Emma Sjรถholm AR30007
A VILLAGE WITHIN A CIT Y
DESIGN REPORT
INTRODUCTION
Just like any other Friday, Tilda is on her way back from a busy day in the studio. She steps out of the Mattthew building and walks along Dow Street, past the Life Science building, and spots her building. It is a four-story building situated in the so called ‘Village’; a micro community within the greater city, targeted at the student population as well as Dundee’s rich cultural background. When she walks past the first block of buildings she catches a glimpse of the ‘Amphi’, the public gathering space in the heart of the village. She sees her friends sitting there, enjoying a coffee from the little coffee shop at the end of the performance space. She decides to say hi and walks down the street, past the seminar rooms to catch up with her friends. One of her friends offers to show her his newest painting, and they make their way to his home, to one of the live-work units for artists. When entering the building they are immediately greeted with a view of the green courtyard, and Tilda sports her friends sitting in the Amphi. After complimenting the painting, Tilda makes her way across the street to her building and enters the common space on the ground floor. There seems to be a party going on in the combined kitchen and living space. She makes her way through the party and enters the study room. She sits down at the long desk overlooking the street and pulls up her laptop from her bag. After writing the last sentence of her essay she walks up the stairs to the fourth floor and walks into the kitchen, where the view of the river Tay makes her stop for a second before making herself a cup of tea. She sits down in the couch next to Lisa, a flatmate, and they start talking about their days while watching the last rays of sunlight hit the Tay.
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EMMA SJĂ–HOLM
With this design proposal I am developing a micro community within the city of Dundee. To achieve this, I will be looking at ancient cities in Europe and analysing contemporary master plans while I am inspired by texts from Jan Gehl and Gordon Cullen. I aim to create a community which is closely linked to the nearby University of Dundee, and a proposal which takes Dundee’s rich cultural context into consideration. I am developing student flats (HMO) in more detail and exploring the idea of having live-work units for young artist in this small community. The proposal takes one from the city into the room, where the individual is in focus. The street, urban activities and how we perceive the perspective are elements that have highly influenced the design. Emma
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DESIGN REPORT
INTRODUCTION .....................................................2 BUILDING AND CITY ............................................5
- MacBa and Barcelona
UNIT GROUP WORK.............................................10 - Typology - Positive space - Environment - First impressions - Materials - Vista - Focal points - Enclosure GROUP MASTERPLAN..........................................25 -Key moves UNDERSTANDING THE BRIEF...........................29 - Schedule of accommodation - Massing - Precedents - Perspective DEVELOPING A PROPOSAL................................41 - Design intentions - Initial design ideas - Development of scheme - Access - Development of building THE OUTCOME......................................................66 - The city - The block - The building - The room
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BUILDING AND CITY
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DESIGN REPORT
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BARCELONA
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Analysis of how the MacBa by Richard Meier sits withing the city.
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DESIGN REPORT
Grid
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Organic
Barcelona
URBAN ACTIVITIES
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Typical activities in the urban spaces of Barcelona.
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DESIGN REPORT
UNIT GROUP WORK SITE ANALYSIS
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Scotland
Dundee
West End
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TYPOLOGY
DESIGN REPORT
ORIGIN
ORIGIN
GREEK
TUPOS
DEFINITI
(type)
TYPOLOGY GREEK
TUPOS
E N G L (type) ISH
mid 19th century
LOGY
TYPOLOGY mid 19 century th
ENGLISH
LOGY
D E F I N I T I O N --
typology is the classification of physical characteristics commonly found in buildings and urban places.
“To raise the question of typology in architecture is to raise a question of the nature of the architectural work itself. To answer it means for each generation, a redefinition of the essence of architecture and an explanation of all its attendant problems.� Typology is used within architecture to describe the differences within buildings. Within Roseangle we analyse the different typologies in the form of the several different forms of structure found within our site. These range from tenement buildings to detached villas. All incorporating different characteristics to fit their surroundings and contextual issues. The diagrams to the left represent the journey and redefinition of a structure throughout multiple iterations. The variety and change within these diagrams potentially highlight the adaptations needed to overcome certain physical and theoretical challenges. It is these changes that allow for the specific typologies to be created within architecture as each structure must overcome its own individual challenges to create a meaningful and suitable piece of design.
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typology i characteris and urban
EMMA SJĂ–HOLM
Tenements are made up of housing blocks stacked on top of each other, similar to terrace housing they often make up rows that line the street print. Specific to the tenement type some buildings offer the ground floor as retail.
