of heating the flat in addition to the efficiency of the flat being improved.
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
117
WINDOWS
EXTERNAL WALLS
The initial design for the building was intended to have standard double glazing, but any glazing on the building is something that greatly reduces the efficiency of the building. You still need to have windows for natural light and solar gain from the sun so as a solution triple glazed windows with insulated frames and improved draft proofing will be used in the building.
The external wall construction of a building is going to be the largest factor that effects how sustainable a building is and what its energy requirements are. Heat loss generally occurs due to cold bridging which is where there is a direct link of a material that is a thermal conductor, and conductance through the wall make up.
Being triple glazed helps to reduce the heat loss from the windows due to a much better U-Value, claimed to be 0.68W/m2K compared to 1.8W/m2K for the standard double glazing in the initial design. The infiltration at the windows can also be reduced as a result of the improved windows. Triple glazing also had the added benefit of increased noise insulation of 43dB which will reduce the traffic noise to a suitable level for the road that runs adjacent to the site. The double external doors leading out onto the terrace will also be made from the same triple glazing as the windows as a improvement of the initial double glazed design.
To improve the external wall performance for the flat the wall construction shall be changed slightly, an extra 100mm of Celotex GA4000 insulation will be added to the external side of the steel frame to ensure that the frame is not exposed to external temperatures, thermal isolators will then be used to attach the cedar cladding to the exterior of the building, Taking these measures should help to insure that cold bridging is almost eliminated. The steel frame will also be mounted on a thermal isolator to ensure cold bridging doesn’t occur where the frame is bolted to the concrete foundations. The wall construction can be seen in the detail drawing of external wall of the flat.
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External wall detail 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
Triple Glazed window with insulated frame
Cedar Cladding Timber Batten Damp Proof Membrane Thermal Isolator Celotex GA4000 Insulation Glass Mineral Wool Insulation Steel Frame Vapour Barrier Plasterboard
0.20W/m2K 0.20W/m2K 0.05W/m2K 0.02W/m2K 0.04W/m2K 50.0W/m2K 0.19W/m2K
Light Steel Frame wall construction with Celotex insulation
SIMPLICITY ECONOMY HOME A Foyer for Newcastle
NEW U-VALUES
With the external wall construction being changed from the original design it is required to re-calculate the U-Values of the wall, to work out the UValue of a wall you need to know the U-Value of the individual components of the wall and the thickness of each of those components, once you know that it is possible to calculate the total value, table 1 shows the values for the revised external wall construction. Allowing for the steel frame in the construction as well it is possible to get a U-Value of 0.13W/m2K with a wall thickness of 400mm. As the windows have their values already stated it is not required to work out the values for them as well, it is possible to just take the quoted value of 0.68W/m2K from the windows data sheet.
Material Material Cedar Cedar Cladding Cladding Cladding Cladding Cavity Cavity Damp proof Damp proof membrane membrane Celotex GA4000 Celotex GA4000 Insulation Insulation Fibre Glass Insulation Fibre Glass Insulation Vapour Vapour barrier barrier Plasterboard Plasterboard
Thickness Thickness (mm) (mm) 25 25 50 50
2 U-Value U-Value (( W/m W/m2K) K) 0.2 0.2
100 100 200 200
0.02 0.02 0.04 0.04
12.5 12.5
0.19 0.19
Thermal conductivity of the external walls Area Area Improvement Improvement DER DER over over TER TER Credits Credits Achieved Achieved Total Total C02 C02 Emissions Emissions Total Total Energy Energy Costs Costs Space Heating Space Heating Fuel Fuel Water Heating Water Heating Fuel Fuel
Value Value 53% 53% 10 10 1201kg 1201kg ÂŁ205.8 ÂŁ205.8 1868kWhr/year 1868kWhr/year 3017kWhr/year 3017kWhr/year
Result of the SAP analysis of the tutors flat
DAYLIGHT
By increasing the insulation on the hot water boiler to 160mm it is possible to reduce the energy lost from heat escaping, in addition by reducing the tank capacity by 10L it is possible for the whole boiler and heating system to be more efficient. With the improved windows and wall construction the infiltration into the building will also be improved as a direct result, this can be added into the SAP analysis to get a more realistic view of the performance of the flat. As the flat is sandwiched between the ground floor workshop and the 2nd floor accommodation for the foyer it is not required to calculate the UValues for either the floor or the roof in the same way as the shared wall on the east side of the flat, the reason for this is due to the being no temperature difference between the flat and the rest of the building so it will have no influence on the performance of the flat.
