ARCH 3370 | MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS PT II
CALCULATION AND APPLICATIONS • SANITATION SYSTEMS • ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS • MECHANICAL SYSTEMS • THERMAL SYSTEMS
MICHAEL JONES; ALDINA IKOVIC; HIRA EFFENDI
DESIGN STATEMENT The design for our group’s sanitation module was inspired by an analysis of a sanitation system located on campus. The intent of the design was to establish a system that was capable of maintaining its functional purpose while in turn minimizes the amount of piping required. Although numerous layouts presented themselves we decided upon an arrangement that assessed hot water piping critical to the systems function and location. This in turn allowed for a reduction in cost when compared to systems assessing hot and cold piping arrangemnts are paired.
SANITATION MODULE
Hot/Cold Water & Drainage Systems Design Hot Water Pipe: Cold Water Pipe: Drainage Pipe:
SANITATION MODULE
3rd Floor
3rd Floor
3rd Floor
3rd Floor
2nd Floor 2nd Floor
2ndFloor Floor 2nd
1st Floor 1st Floor
1stFloor 1st Floor
Drainage Riser Isometric Drainage Riser Isometric Scale: NTS
ColdWater WaterRiser Riser Isometric Cold Isometric Scale: NTS
SANITATION MODULE
Detailed Isometric Isometric Detailed Scale: NTS
Cold Water Cold Water HotWater Water Hot
SANITATION MODULE
LOAD CALCULATIONS
DESIGN STATEMENT The design for our system is laid out with the notion of convenience and basic utilitarian
concerns.
From
the
outside
g e n e r a t o r, t h e l i n e i s d r a w n t o w a r d s t h e i n t e r i o r c i r c u i t b r e a k e r. F r o m t h e r e , t h e electrical layout branches to serve switches and their corresponding outlets. Near the entrance to each space the design calls for immediate electrical supply and switch operations. Within each room, the electrical system is designed to fit the needs of a central light source as well as offer switch functions from an additional location in the room. The doorway switches, those placed a w a y f r o m t h e d o o r, a r e f o r c o n v e n i e n c e in
the
need
for
bedside
operations.
Area of the Apartment: 1200 Sq. Ft. general Lighting/ Receptacle Load 1,200 Sq. Ft. * 3 VA/ Sq. Ft. = 3,600 VA Kitechen
Area/
Laundry/ Small Applicance Load Kitchen Area 2 * 1,500 VA = 3,000 Laundry Circuit 1 * 1,500 VA = 1,500 VA = 4,500 VA
Recepttacle Load + Kitechen Area/ Laundry Appliance Load 3,600 + 4,500 VA = 8100 VA Code Demand 3,342
1st 3,000 VA @ 100% Demand = 3,000 VA Remainder 5,100 VA @ 35% Demand = = 6,342 VA
Fixed Appliances
Water heater Dish Washer Laundery Washer 7400 VA * 75%
= 5,000 VA = 1,200 VA = 1,200 VA = 5,500 VA
Heating Load @ 100% 2,400 VA Dryer Load @ 100% 5,000 VA Range Load 12,000 VA Fixed Appliance 5,500 VA Code Demand 6,342 VA 31242 VA Demand Load/ Voltage Supplied 31242 VA / 240 V = 130.175 VA
ELECTRICAL MODULE
STROH CENTER ANALYSIS The basic design of this building is dependant upon the need for higher levels of supply and output both in the case of an emergency and with regards to the overall electrical demand. The system b r a n c h e s f r o m t h e c i t y ’ s e l e c t r i c a l l i n e s t o a m a i n t r a n s f o r m e r, l o c a t e d a t t h e c o r n e r o f M e r c e r R d . and Alumni Drive. From this transformer the lines run below grade into a smaller transformer located o n t h e w e s t s i d e o f t h e b u i l d i n g , d e s i g n a t e d f o r t h e S t r o h c e n t e r ’ s u s e o n l y. T h e n f r o m t h e o n s i t e STROH CENTER ANALYSIS transformer the line runs into the main electrical system (a) from below grade using metal turn ups (b) then is distributed through panels (c) which in turn services the building by zones. Then the power The basic design of this building is dependant upon the need for higher levels of sopply and output both in the case of an emergency i s d i s t rand i b uwithregards t e d a c cto o rthe d i noverall g l y electrical t o t h e demand. require