O N
D R A W I N G
Emma Bennett
C O N T E N T S
Part 1 - fieldwork
Part 2 - scripting
Part 3 - re-scripting
Part 4 - resolution
Biblography
P A R T
1
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F I E L D W O R K
R O S L I N :
A N
I N T R O D U C T I O N
The village of Roslin lies South of Edinburgh and North of Penicuik.
River Esk
Site of the old carpet factory
An initial walk from East to West follows the curve of the River Esk, coming accross pieces of historical human interventions as the river is followed.
South of the main village lies Roslin Glen - a dramatic curving gorge through a predominantly limestone formation. The relationship between the natural lateral geology of the site and man’s vertical inteference is one that is discussed in drawings, photographs and texts throughout Roslin’s history.
1 ‘Roslin Castle’ J. Grieg, 1851
Here at Rosslyn Castle man’s hand has ‘mined’ the rich limestone geology to form the vertical inteference of Roslin Castle, it’s remains now towering above the glen below.
Roslin Castle
F I E L D W O R K Archival research revealed human activity within site as series of vertical inteferences that interplay with the lateral geology. Through fieldwork studies within the site (photography, initial sketches, conversation with the park ranger) a key theme arises: the landscape as a set of vertical ‘towers’ seemingly piercing the landscape beneath for it’s productivity
2 Typology (def) : The study of classes with common characteristics; classification, esp. of human products, behaviour, characteristics, etc., according to type; the comparative analysis of structural or other characteristics; a classification or analysis of this kind.
Whilst different in physical form, each of the archival typologies shares a tower-like connotation.
3 Gunpowder Mill Chimney
4 Carpet Factory Chimney
Vertical inteferences: arhival typologies
5 Rosslyn Chapel Apprentice Pillar
6 Rosslyn Castle Remains
7 Roslin Colliery Pithead
“These images render the unglamorous edifices with the same monumentality and timelessness as used for historically important ancient architecture” 8 Foreword by Gunilla Knape, ‘Bernd and Hilla Becher: Grundformen’
9 ‘Winding Towers’ Bernd and Hilla Becher, 1966-1997
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The initial individual walk through the glen revealed a set of ‘found’ typologies additional moments of human vertical inteferences that too make use of this ‘productive landscape’
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Vertical inteferences: found typologies
P A R T
2
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S C R I P T I N G
S C R I P T Following on from archival research, a script drawing was made. From an initial investigation into physical exploration of site, points of understood human inteference are referenced. Natural topography meets human intervention.
Initial fieldwork sketch
Initial fieldwork reveals towers as set of characters; platformed above the geological landscape via their respective productivity
10 San Gimigiano, artist and date unknown
Towering landscape of San Gimigiano in Italy renders a similiar landscape; ‘the relationship between natural geology and human intervention’ resulting in a series of almost ‘playful’ towers characterising the topography at points of productivity and interest
“The hearth’s vertical extension is its most obvious visible attribute. This totem pointing to the sky gives the hearth its initial sense of figural automony but its foundation tells a different story. The material of its massive structure seems to grow directly from the earth, giving the hearth its contradictory aspect of being both figure and extension of the web of relationships intrinsic to the ground.” 11 Robin Dripp ‘Groundwork’
P R E C E D E N T I A L
S T U D I E S
Close consideration of precedents under the themes of scale, time and point of view support and further the site’s unfolding trajectory as a productive landscape
12 ‘Untitled 3’ Felicity Warbrick, 2011
Plot i
13 ‘Untitled 1, Barn Series’ Felicity Warbrick, 2007
Point of view Piranesi’s etchings and drawings of Rome begin to withdraw moments of importance and interest away from the traditional plan. In that moment the draughtsman’s connection to the site becomes more personal, his calculated auditing of Rome’s landscape revealing intricate details about geological and human occupation
14 ‘Planta di Roma’ Giovanni Battista Piranesi, 1756
15 ‘Vedute di Roma’ Giovanni Battisti Piranesi, date unknown
