245460474 zte optional feature description by Emerson Rodrigues Setim

UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description Version V1.20

Date 2012/04/24

Author ZTE

Reviewer

Notes Not open to the third party

© 2012 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved. ZTE CONFIDENTIAL: This document contains proprietary information of ZTE and is not to be disclosed or used without the prior written permission of ZTE. Due to update and improvement of ZTE products and technologies, information in this document is subjected to change without notice.

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

FIGURES Figure 2-3

Handover from UMTS to GERAN ....................................................................... 8

Figure 2-4

Handover from GERAN to UMTS ....................................................................... 9

Figure 2-5

Handover from UMTS to GSM .......................................................................... 10

Figure 2-6

Handover from GSM to UMTS .......................................................................... 11

Figure 2-7

Procedure of CS Fallback to UMTS via redirection for RRC IDLE state ............ 13

Figure 2-8 Procedure of CS Fallback to UMTS via redirection for RRC CONNECTED state ............................................................................................................................................. 14 Figure 2-9

Procedure of CS Fallback to UMTS via PS Handover....................................... 15

Figure 2-10

UTRAN to E-UTRAN Inter RAT HO ................................................................ 16

Figure 2-11

E-UTRAN to UTRAN Inter RAT HO ................................................................ 17

Figure 2-13

Video Call Fall-Back to Voice.......................................................................... 21

Figure 2-14

Protocol structure for Iu-pc interface ............................................................... 23

Figure 2-15

Networking diagram of Iu-pc connection ......................................................... 24

Figure 2-17

RNC in Pool for Node Redundancy ................................................................ 27

Figure 3-6

Interfaces Isolation of IP port ............................................................................ 33

Figure 3-7

Operators Isolation of IP port ............................................................................ 33

Figure 3-8

VLAN Tag ......................................................................................................... 34

Figure 3-9

PPP/MLPPP Protocol Stack ............................................................................. 41

Figure 3-10

Application of IEEE 1588 Clock Synchronization ............................................ 45

Figure 4-1

16 QAM Constellation Graph ............................................................................ 57

Figure 7-1

Basic Principle of 2×2 MIMO Technical Solution ............................................. 113

Figure 7-2

VAM Option with MIMO .................................................................................. 115

TABLES Table 4-1

HSDPA UE Category Supported by ZTE current version ................................... 47

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

Table 6-1

HSUPA UE Category Supported by ZTE ........................................................... 83

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

Services and Radio Access Bearers

1.1

ZWF21-02-020 WB-AMR Speech Support Benefits This feature can provide high quality of voice which makes the voice more natural, and provide high quality telephone, voice and conference video services. Description AMR-WB, which is the abbreviation of Adaptive Multi-Rate Wideband, is a wideband voice coding standard adopted by both ITU-T and 3GPP. It is also called G722.2 standard. Since AMR-WB supports 50~7000Hz speech bandwidth and employs 16KHz sampling, compared with 300 to 400Hz speech bandwidth and 8KHz sampling supported by AMR-NB, users can feel the voice more natural, more comfortable and more distinguishable. ZTE RAN equipment supports all the nine speech rates of WB-AMR sessions, which are 23.85Kbps, 23.05Kbps, 19.85Kbps, 18.25Kbps, 15.85Kbps, 14.25Kbps, 12.65Kbps, 8.85Kbps, and 6.6Kbps, together with the mute rate 1.75 Kbps. The feature also supports any combination of the above rates. Whether WB-AMR coding is used and what rates to be used are decided by CN according to user’s signing information and the terminal capability. The RAB parameters of ZTE RAN equipment, used to bear sessions of AMR-WB service, follow the definition in the 3GPP TS 34.108. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

1.2

Mobility Management

1.2.1

ZWF21-03-012 Transmitted Power Based Handover Benefits This feature is used to guarantee user’s communication quality, avoid the interference to other users, and optimize the system capacity. Description This feature contains two handover types: HO based on uplink transmitting power and HO based on downlink transmitting power. In the real network, there may exist such a scenario: the quality of pilot signal hasn’t reached the threshold which can trigger the coverage based handover, but UE’s uplink transmitting power or Node B’s downlink transmitting power has already reached a high degree as a result of the interference or the different coverage scope between the service channel and the pilot signal channel. In that case, increasing transmitting power can’t guarantee UE’s QoS. To avoid the interference to other users, it is necessary to hand over UE to other cell. ZTE RNC equipment detects uplink transmitting power reported from UE or downlink transmitting power reported from Node B. Once the transmitting power is higher than a certain threshold (configured as close to the maximum transmitting power allowed in usual), RNC can automatically initiate inter-frequency or inter-system measurement to let UE hand over to an inter-frequency or inter-system cell which has better quality. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

1.2.2

ZWF21-03-021 Hierarchical Cell Structures Benefits This feature supports building hierarchical cell coverage in areas with high subscriber density to realize higher system capacity, more efficient mobility management and more efficient radio resource management (RRM) strategy. Description The hierarchical cell structure (HCS) describes a wireless system in which cells of at least two layers (such as macro cells and micro cells) are overlaid. Macro cells provide continuous coverage, whereas micro cells absorb traffic. In general, different cells use different frequencies. Low-mobility and high-rate UEs should camp on micro cells, while high-mobility and low-rate UEs should camp on macro cells as much as possible so as to reduce handover and improve the spectral efficiency and system capacity. The essential aim of HCS is to improve network capacity and QoS. The feature supports informing the UE whether the cell adopts HCS networking, which priority level is chosen in HCS cell (the range is from 0 to 7, 0 is the lowest, and 7 is the highest), and the reselection parameters in other cells in cell system information broadcast so that the UE can camp on micro cell to absorb more traffic according to cell reselection algorithm which is defined in 3GPP TS 25.304. This feature also supports the detecting of user’s moving speed by RNC through monitoring the number of times that UE changes its best cell in a certain period. If the number is larger than a threshold, it is reasonable to consider the UE is at a high speed. At this moment, once the UE is connected with a micro cell which uses HCS architecture, RNC will automatically hand over it to an HCS Marco cell to reduce the handovers. On the other hand, if the number of times is smaller than a threshold, it is reasonable to consider the UE is static. At this moment, once UE is connected with a macro cell which uses HCS architecture, RNC will initiate inter-frequency measurement. In the case that micro cell can supply a better coverage, RNC will hand over the UE to an HCS micro cell to absorb traffic and thus the capacity of the network is enhanced. Introduced Version U9.1&Before

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

Enhancement No

1.2.3

ZWF21-03-023 Inter-RAT PS Handover Benefits This feature shortens the PS service interruption when there is a handover between inter-RAT adjacent cells. With this feature, PS service continuity is enhanced, especially for real-time packet service with higher QoS requirements. User experience gets improved. Description Cell reselection procedure is usually executed when UE is moving between GERAN and UTRAN. But this makes the PS service interruption last for a long time, which will definitely affect user experience. Inter-RAT PS handover is applicable for a UE in Cell_DCH state. The procedure of Inter-RAT PS handover is just like the CS service inter-RAT handover. The message flow of inter-RAT PS handover is shown as below, with message within CN omitted:

Figure 1-1 UE

Handover from UMTS to GERAN Node B

RNC

PS CN

RANAP

Relocation Required

RANAP BSSMAP

RRC

Handover from UTRAN Command （PS handover）

RANAP

Relocation Command

BSC

BSSMAP

PS Handover Request PS Handover Request ACK

BSSMAP BSSMAP

RANAP

RRC First correctly received RLC/MAC block (XID Resp., RAU req. or Cell Update) BSSMAP Iu Release Command RANAP RANAP Iu Release Complete RANAP RANAP

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PS Handover Complete BSSMAP

UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

Figure 1-2

Handover from GERAN to UMTS

Node B

RNC

PS CN

Relocation Request Relocation RANAP Request ACK RANAP

RANAP RANAP

PS Handover BSSMAP Required Ack

PS Handover Command

RRC

BSC

PS Handover Required BSSMAP BSSMAP

Handover to UTRAN Complete

RANAP RRC RANAP

Relocation Detect Relocation Complete

BSSMAP RR

RANAP

RANAP BSSMAP BSSMAP

Clear Command Clear Complete

BSSMAP BSSMAP

Compared with the cell reselection, inter-RAT PS handover decreases both interruption of data transmission and packet loss rate. And it provides better user experience of real-time PS service with higher QoS requirements in inter-RAT moving. Inter-RAT PS handover is not applicable unless UTRAN, GERAN, CN and UE all support it. Otherwise, either NACC or normal cell change order will be used for PS service to access an inter-RAT adjacent cell. Introduced Version U9.2 Enhancement No

1.2.4

ZWF21-03-024 DTM Handover Benefits This feature guarantees the CS service continuity combined with PS service during Inter-RAT moving. It improves user experience. Description

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

When a user is establishing CS service and PS service simultaneously and moving between inter-RAT adjacent cells, CS service and PS service are handed over to inter-RAT cell in parallel via DTM (Dual Transfer Mode) mechanism. The message flow of DTM handover is shown as below, without the message within CN:

Figure 1-3

Handover from UMTS to GSM

RNC RANAP

CS CN Relocation Req uired

BSC

RANAP BSSMAP

RANAP

PS CN

Hando ver Request B SSMAP

Relocation Required

RANAP PS Handover Request

BSSM AP

Handover Request Ack

BSSMAP

RANAP

RRC

Han dover f rom UTRAN Command

BSSMAP

Relocation Command

RANAP

( L3 information : DTM handover Comma nd)

Relocatio n Command RRC

RANAP

(Target BSS to Source BSS Transpatent container: DTM handove r Command)

( DTM handover Comma nd)

Hando ver Detect

BSSMAP

Handover

BSSMAP RR

PS Hando ver Request Ack

BSSMAP

Detect

7 . Handover Complete

BSSMAP BSSMAP RR

BSSMAP I u Release Command RANAP

Handover Complete

BSSMAP RANAP

I u Release Co mplete RANAP

RANAP Iu Release Co mmand RANAP

RANAP Iu Release Complete RANAP

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RANAP

PS Handover Comp lete

BSSMAP

UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

Figure 1-4

Handover from GSM to UMTS

RNC

CS CN

PS CN Handover Required

BSSMAP RANAP

Relocation Request

RANAP RANAP

RANAP

BSSMAP

Relocation Request

RANAP Relocation R equest Ack.

BSC

PS Handover Required

B SSMAP

BSSMAP

R ANAP

RANAP

Relocation R equest Ack.

R ANAP BSSMAP

Handover Command

BSSMAP

BSSMAP PS Handover Required Ack

BSSMAP

DTM Handover Command

RR RANAP

Relocation Detect

RANAP

Relocation Detect

RANAP RANAP

Handover to UTRAN Complete RRC

R RC RANAP RANAP

Relocation Complete

RANAP

Relocation Complete R ANAP

Without DTM handover, for CS service and PS service in parallel, PS service does not access inter-RAT cell until CS service completes handover to inter-RAT cell. Obviously, DTM handover improves inter-RAT handover performance of PS service when CS service and PS service are in parallel. It also improves user experience. DTM handover is applicable when both UMTS system and GSM system support DTM handover, and UE supports PS service inter-RAT handover. Introduced Version U9.2 Enhancement No

1.2.5

ZWF21-03-026 Target cell Load based inter-RAT HO Benefits

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

This feature increases the success rate of inter-RAT handover and decreases the call drop rate in inter-RAT handover between UMTS system and GSM system, which improves user satisfaction. Description Without this feature, the load of target cell is not considered in the inter-RAT handover. When the load of a target cell is high, inter-RAT handover is easy to fail or the quality of service in the target system cannot get guaranteed. The Target cell Load based inter-RAT HO enables the RNC, via an Iu connection or an Iur-g connection, to get load information of GSM adjacent cell, or transfer load information of UMTS adjacent cell to GSM system. The RNC selects a GSM adjacent cell with lower load as target cell to perform handover to the GSM system. When an Iur-g connection works normally between an RNC and a BSC, the Iur-g is preferred to be used to exchange load information. Otherwise, the load information is exchanged in relocation procedure via the Iu connection. RNC will periodically update the load of adjacent GSM cells, to guarantee the availability and correctness of adjacent cell’s load information. This feature is applicable when the UTRAN, Core Network, GSM network and UE all support it. Introduced Version U9.2 Enhancement None

1.2.6

ZWF21-03-101 CS Fallback from LTE support Benefits Voice is a basic service in mobile network. However IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) is required for LTE network to provide voice. It is impossible to deploy IMS and LTE

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

network simultaneously for all operators. When LTE network is incapable of voice, voice call is still provided to user camping in LTE network via CS Fallback. Description CS Fallback to UMTS is to provide voice service via UMTS network for user camping in LTE network without voice capability. There are two ways for E-UTRAN triggering a UE to perform CS Fallback to UMTS. One is redirection. When UE originates or terminals a voice call in LTE network, E-UTRAN notes the UE redirect to UMTS in RRC Release message. Then UE should back to RRC IDLE state and perform cell reselection to UMTS carrier indicated in RRC Release message. When UE selects a UMTS cell and camps successfully, UE request voice call connection with UMTS network. In order to accelerate UE reselection to UMTS and reduce duration of voice call establishment, system information of UMTS cell, which is the target during CS Fallback, can be included in RRC Release message by E-UTRAN in 3GPP R9. It requires UTRAN support providing system information to E-UTRAN via core network. Both UE in RRC IDLE state and UE in RRC CONNECTED are allowed to be Fallback to UMTS via redirection.

Figure 1-5 Procedure of CS Fallback to UMTS via redirection for RRC IDLE state

MME

eNodeB

Case: Mobile Terminal

Paging

paging

RRC Connection Voice Service Request CS Fallback Indicator Redirect to UMTS Fallback to UMTS (Reselect UMTS cell)

RRC Connection Voice Service Request or Paging Response Voice Call Establishment

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RNC

MSC

UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

Figure 1-6 Procedure of CS Fallback to UMTS via redirection for RRC CONNECTED state

MME

eNodeB

RNC

MSC

Data Service Ongoing

Case: Mobile Terminal CS Paging Notification

Voice Service Request CS Fallback Indicator Redirect to UMTS

Fallback to UMTS (Reselect UMTS cell)

RRC Connection

Voice Service Request or Paging response Voice Call Establishment

Another is PS handover. If UE has established a data connection, it can be fallback to UMTS via PS handover. It means in case of such UE request voice call, E-UTRAN sends handover request for data to core network. It triggers UTRAN allocates resource for the data. After E-UTRAN receives successful response from core network, it sends Handover from E-UTRAN Command in air to UE. When UE access to UTRAN via PS connection, it initials voice connection request.

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

Figure 1-7 Procedure of CS Fallback to UMTS via PS Handover UE

eNodeB

MME

RNC

SGSN

MSC

Data Service Ongoing

Case: Mobile Terminal CS Paging Notification

Voice Service Request

Handover Prepare Handover from EUTRAN to UTRAN Fallback to UMTS (Establish SRB and PS Traffic RB) Handover Complete Handover Complete

Voice Service Request or Paging response Data Service Ongoing Voice Call Establishment

Only when both UE and network supporting data service handover from E-UTRAN and UTRAN, UE with data service connection in E-UTRAN is handover to UTRAN during CS Fallback. Otherwise, UE is required to release RRC connection by E-UTRAN, and back to IDLE, then reselects to UTRAN. CS Fallback also requires UE, core network, and E-UTRAN supporting it. During CS Fallback, user does not aware of the procedure. Introduced Version UR11.2 Enhancement No.

1.2.7

ZWF21-03-110 Handover with LTE Benefits

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

This feature guarantees PS service continuous when user moving between UMTS coverage and LTE coverage. Description When a PS service user leaves LTE network to UMTS network, PS service handover from LTE to UMTS is needed to keep service connectivity continuity. The handover is initialized via relocation required from E-UTRAN to core network. When UTRAN receives relocation request, it allocates resource for the UE and waits for UE accessing. For a LTE-capable UE is ongoing PS service in UMTS and enters the coverage of LTE, it is recommended to handover to LTE for high bit rate service experience in LTE. UTRAN initials relocation required message to core network to start handover. When UTRAN receives relocation command message, it informs the UE handover to E-UTRAN neighbor. Signal flow for PS service handover form UTRAN to E-UTRAN is shown in the figures below.

Figure 1-8

UTRAN to E-UTRAN Inter RAT HO Source

Target

Source

Target

RNC

eNodeB

SGSN

MME

Handover Initiation Relocation Required Forward Relocation Request Handover request Handover Request Acknowledge Forward Relocation Response Relocation Command Handover from UTRAN Command E-UTRAN access procedure Handover to E-UTRAN Complete Handover Notify Forward Relocation Complete Notification Forward Relocation Complete Acknowledge Iu Release Command Iu Release Complete

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

Signal flow for PS service handover form E-UTRAN to UTRAN is shown in the figures below.

Figure 1-9 E-UTRAN to UTRAN Inter RAT HO UE

Source

Target

Source

Target

eNodeB

RNC

MME

SGSN

Handover Initiation Handover Required Forward Relocation Request Relocation Request Relocation Request Acknowledge Forward Relocation Response Handover Command Handover from E-UTRAN Command UTRAN access procedure Handover to UTRAN Complete Relocation Complete Forward Relocation Complete Notification Forward Relocation Complete Acknowledge Release Resource

This feature includes dual direction handover between UMTS and LTE, and it is applied in only PS service scenario. When Both TDD LTE coverage and FDD LTE coverage are exist in same area, UTRAN filters E-UTRAN neighbor cell of measurement in dedicated mode according to UE capability, for example just FDD E-UTRAN carrier is sent for UE with only FDD LTE capability. Introduced Version UR11.2

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

1.3

Radio Resource Management

1.3.1

ZWF21-04-005 AMR Rate Controlling Benefits This feature supports the dynamic AMR adaptation according to the uplink transmission power of the UE or the downlink transmission power of the base station. And in case of an admission failure or a handover failure, the AMR rate is also adjusted to guarantee that maximal services can access the system. It is useful for increasing the number of voice users in the system and enhancing the coverage of a voice service in the case of the radio link quality degrading. Description In the UMTS system, the radio environment between UE and a base station always changes. When a UE is far away from the base station or the radio environment degrades, the base station or the UE will transmit at a higher power under the action of the closed-loop power control in order to guarantee the QoS of the AMR service. The power change and the power increase at this time may result in a sharp increase of the power and further deterioration of the radio environment. Even when the power is increased to the maximum value, QoS requirements of service cannot be satisfied. As a result, the system capacity will decrease. ZTE RAN monitors the uplink transmission power of the UE reported by internal measurement or the downlink transmission power of a Node B reported by dedicated measurement. When the uplink or downlink transmission power rises to a certain threshold, the RNC will automatically adjust this user's AMR to reduce the power necessary for service. That is, a conversation is most probably kept at the cost of reducing voice quality. When the radio environment between the UE and the base station is good and the transmission power of the base station or the UE decreases to a certain threshold, AMR can be increased to provide users with better voice quality as long as other users' feeling and system performance are not affected. When a cell has high downlink load and uplink load, which is evaluated by means of the downlink transmission power and the uplink interference respectively, ZTE RAN can

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

lighten the cell load by reducing the AMR of some low-priority users. In this way, more users can be accommodated. Considering the call quality of the AMR service, ZTE RAN always allocates the highest bit rate supported by the AMR call and the system resource correspondingly. When the system is congested, an AMR call, which requests a new establishment or handover to access the current cell, is refused to access the system. At the moment, ZTE RAN decreases the allocated bit rate of the AMR call to reduce the required resource. It makes it easier for the AMR call to access the system. At the same time, congestion control (pls refer to feature ZWF21-04-010 Congestion Control) is triggered to recover the system from congestion. Consequently, the success rate of AMR call establishment is increased and the user satisfaction is improved. If the load of a cell is a little bit higher, the bit rate of voice call (including NB-AMR and WB-AMR) is allowed to be restricted. It means a low bit rate is assigned to voice call. Some area such as stadium is crowed sometimes. So when RAN detects the load of cells belonging to these area getting higher than the pre-defined threshold, RAN restricts the AMR voice call to a level to ensure more users accessible. The actual AMR coding rates which can be adjusted by the RNC must belong to the AMR code set configured for users by the CN during the call establishment. The voice quality with low-rate AMR coding is not as good as that with high-rate AMR coding, but low-rate AMR coding has higher capacity (number of users) and wider coverage than high-rate AMR coding. Analysis of simulation result shows that there is about 30% coverage radius gain when the lowest AMR (4.75Kbps) instead of the highest AMR (12.2Kbps) is used. When the lowest AMR is used, a cell will accommodate twice as many users as those when the highest AMR is used. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement This feature supports AMR rate adjusting in case of admission failure or handover failure in release U9.2. In release U9.3, the restriction to voice call bit rate based on cell load is introduced.