d system c i r c u branches i t s w i t hfrom i n the e a city’s c h ielectrical n t e r i o rlines s pto a caemain , t htransformer, e S t r o h located C e n t eatr a l s o The the corner of Mercer Road and Alimni Drive. From this transformer the line runs blow grade into a smaller transformer located o f f e r s a v a i l a b l e e m e r g e n c y s h u t d o w n b y t h e s e z o n e s w h i c h i n t u r n o f f e r t h e a b i l i t y t o t u r nonothe ff power west side of thebuilding, designated for the Stroh Center’s use only. Then from the on site transformer the line runs into the main in a pa r t i c usystem l a r z o(a)n e , wbelow i t h ograde u t dusing i s t u rmetal b i n gturnups t h e (b)then p o w eisr distributed o f t h e through o t h e r panels a r e a(c) s which o f t in h eturnbserveces u i l d i n gthet hbuilding u s a lby lowing electric from f o r c o nzones. s t r u cThen t i o nthewpower o r k iso rdistributed r e p a i raccordingly p o s s i b ltoy the r erequired q u i r e dcurcuits i n cwithineach e r t a i n ainterior r e a s space. o f t hThe e Stroh s y s t eCenter m t oalsoboffers e performed. available emergency shut down by these zones which in turn offers the ability to turn off power in aparticular zone, without disturbing the power of other areas of the building allowing for construction work or repair possibly required on certain areas of the system.
Main Electrical System (a)
Turnups (b)
Panels (c)
ELECTRICAL MODULE
ELECTRICAL PLAN AND SCHEDULE
PANEL SCHEDULE
LTG - Kitchen, Outside, Bathroom, Foyer, Hallway
20 20
Outlets - Hallway, bathroom 2
LTG - BR #1, Closet, , BR #2, Closet, Living Room, Closet
20 20
Outlets - BR #1, BR #2
4
Outlets - BR #2, Living Room
20 20
Outlet - Kitchen
6
Oven
20 20
Refrigerator
8
Oven
20 20
Range
10
Dryer
20 20
Hot Water Heater
12
Air Conditioner
20 20
Air Conditioner
14
Heater
20 20
Heater
16
ELECTRICAL MODULE
CHEDULE
Switch Outlet Light
ELECTRICAL MODULE
DESIGN STATEMENT
6’-0”
2’-0” R1
3’-0”
3’-0” 2’-0” R2
P1
3’-0”
P2 D
P3
P4
2’-0” 3’-0”
P5
P6
P7
7’-0”
R3 3’-2”
When determining lighting requirements and consideration for bulb types we made the reference to user preferences. The space we are concerned with functions such as computer and work oriented tasks. The age level of the common user was estimated at 55-65 years. We also observed that the demand for speed and accuracy was off critical concern. The desired task background reflectance was estimated between 50% and 60%. Our lamp selection resulted in the implementation of T-8 lamp type and color. The basic work plane was set at 2.5’ above floor level. The desired application of semi-indirect light resulted in the need for 60-90% upward illumination. We believe this will be accommodated for through using 2 lamps per luminaire and suspending them 1.5’ from the ceiling. The desired reflectance levels are as follows; ceiling reflectance is 80%, the wall reflectance is 50%, and the floor reflectance is 20%. After assessing the levels of possible light loss factors we calculated that the overall total light loss would be an estimated 58%. The overall design was set upon a 4’9” spacing between luminaires, creating a row of 5 total luminaires in the direction dimensioned at 48’. The distance between the final luminaire and the opposing wall measures 3’8“. In the opposing direction by which is dimensioned at 64’, we found the desired light level could also be accommodated by 5 luminaires but with an interval spacing of 10’. This arrangement leaves a 5’9” space between the far wall opposing the door and the final luminaire to make sure the deepest part of the space would be accommodated for. The side of the space the door lies on we felt deserved a more transition oriented lighting arrangement by which hold a fixed spacing of 8’8” between the wall and luminaire. This allows for slightly dimmer levels, by which the change between in illumination between spaces is accounted for.
