ENERTIA - HYDRO RATNA - YOGENDRA PRASAD - A TRIBUTE by ENERTIA

Vol. 14 | HYDRO RATNA – YOGENDRA PRASAD – A TRIBUTE

ISSUE PARTNER

INTERNATIONAL PATRON LIFE MEMBER

LIFE MEMBER

ISSUE CO-PARTNER

LATE SHRI

HYDRO RATNA Shri Yogendra Prasad - “Father of Modern Hydropower Growth of INDIA” – A Tribute to the ICONIC Hydro Legend of INDIA

PUBLISHER’S NOTE HYDRO RATNA Shri Yogendra Prasad - “Father of Modern Hydropower Growth of INDIA” – A Tribute to the ICONIC Hydro Legend of INDIA

INDIA lost its Best Champion of the Hydropower cause on the fateful day of 22nd April 2021 when YOGENDRA PRASAD, former Chairman & Managing Director, NHPC ; Ex-Chairman, NHDC (National Hydro Development Corporation) and Former Chairman & Managing Director, SJVN, breathed his last and bid adieu to this Nation and the Planet for the heavenly journey of his Noble Soul. He was 77 Years of Age. He was born on 6th April 1945. His native place being Motihari, East Champaran in BIHAR and he had deep connection with Champaran. He did his Electrical Engineering from MIT (Muzaffarpur Institute of Technology), Muzaffarpur, BIHAR. Before joining NHPC, had served the erstwhile BSEB (Bihar State Electricity Board). His Association (or rather Legendary Jugalbandi) with A B A GHANI KHAN CHOUDHARY, the Legendary Member of Indian Parliament from Malda, WEST BENGAL is a Development Folklore. Prasad had narrated the famous incident when the Transmission corridor for evacuation of 336 MW Chhukha HEP to INDIA through the chicken-neck region could only be possible, thanks to the support of mercurial A B A Ghani Khan Choudhary, who got the budget approved out of turn from the Indian Parliament under the then Prime Minister, Indira Gandhi, and Yogendra Prasad was the Engineering Champion from NHPC who made it feasible on the ground. Yogendra Prasad was a Father Figure personally for yours truly and we shared a very warm, mutually reciprocal and lovely relationship. That ENERTIA sustained its ght to bring Hydropower back into National reckoning owes, thanks to Yogendra Prasad. Further the movement for entire 'Hydropower as Renewable Energy' was pitched for by REPA (Renewable Energy Promotion Association) and ENERTIA Foundation with the Government of INDIA and MNRE (Ministry of New & Renewable Energy) under the aegis of Yogendra Prasad. He was amongst the tallest public sector gures and greatest Hydro Engineer, Dam Builder, Doyen of Hydropower and Water Resources, INDIA witnessed. In my books, he was far ahead of everyone in his times as Hydropower is a challenge of Civil Engineering and Geology both. He was the builder of the INDIRA SAGAR Hydro Dam, Omkareshwar HEP and several such Projects in INDIA including neighbouring BHUTAN. 60% of all Hydropower Project developed

HYDRO RATNA – YOGENDRA PRASAD – A TRIBUTE

PUBLISHER’S NOTE post 1978 and also those under development as on date had a Yogendra Prasad hand or stamp of inuence on it. Late Prime Minister, Atal Bihari Vajpayee, chose YOGENDRA PRASAD to Chair his 50GW National Hydropower Initiative and then Power Minister, P R Kumaramangalam & Prasad were instrumental in making the Early moves that are slowly showing some results now, albeit after lot of procrastination. He was Conferred with the “ENERTIA Life Time Achievement Award in 2012” - Falcon Media and also the Renewable Energy Promotion Association (REPA) - ENERTIA Foundation Honour of HYDRO RATNA at “INDIA HYDRO AWARDS” 2013. Also, Prasad is the First and only INDIAN to be conferred the ICOLD (International Commission on Large Dams) Award. He (Yogendra Prasad) was the “Father of Modern Hydropower Growth of INDIA”, will be etched in memory as a Legendary CIVIL Engineer, DAM Builder & Constructor, Hydro Engineer and Architect Par Excellence. He was INDIA's Best and in the League of Mokshagundam Visveswaraya, the Legendary Engineer. If We Celebrate “Engineers Day” on the Birth Day of M Visveswaraya, INDIA Should Celebrate “HYDRO DAY” to Commemorate GURU, Mentor and Doyen of Hydro all times to come, Shri YOGENDRA PRASAD (on his birthday, 6th April). Father of INDIA's HydroPower Growth, Yogendra Prasad, in his nal efforts of National contribution through Rural Resurgence was trying to build a better future for the youth in his Native Village of BIHAR in Motihari to provide Employment and Deployment to 5,000 youth below the Poverty line (he was building a Rice Mill and Cane Sugar factory when I last spoke to him in early April 2021 which as per sources has reached its completion). BIHAR's & INDIA's ICONIC CIVIL Engineer, DAM Builder, HYDROPOWER Colossus had to struggle at the end to even deliver Small Scale Development in Native State and region. He reported Red Tape and Corruption as the principal cause of backwardness. YOGENDRA PRASAD's loss is a Grave National Loss, especially for the Hydropower Sector and Power Sector at large. For me, in particular, it was a deep personal one.

HYDRO RATNA – YOGENDRA PRASAD – A TRIBUTE

N MURUGESAN Former Director General – CPRI & Hon. Co-Chair, REPA & GSFI ENERTIA Foundation

HYDRO RATNA – YOGENDRA PRASAD – A TRIBUTE

He was the longest serving Chairman and Managing Director of NHPC (October 1997 to April 2005). Under his dynamic Leadership the organization grew from strength to strength. In the early part of this century, Government made a huge push for harnessing the Hydro potential of the Country. Prasad Sahab recognized the opportunity and turned NHPC into a pro icient Hydropower developer and today NHPC is the largest Hydro Power Organization of the Country. Some of the key projects which bears the mark of Shri Prasad Sahab are the 1000 MW Indira S agar Hydroelectric Power Project, the 300 MW Chamera-II H E P , 2 8 0 M W D h a u l i ga n ga H P , t h e 5 2 0 M W Omkareshwar HEP and the 510 MW Teesta-V HEP. As the Chairman and Managing Director (Additional Charge) of SJVN Ltd., he brought the 1500 MW Nathpa Jhakri HEP, the Flagship Project of the Organization, back on track. The Project is the largest Hydropower Plant of the Nation and was commissioned in May 2004. There are not many opportunities for a Hydropower Professional, in terms of number of Projects to leave their

A Tribute to Hydro Ratna

His contribution to the Hydropower development has been widely acknowledged by the Hydropower development community. Shri Yogendra Prasad was conferred with the 'International Commission on Large Dams (ICOLD)' award for 'Exceptional Contribution for Hydropower Development'. He remains the irst and the only Indian to be conferred this Prestigious Award. He was also the recipient of 'Life –time Achievement Award' by ENERTIA. He graduated with a BE in Electrical Engineering from the Muzaﬀarpur Institute of Technology (MIT), Muzaﬀarpur, Bihar and excelled in his chosen profession of Hydropower construction. He had a deep insight into the Power Sector and continued to be a guiding light for the Sector till we lost his noble presence on 22nd of April 2021. The NHPC family will continue to be inspired by his dynamic leadership, his work as a true 'Karma Yogi' and his love and passion for development of Hydropower. His life and vision will continue to inspire the new generation of Hydropower Engineers to dream big and achieve big. His legacy will remain forever.

Shri Yogendra Prasad

GUEST EDITORIAL

ABHAY KUMAR SINGH Chairman & Managing Director NHPC Limited GUEST EDITOR The Special ENERTIA Issue

mark. However, Shri Yogendra Prasad has been an exception in this regard and his achievements are near insurmountable. He always guided and mentored his Team like a true leader. Many of us who have been part of his Team are today leading and executing many large Hydropower Projects.

GUEST EDITORIAL

Shri Yogendra Prasad has been a larger than life igure as far as Hydro Power development in INDIA is concerned. I am sure that each and every Hydropower Professional is aware of his achievements. Such has been his colossal impact on the sector.

HYDRO RATNA – YOGENDRA PRASAD – A TRIBUTE

YOGENDRA PRASAD as I knew him - by R N KHAZANCHI Hon’ble Druk Thuksey, Former Managing Director, Tala Hydropower Authority and Punatsangchhu-I & II Hydroelectric Project Authority (PHPA - I & II), BHUTAN

On 22 April 2021, a Hydropower Veteran lost his life to COVID-19. A Hero was no more. It was unbelievable that a highly disciplined and health-conscious person had fallen prey to the deadly virus. He religiously followed a d a i ly ro u t i n e o f d o i n g yo ga , meditation, exercise & healthy eating. He was a Hero of the Hydropower Industry best known for his long, outstanding and unparalleled tenure as Chairmancum-Managing Director, NHPC, I N D I A' s P re m i e r H yd ro p owe r Company.

Later I came to know that he had b e e n t h e P re s i de n t o f NHP C Of icers Association right from its inception.

Very few people may have known how and what made him to opt for Hydropower as his career.

Ye a r s l a t e r h e i n s p i re d a n d prompted me to occupy that position for two terms.

I met Yogendra Prasad towards end of 1983 after my joining NHPC on deputation from J&K State Government as a Manager at Salal Project in September that year. Yogendra Prasad, originally from Bihar State Electricity Board (BSEB), was already a Cadre Of icer of NHPC, holding post of a Senior

Being an extrovert by nature and a warm-hearted person he took no time to mix with me, the way he used to be with all the old timers. Almost all the colleagues in his age group and even those older to him believed that he was a person who would be managing his timely promotions.