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

1.4

QoS Guarantee

1.4.1

ZWF21-05-016 Video Call Prohibited in Specific Area Benefits This feature enables the system to suspend the video call service for a specific cell. Description The UMTS network provides the video call service. In some areas with security control or areas with privacy protected, the video call service is prohibited and it is necessary to suspend the service in the network layer. This feature provides service suspension parameters for each cell through the NMS. Through the feature, the system can suspend specified services for specified cells. After a service is suspended in an area, if the user initiates the service, the RNC indicates RAB setup failure for the CN during the service setup process. If a connection has been set up for a service, it is prohibited to hand over the service to the area where the service is prohibited. If the CN and the UE support the feature, when the video call service is set up or is handed over to the area where the service is closed, the RNC may roll back the video call service into a common voice service. In this case, it is necessary to configure the function ZWF21-05-024 video call fallback to voice call. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

1.4.2

ZWF21-05-024 Video Call Fallback to Speech Benefits The GSM system does not support the CS video call defined by the 3GPP. When a user moves from the UMTS system to the GSM system, this feature can automatically make

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

the video call fall back to the voice service, and then implement the inter-system handover, thus reducing the call drop rate of the video call service. Description In the initial network construction, the UMTS system usually cannot provide complete coverage. If the GSM adjacent cells exist at the edge of the UMTS network or areas with poor UMTS coverage, it is necessary to switch the user from the UMTS to the GSM system so that the services can be provided continuously.

Figure 1-10 Video Call Fall-Back to Voice

Node B Serving RNS

Serving RNC

RANAP

RANAP NBAP NBAP NBAP

1. RAB Modification Request RANAP 2. RAB Assignment Request RANAP [Modification]

3. Radio Link Reconfiguration Prepare NBAP 4. Radio Link Reconfiguration Ready NBAP 5. Radio Link Reconfiguration Commit

NBAP

6. DCCH: Radio Bearer Reconfiguration

RRC RRC

RRC 7. DCCH: Radio Bearer Reconfiguration Complete

RRC RANAP

8. RAB Assignment Response RANAP

The video call service, as a special feature in UMTS system, has been applied extensively. But the GSM system cannot provide the video call service. As a result, the video call service in the UMTS network cannot be switched to the GSM system. If the video call service has to be switched to the GSM system, it may be interrupted forcedly. This feature enables the system to roll back from the video call service to AMR service and then implement handover from the 3G system to the 2G system, thus ensuring the continuity of the voice service. The implementation of the feature requires the cooperation from the CN and UEs that support the SCUDIF function. Introduced Version

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

U9.1&Before Enhancement No

1.5

Location Service

1.5.1

ZWF21-10-003 Emergency Call Re-direct to GSM Benefits If location service is not provided in UMTS system, or accuracy of location service in UMTS system is not high, this feature makes use of location service in 2G network to give the location information of a user in an emergency call. With the location information, emergency assistance could be provided in time by some rescue organization. Description Emergency call is always requested by a user in certain emergency situations. If the location of a user in emergency is identified, assistance would be provided without delay. When location service is not provided in UMTS system or the accuracy of location service in UMTS system is not high, UMTS system redirects emergency call to 2G network. Then the location of the user is got via 2G network’s location service. When the Flag related to Emergency Call Re-direct to GSM is on, if a UE transfers RRC CONNECTION REQUEST message with a cause of Emergency Call, and the cell where the message is received has more than one co-located GSM adjacent cell, ZTE RAN responds RRC CONNECTION REJECT message with the co-located GSM cell information to the UE. Then the UE performs inter-RAT cell reselecting to the GSM cell and makes an emergency call again. User does not feel the procedure of re-direction to GSM, and it seems that the emergency call is launched in GSM network originally. Introduced Version U9.2

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

Enhancement No

1.5.2

ZWF21-10-008 Iu-pc Support Benefits A SAS (Stand-Along SMLC) can be connected to RNC with Iu-pc interface. It enables LCS deployment and maintains in entire network without depending on a single RNC. Description Iu-pc interface is a standard interface specification in 3GPP. The protocol structure of Iu-pc is showing in figure below.

Figure 1-11 Protocol structure for Iu-pc interface

Radio Network Layer

PCAP

Transport Network User Plane

Transport Network Layer

SCCP MTP3-B

M3UA

SSCF-NNI SSCF-NNI SSCF-NNI

SCTP

SSCOP

AAL5 ATM

Data Link

Physical Layer

Iu-pc interface is used to connect a RNC to a SAS (Stand-Along SMLC), as the following figure showing.

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

Figure 1-12

Networking diagram of Iu-pc connection

When ZTE RNC is connected to a SAS with Iu-pc interface, LCS is working in SAS-centric mode. The method for location, GPS assistant data providing and location calculating is in SAS. RNC transmits location request and offer LCS measurement report to SAS, as well as transfers location data to CN. In SAS-centric mode, RNC supports Cell ID with/without RTT and AGPS methods. It means RNC is able to initial measurement for these LCS methods. Introduced Version UR11.2 Enhancement No

1.6

RAN Management

1.6.1

ZWF21-20-017 Intelligent Carrier Power Off/On Benefits

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

This feature enables the system to close some carrier frequencies in the multi-carrier sector when the traffic volume is very low, thus reducing power consumption of equipments and the operator's OPEX. Description The load of the telecom system varies greatly within a day. During peak traffic hours in the daytime, the system needs multiple carrier frequencies (for example, S333) to carry services; at night, one carrier frequency (S111) is enough. When the traffic volume is very low, the system still uses multiple carrier frequencies to carry services. Though the load of each carrier frequency is not very high, each carrier frequency needs common channels such as the pilot channel. The power of the common channels covers 20% of the transmitting power of the overall carrier frequencies. With Intelligent Carrier Power off/on feature, RAN monitors traffic status. When the traffic volume of a carrier is relatively low, the RAN can automatically close it. There are two methods to evaluate traffic volume. One is based on user number in connected mode. If the number of user in connected mode in a carrier is below a pre-defined threshold, the carrier could be closed. Another is to taken service QoS into account. If all online service of a carrier can be borne in other carriers in the same sector, then the carrier could be closed. In this case, GBR for real-time service and a minimal bit rate for non real-time service are considered when RAN checks the resource allocation in other carrier. Applicable time period of this function could be defined, only when carrier could be powered off intelligently. If RAN finds that the traffic volume increases to such a threshold that the current working carrier frequencies cannot handle the extra services, it open the closed carrier frequencies. When the traffic volume is very low and it is necessary to close some carriers, RAN gradually reduce the maximum transmitting power of a cell until the RF units on the redundant carrier frequencies are switched off. In this way, online service in the cell being switched off can be handover to neighboring inter-frequency cells or neighboring intra-frequency cells.

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement In release UR11.2, traffic volume is evaluated to make decision of intelligent carrier power off or power on.

1.7

Enhanced RAN Functionality

1.7.1

ZWF21-30-206 RNC in Pool for Node Redundancy Benefits This feature provides RNC level backup to avoid single node failure problem in network and improve whole network reliability. Description A number of ZTE RNCs are able to compose a pool. When one RNC breaks down due to some reasons, for example disaster or power outage, and cannot recover for a certain period, Node Bs controlled by this RNC could be switched to other RNCs in the pool. Pooling protection rather than one to one protection can save a lot of cost of reserved backup hardware. Normally when dimensioning of RNC capacity, some margin hardware processing resource should be considered for potential burst traffic in network even higher than estimated peak. Actually the margin process capability also could be used for RNC level node backup purpose if this feature is applied. From Node B point of view, each Node B connects to two RNCs. One is primary RNC who provides management and service connection in normal state. Another is backup RNC who only provides management and service connection in abnormal situation of primary RNC. Each RNC has necessary parameters of this Node B. Each Node B keeps monitoring connection status to its primary RNC. If the connection breaks down for a certain time, while network services also are not available, Node B considers its primary

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

RNC faulty and automatically switches connection to its backup RNC. After switching, Node B will be able to provide service again.

Figure 1-13

RNC in Pool for Node Redundancy

Core Network

RNC in Pool RNC 2

Node B Group 1

RNC n

RNC 1

Node B Group 2

Node B Group 3

All Node Bs controlled by a RNC can be divided into several groups. A group of Node Bs connects to the same backup RNC. Different groups of Node Bs connect to different backup RNC. Each RNC in the pool could be as the role of backup RNC of other RNCs in the pool. Therefore capacity of one RNC can be distributed to other RNCs. All RNCs together protect failure of any one RNC among them. This feature needs all IP transmission on mobile backhaul. And parameters in backup RNCs for Node Bs of other RNCs should be prepared ready in advance. For reduction of complexity of network planning, not all but some groups of Node Bs in priority area could be picked out to be protected with connection to two RNCs. Introduced Version UR11.2, only two RNCs can be in one pool. Enhancement No

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

Transport Network Functionality

2.1

ZWF22-03-A IP UTRAN PACKAGE

2.1.1

ZWF22-03-001 IP Transmission Stack Benefits Instead of ATM, IP is used as the transmission protocol inside the UTRAN or between the UTRAN and the CN, to meet the rapid increasing requirements on traffic because of the introduction of HSPA and rapid development of data service. Description The IP can be deployed as the replacement of ATM transmission protocol in UTRAN network in the 3GPP R5 standard. To ensure the reliable transmission of No. 7 signaling in IP network with the QoS guarantee, 3GPP recommends that the transport layer of radio network control plane adopts Sigtran protocol cluster. The Sigtran protocol cluster referred in IP UTRAN includes the Stream Control Transport Protocol (SCTP) and MTP3 User Adaptation layer (M3UA). In the transport layer of radio network user plane, for Iu-PS interface data transport adopts GTP-U protocol over UDP, for Iu-CS interface data transport adopts RTP/RTCP protocol, while only SR of RTCP is used to cooperate with peering CN for the purpose of RTP transmission monitoring, for Iub and Iur interface data transport adopts UDP protocol directly. ZTE RAN equipment supports the full IP protocol stack on Iub, Iur, IuCS and IuPS interfaces. IP transmission can be deployed independently on each kind of interface. For planning of IP address of radio layer, ZTE RNC usually use different IP for control plane and use plane. While in control plane or user plane, the same IP could be used for Iu, Iur and Iub interface to save IP address resource if necessary, or different IP could be used for different interface to adapt transmission strategy, which is the insulation of convergence layer and access layer or different domain. Either same or different IP could be used in ZTE Node B for control plane and use plane of Iub interface.

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement In U9.3, ZTE RNC support to set different IP for Iu, Iur and Iub interfaces in user plane. In U9.3, ZTE RNC supports MTU up to 1620, including MAC and PPP.

2.1.2

ZWF22-03-002 Static Route Benefits This feature supports configuring IP route information of the UTRAN by OMC. Description The static route is the route information configured by the network administrator manually. When the network topology structure is changed, the network administrator should modify the related static route information in the route table manually. The static route information is private by default, and will not be sent to other routers. In the planning of IP RAN network, the network topology is usually simple and the static route is sufficient to meet the requirements. The static route modes which ZTE supports are as follows: −

Direct route generated automatically by interface IP address If the IP address and mask are configured for IP interface board of RNC equipment, the system will generate automatically a direct route for the corresponding sub-net of the interface IP.

−

Static route based on next-hop IP address The static route of next-hop IP address can be configured manually by OMCR. Each static route supports several next hops.

−

Static route based on IP UNNUMBER

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

The configuration of the static route can be configured manually by OMCR based on IP UNNUMBER technology which does not require the network interface to bind the IP address, but use an existing network interface IP to generate the route. This configuration of static route is applicable only to the P2P links. Its main advantage is to save IP address resources. Therefore, it is very applicable for IP over ATM and IP over E1/T1 of lub interface. ZTE RAN equipment can configure different priority for each next-hop path. The load sharing of IP path is fulfilled based on priority between more next hops while packets are sent by route. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

2.1.3

ZWF22-03-003 DHCP Benefits This feature supports all-IP networking mode with the IP address of Node B dynamically assigned through DHCP protocol, manual configuration of static IP address no longer essential, which reduces the workload of operation & maintenance. Description For IP transmission over Ethernet between RNC and Node B, or IP transmission over E1/T1 through PPP/MLPP, the RNC needs to dynamically assign IP address through the DHCP while Node B starts, which can be used to transfer both operation & maintenance data and the control plane and user plane data on Iub interface. ZTE RAN equipment supports the DHCP procedure following the definition in the RFC2131 and RFC1542, which can be divided into three principal parts: Server, Client (defined in the RFC2131) and Relay (defined in the RFC1542). DHCP Server is used to allocate IP address of DHCP Client and configure local equipment. If DHCP Server and

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

Client are not in the same subnet, DHCP Relay is needed to transfer messages between Server and Client. Node B is always used as DHCP Client when DHCP is applied in UNRAN, then DHCP Server may be other PC or RNC which supports it. If Node B and PC or RNC used as DHCP Server are not in the same subnet, the router in the transmission network is needed to support DHCP Server function. For IP transmission over E1/T1 which is low rate link through PPP/MLPP, ZTE RNC equipment can be used as DHCP Server to dynamically allocate IP address of Node B. When Ethernet is used for IP transmission between RNC and Node B, ZTE RNC supports DHCP Server function to allocate IP address for Node B, or acts as DHCP relay to aggregate L2 physical link in front of DHCP server. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement In U9.2, RNC supports DHCP Server and DHCP Relay function when Ethernet is used for IP transmission.

2.1.4

ZWF22-03-005 IP Traffic Shaping Benefits When service throughput of one interface or port is overabundant, IP traffic shaping can be used to shape the different services of this interface or port to protect it from congestion, which helps to improve network utilization rate, system efficiency and QoS. Description When IP UTRAN is adopted in RNC, there is data transmission from Iub to Iu and from Iu to Iub, also including Iur interface; besides, there may be synchronously transmitted data, signaling and O&M information, which should be differentiated. When IP packets from one interface or one port are overabundant and they cannot be transmitted from the other interface or port, RNC is required to control the service QoS by definite congestion

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

control algorithm. This function provides IP traffic shaping based on priority queue mechanism. Provide IP traffic shaping to different service of IP ports in transmission, mainly provide excellent priority-based queue forwarding mechanism, and realize fair Weighted Round Robin (WRR) scheduling, which enables the traffic with higher weight to have more chances to be scheduled than lower-weight traffic, thus providing different control to different services. Introduced Version U9.3 Enhancement None

2.1.5

ZWF22-03-006 IP Routing and Forwarding Benefits This feature provides flexible IP networking capability with high security to isolate Iu, Iub and Iur interfaces or to isolate these interfaces belonging to different operators in RAN sharing scenario. Description ZTE RNC equipment is based on all-IP switching platform, which is related to the feature of ZWF22-01-001 IP Switching Platform. This all-IP switching platform is able to not only transfer traffic date from Iu, Iub and Iur interfaces, but also compose all IP interface boards of one RNC into one routing domain and share a global routing table which is either static configuration in RNC or dynamically derived from OSPF function. Therefore RNC can work as a whole L3 IP router. So that RNC can be used to transfer scantling data to other network nodes, for example O&M data from Node B to OMC server or Abis interfaces from BTS to BSC, via Iub transmission. VRF, Virtual Routing and Forwarding, is also provided by ZTE RNC for flexible IP networking with security. VRF is a technology that allows multiple instances of a routing

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

table to co-exist within the same router at the same time, differentiated by VPN ID. Because the routing instances are independent, the same IP port can be divided to different logical ports connecting to different IP networks.

Figure 2-1 Interfaces Isolation of IP port

Node B

VPN2

UP+CP VLAN2

Router

RNC VLAN3

VPN3

UP+CP

VRF is useful when different interfaces share the same physical IP interface ports but with L3 isolation among different interfaces.

Figure 2-2

Operators Isolation of IP port Operator A Network

CN1

VPN2

UP+CP VLAN2

Router

RNC VLAN3

CN2

VPN3

UP+CP Operator B Network

VRF is also useful when different operators share the same physical IP interface ports but with L3 isolation among different operators. Introduced Version UR11.2 Enhancement No

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

2.1.6

ZWF22-03-011 VLAN for Node B Benefits This feature supports dividing Node Bs and other equipments in the same physical network into different logic network (Virtual Local Area Network, VLAN). In this way, the packet is restricted to save transmission bandwidth, and the system security is enhanced. Description ZTE Node B supports VLAN function which complies with IEEE 802.1Q standards. The common Ethernet frame can become the Ethernet frame supporting 802.1Q by adding 4 bytes, which is as follows:

Figure 2-3 VLAN Tag

Type

Data

CRC

S tan da rd Et he rne t Fr am e

tag

Type

Data

CRC

TCI TPID (0x8100)

Priority (4bits)

CFI (1bit)

VLAN ID (12bits)

Et her ne t Fr ame w it h I EE 8E 0 2. 1Q T ag

Tag Protocol Identifier (TPID), 802.1Q tag identifier, with a value of 0x8100

Tag Control Information (TCI), including: −

VLAN Identified (VLAN ID): 12 bit ID which indicates the VLAN to which each packet belongs.

