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portfolio of selected work
e i l e e n
b u r k e
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contents
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pg. 1 - 6
symbiotic production architecture for aquaculture
pg. 7 - 12
natu ra l expa nsi o n l e
pg. 13 - 18
p o ta g e r
d u
r o i
perception threshold a children's museum
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la kefro nt passag e o r g a n i c t r a n s f o r m at i o n
pg. 25 - 28
role reversal an urban infill study
pg. 29 - 32
tout le monde a m o d e r n pa r i s i a n s pa
sym b i oti c pro d u cti o n | | | | | | | | | | architecture for aquaculture program professor course semester
fish halls/algae production plant/biomass plant/administration center/power plant R. Hammann ARCH 573 Spring 2011 Team project with M. Murphy
In order to meet the growing demands caused by a large increase in human population, long-established food supply methods have shifted. There continues to be a high demand for animal-based protein, however, countries must meet these high demands by establishing additional sources of protein for its people. By growing algae and raising fish in a controlled and sustainable environment, Symbiotic Production Inc. is responding to this demand. The revolutionary process of fish farming aims to raise fish in both an economic and sustainable fashion and provides the population with a low-cost and low-energy alternative to animal-based protein. This agricultural production facility in Seoul, South Korea is designed to reduce the impact of the built structure on the site and take advantage of thermal mass and sun path to maximize energy efficiency. Similarly, the site uses water from the nearby Go-duck Creek to assist in the growth of the fish and algae. Bio-fuels and a cogeneration system reduce the energy usage of the plant. Together, all components provide the country of South Korea with high-volume food production for the growing population.
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I N T E G R AT E D C O M P O N E N T S
The agricultural production facility relies on efficiency and a streamlined process to maximize product and minimize cost. Integration of building components and production processes contributes to the success of the facility. By maintaining a linear plan, production can easily flow from start to finish. The agricultural fish product is grown in underground tanks until ready to be harvested and shipped to nearby markets and transport facilities. Underground water channels carry the harvested fish to the processing station; processed fish is then lowered into the shipping facility; while transport vehicles are waiting to carry the fish to their final destination. Product waste is collected, cleaned and processed before entering the city system. While the growth and harvesting occurs below ground, daily business operations perform work above ground with access to natural light and ventilation. Transparent walls connects the offices to the underground production facility and allows both executives and laborers to interact. A vertical connection is established between the underground fish facility and above-ground business offices through the tall algae bioreactors. These algae towers relay on the photovoltaic rays of the sun to grow food to sustain the thousands of fish that grow below ground. The surrounding community is integrated into the production process, as well, through the green glowing algae towers that showcase the technology of the plant.
north elevation
site plan
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Solar Shading ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ Passive Heating ............................................................................................................................................................................... Green Roof .................................................................................................................................................................... Thermal Mass ........................................................................................................................
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Photovoltaic Panels .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Ground Temp: Winter: 4C Summer: 18 C
south elevation
S U S TA I N A B L E SYS T E M S
The production facility relies on sustainable components to maximize efficiency. The thermal mass of the ground creates a stable environment for fish growth. Light wells at grade level provide light into the underground space. The tall algae bioreactors utilize the sun’s rays to spur photosynthesis for growth. The design of the office building emphasizes passive heating and cooling. A large earth berm built from excavated soil creates a visual and noise buffer between the nearby highway.
b
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N
a ground level floor plan b
a b
a below grade floor plan
section a
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6
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Hollow Structural Steel (HSS) ....................................................................................................................... Light Diffusing Glass ...................................................................................................................... Glass Photo Bioreactor .....................................................................................................................................
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1 ..............................
Algae Environment Regulator .................................................................................................................................. Algae Collector/Processor ..................................................................................................................................
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Algae Centrifuge ...........................................................................................................................
