Synthesis Reactions 1.) Calcium + oxygen à Calcium Oxide 2Ca + O2 à 2CaO
2.) Iron (III) + sulfur à Iron (III) Sulfide 16Fe + 3S8 à 8Fe2S3
3.) Hydrogen + oxygen à Hydrogen Oxide 2H2 + O2 à 2H2O
4.) Aluminum + Bromine à Aluminum Bromide 2Al + 3Br2 à 2AlBr3
5.) Sodium + Iodine à Sodium Iodide 2Na + I2 à 2NaI
6.) Calcium Oxide + water à Calcium Hydroxide CaO + H2O à Ca(OH)2
7.) Chromium (III) + Oxygen à Chromium (III) Oxide 4Cr + 3O2 à 2Cr2O3
8.) Silver + sulfur à Silver Sulfide 16Ag + S8 à 8Ag2S
9.) Magnesium + oxygen à Magnesium Oxide 2Mg + O2 à 2MgO
10.) Sodium + Oxygen à Sodium Oxide 4Na + O2 à 2Na2O
Decomposition Reactions 1.) Iron (III) Oxide à Iron (III) + oxygen 2Fe2O3 à 4Fe + 3O2
2.) Barium Hydroxide à Barium Oxide + water Ba(OH)2 à BaO + H2O
3.) Magnesium Chlorate à Magnesium Chloride + oxygen Mg3(ClO)2 à MgCl2 + 3O2
4.) Potassium Carbonate à Potassium Oxide + Carbon Dioxide K2(CO3) à K2O + CO2
5.) Magnesium Hydroxide à Magnesium Oxide + water Mg(OH)2 à MgO + H2O
6.) Silver Chloride à Silver + Chlorine 2AgCl à 2Ag + Cl2
7.) Strontium Chlorate à Strontium Chloride + oxygen Sr(ClO3)2 à SrCl2 + O2
8.) Magnesium Carbonate à Magnesium oxide + carbon dioxide MgCO3 à MgO + CO2
9.) Aluminum Chlorate à Aluminum Chloride + oxygen 2Al(ClO3)3 à 2AlCl3 + 9O2
10.) Beryllium Hydroxide à Beryllium oxide + water Be(OH)2 à BeO + H2O
Single Replacement Reactions 1.) Silver Nitrate + Nickel à Nickel (II) Nitrate + silver 2AgNO3 + Ni à Ni (NO3)2 + 2Ag
2.) Aluminum Bromide + Chlorine à Aluminum Chloride + Bromine 2AlBr3 + 3Cl2 à 2AlCl2 + 3Br2
3.) Sodium Iodide + Bromine à Sodium Bromide + Iodine 2Na I + Br2 à 2NaBr + I2
4.) Calcium + Hydrochloric acid à Calcium Chloride + Hydrogen Ca + 2HCl à CaCl2 + H2
5.) Magnesium + Nitric Acid à Magnesium Nitrate + Hydrogen Mg + 2HNO3 à Mg(NO3)2 + H2
6.) Potassium + water à Potassium Hydroxide + Hydrogen 2K + 2H2O à 2KOH + H2
7.) Zinc + Magnesium Chloride à No Reaction Zn + MgCl2 à No Reaction
8.) Aluminum + water à Aluminum Oxide + Hydrogen 2Al + 3H2O à Al2O3 + 3H2
9.) Potassium Iodide + Bromine à Potassium Bromide + Iodine 2K I + Br2 à 2KBr + I2
10.) Magnesium + Cobalt (II) Nitrate à Magnesium Nitrate + Cobalt (III) Mg + Co(NO3)2 à Mg(NO3)2 + Co
Double Replacement Reactions 1.)