−

Canonical Format Indicator (CFI):1bit which partitions the frame structure when the bus Ethernet exchanges data with FDDI or token ring network.

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

−

Priority: 3bits, meets the COS definition in IEEE 802.1P criterion; the higher the value is, the higher the priority of the frame is. 0 indicates the lowest priority.

The different VLANs can be divided by VLAN tag in the same physical network; the interconnection between VLANs is available only by routing or other means, instead of direct interconnection. In this way, the broadcast packet is restricted in VLAN domain, the bandwidth is saved, and the domain security is enhanced. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

2.1.7

ZWF22-03-012 VLAN for RNC Benefits This feature supports dividing RNCs and other equipments in the same physical network into different logic network (Virtual Local Area Network, VLAN). In this way, the packets are restricted to save transmission bandwidth, and the system security is enhanced. Description The ZTE RNC supports division of VLANs in compliance with the IEEE 802.1Q and 802.1P. Each Ethernet interface of RNC can have multiple sub-interfaces, with each sub-interface corresponding to a VLAN. When receiving a packet with VLAN tag, RNC can identify the sub-interface to which the packet belongs according to the VLAN ID. When sending a packet, it identifies the ID of the sub-interface of the peer end NE through route query, marking the VLAN ID corresponding to the sub-interface, puts packets in a transmission queue according to the COS in the header of the packet. The packet with the highest priority will be transmitted first. Introduced Version

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

U9.1&Before Enhancement No

2.1.8

ZWF22-03-014 IP Header Compression Benefits This feature can be used to reduce the consumption of IP headers and improve the utilization ratio of transmission bandwidth. Description In IP transmission, the user plane data between NEs are mainly carried in UDP packets. Each user plane data packet will include the overheads of network layer, herein referred to as the overheads of IP and UDP headers with a total of 28 bytes (20 bytes for the IP header, 8 bytes for the UDP header). These overheads will do harm to the transmission efficiency of the link with the low rate packet (such as the IP over E1). ZTE RAN equipment supports an IP header compression method defined in RFC2507, efficiently reducing the IP and UDP header overheads of each packet and improving the transmission efficiency. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

2.1.9

ZWF22-03-015 DiffServ Benefits This feature provides differentiated handling priority for different service classes, to ensure the QoS of different service classes.

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

Description ZTE RAN equipment supports the DiffServ (Differentiated Services) technology defined in IETF RFC2474 and RFC2475. Messages of different service on Iu/Iur/Iub interface have been marked with different DSCP values in IP header, which can provide the QoS guaranteed and the priority differentiation. DSCP (Differential Service Code Point) has 6 bits, redefining the TOS field of IPV4, it is renamed DS and carries the information required by IP packet service. Technically, it is a three layer technology without low-layer transmission technology involved. DiffServ categorizes QoS service requirements by two mechanisms: DS mark and Per-Hop-Behavior (PHB). Some different service levels are generated by processing different marks of a packet DS field and PHB definition based on DS fields. ZTE RAN equipment configures each service with corresponding DSCP value on OMCR based on its type, the metering, packet loss, and shaping functions are implemented by queuing and scheduling mechanism based on the DSCP service hierarchy, so the definition of the QoS classes in wireless network layer can be mapped to the transmission network layer. ZTE RAN equipment marks the DSCP of each service in the bearing IP packet. Network elements, such as a router with MPLS function, examines the value of the DSCP field along the transmission path and classifies the service levels. So the IP QoS function based on DiffServ is accomplished together with the IP bearer network and the UTRAN architecture. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

2.1.10

ZWF22-03-017 QoS based Route Benefits

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

This feature supports setting different IP transmission paths for different services based on service type. For different services, different QoS levels are provided, and the transmission cost is saved. Description For all-IP networking, taking the transmission network cost as well as provided QoS level into account, the operator can set different transmission paths for different services. ZTE supports three QoS-based IP route transmission scenarios: −

Real-time services are carried by IP over E1, while the non-real-time services are carried by Ethernet.

−

Different services use different GE/FE ports and pass through different transport networks.

−

Services are isolated by setting VLANs with different priorities for different services.

The data service with the requirement of low real-time and high transport bandwidth is carried on the transmission network with low QoS and lower cost. The service with high real-time requirement such as voice is carried on the higher cost transmission network with guaranteed QoS. In this way, the transmission cost can be minimized. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

2.1.11

ZWF22-03-018 IP Fast Reroute Benefits This feature provides the functions including the rapid detection and the protection of IP route, decreasing the influence on real-time service (such as the voice service) due to IP transmission failure and handover.

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

Description The IP network does not have intermittent fault recovery function for the sub-second level, while the traditional route structure has limited fault detection capability on the real-time applications (such as the voice service). The requirements on fast fault detection and correction function are getting stricter due to the application of the IP voice and other real-time services. It is critical to prevent the route network from long-time interruption. ZTE RAN equipment supports BFD (Bidirectional Forwarding Detection) technology, which makes it possible to detect errors in forwarding path in a very short period and trigger the switch to standby route or transmission channel by monitoring the availability of transmission paths which correspond to each next-hop in the static route in real time. So the troubleshooting time can be reduced to less than a second. ZTE RAN equipment also supports IP route fault detection and switching based on ICMP and 802.3ah, which will be useful if BFD cannot be applied because of some limit of backhaul. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement Node B supports BFD based IP fast reroute in UR11.1 release. In UR11.2, new methods of IP route fault detection and switching based on ICMP and 802.3ah are supported.

2.1.12

ZWF22-03-021 Transmission SLA Monitoring Benefits This feature enables to diagnosis and test IP transmission network to get to know the QoS indexes ,such as time delay, jittering, and response time. Description

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

ZTE RNC supports the SLA detection function. By exchanging the ECHO and REPLY packets of the SLA between base stations, ZTE RNC can detect the performance indexes (time delay, jittering, packet loss rate, bandwidth, and throughput) of the IP transmission channel in Iub, Iur and Iu interfaces. The SLA detection adopts a tunneling technology. ZTE RNC can encapsulate the detection packets into the ICMP or UDP packets (depending on the attributes of the device in the commercial network). −

It supports SLA test between ZTE RNC and ZTE Node B, and it adopts UDP packets and ICMP packets.

−

It supports SLA test between ZTE RNC and other manufacturers’ CN, RNC and Node B, and it adopts ICMP packets.

−

ZTE RNC supports SLA test between intermediate routers, and adopts ICMP packets.

The SLA detection of ZTE RNC supports instant test and performance test. Through the instant test, ZTE RNC can conduct a single SLA test for a specified object (the IP address of a Node B); through the performance test, ZTE RNC can configure a test task and conduct consecutive SLA tests for a specified object. In the instant test, ZTE RNC can configure the SLA message forwarding rate and packet length through the test task and test the transmission bandwidth of the IP channel. However, the test is destructive and may cause loss of normal service data. Therefore, the measurement parameters must be configured carefully. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

2.2

Optional Transmission Interfaces

2.2.1

ZWF22-03-051 IP over E1 Benefits This feature supports IP over E1, conveniently fulfilling all-IP networking of UTRAN with existing low rate E1 link. Description The E1 physical interface complies with ITU-T G.703 standard. The allowed jitter of the physical interface complies with ITU-T G.823 standard. The structure of the frame which is transferred over the E1 interface complies with the ITU-T G.704 standard. The E1 has 32 timeslots numbered 0 to 31. Where, timeslot 0 is used to carry the synchronization information of the clock, and timeslot 16 for carrying the control signals (also transferring information signals if necessary). If out-of-band common channel signaling (CCS) is adopted, the timeslot 16 don’t need to transfer signaling, it can also carry data. Other timeslots can carry data. ZTE uses the 31 timeslots to transfer data. An E1 supports the physical bandwidth of 1984 kbps.

Figure 2-4 PPP/MLPPP Protocol Stack

IP MLPPP/MCPPP PPP PPP HDLC HDLC E1

PPP HDLC

ZTE RAN equipment supports IP over E1 by PPP and ML/MC-PPP protocol, the protocol stacks are described in Figure 3-11. PPP protocol processing complies with RFC1661 and RFC1332 criterion, MLPPP processing complies with the RFC1990 criterion, and the MCPPP processing complies with the RFC 2686 criterion. MLPPP can integrate multiple PPP low rate links into one high rate link. MCPPP supports up to 4 classes of priority (0~3, class 0 is the highest priority and class 3 is the

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

lowest one). MCPPP can guarantee the preferential processing for high priority service in narrowband link. When there are many low rate links, no matter PPP or MLPPP, the protocol can be set at the OMC. In MLPPP mode, which links to group an MLPPP can be set at the OMC as well. If some links fail when many low rate links grouped with MLPPP, the transmission bandwidth of whole MLPPP group is influenced, but other links still guarantee that the MLPPP group can serve the upper layer. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

2.2.2

ZWF22-03-055 IP over Optical GE Benefits This feature supports IP over optical GE, providing higher transmission bandwidth and farther transmission distance by optical fiber. Description Optical GE transmission supported by ZTE RAN equipment complies with IEEE 802.3z standards. The transmission media include long-wave single-mode or multi-mode fiber (meets 1000Base-LX criterion), short-wave multi-mode fiber (meets 1000Base-SX criterion), the data rate can reach 1000Mbps. ZTE RAN equipment supports GE mode, IEEE 802.3 standard Ethernet frame structure and VLAN frame structure which meets IEEE802.1Q and 802.1P criterions. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

2.2.3

ZWF22-03-056 IP over Optical FE Benefits This feature supports IP over optical FE in Node B, providing higher transmission bandwidth and farther transmission distance by optical fiber. Description Optical FE transmission supported by ZTE Node B complies with IEEE 802.3 standards. The transmission media includes single-mode or multi-mode fiber (meets 100Base-FX criterion), the data rate can reach 100Mbps. ZTE Node B equipment supports FE fiber mode, IEEE 802.3 standard Ethernet frame structure and VLAN frame structure which meets IEEE802.1Q and 802.1P criterions. Introduce Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

2.2.4

ZWF22-03-010 IEEE 1588 Benefits This feature supports synchronizing Node B from IP transmission network via IEEE 1588 V2 protocol. It solves the problem that the Node B cannot synchronize to BITS clock source or transmission line as well as avoiding the high investment on GPS. Description As an asynchronous network, the clock synchronization between RNC and Node B isn’t needed in UMTS. But the frequency deviation may be out of scope after long time running because the high-precision clock can’t be provided in the Node B, and the UE

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

handover between different Node Bs may be influenced. So the Node B should be synchronized to the high-precision clock to guarantee network KPI. The accuracy of frequency synchronized is 0.05ppm. ZTE supports IEEE1588 network time synchronization protocol (also called Precision Time Protocol), which synchronizes clock to a distributed system consisting of one or more nodes by network communication. This protocol adopts the master-slave synchronization mode. The slave port can obtain synchronization information from the master port to implement high-precision clock synchronization. IEEE 1588 clocks can be used for clock synchronization when FE or GE transmission is used on the Iub interface. The IEEE 1588 clock synchronization function is completed by RNC and Node B together. The RNC serves as Master that provides exact clock source. The Node B serves as Slave that extracts the clock information and performs the clock synchronization. The clock precision may be influenced by the delay and the jitter of the network if the IP network between RNC and Node B is complex and the number of middle nodes is numerous. The clock source can also be set at a certain transmission node from which Node B can obtain the clock synchronization by IEEE 1588. To fulfill clock precision defined by 3GPP specification, there are some requirements on the transmission link between the IEEE 1588 clock source and the Node B: −

One trip transport delay <= 20ms

−

Transport delay variation <=7ms

−

Frame loss rate <=0.05%

ZTE also supports clock synchronization from the switch via IEEE 1588 protocol. The switch serves as Master that provides high–precision clock; the Node B serves as Slave that extracts the clock information and performs the clock synchronization to avoid the delay and the jitter generated by the complex transport network. The typical network architecture is shown below.

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

Figure 2-5 Application of IEEE 1588 Clock Synchronization Slave

Node B

Master Switch Network

RNC

GPS

Switch

Slave

RNC

Master Node B

Introduced Version U11.2 Enhancement

2.3

Other TN Related Functionality

2.3.1

ZWF22-01-010 IP/ATM Hybrid Transmission Benefits This feature supports ATM and IP protocol which are simultaneously used as the transmission on Iub interface. For operator, the benefits brought by hybrid transmission are as follows: −

Adequately utilize the existing TDM transmission network, carry real-time traffic (such as voice) on ATM to guarantee the QoS, and save the cost of upgrade to the high quality IP network carrying all services.

−

Carry PS traffic with high data rate and lower QoS requirement by low cost IP network.

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

Description ZTE supports ATM and IP on Iub interface simultaneously, and allocates different bearer for different service types. Generally, for those data services with relaxed real time but higher bandwidth requirement, IP transmission can be used. For signaling in control plane, voice service, and other real time data services, ATM transmission can be used. The RNC automatically allocates transmission bearer for service based on its type while service is built, and fulfills hybrid transmission. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

HSDPA

3.1

ZWF23-01-A HSDPA Introduction Package

3.1.1

ZWF23-01-003 HSDPA UE Category Support Benefits This feature supports different HSDPA UE categories. Different UE categories are defined to support different data rate capability. Description ZTE RAN equipment supports all HSDPA UE categories defined in 3GPP TS 25.306 which describes the terminal capability for HSDPA. HS-DSCH physical layer categories. See 错误！未找到引用源。.

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

Table 3-1

HSDPA UE Category Supported by ZTE current version

Max. No. Category

of HS-DSCH Codes

Min. Inter-TTI Interval

Supported

Supported carrier

Modulations

Number

MAC MIMO

Layer

Operation

Peak Bit Rate

QPSK/16QAM

N/a

1.2Mbps

QPSK/16QAM

N/a

1.2Mbps

QPSK/16QAM

N/a

1.8Mbps

QPSK/16QAM

N/a

1.8Mbps

QPSK/16QAM

N/a

3.6Mbps

QPSK/16QAM

N/a

3.6Mbps

QPSK/16QAM

N/a

7.2Mbps

QPSK/16QAM

N/a

7.2Mbps

QPSK/16QAM

N/a

10Mbps

QPSK/16QAM

N/a

13.9Mbps

QPSK

N/a

0.9Mbps

QPSK

N/a

1.8Mbps

QPSK/16QAM/64QAM

N/a

17.6Mbps

QPSK/16QAM/64QAM

N/a

21Mbps

QPSK/16QAM

Activated

23.3Mbps

QPSK/16QAM

Activated

27.9Mbps

QPSK/16QAM/64QAM

Inactivated

17.6Mbps

QPSK/16QAM

Activated

23.3Mbps

QPSK/16QAM/64QAM

Inactivated

21Mbps

QPSK/16QAM

Activated

27.9Mbps

QPSK/16QAM/64QAM

Activated

35.3Mbps

QPSK/16QAM/64QAM

Activated

42.2Mbps

QPSK/16QAM

N/a

23.4Mbps

QPSK/16QAM

N/a

28.0Mbps

QPSK/16QAM/64QAM

N/a

35.3Mbps

QPSK/16QAM/64QAM

N/a

42.2Mbps

QPSK/16QAM

Activated

46.7Mbps

QPSK/16QAM

Activated

56.0Mbps

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

Max. No. Category

of HS-DSCH

Min. Inter-TTI Interval

Codes

Supported

Supported carrier

Modulations

Number

MAC MIMO

Layer

Operation

Peak Bit Rate

QPSK/16QAM/64QAM

Activated

70.6Mbps

QPSK/16QAM/64QAM

Activated

84.4Mbps

ZTE RAN equipment supports automatically recognize and activate corresponding HSPA+ functions based on UE category. Introduced Version U9.1&Before supports UE with all HS-DSCH physical layer categories below 14. UEs of Category 13 and Category 14 support 64QAM but not MIMO. Enhancement In U9.2, UE with HS-DSCH physical layer categories 15, 16, 17 and 18 are supported. UEs of Category 15 and Category 16 support MIMO but not 64QAM. UEs of Category 17 and Category 18 support 64QAM and MIMO, but the two technologies cannot be used simultaneously. In U9.3, UE with HS-DSCH physical layer categories 21, 22, 23 and 24 are supported. UEs of Category 21 and Category 22 support DC-HSDPA, but do not support 64QAM. UEs of Category 23 and Category 24 support the combination of DC-HSDPA and 64QAM. In UR11.1, UE with HS-DSCH physical layer categories 19, 20, 27 and 28 are supported. UEs of Category 19 and Category 20 support combination of MIMO and 64QAM. UEs of Category 23 and Category 24 support the combination of DC-HSDPA, MIMO and 64QAM, while the peak bit rate can be reached only if the network could activate the combination of those three functions. In UR11.2, UE with HS-DSCH physical layer categories 25, 26 are supported. For Category 27 and 28, the combination of DC-HSDPA, 64QAM and MIMO is available.

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

3.1.2

ZWF23-01-004 Flexible HSDPA Deployment Benefits This feature supports flexible deployment of dedicated HSDPA carrier or R99 and HSDPA in the same carrier. Deployment of R99 and HSDPA in the same carrier will use the spare resources of R99 for high data speed services. The HSDPA can make full use of the remaining resources in cells to improve resource utilization and reduce the OPEX. Deployment of dedicated HSDPA carrier supports higher downlink peak rate and cell throughout of PS service on HSDPA dedicated carrier. Description The HSDPA deployment supports two ways: −

One carrier supports R99 and HSDPA simultaneously.

−

Dedicated carrier constructs a HSDPA network.

If an operator has limited frequency resources but has to provide the R99 services, sharing the carrier frequency of R99 and HSDPA allows the operator to provide R99 services and HSDPA services at the same time and profitably develop high-speed data services through the residual resources of R99. Common resources (including channelized codes, Node B transmit power, and Iub interface transmission bandwidth) of the cell can be allocated between R99 services and HSDPA services. However, the peak rate and throughput provided by the cell are reduced and the experience of data service users is affected when the R99 services occupy resources.ZTE RAN equipments support both R99 and HSDPA services simultaneously in one cell. ZTE RRM algorithm will guarantee appropriate cell common resources allocation between these two services. If the operator has more frequency resources than required by the R99 services, a dedicated carrier frequency can be deployed to provide the HSDPA services. Comparing with the DCH, HS-DSCH has higher spectrum utilization to get higher peak rate and cell throughput, improving the subscriber experience of the mobile data service and reducing the unit cost of the high-speed data service. Normally, the third or above carrier can be used as HSDPA dedicated carrier to provide data services in hotspot coverage.