Manager. All the NHPC Of icers of his age group thought that he was a go-getter when it came to handling Power Transmission Projects in Eastern INDIA. At that time, he was also known for getting quick promotions. I was introduced to him at the Corporate Of ice in DELHI during an Of icial Meeting.

I recall to have spent numerous evenings with him whenever we would be on of icial visits to DELHI f ro m o u r re s p e c t ive P ro j e c t Headquarters. We used to have post dinner interactions in NHPC's Asian Village Guest House. In the very early association, I found in him a burning passion for growth of the Organization and its Employees, not only the Of icers but the Non-Executives and all other Junior Cadres too. In those formative years of his career he used to involve himself in helping people and solving their problems. As soon as the Government of INDIA incorporated Power Grid Corporation a separate Power Tra n sm ission Com p a ny w it h ambitious plans, most of the Electrical Engineers of various utilities including NHPC opted to join the new born company. Yogendra Prasad, by virtue of his vast experience in Power Transmission Projects including BHUTAN's Chukha Transmission

HYDRO RATNA – YOGENDRA PRASAD – A TRIBUTE

Sy s t e m , wa s o n e o f t h e f e w professionals it for holding a Senior Position in the New Entity. H e d i d n o t j o i n Po w e r G r i d Corporation. Even though that was the time when he did not have any Hydropower experience worth the name and yet he stayed back in NHPC. It was his dream and deep passion to see the Country growing its Hydropower Sector that made him to forego the opportunity of joining Power Grid, a greener pasture at that time especially for Electrical Engineers. His early achievement in Hydropower was getting RANGIT Hydroelectric Project, SIKKIM, executed under very dif icult working conditions associated with Hydro Development. Recognising his potential as a Transmission Professional earlier and proving himself equally well in H yd ro , h e wa s p ro m o t e d a s Executive Director followed by his appointment as Director (Projects) of NHPC. Finally, his selection and appointment as CMD, NHPC proved

to be a boon both for the growth of NHPC and the Hydropower Sector. In that position he made his contribution to change the lukewarm policies of the Government about Hydropower. He was excited when Prime Minister, Atal Bihari Vajpayee, ordered identi ication and implementation of 50 GW of Hydropower Projects. He opposed tooth and nail the proposal to merge NHPC with NTPC. He was not against NTPC but he never wanted Hydropower implementation diluted. Instead, he supported NTPC by sparing Senior and competent NHPC Professionals when that company (NTPC) decided and ventured to take up implementation of Hydropower Projects. That was his conviction and c o m m i t m e n t to H yd ro p owe r development. He proved his love for the profession when he went head on to take-over Additional Charge of Nathpa Jakhri Power Corporation (now SJVNL) at a very dif icult and crucial stage of project

HYDRO RATNA – YOGENDRA PRASAD – A TRIBUTE

implementation. He was instrumental in taking up and completing Indira Sagar Hydropower Project, MADHYA P R A D E S H , i n re c o rd t i m e i n addition to his duties as CMD, NHPC. While I was the Managing Director of Tala Hydropower, BHUTAN, his presence was felt and applauded by the Royal Government of BHUTAN. As CMD, NHPC, he volunteered to execute the Transmission System for evacuation of Kurichhu Power to INDIA through the then terrorist infested territory of South-Eastern B H U TA N i n a d d i t i o n t o construction of the Kurichhu Hydropower Project. Bhutanese Authorities were heard saying that none other than Shri. Prasad would have dared to take up such a challenging responsibility. In his last phase of life, he lived in NHPC Society, Greater Noida. While Hydropower fraternity will remember him for long I will personally miss him as my wellwisher and neighbour. May his soul rest in peace.

HYDRO TRIBUTE

Online Tribute to HYDRO RATNA, Shri Yogendra Prasad by Falcon Media, ENERTIA Journal Panel of Eminent Personas from Hydropower, Power and Public Sector Enterprises Falcon Media, “ENERTIA - Asia's Premier Journal on Sustainable Energy, Power & Renewables” in Partnership with Renewable Energy Promotion Association (REPA) and ENERTIA Foundation organized a “Tribute to Hydro Ratna, Shri Yogendra Prasad” on 4th June 2021 at 4 p.m. The discussions of the day was supported by NHPC Limited, Andritz Hydro and Chemtrols Industries Pvt. Ltd. Prof A G Iyer, Editor -in-Chief, ENERTIA and President, Renewable Energy Promotion Association (REPA) & ENERTIA Foundation, moderated / anchored the discussions. An Eminent Panel comprising R N Khazanchi, Hon. DRUK THUKSEY & Former Managing Director, THPA & PHPA (I & II), BHUTAN & Ex NHPC colleague of Shri Prasad ; Dr. V K Garg, Former Chairman and Managing Director, PFC Limited ; Balraj Joshi, Former Chairman and Managing Director, NHPC Limited ; Pramod K Sinha, Formerly served DPE (Department of Public Enterprises), Government of INDIA, MNCs as Top Management Member and Former Head of HR, PR & Communication, S CO P E ; N M u ru g e s a n, Fo r m e r Director General, CPRI (Central Power Research Institute), INDIA's apex Government Research Organization for the Power sector and now Hon. CoChairman, GSFI (Grid Smart Forum of

INDIA), ENERTIA Foundation ; Hetal Mehta, Chairman, SETU Foundation and Hon. Co-Founder, REPA and PVSN MURTY, Former Vice President, VOITH Hydro and Hon Associate Director, REPA. R Thiagarajan Iyer, Editorial Director, ENERTIA and Secretary General, REPA was the Chief Coordinator for this Broadcast while Stef i Iyer, Executive Editor, ENERTIA and Dy. Secretary General, REPA was the Assistant Coordinator for this Broadcast. PVSN Murty paying tribute to Prasad said “He was the Doyen of the Hydropower sector and that the rise of NHPC owes it to Shri Yogendra Prasad. During his tenure, the words Hydropower, NHPC and Yogendra Prasad became synonymous in nature, context and content. Several personas and Engineers in the Engineering and Power arena started understanding Hydropower and taking deep interest both in learning it as well as seeking career in the industry.” “I had several interactions with him when he was in NHPC and in 1993-94, he was the Chairman of the Awards Committee of the Vistex Foundation where my Company got the award at the hands of then Minister, Shri Omar Abdullah. It is very unfortunate that we have lost him at this juncture and he was

the principle proponent of then Prime Minister, Atal Bihari Vajpayee's 50,000 MW Hydropower initiative. Most of the projects he undertook or were under his supervision in Hydro came on time without any delays, which is a colossal achievement placing his Project Management and Delivery skills in unparalleled zone. He was basically an innovative problem solver and great solution inder to complex issues pertaining to Hydropower development including public issues handling and scienti ic R&R (Rehabilitation and Resettlement)” Murty added. “Omkareshwar Project was a Kaplan Design in the 'High Flow and extremely Low Head Turns' but we went for the Francis Hydro Turbine Design in this case. It was a dif icult project which was completed well within its time and it happened thanks to the Leadership of Prasad as CMD, NHPC and Chairman, NHDC. Voith Hydro also got a bonus for achieving the feat, when I was heading Voith Hydro (then Voith Siemens) as its then Vice-President in INDIA. The project was under NHDC. It was an extra ordinary demonstration of Project Management in Hydropower in RoR (Run of the River) with Engineering challenges in the Hydro design. Prasad's leadership was a clinching point in the project's success and its early completion, as it was the case in the INDIRA SAGAR HEP-II (a storage

HYDRO RATNA – YOGENDRA PRASAD – A TRIBUTE

HYDRO TRIBUTE

Hydropower Project) as well located on the same Narmada Bassein on the Madhya Pradesh side of the river low. Both INDIRA SAGAR and Omkareshwar Projects with diﬀerent dimensions of challenges one being a Storage Hydro and the other being the RoR Project, were completed under 4 Years, a record which can barely be matched in any other Hydro Projects in INDIA or elsewhere”, Murty concluded. N Murugesan, a doyen himself of the Power sector, who knew Prasad closely when he headed the CPRI and later through the ENERTIA Foundation and ENERTIA Journal on his interactions with Yogendra Prasad said “he treated me like a younger brother and was very compassionate and always concerned about me on several occasions. He came out as a igure we could go to, get motivated and move forward towards our goals in life. He was full of empathy and concern for people in the power sector. His passion for Hydro Power had barely a parallel.” Hetal Mehta said, “I found Yogendra Prasad sahab full of humility and he had a great vision for the Hydropower sector and also the Power sector at large. I interacted with him through the forums, ENERTIA Foundation and REPA and knew him thereof as a man of method with impeccable commitment to the Hydropower sector. His contribution to the Nation and Hydropower sector will remain unmatched and unparalleled.” R N Khazanchi, an ex-colleague and age-wise senior to Yogendra Prasad ji and a neighbour in his retired life said, Prasad started from the BSEB (Bihar State Electricity Board) and in fact he chose Hydropower as his preferred future career by joining NHPC in 1978. He was an Electrical Engineer from the Transmission and Distribution sector background who was sent on deputation to NHPC. His irst skills were noticed in untying the bottlenecks faced in the Transmission of BHUTAN's CHHUKHA HEP electricity to INDIA. The Hydropower Project was getting established in neighbouring BHUTAN under the INDO-BHUTAN bilateral treaty and there was no PowerGrid entity at that time. Prasad had to sort out the transmission issues then as incharge of the same at NHPC.” “The irst unit commissioning of CHHUKHA HEP was made possible in 1986 by establishing of the Transmission

corridor which was a big achievement and Prasad was indeed recognized for this massive achievement in both BHUTAN and INDIA. His real passion for Hydropower can be only understood when PowerGrid was later established as a separate entity, Yogendra Prasad could have easily joined as the then Number One choice to Head it as its Chairman and Managing Director, but he chose to let go that opportunity and stayed back to grow NHPC when most of his colleagues in the Transmission Division at NHPC preferred the greener pastures oﬀered by PowerGrid. Later, because of his strong commitment to Hydropower, and his hard work for success at NHPC spanning the decade of the last few years of the previous century and the opening of the 21st Century, he was literally labelled the 'HYDROMAN of INDIA',” Khazanchi averred.