Silver Nitrate + Hydrochloric acid à Silver Chloride + Nitric acid AgNO3 + HCl à HNO3 + AgCl
2.) Copper (II) Chloride + Sodium Sulfide à Copper (II) Sulfide + Sodium Chloride CuCl2 + Na2S à CuS + 2NaCl
3.) Iron (II) Sulfide + Hydrochloric acid à Iron (II) Chloride + Hydrogen Sulfide FeS + 2HCl à FeCl2 + H2S
4.) Sulfuric acid + Potassium Hydroxide à Hydrogen Hydroxide + Hydrogen Sulfide H2SO4 + 2KOH à 2H(OH) + K2SO4
5.) Nitric acid + Calcium Hydroxide à Calcium Nitrate + water 2HNO3 + Ca(OH)2 à Ca(NO3)2 + 2H2O
6.) Lithium Hydroxide + Iron (III) Nitrate à Lithium Nitrate + Iron (III) Hydroxide 7.)
3LiOH + Fe(NO3)3 à LiNO3 + Fe(OH)3
Lead (II) Acetate + Hydrogen Sulfide à Lead (II) Sulfide + Hydrogen Acetate Pb(CH3COO)2 + H2S à PbS + 2HCH3COO
8.) Aluminum Iodide + Mercury (II) Chloride à Mercury (II) + Aluminum Chloride Iodide 9.)
2Al I3 + 3HgCl2 à 3HgI2 + 2AlCl3
Calcium Acetate + Sodium Carbonate à Calcium Carbonate + Sodium Acetate Ca(CH3OO)2 +NaCO3 à Ca(CO3)2 + 2NaCH3COO
10.) Ammonium Chloride + Mercury (I) Acetate à Ammonium Acetate + Mercury Chloride NH4Cl2 + HgCH3COO à NH4CH3COO + HgCl
Stoichiometry Problem Types Problem Type #1: Mol à Mol 1.) 2Na + 2H2O 2NaOH + H2 Analyze Given: 4 mol H2 Unknown: mol Na Plan Mol H2 x mol Na = mol Na mol H2 Compute 4.0 mol H2 x 2 mol Na = 8.0 mol Na 1 mol H2 Evaluate Units √ Sig Figs √ Reasonable: Because answer is 2x the given √ 2.) 2LiBr + Cl2 2LiCl + Br2 Analyze Given: 0.046 mol LiBr Unknown: mol LiCl Plan Mol LiBr x mol LiCl = mol LiCl mol LiBr Compute 0.046 mol LiBr x 2 mol LiCl = 0.046 mol LiCl 2 mol LiBr
Evaluate Units √ Sig Figs √ Reasonable: Because answer is multiplied by 1 which gives us the same number as given √ 3.) 4Li + O2 2Li2O Analyze Given: 2 mol Li Unknown: mol Li2O Plan Mol Li x mol Li2O = mol Li2O mol Li Compute 2 mol Li x 2 mol Li2O = 1 mol Li2O 4 mol Li Evaluate Units √ Sig Figs √ Reasonable: Because answer is one half the given √ 4.) 2H2O2 2H2O + O2 Analyze Given: 5.0 mol H2O2 Unknown: mol O2 Plan Mol H2O2 x mol O2 = mol O2 mol H2O2 Compute 5.0 mol H2O2 x 1 mol O2 = 2.5 mol O2 2 mol H2O2