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

The cell can be configured as HSDPA dedicated carrier or HSDPA and R99 hybrid carrier. The R99 services can not be initiated on HSDPA dedicated carrier. Besides HSDPA dedicated carrier frequency, R99 capable carrier should also be deployed so as to support the traditional CS service and low-speed PS service (on DCH). ZTE’s RAN equipments provide different kinds of carriers for users according to services types. Introduced Version In UR11.1, this function takes place of features of ZWF23-01-001 HSDPA Common Carrier with R99 and ZWF23-01-002 HSDPA Dedicated Carrier previously in U9.3 release. Enhancement No

3.1.3

ZWF23-01-011 HSDPA Adaptive Modulation and Coding Benefits This feature provides a link adaptation technology which can realize real time balance of the link according to the change of the fading channel to increase system capacity and improve communication quality. Description AMC works on the following principle: Node B in network side selects the optimal downlink modulation mode, coding method and the number of HS-DSCH Channel according to the radio channel quality status (CQI report) reported by UE and the utilization of network resources so as to determine the rate of data transmission, raise the data throughput of the UE, and reduce transmission delay in condition of radio quality permission. AMC will increase system capacity and improve communication quality according to the fading channel modification to implement link real-time balance. ZTE can support two types of link adaptation technologies (AMC), including inner-loop link adaptation and outer-loop link adaptation.

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

Inner-loop link adaptation should be based on the CQI (Channel Quality Indication). The core principle is that Node B selects the modulation and coding mode and size of the transmission block according to the CQI. When the UE is at a favorable communication point (for example, the UE is close to Node B or a direct ray path is available), a high-order modulation and high-rate channel coding mode (for example, 16QAM and 3/4 coding rate) can be selected to transmit subscriber data accordingly to obtain the higher transmission rate. When the UE is at a far point of the cell, or in a high-fading or shadow area, a low-order modulation and low-rate channel coding mode (for example, QPSK and 1/4 coding rate) can be selected to ensure communication quality. Outer-loop link adaptation is based on the ACK/NACK/DTX feedback by HS-DPCCH. The CQI has the disadvantages of delay and measurement error. Therefore, the inner-loop link adaptation only will be insufficient to control the downlink BLER in order to meet target value under any circumstance. In this case, outer-loop link adaptation is required. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

3.1.4

ZWF23-01-012 HSDPA Multiplex Benefits This feature supports HS-PDSCH code division multiplexing and time division to share HSPA channel and improve the channel utilization to the largest extent. Description The HS-PDSCH is shared by all HSDPA users in the cell. Node B will divide the resources to different UEs. ZTE RAN equipments can support the following multiplexing methods: −

Code Division Multiplexing

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

ZTE UMTS Node B allows up to four UEs to be scheduled within a 2ms TTI in a cell. However, the number of channelized codes allocated to a UE is limited by UE HSDPA category. −

Time Division Multiplexing The same HS-DSCH channel can be allocated to the different HSDPA users according to 2ms TTI.

During code division multiplexing, all available HS-DSCH channel codes can be divided into several subsets, which are allocated to different users. This mode can support not only the transmission of a small amount of data (in this case, the transmitted data needs only some channelized codes of the HS-DSCH in the cell), but also the resource allocation for the UEs with different HSDPA categories. Time division can realize the fast scheduling on HS-DSCH channel in a 2ms period and allocate the cell throughput according to different user’s requirements of services. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

3.1.5

ZWF23-01-013 HSDPA Fast Scheduling Benefits This feature can provide many kinds of scheduling algorithm. It will use a 2ms period to schedule terminal channel and service. It will implement the fast scheduling on radio resources among different users to improve the throughput of the whole cell. Description HSDPA introduces a new functional entity MAC-hs which is moved from RNC to NodeB to finish the data scheduling. Based on the channel quality information, terminal

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

capability, QoS category and the current available NodeB power/code resources, NodeB will implement the fast scheduling with a 2ms period for the terminal data services. ZTE RAN equipments support Proportional Fair (PF) scheduling algorithms. NodeB schedule should consider the channel quality and history flow of user. The cell throughput and the user fairness should be considered simultaneously. The PF algorithm can help realize larger throughput rates and better service fairness. ZTE RAN equipments can support the following Enhanced Functions based on PF scheduling algorithm. l

Support configurable Fair Factor By configuration of different fair factors, the PF algorithm will approach to fair service time algorithm (more and more fair) or Max C/I (less and less fair, but will gain the highest cell throughput). It can meet different operator’s requirements.

Support Service PRI and User PRI Service PRI and User PRI will be performed by SPI (Schedule Priority Indicator). It will be mapped by RAB parameter from CN (Please refer to. ZWF23-05-001 HSDPA QoS Mapping). SPI is an input during Node B scheduling.

Support Service GBR Node B will consider the GRB parameter during scheduling to provide the wireless bearer for the real time service like streaming or conversation services.

HSDPA Fast Scheduling introduces two enhanced functions: “TFRC selection” and “Dynamic adjustable BLER target according to the radio conditions”. The feature of “TFRC selection” can increase resource usage and cell throughput according to TFRC selection (Transport Formation and Resources Combination) in the case of satisfaction with the scheduling requirement. A TFRC respectively indicates TB Size, modulation symbol set and the number of channel codes. The scheduler selects a new TFRC for the scheduled user every 2ms TTI. In this feature arithmetic, TFRC selection will be more accurate using the adjustable CQI.

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

The usable power, number of HS-PDSCH codes and UE category, etc. has the flexibility for HSDPA TFRC selection. In the case of single user, fully utilization of codes and power can increase throughput. In the case of multi-user, accurate configuration of codes and power can increase cell throughput. The flexible modulation selection can effectively choose the maximum TB Size which is corresponding to the different codes combination modulation (QPSK, 16QAM): For UE category 8, the number of codes by QPSK can be achieved to 10. 16QAM also can be selected by less than 5 codes. For UE category 10, the number of codes by QPSK can be achieved to 15. 16QAM also can be selected by less than 5 codes to improve HSDPA throughput for lack of code resources. The feature of “Dynamic adjustable BLER target according to the radio conditions” can configure different BLER target values for different users according to the different CQI. Dynamic adjustable BLER target can reduce the uplink interference and save the downlink power. According to the CQI measured and fed back by UE or other resources, NodeB will decide the following modulation/coding method for the UE downlink transmission. Due to the measurement error, report delay and incorrect CQI report, this mechanism cannot duly utilize the channel condition modification to obtain the optimum modulation/coding method. Therefore, BLER change is so big that the user cannot get the deserved QoS. Here, the report CQI is incorrect because the threshold for the different CQI value will not change along the channel condition. In order to resolve the above problems, NodeB will adjust CQI value according to the decoding result of ACK/NACK to implement the outer-loop rate control which can effectively track the change of channel condition to control BLER around the target value. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

U9.3 introduces the function of “Dynamic adjustable BLER target according to the radio conditions”.

3.1.6

ZWF23-01-014 HSDPA HARQ Benefits This feature provides a fast inner-loop ARQ error re-transmission mechanism in NodeB. Relative to the outer-loop ARQ mode of RLC in RNC, it can obviously reduce air-interface data transmission delay and increase data peak rate. Description HARQ (Hybrid Automatic Repeat request) is an integration of ARQ and FEC (Forward Error Correction) to introduce the error re-transmission mechanism in the physical layer and get the combination gain through the combination of re-transmission data. ZTE RAN equipments can support the following HARQ strategies: l

Chase Combining (CC) The retransmission consists of the same set of coded bits as the initial transmission

Incremental Redundancy (IR) It consists of PIR (Partial Incremental Redundancy) and FIR (Full Incremental Redundancy). PIR indicates that the check bit is different and the system bit is fixed between re-transmission and the first transmission. The re-transmission data can be self-decoded. FIR will transmit check bit with priority. It cannot make self-decoding due to the incomplete system bit.

HSDPA HARQ uses the Stop and Wait protocol during the data transmission. ZTE’s RAN equipments support the parallel transmission of multi-HARQ process to continuously transmit data to a certain user. The time from HSDPA data sending to feedback receiving of ACK/NACK needs at least six delays of 2ms TTI. So one UE needs at least 6 HARQ to use the radio channel and achieve the running with full rate. HARQ uses fast re-transmission combination technology to make full use of every transmission period. It not only gets the gain from time diversity, but also reduces the

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

required first transmission power due to the reduction of the first transmitting BLER. It can improve the system performance and power utilization. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

3.1.7

ZWF23-01-015 HSDPA CQI Adjustment Benefits This feature supports adjusting the CQI from different UEs, improving the available level of CQI and the performance of scheduling algorithm. Description In the HSDPA system, a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) is used to transfer the downlink data. The MCS must be adjusted to the ever-changing channel conditions, thus maximizing the channel capacity and throughput. UE measurement and CQI generation are based on target BLER=10%. Due to the implementation difference among vendors and measurement error, the reported CQI is not accurate. Therefore, the following results are caused: −

The mechanism cannot acquire the optimal MCS timely and effectively

−

The BLER is fluctuated greatly

−

The UE cannot acquire due to QoS

−

System throughput is reduced

If the CQI of the UE is overestimated, the transmission block is extremely large and the downlink BER exceeds by 10%. If the CQI of the UE is underestimated, the transmission block is extremely small and system throughput is reduced.

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

To solve the problem, ZTE UMTS Node B adjusts the target CQI according to the CQI and ACK fed back by the UE. The purpose is to reduce the measurement error of the CQI, relieve the impact of the implementation difference among the UE vendors, ensure the QoS of the UE, and raise system throughput. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

3.1.8

ZWF23-01-016 HSDPA 16QAM Benefits This feature offers 16QAM modulation technology for HS-PDSCH channel to improve peak rate and spectrum efficiency for HSDPA subscribers. Description Besides QPSK modulation, ZTE Node B equipments support 16QAM for HS-PDSCH. The spectrum efficiency is twice more than that of QPSK. The constellation graph is below:

Figure 3-1

16 QAM Constellation Graph

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

The number of physical channel bit is 1920 in 2ms TTI for every code channel when 16QAM is used, that is to say channel rate is 960Kbps. The physical layer peak rate is up to 14.4Mbps when 15 code channels are concurrently used. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

3.1.9

ZWF23-01-021 HSDPA Cell Indicator in Idle Mode Benefits This feature indicates whether HSDPA is supported in the cell to make UE select the suitable cell. Description HSDPA cell indicator is introduced in SIB5 and SIB5bis. After receiving the indicator, the UE can display the HSDPA availability in the cell which it is camping on. Accordingly, the user can choose proper services. For example, the HSDPA data card user will search the HSDPA carrier to camp first. This cell selection strategy depends on UE. HSDPA indication is introduced in 3GPP R6. R5 HSDPA UE needs to upgrade to R6 to support this feature. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

3.1.10

ZWF23-01-022 HSDPA 1.8Mbps Peak Bit Rate Benefits This feature can support 5 SF16 HS-DSCH channels to reach 1.8Mbps HSDPA peak rate per subscriber or per cell. Description ZTE’s UMTS RAN supports 5 SF16 HS-DSCH channels. When the UE uses an interactive service or background service in an HS-DSCH, the peak rate in the MAC layer can be as high as 1.8 Mbps. The HSDPA UE capability level is 3 to 10 or 12. With feature of ZWF23-01-013 HSDPA Fast Scheduling, those HS-DSCH channels can be shared by multiple users in one cell. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

3.1.11

ZWF23-01-023 HSDPA 16 Users per cell Benefits This feature provides the possibility to support maximum 16 HSDPA subscribers in a single cell simultaneously. Description ZTE’s UMTS RAN equipments can allocate channel resources and complete data scheduling for 16 HSDPA subscribers per cell, then 16 HSDPA subscribers can be supported simultaneously. Introduced Version U9.1&Before

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

Enhancement No

3.1.12

ZWF23-01-024 HSDPA 3.6Mbps Peak Bit Rate Benefits This feature can support 5 SF16 HS-DSCH channels to reach 3.6Mbps HSDPA peak rate per subscriber or per cell. Description ZTE’s UMTS RAN equipments offer 5 HS-DSCH channels, which use SF=16 channelized codes for one UE. When the UE uses PS service in an HS-DSCH, the peak rate in the MAC layer can reach 3.6 Mbps. In this case, the HSDPA UE category is 5 to 10. With feature of ZWF23-01-013 HSDPA Fast Scheduling, those HS-DSCH channels can be shared by multiple users in one cell. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

3.1.13

ZWF23-02-001 PS Interactive/Background Service over HSDPA Benefits This feature provides interactive/background RABs over HSDPA channels. This feature makes it possible to bear more services and provide higher service speed than over DCH channel. Description

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

HSDPA service using high-order 16QAM modulation, AMC, HARQ and fast scheduling will provide higher channel rate to share with multi-users and is suitable for the interactive/background data services. The higher peak rate will effectively improve user experience. ZTE RAN equipments can support the peak rate (configuring corresponding functions) up to physical layer 14.4Mbps (MAC layer 13.976Mbps). In fact the biggest rate provided to user is decided by UE category, MBR in CN, system load, radio environment and so on. Radio parameters in RAB for interactive/background PS data services are fully compliant to 3GPP TS 34.108. Introduced Version U9.1&Before supports 13.976Mbps MAC peak data speed Enhancement No

3.1.14

ZWF23-02-002 PS Streaming Service over HSDPA Benefits This feature provides streaming packet data services with a guaranteed quality of service and a higher data rate than that provided by DCH. Description This feature supports streaming RABs over HS-DSCH channels for packet data services, for example, streaming media. HS-DSCH provides the service to all UEs using this channel and will be suitable for bearing the data service with strong burst. ZTE equipments support data scheduling algorithm based on GBR (i.e. ZWF23-01-013 HSDPA fast scheduling) and make the streaming services bear on HS-DSCH.

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

The guaranteed bit rate of a streaming RAB is assigned by CN and assured by RAN. But in case of bad radio condition, it is possible for streaming RAB to excessively consume system resource as RAN has to guarantee GBR. This case is avoided when streaming RAB is carried on DCH and E-DCH via RAN limiting the maximum uplink/downlink transmission power. As for streaming RAB carried on HS-DSCH, ZTE RAN monitors current downlink power of each streaming RAB. If the power is high enough, ZTE RAN initiates GBR negotiation or hand over the user to another carrier. In this way, resource consumption of streaming RAB is limited in bad radio condition. After GBR is re-negotiated to be downgraded, GBR will not be upgraded unless the UE moves to another cell. If RAB re-negotiation process cannot be initiated and there is no other carrier for handover, the GBR service could be dropped due to bad radio condition and resource consuming limitation. Radio parameters in RAB for streaming PS data services are fully compliant to 3GPP TS 34.108. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement In release U9.2, limit resource consumption of streaming RAB carrier on HS-DSCH is supported.

3.1.15

ZWF23-02-003 RAB Combination for CS over DCH and PS over HSDPA Benefits The RAB combination is used for concurrent services of CS and PS domain and is used to support simultaneous voice or video call services in CS domain and packet data service in PS domain. Description This feature supports the following concurrent services in CS domain and I/B/S services in PS domain:

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

−

Concurrent services of multi-rate AMR speech services in CS domain and I/B/S services in PS domain.

−

Concurrent services of video call in CS domain and I/B/S services in PS domain.

Note: Supporting one CS service combining with three PS services at most. In the case of combination of CS services and PS services on HSDPA, the maximum rate of user is determined by UE category, MBR subscription in CN, system load, radio environment and so on. The supported RB combinations are compliant to 3GPP TS 34.108. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No.

3.1.16

ZWF23-02-004 RAB Combination for Multiple Packet Data Services over HSDPA Benefits This feature supports using HSDPA channel to bear multiple RABs for several PS services. The RAB combination provides the bearer for multiple PDP context applications. RAB combination supports multiple packet data services such as receiving MMS while packet data services are going on. The IMS-based streaming services and VOIP also need to use multiple PDPs simultaneously. Description ZWF23-02-004 HSDPA supports a maximum of four concurrent PS interaction services, background services, and streaming services. The maximum rate of each PS service depends on the rate configured in the CN. Additionally, the sum of all service rates

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

cannot exceed the maximum rate of HSDPA. The peak rate depends on the UE capability level, system load, and local wireless environment. ZTE’s UMTS RAN allows HSDPA to carry multiple concurrent PS services. The RAB parameters comply with the 3GPP TS 34.108 protocol. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement From UR11.2 it is supported for four concurrent PS RABs

3.1.17

ZWF23-03-001 HS-DSCH serving cell change Benefits This feature makes it possible to keep service continuity and ensure communication quality when user is moving among HSDPA cells. Description Every HSDPA user’s data is received in HS-DSCH channel even through UE current situation is macro diversity. The cell that provides HSDPA service for UE is called UE serving cell. ZTE RAN equipments can support that while the UE is moving within HSDPA coverage, it updates HS-DSCH serving cell dynamically and implements the continuous coverage of HS-DSCH serving cell according to the signal intensity of pilot channel measured by UE. In case of load balance between co-coverage HSDPA cells with different frequencies, or RNC performing the HCS handover from micro-cell to macro-cell based on load or moving speed, blind handover is executed without frequency measurements. The serving HS-DSCH cell change happens among the cells with same frequency. When the best cell changes (1D event triggered) and this cell supports HSDPA, RNC will trigger the serving HS-DSCH cell change procedure. The serving HS-DSCH cell change can also happen among the cells with different frequencies. When inter-frequency hard handover meets the handover judgment condition and the target cell supports HSDPA,

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

RNC will trigger the hard handover together with serving HS-PDSCH cell change procedure. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

3.1.18

ZWF23-03-002 HS-DSCH handover to/from DCH Benefits When the UE roams between HSDPA cell and R99 cell, the migration between the HS-DSCH and DCH occurs to keep service continuity. Description When the HSDPA user is moving, if the target cell cannot support HSDPA services or HSDPA resource is not sufficient to accept the new user, this feature enables UE to change the channel from HS-DSCH to DCH to keep the service continuity. When the soft handover is in progress, if the HS-DSCH serving cell will be deleted from the current active set and there are no cells in the new active set to support HSDPA, the service will return from HS-DSCH channel to DCH, and then perform the soft handover procedure. When the hard handover is in progress, if the target cell can not use HS-DSCH channel, the services will be configured to DCH at the same time. When the DCH-borne PS user is moving, if the HS-DSCH in the target cell is available, ZTE RAN equipments can support the change from DCH channel to HS-DSCH channel to increase spectrum utilization. After soft handover, if the new added cell in the active set supports HSDPA, the DCH channel will be changed to HS-DSCH channel at the appropriate moment.

