14 fall roundup by encorepublishing

02 ♦

September 18, 2014 –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

farm&ranch ROUNDUP –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– FALL 2014 EDITION ♦ BIG NICKEL

TIPS FOR PROSPECTIVE HORSE OWNERS the stable should be a minimum of 8 feet. This stable will provide shelter in both the cold and heat.

Children often dream of waking up one morning and finding their own horse or pony in their yards. Some people are able to make this dream a reality and own these beautiful animals.

When establishing a pasture, be sure it is fenced in with a highly visible fence that is tall enough so that the horse cannot easily jump it. The fence should be clearly visible so the horse does not mistakenly try to go through it, risking entanglement or injury.

Whether raising a horse for pleasure or profession, it is important to know that caring for horses can be labor-intensive. The reward for properly taking care of a horse is a healthy and well-trained animal. But horse ownership is a significant and expensive responsibility, so it is important that prospective owners understand what they are getting into before they make any final decisions.

Feeding The average saddle horse weighs roughly 1,000 pounds if not more. The animal can eat anywhere from 17 to 26 pounds of feed per day. Feed is a combination of grain, hay and pasture, but salt also should be made available to the horse. If the weather prevents grazing, supplemental hay will be needed.

Breed The first to consider when mulling horse ownership is the breed. If you are unfamiliar with horses, it is best to research different breeds online and visit horse breeders and owners. Perhaps workers at a stable or farm nearby can guide your choice. There also are forums devoted to horses and care. Some recommended breeds for first-time owners include quarter horses, paints, and morgans. However, all horses are individuals and may have their own unique personality traits.

Keep in mind hay bails can weigh up to 85 pounds. They also will take up considerable space. This is something that needs to be factored into the space requirement for a horse. Feed and water troughs can be purchased at livestock supply stores or be made from repurposed buckets and barrels. Horses need plenty of fresh water to drink and the water trough should be checked and cleaned regularly to maintain a sanitary environment.

Acreage and housing Horses are large animals and will need room to exercise and roam. They require a corral or pasture to stretch their legs, so a potential horse owner will need a relatively large property to give a horse the space it needs. In addition to the corral, the horse will require a shelter from the elements. A shed or stable should be at least 10 to 12 feet in both width and length. The height of

Tack and saddles Depending on how you use the horse, you will need saddles, reins, bits, stirrups, cinches, spurs, ropes, and collars. Saddle bags and cushions may be needed if you will be on the horse for long periods of time. If a horse tack retailer is not nearby, many items can be ordered online

and shipped to your home. In addition, pitchforks, shovels, brushes and grooming supplies will be needed to keep the stable and horse clean and comfortable.

Manure A large animal who eats several pounds of food per day will produce a lot of waste. It’s key to have a plan in place to manage manure. You may want to convert manure into organic fertilizer. Check to see if there is a way to dispose of manure

in your area or donate it to be used for gardening or vegetable cooperatives. Some people will purchase manure to use in their private landscapes. Establish a strategy for manure usage or disposal before buying a horse, as manure can accumulate rapidly and attract flies and other insects.

Veterinary care Research and develop a relationship with a veterinarian prior to purchasing a horse. Horses require routine vaccinations and examinations,

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Horses are magnificent animals that can bring joy and companionship. But those interested in owning a horse must recognize that such ownership is a significant responsibility unlike more traditional pet ownership.

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and deworming is necessary to control internal parasites. Hooves will need to be trimmed regularly, so it behooves owners to establish a relationship with a qualified farrier. The vet may recommend farriers in your area.

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Offer available 7/1/14 through 9/30/14. Cannot be combined with any other offer. Rebates and/or financing based on the purchase of eligible equipment defined in promotional program. Pricing and rebates in US dollars. Financing subject to credit approval. Customers must take delivery prior to the end of the program period. Some customers will not qualify. Some restrictions apply. Offers available on new equipment only. Prior purchases are not eligible. Offer valid only at participating Dealers.Subject to change. Limited Supply at these prices. Plus tax if applicable. See your dealer for details. For qualified buyers with GE Financial.

R O G E R S V I LL E , M O H WY . 6 0 E A S T O F S P F D . 41 7- 7 53 - 43 33

L O C K W O O D, M O 41 7- 2 32 - 470 0 4 5 M I N NE O F J O P LI N

M O U N T A I N G R O VE , M O 41 7- 92 6- 6 52 0 4 5 MIN E OF S P FD .

BIG NICKEL ♦ FALL 2014 EDITION –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

farm&ranch ROUNDUP –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– September 18, 2014 ♦ 03

Some General Information for the Potential Camelid Owner T. R. THEDFORD, DVM Extension Veterinarian Dr. Katharine Simpson Food Animal Veterinarian

Native to the Andes Mountains, llamas and alpacas thrive at altitudes of 8,000 to 16,000 feet in areas of severe cold, gale force winds, and sparse and seasonable vegetation. In their native habitat, llamas are used primarily as a source of fiber, meat, and labor, while alpacas are used as a fiber and food animal. The genus Lama is a member of the camel family. The Lama genus is comprised of four different species which are collectively known as ‘camelids’: 1. The Llama Lama glama 2. The Alpaca Vicugna pacos Both of these species have been domesticated longer than any other species of animal with the possible exception of dogs. 3. Guanaco Lama guanicoe

Camelid Organizationsnology • International Llama Association, Box 1891, Kalispell, MT 59903. Phone (406) 257-0282

Some Camelid Data 1. Llamas and alpacas are pseudo ruminants and have three stomachs (cows, sheep, and goats—all true ruminants have four).

• Llama Association of North America, Box 1882, Minden, Nevada 89423. Phone (702) 2653177

2. All four species have 37 pairs of chromosomes, will cross breed, and produce reproductively viable offspring. 3. Llama males average 300 pounds to 400 pounds and females average 230 pounds to 350 pounds. Adult alpacas usually range from 100 pounds to 175 pounds. The two breeds of alpaca are Huacaya and Suri. Huacaya fiber is short, crimped, and springy, while Suri fiber is long, has no crimp, and hangs down alongside the body. 4. Females are usually large enough to breed at 15 to 18 months of age, but this is dependent upon weight. Males should not breed until they are 2

• American Llama Show Association, Box 107, Ocate, New Mexico 87734. Phone (505) 666-2492 The Llama (Llama Glama).

minutes. 10. Adults are called males and females. Babies are called “crias” and females usually have only one baby at a time. 11. Llama crias commonly weigh 15 to 30 pounds at birth. Alpaca crias usually weigh 8 to 20 pounds at birth. 12. About 90 percent of crias are born between the hours of 9:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. and during daylight hours. 13. Most crias are born while the

4. Vicuna Vicugna vicugna

should receive 5 percent of their body weight in colostrum within the first 6 hours of birth and 10 percent within the first 12 hours. Lack of adequate “passive transfer” (antibodies from colostrums) can result in severe illness. There are tests that can determine whether enough antibodies were ingested and absorbed by the cria. 20. Goat or cow colostrum will suffice if the dam does not have milk. 21. Crias should be weighed as soon as they are dry and their weight checked daily for growth. They should gain 1/2 to 1 pound per day for the first two weeks or so. 22. Camelids are very stoic and it is difficult to tell if they are sick. Owners should monitor feed intake and grazing along with temperature to determine illness. 23. Camelids have a split, prehensile lip. 24. Camelids require from 1.5 percent to 2 percent of their body weight of feed per day (dry matter basis).

Llamas and Alpacas are easy to train and work with.

These two species are wild and are believed to be the ancestors of the llama and alpaca. Currently, llamas and alpacas are very popular. There are more than 80,000 animals in the U.S. They are being used in a variety of ways, ranging from work and guard animals to companion and breeding animals. Both llamas and alpacas are clean, almost odorless, and very easy to care for. They eat grain, grass, and browse. Generally quiet and docile, llamas and alpacas are easy to train and work with. The following are items of information that might be helpful to the prospective llama owner and breeder.

1/2 years old. Males reach full sexual maturity at 3 years. 5. Reproductive capacity ends at 15 to 18 years old. However, life span is 20 years or more. 6. Gestation is 11 1/2 months (about 350 days plus or minus 14 days). 7. Camelids are induced ovulators and must be bred before they ovulate, so they do not show overt signs of behavioral estrus. 8. Camelids breed with the female in sternal recumbency, known as the “kushed” position (sitting on her legs with her belly on the ground). 9. Breeding requires about 20

female stands. 14. Crias are covered with a thin cutaneous membrane that dries up and falls off soon after birth. 15. Females do not lick their young, but are attentive and good mothers. 16. Females may be rebred 14 to 21 days after birth of a cria. 17. The placenta of the camelid is diffuse and resembles that of the horse. 18. The female camelid has four teats. 19. Crias, similar to young ruminants, are dependent on colostrum for antibody protection after they are born. They

Features:

The “DUKE” Wheel Corral Heavy construction • Electric over hydraulic w/solar chrg. One cylinder instead of 2 for less maintenance • Cut out gates in alley Adjustable hitch • Pads for wheels to rest on to eliminate damaging them “Bud Box” for easy flow to the alley • Access or palpation gates in alley

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25. Males have “fighting teeth,” two uppers and one lower on each side. These teeth should be cut off at about three years of age and again later if they grow out. 26. “Spitting” and “body charging” are normal herd dominance behavior patterns in males. These actions rarely occur against humans and should not be allowed. Bottle fed male crias tend to develop unacceptable behavior when they become sexually mature. 27. Camelids can suffer from heat stress when the temperature in degrees F added to the percent humidity approaches or exceeds 150º to 180º. To prevent heat stress, heavily wooled animals should be sheared before warm weather or have a cooled living

• International Llama Registry, PO Box 8, Kalispell, MT 59903. Phone (406) 755-3438 • Alpaca Owners & Breeders Association, 5000 Linbar Drive, Suite 297, Nashville, TN 37211. Phone (615) 834-4195

CAMELID BOOKS • Medicine and Surgery of South American Camelids, 2nd edition, edited by Murray Fowler. $120.42 • Alpaca and Llama Heath Management, Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice. Volume 25, Issue 2, pages 239-552 (July 2009). Edited by David E. Anderson & Claire E. Whitehead. $99.00.

space. 28. Prices vary widely, with male llamas bringing $200 to $1000 and females $400 to $3500. For alpacas, stud quality mature males and breeding females will fetch $10,000 – almost $100,000. Prices have moderated from previous years and have currenty stabilized. 29. They are easy to care for, not subject to very many diseases, and have few maintenance problems short of a periodic deworming and foot trimming.

Llamas have a split, prehensile lip.

♦ September 18, 2014 ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

Corn/Cattle Pricing Futures Corn prices will fluctuate slightly above $4/bu. through 2020, and corn acres will decline, a new report says. Strong livestock profits will generate growth in cattle and hog sectors, though prices will moderate from current highs.

Row Crop Price Outlook For corn and soybeans, large U.S. and global supplies will push prices to their lowest levels since 2009, though modest recovery is likely after 2015, according to projections this month from the Food and Agricultural Policy Research Institute (FAPRI) at the University of Missouri. Estimates call for farm corn prices of $3.89/bu. for the 2014/15 crop based on Aug. 15 conditions, more optimistic than some forecasts and higher than newcrop bids in many locales. FAPRI sees a slight recovery moving forward, with prices of $4.09/bu. for the 2015/16 marketing year and a gradual rise to $4.25 by 2019/20.

Campbell Farm Sarcoxie RIO MICHELLE PARKER Staff Writer

Things on the Campbell Farm, just south of Sarcoxie, are really hopping. Owner Jim Campbell is busy harvesting a bumper crop of corn this year and his storage bins runneth over. Alas, his wallet does not. “Corn prices are down since it’s a good crop. We had relatively cool temperatures in April and June and we got ample rainfall in June. We could have used more rain in Jul,y and August, but we aren’t complaining.“ In fact, there is so much corn that the Campbells had to buy another storage bin for all that yellow stuff, bringing their total to ten. It takes about two to three weeks to harvest the ears, which he mainly sells to local feed stores and chicken mills, though

he sets some aside for his own 300 head of cattle.

two decades is, of course, technology.

He explains corn farming has changed quite a bit since he first started in 1980, including the bottom dollar profit.

“You can get a lot more done in a shorter amount of time these days than you used to,” he notes.

“It’s off quite a bit right now because of the big crop. Back in 2011 or 2012, you could get $7 or $8 a bushel and now, It’s $3.50 or less. I mean, it sells well all the time because the demand for it around the world is always good.” Another thing that has upped the corn game during the past

“You can shell 4000 bushel an hour now, whereas 20 years ago, it would have been closer to just 1000. Thanks to genetics, varieties have improved a lot as well.” Growing up in a family that has worked the soil for at least five generations, Campbell knows it isn’t a quick way to get rich, but he loves what he does.

LINDA GEIST COLUMBIA, Mo. – Farmers should look now for storage options for 2014’s bumper corn harvest.

Some corn in the Bootheel region of Missouri has already reached black layer stage of development and shelling may begin as early as next week, said Anthony Ohmes, MU Extension agronomy specialist in Cape Girardeau County.

University of Missouri Extension specialist Bill Wiebold said farmers may hold onto corn this year to sell it when prices increase. Corn is trading at about $3.60 a bushel, down from the record of more than $8.30 a bushel in 2012.

Frank Wideman, MU Extension natural resources engineer, said Bootheel-area farmers are talking about alternative ways to store corn. “A lot of the farming community would like to hold onto grain in hopes that prices improve over the winter,” Wideman said.

The most recent USDA Crop Report predicts Missouri corn harvest at 160 bushels per acre, the second highest yield on record. Production is expected to be up 22 percent, 24 bushels per acre, from 2013.

Some are modifying existing structures such as machine sheds or hay barns, he said. These structures are not intended for grain storage but producers are fortifying them with wood and adding moisture-proof liners.

Growing conditions were favorable in the 18 states that produce 91 percent of the nation’s corn. And some producers still have 2012 corn crop in bins, Wiebold said.

Others are contracting with commercial grain elevators for storage. Some are considering plastic bag tubes, temporary plastic bag storage systems up to the length of a football field and 7-8 feet in diameter. They are meant to hold grain for one season, Wideman said.

Richard Fordyce, Missouri agriculture department director, said Thursday at the State Fair that the state’s Grain and Inspection and Warehousing Division is reaching out to farmers and commercial grain elevators to help. “It’s got to go somewhere,” he said.

