RFID Security
RFID – What is? •
Radio Frequency Identification or RFID is an automatic identification method using radio signals, retrieving and storing data remotely using devices called RFID tags.
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A label is a RFID tag or transponder, small object that can be placed on a person, animal, equipment, or product packaging, among others. Contain silicon chips and antennas that allows you to answer to radio signals sent from a base transmitter. In addition to passive tags, which answer to the signal sent by the base transmitter, there are semipassive tags and active, endowed with battery, which allows them to send the signal itself. They are much more expensive than passive tags.
RFID – Technology •
Technology that enables data communications through labels with chips or transponders transmitting information from passing through an induction field. (Commonly used in tolls “nonstop”).
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RFID - uses transponders (which can be only read or read and written) in the products as an alternative to bar codes, to enable the product ID at some distance from the scanner or out of position.
RFID – Application in People • • • • • •
Smartcards; Keychain with integrated transponder; Labels for mobilie phone; Watch bracelets (frequent use); Single use bracelets; Electronic tickets for access events.
RFID – Application in Animals • • • • •
Transponders encapsulated into glass; Designed to be introduced into Animals; Allow the automatic reading of the passage trough the gantry by located antennas in the areas of animals movement; Watch bracelets (frequent use); Single use bracelets;
RFID – Application in Equipments • • • • • •
Labels applied with adhesive ultra-resistant, screw or flush mount; Applicable to metal surfaces, plastic or glass; Dynamic Traceability; Permanent inventory; Automatic alarms for circulation outside the permitted areas; Equipment’s circulation.
RFID – Application in Package/Product • • • •
Labels for packaging with the possibility of printing; “Nails” for pallets; Specific labels for plastic packaging; Bumper boxes or packaged products;
In other words, a transponder with a shape for each application and need
RFID – Benefits • • • • • • • • • •
It’s not required for it to be visible to read off; It’s not required a specific orientation or a specified reader face; It’s not required manually assisted reading; Available for readings from different ranges and needs; RFID tags are available with different memory capacity and size. Multiple written possibility in RFID tags; The information can be edited and located; Possibility of multiple reading tags at a time (Bulk reading); RFID tag can be used as a portable database; There are suitable tags for rough environments (apllying in metal for high temperature, water use, …)
RFID – Pratical Cases Education – Identification and Location A transponder fixed on the uniform of the school or a colored wristband, allow an unequivocal identification of its user. Is possible to configure an access system to sound an alarm when a person passes through a specific area and is not carrying a transponder.
APPLICATION EXAMPLES: • • • • •
Registration and access control at entrance and exit; Registration services (bar, cafeteria, canteen); Register for access to restricted areas in the school (library, computer rooms, etc..). Frequency control extracurricular activities; Assigning a similar device to the family allowed to take and/or seek the child to the establishment;
RFID – Pratical Cases Education – School Transportation The student is carrying a transponder that identifies it. The bus driver is carrying a mobile device for reading the identifier of the student.
THIS MOBILE EQUIPMENT CAN: • •
Show the driver the name and photo of the child; Save the registration for control purposes (use) and frequency (control costs / revenues);
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Transmitted by GSM each reading and updating a website on the internet: a) Monitoring by parents; b) Monitoring by school;
RFID – Pratical Cases Education – School Transportation APPLICATION EXAMPLES: • • •
Registration of the use of school transportation and debt of the same; Registration and use of the frequency for each student; At study visits, at each stop, carry on counting and identification of present and absent by name;
RFID – Pratical Cases Libraries • •
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RFID is the latest technology to be used in libraries. Unlike the old fashioned EM (Electro-Mechanical) and RF (Radio Frequency) systems, which have been used in libraries for decades, RFID based systems provide more security and efficient for the tracking of materials throughout the library, including easier and faster Check-in and Check-out, inventorying, and materials handling. Thanks to the RFID technology all material can be handled without exception. Even Videos and DVDs can be tagged and identified. The RFID technology provides an almost 100 percent detection rate. There is no false alarm once an RFID system is properly tuned.
RFID – Pratical Cases Libraries - BENEFITS •
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High-speed inventory including identify items which are out of proper order. RFID technology provides the possibility to scan books on the shelves without removing them just by using a proper handheld inventory reader; Fast Check-in / Check-Out with fast stack reading and automatic book drops; Robbery detection hanks to the Long Range reading capabilities of the RFID equipment with extra-wide exit gates. The corridors at the building exits can be up to 1 meter wide; Tag long life and high reliability.