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

When the hard handover is in progress, if the target cell can not use HS-DSCH, the services will be migrated from DCH channel to HS-DSCH. This feature can be used for intra-RNC handover or inter-RNC handover. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

3.1.19

ZWF23-03-003 HS-DSCH inter-RAT Reselection Benefits This feature keeps service continuity and ensures communication quality during user moving from WCDMA cell to GSM cell. Description For a UE with ongoing service on HS-DSCH channel, ZTE RAN equipment can hand over the UE from WCDMA to GSM directly without migrating HS-DSCH channel to DCH before handover procedure initiates. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

3.1.20

ZWF23-03-004 HSDPA Soft/Softer Handover of A-DPCH Benefits This feature supports A-DPCH soft/softer handover when HSDPA users are moving among cells with same frequency.

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

−

It enhances reliability of signal data transmission.

−

It can keep the UE synchronization in different cells because of the multi-path effect of A-DPCH active set.

−

It can keep the HSDPA data transmission continuity when HS-DSCH serving cell is changing in active set.

Description In order to transmit upper layer RRC signaling, NAS layer signaling and physical power control information, HSDPA users need to configure DPCH channel, called A-DPCH. ZTE RAN equipment processes A-DPCH just like common DPCH, and supports A-DPCH soft/softer handover. Please refer to ZWF21-03-001 Soft and Softer Handover for more details. ZTE RAN equipment also supports associated F-DPCH soft/softer handover when using associated F-DPCH. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

3.1.21

ZWF23-03-005 HSDPA over Iur Benefits This feature offers HSDPA data frame transmission over Iur interface between RNCs. It improves high speed data service experience when the subscriber is moving between RNCs. Description ZTE’s UMTS RAN equipments offer HSDPA channel parameters configuration of DRNC and subject Node B when HSDPA subscriber is moving in cells that belong to different

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

RNCs. As a result, it enables HSDPA data frame transmission over Iur interface to make sure HS-DSCH data transmission does not fall back to DCH channel in case of inter-RNC handover. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

3.1.22

ZWF23-04-001 Admission Control for HSDPA Service Benefits −

Prevents the system from overload and improves the system stability.

−

Allocates system resource based on service priority for different users and services under the premise of guaranteeing the system stability.

Description When Node B and UE support HSDPA, it is possible to allocate HSDPA wireless resources. The scenarios where the service requires new system resources include RRC connection, RAB connection setup, RAM modification, SRNC relocation, lur relocation, intra-RNC handover, and dynamic channel allocation. ZTE RAN equipments will fully consider the existing resource status in advance to prevent the lack of resources when the HSDPA services access or the system over load after the services have accessed. l

Number of HSDPA Services Excessive users sharing the HS-DSCH channel will reduce the average user services QOS. According to the requirements of services, the maximum number of services can be limited by HS-DSCH per cell properly.

HSDPA Data Throughput The HSDPA data throughput is performed for the GBR service, like streaming and conversation service. It will set an HSDPA cell throughput threshold for the new HSDPA service.

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

Downlink Power The HS-DSCH admission control based on downlink power is performed for the GBR service only. RNC will forecast based on the changes of download power after the new HSDPA services have accessed. It will set a total HSDPA downlink power threshold after the new services have accessed.

Power and Codes Allocation for Associated DPCH/F-DPCH HSDPA users need to use associated DPCH (or associated F-DPCH). It is considers about the occupation of cell download channel code and base station CE resource based on associated DPCH (or associated F-DPCH).

ZTE RAN equipments will consider basic priority (ZWF21-05-003 Differentiated Service) when using admission control. It is possible to make the high priority user and service to get more system resources to improve the QoS. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

3.1.23

ZWF23-04-002 Overload Control for HSDPA Service Benefits This feature reduces load and maintains the system stability when the system is in overload status. It can divide the priority of HSDPA service to allocate different users and services properly. Description Overload control of the HSDPA is measured by transmitting power of cells. When the downlink power reaches the threshold, it will trigger the load control as following: −

Reduce the DCH-borne service rates

−

If UE is in soft handover state and the overload cell is not the best one in the active set, the DCH (includes associated channel) link will be deleted in the overloaded cell

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

−

Hand over the UE to cells with the same coverage of different frequency or different system forcedly (especially DCH services on the DCH or GBR services on the HS-DSCH).

−

Migrate I/B services to the CELL FACH state forcedly

−

Drop calls forcedly

ZTE RAN equipments will consider basic priority (ZWF21-05-002 RAB QoS Parameters Mapping) when using admission control. It is possible to make the high priority user and service to get more system resources to improve the QoS. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

3.1.24

ZWF23-04-003 Load Balance for HSDPA Service Benefits When WCDMA has several frequency bands or is deployed together with GSM network, ensure that the load is properly allocated to different layers so that the service quality and stability of the system can be improved. Description After HSDPA is supported, ZTE RAN balances the load of service over HSDPA in different carriers when different frequency or different band or different system covers same area; the procedure of load balance of HSDPA is the same as the description in ZWF21-04-011 Load Balance, Before release U9.2, downlink power of a cell is a main factor to be taken into account for HSDPA load balance, as well as whether HSDPA is supported by cell and UE. As for a service without GBR carried on HSDPA, such as best effort service, downlink power of a cell is not able to reflect the HSDPA load of such kind of service. So in release

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

U9.2, HSDPA throughput of cell is introduced as one of the factors in HSDPA load balance, so that HSDPA load balance for non-GBR service over HSDPA is supported. As HSPA+ such as MIMO and R8 dual-cell HSDPA is introduced, the peak throughput of a single user gets improved greatly. But these features may be deployed only in part carriers. In this case, in order to bring high bit rate service to user, RAN will re-direct to carrier mapping with UE’s HSPA+ capability during load balancing. For example, when an MIMO UE camps on a carrier without MIMO capability, RAN will redirect the UE to a carrier supporting MIMO during PS data requesting. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement HSDPA load balance for non-GBR service over HSDPA is supported in release U9.2. From release U9.3, DL HSPA+ capability of cell and UE is considered during HSDPA load balance.

3.1.25

ZWF23-04-004 Dynamic Channel Type Transfer for HSDPA Service Benefits According to user service requirement and system resource utilization, it supports choosing transmission channel and dynamic migration between channels. This feature can make full use of radio resource of system, ensure the stability of system and service QoS. Description After introducing HSDPA, ZTE RAN equipments can select DL HS-DSCH, DCH or FACH channel and relative configuration parameters for users according to services requirement and system state. ZTE RAN equipments support dynamic migration between different channels in order to satisfy services requirement and system resource in the following factor state:

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

Save system resource by adjusting channel type dynamically according to I/B real-time service data flow. −

When DL service data flow is too large

−

When DL service data flow is too small, trigger the migration from HS-DSCH to FACH

−

When there is no DL service data flow, trigger the migration from HS-DSCH to PCH or idle

−

When PCH UE sends the data, trigger the migration from PCH to HS-DSCH

−

When UE needs to send data in PCH state, trigger the migration from PCH to HS-DSCH

Slow down the system load by adjusting channel type according to cell load. When cell load is too high, user can migrate from special HS-DSCH to common FACH to reduce system load and maintain system stability.

Ensure service quality by adjusting channel type according to DL channel quality.

When UE in HS-DSCH channel moving to cell margin to touch off 1F event, it shows the channel quality is bad, and then touch off the migration from HS-DSCH to DCH.

Ensure the service continuity by adjusting channel type according to the target cell for handover.

When DL is FACH, UL must be RACH; when DL is HS-DSCH, UL is DCH or E-DCH. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

3.1.26

ZWF23-04-005 Power Allocation for HSDPA Benefits −

It enhances the user capacity of HSPDA system.

−

It enhances the utilization of radio resource.

Description HSDPA power control includes HSDPA power allocation and HS-PDSCH Measurement Power Offset configuration. ZTE equipments support dynamic HSDPA power configuration modes: l

RNC static configuration

Once the maximum transmit power is defined by RNC, it will never change.

RNC dynamic configuration

The maximum power is adjusted by RNC dynamically; the following events will touch off RNC to adjust the total HSDPA power: −

When system congests due to HSDPA power limitation, the total HSDPA power can be enlarged.

−

When system congests due to R99 power limitation, the total HSDPA power can be reduced.

The total HSDPA power can be reduced when cell overloads. −

Free configuration by Node B

−

Node B adjusts HSDPA service power fast based on R99 services power station, in favor of making full use of residual resource by R99 service.

HS-PDSCH Measurement Power Offset is used to calculate the returned CQI value by UE. RNC configures proper HS-PDSCH Measurement Power Offset based on the total cell power.

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

HS-SCCH power control calculates HS-SCCH power of the scheduled user (including new transmission & re-transmission). The power control based on CQI which can reduce UE interference will control HS-SCCH transmission power according to the report CQI and MPO. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

3.1.27

ZWF23-04-006 Code Allocation for HSDPA Benefits −

It enhances the user capacity of HSPDA system.

−

It enhances the utilization of system resource.

Description After introducing HSDPA into network, ZTE RAN equipments support the following HSDPA code resource management: l

Downlink Scramble Code HS-SCCH, HS-PDSCH and associated F-DPCH use cell main scramble code.

Uplink Scramble Code HS-DPCCH uses the same scramble as UE uplink DPCCH scramble.

Downlink Channelized Code At most four HS-SCCH channels are supported per cell. Channelized code of HS-SCCH is allocated in static mode and the SF is 128. Channelized code for HS-PDSCH is SF=16. When HSDPA and R99 share the same carrier, ZTE RAN equipments support both static mode and dynamic mode to configure HS-PDSCH channelized code. In static mode, the number of HS-PDSCH is fixed after a cell is set up. While in dynamic mode, the number of HS-PDSCH is adjusted dynamically

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

according to HSDPA user throughout and R99 user flow. Allocated codes for R99 can be regulated and optimized for HSDPA services. When ZTE RAN realizes that HS-PDSCH could be allocated with downlink channelized code through re-allocated downlink channelized code for R99 DPCH, ZTE RAN adjusts the downlink channelized code allocation for R99 DPCH. And then downlink channelized code whose SF is 16 is released. l

Uplink Channelized Code For HS-DPCCH, configure the channelized code whose SF is 256 according to the number of uplink DPCCH channels.

Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

3.1.28

ZWF23-04-007 Congestion Control Strategy for HSDPA Benefits −

It enhances the user capacity of HSDPA system.

−

It enhances the utilization of system resource.

Description If the new user fails in admission caused by resource limitation, different congestion control strategies will be triggered so as to improve the user access probability. If congestion happens when it is accessing, the following methods could be used to relieve congestion. −

Channelized codes re-allocation for HSDPA services

−

Data rate decrease on DCH channel

−

Service pre-emption

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

−

Transmitting power re-allocation for HSDPA services

Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No.

3.1.29

ZWF23-04-011 Fast Power Congestion Control Benefits This attribute improves service QoS and ensures output power of power amplifier will not be saturated. Description ZTE NodeB supports fast power congestion control. The base station will check the power when the downlink output power reaches the preset threshold, The detection time is corresponding to the power control response time (not longer than one timeslot time, namely 0.67ms). The base station judges whether the input power exceeds the preset threshold. If yes, it reduces the input signals of the power amplifier and ensures that the output power of the power amplifier is not over its nominal power. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

3.1.30

ZWF23-05-001 QoS Mapping for HSDPA Service Benefits This feature implements the QoS mapping for HSDPA user to support the scheduling based on user and service priority.

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

Description The RNC determines the priorities of MAC-hs by QoS of services, then configures it to Node B and controls MAC-hs to provide services with different priorities to the subscribers. Service QoS and the mapping of the priorities of MAC-HS can be flexibly configured by OMC-R according to the requirements of customers. According to services and customer priority allocated by RAB, the RNC and Node B equipment support HSDPA SPI (Scheduling Priority Indicator). The higher the SPI is, the more probable to get scheduling opportunity and scheduling resource. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

3.1.31

ZWF23-05-002 HSDPA Flow Control Benefits This feature implements the download link data flow control mechanism between RNC and NodeB. This mechanism can avoid the data loss caused by the congestion of NodeB processing capability or the congestion in Iub interface due to the massive data transmission from RNC. Description The data rate of HSDPA user in Uu interface is determined by various aspects, such as wireless environment, user quantity and transmitting power of cell. All these aspects change dynamically, therefore Node B scheduler needs flow control to ensure that downlink data from RNC to UE can match with Uu interface real time rate and excessive data is in Node B. ZTE Node B can transmit Capacity Allocation Frame on Iub interface to notify RNC to adjust some UE’s data transmission rate. The UE’s downlink rate from RNC won’t exceed the rate of Capacity Allocation Frame. ZTE RNC equipments also support

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

sending Capacity Request Frame to Node B to trigger schedule resource allocation when it is necessary, such as that some UE does not have Capacity Allocation Frame for a long time. ZTE’s RAN equipments support HS-DSCH transmission channel congestion detection mechanism in 3GPP TS25.435. It uses FSN (Frame Sequence Number) and DRT (Delay Relative Time) in HS-DSCH to detect Frame loss ratio and delay changes between data frames nearby, and determines whether there is congestion in Iub interface. When congestion is detected and removed, RNC adjusts downlink data transmission rate according to Congestion Status cell sent by Node B on HS-DSCH. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No.

3.1.32

ZWF23-05-003 HSDPA Nominal Bit Rate for I/B Service Benefits This feature offers Nominal Bit Rate, which is similar to GBR for I/B services. The feature can avoid user experience degrading due to the cause that I/B class service users are blocked and can’t be scheduled long time. Description When interactive services and background services are carried on HS-DSCH in ZTE’s UMTS RAN, downlink NBR can be configured. The RNC configures the GBR for the interactive/background service according to the NBR and sends the configuration to the Node B. When performing HSDPA quick scheduling, the Node B provides minimum GBR for the interactive/background service. Introduced Version U9.1&Before

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

Enhancement No

3.1.33

ZWF23-05-020 Directed Retry between HS-DSCH and DCH Benefits This feature can set up service on an appropriate carrier when R99 and HSDPA use separated carriers. Description ZTE’s RAN equipments set attributes for different cells. For example, some cells only support HSDPA services but don’t support R99 services; it means to carry services on HS-DSCH, not on DCH. It is better to carry different services on different transport channels. For example, CS services need to be carried on DCH to ensure real time services and high speed packet data services should be carried on HS-DSCH to make full use of its higher efficiency. If network is deployed with two or more carriers, one of which is set to be equipped with one dedicated HSDPA carrier and one dedicated R99 carrier at least, radio resources should be allocated into different carriers according to services attributes. If user’s access frequency is different from the one which services need, ZTE RAN equipments provide handover between carriers to retry services into frequency which services need. For example, when CS service is established in the carrier which only supports HSDPA, it will be retried to the carrier which supports R99 services. When high speed package data service is established in the carrier which only supports R99, it will be retried to the carrier which supports HSDPA. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

3.2

Other HSDPA Related Functionality

3.2.1

ZWF23-01-025 HSDPA 7.2Mbps Peak Bit Rate Benefits This feature can support 10 SF16 HS-DSCH channels to reach 7.2Mbps HSDPA peak rate per subscriber or per cell. Description ZTE’s UMTS RAN equipments offer 10 HS-DSCH channels, which use SF=16 channelized codes. The peak rate of MAC layer can reach 7.2 Mbps for PS service in HS-DSCH. In this case, the HSDPA UE capability category must be 7or higher. With feature of ZWF23-01-013 HSDPA Fast Scheduling, those HS-DSCH channels can be shared by multiple users in one cell. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

3.2.2

ZWF23-01-026 HSDPA 14.4Mbps Peak Bit Rate Benefits This feature can support 10 SF16 HS-DSCH channels to reach 14.4Mbps HSDPA peak rate in physical layer per subscriber or per cell. Description ZTE’s UMTS RAN equipments offer 15 HS-DSCH channels, which use SF=16 channelized codes. When the UE initiates PS service in HS-DSCH, the peak rate in

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

physical layer can reach 14.4Mbps (in the MAC layer can reach 13.976 Mbps). In this case, the HSDPA UE capability category must be 10 or higher. With feature of ZWF23-01-013 HSDPA Fast Scheduling, those HS-DSCH channels can be shared by multiple users in one cell. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

3.2.3

ZWF23-04-021 Code Sharing between Cells Benefits This feature helps to fully utilize the HSDPA code resource license of a cell and improve the peak rate of the cell. Description Generally, operator purchases the HSDPA code license of each cell according to the number of code. For example, 5 codes, 10 codes, or 15 codes as a set, the code is SF=16 HS-DSCH channelized code. If the number of codes is different, the peak bit rate is also different. Therefore, the operator may purchase the HSDPA code license according to the development of the data service, rather than buying the entire 15-code license so as to effectively reduce the operation cost. Presume that the operator purchases the HSDPA license of each cell by 5 or 10 codes. Since the transient load of each cell in a base station is different, there will be a case that the data requirement of one cell is very high and exceeds the peak bit rate of 5 or 10 codes, while the data requirement of other cells is very low and the 5 or 10 codes cannot be used thoroughly. With this feature, the HSDPA code license can be shared among different cells. In above scenario, the light load cell may lend its code license to the heavy load cells. As a result, the transient available HSDPA codes of a single cell exceed the number of codes

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

authorized to it, but will not exceed the threshold of 15 HS-DSCH channelized codes per cell. The total number of HS-DSCH channelized codes used by all cells does not exceed the total number of codes license authorized to all cells. The ZTE UTRAN device allows the code resources to be shared among all R99 and HSDPA cells which share the same carrier in a Node B, that is, the HS-DSCH channelized code license of these cells can be used accumulatively. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

HSUPA

4.1

ZWF25-01-A HSUPA Introduction Package

4.1.1

ZWF25-01-003 HSUPA Cell Indicator in Idle Mode Benefits This feature indicates whether the cell supports HSUPA in system broadcast message so that UE can camp on a suitable cell. Description The indicator of the HSUPA cell can be broadcasted through the system message SIB5 or SIB5bis. When searching cells, UE can recognize whether a cell supports the HSUPA service according to the indicator, and select a preferred cell accordingly. For example, an HSUPA data card user can search the HSUPA cell in a same sector and camp on it. UE can be configured to select a cell automatically according to the capability of cells. Introduced Version

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

U9.1&Before Enhancement No

4.1.2

ZWF25-01-004 HSUPA UE Category Support Benefits This feature can support the following HSUPA UE categories as shown in Table 6. Description ZTE RAN supports the following HSUPA UE categories defined in the 3GPP protocol. The categories show the different UE capability to support HSUPA service. For details, please refer to 3GPP TS 25.306.

Table 4-1

HSUPA UE Category Supported by ZTE Maximum Number of

Category

E-DPDCHs

Supported

and Smallest

Modulations

TTIs

Spreading Factor

Maximum

Data Rate

with 10ms

with 2ms

TTI in MAC

Layer

1xSF4

QPSK

10ms

0.716 Mbps

2XSF4

QPSK

10ms, 2ms

1.44Mbps

1.40 Mbps

2XSF4

QPSK

10ms

1.44 Mbps

2XSF2

QPSK

10ms, 2ms

2.0 Mbps

2.89 Mbps

2XSF2

QPSK

10ms

2.0 Mbps

2XSF2+2XSF4

QPSK

10ms, 2ms

2.0 Mbps

5.74 Mbps

2XSF2+2XSF4

QPSK/16QAM

10ms, 2ms

2.0Mbps

11.50Mbps

Introduced Version For 10ms TTI, HSUPA UE categories 1 to 5 and for 2ms TTI, HSUPA UE category 6 are supported in U9.1&Before.