He said silage has been stored in these tubes for several years. There are differences between corn and silage storage, however. Silage and corn with high moisture content can be successfully stored in tubes for feed-

Wheat prices are expected to be $6.27, which is 60 cents per bushel lower than in 2013. They will decline to $5.73/bu. in 2015/16 and fluctuate between $5.72 and $5.97 through 2019/20.

LIVESTOCK PRICE OUTLOOK For cattle producers, steer prices (total all grades) are forecast to be a record $150.42/cwt. for 2014, up $25 from last year. FAPRI forecasts a gradual price decline as supplies rebuild, from $147.45/cwt. in 2015 to $124.69 by 2019. Though he hasn’t always grown corn and even these days alternates crops like soybeans and wheat (varying crops mean the ground is always covered, but not overworked with one type) with corn, the latter helps him in keep going thanks to ever increasing world population numbers. “There’s always someone to buy it, so it’s a good basic crop to have.

STORAGE PROBLEMS LIKELY WITH BUMPER CORN CROP University of Missouri Extension

Meanwhile, soybean prices of $10.30/bu. are projected for this year’s crop. The figure will dip to $9.64 for 2015/16. From 2016 to 2019, FAPRI calls for soybean prices between $10.11 and $10.69/bu.

ing to livestock. Corn must be dried prior to storage if it is to be sold later. Corn storage in tubes has some risk including fermentation. Unlike silage that is packed tightly, corn can be damaged when animals and birds put holes in the tubes in an attempt to gain access to corn. This allows rain or snow to enter the tube and cause damage. Drying means extra costs and tubes cost about 7-8 cents per bushel, similar to the cost of commercial storage. However, producers incur extra labor costs and corn is reduced in quality and quantity. A vacuum-type conveyor can be used to suck it up and blow it into a grain truck. A tractor with a front-end loader also can be used to load corn into the grain truck. Labor costs increase and value decreases with either method. Farmers stored 11.78 billion bushels of grain on farms in 2012, according to the latest data available from the USDA. That was up 20 percent from 2002. Rail traffic and other transportation issues also are likely for producers and commercial grain handlers this year, Wiebold said.

Pork barrow and gilt prices are forecast to be $75.96/cwt. this year. That’s a strong recovery over the previous two years. Prices are forecast to fall to $66.93/cwt. in 2015, easing to a range of $55.37 to $59.17/cwt. for the rest of the forecast period. "Reduced cattle numbers, animal disease problems and strong international demand are causing record cattle, hog and milk prices in 2014," the report says. "Supply response to these high prices and lower feed costs contribute to lower meat and dairy prices in 2015." U.S. per capita meat consumption is forecast to rise from 198.6 million pounds this year to 208.6 million pounds in 2019.

CORN ACRES TO DROP Planted corn acres are projected to drop 2 million acres in 2015 to 89.6 million. Acres will increase slightly, to the 91.8 million to 92.3 million acre range, throughout the rest of the forecast period. Soybean acreage will decline in 2015 by fewer than 1 million acres, to 83.9 million acres. They are expected to dip further over the rest of the period, down to between 81.1 million and 82.2 million acres. Wheat acreage will change little, from 56.5 million acres this year to 54.7 million acres by the end of the period. Cotton acreage is forecast to decline from 11.19 million acres this year to 10.32 million in 2015, changing minimally through 2019.

Row Crop Returns Outlook Despite the bearish price outlook, corn returns per acre will beat returns for soybeans, wheat and cotton. Corn returns over variable costs will be $288.30/acre this year and will range from $304.14 to $344.54 for the rest of the period, FAPRI says.

farm&ranch ROUNDUP –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– September 18, 2014 ♦ 05

Chelsea, OK • (918) 789-2559 Hepler, KS • (620) 368-4347 Parsons, KS • (620) 421-5110 Weir, KS • (620) 396-8559 Weir, KS • (620) 396-8554

Rigorous Testing For Agricultural Tire Performance (NAPS)—To help feed a growing world population, farmers depend on having the right equipment. When they climb aboard their tractors or combines, they’re counting on their agricultural tires to deliver the best possible field performance and value. Rigorous testing can play a key role in ensuring that new products will stand up to the challenging conditions that farmers experience throughout the growing season. One major concern is soil compaction—caused by heavy farm equipment—that can harm healthy root development and reduce crop yields. The goal is to minimize compaction from these machines by

designing tires that can support the load with the lowest possible air pressure required and provide a longer footprint. That’s why engineers at Michelin Agricultural Tires conduct marketspecific tests to evaluate soil compaction. In one test, tires are rolled in a sand track to measure differences in the surface area of footprints and the depth of ruts. Another test involves digging a pit, which is filled with soil layers of alternate colors. After equipment passes over the pit, a trench is dug perpendicular to the tire tracks so the compaction of the soil layers can be measured.

Traction and Durability Tire traction is another important factor tested. Poor traction results not only in wasted fuel but also excessive slippage that causes extreme wear on tires and machines. Traction force is tested by attaching a plow to a tractor that is operated on a plot with uniform soil over a predetermined distance, enabling tire spin and fuel consumption to be analyzed. When farmers invest in ag tires, they also expect excellent durability and a long service life. The tire company conducts an accelerated wear test in which machines are operated

24 hours a day at varying speeds under different simulated field conditions. The condition of the tread, and the wear at each point on the tread, can then be evaluated. This testing process ensures that each individual product is made to the highest quality and suited for the application for which it is designed. “Every new size is individually tested and validated by Michelin's agriculture testing facility in an effort to ensure the new tire will fit its intended market,” reports James Crouch, farm segment marketing manager. Once a new tire model has passed these tests, it is further tested and

Rigorous testing helps ensure that farm equipment tires will provide good traction, durability and reduced soil compaction.

monitored in actual farmer fields. Performance criteria include resistance to sidewall damage and tread damage caused by crop stubble. Learn More: For further information, visit www.michelinag.com.

Innovations Help Consumers Get Quality Pork

Learn More: For further facts, visit www.automatedproduction.com.

Electronic Sow Feeding (ESF), like this system from Automated Production Systems, enables U.S. pork producers to provide proper animal nutrition to help meet global pork demand.

“Electronic sow feeding is the only method that provides true individual animal nutrition to maximize performance and sow comfort in a group housing setting,” says Jeff Schoening, technical sales manager for Automated Production Systems (AP), a leading global manufacturer of swine production equipment.

(NAPS)—When meat is on the menu, there’s a good chance it’s pork. Whether it’s bacon, ham or other favorites, pork accounts for about 40 percent of all global meat consumption.

Proper nutrition is essential to the health of gestating sows and the development of baby pigs. With ESF, sows are identified by an RFID (radio frequency identification) tag, similar to the bar code on consumer products. When the animal enters the computerized feeding station, the system recognizes the tag and automatically dispenses the feed ration and nutritional supplements specific to her needs. In other forms of group housing, sows are fed

Fortunately, technology advances help U.S. producers keep pace with the demand for high-quality, nutritious pork. One system playing an increasingly important role is Electronic Sow Feeding, or ESF.

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as a group, which does not ensure that all animals actually eat the right amount necessary for optimal health. Schoening notes that ESF can do much more. “Electronic identification with RFID tags supports a host of other computer-controlled solutions,” he explains. Management options include monitoring the correct timing for vaccinations and ultrasonic pregnancy exams, as well as heat detection. Animal movement within the barn can also be tracked. In addition to ESF, AP also provides an array of other technologies. These include Bio-Dri, a system for heating and drying trailers following washdown to protect animal health during transport, and advanced filtration systems to ensure a safe environment in swine barns.

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duce, stock up on a few supplies. You will need a large plastic bowl, some apple cider vinegar or baking soda and a produce brush. Add enough cool water to cover the produce you will be washing. Add either three tablespoons per gallon of the vinegar to the bowl or sprinkle about three tablespoons of the baking soda into the water. It's best not to mix both the vinegar and the baking soda, or you may end up with a foaming, overflowing concoction thanks to the chemical reaction that occurs when vinegar mixes with baking soda.

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regulations means some farms pay more attention to profit than to the purity and safety of crops. The Pure Food Growers of America states that the average American consumes more than 10 pounds of insecticides and herbicides every year from produce. Many of these substances are proven carcinogens.

The demand for fresh produce has increased in recent years as more people are turning to fresh fruits and vegetables for their nutritional value. That increase in demand has forced many suppliers to import more produce from other countries, which could be putting consumers' health at risk.

The Dirty Dozen the produce. Some foods, like celery and lettuce, have dirt or bugs trapped in their ribs and folds. Soaking and scrubbing can dislodge any bugs. Instead of washing the entire head at once, wash lettuce leaves as they are used to retain the vitamins and minerals. After rinsing the produce, allow to dry before eating. A salad spinner can help dry lettuce and cabbage leaves so they are not soggy. It is best to wash produce right before using it rather than washing it in advance. Moisture encourages bacterial growth and hasten spoiling. Even foods that have a rind, such as melons, should be washed prior to eating to avoid contamination from the rind to the flesh inside.

Certain foods are dirtier than others in terms of the pesticides they contain. However, foods that were grown without pesticides may still be contaminated by animal feces and bacteria from the soil and irrigation. That being said, here are the 12 foods that are most likely to contain the highest amounts of pesticide residue, according to The Environmental Working Group. 1. Apples 2. Celery 3. Cherry tomatoes 4. Cucumbers 5. Grapes 6. Hot peppers 7. Nectarines 8. Peaches 9. Potatoes 10. Spinach 11. Strawberries 12. Sweet bell peppers

GOT MILK?: The Price of Milk RIO MICHELLE PARKER Staff Writer

A well dressed woman is standing in front of a dairy cooler at a Joplin supermarket, holding the door and fuming. “How can a gallon of milk possibly cost this much? I mean, seriously, it’s worse than gas!” What she doesn’t know is that several hours before she donned her business suit and heels that morning, dairy farmers across the country were already toiling away making sure she had a cooler of milk from which to grab her gallon. Despite modern alternatives to cow’s milk such as soy and almond products, the old fashioned stuff is still a hot seller. Eyebrows and tempers may rise every time the price goes up, but few consumers realize the grueling, seemingly endless work that goes into bringing the farm staple from milking parlor to dining room. Tiff City dairy farmer Jason Ruddick, quick with an easy smile, knows exactly what it takes. His farm is a family affair and no one gets to sleep in. Over the past thirty years, Ruddick has learned the family business from top to bottom. Waking to first feed, then milk, the four legged natives of his modest farm well before the rooster even cracks an eyelid. And the warm and friendly family man does so without complaints. “We have to feed them around 3:30 a.m. to start milking by 4. Then we do that again 12 hours later, waiting until they are able to build up more milk.” All for an average of four minutes or less milking time per cow. In between milkings, there is equipment to fix, curious cattle to track down, mama cows and calves to care for, business decisions to be

made, paperwork to be done and a family to tend to. It’s a job that never really ends. And if there are dairy farmers out there making a mint on all that work, you’d be hard pressed to find one. You pour it over your morning cereal, put a splash in your coffee, mix it in with your scrambled eggs and use it in countless recipes, but how much do you really know about what it takes to produce it for the millions of Americans who buy it every day? Milk may “do a body good,“ but producing it for public consumption probably won’t make that body - or his family - rich. “It’s not something you do for the money in it, that’s for sure,” Ruddick laughs. Since the first cow landed stateside in Jamestown colony in 1611, we have been hooked on the liquid gold. For over 200 years, just about every American family had its own milk supply, but milking was definitely a much smaller operation then. Before milking machines were invented in 1894, farmers could only milk about six cows per hour. Today, farmers use machines to milk more than 100 cows per hour, with a modern cow producing ten times as much milk as its ancestors. But for every gallon of milk they sell, the producers’ take home is often measured in cents. They don’t get to set the prices they are given for their milk and for every gallon sold, there are associated hauling charges, co-op fees, marketing funds and other miscellaneous sums that keep the profit margin alarmingly low. For instance, if Ruddick gets $2.16 for a gallon of milk (average now), by the time he pays everyone else involved in the process, he actually brings home about twenty-five cents.

So why do it? “It’s what we know, what we love. We get by. I just can’t see doing anything else.” Not even the passing of the McDonald County farm’s creator and beloved patriarch, Don, on September 1, 2014, will slow things down much for the hard working family. He was a fixture in the farming community for decades and taught his boys Justin and Jason everything they know. Ruddick was

also known throughout the 4 state area for hauling cattle with his fatherin-law, Virgil Winchester, for many years. It’s an absence they will feel likely for a lifetime, but one that will not keep the wheels from turning on this small farm. The cows have to be fed and milked, regardless of tragedy, regardless of loss. Even when there is mourning to be done, the relentless, familiar rhythm of life on the farm continues…

GOALS OF MILKING PROCESS: • produce quality product • minimize mastitis infections • milk clean, dry teats • minimize stress According to the University of Kentucky Agriculture, Food and Environment RECOMMENDED BEST PRACTICES: • minimize stress • wear gloves • clean cows • forestrip (process to get a sample of milk and stimulate further milking) • pre-dip (with sanitizing solution. Eliminating bacteria on teats prior to milking) • dry • Attach milking units (oxytocin reaches peak levels 60 seconds after stimulation) • Remove milking units • Post-dip Limit time in holding pen to less than 2 hours per day. When cows are stressed, adrenalin is released into the bloodstream and interferes with oxytocin, a hormone naturally released in the cow’s brain to signal for release of milk letdown.

farm&ranch ROUNDUP –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– September 18, 2014 ♦ 09

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Photo by Emily Kaiser Slow-moving vehicle emblems give farm equipment extra visibility.

PATIENCE SAVES LIVES DURING HARVEST LINDA GEIST Writer University of Missouri Extension

COLUMBIA, Mo. – A simple, inexpensive sign and a few extra minutes save lives during harvest time. The slow-moving vehicle (SMV) emblem, a reflective orange triangle bordered with red, is the cheapest safety device in the farm store. But it’s also one of the best ways to remind drivers to share the road with farmers during the upcoming harvest says Todd Lorenz, season, University of Missouri Extension agronomy specialist.

National Farm Safety and Health Week, Sept. 21-27, is a good time to talk about driving safety on Missouri’s rural roads, Lorenz said. Farms and farm equipment have grown much larger since rural roads were engineered decades ago. Unmarked intersections and rail crossings on narrow, winding blacktops and gravel roads create dangerous situations for farmers moving equipment from field to field.

• Don’t pass farm equipment without clear visibility and ample time.

• Use SMV signs on all farm equipment.

• Beware of tractors making turns. This requires extra room.

