A Village Within a City

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Emma Sjรถholm AR30007

A VILLAGE WITHIN A CIT Y


DESIGN REPORT

INTRODUCTION

Just like any other Friday, Tilda is on her way back from a busy day in the studio. She steps out of the Mattthew building and walks along Dow Street, past the Life Science building, and spots her building. It is a four-story building situated in the so called ‘Village’; a micro community within the greater city, targeted at the student population as well as Dundee’s rich cultural background. When she walks past the first block of buildings she catches a glimpse of the ‘Amphi’, the public gathering space in the heart of the village. She sees her friends sitting there, enjoying a coffee from the little coffee shop at the end of the performance space. She decides to say hi and walks down the street, past the seminar rooms to catch up with her friends. One of her friends offers to show her his newest painting, and they make their way to his home, to one of the live-work units for artists. When entering the building they are immediately greeted with a view of the green courtyard, and Tilda sports her friends sitting in the Amphi. After complimenting the painting, Tilda makes her way across the street to her building and enters the common space on the ground floor. There seems to be a party going on in the combined kitchen and living space. She makes her way through the party and enters the study room. She sits down at the long desk overlooking the street and pulls up her laptop from her bag. After writing the last sentence of her essay she walks up the stairs to the fourth floor and walks into the kitchen, where the view of the river Tay makes her stop for a second before making herself a cup of tea. She sits down in the couch next to Lisa, a flatmate, and they start talking about their days while watching the last rays of sunlight hit the Tay.

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EMMA SJĂ–HOLM

With this design proposal I am developing a micro community within the city of Dundee. To achieve this, I will be looking at ancient cities in Europe and analysing contemporary master plans while I am inspired by texts from Jan Gehl and Gordon Cullen. I aim to create a community which is closely linked to the nearby University of Dundee, and a proposal which takes Dundee’s rich cultural context into consideration. I am developing student flats (HMO) in more detail and exploring the idea of having live-work units for young artist in this small community. The proposal takes one from the city into the room, where the individual is in focus. The street, urban activities and how we perceive the perspective are elements that have highly influenced the design. Emma

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DESIGN REPORT

INTRODUCTION .....................................................2 BUILDING AND CITY ............................................5

- MacBa and Barcelona

UNIT GROUP WORK.............................................10 - Typology - Positive space - Environment - First impressions - Materials - Vista - Focal points - Enclosure GROUP MASTERPLAN..........................................25 -Key moves UNDERSTANDING THE BRIEF...........................29 - Schedule of accommodation - Massing - Precedents - Perspective DEVELOPING A PROPOSAL................................41 - Design intentions - Initial design ideas - Development of scheme - Access - Development of building THE OUTCOME......................................................66 - The city - The block - The building - The room

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EMMA SJÖHOLM

BUILDING AND CITY

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DESIGN REPORT

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BARCELONA


EMMA SJÖHOLM

Analysis of how the MacBa by Richard Meier sits withing the city.

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DESIGN REPORT

Grid

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Organic

Barcelona


URBAN ACTIVITIES

EMMA SJÖHOLM

Typical activities in the urban spaces of Barcelona.

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DESIGN REPORT

UNIT GROUP WORK SITE ANALYSIS

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EMMA SJÖHOLM

Scotland

Dundee

West End

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TYPOLOGY

DESIGN REPORT

ORIGIN

ORIGIN

GREEK

TUPOS

DEFINITI

(type)

TYPOLOGY GREEK

TUPOS

E N G L (type) ISH

mid 19th century

LOGY

TYPOLOGY mid 19 century th

ENGLISH

LOGY

D E F I N I T I O N --

typology is the classification of physical characteristics commonly found in buildings and urban places.

“To raise the question of typology in architecture is to raise a question of the nature of the architectural work itself. To answer it means for each generation, a redefinition of the essence of architecture and an explanation of all its attendant problems.� Typology is used within architecture to describe the differences within buildings. Within Roseangle we analyse the different typologies in the form of the several different forms of structure found within our site. These range from tenement buildings to detached villas. All incorporating different characteristics to fit their surroundings and contextual issues. The diagrams to the left represent the journey and redefinition of a structure throughout multiple iterations. The variety and change within these diagrams potentially highlight the adaptations needed to overcome certain physical and theoretical challenges. It is these changes that allow for the specific typologies to be created within architecture as each structure must overcome its own individual challenges to create a meaningful and suitable piece of design.

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typology i characteris and urban


EMMA SJĂ–HOLM

Tenements are made up of housing blocks stacked on top of each other, similar to terrace housing they often make up rows that line the street print. Specific to the tenement type some buildings offer the ground floor as retail.

The industrial type presents itself as large in scale, low in hight and with large floor coverage. Green space is traded for parking, to allow access for its multiple users, details are unassuming and materials are similar, using industrial in their aesthetic.