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1. Precast Concrete Panel ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 125 mm R = 0.38
2. Ventilated Cavity ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 30 mm R = 1.0 .........
3. Windproof Layer ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............. 4. Thermal Insulation ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 120 mm R = 17.0
5. Double Insulation Low-E Glass .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. R = 4.05 6. Vapor Barrier ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 7. Reinforced Concrete Wall ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 300 mm R = 17.0
section b
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n at u r a l e x p a n s i o n l e
p o ta g e r
program professor course semester
d u
r o i
expanded facilities for an existing museum / landscape school J. Viaud ARCH 373 Spring 2008 / Versailles, France
Though the original Potager du Roi facilities were more than adequate for King Louis XIV in the seventeenth century, they do not function sufficiently to meet the needs of today’s users. Formerly the imperial vegetable gardens for the royal palace of France, today the Potager serves as a garden museum and landscape architecture school for the residents of suburban Paris. The museum and school currently inhabit the original buildings that have occupied the site for over three hundred years. This expansion project required each student to provide various exhibition /gallery spaces, restaurants, and a museum store and auditorium to serve both students of the school and visitors to the gardens. Four existing stone walls that separate the buildings from the large garden were to be incorporated into the design and were not allowed to be altered. Beyond the stone walls, the garden utilizes modern gardening techniques to create highly symmetric and artistic growing patterns for the some 5,000 fruit trees that grow within the garden walls. Burke |
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a
f u n c t i o n . c o l o r . f o r m . n at u r e .
A potager garden is a French gardening method of creating an ornamental vegetable garden; flowers and herbs are often planted with vegetables to enhance the beauty of the garden. The goal of the potager is to grow food in an aesthetically pleasing way. Plants are chosen as much for their functionality as for their color and form. Oftentimes they are trained to grow upwards. The Potager du Roi in Versailles uses these gardening techniques in their own growing methods. The garden is a common tourist destination in the community as well as a place for families and students to enjoy free time. Incorporation of traditional potager gardening methods unites this Potager du Roi expansion with its historic site. The modern and austere buildings blend seamlessly with their natural surroundings without detracting from the beauty of the landscape. Each building serves a distinct function, much like the plants chosen for the garden itself.
south elevation
7.
b
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_01 restaurant
_02 restaurant
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c visitor center floor plan
functional separation PROGRAM 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Student Cafe / Library Reception Space Restaurant Exhibition / Gallery Space Visitor Center
6. 7. 8. 9.
Museum / Garden Store Outdoor Space Auditorium Tickets
section c
6. 9.
minimalist form
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In order to not detract from the beauty of the gardens, each building was designed as a simple geometric form against the existing stone walls. Each building remains at one story below the height of the wall except for a single Cor-ten steel cube that rises above. From the garden these four cubes dramatically rise above the height of the wall, appearing to grow out of the earth. The second level of the cube provides expansive views of the garden beyond.
typical section b
typical section a
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s i t e i n t e g r at i o n
Cubes constructed of bold Cor-ten steel anchor and ground each building to the earth. The natural color and texture of the material forms a unique relationship to the surroundings and site.
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percepti o n th r esh o ld | | | | | | | | | | a children's museum program professor course semester
exhibition/activity/outdoor museum space S. Hicks ARCH 475 Fall 2008
Earl Prize Nominee
The natural environmental and lifestyle cycles of a city are often disconnected from urban buildings. Many act as containers, sheltering what is within from what is occurring on the outside. This prevents important connections between the barrier of interior and exterior. Through one simple gesture of opening up the street to the sky above this children’s museum brings together the separate cycles of the city into one container. New perceptions are created through alterations in space and threshold, leading users to question traditional building design. This is accomplished through an exterior atrium that opens to the city above though enclosed by the museum on all sides, allowing direct interaction between the cycles and users of each. Circulation within the museum flows continuously around the atrium, presenting the user with various scales of perception. These scales are created through design choices that produce parallels in the juxtaposition of space through various thresholds. As the daily cycles of city and environment progress throughout each day, week, month, and year, new perceptions are created within each position in the building. A continuous flow of energy enlivens the space and allows for a positive atmosphere of learning and discovery. Burke |
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perception threshold
Variations in threshold create alterations in the way that users experience the building. Various locations within the building allow for different perceptions and views. The traditional solid exterior is set away from the curtain wall of the building and is broken up by offset concrete panels creating a distinct separation between interior and exterior. The user looks inward towards the interior atrium where the facade consists of a series of glass louvers that line both sides of a glass curtain wall. The louvers are positioned in a series of different angles allowing for manipulation of light and view, creating an infinite number of possible experiences. Skylights in the floor of the atrium allow the user above to interact with the pedestrians traveling through the streetlike passageway below . Openings in the floor within the museum allow for multiple interactions between child and museum. The child can slide into these occupiable skylights and look up or down to experience the museum from a different perspective.