Evaluate Units √ Sig Figs √ Reasonable: Because answer is one half the given √ 5.) 2NH3 + H2SO4 (NH4)2SO4 Analyze Given: 30.0 mol NH3 Unknown: mol (NH4)2SO4 Plan Mol NH3 x mol (NH4)2SO4 = mol (NH4)2SO4 mol NH3 Compute 30.0 mol NH3 x 1 mol (NH4)2SO4 = 15.0 mol (NH4)2SO4 2 mol NH3 Evaluate Units √ Sig Figs √ Reasonable: Because answer is one half the given √ Problem Type #2: Mol à Mass 1.) 2NaN3 3N2 + 2Na Analyze Given: .500 mol NaN3 Unknown: mass (g) N2 Plan Mol NaN3 x mol N2 x mass (g) N2 = mass (g) N2 mol NaN3 mol N2
Compute .500 mol NaN3 x 3 mol N2 x 28.02 g N2 = 21.0 g N2 2 mol NaN3 1 mol N2 Evaluate Units √ Sig Figs √ Reasonable: √ 2.) SiO2 + 3C SiC + 2CO Analyze Given: 2.00 mol C Unknown: mass (g) SiC Plan Mol C x mol SiC mol C
x mass (g) SiC = mass (g) SiC mol SiC
Compute 2.00 mol C x 1 mol SiC 3 mol C
x 40.1 g SiC = 26.7 g SiC 1 mol SiC
Evaluate Units √ Sig Figs √ Reasonable: √ 3.) 2ZnO + C 2Zn + CO2 Analyze Given: 5.00 mol C Unknown: mass (g) ZnO Plan Mol C x mol ZnO mol C
x mass (g) ZnO = mass (g) ZnO mol ZnO
Compute 5.00 mol C x 2 mol ZnO 1 mol C
x 81.38 g ZnO = 813.0 g ZnO 1 mol ZnO
Evaluate Units √ Sig Figs √ Reasonable: Because answer is about 10x the mass of ZnO √ 4.) Fe2O3 + 2Al 2Fe + Al2O3 Analyze Given: 0.905 mol Al2O3 Unknown: mass (g) Fe Plan Mol Al2O3 x mol Fe x mass (g) Fe = mass (g) Fe mol Al2O3 1 mol Fe Compute 0.905 mol Al2O3 x 2 mol Fe x 55.8 g Fe = 101 g Fe 1 mol Al2O3 1 mol Fe Evaluate Units √ Sig Figs √ Reasonable: √ 5.) 2N2 + O2 + 4H2O 2NH4NO3 Analyze Given: 7.35 mol H2O Unknown: mass (g) NH4NO3 Plan Mol H2O x mol NH4NO3 mol H2O
x mass (g) NH4NO3 = mass (g) NH4NO3 1 mol NH4NO3
Compute 7.35 mol H2O x 2 mol NH4NO3 4 mol H2O
x 77.36 g NH4NO3 = 294 g NH4NO3 1 mol NH4NO3
Evaluate Units √ Sig Figs √ Reasonable: √ Problem Type #3: Mass à Mol 1.) 4NH3 + 5O2 4NO + 6H2O Analyze Given: 824 NH3 Unknown: mol NO Plan g NH3 x mol NH3 x mol NO = mol NO g NH3 mol NH3 Compute 824 g NH3 x 1 mol NH3 x 4 mol NO = 48.4 mol NO 17.04 g NH3 4 mol NH3 Evaluate Units √ Sig Figs √ Reasonable: As mass NH3 increases the mols of NO should also increase√ 2.) 2NaCl + 2H2O 2NaOH + Cl2 + H2 Analyze Given: 250 NaCl Unknown: mol Cl2
Plan g NaCl x mol NaCl x mol Cl2 = mol Cl2 g NaCl mol NaCl Compute 250 g NaCl x 1 mol NaCl x 1 mol Cl2 = 2.14 mol Cl2 58.44 g NaCl 2 mol NaCl Evaluate Units √ Sig Figs √ Reasonable: √ 3.) Fe2O3 + 3CO 2Fe + 3CO2 Analyze Given: 4.00 kg Fe2O3 Unknown: mol CO Plan kg Fe2O3 x 1000 g x mol Fe2O3 x mol CO = mol CO 1 kg g Fe2O3 mol Fe2O3 Compute 4.00 kg Fe2O3 x 1000 g x 1 mol Fe2O3 x 3 mol CO = 75.1 mol CO 1 kg 159.7 g Fe2O3 1 mol Fe2O3 Evaluate Units √ Sig Figs √ Reasonable: √ 4.) H2SO3 + 2NaHCO3 2CO2 + Na2SO4 + 2H2O Analyze Given: 150.0 g H2SO4 Unknown: mol NaHCO3