MECHANICAL MODULE
CALCULATIONS General Information Project identification: Lighting Average maintained illumination for design: 750 lux Luminaire data: Lamp Data: Manufacturer: LILE Type and Color: T 8 Catalog number: BW Number per Luminaire: 2 Total lumens per luminaire: ( 2 ) x (7000)= 14000 lumens
Recoverable Light Loss Factors Room Surface Dirt Depreciation= .92 Lamp Lumen Depreciation= .88 Lamp Burnout Factor= .93 Luminaire Dirt Depreciation (LDD)= .84
Unrecoverable Light Loss Factors Luminaire Ambient Temperature: .99 Luminaire Surface Depreciation: .97 Voltage to Luminaire: N/A Other Factors (components): N/A
Coefficient of Utilization Room Dimensions: Length= 64‘ Width= 48’ Ceiling Cavity= 3’ Room Cavity= 6.5‘ Floor Cavity= 2.5’ Room Cavity Ratio, RCR= ( 5 ) x (6.5) x (64+48) / (64) x (48) = 1.18 Ceiling Cavity Ratio, CCR= ( 5 ) x ( 3 ) x (64+48) / (64) x (48) = .546 Floor Cavity Ratio, FCR= ( 5 ) x (2.5) x (64+48) / (64) x (48) = .45 Effective Ceiling Cavity Reflectance (Pcc)= .73 Effective Floor Cavity Reflectance (PFC)= .19 Manufacturer’s Coefficient of Utilization (CU)= .69
Effect of Luminaires at point W *Point W is located on the west wall 2 feet above the floor level along the vertical plane that accommodates Row 2. H = 8’ R = 7’ θ = 41 Degrees H^2 + R^2 = D^2 (8)^2 + (7)^2 = 10.63 CandlePower from Curve = 7800 Vertical Illuminance 7800/8’ (.752)^3 = 51.8 FootCandles Horizontal Illuminance 7800/7’ (.658)^3 = 45.3 FootCandles Effect of Luminaires on Several Points Point Tanθ θ CP x^2+y^2 r^2 CP/r^2* cosθ FC 1 8/2=4 14 9000 8^2+2^2 68 9000/68 * .9708 128 2 8/3=2.7 21 9300 8^2+3^2 73 9300/73 * .9367 119 3 8/3=2.7 21 9300 8^2+3^2 73 9300/73 * .9367 119 4 8/3=2.7 21 9300 8^2+3^2 73 9300/73 * .9367 119 5 8/3=2.7 21 9300 8^2+3^2 73 9300/73 * .9367 119 6 8/3=2.7 21 9300 8^2+3^2 73 9300/73 * .9367 119 7 8/2=4 14 9000 8^2+2^2 68 9000/68 * .9708 128
Calculations Average maintained Illumination Level Number of Luminaires= (Illuminance) x (Area) / (Lumens per Luminaire) x (Coefficient of Utilization) x (Light Loss Factor) (75) x (69 x 48)/ (14000) x (.69) x (.58)= 41.2 Luminaires Lux (footcandles)= (Number of Luminairs) x (Lumens per Luminaire) x (Coefficient of Utilization) x (Light Loss Factor)/ (Area) (48.2) x (14000) x (.69) x (.58)/ (64 x 48)= 75.1 Lux
MECHANICAL MODULE
B
A
When determining lig preferences. The spac The age level of the c and accuracy was off and 60%. Our lamp se was set at 2.5’ above upward illumination. suspending them 1.5 the wall reeectance is factors we calculated upon a 4’9” spacing b 48’. The distance betw by which is dimension but with an interval s door and the nal lum of the space the door a xed spacing of 8’8 change between in ill
A- Traverse S
B- Longitudin
LIGHTING PLAN
N MECHANICAL MODULE
N
A
but with an interval spacing of 10’. This arrangement leaves a 5’9” space between the far wall opposing the door and the nal luminaire to make sure the deepest part of the space would be accommodated for. The side of the space the door lies on we felt deserved a more transition oriented lighting arrangement by which hold a xed spacing of 8’8” between the wall and luminaire. This allows for slightly dimmer levels, by which the change between in illumination between spaces is accounted for.