The industrial type presents itself as large in scale, low in hight and with large floor coverage. Green space is traded for parking, to allow access for its multiple users, details are unassuming and materials are similar, using industrial in their aesthetic.
Villas stand alone and are often stepped back from the street in their own garden or green space. In the West End area the majority of villas are towards the bottom of the hill near Magdalen Green. Many of the older villas run along the road parallel to the green allowing them views out across the Tay. Terraced housing sees the single house block attached to other blocks and arranged in rows. This results in full streets flanked in this type of housing. Terraced housing is seen throughout the west end area is concentrated near the middle, between Perth Road and Magdalen Green.
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DESIGN REPORT
Tenements
Industrial
Villas
Terraced 14
POSITIVE SPACE
Miller’s Wynd, car park
Westfield Lane, car park and greenery
EMMA SJÖHOLM
Magdalen Green, public park 15
DESIGN REPORT
ENVIRONMENT spring - summer . spring - summer . spring - summer .
environmental analysis . environmental analysis . environmental analysis .
dundee . dundee . dundee .
Scan QR code to see how light and shadows change from one season to the other.
miller’s w
!"#$%&"'() l o c a+&**,-./(01 tion p autumn - winter .
environmental analysis .
dundee .
dun
activities 37
37 37
2 activities
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FIRST IMPRESSIONS
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Miller’s Wynd
Perth Road
Westfield Place 17
DESIGN REPORT
MATERIALS
Stone + Lime The East End retained the basic materials of stone and lime which can be seen throughout the street scape of Dundee.
Slate + Iron Due to the growing numbers of residential housing and new developments a more modern approach of materials is introduced in Dundee’s local architecture.
Timber + Lead
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In some areas, an alternative use of materials is introduced, creating a diverse architecture throughout Dundee.
VISTA
EMMA SJÖHOLM
Virw from Perth Road
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DESIGN REPORT
Secondary streets leading one towards Magdalen Green.
The slope makes it easier to move downhill, towards Magdalen Green.
Narrow streets create an anticipation for what lies around the corner, making one move forward, towards Magdalen Green.
Gravitating towards Magdalen Green Situated on a slope, the natural flow and movement of Rosangle is directed downhill, towards Magdalen Green, an extensive green space. The smaller secondary streets allow for an intriguing, calm experience and lead one off the busy Perth Road, where the framed vistas and the horizontal focal points of the river Tay pull one into the narrow lanes. These smaller urban spaces create a journey of enclosure and scale when the typology changes and the narrow streets make the observer anticipate something vast and open, making every turn filled with the hope of experiencing the juxtaposition between enclosure and openness. One is finally rewarded with this experience when Roseangle comes to an end, and a wide public space opens up in front of the observer.
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FOCAL POINTS
EMMA SJĂ–HOLM
The Vertical and the Horizontal When walking through Dundee, one’s eyes are either drawn to the Church towers, chimneys or the hills on the other side of the Tay. One can therefore draw the conclusion that Dundee has two strong elements: the vertical and the horizontal axes. Here one can see the tower of Gate Church International on Perth Road as the vertical focal point, and the River Tay as the horizontal focus point.
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ENCLOSURE
DESIGN REPORT
lle Mi nd Wy r’s
1.
2.
Perth Road
3. 4.
5. st We ld fie e
c Pla
A journey through the streets The changing typology makes one experience the urban spaces differently; scale and enclosure change depending on the variations in the vertical and horizontal axes.
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EMMA SJĂ–HOLM
1.
Cross section through car park.