• Plan travel to avoid high traffic times.

• Be aware that tractor cabs and grain trucks may have blind spots and the driver’s hearing may be impaired by the cab and sound of equipment.

• Travel after daybreak and before dark.

• Slow down and be patient.

• Be on the lookout for family members who might be driving supplies or food to the fields on an ATV.

• Be alert and be alive. Put cell-

MU Extension safety specialist

Lorenz offers these safety tips for motorists:

• If traffic is piling up behind you, pull over to road shoulders, if available.

Karen Funkenbusch offers guidelines for farmers:

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• Use hand turn signs. • Install wide mirrors to see traffic and be aware of blind spots. • If possible, have someone follow or precede you to alert drivers. • Be aware of drowsiness. Stop for a lunch break.

• Turn your radio down when approaching intersections and rail crossings. Look and listen. • Be sure that all appropriate signal lights are installed and working, including headlights. For more information, contact your local MU Extension center or Funkenbusch at 800-9958503. The Missouri state statute for SMV emblems can be found at http://on.mo.gov/1qmh29I. For more farm safety information, go to http://farmsafety.mo.gov/. Story source:Todd Lorenz

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Kerri Ebert, Extension Assistant, Bio and Ag Engineering, Farm Safety Most Kansas farms are home to livestock of some type and those animals are involved in a high percentage of farm injuries. The cattle industry alone involves nearly 40,000 farms with more than 6 million cattle. Several thousand horses are used for work and recreational purposes. Another 20,000 or so sheep and 1.5 million hogs are distributed on farms all across the state. Farm fatalities involving livestock are not as common as deaths involving tractors or machinery; however, animals are involved in more total accidents and account for more lost work time from injury. Livestock safety practices involve the animal and the animal handler. Safety means much more than simply “being careful.” This publication covers the topics of livestock and livestock handler safety. For the experienced livestock handler, the information here should serve as a reminder. For an inexperienced livestock handler or someone new to the business, this information can be used as training material. The better a handler understands livestock, the less risk animals will cause damage. Broken bones, crushed limbs, cuts, bruises, missed days of work, and unnecessary medical expenses are the results of animal related incidents. Most farm livestock injuries are caused by large animals — horses and cattle — although animal bites (primarily dog and cat) account for a fair number of farm injuries. People tend to give animals human qualities and forget that animals quickly revert to primal reactions when threatened or stressed. Animals will fiercely defend their food, shelter, territory, and young. When frightened or in pain, an animal may react in ways that threaten its own or its handler’s health and safety. Injuries caused by livestock range from cuts and sprains to falls, broken bones, and whole body injuries. Causes include being kicked, pushed, shoved, or run over by the animal. Observing an animal to determine its temperament can alert the handler to possible dangers. Signs of an irritated animal include: • Raised or pinned ears

• Snorting Male animals and females that have just given birth are potentially dangerous. Males of some breeds are more aggressive than others. Often injuries occur from animals that do not regularly exhibit aggression or fear. A violent reaction may be triggered by excitement caused by a new experience or being moved to a different, unfamiliar pen. Injuries from episodic aggression are usually a result of being kicked, bitten, stepped on, or squeezed between the animal and something solid as the animal tries to flee. Livestock can also be the source of illness in humans. Zoonoses are diseases that can be transmitted between humans and animals. Examples of such diseases are: rabies, brucellosis, campylobacter infection, E. coli O157:H7, and ringworm. Preventative measures, such as keeping animal facilities and equipment clean and sanitized, proper immunizations, and proper personal hygiene can help eliminate the danger of zoonoses.

Safe Handling Treat livestock with respect. Always know where you are and where the animal is in relation to you when you are working with livestock. Never overlook warning signs exhibited by the animal(s) being handled. Take time to understand how animals respond to various situations. Understanding animal behavior will help reduce the potential for accidents. Animals that are handled gently and are allowed to become accustomed to handling procedures and facilities will generally experience less stress when worked. Animal stress is important in livestock production because stress reduces an animal’s ability to fight disease and gain weight. Stress also increases shrink, damages rumen function, and can interfere with reproduction. Reducing stress on livestock will also reduce stress on the handler. Approach livestock slowly from an angle — not directly from behind. Livestock (cattle, sheep, swine, and horses) have broad, panoramic vision and very limited depth perception. It means that the animals are able to see all the way around them, except for small blind-spots at the nose and in the rear. Poor depth per-

KSRE file photo Working chute.

ception means livestock can be easily frightened by shadows or surface changes. Shadows may appear as “holes.”

working with livestock. She says you would be amazed at how well roundup goes with very little “hooting-itup.”

Handling facilities ideally should have solid side walls to prevent animals from seeing outside distractions with their wide-angle vision. Blocking vision will also help stop escape attempts. This is why a solid panel is so effective for handling pigs. Sight reduction also lowers stress levels, having a calming effect on the animal.

Excited, aggressive handling causes animals to watch the activity d than move in the intended rather direction. Loud, abrupt noises, such as the sound of banging metal, can cause distress. Therefore it is wise to install rubber bumpers on gates and squeeze chutes.

Pigs, sheep, and cattle have a tendency to move from a dimly lit area to a more brightly lit area, provided the light does not hit them directly in the eyes. A spotlight directed on the ramp will often help keep the animals moving. Even a change in shadows from morning to afternoon can cause livestock to balk at moving up a chute or into a working pen. Moving or flapping objects can disrupt handling. A cloth or coat swinging in the wind or turning fan blades can cause animals to balk. Movement at the end of a chute can cause them to refuse to be herded. Handlers should be aware of these potential problems when working with animals. Livestock move and react more predictably when they are calm and feel secure. They are also more sensitive than people to high frequency noises. Excessive yelling and hollering while handling and herding livestock can cause a great deal of stress. Temple Grandin, associate professor of animal science at Colorado State University and manager of an independent consulting business, Grandin Livestock Handling Systems, suggests shouting be kept to a minimum when

Animals will, however, readily adapt to reasonable levels of continuous sound, such as white noise or instrumental music. Producers and researchers agree that continuous radio play with a variety of talk and music can actually have a calming effect on livestock and in many cases can actually improve weight gain and prevent weight losses caused by stress-inducing loud noises. The sense of smell is extremely important to animals, especially between females and newborns. Often animals react to odors we do not detect. For example, sheep may be lured by the smell of freshly mown hay or a bull may become aggressive when he detects a cow in heat.

Facilities and Equipment Two important components of developing and maintaining a good working relationship with livestock are good equipment and good facilities. Even such subtleties as color and lighting can have adverse effects on animals being worked. When evaluating equipment and facilities ask these two questions: • Is the equipment/facility designed for what you’re trying to make it do? • Is the equipment or facility free

KSRE file photo Moving from light to dark.

of hazards?

Poor

Housekeeping and regular maintenance are important for keeping animals and handlers safe. Deferring maintenance, modifications, or necessary adjustments that will make equipment safer is a bad idea. Sometimes there are economic reasons for delayed maintenance, but in the long run, regular routine maintenance of facilities and equipment will save money by decreasing the likelihood of a breakdown and injuries to handlers and livestock. Because livestock are able to perceive colors, handling facilities should be painted in one color only. All species of livestock are likely to balk at a sudden change in color or texture. This is also true with respect to texture changes at ground level. To judge depth at ground level the animal must stop and lower its head. This explains why animals make a complete stop to look at something strange on the ground. All livestock tend to refuse to walk over a drain grate, hose, puddle, shadow, or any change in flooring texture or surface. All these factors need to be considered when evaluating or planning livestock handling facilities. For facilities to be functional they should be well maintained and free of clutter. Not only is maintenance necessary for the safety of the animal, but poorly kept facilities are havens for accidents that happen to the handler as well.

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PUT PUMPKINS TO USE IN MANY DIFFERENT WAYS Pumpkins are staples of autumn decorating. But there are more uses for these orange gourds than just carving them into Jack-O-Lanterns.

Autumn is the season when pumpkins are ripe for the picking, and thousands of people flock to local farms and roadside vendors to select perfect pumpkins. Many pumpkins are turned into decorative jack-o'lanterns for Halloween, only to be tossed in the trash come November 1. That could be because many people are unaware of the various ways they can put pumpkins to good use. Pumpkins are gourds and members of the squash family and have been grown and used for thousands of years. Evidence suggests that pumpkins date back to 7000 B.C., possibly originating in Mexico. Today they are widely used for decorating around Halloween, but there are many other things that can be done with pumpkins. • Create a food vessel. Pumpkins can be transformed into bowls

to hold soup, punch, fruit, or even dips. Make sure the pumpkin has been cleaned well of its pulp and seeds, as well as the stringy flesh that is inside. Rub the inside walls of the pumpkin with oil to keep them from drying out and caving in, then fill with your food of choice. • Make pumpkin puree. Puree from a pumpkin can be used in all types of recipes, from soups to baked goods. The puree also can replace the oil in cake recipes. Cut the pumpkin and scoop out the seeds and stringy membranes. Then place it cutside-down in a pan with a little water in the bottom. Bake at 350 F for around 90 minutes. The flesh will become tender and easily removable. Blend the resulting puree in a food proces-

sor and reserve flesh for recipes. Some pumpkins are sweeter or better to use as part of recipes. Check the variety you're purchasing. • Whip up a facial. Use some pumpkin puree with a little brown sugar and a dash of milk to create a vitamin-rich facial mask. • Get illuminated. Turn hollowedout mini pumpkins into candles. Melt soy wax, beeswax or the gel type of candle wax that can be found at most craft stores. Add your favorite scent and place a wick into the bottom of the pumpkin. Then pour the wax into hallowed-out space and allow it to harden. Try the same thing with bumpy and multi-colored gourds for added decorating appeal.

• Turn the pumpkin into a flower pot. Fill a hollow pumpkin with soil. You may not have to worry about scraping the pumpkin completely clean because the pulp can be used to help fertilize the potting soil. Plant your favorite fall flowers into the festive and earth-friendly flower pot. When the pumpkin shows signs of rotting, simply put the whole thing into a traditional flower pot or bury it directly in the ground.

• Add to compost bins. Pumpkins are rich in zinc, vitamin A and vitamin C, among other nutrients. You can add the discarded pumpkins to your backyard compost bins to further replenish the soil.

• Make pumpkin stock. While vegetable or meat-based stocks may be the standards, pumpkin can be used to make stock as well. Clean out the seeds from the stringy guts of the pumpkin and put the guts into a pot filled with water. Add celery, carrots or any other aromatic vegeta-

• Turn into a billowing cauldron. Instead of a standard jack-o'lantern, put a glass jar into the carved pumpkin, add dish soap and hot water to the jar and then put in a piece of dry ice. Bubbles and smoke will pour out of the pumpkin to create a spooktacular effect.

bles for extra flavor. Allow to boil for at least 30 minutes. The stock is ready when it begins to change color. Strain and reserve the stock for use in a variety of recipes.

Grow pumpkins right at home Year after year, families make the trek to farm stands and nurseries in rural areas to purchase pumpkins. There among the vines and soil, each person is on the hunt for the perfect pumpkin to turn into pie or to carve into a gap-toothed jacko'-lantern. But what if you only had to venture as far as your backyard for the ideal autumn pumpkin? It's possible when you plan ahead and sow the seeds of your very own pumpkin patch. Pumpkins are a long-season fruit that requires some advanced soil prep work and planning to ensure a bountiful crop. Pumpkins come in hundreds of varieties of all shapes and sizes. Pumpkins belong to the "cucurbita" family and come in three main categories. Cucurbita Moschata pumpkins belong to a group of mainly squashes that are usually used commercially for canned pumpkins. Cucurbita Pepo pumpkins are the ones typically carved on Halloween. Cucurbita Maxima are the giant pumpkins that show up at state fairs and other vegetable and fruit growing contests. To begin a pumpkin patch, find an area of the yard that gets full sunlight. The soil should have a slightly acidic soil from 6.0 to 6.8 pH. Pumpkins prefer a light, rich soil that drains well. Till the soil and amend it with compost to ensure it is rich in nutrients. Pumpkins can be started indoors from seeds during the early spring. However, if you plan to put seedlings into the ground, be sure to do so when the first frost is over and the soil is 60 F.

The temperature during the day should average 70 F. Be sure to space pumpkins far apart from one another and dig them in deep. Leave at least a few feet of space because vines can grow quite long and pumpkins can get large. Pumpkins are mostly water and need a lot to grow, so test the soil's moisture levels every day. Only add water when it is needed. Deep but infrequent watering results in healthier plants. Keep water off of the leaves, and water the pumpkins in the morning instead of late in the evening. This can prevent the onset of fungal diseases. It is also adviseable to plant sunflowers next to pumpkins to attract the pests that may normally thrive on the pumpkins. Beetles, aphids and squash bugs are common and can damage the crop. When the shell of the pumpkin has hardened and is no longer easily dented, it is usually ready for harvesting. The vine also may begin to thin and whither. If a pumpkin is large but not quite ready, place boards under the pumpkin to keep it from rotting on the ground. Cut stems on the long side, and never carry around the pumpkin by the stem. It can break and cause the pumpkin to rot prematurely. Reduce watering a week to 10 days before harvesting, which will help them keep longer. While visiting pumpkin farms is an enjoyable autumn activity, homeowners can plant their own pumpkins and enjoy their harvests right from the comforts of their backyards. TF13A581

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farm&ranch ROUNDUP –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– September 18, 2014 ♦ 15

BROWN RABBITS RIO MICHELLE PARKER

Staff Writer

It may be the time of year when one focuses on the changing colors in thinning treetops rather than kaleidoscope eggs, but Peter Cottontail is alive and well in Joplin. Or at least that’s what long time resident Shelley Saunders thinks. “I don’t think he knows it isn’t Easter,” Saunders says, laughing. “That little bugger and their kin are just all over my yard this year!” During a tour of her well manicured, brightly hued yard, the part time makeup salesperson and mother of four points to one hole after another dotting her lawn. “At first, we thought the dogs were doing it. But then we would see them just looking down into the holes. Then, we made a game out of the kids filling in the holes, but it became too many. Now, we just patch one at a time really as we are playing or just walking around the yard. The kids are afraid if we plug them up, babies will starve to death!” According to the Missouri Department of Conservation’s website, the likely culprit is the Eastern Cottontail, a medium sized mammal with long ears, large hind legs, shorter front legs, a short, fluffy tail and soft fur. With a total average length of 14-19 inches and a weight of 2 3 ¼ lbs., they easily sneak in and out of yards seeking bushy cover for a home or tasty snacks from a backyard garden. Though numbers have reportedly been on the decline since 1955 due to loss of habitat, residents like

Saunders would beg to differ.