HYDRO RATNA – YOGENDRA PRASAD – A TRIBUTE

It may be noted that most of BHUTAN's 336 MW CHHUKHA HEP's energy is exported to West Bengal, Bihar, Jharkhand, Odisha and Sikkim. It was the irst project under the INDOBHUTAN bilateral developmental agreement for Hydropower and export to INDIA from BHUTAN. CHHUKHA HEP was the Kingdom Democracy's greatest source of income until the 1,020 MW Tala Hydropower Project was commissioned in 2007 under R N Khazanchi's leadership. Between 2005 and 2006, CHHUKHA alone contributed over 30% to BHUTAN's total revenue. The plant is operated by Druk Green Power Corporation (DGPC). “Yogendra Prasad was considerate to those who worked in the Hydropower sector be it businessmen, contractors,

HYDRO TRIBUTE

co-workers, subordinates and was an able administrator as well as a Leader of Men. He was indeed the greatest we saw in the Hydropower sector and his loss is a grave loss for the Hydro fraternity. Prasad was a brilliant personality who will never be forgotten in NHPC at all. Talking about a small local project of B H U TA N , t h e 1 5 M W i r s t u n i t (commissioned on 13th April 2001) of the 60 MW Kurichhu HEP, whose power export had to come through the Terrorist infested Transmission corridor in ASSAM could be only achieved by Yogendra Prasad. The then Bhutanese Authorities as well as those on the INDIA side had admitted that only Yogendra Prasad could achieve the challenging task of bringing the Transmission infrastructure through the terror manifested corridor”, Khazanchi further added. “NHPC was oﬀered the construction and build-up of the TEHRI Hydro Project and NHPC held charge for TEHRI for a b o u t a ye a r. S o m eh ow, th e management was not able to hold on to TEHRI as TEHRI Project itself did not have people with enough competence for such a large project at that time. In my opinion, if the clocks were to be reversed, and if Yogendra Prasad had been in-charge of TEHRI Hydro, it would have never gone through the inordinate delays it went through and would have been one of the fastest completed Hydro Storage project, as it was in the case of INDIRA SAGAR and the NATPHAJHAKRI”, Khazanchi further added. “Then there was a situation when the Government and the those in the Ministry of Power at that time proposed NHPC merger into NTPC as the cash rich PSE company approached the Government with the proposal. Prasad was a ONE-MAN ARMY who opposed this tooth-and-nail without worrying about the political consequences of his stand and he had the conviction and audacity too to propose a counter oﬀer for reverse merger of NTPC into NHPC, for purchase of NTPC by NHPC (complete buyout), the plan for which with facts and igures including future roadmap he presented to the then Ministry of Power, Government of INDIA. The Government was forced to shelve the plan. Such was his commitment, courage and conviction for the organization he built in NHPC”, Khazanchi further explained this never before situation and its outcome.

“It must be noted that celebrated legendary Engineer, E Sreedharan, called the 'METRO MAN of INDIA' when he was doing Konkan Railway, it was NHPC that lent its engineering skill to the Konkan Railway Corporation Limited for tunnelling by sparing their middle level Project Engineers who had earlier completed the CHAMERA Stage1 HEP in Himachal Pradesh and Sreedharan had specially appreciated this move and gesture of Prasad in written communications, which I was privy to. Sreedharan held Prasad in great respect for what he did and stood for. In similar way one cannot forget that it was Prasad who simply ensured that SJVN Natpha-Khakri which was in problem was bailed out, thanks to Prasad's leadership holding additional charge as the Chairman and Managing Director of the Company and Project. So Prasad will be remembered by everyone in the Hydropower Sector and for me I will remember him for my lifetime as a man with great vision and a Hydropower giant in our lifetimes.”, Khazanchi concluded. Balraj Joshi said, “I had the opportunity to work closely with Yogendra Prasad ji and what I observed is that apart from his professional and impeccable project management competence, his outstanding quality was that he was a visionary of phenomenal proportions. He was never afraid of growth especially with the nominal resources he had then during his times. He took up the challenge to grow and build NHPC and Hydropower as such which is a dif icult area for success. He was ready to takeover projects that were hanging ire and take them to completion. It was his pure conviction and visionary leadership that enabled him to take such calls without worrying and getting bogged down about resource issues. He was a quick and dynamic decision m a k e r, a b l e a d m i n i s t r a t o r a n d phenomenal leader.” “Hydropower is the most dif icult of Projects and as Prof. Iyer has mentioned a Hydropower Project is of mammoth proportions in Engineering terms in comparison to building a Road or a Highway tunnel. The one issue is most of the Hydropower being built in INDIA and our neighbourhood is in the dif icult, unfriendly, treacherous and fragile Himalayan geology. One cannot keep drilling throughout the length of the tunnel and for example the TEESTA-V tunnel was 17.75 kms long as I

remember and I was in-charge of Design under Prasad for this Project. TEESTA-V was built almost in time with only a delay of 12 months which is nominal for Hydro and well within its budgets. Whenever at the Ministry of the PIB or any of the Government bodies, when they ask to mention a dif icult Project completed in time, I ensure to mention the TEESTA-V as a perfect example to avoid time and cost over-runs. One key reason for the success was the fast decision making of Yogendra Prasad sahab”, Joshi averred. “I remember during the build-up of the dam, the left bank had slided and it could have become a very big problem. Prasad had given us the con idence to take whatever steps were deemed to be taken from Design and Engineering point of view and to salvage the situation bringing back to progress. He was not bothered about any additional cost that would arrive as he was more focused on the time related cost loadings that generally derail Hydro Projects mainly due to indecision in critical moments like this. Prasad backed his TEESTA-V Team l i ke n o b o d y d i d . H e w a s s i m p l y approachable and would go with the decision taken by his Team and with quick and right judgement be it issue of drawings which sometimes were as short as half an hour and even for other serious technical issues it was very quick and timely support from the top. We all knew if we took a problem to Prasad, there will be surely a solution in quick time”, Joshi added further. “In another case, in a West Bengal Power Development Corporation (WBPDC) Project under the then Chief Minister, Jyoti Basu's time (Jyoti Basu was a friend of Prasad), the West Bengal Government had called on NHPC to be the Consultant and I was put in-charge by Prasad for the Project after my tenure at the Kurichhu HEP in BHUTAN had come to an end. It was a double whammy for me as I had been away from my family during my BHUTAN stint and this gave me the opportunity to come back as prior to that I had served in Jammu and Kashmir for 14 years. I had gone to Prasad requesting an assignment closer to my home, but he insisted that he had hand-picked me for the WBPDC Project and I agreed to him. We could complete the Dam in 2 years lat after it was stuck without any progress for 5 years. He took no time to transfer me to the NHPC Corporate of ice post completion of this project. He was never afraid of taking decisions and supporting people in the

HYDRO RATNA – YOGENDRA PRASAD – A TRIBUTE

HYDRO TRIBUTE

organization who went with the cause of Hydropower. He was indeed a Noble and Great Soul.”, Joshi concluded. Pramod K Sinha said, “I interacted with Yogendra Prasad ji when I was in the Department of Public Enterprises ( D P E ) u n d e r t h e t h e n M i n i s t e r, Murasoli Maran, when the Minister wanted us to go for some Navratna PSEs (Public Sector Enterprises). When we started interacting with CMDs / CEOs of PSEs, Prasad stood out as a visionary, a straightforward and upright persona, full of objectivity and very supportive of new initiatives. He was a man of both vision and mission and someone whose greatest passion was Hydropower itself and as Prof. Iyer has already proposed him to be in the league of the great Sir M Visveswaraya ji, I am happy to second such thought as Prasad led from the front in the Hydro sector. He wanted to take his organization to pinnacle of success be it the BSEB or NHPC or SJVN, he led them from the front and his contributions, the Nation has to further recognize for decades to come. He not only took these organizations to success and pro its, provided dividends to the Government, but also stood for the welfare of these organizations and the people working in it at large which spells his greatness. He was a Team man, a choice of his people and real leader at that.” Dr. V K Garg said, “I had a long association with Yogendra Prasad starting from the period when I joined the PowerGrid in 1997 and I have been continuously in interaction with him since then. Prasad Sahab had a sort of “JUNOON” (maverick passion) for Hydropower. He never thought whether a plan would be approved or not, he simply worked his mind and vision to give shape to any project irrespective of the inal results. He was plain passionately committed to the cause. He was a person who would relentlessly pursue the cause of Hydropower development and his pursuit of the goals were unique.” “He also championed the cause for g i v i n g t h e Re n e w a b l e s t a t u s t o Hydropower which he has advocated at forums like ENERTIA Foundation and REPA and he kept on pushing the Government in the direction of recognizing entire Hydropower as Renewable Energy. He was an excellent Project Manager, a Friend of Friends and a Leader for his subordinates. One

quality that distinguishes Yogendra Prasad from any other Leadership in the sector is that 'HE KEPT HIS WORD' meaning he would always keep his promises and deliver. If he committed to his staff on any issue, he stuck to it and to protect his colleagues or subordinates, he could go to any extent including ighting with the Powers be. This was an unmatched quality in him. When SJVN faced the silting problem in NathpaJhakri HEP, it was Yogendra Prasad's relentless work, effort and leadership that sorted out the problem and till date the silting issues have never come back into the Project.”, Garg averred. “Whatever NHPC has achieved today, a lot of credit has to go to the gigantic e ff o r t s o f Yo g e n d r a P r a s a d a n d whatever NHPC he built, he did it out of his zeal and received phenomenal cooperation from his staff, subordinates and colleagues due to his visionary leadership. The rise of NHPC thereof had no looking back. He would be known as the 'HYDRO MAN, HYDRO JUNOON and HYDRO SPIRIT OF INDIA',” Garg further added. “We need another Yogendra Prasad now for completion of the 2,000 MW Lower SUBANSIRI HEP which was de initely Yogendra Prasad's cherished dream too as he stood for its cause even post retirement across the forums of ENERTIA Foundation and REPA. It is a challenging task but NHPC can do it by invoking inspiration from Prasad's vision and mission on similar challenges thereby enabling the Project to complete without further time and cost over-runs and budgetary escalations. This is a landmark Project for the 'Economic Progress of the North Eastern Region' and its completion will be the best immediate tribute to Yogendra Prasad.”, Garg concluded.