Time ‘Coalbrookdale by Night’ reveals the developed industrial landscape at it’s most productive ‘time’ in an almost dystopian nature with huge amounts of smoke pouring out the numerous towering chimneys clouding the natural geology of the site below. Similiarly, Pugin’s drawing of a ‘Catholic town in 1840’ captures a foreground landscape overcome with industrialism, leaving it’s historical monumentality behind new industrial infrastructure
16 ‘Coalbrookdale by Night’ Philip James de Loutherbourg, 1801
17 ‘A catholic town in 1840’ Pugin, 1836
Scale Morphosis’s drawing combines simple line details with large scale perspective, revealing information about the subject at a number of scales. The inky resolution that is also seen in Rossi’s depiction of ‘Teatro del Mondo’ draws the viewer into the image, rendering worlds of playfulness and curiosity
18 ‘Expo 86 Vienna’, Morphosis, 1993
19 ‘Teatro del Mondo’ Aldo Rossi
P L O T
i - development and creation
- development of tower ‘characters’ - placing of characters in reference to their vertical/lateral intersection
(7) Roslin Colliery
(3) Roslin Gunpowder Mill
(4) Roslin Carpet Factory
(6) Rosslyn Castle remains
(5) Rosslyn Chapel - Apprentice pillar
Steps leading to General Monck’s battery
P L O T
i - drawing
P O I N T
O F
V I E W - development and creation
- auditing of ‘productive landscape’ - revelation of overlapping auditing and intricate productivity siting - geological: British Geological Survey - geographical: Dudley’s Land Use Map 1930s, Ordnance Survey 2014
Towers and their sites according to Ordnance Survey; specific position of tower located in red
Limestone base
British Geological Survey Land audit reveals location of fault lines, coal seams, alluvium deposits and artificial ground
Fault lines, coal seams, alluvium deposits and artificial land
20 Dudley’s Land Use Map, 1931 - 1935
Dudley’s Land Use Viewer 1930s survey carried out to audit land reveals a patchwork land use - industrial sites of the colliery, gunpowder mill and carpet factory can be easily seen in red on the original map
Woodland, meadowland, industrial land and housing
River Esk
Ordnance Survey Land audit reveals contour topography and position of River Esk within site
Contours
P O I N T
O F
V I E W - drawing
T I M E - development and creation - depicting landscape at it’s absolute peak of productivity - introduction of human prescence through red motif - material they connect to within productive landscape
Roslin Colliery 1948 764 employees 777 tonnes coal per day COAL
Roslin Gunpowder Mills 1880 Post-crimean war New infrastructure; steam engine CHARCOAL (from trees)
Roslin Carpet Factory 1933
INDIGO DYE
Rosslyn Castle 1622 Sinclair Family William St. Clair made vast improvements to castle LIMESTONE
Rosslyn Chapel 1446 6 ‘canons’ (priests) and 4 choirboys open to the public SANDSTONE
General Monck’s Battery 1650 600 soldiers ‘with horse’ ‘took’ castle leaving ruins SALTPETRE
T I M E - drawing
S C A L E - development and creation - combing media of photographs, line drawings, red paint motifs and productive landscape sketches to produce ‘tintype’ images - depth revealed in variation of scale provokes curiosity within the ghostly character
21 ‘Two girls in front of a painted background of the Cliff House and Seal Rocks in San Francisco’ c.1900
P L O T
i i - development and creation
- deeper investigation into geological formation - collation of information; towers, production, geology, vertical, lateral - the landscape as a set of vertical ‘towers’ seemingly piercing the landscape beneath for it’s productivity
22 Bathymetric survey of Loch Ness, 1908
23 Geological formation of Roslin area - BGS Section
24 Geological formation of Roslin area - BGS Sections
25 Geological formation of Roslin area - British Geological Survey plan
P L O T
i i - drawing
P A R T
3
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R E - S C I P T I N G
R E - S C I P T I N G - development and creation - re-scripting calls for the progression of three physical resolutions:
- the plot drawing: develops the site at it’s most productive by exploring the towers from a distanced point of view, inviting the viewer to become curious and investigate further
- six casts: increasing the scale of productivity to a 1:1 level by casting each tower’s respective material they have ‘mined’ the natural landscape for
- six tintypes: each tintype layers the history and time of it’s respective tower’s productivity
R E - S C R I P T I N G - the plot drawing - development and creation - consideration of the productive landscape of Roslin Glen from another point of view; one that begins to tilt the landscape further drawing the individual to read the drawing from top to bottom (from tower to geology) - views from top of towers heighten concept of the human as an observer in the narrative between vertical inteference and natural geology