“I have two small dogs who run all over my yard and they don’t even phase them. The baby rabbits will come right outta the hole and just go right past them. The dogs must be too used to them because they just look at them like ‘Well played, little bunny, well played.”

Cottontail rabbits are a valuable game species in Missouri, but in some cases they can be a nuisance by damaging plants, garden crops and newly planted seedlings.

Preventing and Controlling Damage Caused by Cottontail Rabbits

Rabbit proof wire and chemical repellents can deter the furry footed vegetarians, but then you may not get any late night welcome home visits.

ROBERT A. PIERCE II Fish and Wildlife State Specialist School of Natural Resources

Webb City native Josh Brady said he hasn’t noticed a lot of damage in his small yard, but it may be because it is close to businesses.

Cottontail rabbits (Sylvilagus floridanus) are one of the most common game animals in Missouri. Cottontails begin to breed in late winter and early spring and have a gestation period of about 28 days. Litter sizes average three to five young and cottontails can typically produce four to five litters each year. Females will build a softballsized nest for each new litter and line it with fur and grasses.

“I do laugh when I come up late at night and one will just be sitting there, motionless, staring at my headlights like ‘I’ll move when I’m good and ready’. They don’t seem afraid until you get out of your car to shoo them away. I do make sure I look under the car before I pull out in the morning for work, though.”

Rabbits prefer brushy cover interspersed with open areas of grasses and herbaceous broad-leaved plants, or forbs. Brushy fence rows, woody stream banks and woodland borders provide excellent protective cover, and nearby forbs provide summer foods. In winter, when food is scarce, rabbits will clip twigs and gnaw the bark of woody plants. Landscaped yards provide excellent rabbit habitat, which accounts for how common cottontails are in suburban and urban areas. Cottontails have small home ranges and spend most of their lives in areas of 1 to 5 acres with good habitat. Some people enjoy seeing rabbits around their lawns, whereas others wish to keep rabbits away to protect crops, gardens or landscaping. Even people who enjoy rabbits may need to control them if they begin causing damage. Rabbits are opportunistic feeders that will eat readily available plants during spring and summer. Before taking measures to prevent or control wildlife damage, identify the animal responsible.

Locals may not have to worry much longer about seeing them out in full force, however, since their breeding season lasts from midFebruary through September.

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September 18, 2014

––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

second SECTION

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AgrAbility program from MU helps farmers after injury LINDA GEIST Writer University of Missouri Extension

BETHEL, Mo –Chris Allen wanted out of the bed. He argued with hospital staff that he needed to go home to harvest crops, feed cattle and cut firewood to heat his farmhouse. The lifelong Shelby County farmer had a brain aneurysm that resulted in a lifethreatening hemorrhagic stroke on his farm in August of 2010. But the thought of crops in the field nagged at him while he was a patient at Barnes Jewish Hospital in St. Louis and Rusk Rehabilitation in Columbia. “I knew I needed to get home and get ready for harvest,” he said. “The truth of the matter is at that time I couldn’t have done anything. Physically and mentally I wasn’t up to it.” Allen’s friends, neighbors and family rallied to harvest his crops that fall and care for his cattle. Allen is now able to farm, in part thanks to support of AgrAbility, a program, through the University of Missouri Extension and the College of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources. AgrAbility provides support and resources for farmers and ranchers with disabilities or chronic health issues. For Allen and many others, farming isn’t just a job. It’s a way of life that scorns help from others and prides itself on independence. Karen Funkenbusch, AgrAbility program director with MU Extension, said Allen’s attitude is not uncommon for injured farmers. When physical obstacles interfere with a farmers’ lifestyle, the effects can be devastating. Allen’s partner, Sherry Nelson, walked the difficult path to recovery with him. She had counseled others with brain injuries when she worked at Fulton State Hospital before working for MU Extension. Nelson never expected to apply those practices in her own home. She now does this as part of her job as an MU Extension human development specialist and the AgrAbility coordinator for Northeast Missouri.

[

ALLEN REPLACES MANUAL HYDRAULIC VALVE Allen replaced the manual hydraulic valve with an electric over hydraulic valve to reduce the physical force needed to operate farm implements. Reducing the shoulder movement diminished arthritic shoulder pain, in turn decreasing fatigue.

and crops, as well as a hearing aid. He also replaced the manual hydraulic valve with an electric over hydraulic valve to reduce the physical force needed to operate farm implements. Reducing the shoulder movement diminished arthritic shoulder pain, in turn decreasing fatigue.

planning so he can be more efficient. Allen said fatigue plagues him physically and mentally. “It’s invisible,” he says. “A lot of people with brain injuries can appear very normal – being without a physical disability. But when you have to reroute your brain processes it is very

“The truth of the matter is at that time I couldn’t have done anything. Physically and mentally I wasn’t up to it.”

Simple tasks became challenges as Allen slowly regained cognitive abilities and physical strength. He just thought he needed to get back to work. But Allen found there were surprising aspects to his brain injury recovery. He realized he couldn’t read a tape measure when he went to measure a broken axle. He also couldn’t tell time and he was disorganized, forgetful and easily fatigued. Sensitivity to pain and the effects of arthritis became more intense. He adjusted by reducing his cattle herd and farming fewer acres. With help from AgrAbility and Vocational Rehabilitation, Allen learned to use assistive devices. Among these were an all-terrain vehicle used to ride fence lines and check cattle

Although he was planning to buy a bigger planter, the brain injury that caused fatigue sealed the deal for his purchase. The bigger planter allowed him to plant more acres before tiring. AgrAbility also suggested that he equip his tractors with ergonomic seats to reduce fatigue and back-up screens to increase visibility for safety. Allen also finds that when his fatigue is reduced, his memory and judgment work better. His short-term memory has improved but not fully returned, so he relies on an iPad as his “portable brain.” He uses the tablet’s recording device to make “to do” notes to himself. He also records conversations, documenting “word of mouth” deals common among farmers to sell cattle and buy supplies. It helps him with

]

fatiguing and that effects how you process information. People don’t see or understand that.” Allen thinks it’s important to help professionals learn how to help farmers continue being self-reliant. He has been the speaker at several state, national and international brain injury conferences recently to try to get that message across. Meanwhile, his crop is planted, cattle are fed and fences are mended. A farmer’s work is never done, he says, and work accomplished is the medicine that heals the best. Contact the Missouri AgrAbility Project at 800-9958503 for more information or go to http://agrability.missouri.edu/.Story source:Karen Funkenbusch

IPAD After suffering a brain aneurysm in 2010, Chris Allen uses an iPad to take photos and make voice recordings to remind himself of tasks that need to be done the next day. He uses the iPad as his “portable brain” to record images and notes to himself as part of the Missouri AgrAbility program to help farmers and ranchers with injuries.

♦ September 18, 2014 –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

farm&ranch ROUNDUP

–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– FALL 2014 EDITION ♦ BIG NICKEL

CHEESE VAT

Photo Credit: Cheryl Franklin A small batch of Gouda cheese being made at Lomah Dairy Farm.

LAND OF MILK AND HONEY JUST DOWN THE ROAD! BY CHERYL FRANKLIN news@miaminewsrecord.com

The ever-growing trend toward local, more natural food has caught the attention of a local dairy family, and they are milking it for all it’s worth. The Johnsons, of rural Wyandotte, who have been selling their raw milk from the Jersey dairy cows to neighbors in the area for years now, have taken their value-added product to new levels the last couple of years. Stan and Donna Johnson and their three children, have become quite the talk around northeast Oklahoma since they started making cheese that they sell fresh from the farm. The venture, which they started a couple of years ago, has proven to be a hit, and they are frequently sold out of some of their more popular cheeses. High fuel prices and high feed prices are making it more and more difficult for family farms to survive. Dairy farms in particular also have to battle the up-and-down uncertainty of milk prices and farm-bill issues, and many have sold out. So making the most of their milk may be a lot of hard work, but it helps to keep the farm going. Donna, who also teaches anatomy at Missouri Southern State University in Joplin, Mo., spent time in Vermont to learn the art of cheese making from some of the country’s best cheese makers. Cheese making day starts early in the morning with the freshest milk available. The milk is then put into a cheese vat where it is heated and cultured. “Some cheese takes longer than others to make,” Donna said. Donna, whose talk resembles that of either a chemist or a gourmet chef, is very knowledgeable about her cheeses. She talks about different kinds of bleu cheese, brie and regional cheeses, along with their cheese cultures, moisture content, and other cheese characteristics. “Bleu cheese is the most difficult to

make by far,” she said. “That’s why it costs so much” While her favorite is Havarti, she has perfected everything from cheddar cheese to Gouda, mozzarella, feta and the bleu cheeses. “We add some herbs to the cheddar curds to add variety,” she said. Some of the curds might include dill or most recently pepper curds. “Cheddar curds are the most popular. We sell a lot of the cheddar curds at the farmers market,” she said. The Johnsons spend the summers at area farmers markets, including Cherry Street Farmers Market in Tulsa and the Farmers Market on the square in downtown Bentonville, Ark. It’s a family affair, as the children go along to the market to help. The Tulsa Farmers Market continued on through the winter last year, every other weekend. On Friday nights the Johnsons are busy loading up their van with gallons of hormone-free, chemical-free milk, cheese and yogurt to sell at the markets. Along with the products, they load their chalkboard sign that promotes their farm, claiming their cows have names and are treated with love and respect. At the Cherry Street Market you will find a long line of customers waiting to get a free sample of cheese and to buy milk. “I usually always sell out there,” Johnson said. The milk at the farmers market is pasteurized, as required by Tulsa milk retail laws, but the milk purchased at the farm is not pasteurized or homogenized, thus creating several inches of cream at the top of the gallon container of milk. “A lot of people make butter out of it,” Stan said. “We are looking into making butter here pretty soon.” They also sell their milk and cheese at some of the local retail stores, including Mr. D’s in Fairland.

In Tulsa and Oklahoma City, Lomah Dairy milk is being raved about on various online whole-food websites. “It’s rich, creamy, bursting with flavor and puts supermarket milk to shame,” said one writer on tulsafood.com They even make yogurt, sometimes adding honey to it for sweetness and flavor, but mostly they sell plain yogurt and bottles of what they call European drinkable yogurt. Stan, who used to travel abroad quite a bit, says drinkable yogurt is popular in a lot of other countries, especially Brazil. “That’s all they had was little bottles of yogurt for breakfast, you didn’t see regular yogurt there,” he said. Plans are being made for Donna to continue some schooling for cheese making and butter making. Their retail store at the farm, which is an honor-system store, will be taking Oklahoma food stamps in the near future, Stan said. “We just have to get it all worked out with the state,” he said. He said they will have to post the

times they will be available to accept the EBT cards,”.

and honey, which Lomah is an acronym, it’s just down the road.

In the meantime, getting fresh local food from the farm is becoming more of a destination demand, and in Ottawa County you don’t have to look very far to find the land of milk

The farm is located at 23800 S 690 Road, Wyandotte, or just north of the old Bradshaw’s store on Tiff City Road.

BIG NICKEL ♦ FALL 2014 EDITION ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

farm&ranch ROUNDUP

–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– September 18, 2014 ♦

Three Convenient Locations To Better Serve You!

farm&ranch ROUNDUP

Private Hatcheries ARKANSAS POND STOCKERS PO Box 357 Harrisburg, AR 72432 1 800 843-4748

Fingerlings for Pond Stocking MARLEY BEEM Assistant Extension Specialist, Natural Resources/Aquaculture

Fish for stocking a fishing pond can either be purchased from a private hatchery or be obtained from the Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation (ODWC) without cost. Regardless of the source, the first step should be to educate yourself about pond management. NREM-9209, “Improved Fishing in Your Pond” discusses many ways to improve fishing besides the stocking of fingerlings. NREM9206, “Common Pond Problems” deals with issues such as correcting muddiness, excess aquatic plant growth, the yellow grub parasite, turtles and other situations that concern pond owners. “Managing Pond Fisheries in Oklahoma” gives information on many pond management topics including trophy bass, catfish only ponds, and hybrid bluegill. A limited supply is available for $3.00 from ODWC Fisheries Division, 1801 N. Lincoln Blvd., PO Box 53465, Oklahoma City, OK, 73152. Before ordering, check for availability at wildlifedepartment.com, Outdoor Store – Publications. Once the supply is exhausted, it will be posted online. Here are some important facts to keep in mind as you make plans for stocking fingerlings into your pond: • Stocking fingerlings on top of an existing fish population is discouraged. Such fingerlings will likely be eaten by existing bass. See NREM-9209, “Improved Fishing in Your Pond,” for information on how to improve an existing fish population. • Observe the fingerlings closely and check for any of the following disease signs. Not all sick fish will show disease signs, so it may be safest to

Catfish, Hybrid Bluegill, Redear, Bluegill, Sunfish, Bass, Crappie, Grass Carp, Fathead Minnow Delivery to set locations in eastern Oklahoma.

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reject all of them if some appear sick. Some signs of illness include:

Rainbow trout

• loss of balance • hanging near the surface

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• bulging eyes

PO Box 85 Fittstown, OK 74842 580 777-2202

• swollen or shrunken stomach • sores or spots or other abnormalities.

Catfish, Grass Carp, Bass, Redear, Bluegill, Koi, Fathead Minnows

• cotton-like growth – white or brownish • There may be undesirable fish mixed into your fingerlings. Take care not to introduce such problem fish into your pond by checking closely for unknown fish. Bass fingerlings will have a single strong stripe along the side (Figure 1). Bluegill fingerlings will have strong vertical bars (Figure 2). Reject if there are unknown fish.

Delivery to set locations throughout Oklahoma.

HARBIN FISH FARM Photo credit: Outdoor Alabama Figure 1. Young largemouth bass can be identified by their single, strong horizontal stripe.

Largemouth Bass, Bluegill, Hybrid Bluegill, Channel Catfish, Crappie, Fathead Minnows, Grass Carp Delivery available or pick-up at farm.

