Column • Archives’ Alcove
Century-old Lessons Echo for Retired Scientist
32 The Messenger • May 2020
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cross Manitoba, faith groups are getting serious [March 27] about the need to temporarily shutter religious services to prevent the spread of the novel coronavirus. Instead of gathering in churches, synagogues, mosques, temples, gurdwaras and other places of worship, people are gathering online. This will go a long way towards flattening the COVID-19 case number curve—and also help by John Longhurst prevent what happened to Mennonites in southern Manitoba during the 1918-19 Spanish flu John Longhurst pandemic. is a Winnipeg During that terrible time, when as many as journalist of long 50 million people died worldwide and 55,000 standing. He is in Canada, members of Mennonite churches in a graduate of that part of the province died at double the rate MBBC and the U. of the rest of the population, retired Steinbach of W. This article microbiologist Glen Klassen found in his 2008 first appeared in research on the disease’s impact. Klassen’s interthe Winnipeg Free est in the topic was sparked by his involvement Press and is used in the 2007 Faith Community Pandemic Summit with permission. at Canadian Mennonite University in Winnipeg, which he helped organize. The summit—which was sponsored by the International Centre for Infectious Diseases, Mennonite Disaster Service, Salvation Army, Christian Reformed Church and various other groups—was to help faith groups prepare for the next such global health emergency. According to Klassen, who taught microbiology at the University of Manitoba, it is thought around 60 per cent of Mennonites in the Hanover area (which includes Steinbach) got sick in 1918-19. There were roughly 60 fluDr. Glen Klasrelated deaths in the rural municipality—a sen, the retired higher rate than in other nearby municipalities microbiologist and with smaller non-Mennonite populations. professor interA similar high death rate was found in viewed here, is a other RMs with high numbers of Mennonites, founding memsuch as Stanley (Winkler), Rhineland (Altona) ber of Fort Garry and Morris, Klassen said. "They died at twice EMC and has a the rate of non-Mennonites within the same long history with municipality and between municipalities," he the EMC. This said this week, noting the finding was conarticle is published firmed by later research by Vanessa Quiring of with the approval the University of Winnipeg. of the Archives Committee.
While there is no definite reason for the higher Mennonite numbers, one theory is based on how they maintained regular church-going habits. “There was very little social distancing until it was too late," Klassen said. Compounding the problem, he noted, was some Mennonite church services moved around from village to village, meaning people went to church in different places and with different groups each time. "They met a different combination of people at each event," said Klassen. Added to this was the "constant visiting between relatives from many locales," such as Sunday faspa, a late afternoon lunch and visit held after church in various homes. They were "promiscuous in their socializing," Klassen said of how the desire to maintain community contributed to the spread of the flu virus. Other contributing factors included strained relations between Mennonites and the Manitoba government over registration for military service during the First World War, and over control of schooling—factors that may have made them more suspicious of government warnings about the pandemic. There was also a tendency among the community to see the sickness as an act of God that couldn’t be avoided, or as a sign of God’s displeasure and judgment. "Some said, ‘The Lord is speaking to us harshly,’" Klassen said. For Klassen, who attends Grace Mennonite Church in Steinbach, the experience of Mennonites a century ago confirms the importance of social distancing and the need to close religious services during the time of COVID-19. "Until we get a vaccine, we will have to do everything we can to prevent deaths," he said.