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

Enhancement UE category 6 is supported in UR11.1.

4.1.3

ZWF25-01-005 Flexible HSUPA Deployment Benefits This feature supports flexible deployment of dedicated HSUPA carrier or R99 and HSUPA in the same carrier. Deployment of the same carrier is utilized for R99 and HSUPA in uplink, and uses characteristic of HSUPA Fast Scheduling to develop high-speed data service, improve the gain of frequency spectrum, and lower the cost of network operation. Deployment of HSUPA in dedicated carrier to provide higher peak uplink data rate and throughput of a cell. Description Carrier frequency sharing between the HSUPA and R99 means that the cell can provide uplink R99 service and HSUPA service simultaneously and can allocate common resources properly between the R99 and the HSUPA. These common resources include E-AGCH that supports the E-DCH, E-RGCH, and E-HICH, transmitting power of these downlink channels, transmitting bandwidth of the Iub interface, and uplink interference of the cell. The HSUPA is generally deployed with the HSDPA together. ZTE RAN can enable the HSUPA function in an HSDPA cell to support uplink R99 and HSUPA service simultaneously. The excellent RRM algorithm provided by ZTE can guarantee proper allocation of cell common resources between the two types of services When the frequency resources available for operator are limited and the R99 service must be provided in the uplink, use the same frequency carrier to deploy the HSUPA and the R99 for utilizing the attributes of the HSUAP to provide high speed data services. But the resources occupied by the R99 can reduce the uplink peak rate and throughput of a cell and affect the QoS of the data services.

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

When the operator has more frequency resources than what are needed by the R99 service, it is recommended to deploy HSUPA and HSDPA service in separate frequency carrier. Since the frequency band utilization efficiency of the E-DCH is higher than that of the DCH, the dedicated carrier can obtain higher uplink peak rate and cell throughput, improving the QoS of the wireless data service and reducing the cost of high speed data service. HSDPA and HSUPA dedicated carrier cannot process R99 services. In order to support traditional CS service and low speed PS service (carried on DCH), it’s necessary to deploy carrier to support R99 besides HSUPA/HSDPA dedicated carrier. ZTE RAN system can distribute users to different carriers according to the service type. Introduced Version

Enhancement No

4.1.4

ZWF25-01-013 HSUPA Fast Scheduling Benefits This feature enables Node B to realize fast scheduling for transmitting uplink date of multi-HSUPA UEs in a cell. Description MAC-e entity is added in Node B after introducing HSUPA. It is used to implement HSUPA data scheduling function just as R99 DCH channel data scheduling function realized by MAC layer in RNC. Node B allocates SG (Scheduling Grant) for each UE in the cell, and then sends AG (Absolute Grant) in E-AGCH channel or RG (Relative Grant) in E-RGCH channel to notify UE to use SG. UE can only use the transmitting power in the range which SG allows and that power has impact on uplink data bit rate of UE. ZTE Node B supports PF (Proportion Fair) algorithm to realize HSUPA fast scheduling. This algorithm takes into full account of all kinds of factors such as actual requirement of

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

different services, radio link condition of users, cell uplink interference and cell load. Meanwhile, the priority of service and the priority of user should be considered (For SPI, refer to ZWF25-05-001 QoS Mapping for HSUPA Service), the users with high priority will obtain more resources. ZTE RAN supports HSUPA fast scheduling algorithm which can guarantee GBR service data transmitting rate. It also can support method of Non-scheduled to grant UE Non-scheduled transmission date capability, that is, configure to the Node B through NBAP signaling by RNC according to service type in order to ensure the transmission of high-priority data, such as SRB data. Because HSUPA scheduler is located in Node B, the cell uplink interference can be detected real time. According to real time interference condition, Node B can control and frequently schedule the resource to HSUPA users in every 2ms or 10ms period, and can make use of resource more efficiently to guarantee the higher throughput in E-DCH channel. As a scheduler of HSUPA non-serving cell, ZTE Node B can control the interference status of non-serving cell through non-serving RG command, so it can avoid allocating excessive power resources for the UEs in serving cell which imposes immense influence on the non-serving cell. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

4.1.5

ZWF25-01-014 HSUPA HARQ Benefits This feature can support a fast ARQ (Automatic Retransmission Request) mechanism in inner loop. Compared with ARQ of outer loop in RLC layer of RNC, it can decrease data transmission delay obviously in Uu interface and increase the maximum date rate.

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

Description ZTE RAN supports HSUPA HARQ (Hybrid Automatic Retransmission Request), which is the same method to HSDPA HARQ (please refer to ZWF23-01-014 HSDPA HARQ). HARQ adopts the fast retransmission and combination technology to improve the transmission efficiency fully. Node B can quickly request UE to retransmit error data received in uplink. Not only gain of time diversity is obtained, but also the requirement of BLER transmitted for the first time decreases due to fast retransmission, consequently the transmitting power of UE can be reduced and the capacity of system is improved. ZTE RAN supports parallel transmission of multiple HARQ processes so that data can be sent continuously for a certain UE. 4 HARQ processes are supported at most in 10ms TTI and 8 HARQ processes in 2ms TTI. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

4.1.6

ZWF25-01-021 HSUPA 1.45Mbps Peak Bit Rate Benefits This feature can support HSUPA user peak rate up to1.45Mbps. Description ZTE RAN supports HSUPA 1.45Mbps user peak rate. When data services are carried over the E-DCH channel, the peak rate in MAC layer can reach 1.45Mps in uplink. At this moment, HSUPA UE category must exceed level 2. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

4.1.7

ZWF25-01-022 HSUPA 16 Users per Cell Benefits This feature can support 16 HSUPA users simultaneously in single cell. Description ZTE RAN can support 16 HSUPA users simultaneously in single cell, and it can realize data scheduling for 16 users in single cell. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

4.1.8

ZWF25-01-023 HSUPA 2Mbps Peak Bit Rate Benefits This feature enables 2Mbps peak uplink rate for one user. Description ZTE RAN system supports 2Mbps HSUPA peak rate. When a user’s data service is carried on E-DCH, the uplink rate of MAC layer can reach 2Mbps. In this case, the HSUPA UE capability must be level 4 or higher. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

4.1.9

ZWF25-02-001 PS Interactive/Background Service over HSUPA Benefits This feature can support interactive and background service over HSUPA channel. Compared with DCH channels, more services and higher bit rate can be obtained after using HSUPA technology. Description The HSUPA service is carried over the enhanced dedicated channel E-DCH. Adopting the technology of QPSK modulation and HARQ, the E-DCH channel can provide higher bit rate and enable multiple users to share the load of uplink cells. The E-DCH is suitable for the interactive and background services with high burst. The higher peak rate of the channel can effectively improve the user experience. ZTE RAN supports the maximum uplink bit rate of 5.76Mbps. But the actual maximum bit rate available to the user depends on UE category, the MBR (Maximum Bit Rate) subscribed in the CN (Core Network), payload of the system, and the wireless environment at the time of access. The RAB wireless parameters of the interactive/background PS data services of the ZTE UMTS RAN comply with 3GPP TS 34.108 protocol. Introduced Version In MAC layer, maximum uplink bit rate of 5.76Mbps is supported in U9.1&Before. Enhancement No.

4.1.10

ZWF25-02-002 PS Streaming Service over HSUPA Benefits This feature can support PS streaming service with GBR guaranteed. Compared with DCH channels, more services and higher bit rate can be obtained after using HSUPA technology.

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

Description This feature supports PS streaming service over E-DCH channel such as video monitoring. ZTE RAN supports HSUPA fast scheduling algorithm based on GBR, so streaming service can be carried over E-DCH. The RAB wireless parameters of PS streaming service completely comply with 3GPP TS 34.108 in ZTE RAN. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

4.1.11

ZWF25-02-003 RAB Combination for CS over DCH and PS over HSUPA Benefits This feature can support RAB combination for CS over DCH and PS over HSUPA, for example, user can make voice or video call while uploading data. Description All ZTE RAN can support CS service and PS I/B/S service over HSUPA concurrently: −

CS AMR voice service

−

CS data service, such as video call service.

−

CS data streaming service, such as FAX service.

−

CS AMR-WB voice service

Note: 1 CS service and 3 PS services can be supported concurrently at most.

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

When CS service and PS service over HSUPA channel are provided concurrently, the actual maximum bit rate of the uplink PS service depends on UE category, the MBR subscribed in the CN (Core Network), payload of the system, and the wireless environment at the time of access. The RAB wireless parameters used for supporting CS service and the PS service over HSUPA concurrently comply with 3GPP TS 34.108 in ZTE RAN. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No.

4.1.12

ZWF25-02-004 RAB Combination for Multiple Packet Data Services over HSUPA Benefits This feature uses HSUPA channel to carry multiple RABs for multiple PS services, which respectively are corresponding to multiple PDPs. For instance, a user can receive MMS while downloading data. IMS-based streaming service, VoIP service and other services need to use multiple PDPs at the same time as well. Description This feature supports up to 4 concurrent PS I/B/S services. The maximal rate of each PS service is decided by subscription rate in CN. The total concurrent rate of all services cannot exceed the maximal available rate of HSUPA, which depends on UE capacity, load of the system and the user radio link environment, etc. ZTE RAN system supports concurrent multiple PS services over HSUPA. The RAB radio parameters comply with 3GPP TS 34.108 protocol. Introduced Version U9.1&Before

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

Enhancement From UR11.2 it is supported for four concurrent PS RABs

4.1.13

ZWF25-03-001 HSUPA Soft/Softer Handover Benefits This feature is used to keep service continuity and guarantee the communication quality while HSUPA users are moving across intra-frequency adjacent cells. Description ZTE RAN system supports E-DCH soft/softer handover after HSUPA is introduced. The handover procedure for E-DCH is the same as that for DCH. (Please refer to ZWF21-03-001 Soft/Softer Handover). ZTE RAN system supports intra-Node B E-DCH softer handover as well as inter-Node B E-DCH soft handover and inter-RNC E-DCH soft handover. (ZWF25-03-005 HSUPA over Iur is required). Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

4.1.14

ZWF25-03-002 E-DCH Serving Cell Change inside Active Set Benefits This feature is used to keep the service continuity and guarantee the communication quality while users are moving across HSUPA cells. Description

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

The uplink data of a HSUPA user can be sent through multiple cells in its active set. However, the scheduling is always controlled by one cell, which is called E-DCH serving cell. When HSUPA user is moving across HSUPA cells, ZTE RAN system properly changes E-DCH serving cell to the cell with best radio quality, according to pilot power level measured by the UE, to dominate the E-DCH scheduling. Therefore the interference to other non-serving cells in active set is minimized and scheduling effect is optimized. If a user is using HSUPA and HSDPA simultaneously, E-DCH serving cell and HSDPA serving cell is always the same one. If the user moves, E-DCH serving cell and HSDPA serving cell will change together. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

4.1.15

ZWF25-03-003 E-DCH Intra-Frequency Hard Handover Benefits As a supplement to soft handover, E-DCH intra-frequency hard handover is used to keep the service continuity if the soft handover can not be executed between the intra-frequency adjacent cells for some causes. Description ZTE RAN system supports E-DCH intra-frequency hard handover when HSUPA is introduced. The process is the same as that of DCH. (Please refer to ZWF21-03-002 Intra-Frequency Hard Handover). If the target cell supports HSUPA, E-DCH serving cell will be changed during intra-frequency hard handover. Otherwise, E-DCH will be switched to DCH during this operation.

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

4.1.16

ZWF25-03-004 E-DCH Inter-Frequency Hard Handover Benefits This feature enables an HSUPA user to hand over between inter-frequency cells, which helps to keep service continuity while moving across inter-frequency adjacent cells. It also can be used for load balance among inter-frequency cells in the same coverage. Description ZTE RAN system supports E-DCH inter-frequency hard handover when HSUPA is introduced. The process is the same as that of DCH. (Please refer to ZWF21-03-003 Inter-Frequency Hard Handover). If the target cell supports HSUPA, E-DCH serving cell will be changed during inter-frequency hard handover. Otherwise, E-DCH will be switched to DCH during this operation. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

4.1.17

ZWF25-03-005 HSUPA over Iur Benefits

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

This feature enables HSUPA data frame to be transmitted on Iur interface between RNC, which can improve user experience for high speed data service when moving across different RNCs. Description When an HSUPA user is moving across cells of different RNCs, ZTE RAN system controls parameters configuration to DRNC and attached Node B via Iur interface. HSUPA data frame can be transmitted via Iur interface as well so that E-DCH transmission is retained during inter-RNC handover through Iur interface and it prevents service from falling back to DCH. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

4.1.18

ZWF25-03-012 HSUPA inter-RAT Reselection Benefits This feature keeps service continuity when an HSUPA user is moving between UMTS cell and GSM cell. Description ZTE RAN system supports direct inter-cell handover to force an HSUPA user to access to the GSM cell when handover is necessary. It is not necessary to fall back from E-DCH to DCH before inter-RAT reselection. However, most E-DCH capable UEs do not support compression mode and inter-frequency measurement. ZTE RAN system can define that E-DCH should fall back to DCH during HSUPA inter-RAT Reselection as an optional function and it can be configured by ZTE OMC system. Introduced Version

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

U9.1&Before Enhancement No

4.1.19

ZWF25-04-001 Admission Control for HSUPA Service Benefits This feature implements radio access control for incoming HSUPA service request. Admission control differentiates service priority and allocates system resources to users and services according to service priority respectively without decreasing system stability. Description If both Node B and UE are HSUPA capable, HSUPA radio resources can be allocated during service request process. The scenarios in which the service requires new system resources include RRC connection, RAB setup, RAB modification, SRNC relocation, Iur relocation, intra-RNC handover, and dynamic channel allocation, etc. In order to avoid resource exhaustion or overload when accepting new HSUPA service requests, ZTE RAN evaluates the system resources for HSUPA according to the following factors: −

Number of HSUPA users

−

CE resource of Node B

−

Uplink interference

−

Capacity of downlink channel

The capacity of downlink channel is restricted by the number of E-HICH/E-RGCH. Each E-HICH/E-RGCH can be multiplexed for up to 20 HSUPA users. When performing admission control, ZTE RAN system will consider basic strategy (Please refer to ZWF21-05-003 Differentiated Service) to enable users and services with higher priority to get more system resources and higher QoS level.

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

4.1.20

ZWF25-04-002 Overload Control for HSUPA Service Benefits Overload control can stabilize the overloaded system by decreasing system load. System resource will be reallocated to users and services according to their priority of HSUPA services. Description Overload control for HSUPA service is based on RTWP measurement of the cell. When the uplink interference arrives at overload threshold, the following actions of load control can be triggered. −

Decrease DCH rate

−

Trigger inter-frequency/inter-RAT handover

−

Drop the calls by force.

ZTE RAN system differentiates users and services of different priorities (Please refer to ZWF21-05-002 RAB QoS Parameters Mapping). The load of low-priority users and services will be decreased first, therefore high priority users and services may get more system resources and higher QoS. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

4.1.21

ZWF25-04-003 Load Balance for HSUPA Service Benefits Load balance enables system to deploy traffic to multiple carriers of UMTS or GSM system if available, making best use of radio resources and improving the quality of the network. Description While HSUPA function is introduced, ZTE RAN system supports HSUPA service load balance among multiple carriers of UMTS or GSM (Please refer to ZWF21-04-011 Load Balancing for basic process). Besides the primary factor of uplink interference, the HSUPA capability of Node B and UE are also considered for HSUPA load balance. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No.

4.1.22

ZWF25-04-004 Congestion Control Strategy for HSUPA Benefits Congestion control intends to reallocate radio resources in the case of system congestion according to service attributes, so as to improve the call setup success ratio and enable proper utilization of system resources. Description After HSUPA is introduced, the cell will be congested if it fails to accommodate the incoming HSUPA services. ZTE RAN supports the following congestion control strategies:

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

Decrease DCH rate DCH rate will be decreased if the incoming HSUPA services are restricted because of uplink interference.

Service preemption Service preemption means that ZTE RAN will drop some UEs in connected state (E-DCH channel or DCH channel) or decrease the DCH rate when the number of HSUPA services or CE resource is restricted.

Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

4.1.23

ZWF25-04-005 Dynamic Channel Type Transfer for HSUPA Service Benefits This feature is used to select and switch bearer channel according to user’s requirement and system resource utilization status. The feature intends to make full use of radio resources and guarantee the stability of the system and the QoS of services. Description ZTE RAN system is able to select bearer channel among E-DCH, DCH or RACH for the service and configure radio parameters correspondingly, according to service requirement and system resource utilization status. In order to accommodate requirements of service and practical status of system resources, ZTE RAN system supports the following functions during channel migration: l

Dynamically adjust channel type to save system resource according to the practical traffic of I/B class service −

If traffic is high, migration from RACH to E-DCH will be triggered

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

−

If traffic is low, migration from E-DCH to RACH will be triggered

−

If no traffic, migration from E-DCH to PCH or Idle will be triggered

−

If a UE at CELL_PCH state needs to transmit data, migration from PCH to E-DCH will be triggered

Adjust channel type to decrease the system load according to cell load −

When the cell uplink is overloaded, the user can be switched to common RACH from dedicated E-DCH to decrease the system load and guarantee the system stabilized.

Adjust channel type to guarantee the service quality according to downlink channel quality −

If a UE on E-DCH channel moves to the edge of the cell and triggers 1F event, it indicates that the quality of current channel is bad and channel migration from E-DCH to DCH will be triggered.

Adjust channel type to guarantee mobile service continuity according to the capability of target cell −

If the capability of source cell and target cell is different during handover, channel migration between E-DCH and DCH will be triggered to guarantee the service continuity.

Downlink channel migration accompanies uplink channel migration: −

If uplink channel is RACH, downlink channel must be FACH. If uplink channel is E-DCH, generally, downlink channel is HS-DSCH.

Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

4.1.24

ZWF25-04-006 Power Allocation for HSUPA Benefits This feature supports power parameter configuration and control for HSUPA service to improve system resources utilization and increase system capacity. Description HSUPA Power Control includes: Uplink Open Loop Power Control, Uplink Outer Loop Power Control, and Downlink Open Loop Power Control. ZTE RAN system supports HSUPA Uplink Open Loop Power Control, including: l

Dynamic configuration of E-DPCCH power offset to DPCCH In order to guarantee the BBLER of E-DPCCH control signaling, E-DPCCH Power Offset should be set to a proper value according to different TTI (2ms or 10ms).