INSLEE FISH FARM

Buying fingerlings from private hatcheries gives pond owners the option of stocking other fish species and getting larger size fingerlings. It pays to visit the hatchery before you buy, to inspect the fish you’ll be buying. Ask about the details of the guarantee – length of time mortalities are covered etc. A list of private hatcheries is given below. The Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation offers free largemouth bass, bluegill, and channel catfish fingerlings produced at state hatcheries in Byron, Durant, Medicine Park, and Holdenville. You must first meet their requirements and accept their conditions: • Pond owner must have current fishing license, • Pond must be totally without fish, • Pond must be at least one half acre, • Game rangers are allowed to check anglers for fishing licenses, • You are not required to let the

2295 N. 383 Rd, Box 151 Wetumka, Oklahoma 74883 Spencer Harbin 405-452-3465 www.harbinfishfarm.com

PO Box 207 Connerville, OK 74836 1 800 222-9505 580 836-7150 Bass, Grass Carp, Bluegill

MOORE’S FISH FARM

Photo credit: Outdoor Alabama Figure 2. Young bluegill have vertical bars..

public fish your pond – unless part of the pond is on public property. Your application to the ODWC is generally required to be in before June if you wish to receive fingerlings that year. Bluegill and channel catfish fingerlings are provided in the fall, followed by largemouth bass fingerlings in the spring. This staggered stocking gives the bluegill time to grow, spawn, and establish a good forage base on which the bass can feed. Contact the Fisheries Division by mail (PO Box 53465, Oklahoma City, OK

73152) or phone (405-521-3721) to receive an application. Complete a separate application for each pond and return it to the address on the application. You will then be sent a letter advising you of the application number(s) and the appropriate time fish will be available. The game warden in your county will arrange an on-site evaluation of the pond(s). When fish are available, you will receive a notification by mail with the date, time, town, and location where the fish can be picked up.

Straight Bluegill, Hybrid Bluegill, Channel Catfish, Northern Largemouth Bass, Grass Carp, Fathead Minnows, and Tilapia

SULPHUR FISH HATCHERY PO Box 409 Sulphur, OK 73086 580 622-5385 580 622-5716 Catfish, Bass, Bluegill

TEXOMA FISH HATCHERY PO Box 506 Whitesboro, TX 76273 903 564-5372 Catfish, Bass, Bluegill

Oklahoma Department of Agriculture, Food and Forestry–Aquatic Culture License Holders

Carthage man continues cattle business at 90 BY REBECCA HAINES rhaines@carthagepress.com

He has lived a farming life.

90 YEARS OF FARMING

25353 S. 4230 Rd. Inola, OK 74036 918-341-4194 www.moorefishfarm.com

Edgar “Junior” Snyder turned 90 on Monday, August 11th. The only sign of his age is the walking cane he carries with him – he still drives, lives alone on his 300 acres and tends to his 75 cattle east of Carthage.

the third born of three brothers and three sisters. He is the only one left in his family.

then a smile came across his face. “Then I got into the cattle business.”

Memories of driving a tractor at age 10, pumping water by hand, and taking baths in a barrel out in the yard are still with him.

Among the countless changes that have happened in 90 years, Junior couldn't help but observe the economy.

“I told my dad 'when I get old enough I'm getting the hell out of here,'” Junior recalled. “He said 'where you going?' I said, 'out on the prairie – the ground's no good but I'm going.'”

“A cow and calf would go for $75, hogs 10 cents to 100 … Today a cow and calf brought $3,000,” he said.

“I didn't think I'd live this long,” he said, “I've had some good times. I got good neighbors – I was just a river rat when I moved out here.”

Junior graduated from eighth grade from Forrest Mill and continued farming when he moved about two miles west of Avilla. He raised hogs in his early years.

Junior was born half a mile east of Forrest Mill in 1924 as

“I made a lot of money and lost a lot of money,” he said,

Adjusting to some life changes aren't easy. Seven and a half years ago, Junior lost his wife, Ruby, to cancer. He had met the girl from Summersville when she was working in Carthage. They had three children, of whom Junior said he was very proud.

farm&ranch ROUNDUP

A DAY IN THE LIFE: FARM/RANCH HAND RIO MICHELLE PARKER Staff Writer

He’s been a carpenter, a mechanic, a baseball player and a lumberjack, but these days, Neosho native Danny Tate works harder than ever as a farm/ranch hand. “You name it and I’ve done it,” he says with a tip of his well worn John Deere trucker’s cap. “Well, around the farm anyway.” Slim and athletic, Tate once entertained lofty dreams of becoming a famous baseball player, a dream crushed by a high school knee injury. His sports career seemingly over before it began, the then 16year-old son of a homemaker and computer programmer soon began picking up odd jobs throughout his neighborhood - from cleaning pools to mowing lawns and even some minor car repair. “I just basically put the word out that I could do anything, that I could learn anything and do it for cheap and the jobs came rolling in.” Eventually, Tate realized he needed a full time job, but wasn’t yet settled on a career. When a friend told him his family was looking for someone to help out around their small farm in exchange for a modest room and a little pay, he found a perfect fit.

“No, there is no way I will get rich doing this, but my day can consist of a million different things, so it’s never boring!” A typical day for Tate begins with feeding and watering the chickens, cows and other animals, soon followed by cleaning up the pens and cages. Often, he has to move the animals from one area of the farm to another or chase down little furry rebels that slip the fence or gates. Next, he tends to any buildings or equipment that may need fixing or sprucing up, like his recent job painting the barn. His prowess with a wrench also helped him get to the bottom of a tractor problem, something that took all day, but reminded him that being a jack of all trades is perfect for his occupation. “There are just so many different things you have to know how to do and if you don’t know how to do them already, you better be a fast learner!” He even had to play veterinarian’s assistant when he realized an orphaned goat was acting extremely listless. Because he is responsible for keeping an eye out for such issues, Tate immediately alerted the farmer, who in turn called in the family’s vet. It ended up being a minor case of dehydration, but one that could have proven fatal if the

attentive Tate hadn’t spotted it. “Working with the animals is great. You develop a bond with them and they trust you so much. I go out of my way to make sure they are okay above all else.” At the end of a long day spent tending to the farm and its inhabitants, however, there is a hearty dinner waiting with the family he works for. Tate says feeling as if he part of the family is one of the best things about what he does, not something he would likely get working somewhere else. “We sit around and say a prayer and break bread together and everyone talks about their day. My family wasn’t really into that, we kind of all lived our own separate lives and rarely ate together, so that is huge to me. They can’t afford to pay me much, but what they lack in money, they make up for in making me feel welcome and at home. You can’t put a price on that.”

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farm&ranch ROUNDUP

MUSHROOMS

Things You Didn't Know About Mushrooms

Margo Kraus, a registered dietitian and consultant for The Mushroom Council, advises: ) 20 calories: Just a handful of mushrooms may be nature's hidden treasure for healthier meals. Mushrooms have essential nutrients that are good for heart health and help boost immunity. With just 20 calories per serving, they have fewer calories than a rice cake.

) Flavor: Mushrooms have umami -- the fifth taste. They add savory flavor when paired with other foods.

) Vitamin D: Mushrooms contain 4 percent of the daily value of vitamin D. No other fresh vegetable or fruit has vitamin D.

) Good for you: Mushrooms' antioxidant capacity is comparable to that of brightly colored vegetables such as tomatoes, zucchini, carrots, red peppers and broccoli.

4 Reprinted from the Miami News-Record

A recent tour of the plant by area businesses heard growing manager Scott Englebrecht say J-M, Inc. will produce 26- 27M pounds of mushrooms this year; 25M pounds whites and 2M pounds browns, and employee approximately 200 people. Affiliated companies bring the total employed to over 600, locally. The original production in 1979 was 2M pounds. Building expansions and changes in technology have allowed J-M Farms, Inc. to grow over 600% from its original size and growing capacity. The compost phase is a 24-day process of the decomposition and conversion of nutrients. This phase will annually use 22,000 tons of wheat straw, 10,000 tons of chicken litter, 2000 tons of cotton seed meal, 1000 tons of gypsum, and 45 tons of urea. During compost, the compost must be cased or it will remain dormant and not produce. The growing phase is a 49-day cycle from spawning to post crop. During this time the spawning (most critical process and the most dangerous time for something to go wrong temps cannot go over 150 degrees or microbes will die)/spawn run, casing/setback, growing (at 1⁄2 inch in size, the mushroom will double in size every 24 hours)/harvesting, and post crop occur. All harvesting is done by hand. Englebrecht said some other producers harvest mushrooms by machine, but those are canned. “We harvest all our mushrooms by hand to give the consumer the quality she expects,” he said. Today, he said, J-M Farms has five separate satellite operations, which are privately owned,

) Hold the burger: Data suggests if men substituted a 4ounce grilled portabella mushroom for a 4-ounce grilled hamburger over the course of a year, and didn't change anything else, they could save more than 18,000 calories and nearly 3,000 grams of fat. That's the equivalent of 5.3 pounds, or 30 sticks of butter.

When J-M Farms was founded in 1979, the farm was producing 2 million pounds of mushrooms a year. Today, J-M Farms produces 24 million pounds of mushrooms annually.

Photo by: Cheryl Franklin/MNR crimini mushroom which is a baby portabella mushroom

in addition to the growing operation at headquarters. The annual production per satellite operation is 4 million pounds of mushrooms. They each have about 45 employees. The business was founded by Virgil Jurgensmeyer, Joe Jurgensmeyer, and Darrell McLain founded J-M Farms, Inc. in the fall of 1979. Virgil and Joe purchased Darrell’s interests in 1982. Engelbrecht told the group on the tour that all the product that is picked is packed and ready to ship each day. Its fleet of 20 trucks deliver its mushrooms to its customers in 10 states. “We strive to have our mushrooms to the end user within 36 hours of being picked,” he said. Engelbrecht stressed to the group that J-M Farms has never had a food safety issue and the administrators and employees work hard to make sure there isn’t any problem. If there is ever a question about a carton of J-M Farms mushrooms, he said with the use of the bar code on each one they can track it back to when it was picked, by whom, and at what farm. He said there are 250 employees at J-M Farms main headquarters and 600 in all its operations. “There is a lot of science and technology used here,” he said, “and quality control is very much stressed.”

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farm&ranch ROUNDUP

Sesame opens up possibilities for non-irrigated land ERIC FRANCIS For the Cooperative Extension Service U of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture

Fast Facts · Sesame starting to take some peanut acreage · Texas company looking to Arkansas to help make up drought shortfall JONESBORO, Ark. -- Sesame, those tiny seeds probably most familiar as a topping for hamburger buns, is catching the attention of some northeast Arkansas farmers, thanks to a push by a Texas company that is looking to help make up for production shortfalls in drought plagued West. Sesaco Corp. of Austin, which claims the only breeding program for sesame in the United States, is contracting with farmers in Arkansas and other states to plant the crop, and approximately 15,000 acres are under cultivation this year. "Traditionally we've been west of Interstate 35 – western Oklahoma, western Texas, up to about Wichita, Kan. – and we thought that was diversity," said Danny Peeper, commercial production manager for Sesaco. "But when you have a drought that covers that entire area, that's not diversified enough." Peeper said Sesaco has been breeding sesame for about 65 years and in 2000 made a breakthrough that helped address the crop's major drawback: Brittle seed pods. "In the old days, if you had a bad storm you'd lose 80 percent of your crop in the first hour," he said. "Now the sesame can sit in the fields three months after it's ripe and you'll lose 5 percent." The ability to harvest with a combine was one of the things that attracted David Hodges, a Jonesboro farmer who has about 475 acres of sesame under cultivation this year. "Like rapeseed and some other crops, it had to be cut in swaths and then you come back and pick up the windrow and harvest later, after it dried," said Hodges. "They [Sesaco] came up with a variety that did not shatter. That kind of makes it more practical to grow it conventionally, harvesting with a combine with a normal-type header." Sesame fits Ark farming style As a crop, sesame has a lot to recommend it to the Natural State's farmers: It doesn't need a lot of water or fertilizer, it has no natural pests in Arkansas, and it can thrive in marginal soil. Plus there's a long planting season, from early May to mid-July. Derek Boling of Paragould was one of the pioneers who planted 140 acres of sesame in 2012, the first year it was cultivated in Arkansas. This year he has 400 acres planted. "I planted it on some ground typically we just plant wheat on; it's so sandy, we don't ever plant anything behind it," said Boling. "We made 800 pounds of sesame per acre. That kind of got me excited about it." This year some of Boling's sesame is under an irrigation pivot and he is hoping to see between 1,200 and 1,500 pounds per acre from that portion. He says other growers are trying irrigation, as well, and the fact that sesame needs much less water than other traditional crops is also attractive. "It requires about an inch of water a week after the third or fourth week," he said. "That's basically nothing compared to other crops we're watering here in the mid South."

Warm reception Branon Thiesse, Craighead County extension agent for the University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, said the crop seems to be well received by local farmers and he's not heard of any significant problems. "I saw one guy who had to replant some – the seed is really small

and it looks like using a drill will be really hard to get the depth right," Thiesse said. "We have a little space out here behind our office and we've got a little sesame out there; I just broadcast it and it's growing. I wanted to see what the plant looks like." Travis Faske, an extension plant pathologist at the Lonoke Ag Center, said the amount of acreage under cultivation for sesame this year took him by surprise. It's concentrated in the northeast corner of the state in counties like Lawrence, Clay, Greene, Randolph, and Craighead, he said, and there's some effort toward establishing a general distribution center or buying point so there's a single place to ship the product out to Sesaco. Meanwhile, his office is trying to answer questions as they come up. "The problem is, there's a limited amount of information about it," he said. "What do I spray? I know we spray Dual, a common preemergent herbicide, but what do we spray later on? What disease issues might we have if we have a wet, early fall?" Because of the late planting window, growers seem to be putting in sesame after all their other crops are in. That might mean some problems in October when it comes time to harvest, if they run into rainy weather, said Faske, but he acknowledged that everyone is still in a learning cycle.

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"I think it's a lot of wait and see," he said. In the coming years, sesame may gain acreage from other crops, including peanuts. Peanut acreage in Arkansas dropped from 18,000 acres last year to 11,000 this year, following a price drop from $750 to $550 per ton. Peanuts also take more effort than sesame. As with other crops, prices will guide the number of acres planted. If sesame prices go up, acres will likely increase, Faske said. There are other factors too. Farmers need to figure out how much the crop will earn them after the expense of growing it and if there is a rainy fall and they wind up with zero yield, acres in the following years will drop. Farmers who got in early with Sesaco were able to contract at around 40 cents per pound, though the price has since dropped to the mid30s. Sesaco's Peeper said half their crop is exported to Japan – Mitsubishi is a majority owner of the company – and the other half is sold in the United States, mostly for confectionary uses like baking. He is optimistic that, with about 40,000 acres total under cultivation in the southeast this year, there could be 50,000 to 100,000 acres of sesame grown in the region by the next couple of years, much of it in Arkansas. "Everything's off to a good start so far," he said. "We have contracted with an acreage contract to pay for what they produce, so the price doesn't change much from year to year. It's a pretty stable market year to year. And in another month, the sesame will be four to five feet tall." The Cooperative Extension Service is part of the University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture and offers its programs to all eligible persons regardless of race, color, national origin, religion, gender, age, disability, marital or veteran status, or any other legally protected status, and is an Affirmative Action/Equal Opportunity Employer.