Transverse Section A- ATraverse Section CeilingCavity Cavity(CC) (CC) Ceiling
RoomCavity Cavity(RC) (RC) Room Floor Cavity (FC) Floor Cavity (FC)
Longitudinal Section B- BLongitudinal Section Ceiling CeilingCavity Cavity(CC) (CC)
Room RoomCavity Cavity (RC) (RC)
FloorCavity Cavity(FC) (FC) Floor
= 1’
MECHANICAL MODULE
CFM Register Size
DESIGN STATEMENT
27265.032/(1.08)(20) = 1261.3 6x6 (4way)
Room 307 Office Sensible Heat Gain CFM CALCULATIONS Calculations Calculations
The design of this thermal system is based on minimizing duct work while still providing each Room 300 Café Room 300 Café space with adequate room temperatures of 75Sensible Heat Gain Sensible Heat Gain 7802 7802 degrees. The main register used throughoutCFM CFM 7802/(1.08)(20) 7802/(1.08)(20) = 1950 = 1950 this system is a center placed ceiling register.Register Size Register Size The system begins with the cooling componentsRoom 301 Janitor Closet Room 301 Janitor Closet Sensible Heat Gain placed in the mechanical and electrical room. TheSensible Heat Gain 3760 3760 CFM main vent runs to the hallway and perpendicularCFM 3760/(1.08)(20) 3760/(1.08)(20) = 174.1 = 174.1 Register Size Register Size along the ceiling, one 2 way register is used to 13x6 (2Way) 13x6 (2Way) accommodate the janitor’s closet. ContinuingRoom 302 Elech/Mech Room 302 Elech/Mech Sensible Heat Gain Sensible Heat Gain down the hallway, the system is designed to service 13706.6 13706.6 CFM CFM 13706.6/(1.08)(20) = 634.6 both the men’s and women’s restrooms through 13706.6/(1.08)(20) = 634.6 Register Size Register Size 4x8 (2 way) 4x8 (2 way) the use of one 2-way register each, then 7 4-way 303 Men'sRoom 303 Men's registers serve the main vertical circulation spaceRoom Sensible Heat Gain Sensible Heat Gain 12911.6 12911.6 and café gathering areas. Two office spaces and anCFM CFM 12911.6/(1.08)(20) = 597.8 12911.6/(1.08)(20) = 597.8 inpatient room are maintained throgh the use of 2Register Size Register Size 4x8v(2 way) 4x8v(2 way) 4-way registers while the fire escape stairwell uses Room 304 Womens Room 304 Womens a 3-way register encouraging vertical circulationSensible Heat Gain Sensible Heat Gain 13403.25 13403.25 thus establishing a more directional air flow. TheCFM CFM 13403.25/(1.08)(20) = 620.5 13403.25/(1.08)(20) = 620.5 return system is situated along the entire main ventRegister Size Register Size 4x8 (2 Way) 4x8 (2 Way) to reduce the amount of inaccessible spaces in the Room 305 Corridor Room 305 Corridor Sensible Heat Hain ceiling system. The intent being to minimize thermalSensible Heat Hain 26085 26085 CFM CFM venting material used, this system established a 26085/(1.08)(20)26085/(1.08)(20) = 1207 = 1207 main vent located above the common spaces andRegister Size Register Size 9x9 (4way) 9x9 (4way) continuing along the corridor. With a system thatRoom 306 OfficeRoom 306 Office Sensible Heat Gain Sensible Heat Gain situates itself evenly between all accommodated 27265.032 27265.032 CFM CFM 27265.032/(1.08)(20) = 1261.3 spaces, it allows itself direct vent branching from 27265.032/(1.08)(20) = 1261.3 Register Size Register Size 6x6 (4way) 6x6 (4way) the main vent and ceiling registers. Room 307 OfficeRoom 307 Office Sensible Heat Gain Sensible Heat Gain CFM
CFM
25,864.79
25,864.79/(1.08)(20) = 1197.4
Register Size
6x6 (4way)
