WASTE IN THE WORLD: FROM CRISIS TO EXPLOITED WEALTH

The global energy crisis and energy inflation require countries all over the world to study and deal with new methods of obtaining renewable and clean energy. This is in addition to the volume and levels of carbon emissions that the world plans to reduce to prevent global warming. Emissions significantly declined in 2020, which witnessed the start of the corona pandemic, but then harmful emissions started rising again over the past year, precisely before the Russian-Ukrainian war. According to the statistical review of bp for the year 2021, which was issued in the middle of this year, emissions of the energy sector globally rose again by about 5.9% over the past year, to record about 33.88 billion tons of carbon dioxide, compared to a decrease of about 6%.

Currently, an important and profitable industry is booming worldwide, namely the conversion of waste into energy using electricity, heat, biofuel or synthetic fuel production technologies. This conversion does not necessarily imply incineration, since the technology selection process depends heavily on the mix of these wastes. For example, the higher percentage of organic matter and the percentage of moisture in the waste, the lower the incineration efficiency. These newer technologies fall into two categories: thermal and non-thermal, with most burning directly to generate electricity or to produce combustible fuels such as methane, methanol, ethanol, hydrogen and synthetic fuels. Global confidence in these advanced processes is growing as they deliver safe and proven renewable energy while also meeting stringent environmental standards.

From here, we can say that the process of converting waste into electricity represents a global trend that combines meeting the needs for clean energy and optimal disposal of waste, which pushes towards the implementation of the concept of sustainable development. This is due to the increasing demand for electricity, accompanied by the exponential increase in urban populations, and the global trend that aims to reduce carbon emissions in order to combat climate change.

Although Egypt's share of the total volume of emissions does not exceed 0.6%, the Egyptian state is taking serious and rapid steps towards the transition to clean energy. Egypt has in many respects excelled in converting waste into electric energy while benefiting from the economic, environmental, social and tourism returns of this important strategic industry.

In summary, projects using energy from waste achieve several economic and environmental goals, in addition to serving the community, and there are few projects that achieve such goals together. Therefore, producing energy from waste is one of the most important solutions to get rid of environmental pollution and reduce emissions, in addition to producing energy locally. Finally, waste in Egypt in its current form does not constitute a problem or a burden, but it is a huge asset that the Egyptian state deals with using the utmost precision, as the waste management process was managed in the past in a random and unsafe manner.

Dr. Ahmed Sultan Vice-Chairman Energy Committee Cairo Engineers Syndicate

VALUE AND VOLUME OF SHARES TRADED FOR ENERGY & SUPPORT SERVICES SECTOR IN MAY 2023

PERFORMANCE OF PETROLEUM COMPANIES IN THE EGYPTIAN EXCHANGE IN MAY 2023