HYDRO RATNA – YOGENDRA PRASAD – A TRIBUTE

Prof. Iyer closed the discussion by stating that the greatest tribute to Yogendra Prasad would be to have a quick addition plan of 100 GW Hydro Energy – Capacity Addition Mission 2021 – 30 and also pay tribute to Two other stalwarts who left us in COVID time namely S K Chaturvedi, Former CMD, PowerGrid Corporation of INDIA Limited (PGCIL) and Dr. D G Kadkade, who was the Former Advisor to Jaypee Hydro, another stalwart of the Hydropower Sector who was considered to have enabled several Hydro Projects success in INDIA including the fastest completed Private Sector Project of 1,000 MW KarchamWangtoo HEP, which was completed by Jaypee in 4 years lat but now this golden asset has been bought over by JSW Group. Dr. Kadkade also solved the silting problems of the Ghatghar Hydroelectric S cheme of the Irrigation Department of MAHARASHTRA that also generates 250 MW of Hydroelectricity. This is Asia's and INDIA's irst ever Roller Compacted Concrete (RCC) Dam that used waste ly-ash from Thermal Power Plant for the RCC technique build-up and demonstrate the irst such successful project in Asia. S K Chaturvedi was Executive Director at NHPC prior to joining PowerGrid as its Director (Personnel) and rising to become its CMD. He later served postretirement as Chairman, JERC (Joint Electricity Regulatory Commission). An exclusive Tribute Coverage to Hydro Ratna, Shri Yogendra Prasad, by “ENERTIA - Asia's Premier Journal on Su s ta i n a b l e E n e rgy, Powe r & Renewables” and with REPA and ENERTIA Foundation. Story Partner – ENERGY BUSINESS WIRE (EBW), an ENERTIA initiative.

Hydropower - BHUTAN

BHUTAN appends its Hydro Power Policy and Strategy 2021

BHUTAN has recently come up with its new Hydropower Policy which is called “Sustainable Hydropower Development Policy 2021”. This New Policy replaces the Country's Hydropower Policy of 2008. BHUTAN's present Installed Capacity, as we all know, is 2,326 MW which has taken 4 decades to reach that capacity and Mangdechhu HEP 720 MW is the only project of the total 10 GW targeted in the previous policy for completion upto 2020 which is about 7% achieved of the total targeted. Hence an opportunity outlay of 45 GW can be seen conservatively for a 10% – 15% traction (5 GW to 7 GW) over the next 8 – 9 years (Circa 2030).

2) Punatsangchhu HEP-II – 1020 MW – Under execution and likely to complete by 2022.

This is estimated to go to 22% 25% of GDP in due course over the next 5 – 7 years.

3) Kholongchhu HEP – 600 MW – The Project is under Bid Stage and Selection of EPC Contractors for various packages for execution of the project is in progress.

b) I n t h e N e w P o l i c y , t h e ownership of all Hydro Projects will be vested with the Royal Government of BHUTAN while the Government will encourage Private Sector to venture into Hydropower – related Ancillary Businesses and Services.

Other than these the existing Projects are (totalling 2,820 MW) :

The Power System “Masterplan 2040” estimates the overall Hydropower potential of BHUTAN as 36,900 MW as on date with Annual Production capability of 154,000 GW. Further the Policy states that Domestic demand of BHUTAN is increasing at a rate which may soon exceed Generation / Firm capacity and the country, therefore, is required to augment its capacity to generate electricity.

1) Punatsangchhu HEP-I – 1200 MW (under delay due to geological surprise issues). A solution for Upstream Barrage has been discussed at the highest level between the IndoBhutan Teams and NHPC is giving the plan for its consideration and further execution. Likely completion 2024 – 25 (provided no further surprises on Geology come into play).

a) One of the key objectives of the Policy is to enhance National Revenue through sale of 'Surplus Electricity'. BHUTAN exports currently 70% of its H yd ro p owe r g e n e ra te d to INDIA. According to Renewable Energy Promotion Association (REPA) estimates, Hydropower sales to INDIA accounts for 27% of the Bhutanese Government Revenues and 13% of its GDP.

Further, a key dimension of the Policy is to accord priority to Reservoir based Hydro Projects and Pumped Storage Hydropower. This is mainly because with the present ROR (Run-of-the-River) Hydropower f o c u s , B H U TA N e n d s u p importing Hydro Electricity during lean season and hence this shift in the New Policy.

d) Also, the policy is explicit on encouraging multi-purpose Hydropower Projects where it is Techno-Economically feasible for Flood Control, Irrigation and providing Drinking Water. e) Further it states that Bhutanese will be given preference for employment in Projects to the extent possible, based on their skills and capability and only after exhausting the provision.

HYDRO RATNA – YOGENDRA PRASAD – A TRIBUTE

Hydropower - BHUTAN

Foreign Partners will be allowed to bring in Expatriate Personnel during the time of Construction in accordance with prevailing laws. f)

Design and Construction of Infrastructure works like Roads, Bridges, Residential and NonResidential Buildings, Water Supply Schemes, Electricity Distribution Supply Networks, etc. shall be awarded only to local irms.

g) The provision of mechanisms to be built in the Contract Documents to source locally available construction materials and maximum bene its accrued to Bhutanese Suppliers, Transporters, Contractors and Manufacturers. Other Service Providers will also create economic opportunities for the locals which will enable the Royal Government of BHUTAN to gather favourable consent for Hydropower Development amongst local communities. h) E x e m p t i o n o f a l l P l a n t s , Construction Materials, Equipments, Machineries and Services imported for direct use in construction of Projects including Associated Transmission Systems from any levies, taxes and duties is a huge incentive to Hydropower Developers in BHUTAN. i)

The Developers will have to c a r r y o u t c o m p r e h e n s ive Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) in accordance with Environmental Legislations of the Country and t h e B H U TA N H yd ro p o w e r guidelines 2018 and subsequent Amendments. In the above background, 2 Projects have gained utmost signi icance in addition to the 3 Projects mentioned before under execution / closure. They are SANKOSH HEP – 2,560 MW estimated at Rs. 10,000 to Rs. 12,000 Crores and the KuriGongri HEP – 2,640 MW

estimated at Rs. 12,000 to Rs. 14,000 Crores. Both these projects are under the Joint Financing structure of the Government of INDIA and the Royal Government of BHUTAN. k) Other ROR Projects which seem to be in the priority Zone as per our information are 540 MW Amochhu HEP estimated cost Rs. 4,000 Crores funding by Government of INDIA and Royal Government of BHUTAN and the 770 MW Chamkharchhu HEP estimated cost Rs. 4,000 to Rs. 5,000 Crores, a joint venture between DHI (Druk Holding & Investments) / DGPC (Druk Green Power Corporation) and NHPC Ltd. Based on the recent developments and the new Hydropower Policy as above, there is a strategic focus and intent in the “Sustainable Hydropower Development Policy 2 0 2 1 ” o f B H U TA N t o w a r d s developing 'Storage Hydroprojects'. As the readers are aware, REPA and “ENERTIA – Asia's Premier Journal on Sustainable Energy, Power and

HYDRO RATNA – YOGENDRA PRASAD – A TRIBUTE

Renewables” have represented the SANKOSH and Kuri-Gongri HEPs with the Government of INDIA on several occasions and shared the similar views right from 2013-14 with the Royal Government of BHUTAN as well. It is visible now that movement is happening in that direction. Another key point has been that REPA has constantly advocated JVs between Indian Hydropower Constructors, Developers and Hydro Companies to have JVs with local entities for a long-term futuristic roadmap that will bene it both BHUTAN and INDIA. The fruits of development including employment / deployment, gainful engagement reach the grassroot communities for BHUTAN as well while bene itting the Hydropower Construction expertise of Indian Companies who need to slowly prepare for a presence in BHUTAN beyond token presence and have local resources to deliver contracts which will be one of the key components for future delivery of Hydropower Projects in BHUTAN. (An ENERTIA Editorial Team Exclusive)

INDIA Hydro Feature

Hydropower remains INDIA’s most potential resource with Water Resources at the forefront and Power Generation as a bi-product Storage Hydro and Pumped Storage schemes are the way forward combined with a basin wise development plan of execution for potential 275 – 325 GW (Storage + RoR) and 100 GW of Pumped Storage with North Eastern Region itself accounting for 250 GW. As we dedicate this special issue to Hydro Ratna, Late Shri Yogendra Prasad, it is time that this Author assess and puts a course correction to the INDIA Hydro Story that needs u rg e n t re s u rg e n c e w i t h f re s h analysis of real time potentials. The present Installed Capacity Index overall for INDIA is in the region of 383 GW of which Hydropower is about 46 GW making it 12% of the Capacity Index in installed capacity

terms and in real time generation has gone below 10% level. To give a comparison, during the year 2003-2004, the share of Hydropower in the National Power Generation Mix (NPGM) often referred to from the older terminology of 'HydroThermal Mix' was at 27 : 73 meaning we had 27% Hydropower to 73% pre-dominant Thermal Coal and other conventional sources in the year 2003-2004. This capacity index balance between the Hydro and Thermal had fallen to 14 : 86 (Thermal and other solid state power including other Renewables) by 2015 and in the present scenario this ratio has fallen further to 10 : 90 levels. This is the historically lowest share for Hydropower in the NPGM.