solid
the building as a container
open up from street to sky
cycles move freely through atrium
cyclic circulation around atrium
light
up down exterior above below
section a
interior
interior / exterior
Pushing out sections of the facade and leaving a gap between the curtain wall lightens the presence of the building and increases the connection to the city. The solid panels appear to float in space, allowing for diffused light to enter the interior space while maintaining a barrier between in and out. Shadows travel across the facade with the sun, creating a connection to the natural cycles of the environment and adding a sense of playfulness and intrigue. Pedestrians and museum users each experience different perceptions of the building depending on their location.
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a
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i n t e r i o r at r i u m
The interior atrium is lined with reflective glass louvers set at different angles. With each hour of the day the movement and angle of the sun affect each interior space, creating unique experiences with every visit to the museum. As the user cycles throughout the museum, light and view are manipulated in different ways and perception of the atrium changes. The lightness of the interior facade is a direct contrast to the solidness of the exterior. Circulation travels around the interior atrium creating a cyclic experience for museum users. Ramps connecting each floor are also lined with glass louvers providing the user with constant interaction with the adjacent outdoor environment.
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section b
_03
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user interaction
Skylights in the atrium floor connect the public atrium space above to the pedestrian passageway below. The relationship between the two spaces is manipulated through variations in the way the two are perceived. The irregularity of the various skylights arouses curiosity in the user.
a b
A connection between user A, above, and user B, below, can be experienced three different ways. The first creates a typical connection between the two users, similar to that of a skylight. The second connection uses technology similar to a periscope, allowing each user to perceive the opposite space at an angle. The third connection drastically alters the user’s perception, as video screens placed in the floor and ceiling project images from each space.
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l a k e f r o n t pa s s a g e | | | | | | | | | | o r g a n i c t r a n s f o r m at i o n program professor course semester
education center/comfort station/ market stalls/lakefront path J. Malnar ARCH 571 Fall 2009 Team project with J. Plunkett
The dense urban context of Chicago’s Rogers Park neighborhood presents an abrupt edge to the shores of Lake Michigan. Multi-family condominium buildings limit the accessibility and view of the water to the majority of the community. This new design for a public, interactive lakefront park integrates the dense urban context into the landscape to soften the transition between city and nature. This is accomplished through engaging and relating the linear organization of the urban context to the rhythmic fluidity of the lake through the use of organic, yet systematic geometries. The linear organization of the surrounding Rogers Park community is extended to the water through a single expression, while the dynamic character of the lake continues its rhythmic movement into the site. The coexistence of land and building forms fluid, yet systematic geometries and obscures the boundary between land and water.
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site section a
b
b
site science
The site was created to allow for the natural movement of the water to extend up onto the landform, creating an undulating landscape that provides park users with a variety of hardscapes. A sand beach is oriented to the north to prevent erosion of the surrounding land. A peninsula creates the boundary for the beach, as well as an open destination for urban nature lovers. A flat playing field area is situated between the beach path and the street for park users to enjoy a variety of activities. At the rear of the site, a dry stormwater pond helps mitigate water runoff issues and creates natural topography as a buffer zone between the urban surroundings. Together, each component of the site works together to create a unique park setting in the busy urban area.