Room 308 In Patient Room 308 In Patient Sensible Heat Gain Sensible Heat Gain CFM Register Size
4542.8
CFM
4542.8
98,124.69/(1.08)(20) = 4542.8 98,124.69/(1.08)(20) = 4542.8 Register Size 6x6 (4 way) 6x6 (4 way)
Room 309 StairsRoom 309 Stairs Sensible Heat Gain Sensible Heat Gain CFM
CFM
Register Size
Register Size
CFM
Register Size
Register Size
CFM
Register Size 6x6 (4way)
Register Size 6x6 (4way)
CFM
Register Size
Register Size
CFM
Register Size
Register Size
CFM
Register Size
Register Size
41,299
6x6 (4way)
6x6 (4way)
53917
53917
3412.8
3412.8
4x4 (4way)
4x4 (4way)
18516
18516
18516/(1.08)(20)18516/(1.08)(20) = 857 = 857
Room 314 ExamRoom 314 Exam Sensible Heat Gain Sensible Heat Gain CFM
41,299
3412.8/(1.08)(20) = 158 3412.8/(1.08)(20) = 158
Room 313 ExamRoom 313 Exam Sensible Heat Gain Sensible Heat Gain CFM
2x6 (3way)
53917/(1.08)(20)53917/(1.08)(20) = 2496 = 2496
Room 312 Storage Room 312 Storage Sensible Heat Gain Sensible Heat Gain CFM
2x6 (3way)
41,299/(1.08)(20) = 1192 41,299/(1.08)(20) = 1192
Room 311 OfficeRoom 311 Office Sensible Heat Hain Sensible Heat Hain CFM
11836
11836/(1.08)(20)11836/(1.08)(20) = 548 = 548
Room 310 OfficeRoom 310 Office Sensible Heat Gain Sensible Heat Gain CFM
11836
9x9 (4way)
9x9 (4way)
12377.6
12377.6
12377.6/(1.08)(20) = 573 12377.6/(1.08)(20) = 573 9x9 (4way)
9x9 (4way)
THERMAL MODULE 25,864.79
25,864.79
DUCTS: RETURN:
THERMAL MODULE
The design of this thermal system is based on minimizing duct work while still providing comfortable peratures of 75 degrees within each space. The main register used throughout this system is a center register. The system begins with the cooling components placed in the mechanical and electrical roo vent runs to the hallway from there it runs perpendicular along the center of the hallway ceiling, alon 2-way register is used to accommodate the janitor closet. Continuing down the hallway the system is service both the men’s and women’s restrooms through the use of one 2-way register each. Before tu main vent deposits 7 4-way registers throughout the main vertical circulation space and café gatherin system then continues into the corridor braching into two office spaces and an inpatient room, all of two 4-way registers. A 3-way register is set into the re escape stairwell, an enclosed space, the intent provide a continuous airrow vertically within the space by establishing a more directional ow. The m once more and accommodate four different spaces all of similar dimensions through the use of two 4 These spaces are basic functional spaces intended to be used as both exam and office spaces. The ret situated along the entire main vent to reduce the amount of inaccessible spaces in the ceiling system being to minimize thermal venting material used, this system established a main vent located above spaces and continuing along the corridor. With a system that situates itself evenly between all accom spaces, it allows itself direct vent branching from the main vent to center placed ceiling registers situa each space.
Return System
6x6
4x4
(4x12)
(4x12)
6x6
(6x20) (6x20)
9x9
(10x30)
(4x12)
9x9
6x6 6x6
(4x12)
3x6
(20x34)
4x8
9x9
(4x8)
9x9 2x6
(40x24)
4x8
9x9 9x9 6x6
9x9 (10x24)
(6x14)
9x9 (8x16)
6x6
9x9 6x6
PLAN OBLIQUE RETURN/ SUPPLY PLAN OBLIQUE RETURN/SUPPLY SYSTEM SCALE: NTS
SYSTEM
(6x10)
9x9
6x6 6x6
9x9
(40x40)
(10x24)
(6x20)
(8x16)
(4x8)
(6x10)
9x9
(6x14)
6x6
(8x16)
9x9
(6x10)
9x9
THERMAL MODULE