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It is 4 a.m. and though the sun’s rays have barely squeezed their way through the blackness of the night before, Sophie Miller pulls on one worn cowboy boot, then slowly it’s match. Bleary-eyed, but accustomed to the routine thanks to years of the same schedule, she pulls her long brown hair into a makeshift ponytail and sighs. As her friends still slumber quietly in their cozy beds, she makes her way into the kitchen for a quick breakfast of fresh eggs and sausage and lots of black coffee. It is morning on the farm.

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“I like to kick the rooster in the fanny, just like my dad,” she says proudly, a wide grin spreading across her face.

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Her day has changed little since she first learned the joys and hardships of being in a farming family. It’s a profession they have been in for decades, going back to the days when a great grandfather gave up life as a “wanted man” to start a new one in the dirt. “I don’t know exactly what Pop-Pop did,” she laughs, “but it was illegal enough to get him arrested a few times. He knew all the police officers by name.” The 18-year-old couldn’t be more different from her rowdy ancestor.

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“I am not the only girl I know who finds the smell of manure kind of calming.” Until recently, she was as convinced as her dad that she would be running their acreage some day. But about a year ago, she began to glimpse college brochures as one childhood friend after another seemed to be sweeping the dust of their rural upbringings off their boots headed for an out of state campus. “At first, I felt sorry for them and kind of angry too,” she says in a much more subdued voice. “I didn’t understand how they could turn their backs on their families who would surely struggle in their absence. How do you just one day wake up and think ‘this is just not for me anymore?’ I don’t know, but it happened to me too.”

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Always a disciplined student, most of her career dreams and future aspirations were laid out for her by a hard working, strict, loving father. When she wanted to become a cheerleader, he supported her by spending every extra dime on camps and lessons. When she didn’t make the squad, he held her and told her there was no quicker way to work out negative emotions than hard work. With small, sturdy fingers, she gingerly tended to the family’s garden as therapy and, as usual, found peace amongst the fields. Time after time, she was afforded other interests, but always returned at the end of the day to life on the farm.

The shame soon came creeping in, followed by a fierce determination to turn her head “back around,” to fight even harder to convince herself to stay on the farm. She buckled down, devouring books on agricultural technology to quell that little nagging voice inside her head that kept telling her she wanted something else. Was she a traitor? A turncoat? Maybe if she became involved in food science, she could help come up with a way to increase production and decrease cost to raise the profit margins for millions of farmers. Veterinary science? No, she can’t stand to see an animal suffer. One potential agricultural job after another seemed to drop away with each tick of the clock. And all the while, visions of another life kept haunting her dreams. Dreams of becoming a

doctor, perhaps even overseas, lending those loving, tender hands to those she feels need it most. “I want to go to medical school here and then maybe help out in a third world country where kids are still dying from diseases that many don’t even realize we still have around. I want to do research and travel and make the world a better place. I realize my family does that every day by helping put food on the table of thousands of people in this country, but they can hire someone to do what I do.” Whether it’s those rebellious genes of old Pop-Pop rearing their raucous heads or just wanderlust, she is ready to pack up and strike out on her own. It’s a conversation she is not looking forward to having with the man who has always been there for her. “I love my dad and I always will appreciate what he has done for me, but if he loves me, he will want me to be happy, want his future grandchildren to be happy. I have been to all the ag classes, I know that technically we are told that we can always make a living on the farm, but I have seen my family struggle through so much and I don’t want my kids to go through that. I know it won’t be easy to go, but right now, it seems harder to stay.” For Miami native Troy Stillman, the farm life holds not just promise, but a future for a life he has always dreamed of. The former accounting student and child of college professors is anxious to trade in books on business for tomes on the ways of agriculture. He knows his business and marketing classes will come in handy with his farm’s bottom line, but he is hoping for a more wide open, greener office space. “I want the sun on my face, the wind in my hair, my hands in the dirt every day, all day.” Growing up in a family of intellectuals, Stillman has always been pushed to learn, to grow and to challenge himself. Though not exactly encouraged to go outside and play, the rambunctious, easygoing boy always enjoyed getting a little muddy. “I drove my mom nuts because she was kind of afraid of me catching every little thing that came along and was always wanting me to wash my hands and stay clean,” he explains with a laugh. “But, instead, I was always that kid who seemed to just attract dirt and mud and smells. The harder I played, the later I stayed out rolling around with my friends playing football or whatever, the happier I was.” Earlier this year, Stillman saw a commercial for tractors and a random thought popped into his head: “Why can’t I farm?” Suddenly, visions of a life spent in the outdoors, embracing and conquering Mother Nature, building a life in the soil, began to unveil a new career passion. “I began just devouring everything I could find at the bookstore about the farming culture. I wanted to figure out exactly what area I wanted to go into, what I wanted to grow.” Soon, it was clear that his new interest was more than just curiosity, it was an all out goal. After countless hours on you tube watching farm and ranch documentaries and videos, he knows his next step is getting up close and personal by doing some job shadowing. He already has three scheduled and couldn’t be more enthusiastic. “I have just gotten started by changing my major and telling my family. They are kind of confused, but supportive thank goodness. I know I have made the right decision. Farming is my future. I can feel it in my bones.”

farm&ranch ROUNDUP

Fun Family Activities Tailor-Made for Autumn Fall is a great time to enjoy the great outdoors. Beautiful fall foliage coupled with great weather compel many people to spend ample time outdoors before the arrival of harsh winter weather drives them back indoors. The following are a handful of actvities that are tailor-made for fall. • Raking leaves: While raking leaves might not jump out at you as a great way to spend a nice fall afternoon, families often find raking leaves together soon turns into a fun day in the yard. Build leaf piles and let the kids jump in, and then do it again. When raking, encourage kids to collect some colorful leaves and set them aside. Once the raking is done, you can then enjoy making some homemade crafts with the leaves you and your youngsters just collected. • Apple picking: Perhaps no activity is more synonymous with fall than apple picking. Many apple orchards encourage customers to come by and pick their own apples in the fall. Once your family and you have scoured the orchard for the perfect apples, relax with a cup of warm apple cider before returning home to make some homemade apple sauce and, of course, a delicious apple pie. • Hayride: Hayrides are another fall tradition, and many farms offer relaxing hayrides throughout fall. Younger children who may tire if asked to patrol an apple orchard for apples might find a hayride is more their speed. Some farms may even allow customers to walk the grounds

Pumpkin picking is a great activity come the fall, perfect for all ages.

and visit the animals on the premises. • Hiking: Hiking is a fun activity that can be enjoyed nearly yearround, but it's especially enjoyable in the fall. That's because few things in nature are as captivating as a park or forest when the fall foliage is in full bloom. Early fall also boasts ideal temperatures for hiking, as the mercury likely won't rise enough or sink

low enough to produce the kind of extreme temperatures that can compromise a hiker's afternoon. Instead, fall temperatures tend to be mild and comfortable, allowing hikers to fully enjoy their often beautiful surroundings.

into corn mazes once the temperatures dip, and such mazes can be fun for adults and children alike. Though adolescents can often be trusted to find their way through corn mazes, younger kids should be accompanied by an adult.

• Corn maze: Visiting a corn maze is another activity that many people instantly associate with fall. Some farmers transform their cornfields

• Pumpkin picking: Much like apple picking is best in fall, so is pumpkin picking. Rather than buying your Halloween pumpkin from the

grocery store, where your options may be limited, go straight to the source and pick your future jack-o'lantern from a nearby pumpkin patch, which will provide a much wider selection. Let your youngsters pick their own pumpkins and then spend the rest of the day carving them at home. And don't forget to save those seeds, which can be roasted over an open flame to make a delicious snack. TF139506

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ELECTRIC FENCING FOR SHEEP GERALD FITCH Extension Sheep Specialist

The use of electric fencing for sheep is relatively new in the United States. Several other countries have used electric fencing with great success for several decades now. Electric fencing is more economical than standard barbed wire or hog wire fencing. Electric fencing also allows for temporary fencing to subdivide pastures, which can increase the stocking rate and forage utilization and decrease parasite problems through rotational grazing. Why has electric fencing not caught on in the United States? The main reason is the past failures producers have experienced due to utilizing poor quality fence chargers and not understanding the basics of electric fencing. The basic principles of fence construction, grounding, and current flow must be understood to ensure correct fence design with minimal maintenance and maximum current flow.

Fence Chargers and Grounding The major mistake that is made in electric fencing is the use of poor quality, “cheaper” fence chargers and the improper grounding of the fence. The fence charger is the most important purchase in construction of the electric fence. Electric fence chargers have become much more sophisticated than the older type low powered fence energizers. Electric fence for sheep can be maintained even in remote areas with the new solar powered chargers. Voltage must be maintained at all times if an electric fence is to be effective. The new high voltage energizers produce a very short, .003 second, high-energy pulse. The high-energy pulse charges even a long length of heavily weeded fence with a shock that livestock respect. The short pulse limits the overall energy, so posts are not burned and the wires are safe, though painful to touch. The short pulse also removes the chances of fire when grass contacts the wire. The most important component of

electric fence construction is the proper grounding or earthing of the system. With a poor ground, the electric pulse could not complete its circuit, and the fence would be completely ineffective. Improper grounding is the number one reason for electric fence failure and the main reason for producers in the United States reluctance to use electric fencing. More than 80 percent of the electric fence systems in the U.S. are inadequately grounded. Three or four ground rods, six feel long, should be used for proper grounding. These rods should be placed in parallel approximately six feet apart. Most fences are constructed with only one ground rod (this is adequate only when the ground is extremely wet) and will not be sufficient to ensure proper current flow.

Permanent Electric Fencing Permanent electric fencing with five to eight properly spaced strands is excellent for holding sheep. This fencing can be constructed with high-tensile wire and various types of creosote pressure treated posts or fiberglass posts for about one-half of the material and labor cost of an equivalent woven wire fence. Experience has shown that a seven or eight wire fence that is approximately 48 inches high is ideal for sheep and cattle. This fence will not only keep sheep in, but will also work well for keeping predators out. Spacing will depend on the number of wires used. A good fence design for a seven-wire fence would begin with the bottom wire charged 6 inches above the ground. The next two wires would be spaced at 5 inch intervals and would be a ground wire, followed by a charged wire. The next wire would be a ground wire spaced 6 inches up, followed by a charged wire and a ground wire at 8 inch intervals. The top wire would then be 10 inches up and would be a charged wire. This fence would be 48 inches high and should do a good job of livestock control. The wires used in these fences should be smooth 12 1/2 gauge or 14 gauge wires. If building a perma-

nent fence, the 12 1/2 gauge would be a much better choice. The 12 1/2 gauge wire is much stronger and will carry the necessary voltage better than the lighter 14 gauge wire. In any case, when this fence is built from smooth wires it is important to put a “wire strainer” on each wire to take up the slack and keep the wires tight. The principal idea of the wire is to give an electrical shock to the livestock, and the actual strength of the wire does not prevent animals from going through. Consequently, all that is needed is to space the wires properly and keep them tight. This makes it possible on level ground to put fence posts 40 to 50 feet apart. By doing this and using high-tensile smooth wire, it is possible to build a fence for much less than the cost of a woven wire fence, and the fence is a much better deterrent to the movement of dogs and coyotes than a woven wire fence.

Temporary Electric Fencing Recent interest in pasture management involving intensive or controlled grazing systems has created a need for semi—permanent or temporary sub-division fence systems. These allow forage growth, quick grazing, internal parasite reduction, and regrowth of forage for future grazing. There are many different types of temporary fencing, which includes lightweight, high-tensile smooth wire, polywire, polytape, or flexible netting. The lightweight, high-tensile wire would be best utilized when the fence is semi-permanent, such as around a wheat field for the winter and spring. This wire is not well utilized when constant moving is necessary. The polywire and polytape is best utilized in a rotational or controlled grazing environment when the fence must be moved more often. A two or three wire temporary fence around a wheat pasture or for controlled grazing in any kind of pasture will normally be sufficient. Most producers using temporary fencing feel that all wires should be charged and no ground wires are necessary. If a two wire system is used the bottom wire should be 10 to 12 inches

above the ground with the second wire 10 to 12 inches above the bottom wire. If a three wire system is used, the three wires spaced at 10 inch intervals works very well. The new polywire or polytape system has made temporary fencing for controlled and intensive grazing a very feasible alternative. With the use of portable reels and quick setup features, the temporary fences can be moved quickly and are also very efficient in keeping livestock in.

Rejuvenating Existing Fences Old fences, which have deteriorated to the extent that they need complete replacement, can be rejuvenated to last for many more years by attaching offset brackets and an electrified wire on one or both sides of the old fence. All single offset wires should be attached at two thirds the height of the animals to be controlled. The old fence can be used as the “ground” wire and will work well to complete the circuit necessary for good sheep control. Charging barbed wire is not a good practice for two reasons: 1) livestock caught in charged barbed wire can literally be shocked to death; 2) barbed wire is not as conductive as the smooth-high-tensile wire and will not carry an adequate current for sheep.