Villas stand alone and are often stepped back from the street in their own garden or green space. In the West End area the majority of villas are towards the bottom of the hill near Magdalen Green. Many of the older villas run along the road parallel to the green allowing them views out across the Tay. Terraced housing sees the single house block attached to other blocks and arranged in rows. This results in full streets flanked in this type of housing. Terraced housing is seen throughout the west end area is concentrated near the middle, between Perth Road and Magdalen Green.

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DESIGN REPORT

Tenements

Industrial

Villas

Terraced 14


POSITIVE SPACE

Miller’s Wynd, car park

Westfield Lane, car park and greenery

EMMA SJÖHOLM

Magdalen Green, public park 15


DESIGN REPORT

ENVIRONMENT spring - summer . spring - summer . spring - summer .

environmental analysis . environmental analysis . environmental analysis .

dundee . dundee . dundee .

Scan QR code to see how light and shadows change from one season to the other.

miller’s w

!"#$%&"'() l o c a+&**,-./(01 tion p autumn - winter .

environmental analysis .

dundee .

dun

activities 37

37 37

2 activities

38

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FIRST IMPRESSIONS

EMMA SJÖHOLM

Miller’s Wynd

Perth Road

Westfield Place 17


DESIGN REPORT

MATERIALS

Stone + Lime The East End retained the basic materials of stone and lime which can be seen throughout the street scape of Dundee.

Slate + Iron Due to the growing numbers of residential housing and new developments a more modern approach of materials is introduced in Dundee’s local architecture.

Timber + Lead

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In some areas, an alternative use of materials is introduced, creating a diverse architecture throughout Dundee.


VISTA

EMMA SJÖHOLM

Virw from Perth Road

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DESIGN REPORT

Secondary streets leading one towards Magdalen Green.

The slope makes it easier to move downhill, towards Magdalen Green.

Narrow streets create an anticipation for what lies around the corner, making one move forward, towards Magdalen Green.

Gravitating towards Magdalen Green Situated on a slope, the natural flow and movement of Rosangle is directed downhill, towards Magdalen Green, an extensive green space. The smaller secondary streets allow for an intriguing, calm experience and lead one off the busy Perth Road, where the framed vistas and the horizontal focal points of the river Tay pull one into the narrow lanes. These smaller urban spaces create a journey of enclosure and scale when the typology changes and the narrow streets make the observer anticipate something vast and open, making every turn filled with the hope of experiencing the juxtaposition between enclosure and openness. One is finally rewarded with this experience when Roseangle comes to an end, and a wide public space opens up in front of the observer.

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FOCAL POINTS

EMMA SJĂ–HOLM

The Vertical and the Horizontal When walking through Dundee, one’s eyes are either drawn to the Church towers, chimneys or the hills on the other side of the Tay. One can therefore draw the conclusion that Dundee has two strong elements: the vertical and the horizontal axes. Here one can see the tower of Gate Church International on Perth Road as the vertical focal point, and the River Tay as the horizontal focus point.

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ENCLOSURE

DESIGN REPORT

lle Mi nd Wy r’s

1.

2.

Perth Road

3. 4.

5. st We ld fie e

c Pla

A journey through the streets The changing typology makes one experience the urban spaces differently; scale and enclosure change depending on the variations in the vertical and horizontal axes.

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EMMA SJĂ–HOLM

1.

Cross section through car park.

2. Cross section though tenement housing and open space. Secondary street.

3. Cross section though tenement housing and tenement housing. Primary Street.

4. Cross section though villa and terraced housing. Secondary street.

5. Cross section though villa and villa. Secondary street

6. Moving through the sections from Miller’s Wynd towards Westfield Place. 23


DESIGN REPORT

“Enclosure sums up the polarity of legs and wheels. It is the basic unit of the precinctual pattern; outside, the noise and speed of impersonal communication which comes and goes but is not of any place. Inside, the quietness and human scale of the square, quad or courtyard. This is the end product of traffic, this is the place to which traffic brings you. Without enclosure traffic becomes nonsense.� (Cullen, 1961, p. 25)

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EMMA SJร HOLM

GROUP MASTERPLAN

Melisa Ruzgar - Alexandra Meckler - Emma Sjรถholm

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DESIGN REPORT

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KEY MOVES

Block off Hawkhill

Block off view of Life Science building

Direct view towards focal points

Different typologies

South facing balconies/gardens

Divide brief into separate building blocks

Cluster of buildings surrounded by soft landscaping

Enclosure and movement through site

Areas to encourage exercise


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DESIGN REPORT

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U N D E R S TA N D I N G T H E B R I E F