Further, it must be noted that H yd ro p o we r a c t s a s a “ Pe a kShaving” or “Spinning Reserve” capacity which balances and maintains the frequency of the Grid, which is of utmost importance in a 'Uni ied Grid Command and Code' Structure. Any idea of 'One INDIA – One Grid – One Frequency' needs the plug-and-play feature of the Hydropower with only other alternative being Natural Gas based Power Generation to sustain the Grid Code (Grid Frequency closer to 50 Hz with negligible variance). Only with s u c h p h i l o s o p hy, t h e q u a l i t y, reliability and sustainability of the electricity supply and on 24 x 7 basis to the economy is feasible. On the other hand, the Power Generation Assets, their security and safety

HYDRO RATNA – YOGENDRA PRASAD – A TRIBUTE

INDIA Hydro Feature

heavily depends on a stable Grid Frequency. Only Hydropower and Gas based power, preferably in hybridized input can enable such complex yet ef icient Power Grid operations. The other aspect which leads the issue of Power Generation is the phenomenal multi-purpose bene its coming via Storage Hydro Projects and the Pumped Storage schemes. I N D I A h a s a p u m p e d S t o ra g e potential of 100 GW and the classical Hydro Storage + RoR (Run-of-River) together bringing another 325 GW of capacity index potential for which INDIA must organize fresh studies. One of the biggest potential river basins is the INDUS Basin where INDIA has a potential of approx. 40 GW. The other major basin and a bigger one at that is the BRAHMAPUTRA Basin which together with the North Eastern rivers and tributaries, especially in the ARUNACHAL PRADESH, ASSAM and SIKKIM region easily throw-up the potential of 200 GW +. Our inability to focus on the one mega Hydro State of ARUNACHAL PRADESH has been our undoing. The lack of development in this strategic

State, which has 150 GW + capacity d o r m a n t H yd ro p o t e n t i a l h a s resulted in CHINA eyeing the State and its resources by using military tactics thereby pushing the envelope aimed at accessing these natural water resources of INDIA. The sooner we start realising Hydro development as a phenomenal socioeconomic infrastructure upheaval issue, we would be doing a yeomen service in developing these regional river basin potentials and keeping CHINA at bay through infrastructure development that normally accompanies Hydro build-up. The perfect example can be seen in neighbouring BHUTAN, where now Hydro is a major contributor to the ledgling economy and GDP of BHUTAN, its share now in double digits poised to go upwards of 22% + contribution. Another interesting river sub-basin and in the INDUS basin inclusions is the river Chenab basin. A list of projects under development for SJVN Limited which is the HIMACHAL PRADESH based PSE (Public Sector Enterprises) which owns the 1500 MW Nathpa Jhakri HEP as well as Rampur HEP of 412 MW also in HIMACHAL PRADESH shows that

HYDRO RATNA – YOGENDRA PRASAD – A TRIBUTE

almost 2890 MW of such projects majorly located in the Chenab basin and valley are either under Construction, Pre-Construction and Investment approval or under Survey and Investigation. INDIA's Water Resources scenario has hit a bottom with Urban Water Supply per capita reaching historically low igures of below 50 litres per person / capita per day and for Rural below 30 litres per person / capita per day. WHO standards for hygienic and sustainable living peg the guaranteed minimum water access as 160 litres per person / capita per day. This issue cannot be redressed without shifting gear and focussing on storage dams and storage hydro projects on a war footing. The last big storage project to come on the Grid as well as enable water s u p p ly t o S t a t e s o f G U JA R AT, MAHARASHTRA, MADHYA PRADESH and RAJASTHAN was the 'Sardar Sarovar Hydro' that came in 2007. The other major water alone storage reservoir of signi icance was the 'A N N A R A M B a r r a g e ' o n t h e Godavari river in TELANGANA State commissioned recently.

INDIA Hydro Feature

There are several projects of the RoR types in the pipeline but it is the Storage Projects that need to be promoted and fronted if we are to avoid a National Water Crisis, which could be globally unprecedented too. INDIA's great storage projects that have enabled agriculture are namely the BHAKRA Hydro Project (Punjab), the KOYNA Hydro (MAHARASHTA), HIRAKUD Hydro (ODISHA), SRISAILAM & NAGARJUNASAGAR Hydro (ANDHRA PRADESH), RIHAND Hydro (UTTAR PRADESH), INDIRA SAGAR Hydro (MADHYA PRADESH), IDUKKI Hydro (KERALA), METTUR Hydro (TAMIL NA D U ) , T E H R I H yd ro (UTTARKHAND), TUNGABHADRA Hydro (KARNATAKA) to name a few. It is time to understand that several

of these above projects happened when INDIA's population was far below the 1 Billion mark (roughly suited for 600 - 750 Million population) and with 1.38 Billion p o p u l a t i o n n o w, w e n e e d t o minimum double our storage for sustainability. This has to be achieved in quick time in less than a decade. We must revisit the dream of Prime Minister, Atal Bihari Vajpayee, who spoke and moved passionately towards the idea of River Networking / River inter-linking Project in addition to the famous 50 GW Hydropower initiative. Time is up that we announce a 100 GW Hydropower capacity addition with pre-dominant focus on Storage Hydro and Pumped Storage initiative for 2027–30 target of 150 GW Hydro Renewable.

The unique link between Water and Energy in the Hydropower development is the key. Additionally, wherever Hydro Storage Projects have come up they have resulted in multifarious development including socio-economic upliftment, providing employment to local people in the region and the State, enhancing rural water access, building new townships and cities, lood management, river navigation, etc. Treating the Hydropower development costs on a per mw basis would be a complete fallacy as the above multi-purpose nature and impacts are never put up in those calculations thereby pitting Hydro versus the rest unfairly. Hydro needs separate treatment while placing it at the highest and frontal focus in our Renewable development.

HYDRO RATNA – YOGENDRA PRASAD – A TRIBUTE

IMPACT FEATURE – Hydropower Turbines Contract signing for supply of electro-mechanical equipment for the Pinnapuram pumped storage plant.

ANDRITZ Hydro makes leaps and bounds progress in INDIA, North America and Africa with fresh orders in execution of four 240-MW units, two 120-MW Reversible Turbine Pumps (RTPs) u n i t s , m a i n i n l e t va lve s , a n d associated auxiliaries.

International technology group ANDRITZ received a contract from Greenko Energy Private Limited, an independent Indian power producer, for the supply of electro-mechanical equipment for the 1,200-MW Pinnapuram pumped storage plant. Located in the Kurnool district of Andhra Pradesh State in INDIA, the Hydropower Plant will be part of the irst integrated Renewable Energy Storage Project (RESP) combining Electrical Energy production based on Solar Photo Voltaic (SPV), Wind and Pumped Storage Hybrid. Once commissioned, Pinnapuram will be the largest Pumped Storage Scheme in INDIA. Commissioning of the irst units is expected by 2023. The contract includes design, manufacture, supply, transportation, erection, testing, and commissioning

This order not only con irms once again ANDRITZ's strong position in the Indian hydro market, but also for Pumped Storage Technology, which plays an important role in providing grid stability to cope with in irm solar and wind power supplies. ANDRITZ also received an order from the Indian utility company CHENAB VALLEY POWER PROJECTS (P) LTD. to supply the complete electromechanical equipment for the Kiru Run-of-River Hydropower Plant (624 MW) located on the Chenab River in Kishtwar district, Jammu and Kashmir, INDIA. The contract has an order value of more than EURO 50 Million. The order comprises the supply, design, manufacturing, erection, testing and commissioning of four units (Hydro Turbines and Generators), auxiliary electrical and

mechanical equipment as well as 400 kV GIS and 400 kV outdoor pothead yard equipment. The contract will be executed by ANDRITZ's Indian subsidiary with state-of-the-art manufacturing facilities in Mandideep (near Bhopal) and Prithla (near Faridabad). The Kiru Hydropower plant addresses the energy de iciency in the northern part of INDIA. It will bring clean renewable energy to the rural area and also enable industrial development in the region. By securing this prestigious contract, ANDRITZ has yet again con irmed its position as a leading player in the hydropower market in INDIA. In addition, ANDRITZ has signed a contract with the Indian State Utility c o m p a n y K A R N ATA K A P OW E R CO R P O R AT I O N LT D. ( K P C L ) t o refurbish and renovate the Shivasamudram Hydropower plant located in the Southern State of KARNATAKA. Shivasamudram is one of Asia's oldest Hydropower plants and was built in 1902.

