Data Center Cooling update by Emerson Network Power

Cooling Trends Update

Fred Stack VP Marketing Liebert Precision Cooling

Agenda  Market Trends & Liebert Technology Answers  Liebert CRV market acceptance  Liebert DSE (early introduction)

Data Center Market Complexity  Increasing Heat Density & Dynamic Server Operation  Influence from a range of Decision Makers

– Consulting Eng, IT, Facilities, etc  Breadth of Products available – Many New Ideas

– IT Equipment, Racks, Cooling approaches Driving  Emphasis on Energy Efficiency

– People ‘pulling levers’ before they know the real impact  Industry Regulation and Standards

– ASHRAE opening up the operating window – States are specifying minimum efficiency requirements and air economizers – LEED Certification  Multiple Customer Behaviors / Drivers

– Conservative versus Risk Takers 3

New Product Sales

High Density

(% launched in) Last 2 years – 54% Last 5 years – 68% Liebert XDP

Liebert SMART Aisle

Liebert XDC Liebert CRV DX

Liebert CRV CW Liebert XDR

Liebert XDKW

Liebert XDO

Water

CHIP Liebert XDS

Liebert DCD

Liebert XDV

Liebert XDF

Liebert Smart Row Liebert DS

RACK

Liebert ICS

Liebert MCR

Liebert Challenger 3000

ROW Liebert CW

Liebert InteleCool 2 Liebert Challenger 3000

Liebert Smart MOD

Refrigerant

Liebert DCP

Liebert XDH

Liebert Mini-Mate 2

ROOM Liebert Data Mate

Low Density 4

iCOM  Small Graphic Display

– – – – – –

Event log Temperature and humidity graphs Teamwork modes: No, 1, and 2 Standby / Lead-Lag Unit Wellness Service Contact information

 Large Graphic Display

– – – – – –

All small display features Spare parts list Unit Diary View status of all cooling units Control any cooling unit on network View system averages of entire cooling unit network 6

Controls Air flow management independent from capacity control during normal operation. Compressor / CW Valve

Air Flow

Sensor Location

Air Return

Under-floor

Air Return

●

Under Floor Pressure

●

Smart Aisle w/o Containment

●

Smart Aisle w/ Containment

Rack Input ●

● ●

Smart Aisle Cooling  Smart Aisle’s cooling algorithm is a control mode that allows iCOM to

manage air flow and cooling capacity independently.  It is a server centric solution meaning that it focuses on the inlet temperature to the servers  As the environment changes due to server utilization, equipment location changes and outside variables so does the iCOM controller  Adapts from no containment, to end containment, to full containment

Trends by Customer Type Small-Medium Businesses

Enterprise Traditional (Banks)

Simplicity #1

The Cloud

(Yahoo, Google, etc)

Uptime #1

Efficiency #1

Higher processing, higher heat generating equipment working its way into smaller spaces

Business dependent upon Sustainability of the DC

Business strategy based on Lowest operating costs - or Business based on multiple DC sites for sustainability

Issue: ď Ź Miss-information: every company has the optimal solution

Issue: ď Ź Data center monitoring and management ď Ź Cooling high heat densities efficiently and reliability

SMB Cooling Historic  Room Cooling

• • • • • •

Architecture: Perimeter / Ceiling Heat Density: <5 kW per rack Hot – Cold Aisle: Desired, not required Monitoring: Basic alarms Competitors: Building A/C User Desires: Reliable and hassle-free operation. Space

SMB Cooling Trend  Row based Cooling • • • • •

Architecture: Next to servers Heat Density: 5 - 30 kW per rack Hot – Cold Aisle: Required Monitoring: Full monitoring and control Competitors: Lots of new players, marketing is king • User Desires: Optimization for efficiency, latest technology and plethora features

Key Components 1) High-Efficiency precision cooling 2) Room-neutral design 3) Secure, lockable cabinets 4) Integrated fire suppression 5) Simple, integrated infrastructure 6) Plenums provide efficient airflow 7) Integrated back-up fans 8) Infrastructure management 9) Sealed enclosures 10) Reliable UPS 11) Flexible rack PDU 12) Cable knock-outs 13) Distribution panel

Liebert CRV Row Based Precision Cooling • Temperature and Humidity control • Energy efficient, load matching - Digital scroll compressor, 20-100% cooling capacity modulation - Variable speed EC plug fans

• Equally Flexible as your data center is Dynamic - Real-time environmental control - Automatic performance optimization - Adaptive component monitoring