With the layout being altered so that the kitchen and bathroom are on the north side of the flat it means that the glazing can be increased on the southern side of the flat, as a result there should be ample daylight in the open plan living/dinning room and kitchen, the bedrooms are also all naturally lit with large windows on the south and west faces of the building.
FINAL ENERGY RATINGS
Table 2 shows the results of the SAP analysis after improvements had been made to the design of the tutors flat, the improvement % is up to 53% with the flat achieving 10 credits. The most evident place where improvements have been made however is with the space heating fuel requirement being reduced by over 1000kWh which equates to almost a 40% reduction in energy used to heat the flat. SUSTAINABLE ENERGY To make sure that the building keeps up with ever more demanding requirements for buildings it is important that it is as sustainable as possible, there are several ways possible to improve the sustainability of a building with the most common being solar (photovoltaic and heat exchangers) and also wind. These two sources of energy can be counted out for this building, solar is not suitable due to large amounts of shadowing on the site, wind power can be counted out due to the site being fairly sheltered. Space is often the limiting factor with many methods of sustainable energy. With the site being so small, the roof area also small compared to the volume of the building, this gives little space for many solutions to be applied to the building effectively. To address the sustainable side of the building as a whole, not just the tutors flat, it is important to look at several solutions to work together not just one.
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GROUND SOURCE HEAT PUMP
HEAT RECOVERY
RAIN WATER HARVESTING
RESULT
Heating of a building is usually the greatest energy consumer, so cutting down on the heating requirements of the building is something that should be achieved, one way to do this is by using a ground source heat pump, this works by having a series of hoses placed down a bore hole into the ground, water is then pumped through the hoses and heated up by the natural temperature in the ground. It is only possible to get water to around 30oC so it is most suited to be used in conjunction with under floor heating. As the ground temperature is almost constant throughout the year.
Heat recovery is where a building is mechanically ventilated and with the use of a heat exchange pump it saves as much of the heat as possible, this is done by the exchanger transferring the warmth from the outgoing air to the fresh air that is coming into the building. This helps to waste as little heat as possible, with the energy required to heat the fresh air coming into the building also significantly reduced. With the size of the building this is a suitable way to cut down on the heating requirements of the building.
Rainwater harvesting is one way to cut down on the water consumption of a building, it involves collecting rainwater that falls on the site, filtering it and then storing it until is used, it can be used for uses such as flushing toilets, taps in the foyer workshop, watering the plants when required. It means that drinking water is only used for things that really require it such as washing, cooking, drinking. Rainwater harvesting is suitable for this building due to the fact that the building covers the whole site making it easy to collect.
With the sustainability measures taken it should be possible to cover most of the heating needs for the building, as well as reduced water usage the flat should produce significantly less C02 as well as the energy costs being reduced. Without large scale changes to the building it would be difficult to get the flat much more efficient than has been achieved already, it would require the layout of the whole building to be altered to accommodate thicker walls.
With a average output for a domestic system being 5750kWh it should be possible to cover the heating and hot water requirements for the flat with this system, reducing energy costs and C02 emissions.
Heat Recovery
In addition to using rainwater, water saving utilities could be adopted, it is possible to get toilets, taps and showers that use a much smaller volume of water in comparison to their alternatives. Combining this and the rainwater harvesting should help to hugely reduce the volume of water required. For uses such as flushing toilets, taps in the foyer workshop, watering the plants when required. It means that drinking water is only used for things that really require it such as washing, cooking and drinking.