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DESIGN REPORT

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SCHEDULE OF ACCOMMODATION


MASSING

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DESIGN REPORT

PRECEDENTS

Accordia - Feilden Clegg Bradley Studios Cambridge , United Kingdom Analysing: masterplan, private gardens/ courtyards, green space

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Paths

Building blocks

Greenery

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DESIGN REPORT

West Burn Lane - Sutherland Hussey Harris St. Andrews, United Kingdom Analysing: the street, manipulating the perspective and courtyards

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EMMA SJÖHOLM

Pushing building blocks back to create positive space

Blocks look like one, continuous ‘wall’ in perspective. 35


DESIGN REPORT

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PERSPECTIVE


EMMA SJĂ–HOLM

Exploring how building blocks can be moved and twisted without disturbing the perspective. 37


DESIGN REPORT

Priene - Ancient Greek city of Iona Analysing: theatre (cultural district, assembly space), grid, main street, wall protecting the city, the Agora (political and commercial centre)

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EMMA SJĂ–HOLM

Carcassonne - Medieval French Fortress Analysing: theatre (cultural district, assembly space), organic, main street, wall protecting the city (multiple layers of privacy), citadel (central, protected space)

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DESIGN REPORT

Exeter library - Louis Kahn Exeter, New Hampshire, United States Analysing: use of materials, study space, light and atmosphere

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EMMA SJÖHOLM

DEVELOPING A PROPOSAL

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DESIGN REPORT

“The potential for a safe city is strengthened generally when more people move about and stay in city space. A city that invites people to walk must by definition have a reasonably cohesive structure that offers short walking distances, attractive public spaces and a variation of urban functions. These elements increase activity and the feeling of security in and around city spaces. These are more eyes along the street and a greater incentive to follow events going on in the city from surrounding housing events. “ (Ghel, 1933, p. 6)

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DESIGN INTENTIONS

EMMA SJĂ–HOLM

Community

How: creaing a micro society by using different typologies, enclosures and allowing different urban activities to take place in certain places to make people linger.

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DESIGN REPORT

Vi e w s

How: work with the topography to maximise views.

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EMMA SJĂ–HOLM

To g e t h e r n e s s

How: by creating a protected space for gathering. Directing all circulation around this space.

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DESIGN REPORT

INITIAL DESIGN IDEAS

“Cities must urge urban planners and architects to reinforce pedestrianism as an integrated city policy to develop lively, safe, sustainable and healthy cities. It is equally urgent to strengthen the social function of city space as a meeting place that contributes toward the aims of social sustainability and an open and democratic society.� (Gehl, 1933, p.6)

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EMMA SJÖHOLM

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DESIGN REPORT

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EMMA SJÖHOLM

Primary streets

Secondary streets

Existing streets

Public

Semi-public

Green space

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DESIGN REPORT

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DEVELOPMENT OF SCHEME


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51


DESIGN REPORT

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DESIGN REPORT

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DESIGN REPORT

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DESIGN REPORT

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ACCESS


DEVELOPMENT OF BUILDING (HMO AND LIVE-WORK UNITS)

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DESIGN REPORT

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DESIGN REPORT

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DESIGN REPORT

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DESIGN REPORT

THE OUTCOME

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THE CITY

EMMA SJÖHOLM

Site location plan 1:1250

Section 1:2000

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DESIGN REPORT

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THE BLOCK


EMMA SJÖHOLM

Activities within the block.

Locheen

Hilltown

Proposal

Stobswell

Broughty Ferry

Communities in Dundee

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DESIGN REPORT

A

C

C

B

B

A

Masterplan 1:500 70


EMMA SJÖHOLM

Ground floor

Upper floor

Public

Semi-public

Private

71


DESIGN REPORT

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Public perimeter with narrow lanes for permeability.

The ‘heart’; a protected public space.

Creating an illusion of a grid.

Directing views to the south-east or the ‘heart’.

Pedestrianised streets from Perth Road.

Access from main streets; Hawkhill, Perth Road and Dow Street.


EMMA SJÖHOLM

Section CC 1:200

Section BB 1:200

Section AA 1:200 (zoomed in)

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DESIGN REPORT

Public

Semi-public

Private

74


EMMA SJÖHOLM

Section AA 1:200

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THE BUILDING

DESIGN REPORT

A

C

C

B

B

Ground floor 1:200 A

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EMMA SJÖHOLM

Typical upper floor 1:200

Level -1 1:200 77


DESIGN REPORT

THE ROOM

Ground floor 1:200

Level -1 1:200

78


EMMA SJÖHOLM

Live-work unit

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DESIGN REPORT

Typical upper floor 1:200

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Ground floor 1:200


EMMA SJÖHOLM

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DESIGN REPORT

REFERENCES

Cullen, G. (1961) The Concise Townscape. First edition. Croydon: CPI Group Gehl, J. (1933) Cities for people. First edition. Washington, D.C.: Island P.

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