Liebert CRV Models Type

Nominal Size

Voltages 3ph / 60Hz

Dimensions wxdxh

Air

20kW

208V

W/G

2450 CFM (max 2887)

24 x 43 x 78 in 600 x 1100 x 2000 mm

Air

35kW

W/G

3260 CFM (max 4006)

208V 460V

24 x 43 x 78 in 600 x 1100 x 2000 mm

208V 460V

24 x 43 x 78 in 600 x 1100 x 2000 mm

208/230 V 1 PH

12 x 43 x 78 in 600 x 1100 x 2000 mm

40kW

3325 CFM (max 3854)

30kW

(Half Rack)

3300 CFM

Liebert CRV Standard Features Common to all units  Liebert iCOM control system with Large graphic display  Variable speed EC plug fans  Field adjustable supply air baffle (not on Half rack)  Dual-float condensate pump  Locking-disconnect switch  IntelliSlot Web Card  Hydrophilic coated coil  Stainless steel drain pan  Filter clog detection with alarm  Remote rack sensors  Top and bottom connections  Front and rear only access  Installation casters and leveling feet Unique to 24” wide units  Canister humidifier  Electric reheat, single stage  MERV 8 rated filters

DX UNITS  Digital scroll compressor with

RotoLocks  410A refrigerant  Crankcase heater

W/G UNITS  Brazed plate condenser with threaded water connections  2 or 3-way water/glycol valve  230psi max system pressure CW UNITS  2 or 3-way chilled water valve  230psi max system pressure  Dual input power option

Component Layout â&#x20AC;&#x201C; DX System Variable Speed EC Plug Fans

Air Filters

Electric Panel Temperature and Humidity Sensor

Temperature Sensor

Airstream Divider with Service Access

Electric Reheats

Canister Humidifier

Condensate Pump

Digital Scroll Compressor

Coiling Coil

Casters and leveling feet

Field Adjustable Modular Baffle

ď Ź Readjust baffles as

cooling needs and room layout changes 17

NEW Liebert CRV 30      

Dual-input 208/230V–1ph–60Hz with auto-transfer switch 5 variable speed, hot-swappable fans Condensate pump 3-way valve, field adjustable to 2-way All connections available through top and bottom of unit Back draft damper – Closes during fan failure or unit off to prevent undesired air movement between aisles

Liebert CRV installations for Reference  NY School of Visual Arts  Cyber Development  Souderton School District  Medical Center Boulevard  Imaging Sciences  Gridway  Coppin State

Liebert CRV at Souderton School District, PA  Situation:

– Reliably support growth and increasing role of technology in classrooms and offices

– Needed significant infrastructure upgrade – Space limited, “data-center-in-a-classroom model  Solution: SmartAisle intelligent infrastructure

with Liebert CRV – Row-based, integrated, modular high efficiency precision cooling, power and monitoring

– Cold aisle containment  Results:

– Deployed solution with full functionality within 3 weeks of start date

– Upgraded district IT capabilities to meet challenges in availability, capacity and efficiency

– Deployed SmartAisle infrastructure with minimal room upgrades and renovations

– Provided school district officials with an expansion path to support future growth 20

Liebert CRV at Cyber Development, Chicago, IL  Situation:

– Support expansion efforts with an enterprise infrastructure optimized for efficiency and flexibility  Solution: SmartDesign enterprise infrastructure with Liebert CRV  Results:

– Increased efficiency and capacity through enhanced cooling – Achieved typical availability levels in excess of “six-nines” (99.999 percent uptime), resulting in zero unplanned downtime over a 12-month period

– Reduced energy bills though integration of supplemental cooling, cold aisle containment and other innovative cooling strategies

– Maintained a PUE below 1.5, earning the facility the title of “Most Energy Efficient Data Center in the Chicago Metropolitan Area”

Liebert CRV at Cyber Development, Chicago, IL “We designed our cooling infrastructure with a ‘tri-density’ approach, meaning that we provide enough cooling capacity to allow our customers to triple their density over the life of their deployment. As a customer increases their density over time, they can leverage supplemental, row-based cooling to efficiently and conveniently accommodate growth without sacrificing the benefits of our 2N infrastructure.” Jack Pressman, chief technology officer, Cyber Development Group International

Trends by Customer Type Small-Medium Businesses

Enterprise Traditional (Banks)

Simplicity #1

The Cloud

(Yahoo, Google, etc)

Uptime #1

Efficiency #1

Higher processing, higher heat generating equipment working its way into smaller spaces