Ground Source Heat Pump
Rainwater Harvesting
SIMPLICITY ECONOMY HOME A Foyer for Newcastle
Space to Live
A Small House for Newcastle
121-135 Stage 2 Oct 2011
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LOCATION IN UK
LOCATION IN NEWCASTLE
LOCATION IN JESMOND
The site is located in Jesmond a residential suburb in Newcastle upon Tyne in the north east of the UK. Newcastle has good transport links with it being on the East Coast line railway, next to the A1 motorway and its own major airport making it the hub of the northeast.
Jesmond is located just to the north of the city centre and is a largely student and young professional populated area, the site location is at the city end of Jesmond and within 10 minuets walk from the city centre and 500m from the closest metro station.
The site is on a current carpark which runs parallel to Clayton Park Square, to the south of the site is Central Newcastle High School and to the north are the back entrances to the terraced houses of Clayton Park Square
SPACE TO LIVE
A Small House for Jesmond
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SPACE TO LIVE
A Small House for Jesmond
CONCEPT 1
Fitting into the standard style of terraced house shell but with large open windows and large skylights, The use of spaces has been moved around compared to a normal house layout with the bedroom being situated on the ground floor, this has been don’t so that the main living space can be moved upstairs to take advantage of the high ceilings and natural light. A simple front to the house but more experimentation to the rear. Pros: Living space seems large and naturally lit Open plan layout Master bedroom private at back of house Cons: To much space used for circulation Back yard becomes separated from living area
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CONCEPT 2
Bringing the main kitchen-diner area back to the ground floor to try and make use of the back yard a little more, once again looking at lots of natural lighting especially for the bedroom, much closer to a conventional terraced house layout. Pros: Large bedroom and sitting room Yard can me integrated into living space Effective use of space with limited circulation Cons: Bathroom located on the ground floor No natural central core to the house not unique to the client
SPACE TO LIVE
A Small House for Jesmond
CONCEPT 3
With a very reserved front facade to the building you walk through to where it opens up at the back of the house, with the main kitchendiner on the ground floor suited to entertaining, a double height section with the bedroom/ living room to looking over it. The bedroom doubles as the sitting room with the bed turning into the sofa. Pros: Good for entertaining guests multiple use of spaces yard can become part of the house Huge amounts of natural light Cons: Little privacy if guests are in the house wasted space with double height section
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SPACE TO LIVE
A Small House for Jesmond
THE DESIGN
The design is a development of the 3rd design concept, the idea of using the back yard as part of the house remains with the curtain back wall, the idea is that things can be hidden out of site for when entertaining yet still in a suitable location to function effectively. Privacy has been increased with the bedroom being closed in. The front facade of the building is designed to work like polarisation, with the slots letting light through but controlling the light, when in the house and looking out you can see around but from outside the building where the angle is less you cant see into the house in the same way helping to increase privacy. The windows in the bedroom are also designed to control the field of vision, with limited good views from the house. The top of the window is low so that when standing you look down into the yard which is a controlled and attractive space but when lying in bed the top of the window is still high enough to be able to see the sky, keeping the client in touch with the elements outside.
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SPACE TO LIVE
A Small House for Jesmond
GROUND FLOOR - SCALE 1:200
toilet kitchen-diner laundry cupboard bike & bin store yard
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1ST FLOOR - SCALE 1:200
master bedroom en-suit lounge/ spare room
SPACE TO LIVE
A Small House for Jesmond
SECTION - SCALE 1:200
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BIN AND BIKE STORE
HIDDEN DESK
The bin and bike storage is located in the space under the stairs, accessed from the back yard and is hidden behind a large wooden screen, this means that bikes can be kept safe whilst not having to bring them into the house. The wooden screen is weighted like a slash window so the weight is neutral making it effortless to slide up and down to reveal the cupboard, working like a garage door but where space is limited.
With limited space being effective with that space is important. As the client wishes to have a place where they can work and study yet still be able to entertain, the design includes a desk/workstation with space for storage of books and paper work. When they are not working the doors can be closed to hide the desk and junk that might accumulate on the desk.
SPACE TO LIVE
A Small House for Jesmond