HYDRO RATNA – YOGENDRA PRASAD – A TRIBUTE

IMPACT FEATURE – Hydropower Turbines

Modernize the Jebba Hydropower Plant. The company received an order from Mainstream Energy Solutions Limited (MESL) for the modernization of one generation unit at Jebba Hydroelectric Power Plant on the Niger River. MESL is a privately owned Power Generating Company in Nigeria incorporated in 2011 and licensed to o p e ra t e t h e K a i n j i a n d J e b b a Hydroelectric Power Plants through a concession agreement with the Federal Government of Nigeria. The contract has a value of more than EURO 30 million and commissioning i s p l a n n e d fo r e n d o f 2 0 2 3 / beginning of 2024. The ANDRITZ scope of delivery includes the supply of equipment for the Hydro Turbines and auxiliaries, spiral casing, draft tube elbow and cone, and the cooling water system, as well as refurbishment of the e l e c t r i c a l s y s t e m , e xc i t a t i o n , governor, protection, and control systems. Additionally, ANDRITZ will perform inspection work as well as overhauling the existing generators and testing all 10 units. The order will be executed by ANDRITZ Hydro INDIA. Internationally too, ANDRITZ has made progress in securing orders. The company is poised to Supply Electro-Mechanical Equipment for Barkley Hydropower Plant, UNITED S TAT E S . A N D R I T Z r e c e iv e d a contract from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' Nashville District for rehabilitation of the Hydro Turbines and Generators at Barkley Hydroelectric Power Plant (186 MW), located on the Cumberland River in Western Kentucky near the town of Grand Rivers. Once fully commissioned, Power Generation is estimated to be approximately 150 GWh per year. The order value is approximately Euro 65 Million. Commissioning of the irst unit is expected in September 2023. The Scope of supply includes the design, manufacture, transportation,

erection, testing and commissioning of four Kaplan turbine generator units with a capacity of 46.5 MW each, along with associated auxiliaries and ancillary equipment. The contract will be executed by ANDRITZ's USA subsidiar y in Charlotte, North Carolina. Similarly, ANDRITZ will also Supply Electro-Mechanical Equipment for Red Rock Falls Generation Station, CANADA. The company has received an order from Mississagi Power Trust, a subsidiary of Evolugen by Brook ield Renewable, for the major rehabilitation of the G1 Hydro Turbine and Generator as well as electrical balance of plant for G1 and G2 at the Red Rock Falls Generation Station, located on the Mississagi River in the Algoma District of Ontario, CANADA. The irst unit rehabilitation will start in June 2022, inal commissioning is expected in April 2023. The scope of supply includes the design, manufacturing, transportation, erection, testing and commissioning of various new or refurbished turbine and generator components including an upgraded 28 MW Kaplan runner, new control and protection systems, and various new electrical balance of plant equipment.

Also, in AFRICAN Continent, NIGERIA, ANDRITZ is set to

HYDRO RATNA – YOGENDRA PRASAD – A TRIBUTE

The Jebba Hydroelectric Power Plant is located in Niger State, northcentral part of Nigeria and was commissioned in 1985. It is situated 100 km downstream of the Kainji Hydroelectric Power Plant and equipped with six ixed blade propeller type turbines with a generating capacity of 96.4 MW each, resulting in a total installed capacity of 578.4 MW. Five of the units are available for generation while the sixth is out of operation due to a major ire incidence which occurred in April 2009. The new equipment will repower the plant, boost the energy production of Nigeria and provide much needed energy to the people of the country. The ANDRITZ scope of supply and services comprises the entire electro—mechanical and hydromechanical equipment for unit 2G6 including a 96.4 MW turbine, a 103 MVA generator, transformer, outdoor switchyard and accessory equipment, as well as the intake gate. T h e o b j e c t ive s o f t h e g e n e ra l rehabilitation program are an extension of equipment service life for the next 40 years, improving the reliability, and ensuring compliance o f t h e f re q u e n c y a n d vo l t a g e regulation with the national grid code. (An ENERTIA Exclusive Coverage)

OBITUARY

S K Chaturvedi, Former CMD, PowerGrid Corporation of India Limited (PGCIL) also left for the heavenly abode on 24th April 2021 S K Chaturvedi, former Chairman and Managing Director, PowerGrid Corporation of INDIA Limited (PGCIL) also left for the heavenly abode on 24thApril 2021 He was the Eminent Member of ENERTIA Editorial Advisory Board (EAB). He had won the PSE Journal instituted IPSE (INDIA Public Sector Enterprises) Award for Life Time Achievement. This was a National loss within days of losing Hydro Ratna, Shri Yogendra Prasad, on 21st April 2021. S K Chaturvedi was a former Colleague of Late Shri Yogendra Prasad, CMD, NHPC, who was then serving as Executive Director (Personnel) at NHPC and later joined PGCIL as its Director (HR and Personnel). He later rose to be Chairman and Managing Director of PGCIL. Prof. A G Iyer, Editor-in -Chief, ENERTIA knew S K

Chaturvedi right since he knew Yogendra Prasad during his NHPC days and was very happy when SKC rose to be the Chairman and Managing Director of PGCIL. He was the nephew of Dr B K Chaturvedi, former Member Planning Commission (Now NITI Aayog), Government of INDIA. SKC's last assignment post retirement was as Chairman, JERC (Joint Electricity Regulatory Commission). He was an impeccable gent and another Great leader of Men/Women a True Doyen of Public Sector in INDIA. He was an advocate of adoption of Renewable Energy with HYDRO as his favourite. Rest-in-Peace S K Chaturvedi Saheb, we will miss you. (By the ENERTIA Editorial Team and as narrated by Prof. A G Iyer)

HYDRO RATNA – YOGENDRA PRASAD – A TRIBUTE

OBITUARY

Hydropower lost another Colossus Dr. Dattaram Gopal Kadkade

Dr. Dattaram Gopal Kadkade, another Doyen of Hydropower Sector left for his heavenly abode on 5th May 2021 (he was 90 years old) owing to COVID related comorbidities. He served as the Chief Advisor to the JAYPEE Group. Dr Kadkade received the Prestigious ENERTIA AWARDS instituted by “ENERTIA – Asia's Premier Journal on Sustainable Energy, Power & Renewables” in the year 2008 for his Yeomen Contribution to 'Large and Medium Hydropower' Construction and was a top Stalwart of the Hydro and Dam Construction arena.

His services were also requisitioned by Government of MAHARASHTRA in August 2006 to analyse massive landslide in the reservoir area of GHATGAR DAM (Asia's only Roller Compacted Concrete based Dam using Fly Ash waste of Thermal Power aggregated to Construction Concrete) blocking the power house and killing thirty-four workmen.

Born 1931, Dr. Kadkade graduated in Civil Engineering from University of Pune (INDIA) in 1953 and was conferred Degree of Doctorate of Philosophy, honoris causa, by Jaypee Institute of Information Technology (India) in 2005.

He read over 150 papers on various issues in National and International Conferences. He was an Eminent Member of several Professional Societies in INDIA and abroad. He was Past President, Indian Society for Rock Mechanics and Tunnelling Technology 199698; Past President, International Geosynthetics Society (INDIA) 2003-05 and was also President of Indian Society of Engineering Geology. He was a Fellow of the Institution of Engineers, INDIA.

For close to 6 Decades, he was associated with Design, Planning, Construction and Management of major River Valley Projects in various States of INDIA. Dr. Kadkade was a renowned Civil Engineer with expertise in development of Hydropower in Himalayan Geology and in the ield of Tunnels, Underground Works and Dam Projects. He joined the JAYPEE Group as Director (Technical) in 1976 and served till end as Chief Adviser - Jaiprakash A s s o c i a te s L td . a n d D i r e c t o r , J a i p ra k a s h Hydropower Ltd. He had earlier worked with Hindustan Construction Co. Ltd. (HCC) from 1954-1976. He was Consultant to Karnataka State Power Corporation (KSPC) for Kali Nadi Project 1977-1981. Worked as Consultant during the massive lood of July 2005 to make all the Power Stations of Koyna Hydroelectric Power Stations operative.

HYDRO RATNA – YOGENDRA PRASAD – A TRIBUTE

Various other Awards and Accolades include Elected as the Best Geotechnical Engineer of INDIA in 1998; Honoured by American Concrete Institute in 2004.

His loss is a grave loss to 'Hydropower and Mega Engineering Structure Construction'. Our Editor-inChief, Prof. A G Iyer, had several interactions with him in the active days until around 2013. An Excellent Engineering and Hydro knowledge persona who was a doyen of the sector, he built probably one of the Best and Massive Individual Library of Hydro and Dam Construction, Tunnelling and Civil work at his residence in Jaypee Estates, NOIDA, where I once visited him in 2009. He was passionate about his subject and deeply committed to the cause of Hydropower. Rest-in-Peace KADKADE SAHEB. (By the ENERTIA Editorial Team and as narrated by Prof. A G Iyer)

Small Hydro Power (SHP)

here is using existing power generation in new ways to improve reliability and resilience. The tests performed demonstrated that SHPs like Idaho Falls', combined with integrated energy storage technologies may prove to be as nimble as natural gas when it comes to load following (i.e. responding to demand).” “It is important that we have the con idence and capacity to provide for our community in the event of an emergency,” said Idaho Falls Mayor Rebecca Casper. “INL employees live in this community and so, a collaboration is very meaningful because it will not just help Idaho Falls, but the surrounding communities as well.”