Business dependent upon Sustainability of the DC

Business strategy based on Lowest operating costs - or Business based on multiple DC sites for sustainability

Issue: ď Ź Miss-information: every company has the optimal solution on

Issue: ď Ź Data center monitoring and management ď Ź Cooling high heat densities efficiently and reliability

Enterprise Cooling - Issue  While row based cooling offers significant efficiency and

performance benefits, the appropriate size cooling “building blocks” must be used to retain the dividends. SMB

Enterprise

Liebert Approach - Sustainability

Room

Row

Except for The Cloud Focus is only on Economizers

Room DX, CW, Pumped Refrig, Free cooling

Chip

Environmental Family Of Products  X-treme Density (8 – 30 kW capacity per module)

– Refrigerant based – Water based – Open Architecture  Floor Mount (3 – 60 tons capacity)

– – – – – –

Liebert CW Liebert DS Industrial Cooling System Challenger3000 Challenger ITR Liebert CRV  Heat Rejection (3 -120 tons) – Condensers – Drycoolers – Pump Packages  Integrated Enclosures (Closed Architecture 14 – 25 kW) – XDF – XDK 25

Liebert XD Architecture

High Density Solutions Flexibility - Extends Your Existing Infrastructure Investment       

On demand, plug-and-play flexibility to add additional capacity Cooling at the source of heat with advanced compact heat exchangers Multiple module configurations to meet any data center layout Works with any brand of racks Cooling fluid is a gas (no water) Self-regulating capacity 100% sensible cooling

•Hot aisle – cold aisle configuration •Hot spots, zones and hot rooms

Liebert XDR – Rear Door Cooling Unit  Passive rear door cooling module

– Available in 10, 20, 32 & 40 kW models  High Energy Efficiency

– – – –

No Cooling Unit fans – server air flow only Optimal containment system Allows data centers to be designed in a “cascading” mode Efficiency SCOP = 132 vs best CW unit = 15.8

 Simplifies the cooling requirements

– Solves problem for customers without hot & cold aisles – No electrical connections

Key Installations      

Sandia Nat’l Labs – 70 units (XDR40) Bureau of Meteorology (Australia) – 6 units (XDR40) KISTI (Korea) – 34 units (XDR40) Telstra (Australia) – 8 units (XDR20) AT&T (Reno) – 2 units (XDR20) Longevity test LBNL Chill-off – 8 units(XDR20) Chill-off 2 performance 28

Liebert XDS Spec Data  36 1U server slots with cold plate    



cooling (tested to 600W per 1U slot) 3U standard server slots, non-cooled (for switches, etc.) Rack is 45U tall by 800mm wide by 1200mm deep 20kW cooling capacity Standard Liebert XD refrigerant connections to Liebert XDP (pumping unit) Eliminates the server fans

Do you need a Chiller ? Cooling Tower

 Test by LBNL & Sun proved full capacity with 80 F water

– A wet bulb temperature below 75 F means no chiller required

Types of Economizers Chilled Water Systems

DX – Refrigerant Cooling Systems

 Fluid Economizers

 Glycol System

– Parallel Chiller Tower – Series Chiller Tower – Series Air Cooled

– Drycooler – Cooling Tower  Refrigerant only system – Pumped Refrigerant

● Air Economizers Direct Indirect Evaporative

The Issues - Failures Happen  Fluid Economizers

– Water Usage – complexity of valve system and .Controls – Freezing weather – Transient Change over – Capital Cost

 DX Glycol Systems

– Hours of Free cooling – “extra coil” air pressure drop  Pumped Refrigerant – New Technology

● Air Economizers Humidity Control Contamination Freezing coils Transient Change over Cost of Indirect Systems

Economizer Hours Dependent on Temperature Bin Data – Shown for Chicago, IL Temp bins Dry bulb hrs WB @ DB bin Ave Dew point

below 5

5-9

130 2

10-14 112 5.9 2

15-19 152 10.5 7

20-24 226 15.3 12

25-29 317 19.9 17

30-34 511 24.7 22

35-39 744 29.5 27

Dry Bulb Bin Data 45-49 50-54 55-59

40-44 783 33.9 24

622 38.1 29

597 42.3 34

586 46.6 39

60-64 611 51.1 44

65-69 689 55.7 49

70-74 729 60.1 54

75-79 755 64.2 59

80-84 578 67.1 55

85-89 361 69.5 60

90-94 179 72.1 57

above 95 63 74.7 62

Hours of “Free” Economization dependent on Technology & Aisle Temp Cold Aisle 70 F Hot Aisle 95 F