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e d u c at i o n c a f e
The undulating roof of the education cafe mimics the waves of the nearby lake and creates integration with the surrounding landscape. A wide curtain wall at the mouth of the room provides breathtaking views of Lake Michigan. The education cafe is the main building on the site and provides a versatile space for both education and presentation displays, as well as a cafe and meeting space. The display areas can be moved aside to create a large room for entertainment and lectures.
site section b
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c o m f o r t s tat i o n
The comfort station is situated at the rear of the site adjacent to the dry stormwater pond. Obscure glass walls allow natural light to penetrate the space, while maintaining privacy from the surround park. Narrow slits in the wall allow for instantaneous views from the front of the restroom area.
site section c
l a k e f r o n t pat h
A raised bridge extends the lakefront path in front of the existing housing structures and out over the water to create a unique experience for both bike riders and pedestrians. Two separate bridge paths separate the different users to allow for variation in speed and number.
site section d
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market stalls
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scenic overlook
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ro le r ev ersa l
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an urban infill study program professor course semester
architectural office/residence for Tadao Ando P. Armstrong ARCH 272 Spring 2007
Traditionally an architect would be the first to design a building for his or her own personal use. This project, however, gave the student the opportunity to learn about architectural philosophies and methods through the design of an office / residence for a particular architect. With no specific site, this project required extensive research unrelated to its location; rather research was directed toward the architectural work of Tadao Ando. This urban infill building was designed with some of the recurring themes found in Ando’s previous work such as light, water, and material form. The glass curtain wall on the facade resembles Ando’s traditional concrete blocks, however this reversal of material allows an abundance of light to enter the building through the south facade. Throughout the day, unique shadows dance across the circular concrete stairwell beyond. Instead of a solid concrete facade, passerbys can see through the glass curtain wall at the solid mass within, serving as an example and showcase of Ando’s work. Burke |
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geometric push / pull
The interior form and circulation were designed by dividing the building into geometrically proportional sections. A circular stair in the front of the building softens the strict geometry and unites each floor. Ando’s tendency to push and pull concrete forms is resembled in this building design. Circulation was pushed to the edges of the building to allow for each interior space to be easily accessible and relate to one another spatially. An overall feeling of lightness is present despite the abundance of solid concrete.
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south elevation
north elevation
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l i g h t / wat e r
The interior of the circular staircase introduces a simple water feature that adds a spiritual resonance throughout the office. The thin stream of falling water creates a sense of tranquility and also catches the sunlight providing unique reflections of light within the entrance atrium. Ando uses water frequently in his projects to introduce this sense of natural spiritual cleansing and meditation. Water combined with lighting effects is one of Ando’s recurring themes. Burke |
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t o u t l e m o n d e A m o d e r n pa r i s i a n s pa program professor course semester
modern hammam / spa facilities P. Arbor ARCH 371 Fall 2007 / Versailles, France Team project with W. Knuf
Located in the heart of the 19th arrondissement of Paris, the triangular site for this hammam / spa took advantage of the young community and residents that have congregated to the northern edge of the city. This up-andcoming area is in a process of revitalization and renewal. With a melting pot of ethnicities and ages, the neighborhood required a building that could cater to individuals of all interests, ages, and backgrounds. The site is located just off of the Quai de l’Oise, a narrow canal that carries water into the city. A walking path next to the canal provides residents with easy access to the nearby Parc de la Villette. Joggers, bikers, and families with strollers have become a common sight along the canal. The site is also surrounded by many apartment buildings, both new and old, which are mainly inhabited by young individuals new to the area. A bridge just east of the site serves as the main access point across the canal and into the heart of the city beyond. A sloped street to the west of the site connects the canal level to the streets above, serving as a main route of pedestrian and vehicular traffic. Burke |
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level change
The triangular site is surrounded by three different ground levels; each level serves a separate function and a distinct category of people. The highest level is the bridge to the east which is most often congregated by commuters traveling south into the heart of Paris. The sloped level to the west is used most often by residents of the area who may be out on a daily shopping trip. Lastly, the canal at the lowest level serves those walking along its edge including families, joggers, and students. This hamman and spa serves each of these groups in a different way. Stressed and busy commuters who pass by the spa each day are enticed by the warm wood exterior, tempting them to make an appointment and enjoy the comfort and relaxation within. Shoppers traveling from the main road above to the canal below enjoy access to the stores that line the street. Families and joggers along the canal can enjoy the lobby cafe or utilize street access to the exercise and family pools on the rooftop.
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62.5 m
61 m
53.5 m
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lobby / shops
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lobby / admin
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locker rooms
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spa / hammam
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lap pool
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family pool
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k r o w d e t c e l e s f o o i l o f tr o p
e k r u b
n e e l i e
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