TRAINING SHEEP TO ELECTRIC FENCES It is necessary that sheep become adjusted to and learn to respect electric fences. All animals need time and space to quietly discover that electrified fences are “hot.” If they can be first exposed shortly after they are shorn, they will have less wool for insulation. Sheep should be turned into an area that is controlled by electric fence and allowed to dis-

cover the fence in their own time. Sheep that are crowded near electric fences frequently get spooked through the fence. Rambouillet ewes brought off the range of southwest Texas are easily spooked and will require more time to get adjusted to the electric fencing. The minimum time required is 12 hours and most animals will be fully trained in 48 hours. It is also true that a multi-wire fence will teach sheep to respect electric fencing much quicker than a one or two wire fence. The high levels of forage production in Oklahoma make sheep production a very viable enterprise. Problems associated with sheep production in Oklahoma include predation and internal parasite problems. With the correct use of electric fencing those problems can be kept to a minimum. Electric fencing is another alternative, which may prove a valuable asset to your operation. For more information on electric fencing, contact the local county Extension office or the state sheep specialists.

farm&ranch ROUNDUP

RIO MICHELLE PARKER Staff Writer

It was a lifetime passion that started with a wish that will sound familiar to just about every parent alive…”I want a pony.” While most moms and dads laugh off such frivolity as random adolescent dreaming, a 10year-old Jordan Trahin managed to get the next best thing - riding lessons - and never looked back. “I have always wanted to work with horses, even when I was little. Mom thought it was a phase, but for my tenth birthday, she got me started with lessons and I immediately loved it.” Undaunted by her 5’ 4”, 125 pound frame being grossly overpowered by horses that can weigh up to 1200 pounds, the Webb City resident embraces both the discipline of English style riding and the unpredictability of helping “break” one of Mother Nature’s most noble beasts. The dance of horse and rider isn’t necessarily a natural, symbiotic relationship, however. It takes patience on the part of both human and animal and the steady and skilled hand of a dedicated, gentle rider. “Horses aren't born understanding that people are friends, especially when you're getting

farm&ranch ROUNDUP

REAL LIFE HORSE WHISPERER

on their back which is where a predator would strike.”

“You start out gaining the horses trust and through repetition, you get them used to moving forward from voice commands. Once they understand walk, trot, canter and whoa (that's the biggest one), then you can add a saddle and ask for a walk and a trot and a canter, things the horse feels confident doing.” Slow and steady, as usual, is the only way to go. With every wrung built on the trust ladder, each gets to know the other a little better and trust a little more. “Once they're comfortable under saddle moving, that's when you add changing directions with long lines. And once they understand that, you add the rider, and ask the horse basic commands. It's all about confidence and comfort for the horse. When they're doing well, we let them know and make sure they're happy.” Trahin took lessons for eleven years and all the while, steadily gained a reputation for working with problem horses at the barn where she trained.

ones pretty well, and my own horse has come a very long way from when I first got her, so I started finding small problem horses to fix for clients and managed to make a small business out of it, but when I got a full time job it was really hard to keep up with it and I let it slack for a while.”

As her reputation grew, Trahin found herself with literally more business than she could handle while working a regular full time job (she actually works two currently, often logging over 65 hours per week). Because of her grueling work schedule, she sneaks in breaking sessions whenever possible, frequently working with trainers like Vicki Sherraden of Neosho‘s Ice Pond Farm (pictured with Trahin), to help with horses like 6 year old Lippizan Amira. But, she is quick to point out, she is no cowgirl. If you have visions of her wrestling bucking broncos, the real story is much more…well…civilized. “I ride English, in events called dressage and jumping,” she notes.

“Whenever there was a problem horse at the barn, one who maybe bucked his rider off or wouldn't go over a fence, my instructor would put me on. I love the challenge!“

“Dressage is basically a test of how supple and attentive your horse is to you. The goal is to be able to do the most complicated moves at the touch of your leg or the slightest move of your hand.”

“I've always been able to sit out the crazy

Not that she doesn’t face her fair share of

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When a naysayer said she was a “rider, not a trainer,” the feisty redhead simply remembered all the horses she has turned around. “I worked with an ex barrel racer who didn't understand how to walk under saddle. It took months, but I'm happy to report that she is walking calmly and both rider and horse are much calmer and happier.” It’s a delicate tango, but one she happily repeats with each new horse needing help. “I met Vicki a year or so ago through one of my best friends. Now that same friend is purchasing a horse and was too scared to break it in herself, so I volunteered. Vicki saw potential I guess, asked if I'd be willing to keep coming out and I said sure. Since then, I've started Emmy and Marco, two horses she needed broken. It's a very long process, but it is addictive. I just love it.” As for her mom, who had a few bad experiences herself growing up around horses, Trahin knows she worries, but ultimately, puts her faith in her daughter’s training and character. “She’s amazing. She just closes her eyes and tries to be calm.”

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danger in the saddle. She’s fallen off three times, but is quick to point out that “none of them were bad and two were my fault.”

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farm&ranch ROUNDUP

AFRICANIZED HONEY BEES AND YOUR PETS AND LIVESTOCK JOHN D. HOPKINS Associate Professor and Extension Entomologist Urban

KELLY M. LOFTIN Associate Professor and Extension Entomologist Livestock

GLENN E. STUDEBAKER Associate Professor and Extension Entomologist

MARK STOLL Apiary Section Manager

Africanized honey bees (the socalled “killer bees”) arrived in Arkansas in 2005. Some colonies of Africanized honey bees defend their nests with more vigor and in greater numbers than the common European honey bee. When bees defend their colonies, they target furry and darktake colored objects that resemble their natural enemies: bears and skunks. Therefore, your pets are likely to be stung when bees are disturbed. Animals that are penned or tied up near honey bees are in special peril.

in overturned flower pots. Sometimes honey bees may nest in the open in trees or shrubs. Look for active bees, and listen for a buzzing or humming sound in the ground, in trees and shrubs or in block walls. If you find a colony of bees, consult your local Cooperative Extension Office or the Arkansas State Plant Board (5012251598) directly for instructions.

• Do look regularly for bee colonies around your property. Honey bees nest in a wide variety of locations. They may nest in such diverse sites as animal burrows in the ground, water meter boxes or

• Do stay alert when horseback riding through brush or under low hanging branches where bees might nest.

• Do not pen, tie or tether animals near known bee hives or nests. Keep animals away from apiaries and bee nests. Bees may seem docile at first, but don’t take chances.

If possible, douse the animal with a shower of soapy water which will kill any bees clinging to it. A mild solution of liquid dish detergent in water (approximately 1/2 cup soap per gallon of water) will immobilize honey bees and kill them within 60 seconds. Covering the animal with a heavy blanket during a serious stinging incident may also discourage the bees. Once the animal is away from bees, look for stingers. When a honey bee stings, it loses its venom sac and stinger. The honey bee dies after it stings, but the stinger may continue to inject venom for up to a minute or until the stinger is removed. If you can see stingers on the animal, remove them by scraping them out with a credit card, knife or fingernail. Do not pull them out with tweezers or fingers because you will squeeze more venom into the animal.

What to Do if Your Animal Is Involved in a Serious Stinging Accident • Do not disturb or tease bees EVER, and do not try to remove bees yourself. Do not shoot at, throw rocks at or pour gasoline on bee nests. This will only arouse the bees. Also, do not attempt to control them with aerosol pesticides.

Do’s and Don’ts

tently strikes a bee nest. • Do keep dogs under control when hiking. A dog bounding through the brush is more likely to disturb bees than one following quietly at your heels.

• Do keep pets and children indoors when using weed eaters, hedge clippers, tractors, powermowers, chain saws, etc. Honey bees are sensitive to odors, such as the smell of cut grass, and to loud vibrations. Attacks frequently occur when a person is mowing the lawn or pruning shrubs and trees and inadver-

Try to get the animal away from the bees WITHOUT ENDANGERING YOURSELF. Call your dog inside your house or car, or release the animal IF IT WILL NOT HARM THE ANIMAL OR OTHERS NEARBY. Do not attempt to approach a person or an animal being stung without some sort of protection (such as a beekeeper’s suit) because the bees are likely to attack you as well. If you approach an animal that is being stung, remember that an injured animal may bite or attack unexpectedly. If you release penned livestock, be aware that an unrestrained animal may run into the road and be hit by a car or may run away. And if the animal runs to you with aroused bees following it, you are likely to be stung too.

If an animal has sustained numerous stings, you may want to consult your veterinarian. The number of stings an animal can survive depends on its body weight, the amount of venom it received and whether or not it is allergic to bee venom. As with humans, even one sting may be dangerous if the animal is allergic.

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farm&ranch ROUNDUP

Petting zoos enhance kids' parties Children's birthday parties have evolved into elaborate events. Parents have plenty of play spaces and party locations from which to choose. But parents looking to have an enjoyable and unique time at home in the backyard may want to consider throwing a petting zoo party for their youngsters. A petting zoo party brings the magic of animals to your home. Kids tend to be in awe of animals of all different shapes and sizes, and a birthday party that showcases different creatures can be both fun and educational. Many petting zoos feature common farm animals that have been socialized and have grown accustomed to being around young, boisterous children. These may be animals that were raised on a farm or spent most of their time living at nearby petting zoos. Petting zoo party packages may include ducks, chickens, goats, rabbits, and pigs. Depending on the package, some petting zoo companies will bring larger animals, such as llamas and ponies. Many petting zoo parties will have the animals present for around an hour. This is usually enough time for kids to have fun and a short enough time to ensure animals do not become aggravated. Petting zoo parties are good for children of all ages, and they may even make an entertaining addition to parties catering primarily to adults. When throwing a petting zoo party for a youngster, it is

important that the child and his or her friends truly love animals. This can make the party that much more fun. Many different companies provide traveling petting zoos. Reputable organizations will have a license indicating that the animals have passed inspection and are properly cared for. The company should also carry full liability insurance in the event of an accident. Adults should be present to supervise and instruct children about the animals.

Smith’s Cycle Center, Inc. 301 E. 4th St., Pittsburg, KS 68762 620-231-4450

Adults also must ensure that the kids wash up after petting all of the zoo animals. Come time for dessert, serve a zoo-themed cake to add a little pizzazz to the party. When hiring a petting

zoo, check with the company to find out if they bring along any extra items, such as bandanas, hay bales, horseshoes, and other costume or party favors. If not, look for such favors in local party stores.

FARM EQUIPMENT

Round Up Index Cattle....................................................Page 31 Down The Trail ....................................Page 31 Farm Equip...........................................Page 30 Farm Misc.............................................Page 30 Horses & Mules ....................................Page 31 Misc. Livestock ....................................Page 31 Pasture, Feed & Seed..........................Page 31 Sheep & Goats......................................Page 31 Trailers & Tack .....................................Page 31 Please look for other “B” Section classified ads on the index in “A” Section this week.

FARM EQUIPMENT TO-35 TRACTOR, new front tires, new battery, runs good, $2500 or best offer. 417-658-5103. LINCOLN WELDER, trailer mounted, tandem axles, with 75’ leads, arc 250. Very good condition. $4500. 870480-9745. MAHINDRA TRACTOR 4110, 2004, 4WD, with loader, $8500. 479-3721888. BE AN EARLY BIRD! Place your ads before Monday and beat the rush!

I BUY Tractors, Industrial Equipment, Farm Equipment and Complete Estates. Ron Duncan 417-762-5054. BELTS, BALERS, swathers, pickups and others. Factory direct. Overnight delivery. Save dollars. YOUNGBERG’S, Verona, MO. 417-498-6511. SPRING RIVER TRACTOR AND COMBINE SALVAGE. We buy salvage, Lynn Youngberg, Verona, Mo., 417-235-2233. WE BUY and sell Ford 8N, 9N, Jubilee, 600, 800, and 900 parts. DLJ MACHINERY 417723-5275. Crane, Mo.

BATTERY OUTFITTERS, paying top $ for junk auto batteries. Call for current price per pound. Rogers, AR. 479-631-2346 Joplin, MO 417-624-2421 Golden, MO 417-271-3801 Springfield, MO 417-889-5245 2640 JOHN Deere tractor with loader, in excellent shape. 417850-1726. NEW HOLLAND 489 haybine, good condition, used this season, $1500. 417-548-7477. 1968 CHEVY C50 dump bed truck, 93,298 miles, rebuilit 327 gas engine, 4 speed, spring suspension, 12’ wood bed, (6) new 8.25-20 tires; 1979 Gleaner K-2 combine, 13’ head, air conditioned. Call for more information. 620-674-8594. MILLER IMPLEMENT CO. Used tractors, new and used farm implements: Koyker loaders, BigBee cutters. Call for all your after market tractor parts. 16 miles north of Joplin on 43 Hwy, 2 miles west. 417-642-5463. KUBOTA TRACTOR M120, 2000 hours, 4 remotes, loader, buckets, air/ heat, excellent condition, $37,000; 15’ Bush whacker, used very little, new condition, $7000. 870-480-9745. 870-480-9753. 2007 JOHN Deere Gator, 250 hours, 620iXUV, 4x4, hydraulic dump bed, windshield and roof. 417-359-6320. 12’ HEAVY duty pull type box blade. Very good. $1500. 417439-6571.

80 to 100 cow capacity Features 7-bar panels and gates Sort with ease with a single pen on either side of the loadout alley! Unique front compartment hauls an ATV, livestock or supplies. Gooseneck hitch allows for pulling at posted highway speeds.

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FARM EQUIPMENT

DOUBLE B TRUCK and TRACTOR 417-358-5350 Hwy 59, Diamond, MO. Used Tractors: Ferguson 35, $2500; 9N Ford, $1250; 3000 Ford, $3450; MF 20, 42HP, $4950. DK35 Kioti, w/loader, $7950. USED EQUIPMENT: 5’, 6’, 8’, brush hogs; hay equipment: JD 466 net, $9850; NH 630, 4x4, $5495; Khone and M&W balers; 8 wheel Rakes; BT601 Kubota backhoe att; 5’ and 6’ finish mowers; Husqvarna 54” lawn mower.

BUSH HOG rotary tiller, 80N, heavy duty gear driven, good condition, asking $1700; Herd seeder, 3 pt., 3 bushel, new, asking $300; Accuride steel wheels, 12.25x22.5 10 lug, hub pilot, rim fits 385/65/225 tire, $100 each, or all (4) $350 firm. 417-476-5977.

L2 GLEANER combine, 4x4, 20’ flexhead, $8000. 417-2140022.

ANTIQUE TRACTORS: 1937 Farmall F-12, $2000; 1951 Oliver 77, 6 cylinder, 6 speed, $2500. 417-848-8754.

DRYFORK DIESEL and AUTO Powerstroke Duramax and Cummins repair. Quality work. Call 417-793-2439. Carthage, Mo.

10’ 6” Kuhn disc mower, with caddy, excellent condition, $7800. 918-848-0037. PRESSURE WASHER, trailer mounted, diesel powered, 400 gallon water tank, 3000 psi. Ideal for washing poultry houses. New condition. $5000. 870-480-9745 . HENDERSON FARMS VINITA, OK We do every kind of industrial work you may need: •Tree removal •Fence row cleaning •Rock hauling •Excavation •Pond building and cleaning •Demolition •Dozer •Backhoe •Trenching •Hauling •Trucking Check our website for pictures. www.henderson-farms.com

918-256-8155

BUYING STANDING TIMBER. Free appraisal, responsible harvest. Family owned business for 5 generations. Prater Hardwood Products, Inc. Located 3 miles SW of Seneca, MO. 918-919-9764 or 417-438-3333.