26 ‘Blue Beam’, Zaha Hadid, 1988
27 ‘Hafenstrasse Office and Residential Development’, Zaha Hadid 1989
28 Colliery
(4) Carpet Factory
R E - S C R I P T I N G - the plot drawing - development and creation
29 Castle
30 Chapel
R E - S C R I P T I N G - the plot drawing - development and creation
R E - S C R I P T I N G - tintypes - development and creation - use of copper leaf in human motif - increasing depth to image exposes subtle layers of ghostly tower landscapes
R E - S C R I P T I N G - casts - development and creation - casts investigate scale of productivity at 1:1 scale
31 ‘Vitrine Objects’ Rachel Whiteread
32 ‘Composició’ Antoni Tapies, 1991
Colliery Winding Tower
Gunpowder Mill Chimney
Carpet Factory Chimney
Coal
Charcoal
Blue dye
Ground charcoal
Willow charcoal
Indigo ink
R E - S C R I P T I N G - the casts - development and creation
Rosslyn Castle
Rosslyn Chapel
General Monck’s Battery
Limestone
Sandstone
Saltpetre
Ground chalk
Sand
Rock Salt
P A R T
4
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R E S O L U T I O N
R O S L I N G L E N - drawing
R O S L I N G L E N - tintypes
R O S L I N G L E N - casts
Biblography
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‘Roslin Castle’, Grieg, J., 1851 http://canmore.rcahms.gov.uk/en/details/1233751/ Typology definition Taken from Oxford English Dictionary ‘Gunpowder Mills’ ,c. 1836 http://canmore.rcahms.gov.uk/en/details/1160605/ ‘Carpet Factrory Chimney’, 1933 http://www.britainfromabove.org.uk/image/spw042198 ‘Rosslyn Chapel Apprentice Pillar’, unknown http://canmore.rcahms.gov.uk/en/details/1236827/ ‘Rosslyn Castle Remains’, 1928 http://canmore.rcahms.gov.uk/en/details/1175205/ ‘Roslin Colliery’, 1968 http://canmore.rcahms.gov.uk/en/details/685583/ Bernd and Hilla Becher quotation, ‘Bernd and Hilla Becher: Grundformen’, Knape, G., 2004 Book: physical copy ‘Winding Towers’, Becher, B and H. 1966-1997 http://www.moma.org/explore/inside_out/inside_out/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/Becher_ Winding-Tower_Wales-England2.jpg ‘San Gimigiano’ artist and date unknown Internet source Robin Dripps quotation, ‘Groundwork’, Dripps, R. 2004 Online copy at: http://land3020.files.wordpress.com/2011/02/drippsgroundwork.pdf ‘Untitled 3’, Warbrick. F, 2011 http://www.felicitywarbrick.co.uk/prints/2010/untitled-drawing-3-2011-.jpg ‘Untitled 3, Barn Series’, Warbrick F, 2007 http://www.felicitywarbrick.co.uk/prints/barn/1.jpg ‘Planta di Roma’, Piranesi, G. 1756 http://www.relewis.com/img/piranesi-roma_map5in.jpg ‘Vedute di Roma’, Piranesi, G. unknown http://www.wikiart.org/en/giovanni-battista-piranesi/vedute-di-roma-29 ‘Coalbrookdale by Night’, Loutherbourg, P. 1801 http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/arts/yourpaintings/images/paintings/scmu/large/lw_scmu_1952_0452_ large.jpg
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17 ‘A catholic town in 1840’, Pugin, 1836 http://bobforrestweb.co.uk/The_Rubaiyat/Galleries/Gallery_6/g6/01._Pugin__Contrasts.jpg 18 ‘Expo 86 Vienna’, Morphosis, 1993 http://matslovesit.blogspot.co.uk/2012/03/morphosis-books-online.html 19 ‘Teatro del Mondo’, Rossi, A. https://33.media.tumblr.com/tumblr_lni8wp3gOQ1qdstwzo1_400.jpg 20 ‘Dudley Land Use Map’, Stamp, D. 1931-1935 http://digimap.blogs.edina.ac.uk/2008/08/29/britain-from-above-land-use-maps/ 21 ‘Two girls in front of a painted background of the Cliff House and Seal Rocks in San Francisco’, unknown, c.1900 http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/b/b9/Tintype_portrait_with_Cliff_House_and_ Seal_Rocks_background.jpg 22 ‘Bathymetric survey of Loch Ness’, Murray, J and Pullar, L. 1908 http://www.rcahms.gov.uk/image/src/469/469_bathymetric_ness_800.jpg 23 - 25 Geological formation of Roslin from British Geological Survey http://www.largeimages.bgs.ac.uk/iip/mapsportal.html?id=1002355 26 ‘Blue Beam’, Hadid, Z. 1988 http://static.dezeen.com/uploads/2012/08/dezeen_Beyond-Boundaries-Art-and-Design-by-Za ha-Hadid-at-Ivorypress-Space-Madrid_2.jpg 27 ‘Hafenstrasse Office and Residential Development’, Hadid, Z. 1989 http://static.dezeen.com/uploads/2012/08/dezeen_Beyond-Boundaries-Art-and-Design-by-Za ha-Hadid-at-Ivorypress-Space-Madrid_3a.jpg 28 ‘Roslin Colliery’ unknown, unknown accessed via e-mail from National Mining Museum Scotland 29 ‘Roslin Castle from above’ http://www.whatshappeningon.com/upload/Roslin%20Glen%20Country%20Park72214.jpg 30 ‘Rosslyn Chapel’, 1983 http://canmore.rcahms.gov.uk/en/details/1004170/ 31 ‘Vitrine Objects’, Whiteread, R. http://peripheralvisionblog.files.wordpress.com/2010/05/450.jpg 32 ‘Composició’, Tapies, A. 1991 http://www.sculpture-network.org/typo3temp/pics/Composicio____1991_-__c_Fundacio___ Antoni_Ta__pies_-VEGAP_01_1d714b557c.jpg