National Laboratory, Municipal Power Utility Test Energy Storage Tech for Small Hydropower Generation Idaho National Laboratory has turned to its own backyard to test how Small Hydro Power (SHP) Plants can serve as reliable sources of startup power during outages. Working with Idaho Falls Power, a municipally owned utility, INL researchers performed tests to see how the city's Turbines and Generators might be ramped up quickly with help from energy storage devices. The project also tested how the utility's control systems can be made more stable and responsive during emergencies. The city of Idaho Falls owns ive power plants on the Snake River, from the Upper Power Plant north of the city to the Gem State Dam just to the south. These plants generate enough power to meet about onethird of the city's needs. The rest of its power is purchased wholesale. All the power on the regional grid is managed by what is called a Balancing Authority. Idaho Falls irst reached out to INL after an outage in early December 2013 left about 3,500 residents in subzero cold for three hours. To cope

with a Rocky Mountain Power blackout already going on, the Balancing Authority ordered Idaho Falls Power to shed 35 megawatts in 30 minutes. Load shedding becomes necessary when transmission and distribution lines are in danger of becoming overloaded, putting an entire system at risk. In 2016, Idaho Falls and INL began investigating “black start” and “islanding” capabilities. Black starting is basically jump-starting a local grid with equipment and electricity that's immediately available. Islanding involves powering the local grid when outside power is not available. It's not as easy as just lipping on the lights, said Thomas Mosier, INL's energy systems group lead. By themselves, SHPs like the one in Idaho Falls can't restart a localized grid during a widespread outage. But with energy storage, these plants may be able to provide adequate frequency and voltage stabilization to avoid disruption in service. “The grid is changing very rapidly,” Mosier said. “What we are focusing on

The tests were especially focused on Ultracapacitors. Unlike batteries, which take hours to charge, Ultracapacitors can deliver quick bursts of energy, then just as quickly store energy and capture excess power that might otherwise be lost. To isolate the city's generators and test them in various con igurations, two 6-megawatt load banks were brought in. A load bank is kind of like a giant toaster oven, illed with resistive elements. Used to test an electric power source that has been disconnected from its normal operating load, they draw the current and dissipate it in the form of heat. The data collected will be fed into INL's Digital Real-Time Simulators, which can oﬀer insight into how grids will act and react under diﬀerent conditions. In preparation for these tests, the computers were used to model possible outcomes and minimize the risks of failure or equipment damage. “If we can solve this, it opens up capabilities for a lot of communities that have small hydro systems like ours,” said Ben Jenkins, who is managing the project for Idaho Falls Power. “It helps Idaho Falls, but it could have a much broader impact on the national grid.” (Source: Idaho National Laboratory)

HYDRO RATNA – YOGENDRA PRASAD – A TRIBUTE

CANADA Hydro

Canada’s Newest Hydro Project Starts Generating Clean Energy to Power Thousands of Homes Bechtel JV team at begins producing Hydroelectric Power six-months ahead of schedule. Renewable Electricity has started being produced at Keeyask Generating Station in Manitoba, CANADA, six-months ahead of the project's control schedule. A further six units will be added in the coming months. When completed, the plant will produce an average of 4,400-gigawatt-hours of electricity per year. That's enough electricity to power 400,000 homes. “This accomplishment is the result of a massive, coordinated team eﬀort b e t w e e n M a n i t o b a H y d ro , o u r Keeyask Cree Nation partners, contractors, trade unions, and every person that has worked on our project. We should all be proud of what we have achieved on our Keeyask Project. It has taken hard work, perseverance and overcoming multiple challenges

from all involved to reach this milestone,” said Manitoba Hydro. The Keeyask mega-project has been running ahead of its control schedule by working year-round through subarctic winters (down to -40º C), and more recently the pandemic. The Bechtel, Barnard and EllisDon Joint Venture team have been employing innovative logistics measures and tools, including placing extreme cold weather concrete during the winter months. The electricity generated at Keeyask will not only power homes and businesses in Manitoba, but also allow Manitoba Hydro to meet its export commitments in both Canada and the United States. “This is a signi icant milestone in this iconic renewable project. Producing electricity six-months ahead of schedule whilst navigating the challenges of COVID-19 is a tremendous accomplishment and testament to the dedication of each

HYDRO RATNA – YOGENDRA PRASAD – A TRIBUTE

and every member of the Keeyask team,” said Kelvin Sims, Bechtel's Infrastructure General Manager, Americas. The Keeyask Generation Project is a collaborative eﬀort being undertaken by the Keeyask Hydropower Limited Partnership - a partnership between Manitoba Hydro and four partner First Nations: Tataskweyak Cree Nation, War Lake First Nation; York Factory First Nation and Fox Lake Cree Nation. The generating station is located on the Nelson River approximately 30 kilometers west of Gillam, in the Split Lake Resource Management Area and within the ancestral homeland of the four partner First Nations. Keeyask is one of several renewable and clean power projects that B e c h te l i s s u p p o r t i n g to h e l p customers on their path to net-zero emissions. (Source: Bechtel)

HYDRO BALKANS international institutions such as the World Bank and International Finance Corporation.” Commenting on the initiative, Benet Beci, Executive Director of KESH, stated: “On behalf of the Albanian Power Corporation, I feel honoured for being part of this programme, as the largest electricity producer in the country and in the region. Our future challenges concern increasing the energy production and ensuring electricity independence, while at the same time, ensuring a positive environmental and social presence in the communities living close to hyd ro p owe r p l a n t s , a s wel l a s promoting sustainable social, economic and environmental development. Therefore, we are committed to adopt the best practices and standards of sustainable hydropower.”

New Initiative to Support Sustainable Hydropower in the Western Balkans Across Europe's Western Balkans region, demand is growing for the reliable, pollution-free renewable energy that hydropower can provide. Yet local communities can be divided over its merits, with some campaigners seeking to bring a halt to new projects. For National Licensing Authorities, the challenge is to assess whether proposed Hydropower Schemes are sustainable for the environment and livelihoods.

and Herzegovina, Kosovo, North Macedonia, Montenegro and Serbia. I n t e r n a t i o n a l ly R e c o g n i z e d Guidelines Alain Kilajian, Senior Sustainability Specialist at IHA, stated : “One of the main outcomes of this programme of support will be to ensure local stakeholders from the Western Balkans are better equipped with the necessary tools to understand and assess the sustainability performance of hydropower projects in line with internationally recognized guidelines”.

To address such concerns, the International Hydropower Association (IHA), the Albanian Power Corporation (KESH) and the Swiss government's State Secretariat for Economic Aﬀairs (SECO) are today launching a new initiative in the Western Balkans designed to support Authorities, Investors and Developers to implement international good practices in Hydropower Development.

“Reaching key decision-makers as well as non-governmental organizations (NGOs), the training programme will strengthen institutional capacity and widen awareness about the good practice requirements expected of all hydropower projects and provide a common language to discuss important sustainability concerns in the region.”

Starting in early 2021, the three-year initiative will see IHA Sustainability, t h e o r g a n i z a t i o n' s n o n - p ro i t subdivision, work with project developers, alongside regulators, investors and civil society organizations from Albania, Bosnia

“The aim is to ensure hydropower projects comply with the Hydropower Sustainability Tools, a set of guidelines and assessment tools developed by governments, industry and social and environmental NGOs. These tools are aligned with lending criteria used by

T h e t ra i n i n g p ro g ra m m e w i l l examine all aspects of project development, including siting and design, community consultation, biodiversity and environmental risk management. With a combination of face-to-face workshops, e-learning and webinars, in-country and remote support, participants will become pro icient in using the Hydropower S u s t a i n a b i l i t y To o l s a n d w i l l participate in an assessment of a hydropower project in Albania. Patrik Meier, Deputy Head of Mission at the Swiss Embassy in Albania, stated: “All hydropower plants aﬀect water resources and have an impact on the environment and livelihoods of aﬀected communities. Hydropower sustainability is more relevant than ever to address climate change and economic development. I am happy that this new initiative will contribute to increase the sustainability of hydropower projects while complying with international standards.” IHA Sustainability has successfully delivered multiple capacity building programmes across the world including with the World Bank in the Zambezi River Basin, with the Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation in Nepal and Myanmar, and with SECO in Ghana and Indonesia. (Source: International Hydropower Association)

HYDRO RATNA – YOGENDRA PRASAD – A TRIBUTE

Hydro Buzz – Turkey

GE Renewable Energy Completes New 500 MW Lower Kaleköy Hydropower Plant in Turkey GE Renewable Energy Hydro Solutions has provided 3 x 155 MW Francis turbines and related equipment for the Lower Kaleköy project Ÿ The new Hydropower Plant has been connected to the grid and of icially started commercial operations Ÿ The Lower Kaleköy Project is another large-scale national energy infrastructure project that GE Hydro Solutions has built with t h e Ka l e h a n E n e r g y G r o u p following the Beyhan-1 and the U p p e r Ka l e kö y H y d r o p o w e r Station Ÿ

GE Renewable Energy has successfully completed the Lower Kaleköy Hydropower plant at the Lower Kaleköy Dam in Turkey. Now that the last of three units has been connected to the grid, the plant has gone into full commercial operation. As leader in a consortium, Hydro Solutions has provided a total of three 155 MW Vertical Francis Turbines including the control system, the balance of plant and the switchyard for the hydroelectrical powerplant . With its 500 MW installed capacity, Lower Kaleköy will be the sixth largest Hydropower plant by installed capacity in Turkey developed by the private sector. Thanks to the new plant, about one

million people will be supplied with clean energy. “Today Turkey is only using 60% of its economical hydroelectrical potential. For us at Kalehan Energy, the Lower Kaleköy Hydropower plant is a crucial milestone in making our vision a reality of Turkey utilizing its national hydroelectric energy potential in the most ef icient way and supplying its e n e r g y d e m a n d i n a n environmentally–friendly, clean and sustainable manner. Lower Kaleköy is also the irst of its kind hydropower plant in Turkey with a composite dam body design, which comprise both, a reinforced concrete dam body and an Asphalt Core Embankment Dam. In addition, it is the irst hybrid power plant in Turkey with 500 MW hydro and 80 MW solar powerplant under the same license,” said Gültekin Keles, General Manager at Kalehan Energy Group. GE Hydro Solutions built the turbines at its manufacturing facility in Taubate, Brazil. The irst unit was completed in May 2020. Units two and three followed in November and December last year, allowing Kalehan Energy to bring the power plant into commercial operation. “Congratulations to Kalehan Energy and all the parties involved on the successful start of commercial