Dynamic configuration of reference E-TFC and the corresponding PO The system uses various tables of reference E-TFC and corresponding E-DPDCH Power Offset, according to the different TTI (2ms or 10ms), to calculate the power required for other non-reference E-TFCs.

Dynamic configuration of E-DCH MAC-d Flow Power Offset The power offset varies for different kinds of services to reflect different service quality. For example, higher priority service has higher power offset to get better service quality.

The principle of HSUPA Uplink Outer Power Control is similar with R99. It adjusts SIRtarget based on service quality, which is used by Inner Loop Power Control, to adjust UE transmission power. However, the service quality of HSUPA is evaluated by retransmission times of FP, the more times of retransmission, the worse channel quality. Consequently, the required SIRtarget is raised and transmission power is increased. Otherwise, the required SIRtarget falls and transmission power is decreased. HSUPA Downlink Open Loop Power Control configures E-AGCH, E-RGCH/E-HICH with proper power offset, guaranteeing that UE correctly receives downlink control message including E-DCHAG, RG and ACK/NACK, etc. Because the receiving performance of E-RGCH/E-HICH in macro diversity condition has a soft handover gain relative to that of

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

E-AGCH without macro diversity, ZTE RAN system dynamically adjusts E-AGCH Power Offset to save transmission power according to handover status. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

4.1.25

ZWF25-04-007 Code Allocation for HSUPA Benefits This feature provides the configuration of SC (Scrambling Code) and CC (Channelized Code) for HSUPA service. Description After HSUPA is introduced, ZTE RAN system supports HSUPA code management for the following types l

Downlink SC E-AGCH, E-HICH/E-RGCH use Primary SC of the cell

Uplink SC For a UE, E-DPCCH and E-DPDCH use the same SC as that of uplink DPCCH

Downlink CC E-AGCH uses CC with SF 256. E-RGCH/HICH uses the same CC with SF 128. E-AGCH and E-RGCH/HICH CC are statically configured. Because the number of supported users of each E-AGCH and E-RGCH/HICH is limited, the number of E-AGCH and E-RGCH/HICH is configured according to the predicted number of HSUPA users within the cell. If the amount of E-AGCH and E-RGCH/E-HICH is configured statically, the HSUPA access failure or channel codes wasting may occur as the variation of HSUPA users in network, therefore, RAN should support the dynamic configuration for the amount

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

of E-AGCH and E-RGCH/E-HICH, and it can be adjusted according to HSUPA users in a cell. l

Uplink CC CC with SF 256 is always used for E-DPCCH. The remaining CC of OVSF code tree can be used for E-DPDCH. ZTE RAN feature DRBC can configure the minimized SF for a UE automatically according to practical traffic of the service to save the Node B’s baseband resource.

Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement UR11.2 introduces E-AGCH and E-RGCH/HICH Dynamic Allocation.

4.1.26

ZWF25-04-008 RSEPS based HSUPA RRM Benefits This feature provides measurement on Received Scheduled E-DCH Power Share (RSEPS), which is profitable for admission control, load balance and background noise estimation with certain accuracy so that effective RRM is achieved. Description In 3GPP R6, Node B reports RTWP measurement results and E-DCH Provided Bit Rate to RNC. However, the uplink load situation of HSUPA cell is not reflected accurately with the information of RTWP and E-DCH Provided Bit Rate only. Especially when an HSUPA cell is in high uplink load, it is impossible for RNC to manage system resource effectively, then uplink noise probably increases sharply and it causes packet loss or call drop For this reason, measurement of Received Scheduled E-DCH Power Share (RSEPS) is introduced in 3GPP R7. RSEPS is defined as a ratio: sum of all scheduled E-DPCCH and E-DPDCH power for all UEs in a serving E-DCH cell, divided by the corresponding RTWP of the cell in the same time duration. Both RSEPS and RTWP in the duration of RSEPS calculated are reported to RNC by Node B.

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

In admission control and load balance, RSEPS is one of the factors to estimate the uplink noise of an HSUPA cell. Introduced Version U9.2 Enhancement No

4.1.27

ZWF25-04-009 HSUPA Adaptive Transmission Benefits This feature can improve the HSUPA capacity for the cell through adaptive adjustment of the HARQ retransmission times. Description Simulation result shows that the HARQ retransmission times influence the HUSPA capacity. If the number of the HUSPA user is small, fewer HARQ retransmission times are better for the HUSPA capacity. And if the number of the HUSPA user is large, more HARQ retransmission times are better for the HUSPA capacity. This feature will adaptively adjust the HUSPA HARQ retransmission times based on the number of the HUSPA user for the cell. It is useful to improve the HUSPA capacity. Introduced Version U9.3 Enhancement None

4.1.28

ZWF25-04-010 HSUPA E-AGCH CLPC Benefits

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

This feature implements HSUPA E-AGCH closed-loop power control to effectively reduce the network interference for the channel without power control. It can increase system capacity, effectively use DL transmit power, reduce interference and improve HSUPA performance. Description E-AGCH closed-loop power control which can make a closed-loop according to the feedback of DPCCH and CQI will apply the service channel power control on the control channels. When the channel quality information obtained by DPCCH or CQI forms the power control command, this command will not only be transmitted to service channel but also to the corresponding control channel in order to implement the consistent association of service channel and corresponding control channel and ensure the reliable transfer of control information. The power control can be used to resist the modification of radio environment. In the state of DPA/UPA coexistence, E-AGCH power control based on CQI or HS-SCCH can effectively adjust E-AGCH power, the advantages are: Reduce E-AGCH power consumption; E-AGCH power control is more flexible. According to 3GPP description, UPA and DPA have the same serving cell. AGCH belonging to UPA serving cell can use HSDPA CQI and HS-SCCH to implement E-AGCH power control. E-AGCH power offset will be adjusted by CQI and HS-SCCH to save DL transmitting power. CQI reflects the channel quality of serving cell. The available CQI information can adjust AGCH power offset. Error probabilities of HS-SCCH demodulation can be adjusted by HS-SCCH transmit power modification. AGCH power offset can be changed based on HS-SCCH due to the same requirement of AGCH and HS-SCCH demodulation. For the E-AGCH power control, there may be three power control methods: 1) Fixed power control; 2) Associated DPCCH closed-loop power control; 3) Associated CQI/HS-SCCH power control. E-AGCH will implement the method of 1) and 3) at least. Introduced Version

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

U9.3 Enhancement No

4.1.29

ZWF25-04-011 HSUPA E-RGCH/HICH CLPC Benefits This feature implements HSUPA E-RGCH/HICH closed-loop power control. E-HICH power control based on CQI can reduce average RBS power consumption and increase DL capacity and bit rate. Description E-RGCH/HICH closed-loop power control which can make a closed-loop according to the feedback of DPCCH and CQI will apply the service channel power control on the control channels. When the channel quality information obtained by DPCCH or CQI forms the power control command, this command will not only be transmitted to service channel but also to the corresponding control channel in order to implement the consistent association of service channel and corresponding control channel and ensure the reliable transfer of control information. The power control can be used to resist the modification of radio environment. E-HICH transmit shall have enough power. The total DL interference decrease can improve DL bit rate and capacity. The power level is decided by CQI measurement. The algorithm is based on the current HS-SCCH power control principle. For the E-RGCH/HICH power control, there may be three power control methods: 1) Fixed power control; 2) Associated DPCCH closed-loop power control; 3) Associated CQI/HS-SCCH power control. E-AGCH will implement the method of 1) and 2) at least. Introduced Version U9.3 Enhancement

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

4.1.30

ZWF25-05-001 QoS Mapping for HSUPA Service Benefits This feature implements QoS Mapping for HSUPA Service to support Node B scheduling based on priorities of users and services, realizing different user experiences. Description ZTE RNC maps priorities of services and users assigned by RAB to HSUPA SPI (Scheduling Priority Indicator). ZTE Node B supports SPI-based scheduling algorithm. The higher SPI, the more chance and scheduled resource (Power Grant) the UE can get. Therefore different user experiences are realized. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

4.1.31

ZWF25-05-002 HSUPA Nominal Bit Rate for I/B Service Benefits This feature provides Nominal Bit Rate (NBR) for I/B class services which are similar to GBR. The feature can avoid user experience degrading due to the cause that I/B class service users are blocked and can’t be scheduled for a long time. Description ZTE RAN system supports NBR for I/B class service over HSUPA. RNC provides NBR parameters to Node B for I/B class service. During HSUPA fast scheduling, Node B guarantees the lowest bit rate for I/B class service according to the assigned NBR. Introduced Version

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

U9.1&Before Enhancement No

4.1.32

ZWF25-05-003 Directed Retry between E-DCH and DCH Benefits This feature establishes the service on proper carrier when R99 and HSUPA are deployed on separated carriers. Description ZTE RAN system supports dedicated carrier configuration for R99 and HSDPA services. For example, a cell can be set to be HSUPA dedicated and reject R99 service. Different transport channels are suitable for different kinds of service. For example, CS service needs dedicated DCH to guarantee real-time capability while high speed packet data service should use E-DCH to make use of higher frequency efficiency. If the network has multiple carriers and at least one of them is dedicated for HSUPA or R99, it’s necessary to allocate radio resources to different carriers according to the property of service. If the carrier that user accesses is not the carrier required by the service, ZTE RAN system will trigger inter-frequency handover to directly switch the service to the expected carrier. For example, a user initiates a CS session in an HSUPA dedicated carrier, and RNC will directly try to switch it to the carrier supporting R99. Or a user initiates high speed packet data session in an R99 dedicated carrier, and RNC will directly try to switch it to the carrier supporting HSUPA. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

4.1.33

ZWF25-05-004 HSUPA Flow Control Benefits This feature realizes the uplink data control mechanism between the RNC and the Node B in order to avoid data loss due to Iub transmission congestion when the Node B transmits too much data. Description When the peak rate of E-DCH channel is very high, if the transmission bandwidth configured for the Iub interface is very small or the available transmission bandwidth becomes smaller because of some transmission link trouble, the data transmission becomes congested, and the data is disordered, discarded, or delayed. At the moment, it is necessary to reduce the uplink transmitting traffic capacity that does not exceed the uplink transmission bandwidth. This can avoid retransmission due to congestion and reducing the transmission efficiency. Additional, HSUPA user consumes more UL CE than R99 user. So there might be a situation that baseband resource is out of use for lots of HSUPA users. When it happens, Node B is able to perform flow control as well. To HSUPA serving RL, Node B can completely and independently schedule UE UL data rate when Iub bandwidth or CE is not enough. However, it’s not the same for non-serving RL when HSUPA user is in macro-diversity status, which limits the direct control on UE UL data transmission. Node B will send RL failure indication message to RNC including congestion information, and then RNC will reconfigure the data rate of the user allowed by UL to decrease the UL data transmission accordingly. On RNC side, ZTE equipment records the information on the data frame receiving time, FSN, and CFN of each E-DCH channel. Based on the information, ZTE RNC can detect the frame loss rate and fame time delay variation of the period, and finally judge whether congestion occurs at the Iub interface. When congestion is detected at the Iub interface, the RNC sends the TNL Congestion Indication frames to the Node B. According to the congestion information, the Node B degrades the grant to the UE and controls the uplink transmitted bit rate of the UE, and this reduces the data traffics of the Iub interface. Introduced Version

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

U9.1&Before Enhancement No

4.2

Other HSUPA Related Functionality

4.2.1

ZWF25-01-024 HSUPA 2ms TTI & 5.76Mbps Peak Bit Rate Benefits This feature enables to use the E-DCH 2ms TTI to shorten the latency of uplink data transmission and improve the uplink bit rate up to 5.76 Mbps for one cell. It is very valuable for the user experience and the uplink throughput for a cell. Description ZTE RAN system supports 2ms TTI for HSUPA E-DCH channel. Compared to 10ms TTI, 2ms TTI has the following advantages: −

The frame alignment time during the data framing of the transmitter decreases so that air interface latency is greatly reduced

−

The Round Trip Time (RTT) of HARQ process is reduced so that HARQ performance as well as user data rate is improved

−

2ms TTI enables Node B to track cell load status and allocate resource within 2ms. It improves the utilization rate of the system resource

−

2ms TTI improves the uplink throughput up to 5.76 Mbps for a cell. To achieve this high performance, the UE must be category 6 or higher

2ms TTI E-DCH channel can provide higher throughput. But it will increase the uplink noise. And the coverage of 2 ms TTI E-DCH channel is worse than the coverage of 10ms TTI E-DCH. ZTE RAN realizes the TTI switching between 10 ms TTI and 2 ms TTI based on the uplink speed of the UE.

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

If the uplink speed of the UE is lower, ZTE RAN will choose the 10 ms TTI E-DCH channel. It will reduce the uplink noise and increase the uplink coverage. If the uplink speed of the UE is higher, ZTE RAN will choose the 2 ms TTI E-DCH channel to improve the service experience. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement U9.3 realizes the TTI switching between 10 ms TTI and 2 ms TTI based on the uplink speed of the UE.

HSPA Evolution

5.1

R7 HSPA+

5.1.1

ZWF26-01-001 64QAM for HSDPA Benefits The HSDPA technology defined in the 3GPP R5 protocol introduces the downlink shared channel HS-DSCH and the related physical layer processing. In an environment with satisfactory wireless quality, the HS-DSCH channel can use the 16QAM high order modulation, making the cell peak rate reach 14.4Mbps other than DCH channel, which only can be modulated by QPSK. To further improve the downlink peak rate of a cell and system frequency spectrum utilization efficiency, the HS-PDSCH channel can use 64QAM modulation mode in 3GPP R7. Having used the 64QAM modulation, the 6 consecutive symbols in each group (including nk, nk+1, nk+2, nk+3, nk+4, and nk+5) are converted into two branches (I and Q branches) through serial-to-parallel conversion. In branch I, there are 3 consecutive symbols (i 1= nk, i 2= nk+2, i 3= nk+4); in branch Q, there are three consecutive symbols: q1= nk+1, q2= nk+3, q3= nk+5. The symbols in branch I and Q can be mapped into 64 constellations through

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

modulation. The 16QAM modulation can process 4 consecutive symbols at a time. Therefore, the modulation efficiency of the 64QAM increases by 50% in contrast to that of 16QAM. Compared with the HS-DSCH in R5, the peak rate of a single user increases by 50%, reaching 21.6Mbps. Introduced Version U9.1&Before Enhancement No

5.1.2

ZWF26-01-003 HSDPA MIMO Benefits This feature provides 2x2 MIMO techniques in HSDPA, which will double spectrum efficiency at most. For the same bandwidth, the system would improve about average bit rate by 20% and peat bit rate by 100%. Single HSDPA user can reach 28.8Mbps peak bit rate. It is a better choice for operators who want to improve system capacity but lack spectrum or spectrum costs too much. Description In general, MIMO means the use of multiple antennae at transmitter and receiver side in order to suppress channel fading. Through multi-antenna system, both system capacity and spectrum efficiency can be improved without adding bandwidth or transmission power. Moreover, it can also be beneficial to enhance channel reliability and reduce BER. In case of Tx diversity, the same data stream is transmitted by 2 antennae. However in case of MIMO, pre-encoding is used for two independent data streams to decrease correlation and reduce inter-antenna interference. After pre-encoding, two data streams are transmitted in 2 antennae simultaneously. Each data steam is associated to an antenna so as to double transmission bandwidth.

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

Figure 5-1 Basic Principle of 2×2 MIMO Technical Solution CPICH1

Primary transport block HS-DSCH

w1 Tr CH processing

∑

∑ w2 w3

Spread/scramble Secondary transport block HS-DSCH

Ant1

Ant2

w4 TrCH proc essing

∑

∑ CPICH 2 w1 w2 w3 w4

Prim ary: Always pr esent for scheduled UE Secondary: Optionally present for scheduled UE

Weight Generation

Deter mine weight info message from the uplink

The figure shows the basic principle of HSDPA 2 x 2 MIMO technical solutions. The channel coding, interleaving, and spreading are performed in MIMO mode. Two transport blocks transmitting simultaneously are spread and scrambled by the same channelized code and scrambling code. The scheduler in Node B decides how many transport blocks (1 or 2) should be transmitted to UE in one TTI. The complex value after spreading is transferred to 2 antennae in MIMO, and transmitted after weighting processing with Pre-coding vectors

w1 , w2 , w3 and w4 .

w3 = w1 = 1 / 2 w4 = − w2

1 + j 1 − j w2 ∈  , , 2  2

−1+ j , 2

−1 − j   2 

UE sends PCI (pre-coding index) to Node B according to channel state, and Node B chooses corresponding

w1 , w2 , w3 and w4 according to PCI.

The 3GPP R7 protocols define the categories of the UEs that support MIMO, only categories 15, 16, 17 and 18 support MIMO. The 3GPP R7 protocols also add the

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

information elements (IEs) that support MIMO in the report of local cell capability. The RNC determines whether the RL supports MIMO according to the local cell capability and UE capability. If the RL supports MIMO, the MAC-hs scheduler of the Node B decides whether to use MIMO according to the following aspects: −

Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) reported by the UE

−

Pre-coding Control Indication (PCI)

−

HS-PDSCH code resources and power resources of the Node B

In case of the UE does not fulfill the conditions of MIMO, Node B will transmit data by Tx diversity of single stream. Having configured MIMO, there are two options to transmit pilot signal. −

Option 1: the two antennae transmit same pilot signal using P-CPICH;

−

Option 2: one antenna transmits P-CPICH, and the other transmits S-CPICH.

When two antennae transmit same pilot signal using P-CPICH, MIMO will degrade to STTD. As most of commercial terminals nowadays will forbid equalizer receiver when working in STTD mode and the performance of UE will degrade greatly, 3GPP recommends VAM method instead of STTD to realize MIMO networking for legacy and MIMO UEs. The VAM solution is depicted in the following Figure:

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

Figure 5-2 VAM Option with MIMO Ant1 VAM

U11

Trch processing

R99/HS

Ant2 Spread/scramble

U21

P-CPICH

R99/HS

Trch processing

Ant1 Spread/scramble

P-CPICH Primary transport block

HS-DSCH

VAM W1

Trch processing

U11 ∑

∑

U21

Ant2

Spread/scramble Secondary transport block

HS-DSCH

Trch processing U22

∑ ∑

S-CPICH

U12

Spread/scramble

In this solution, F1 only bears legacy R99 users and HSPA users. F2 bears MIMO, R99 and HSPA users. S-CPICH is only used for MIMO carrier, i.e.F2, and only P-CPICH transmits for F1 carrier. The introduction of VAM will induce the PCI weight restriction problem. As the figure above, data has to be processed by twice phase offset operation, the first is MIMO processing, and the second is VAM. In case of single-stream of MIMO, when some Pre-coding sets are adopted, the phase offset of these two operations are duplicated in one antenna, which will lead to the transmitting power of this antenna doubles at the moment, but at the same, the phase offset in another antenna are canceled, which will lead to no transmitting power in this antenna. To avoid imbalance of transmitting power in two antennas, if the Pre-coding weight is not restricted, the performance of MIMO in single stream will degrade evidently. Through the restriction of PCI from UE feedback, the degradation will be reduced. 3GPP adopts a method that networks perform PCI restrict when they receive the PCI feedback of UE. In this method, NodeB reports its PCI restriction capability to RNC, then RNC congigures the Precoding weight set restriction information elements to UE according to NodeB capability, and UE performs the MIMO Precoding weight set restriction processing.