RFID – Pratical Cases Access Control •
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Access Control is a system which enables an authority to control access to areas in a given physical facilities. An access control point, which can be a door, turnstile, parking gate, elevator or other physical barrier where granting access can be controlled using RFID technology; Data security is generally very high using RFID technology. It also reduces the possibility of duplicating credentials; A RFID based Access Control reader does not usually make an access decision but send a card number to an Access Control panel that verifies the number against an access list; The typical RFID tag is a RFID based contactless smartcard, key fob, wristband or smartphone sticker;
RFID – Pratical Cases Health Care – Asset Tracking •
Access Control is a system which enables an authority to control access to areas in a given physical facilities. An access control point, which can be a door, turnstile, parking gate, elevator or other physical barrier where granting access can be controlled using RFID technology;
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The RFID can be used for multiple purposes, when applied a transponder in a valuable equipment, a critical or scarce equipment, ensure the following possibilities: a) Identification; b) Tracking and Location; c) Prevention robbery;
RFID – Pratical Cases Health Care – Asset Tracking • • •
The supply sector in receipt of equipment can immediately apply a transponder and make its registration database, enabling it; Control point detection zones at strategic locations throughout the facility allow the user to define and monitor logical zones; You can also cross the user with the equipment, assigning responsibilities in the use.
RFID – Pratical Cases Health Care – People Movement Users, visitors or companions can be accredited to: • • • •
Allowing people access only to areas authorized; Managing capacity and occupation of space; In emergency circumstances, you can see online how many people are inside and exactly in which areas; Tracking and location.
The example concerns the health sector but in fact applies to all public or private high traffic businesses, schools, fairs and exhibitions, theme parks, places of entertainment, etc.
RFID – Pratical Cases Events Management •
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The large flow of public in some locations leads some additional difficulties with the validation of access permission and ensure that this validation is done in a fastm effective and safe mode. Additionally, within the premises, the type and profile of users can be more quickly identified if they are carriers of a device with colour (bracelets) or identification card on lapel or neck; The RFID identification device are available in different materials, which makes them suitable for the following cases: a) Musical Events (Single or multiple ingress days) b) Leisure Parks (aquatic or several); c) Sport Events (athletes identification, team elements or VIP); d) SPA’s and Gymnasiums;
RFID – Pratical Cases Residual Management •
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With costs rising in the waste management process, RFID is enabling cities and municipalities to reliably identify individual receptacles and can create incentive based on recycling programs that accurately reward customers for the amount they recycle, while minimizing the overall amount of trash. By automating the collection of all waste, RFID can assure that individual bins have been collected, providing verification of service. In addition this information can be used to optimize truck usage and routes. Processes can be streamlined and more accurate. A properly designed rugged RFID tag is attached to the waste bins. It contains all user/owner information; An RFID reader/antenna embedded into the truck captures the tag IDs of each waste bin. The data collected from the RFID tags can be linked with a time stamp, type of container, weight of the container, and customer information. The data can be either sent to a host computer using wireless protocols or the data can also be stored in the truck’s onboard computer and later transferred to a central waste management system for data processing.
RFID – Pratical Cases Services – Rent-a-car •
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The number and vehicles in the park, deliveries in extended hours, locations without the physical presence of people, and the need to ensure an actual recording of the moment and the movement (person and vehicle) needs make these suitable for RFID; Each vehicle may be equipped with a passive device (passive tag) and a circulation zone with long range reader suitable for mounting on the outside; When a vehicle tries to enter or leave the park system, the tag, validates this authorization in a database access. It is also possible to assign identification cards to special users for them to move freely;
APPLICATION EXAMPLES: • • •
Rent-a-car; Companies fleets; Special Handling Equipment (rental);
RFID – Pratical Cases Services – Laundry •
Identification textile and ratings in industrial laundry processes can be greatly enhanced through RFID by attaching RFID tags to tiny clothes, uniforms, bedsheets or carpets;
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The ID property is well defined and tags may be reused. So, advantages for industrial laundries are significant: a) Faster garment identification; b) Automatic sorting and error-free processing c) Reduced manual labor and long lasting solutions; • •
The amortization factor of RFID systems in industrial laundry applications is very high. It all begins with an RFID tag attached to a garment or linen. Tags are programmed with a unique ID number that can be read and processed. RFID tagged garments can be read while stored in bags or racked on hanger bundles.
RFID – Pratical Cases Logistics, Containers Management • • • •
RFID-based asset management optimizes inventory management, as well as service and maintenance functions; There are several available information, with the asset, which help to control and optimize a process chain; The user can instantly determine the general location of tagged assets anywhere within a facility or abroad, if the movements of entry and exit are also controlled by the same system; Asset management based on RFID traceability allows a continuous and available at all times;
APPLICATION EXAMPLES: • • •
Coding returnable packaging; Marking of storage locals for package recording / physical location; Motion control FIFO / LIFO;
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