Plan g H2SO4 x mol H2SO4 x mol NaHCO3 = mol NaHCO3 g H2SO4 mol H2SO4 Compute 150.0 g H2SO4 x 1 mol H2SO4 x 2 mol NaHCO3 = 3.058 mol NaHCO3 48.08 g H2SO4 1 mol H2SO4 Evaluate Units √ Sig Figs √ Reasonable: √ 5.) Fe2O3 + 2Al 2Fe + Al2O3 Analyze Given: 99.0 g Al Unknown: mol Fe2O3 Plan g Al x mol Al x mol Fe2O3 = mol Fe2O3 g Al mol Al Compute 99.0 g Al x 1 mol Al x 1 mol Fe2O3 = 1.83 mol Fe2O3 26.98 g Al 2 mol Al Evaluate Units √ Sig Figs √ Reasonable: √ Problem Type #4: Mass à Mass 1.) Sn + 2 HF SnF2 + H2
Analyze Given: 30.00 g HF Unknown: g SnF2 Plan g HF x mol HF x mol SnF2 x g SnF2 = g SnF2 g HF mol HF mol SnF2 Compute 30.00 g HF x 1 mol HF x 1 mol SnF2 x 156.71 g SnF2 = 117.5 g SnF2 20.01 g HF 2 mol HF 1 mol SnF2 Evaluate Units √ Sig Figs √ Reasonable: √ 2.) 2Na2O2 + 2H2O 4NaOH + O2 Analyze Given: 50.0 g Na2O2 Unknown: g O2 Plan g Na2O2 x mol Na2O2 x mol O2 x g O2 = g O2 g Na2O2 mol Na2O2 mol O2 Compute 50.0 g Na2O2 x 1 mol Na2O2 x 1 mol O2 x 31.98 g O2 = 10.3 g O2 77.96 g Na2O2 2 mol Na2O2 1 mol O2 Evaluate Units √ Sig Figs √ Reasonable: √
3.) N2 + 3H2 2NH3 Analyze Given: 1.40 g N2 Unknown: g H2 Plan g N2 x mol N2 x mol H2 x g H2 = g H2 g N2 mol N2 mol H2 Compute 1.40 g N2 x 1 mol N2 x 3 mol H2 x 2.02 g H2 = .303 g H2 28.02 g N2 1 mol N2 1 mol H2 Evaluate Units √ Sig Figs √ Reasonable: √ 4.) C3H7COOH + CH3OH C3H7COOCH3 + H2O Analyze Given: 52.5 g C3H7COOH Unknown: g C3H7COOCH3 Plan g C3H7COOH x mol C3H7COOH x mol C3H7COOCH3 x g C3H7COOCH3 = g C3H7COOCH3 g C3H7COOH mol C3H7COOH mol C3H7COOCH3 Compute 52.5 g C3H7COOH x 1 mol C3H7COOH x 1 mol C3H7COOCH3 x 103. 14 g C3H7COOCH3 = 88.1 g C3H7COOH 1 mol C3H7COOH 1 mol C3H7COOCH3 60.9 g C3H7COOCH3 Evaluate Units √ Sig Figs √ Reasonable: √
5.) LiOH + HBr LiBr + H2O Analyze Given: 10.0 g LiOH Unknown: g LiBr Plan g LiOH x mol LiOH x mol LiBr x g LiBr = g LiBr g LiOH mol LiOH mol LiBr Compute 10.0 g LiOH x 1 mol LiOH x 1 mol LiBr x 86.84 g LiBr = 36.3 g LiBr 23.94 g LiOH 1 mol LiOH 1 mol LiBr Evaluate Units √ Sig Figs √ Reasonable: √
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