2. Cross section though tenement housing and open space. Secondary street.
3. Cross section though tenement housing and tenement housing. Primary Street.
4. Cross section though villa and terraced housing. Secondary street.
5. Cross section though villa and villa. Secondary street
6. Moving through the sections from Miller’s Wynd towards Westfield Place. 23
DESIGN REPORT
“Enclosure sums up the polarity of legs and wheels. It is the basic unit of the precinctual pattern; outside, the noise and speed of impersonal communication which comes and goes but is not of any place. Inside, the quietness and human scale of the square, quad or courtyard. This is the end product of traffic, this is the place to which traffic brings you. Without enclosure traffic becomes nonsense.� (Cullen, 1961, p. 25)
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EMMA SJร HOLM
GROUP MASTERPLAN
Melisa Ruzgar - Alexandra Meckler - Emma Sjรถholm
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DESIGN REPORT
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KEY MOVES
Block off Hawkhill
Block off view of Life Science building
Direct view towards focal points
Different typologies
South facing balconies/gardens
Divide brief into separate building blocks
Cluster of buildings surrounded by soft landscaping
Enclosure and movement through site
Areas to encourage exercise
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DESIGN REPORT
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U N D E R S TA N D I N G T H E B R I E F
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SCHEDULE OF ACCOMMODATION
MASSING
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DESIGN REPORT
PRECEDENTS
Accordia - Feilden Clegg Bradley Studios Cambridge , United Kingdom Analysing: masterplan, private gardens/ courtyards, green space
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Paths
Building blocks
Greenery
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DESIGN REPORT
West Burn Lane - Sutherland Hussey Harris St. Andrews, United Kingdom Analysing: the street, manipulating the perspective and courtyards
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Pushing building blocks back to create positive space
Blocks look like one, continuous ‘wall’ in perspective. 35
DESIGN REPORT
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PERSPECTIVE
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Exploring how building blocks can be moved and twisted without disturbing the perspective. 37
DESIGN REPORT
Priene - Ancient Greek city of Iona Analysing: theatre (cultural district, assembly space), grid, main street, wall protecting the city, the Agora (political and commercial centre)
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Carcassonne - Medieval French Fortress Analysing: theatre (cultural district, assembly space), organic, main street, wall protecting the city (multiple layers of privacy), citadel (central, protected space)
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DESIGN REPORT
Exeter library - Louis Kahn Exeter, New Hampshire, United States Analysing: use of materials, study space, light and atmosphere
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DEVELOPING A PROPOSAL
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DESIGN REPORT
“The potential for a safe city is strengthened generally when more people move about and stay in city space. A city that invites people to walk must by definition have a reasonably cohesive structure that offers short walking distances, attractive public spaces and a variation of urban functions. These elements increase activity and the feeling of security in and around city spaces. These are more eyes along the street and a greater incentive to follow events going on in the city from surrounding housing events. “ (Ghel, 1933, p. 6)
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DESIGN INTENTIONS
EMMA SJĂ–HOLM
Community
How: creaing a micro society by using different typologies, enclosures and allowing different urban activities to take place in certain places to make people linger.
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DESIGN REPORT
Vi e w s
How: work with the topography to maximise views.
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To g e t h e r n e s s
How: by creating a protected space for gathering. Directing all circulation around this space.
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DESIGN REPORT
INITIAL DESIGN IDEAS
“Cities must urge urban planners and architects to reinforce pedestrianism as an integrated city policy to develop lively, safe, sustainable and healthy cities. It is equally urgent to strengthen the social function of city space as a meeting place that contributes toward the aims of social sustainability and an open and democratic society.� (Gehl, 1933, p.6)
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DESIGN REPORT
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Primary streets
Secondary streets
Existing streets
Public
Semi-public
Green space
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DEVELOPMENT OF SCHEME
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ACCESS
DEVELOPMENT OF BUILDING (HMO AND LIVE-WORK UNITS)
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THE OUTCOME
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THE CITY
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Site location plan 1:1250
Section 1:2000
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DESIGN REPORT
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THE BLOCK
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Activities within the block.
Locheen
Hilltown
Proposal
Stobswell
Broughty Ferry
Communities in Dundee
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DESIGN REPORT
A
C
C
B
B
A
Masterplan 1:500 70
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Ground floor
Upper floor
Public
Semi-public
Private
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DESIGN REPORT
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Public perimeter with narrow lanes for permeability.
The ‘heart’; a protected public space.
Creating an illusion of a grid.
Directing views to the south-east or the ‘heart’.
Pedestrianised streets from Perth Road.
Access from main streets; Hawkhill, Perth Road and Dow Street.
EMMA SJÖHOLM
Section CC 1:200
Section BB 1:200
Section AA 1:200 (zoomed in)
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DESIGN REPORT
Public
Semi-public
Private
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Section AA 1:200
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THE BUILDING
DESIGN REPORT
A
C
C
B
B
Ground floor 1:200 A
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Typical upper floor 1:200
Level -1 1:200 77
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THE ROOM
Ground floor 1:200
Level -1 1:200
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Live-work unit
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DESIGN REPORT
Typical upper floor 1:200
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Ground floor 1:200
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REFERENCES
Cullen, G. (1961) The Concise Townscape. First edition. Croydon: CPI Group Gehl, J. (1933) Cities for people. First edition. Washington, D.C.: Island P.
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