Fluid Economizers  Parallel Chiller Tower  Series Chiller Tower  Series Air Cooled Air Economizers  Direct  Indirect

54% 54+45% 48+38% 45% 78% + 21%

Glycol System  Drycooler 48+38%  Cooling Tower 48+52% Pumped Refrigerant only system  Dry Condenser 41+45%  Evap Condenser 56+44%

13 62

ASCOP by City Technology  Fluid Economizers – Parallel Chiller Tower – Series Chiller Tower  Air Economizers – Direct – Indirect  Glycol System – Drycooler – Cooling Tower  Refrigerant only system – Pumped Refrigerant

ASCOP Chicago Atlanta LA 7.0

5.9

5.3

7.3

7.6

6.2

5.5

7.9

6.0

6.5

8.8

6.0

2.8

2.4

2.3

2.8

8.5

6.9

8.6

 Conditions

– 70 F CA, 95 F HA, CW 50/62 F 20% redundancy 34

Boston

Variable-Capacity Cooling •

IT loads have a large variation in cooling and airflow requirements

– Virtualization, power management, new equipment •

Need to match cooling capacity with the IT load

– Eliminates over cooling and improves cooling efficiency with reduced cycling

Chilled Water Units DX Units • Valve (CW) / airflow • Compressor unloading / airflow • Variable airflow • Variable compressors – Reducing fan speed by 20% – Multi-step / digital reduces power consumption by 50% – Higher EER point – VFD retrofit kits are available 35

Liebert DSE – A New High Efficiency Extension to the Liebert DS Line  Higher rating – 125 kW Sensible @75°F/45 RH

– 24,000 CFM EC Fans – Capable of 95°F return air temperatures – R410a refrigerant  New to the World Technologies – Tandem Digital Scroll Compressors – New evaporator coil design • Staged “A” coil • Electronic Expansion Valve – Optional EconoPhase free cooling

System Overview

(2)Global MC Condenser

DA125 (Indoor Unit) EconoPhase Module

Liebert DA125 Air Cooled Layout

78”

22”

120”

144” L w/panels, 94” H w/filter plenum 38

Liebert DS 125 Water/Glycol 76 inches

76 â&#x20AC;&#x153;

43 ~22 inches

22 inches

120

120 inches DS125

Water Cooled ~165 inches overall length with panels Not Compatible with EconoPhase 39

Compressor Efficiency Curves Standard Thermal Expansion Valve Conventional expansion valve limits higher efficiencies

Evaporator Temperature

55F 50F 45F Lower Ambient, larger condenser

Condensing Temperature 55 F

65 F 75 F 85 F Typical Ambient Temperature

95 F 40

Compressor Efficiency Curves Electronic Expansion Valve

Evaporator Temperature

55F 50F 45F Lower Ambient, larger condenser

Condensing Temperature 55 F

65 F 75 F 85 F Typical Ambient Temperature

95 F 41

Staged Coil  Each coil is circuited to maximize surface area  Each circuit is individually controlled

1 2

2 DSE coil cross-section

Increasing Condenser Efficiency  Larger heat exchanger surface  Reduce coil pressure drop to reduce motor amps

– Larger coil surface – Change coil surface type

PRESSURE

Refrigerant, Pressure - Enthalpy

LIQUID

LIQUID/VAPOR MIX

XD Modules

VAPOR

TRADITIONAL VAPOR COMPRESSION CYCLE XD PUMPED TWO PHASE CYCLE PUMPED REFRIGERANT ECONOMIZER CYCLE

ENTHALPHY

What about using an existing refrigerant system? Summer operation Condenser

Check Valve

Solenoid Refrigerant Valve Pump

Check Valve Check Valve

Electronic expansion valve

Evaporator

Compressor

What about using an existing refrigerant system? 35ยบF ambient air

Winter operation

45ยบF refrigerant Condenser

Check Valve

Solenoid Refrigerant Valve Pump

Check Valve Check Valve

Electronic expansion valve

Evaporator

Compressor

Refrigerant pump ~ 1/20 of compressor power 46

DA125 With EconoPhase Efficiency vs. outdoor temperature 85째F DB 64째F WB INDOOR 40 100% of Full Load 90% of Full Load

80% of Full Load 30 70% of Full Load 60% of Full Load

25 SCOP

50% of Full Load 20

0 -20

100

OD Temperature [F] 47