HYDRO RATNA – YOGENDRA PRASAD – A TRIBUTE

operations of the Lower Kaleköy Hydropower plant. The fact that the plant is now up and running is clear proof of the commitment and the resilience of the entire team that completed the project against the backdrop of the pandemic and the challenges that came with it,” said Pascal Radue, CEO of GE Renewable Energy Hydro Solutions. He added “I am very proud to see GE Hydro Solutions at the forefront of hydropower development in Turkey. As GE Renewable Energy, we have delivered one out of ive operational turbines and one generator out of three under operation in the country since early 20th century.” Located on the Murat River, Lower Kaleköy is the third project executed by GE in the same region on behalf of the Kalehan Energy Group. Before that, GE Hydro Solutions completed the Beyhan-1 and Upper Kaleköy hydropower plants. Turkey is a rich country in terms of hydroelectric sources. Although the level of installed Hydropower capacity is quite important with over 28.8 GW overall, eight GW of run of river plants, and 20.8 reservoir dams, there is still an additional economical potential of up to 50 GW. The country has seen a six percent annual average growth rate in energy demand over the past 15 years. (Source: General Electric )

Climate Change – Water & Energy

Impacts of Climate Change on Our Water and Energy Systems: It's Complicated A Team of Researchers from Berkeley Lab, UC Berkeley, and UC Santa Barbara propose a framework for evaluating Climate Change adaptations, provide a case study of California. As the planet continues to warm, the twin challenges of diminishing water supply and growing energy demand are intensifying. But because water and energy are inextricably linked, as we try to adapt to one challenge – say, by getting more water via desalination or water recycling – we may be worsening the other challenge by choosing energyintensive processes. So, in adapting to the consequences of climate change, how can we be sure that we aren't making problems worse? Now, researchers at the Department of Energy's Lawrence Berkeley

National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab), UC Berkeley, and UC Santa Barbara have developed a science-based analytic framework to evaluate such complex connections between water a n d e n e r g y, a n d o p t i o n s f o r adaptations in response to an evolving climate. Their study, “Evaluating cross-sectoral impacts of climate change and adaptations on the energy-water nexus: A framework and California case study,” was published recently in the opena c c e ss j o u rn a l E nv i ro n m e n t a l Research Letters. “There have been many analyses on how climate change could aﬀect the water and energy sectors separately, but those studies were not typically looking at interactions and feedbacks between the two,” said lead Author Julia Szinai of Berkeley Lab's Climate and Ecosystem Sciences Division. “Our paper develops a generalized framework that identi ies how climate

change affects these coupled water and electricity systems, and potential adaptations to future gaps in supply and demand. By doing so, we illustrate often-overlooked tradeoffs and synergies in adapting to climate change.” “In developing this project, Julia led a remarkable effort to integrate the climate impacts and feedbacks bet ween the energy and water sectors,” said Co-Author Daniel Kammen, a Professor of Energy and Resources at UC Berkeley. “What is critical to planning our future under climate change is to capture – in both simpli ied and full dynamical models – how interdependent are our infrastructure choices.” In applying the framework they developed to California, which relies on the snowpack for a good deal of its water and expends signi icant amounts of energy to transport water

HYDRO RATNA – YOGENDRA PRASAD – A TRIBUTE

Climate Change – Water & Energy

from the northern to the southern part of the state, they found that there are two possible adaptation p a t hways : o n e t h a t i s e n e rg y intensive and one that can actually save both water and energy.

“One of the most important points of the paper is that adapting our water system to climate change can either signi icantly exacerbate electricity grid stress, or on the lip side, it could help to alleviate it,” said Co-Author and Berkeley Lab Climate Scientist, Andrew Jones. “If we focus on adapting the water system by using big transfers of water across basins, or by using energy-intensive desalination, that's just going to make the electricity problem much more dif icult. If, on the other hand, we adapt the water system by conserving water, it's actually a win-win situation because you're also reducing the energy required for water.” Currently, a staggering 19% of California's electricity consumption goes toward water-related applications, such as treating it, transporting it, pumping it, and heating it. Additionally, about 15% of in-state electricity generation comes f r o m h y d r o p o w e r. S u c h interdependencies are referred to as the “Water-Energy Nexus”. The state has already seen some impacts that climate change could have on these highly interdependent water-energy systems; for example, extended

droughts and reduced snowpack have resulted in spikes in electricity consumption from groundwater pumping and hydropower de icits, which were made up by generating electricity using dirtier fossil fuels.

Looking ahead, the researchers integrated data across a number of fragmented studies to estimate the overall range of possible water and energy futures under various climate scenarios for the state at the end of the century. Their analysis found that the greatest direct climate change impact on the electricity sector in California will likely come from two factors: higher air conditioning loads and decreased hydropower availability. In the water s e c to r, t h e g re a te s t a n d m o s t uncertain impact of climate change is on future water supplies. In the worst case, available water supplies could decrease 25%, and in the best case could increase 46%. A p p ly i n g t h e i r f r a m e w o r k t o California's water-energy future, they found that, if the state were to adapt to the worst-case water scenario by choosing the most energy-intensive technologies, it could result in an energy imbalance as large as that caused by climate change itself (increased air conditioning use and decreased hydropower availability being the climate change factors having the

HYDRO RATNA – YOGENDRA PRASAD – A TRIBUTE

greatest direct energy imbalance impact). “I think this is the irst study to show that water sector adaptation can have as large of an impact on the electricity sector as the direct effect of climate change itself,” said Jones. “So, if we pursued the energy-intensive path to water sector adaptation then it is as large as the direct effect of climate change, in the worst case.” Co-Author, Ranjit Deshmukh, a Professor of Environmental Studies at UC Santa Barbara and Facult y Scientist at Berkeley Lab, noted, “Going forward, the electricity sector could leverage its close coupling with the water sector to enable balancing of increasing wind and solar generation in California as the state strives to meet its low-carbonemission goals. For example, energyintensive equipment such as water pumps or desalination plants, with adequate water storage, could be operated during times of plentiful solar and wind energy, and turned off at other times.” Next, Szinai, a UC Berkeley graduate student, said she plans to develop detailed models of both water and electricity systems so researchers can run simulations under various climate change and climate change adaptation scenarios, ultimately aiding planners in building out both t h e e l e c t r i c a l g r i d a n d wa t e r resources. “This study has highlighted the bene it of coordinated adaptation planning between the two sectors, so we're now linking a more detailed water resources management model and an electricity planning model that can demonstrate resilient pathways for building out electricity infrastructure in the Western U.S. when climate change impacts are included from the water sector,” she said. This study was supported by the United States Department of Energy (US-DoE), Of ice of Science and the National Science Foundation (NSF). It is part of DOE's HyperFACETS project. (Source: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory)

In One Second, our Sun produces enough Energy to meet the current needs of the entire Earth for 5,00,000 Years.

Additionally, IKRATOS is also in discussion for establishing mega projects MoUs / Mandate(s) with competitive PPA's ranging from @ US$ 3 cents - US$ 4 cents per KwH (Most competitive & aggressive tariffs on levelized basis in the country) with various Indian Provincial (State) governments for developing MW scale State-of-the-Art Technology Solar PV & Solar Thermal Power Plants - to be among the Largest such project in Asia. The project is backed by World Class Technologies with an aim to provide long term positive disruption for delivering affordable competitive power as envisioned by the government of India's theme of 'Power Access for All” with Solar and Renewable Energy in the lead. IKRATOS is committed to deliver 'Competitive Solar' in the most Challenging Market Environments. IKRATOS Solargie Pvt. Ltd. (ISPL) is founded by a leading group of technology initiative experts and visionaries with the Best and proven experiences in the Solar and Renewable Energy Sector Project Conception, Development and Implementation.

‘LOWEST Solar Tariff’ offered for Haryana MoU – HAREDA – HPCC for PPA @ Rs. 2.92 per KwH (Unit) – 25 Years levelized Tariff basis for 1000 MWp proposed (250 MWp x 4 Phases). This is the Lowest Discovered Tariff under ‘SWISS CHALLENGE’ for Haryana (Circa 2017).

Corporate Office : 218, Gopi Cine Mall, Nana Shankar Seth Road, Dombivli (W), Thane - 421 202 Mumbai Metropolitian Region, Maharashtra, INDIA Mobile : +91 – 92232 07245 / 75887 13573 | E-mail : ikratossolargie@gmail.com / ikratosindia@gmail.com

FM/IKRATOS-2021/ENERTIA

IKRATOS Solargie has signed an MoUs with State (Provincial) Governments in INDIA, Dept. of Renewable Energy for 1500 MWp Solar Energy Projects to be powered with State-of-the-Art advanced SPV (Solar Photovoltaic) System & Technology using German Engineering and know how. The company is also planning to demonstrate large-scale (GW Scale) Solar + Battery Backup Grid Integrated Hybrid Pilot Power Plants for Sustainable Grid Supply.