MECHANIC WILL DO FARM EQUIPMENT overhauls, transmissions, hydraulics, electrical and welding. 417-5487642.

PAYING CASH for Walnut trees. Paying up to $1000 a tree (depending on size). If they are by a house or power lines, professional climber will top and drop. Landowners paid in full before logs leave property. Will pile tops. Ton’s of references. Free bids. I’ll buy one or a hundred! Give me a call 417-772-2804.

WWW.BIGNICKEL.COM

DOZER/ SKIDSTEER/ BACKHOE for hire. Ponds, yards, driveways, lot/land clearing, septic systems, etc. Reasonable rates. Josh St. Clair. 417-825-2343. 435 JOHN Deere round baler, $5000; Vermeer 9’ disc mower, $5000; New Holland 315 square baler, $2500; 300 gallon upright gas tank, $200; 1000 gallon fuel tank, with electric pump, $1000. Please call 417-825-1647. Miami, OK. SEVERAL NEW and used brush hogs, various sizes; 3 pt. garden tillers, 48”-54”-62”-70” and 85”. All kinds of other farm equipment: Tractors, mowers, balers, rakes, plows, discs, drills, gravity wagons, auger wagons, post augers, and drivers. C. Velten and Sons, Pierce City, Mo. 417-476-2570, cell 417-235-9638. 2014 GREAT Plains no-till drill, 7’, used one season 300 acres, shedded rest of time. Asking $23,000. Call 417-8466360 or 417-489-1778.

FARM MISCELLANEOUS 2009 STARLITE dump trailer for sale. Trailer is 20’ long with 4’ sides. Has electric over hydraulic dump with dual tandem axles (20,000 lbs.) Asking price is $10,500. Call or text 620-724-0209.

FARM MISCELLANEOUS FENCE BUILDING pipe, barbed wire, field fence, corrals, etc. 417-388-7163.

CHECK US OUT ON THE WEB!

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FARM MISCELLANEOUS GALVANIZED DOME 4x10 portable shed, $250; Galvanized 16’ hog shed, portable, $650. 417-4615800. roxyb59@yahoo.com

LIVESTOCK CATTLE

CATTLE

2 YEAR old Charolais bulls. 417-850-5470.

(15) SIM/ANGUS bulls, 2 years old. 417-850-5470.

BOBCAT, BACKHOE, DOZER. Excavating work. Demolition of houses and buildings. Land clearing/ tree removal. Concrete work, removal, clean up. Dirt and rock work, brush clean up. Septic tanks, water lines, and storm shelters installed. 417-4372698.

POLLED FULLBLOOD Limousin bulls and bred heifers. Top genetics and easy calvers. Bulls semen tested. 479-3660541. ollarfarms.com

ANGUS BULLS, We are now taking deposits for our fall yearlings, to be delivered in late September. Outstanding group to choose from. XL ANGUS, SENECA, MO. 417-437-9193.

LIVESTOCK HAULING available. Will haul anywhere. Rates vary. Trailer is 24’x6’8”. Over 10 years experience. 417388-0686.

(4) BLACK Baldy Bulls, out of registered parents. Ready to breed, $1950 each. 620-2403664. PUREBRED HEREFORD Bulls. Gentle. Semen tested. Pictures available. J&J Farms. Call or text 417-850-8829. (22) BLACK cows, 4-5 years old, heavy springers; (14) black cows with calves by side. 417850-1726. REGISTERED BLACK Limousin and Lim/Flex bulls, sired by the best AI bloodlines available. They are DNA tested, thick, very gentle and loaded with muscle, low birthweight, semen tested, guaranteed and should work well on heifers. Complete performance records available. If you’re looking for a great bull to sire great calves, look no further. 417-438-0170. REGISTERED LIMOUSIN bulls: 12-36 months, reds, blacks, mostly polled, gentle, fertility checked, guaranteed breeders. Several bloodlines. Several heifers, show prospects. Free area delivery. CRYSTAL SPRINGS LIMOUSIN. 417-451-5984, or 417-540-0277. Registered Red Angus Bulls. DIAMANTE RED ANGUS RANCH DIAMOND MO. Herdsman Jarrod Todd 417846-3248, 417-325-6292. BLACK BULLS: Yearling SimXangus and Simmental for Fall breeding. Polled, guaranteed, $2500. PARMLEY, Wyandotte 918-964-1582.

B/F CATTLE CO

BULL SALE (50+) Gelbvieh and Balancer bulls, 20 months old. Selling November 1st. 15 miles east of Butler, MO. Bulls are born and developed on fescue. Bulls will all be semen tested and tested for Trich, BVD, and PI. Our development practices, plus genetics make some of the most athletic and fertile bulls you can find in fescue country. Call or text BRETT FOSTER. 660-4922808. ANGUS BULLS, registered, performance and semen tested, 18-22 months old. Gentle, calving ease bulls with quality bloodlines. YERINGTON ANGUS RANCH. 417-850-1459. LIMOUSIN BULLS, reds and blacks, large selection, bred and open Limousin heifers. Double J Ranch, 417-8423353, Ron 417-214-0279, Will 417-350-9810. POWDER RIVER squeeze chute. 417-642-5507. COMING 2 year registered HORNED HEREFORD Bulls. Top quality. 417- 537-0050.

DOWN THE TRAIL HORSE SHOW, September 27-28, Lucky J Arena, Carthage. ABRA, AQHA, PtHA, SB PtHA, and all breed classes. Youth classes are FREE on Sunday for same youth classes entered on Saturday. Ride all day. $50 for first breed, $30 for additional breed. Fun, relaxed, family atmosphere! Information at: www.heartofamerica buckskin.com or 620-704-0160.

REGISTERED BLACK Simmental with a blazed face for lease. 417-793-2114.

REGISTERED 2 year old yearlings and weanlings. Every one is cow bred. Had a nice bunch of foals this year, out of daughters of Lil’ Peppy CD, CD Olena, Smooth as a Cat, and Caster. Sired by Caster’sliljewel, Surely A Pepto, and Pala Dura Cat. Lots of shape, good dispostition, and guaranteed to cow! Call 417-448-7565. (2) GENTLE 8 year old mares, $600 for the pair. John Haid 479-841-8190. 2 BROKE Belgium mares with harness. 9 and 13 years old. They have pulled mowing machines, rakes, manure spreader, and wagons. $1100 each. Will not seperate. 417658-8040 no Sunday calls. ARENA: COMBO ROPING (40) 20’ panels, (6) 15’ panels, (6) 10’ panels, (2) 5’ panels, (2) 2’ panels, (2) 10’ bow gates, (1) 8’ bow gate, (2) 5’ bow gates, (1) 8’ gate, (1) 15’ gate, (1) 10’ gate, (4) stops, (1) 15’ rope shoot, (1) steer strip chute. $6500. 417839-2814. FOR SALE: 17 year old Appaloosa stud and 8 year old Appaloosa gelding. Need to sell, call for more information and make offer. 620-224-8409. VERY GENTLE, very broke, mare, kids horse. 417-8379381. HUGE SADDLE, TACK, LEATHER, AND EQUIPMENT AUCTION! October 1st, 9:30am. Located at Miami, OK Fairgrounds Expo Center at 111 North Main St. 74355. Call James Cox for more information, or to consign any of the above. Items consigned include: From saddle, belt, chap, and exotics leathers; Saddles and broad range of tack; Machinery, hardware. Call for updated list of consigned items, or see website. Terms of sale are cash, or check guaranteed with a credit card. We use check verify on the spot, and also take full ID, including fingerprint for all bidders. Working on getting food on site...bring a lawn chair. COX AUCTIONEERS are licensed and bonded in favour of the Great States of OH, IN, KY, PA, TN, and authorized to do auctions in MO, OK, and much more. Call us for all your auctions needs or to consign at this great sale at 513-889-0500. Visit our company web sites at www.auctionzip.com ID# 8433 or for leather and tack at www.moserleatherco.com BUYING HORSES All kinds. Get a fair price for your horse. Save commission expenses. Delinda Volskay 417-437-6154

MISC. LIVESTOCK ANATOLIAN SHEPHERD PUPS FOR SALE! The best dog for guarding your yard, farm and livestock from predators. Excellent family dogs! They are loyal, smart, and so loving, $300. 417291-6078. patriciastarr1@gmail.com

(50) HEAD of open Angus cross replacement heifers, weighing about 650 lbs., should be ready to breed by Dec. 1st, $1600 each per head. Can see pictures at ogdencattle.com 417-366-0363.

(54) BLACK Angus heifers, due to calve, pure black Angus but not registered. These heifers were home raised on a fescue based pasture system. And bunk fed last winter. All were preq checked by ultrasound in Spring and are due to calve in Oct/ Nov. Natural bred to registered Angus bulls. Asking $3300 per head. Sell all together. 417846-6360 or 417-489-1778.

HORSES, MULES & TACK

WWW.BIGNICKEL.COM

(3) COMING 2 year old polled Charolais bulls. Good disposition, easy calvers. Jim Buzzard 918-782-9866.

(40) HEAD of Angus and Angus plus bred cows, 3-7 years old, 2nd and 3rd period, $2450. ogdencattle.com 417-366-0363.

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BULL BUCK-OUT Buckle series, starting October 4th, 7pm, through the end of March. Held every other Saturday. Muttin Bustin, Calves, Steers/ Pee-wee bulls, Junior Bulls, Open Bulls. Call-ins are Monday prior to event. 7-10pm. 3 miles west on Hwy V, Diamond, MO. 417-3257465.

HORSES, MULES & TACK 4-STATE DRAFT HORSE and MULE SALE, Oct. 17th and 18th, Flying Cow Arena, Afton, Oklahoma. 918-542-6801.

POULTRY SWAP and Flea Market. Saturday and Sunday, Sept. 20th and 21st. 3 miles south of Buffalo Ranch on Hwy. 59, Afton, OK. Visitors welcome. Overnight camping. 918-2574651, 918-257-3436.

PASTURE, FEED & SEED

WANTED: PASTURE to Lease for Grazing, (25-1000) acres. Willing to pay $50-$70 per acre. Contact Shawn 417-669-8713.

PASTURE, FEED & SEED QUALITY HORSE hay and cow hay, 3x4x8 and small squares Bermuda Vaughns #1 Hybrid. Tested very clean, heavily fertilized. MOREY HAY AND CATTLE, QUAPAW, OK. CALL 918-5330803 OR 918-325-0945. BERMUDA/ FESCUE mixed and fescue bales, 5x6, net wrapped. 417-6425507. (100) BIG bales mixed grass, sprayed and fertilized, $25 bale. 28 miles southeast Neosho. 417-435-2304.

ATTENTION DAIRYMEN and cattlemen. For more milk and more weight gain, feed the best.Corn silage for sale. 417-652-7364 417-235-9712 TRITICALE SEED, cleaned and tested, $17 for 50 lb. bag. 417437-9849. 4X5 GRASS hay, $25 a bale, Fairland area. 918-848-0333.

VANDORN SPREADING for all your lime and litter needs. Serving the 4 State area. Marcus VanDorn 417825-4230, 417-389-1293.

LIQUID CALCIUM More effective and less expensive than AG LIME. Adjust PH without the wait! Flows easily through standard spray equipment. Order in: Drum, tote or bulk. Call 620-778-8582. WWW.BIGNICKEL.COM

PASTURE, FEED & SEED

KOBE/ LESPEDEZA seed $1.20 a hundred. 918-5417388.

BRADFORD SPREADING. FOUR STATE AREA LIME AND LITTER SPREADING. TIM AND BRAD BRADFORD 417439-2203.

SQUARE BALES grass hay, $2.50 per bale. 417-658-8040 no Sunday calls. WANTED: CUSTOM SILEAGE chopping. Have (2) sileage choppers, (2) pack tractors and supporting trucks. 417-236-3690. PASTURE SEED: Fescue and orchard grass mix. $50 per hundred. 918-5417388. CHICKEN LITTER SPREADING Licensed, GPS guided. Litter sales and purchase. Full clean-outs, windrowing. Quality timely experienced service. Mitchell 479-228-1619. (400) BALES of 5x6 hay. Prairie, Bermuda, and Fescue mixed. Some with Lespedeza. Some pure Bermuda. $35/ bale. 918-675-4575. (50) BIG round bales mixed grass, 5x5 net wrapped, baled early June, in barn, $40. 417-529-3398. NET WRAPPED HAY. This years and last years, $15-$35. Delivery available. 417-8452150 or 417-669-7554.

Quality feed at Affordable Prices. Corn syrup, $55 a ton 16% mixed feed, $220 a ton Corn gluten pellets, $220 a ton ground corn $200 a ton peanut mixed feed, $180 ton 16% mixed feed in 50lb sacks $6. Bulk loads available call for pricing. Located 4 miles west of Stotts City on Farm Road 2120. Contact: Lance 417-316-0574. Prices subject to change without notice. Call to inquire. Ask about delivery in bulk or super sacks.

ORCHARD GRASS, Alfalfa, small square bales, $5/bale; 4x5-1/2 Alfalfa round bales, $75; oats, hay 4’x5-1/2 round bales, $45/bale; fescue hay 4’x5-1/2, $30/bale. 417-4379849. CEREAL RYE, cleaned and tested, .30¢ per lb. bag, bulk .29¢; Seed/pasture Barley, cleaned and tested, .21¢ per lb. bag., bulk .20¢; Seed wheat, cleaned and tested, .18¢ per lb. bag, bulk .17¢. 417-235-8547.

TRAILERS KING 6 bale in-line hay trailer, bumper hitch, good 10 ply tires, tandom axle, hauled less than 1,000 bales, great condition. 620-423-1771. 1984 WW stock trailer, 12’, bumper hitch, good condition, $1600 or best offer. 417-4371452. 22’ ENCLOSED TRAILER/ car hauler, 2003, 7000lb. GVW, interior lights, ramp rear door, great shape, $4500. 417-4344870. 2003 EXISS aluminum 3 horse trailer. Small living quarters with wrap around couch with storage below. Also makes into a second bed or table. Clothes closet. Extra storage in nose. Wood panel walls. Hardwood floors. Heat/air unit works great. Drop down windows with bars on head and tail. Back tack. New tires. Excellent condition. Pulls great. Asking $16,500. 918-5415719. 14’ STOCK/ horse trailer, new paint, 2 year old 2” CCA floor, $1200. 417-830-0674.

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