This feature provides S-CPICH Power

Offset to reduce the interference caused by the secondary pilot to the traditional UE and improve the system performance. The secondary pilot signal is only used for MIMO UE

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

and it will interfere with the non-MIMO UE. S-CPICH power offset which lead to flexibly configured S-CPICH power according to the MIMO UE’s growing situation can reduce the interference to the non-MIMO UE. In addition, this configuration information should notify UE besides Node B, because S-CPICH power offset will affect the channel estimation and demodulation performance of MIMO UE. During the real network test, the phase adjustment for VAM matrix will result in a considerable effect. So, E-VAM (Evolved MIMO fixed) is introduced. In this solution, the secondary pilot by VAM matrix will implement the phase transformation once again (The essence is to adjust the phase of VAM matrix without any effect of power balance for PA) to get the maximum receiving power and CQI will achieve the most value. The input of offset transformation calculation is based on CQI. CQI-based Phase Offset adaptive Algorithm (PAA) indicates that the following procedures will implement repeatedly per period: 1) The selection for the optimum phase offset θ ; 2) The implementation for the optimum phase offset θ . The combination of E-VAM and CQI-based PAA can increase the throughput in the static multi-user scenario. The introduction of S-CPICH channel to MIMO UEs brings interference to legacy UEs. To reduce the interference to legacy UEs, and also for energy saving purpsoe, S-CPICH transmitting can be automatically halted when few MIMO UEs access to network, meanwhile these MIMO services will be switches to traditional SISO mode. During this MIMO deactication period, Node B could switch off the secondary PA for further energy saving. When the amount of MIMO capable UEs connected to network exceeds specified threshold, S-CPICH will automatically resume transmitting and MIMO function can be available again. Introduced Version U11.2 Enhancement None.

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

5.1.3

ZWF26-01-004 16QAM in HSUPA Benefits This feature supports HSUPA 16QAM high-order modulation. When UE uses the code configuration of 2SF2+2SF4 and 16QAM technology, the cell peak rate can be up to 11.5Mbps. Relative to QPSK, 16QAM has the higher modulation gain to increase the cell uplink capacity. Description With increasing the downlink data rate of DL MIMO/64QAM application, HSUPA 16QAM is introduced in 3GPP R7 to achieve the adaptability between the uplink and downlink rates. The uplink UE Category 7 can support it. Having introduced 16QAM modulation, the UL physical layer will produce the changes in SF selection (modulation method), coding, gain factor, interleaving, rate matching, etc. For 16QAM, because the legacy rake receiver cannot be satisfied with the receiving performance in the fading channel, the equalizer should be used for receiving. Generally, G-Rake, MPC, LMMSE, MUD, etc. can be chose. Rake receiver is applied to Gauss channel and only the equalizer can be used in fading channel. The UL data throughput for the single user can be doubled, so 16QAM can promote sensitivity and provide the high-quality and efficiency network to the operator. E-DPCCH boosting supported in this feature can improve the HSUPA demodulation performance in high speed. Having introduced HSUPA, especially 16QAM, the pilot is required to refer higher SNR in high speed because the traditional DPCCH power control will result in the lack of channel estimation SNR when the uplink speed is higher. Thus, in the case of high speed, this feature supports that E-DPCCH can be the boosting of phase reference signal used for combination channel estimation during E-DPDCH demodulation. Introduced Version UR11.2 Enhancement

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

5.2

R8 HSPA+

5.2.1

ZWF26-02-001 Concurrent of 64QAM and MIMO Benefits This feature supports HSDPA 64QAM+MIMO technology introduced in 3GPP R8. The date rate can be up to 43.2Mbps with 5M bandwidth of single carrier. Description The combination of 64QAM+MIMO is an important technology in R8 version, which will greatly improve the spectrum efficiency and enhance HSPA+ competitiveness. The combination of MIMO with 64QAM is introduced in R8, and only specific category UE (category 19,20,27,28) can support this function. For the UE and network before R8, 64QAM and MIMO can not be used simultaneously. This technology requires high channel quality to achieve its gain, therefore it is applicable to the scenarios of which the channel quality can be ensured.. Introduced Version UR11.2 Enhancement No

5.2.2

ZWF26-02-004 DC-HSDPA Benefits This feature supports FDD DC HSDPA, which is Dual-Cell or Dual-Carrier HSDPA. HSDPA Dual-Cell and 64QAM can make HSDPA downlink physical layer peak rate

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

reach 43.2Mbps. DC-HSDPA can not only double the cell rate in cell center, but also double the cell edge user rate to improve network rate. Description DL MIMO and 64QAM increase the user peak rate and cell throughput. However, when the user is in the cell edge, the user experience cannot be improved. In the case of bad radio condition, MIMO and 64QAM also cannot be effectively utilized. DC-HSDPA introduced in 3GPP R8 protocol will configure two adjacent carriers in one cell to increase the frequency efficiency and the user throughput. If the UEs support DC-HSDPA, they have two cells including serving cell and secondary serving cell in the downlink, and one cell in the uplink. Only the serving cell which would be provided with the same capability to the single-carrier cell has corresponding uplink channel. The secondary serving cell only includes the physical channels for HSDPA transmission, such as CPICH, HS-PDSCH and HS-SCCH. With the joint proportion fair scheduling, DC user scheduling decided by the scheduled priority and resource of each carrier can be processed in both carriers. In DC-HSDPA, the single proportion fair scheduling algorithm independently calculates schedule priority factor in each carrier. The joint proportion fair scheduling will calculate the scheduled priority factor based on the transport block of two carriers when calculating the history traffic. If UE is capable and RAN has the License for the features, 64QAM could be activated during DC-HSDPA operation in any carrier or both carriers when radio quality is good enough. Furthermore, DC-HSDPA can be combined with CPC. When the secondary serving cell is activated, HS-SCCH orders for the activation and deactivation of downlink DRX will not only be transmitted in the serving cell, but also in the secondary serving cell. They have the same DRX status. HS-SCCH-less operation is only supported for serving cell but not for the secondary serving cell. HS-SCCH orders would be transmitted in both serving cell and secondary serving cell. If function of DC HSDPA is available in both UE and RAN, and MIMO is not activated or DC is prior to MIMO in O&M configuration, DC will be activated automatically when HSDPA channel established. ZTE RNC can dynamically choose primary cell according to cell-pair configuration of DC in Node B and load situation in both carriers. ZTE Node B

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

supports dynamically dual carrier inactivity control, which implements the secondary carrier activation/deactivation in the case of dual carrier to reduce UE battery’s power consumption. In the mode of dual carrier, the secondary carrier will be deactivated when there is a few data or no data to transmit during a period of time. In this way, HS-SCCH demodulation is not required to process in the secondary carrier to be used for UE power saving. Similarly, the secondary carrier will be activated when the data is transmitted in another carrier. Handover also is supported by ZTE RAN between DC HSDPA area and non DC HSDPA area to keep service continuity. DC-HSDPA is applicable to the operators that can provide more frequency resources. Relative to the users in cell centre, the users in cell edge would be provided more DC-HSDPA gain. Comparing with two SC-HSDPA carriers, DC-HSDPA can improve the user throughput and sector throughput. With the increase of the number of users, the gain will be accordingly reduced. In DC-HSDPA services establishment, to increase DC-HSDPA service access success rate and improve resource efficiency, the primary serving cell and secondary serving cell can be dynamically selected with consideration of cell load. Introduced Version U11.2 Enhancement None.

Abbreviation 16QAM

16 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation

AAL

ATM Adaptation Layer

AAL2

ATM Adaptation Layer type 2

ABR

Available Bit Rate

Access Class

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

ACK

Acknowledgement

ACL

Address Control List

A-DPCH

Associated Dedicated Physical Channel

AICH

Acquisition Indicator Channel Acquisition Indicator

Channel AISG

Antenna Interface Standards Group

Absolute Grant

AGPS

Assisted Global Positioning System

ALCAP

Access Link Control Application Protocol

Acknowledged Mode

AMC

Adaptive Modulation and Coding

AMR

Adaptive Multi Rate

AMR-WB

Adaptive Multi-Rate Wide band

AMR-NB

Adaptive Multi-Rate Narrow band

ANT

Antenna

APS

Active Protection System

ARP

Allocation/Retention Priority

ARQ

Automatic Repeat ReQuest

Access Stratum

ASC

Access Service Class

ATM

Asynchronous Transfer Mode

AWGN

Additive White Gaussian Noise

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

BBU

Base Band Unit

BER

Bit Error Ratio

BFD

Bidirectional Forwarding Detection

BITS

Building Integrated Timing Supply System

BLER

Block Error Ratio

BM-SC

Broadcast Multicast Serving Center

BOOTP

Bootstrap Protocol

BSC

Base Station Controller

BSSMAP

Base Station Subsystem Management Application Part

BTS

Base Transceiver Station

CAC

Call Admission Control

CBC

Cell Broadcast Center

CBE

Cell Broadcast Entity

CBR

Constant Bit Rate

CBS

Cell Broadcast Service

Continuity Check

Chase Combining

CCCH

Common Control Channel

CCP

Communication control ports

CDT

Call Detail Trace

Channel Element

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

Core Network

COS

Class of Service

CPC

Continuous Packet Connectivity

CPEX

Capital expenditure

CPICH

Common Pilot Channel

CQI

Channel Quality Indication

Circuit Switched

CSTM-1

Channelized STM-1

DCCH

Dedicated Control Channel

DCH

Dedicated Channel

DC-HSDPA

Dual Cell HSDPA

Duplexer and Filter

DHCP

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

DoS

Denial of Service

DPCCH

Dedicated Physical Control Channel

DPCH

Dedicated Physical Channel

DPDCH

Dedicated Physical Data Channel

DPT

Dynamic Power Track

DRBC

Dynamic Radio Bearer Control

DRNC

Drifting RNC

DRT

Delay Relative Time

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

DRX

Discontinuous Reception

DSAR

Domain Specific Access Restriction

DSCR

Directed Signalling Connection Re-establishment

DTCH

Dedicated Traffic Channel

DTM

Dual Transfer Mode

DTX

Discontinuous Transmission

EcN0

Received energy per chip divided by the power density in

the band E-AGCH

E-DCH Absolute Grant Channel

E-HICH

E-DCH HARQ Acknowledgement Indicator Channel

E-DCH

Enhanced Dedicated Channel

E-DPCCH

E-DCH Dedicated Physical Control Channel

E-DPDCH

E-DCH Dedicated Physical Data Channel

eNodeB

E-UTRAN NodeB

EPD

Early Packet Discard

E-RGCH

E-DCH Relative Grant Channel

ETWS

Earthquake and Tsunami Warning System

E-UTRAN

Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network

E-VAM

Evolved VAM

EVC

Ethernet Virtual Connection

FACH

Forward Access Channel

F-DPCH

Fractional Dedicated Physical Channel

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

Fast Ethernet

FEC

Forward Error Correction

FIR

Full Incremental Redundancy

FLC

Frequency Layer Convergence

FLD

Frequency Layer Dispersion

Frame Protocol

FSN

Frame Sequence Number

Geographical Area

GBR

Guarantee Bit Rate

Gigabit Ethernet

GGSN

Gateway GPRS Support Node

GMGW

Gated Media Gateway

GMSC

Gateway MSC

GPS

Global Positioning System

GERAN

GSM EDGE Radio Access Network

GSM

Global System for Mobile communications

GTP

GPRS Tunneling Protocol

G/U

GSM/UMTS

GWCN

Gateway Core Network

HARQ

Hybrid Automatic Repeat request

HCS

Hierarchical Cell Structure

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

HLR

Home Location Register

H-RNTI

HSDPA Radio Network Temporary Identifier

HSDPA

High Speed Downlink Packet Access

HS-DPCCH

Dedicated Physical Control Channel (uplink) for HS-DSCH

HS-DSCH

High Speed Downlink Shared Channel

HS-PDSCH

High Speed Physical Downlink Shared Channel

HS-SCCH

High Speed Physical Downlink Shared Control Channel

HSUPA

High Speed Uplink Packet Access

Interference cancellation

IDNNS

Intra Domain NAS Node Selector

IKE

Internet Key Exchange

IMA

Inverse Multiplexing over ATM

IMS

IP Multimedia Subsystem

IMSI

International Mobile Subscriber Identity

IPOA

IP over ATM

Incremental Redundancy

KPI

Key Performance Index

Location Area

LACP

Link Aggregation Control Protocol

LCS

Location Services

LMMSE

Linear Minimum Mean Square Error

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

LMT

Local Maintenance Terminal

LTE

Long Term Evolution

M3UA

MTP3 User Adaptation Layer

MAC

Medium Access

MBMS

Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service

MBR

Maximum Bit Rate

MCCH

MBMS point-to-multipoint Control Channel

MCPPP

Multi-Chasis PPP

MCS

Modulation and Coding Scheme

MEP

Maintenance End Point

MEG

Maintenance Entity Group

MGW

Media GateWay

MICH

MBMS Indicator Channel

MIMO

Multiple-Input Multiple-output

MLPPP

Multilink-PPP

MME

Mobile Management Entity

MMS

Multimedia Messaging Service

MOCN

Multi-Operator Core Network

MPC

Multi Path Cancellation

MPO

Measurement Power Offset

Measurement Report

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

MRR

Measurement Report Record

MSC

Mobile Switching Centre

MSCH

MBMS point-to-multipoint Scheduling Channel

MSTP

Multi-Service Transfer Platform

MTCH

MBMS point-to-multipoint Traffic Channel

MTP3B

Message Transfer Part level 3

MTU

Maximum Transfer Unit

MUD

Multi User Detection

NACC

Network Assisted Cell Change

NACK

Negative Acknowledgement

NAS

Non-Access Stratum

NAT

Network Address Translation

NBAP

Node B Application Part

NBR

Nominal Bit Rate

NCP

Node B control port

N-ISDN

Narrowband Integrated Services Digital Network

NITZ

Network Identity and Time Zone

NNSF

Network Node Selection Function

NRI

Network Resource Identifier

NRT

Non-Real Time

NTP

Network Time Protocol

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

OAM

Operation and Maintenance

OMC

Operation and Maintenance Centre

OMCR

Operation and Maintenance Centre of RNC

OPEX

Operating expenses

OSPF

Open Shortest Path First

OVSF

Orthogonal Variable Spreading Factor

Power Amplifier

PCI

Pre-coding Index

PDP

Packet Data Protocol

PDU

Protocol Data Unit

Proportional Fair

PHS

Personal Handy phone System

PICH

Paging Indicator Channel

PIR

Partial Incremental Redundancy

PLMN

Public Land Mobile Network

POS

Packet over SONET/SDH

PPA

Preferred Pool Area

PPD

Partial Packet Discard

PPP

Point-to-Point Protocol

PRACH

Physical Random Access Channel

Packet Switched

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

PSTN

Public Switched Telephone Network

PtM

Point-to-Multipoint

PtP

Point to Point

PVC

Permanent Virtual Circuit

PWS

Public Warning System

QAM

Quadrature Amplitude Modulation

QoS

Quality of Service

QPSK

Quadrature (Quaternary) Phase Shift Keying

Routing Area

RAB

Radio Access Bearer

RACH

Random Access Channel

RAN

Radio Access Network

RANAP

Radio Access Network Application Part

RAT

Radio Access Technology

Radio Bearer

Radio Frequency

Relative Grant

Radio Link

RLC

Radio Link Control

ROHC

Robust Header Compression

Radio Resources

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

RRC

Radio Resource Control

RRM

Radio Resource Management

RRU

Radio Remote Unit

RNC

Radio Network Controller

RNSAP

Radio Network Subsystem Application Part

RSCP

Received Signal Code Power

RSEPS

Received Scheduled E-DCH Power Share

RSU

Radio Sector Unit

Real-Time

RTCP

Real-Time Transport Control Protocol

RTP

Real Time Protocol

RTR

RRU Transceiver

RTT

Round-Trip Time

RTWP

Received Total Wideband Power

Service Area

SAI

Service Area Identifier

SABP

Service Area Broadcast Protocol

SCCP

Signalling Connection Control Part

SCCPCH

Secondary Common Control Physical Channel

SCUDIF

Service Change and UDI/RDI Fallback

SDH

Synchronous Digital Hierarchy

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

SDP

Session Description Protocol

Spreading Factor

SFN

System Frame Number

Scheduling Grant

SGSN

Serving GPRS Support Node

SIB

System Information Block

SIP

Session Initiation Protocol

SIR

Signal-to-Interference Ratio

SLA

Service Level Agreement

SMLC

Service Mobile Location Center

SMS

Short Message Service

SMS-CB

SMS Cell Broadcast

SNA

Shared Network Area

SNR

Signal-to-noise ratio

SNTP

Simple Network Time Protocol

SONET

Synchronous Optical Networking

SPI

Schedule Priority Indicator

SRB

Signalling Radio Bearer

SRNC

Serving Radio Network Controller

SRNS

Serving RNS

SR-VCC

Single Radio Voice Call Continuity

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

SSCF

Service Specific Co-ordination Function

SSCOP

Service Specific Connection Oriented Protocol

STM-1

Synchronous Transport Module Level 1

STTD

Space Time Transmit Diversity

Transport Block

Traffic Class

TCP

Transmission Control Protocol

TDM

Time-division multiplexing

TFI

Transport Format Indicator

TFO

Tandem Free Operation

TFRC

Transport Formation and Resources Combination

THP

Traffic Handling Priority

Transparent Mode

TPC

Transmit Power Control

TrCH

Transport Channel

TrFO

Transcoder Free Operation

TTI

Transmission Time Interval

UBR

Unspecified Bit Rate

UBR+

Unspecified Bit Rate Plus

UDI

Unrestricted Digital Information

User Equipment

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UTRAN UR11.2 Optional Feature Description

UEA

3G Encrypt Algorithm

Unacknowledged Mode

UMTS

Universal Mobile Telecommunications System

URA

User Registration Area UTRAN Registration Area

USIM

Universal Subscriber Identity Module

UTRAN

UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network

VAM

Virtual Antenna Mapping

VBR

Variable Bit Rate

Virtual Circuit

VLAN

Virtual Local Area Network

VoIP

Voice over IP

Virtual Path

VSWR

Voltage Standing Wave Ratio

WCDMA

Wideband Code Division Multiple Access

WRR

Weighted Round Robin

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