Politecnico di Milano Scuola di Architettura Urbanistica Ingegneria delle Costruzioni
Garden of Gardens An Interfaith Memorial Park in Milan
Supervisor: Andreas Otto Kipar Author: Erica Boncaldo 862448 A.A. 2018 2019
Abstract
The requirements regarding places related to death and burials are changing. As a result of migratory phenomena European cities are increasingly assuming a multicultural character, different religious orientations coexist so that the definition of new spaces for ritual celebrations becomes necessary. At the same time and in an inverse way we are witnessing an increase of secularism in Western society along with the rise of new forms of spirituality. The combination of these two trends is testing the current organization of the cemetery, imposing essential adjustments aimed at obtaining proper spaces for funeral ceremonies of new religious minorities as well as for the celebration of laic farewell. The goal of this work is to design an interfaith memorial park, not only by giving an answer to the new burial needs in terms of functionality, but rather translating these demands with awareness, proposing a new model of space that represents the integration of different cultural, spiritual and ritual identities. From this perspective the cemetery can be considered as a cultural landscape, a burial park that supports diversity, where the theme of pluralism is interpreted as a “collection� of cultural and religious differences. Like in a picturesque garden in the new universal cemetery nature meets architecture, and different identities, places and landscapes are represented using artifice and metaphor, thus promoting an aesthetic of multiplicity and complexity instead of a neutral and uniform one. Milan, with its cosmopolitan identity, is the ideal scenario to experience this new form of cemetery, confirming and expanding its role as a leading city of cultural integration. The new interfaith cemetery could therefore represent an opportunity to realize this integration, becoming a symbol of coexistence between different religions and laic world, not only for the city of Milan and Italy, but all over the world.
Index
01 MANIFESTO
Meaning and goals of the project
02 FUNERAL RITUALS
Analysis of funeral rituals among different faiths
03 PLACES OF WORSHIP
Selection of case studies
04 UNITS
Composing dinstict space for each faith
05 UNITS RELATIONSHIP
Composing units together
06 PROTOTYPE
A new model of interfaith memorial park
07 MILANESE CONTEXT
Selection and analysis of the site
08 GARDEN OF GARDENS
An interfaith memorial park in Milan
01 MANIFESTO
Meaning and goals of the project
01 MANIFESTO
Meaning and goals of the project
Milan multicultural city Milan multicultural city
Foreign popula
Data taken from: “Rapp Osservatorio regionale s
1
Religion pluralism Milan foreign population divided by religion
2
Places of worship and communities of religious minorities 3
Orthodox Chr.
01
Foreign population numbers
1
Percentage of foreign population in the main Italian metropolitan cities
Milano
Firenze
14,2%
13%
Bologna
Venezia
11,7 %
Roma
12,8%
Torino
9,7%
9,9%
Forecast of the increase in foreign population in Milan in the coming years
450.000 400.000 350.000 300.000 250.000 200.000
20
35
30 20
25 20
20 20
20
15
10 20
05 20
20
00
100.000
Total number of foreign residents in Milan (metropolitan area)
459.109
(14,2%)
Distribuition of foreign citizen for major citizenship
Egypt
Philippines Peru
6,7%
12,2%
10,6%
Ecuador
Romania10,9% China
5,3%
Sri Lanka 4,7% Marocco 4,2% Data taken from: “Rapporto 2018 sull’immigrazione in Lombardia”, Osservatorio regionale sull’immigrazione e la multietnicità. 1
worship and communities religious minorities 3
What about spaces for the commemoration of the dead?
Albania
8,4%
4,8%
Others 32,7%
Protestantism
26.628
Atheism
Buddhism
Hinduism-Sikhism
Others
15.150
3.672
16.527
47.747
01 MANIFESTO
+ 7.000 italian Jews
Meaning and goals of the project
Data taken from: 2“Rapporto 2018 sull’immigrazione in Lombardia”, Osservatorio regionale sull’immigrazione e la multietnicità. 3 Comune di Milano website.
Data taken from: “Rapporto 2018 Osservatorio regionale sull’immigra
1
Religion pluralism
Religion pluralism
Milan foreign population divided by religion Milan cemeteries
Places of worship and c of religious mino
2
Milan foreign population divided by religion
Religion minorities inside cemeteries Places of Milan worship and communitiesBruzzano
2
of religious minorities
3
Orthodox Chr. Islam
Islam
Catholicism
151.046
125.336
Monumentale
125.336
Protestantism Protestantism Atheism
26.628
Buddhism
15.150
47.747
Atheism Others Hinduism-Sikhism
Lambrate
73.000
Catholicism
151.046 Orthodox Chr. 73.000
Wh the
26.628
Buddhism
Hinduism-Sikhism
Others
15.150
3.672
16.527 Maggiore
47.747 3.672 16.527
+ 7.000 italian Jews
Data taken from: 2“Rapporto 2018 sull’immigrazione in Lombardia”, Osservatorio regionale sull’immigrazione e la multietnicità. 3 Comune di Milano website. 2 Data taken from: “Rapporto 2018 sull’immigrazione in Lombardia”, Osservatorio regionale sull’immigrazione e la multietnicità. 3 Comune di Milano website.
+ 7.000 italian Jews
Milan cemeteries
Milan cemeteries
A new interfaith memorial park Religion minorities inside Milan cemeteries
Religion minorities inside Milan cemeteries What about What about places places for for the commemoration funeral cerimonies? of the dead?
Bruzzano
Opportunities
Need
Bruzzano
Lambrate Lambrate Creating
a multicultural public space Monumentale
Monumentale
Enhancing social cohesion
Universa experien
Maggiore
Promote diversity and multiplicity
Maggiore
WHA A new interfaith memorial park
al nce
Monumental
01 Maggiore
A new interfaith memorialNeed parkof proper space Need of proper spacefor the Need of proper space commemoration of the dead
A new interfaith memorial park
? ?
WHAT KIND OF PLACE WHAT KIND OF PLACE
Experienced
Universaldifferently experience
HUMAN COMPASSION
INTERFAITH MEMORIAL PARK
DEATH
Creating a multicultural public space
INTERFAITH MEMORIAL PARK
Experienced differently Mosaic of different identities
Universal space
HUMAN COMPASSION
Enhancing social cohesion
Promote diversity and multiplicity
Meaning of the project Meaning of the project DEATH
Opportunities
Universal space
PEACEFUL COEXISTENCE
PEACEFUL COEXISTENCE
Mosaic of different identities
02 FUNERAL RITUALS
Analysis of funeral rituals among different faiths
02 FUNERAL RITUALS
Analysis of funeral rituals among different faiths Placing into the coffin
Catholic Christianity
Mass for the dead “Requiem Mass” A Mass is offered for the repose of the soul of the deceased person.
Confession
Procession
Death Sacrament that brings the communion of the faithful with the body of Jesus Christ. Before death is performed for the last time.
Funeral wake
Dressing the body
(1 day before the funeral)
Eulogy
Last Eucharist “Viaticum”
Placing into the coffin
Orthodox Christianity
It’s the final ceremony of the funeral. A short prayer will be said by the minister.
Mass for the dead “Requiem Mass” A Mass is offered for the repose of the soul of the deceased person.
Confession
Rite of committal
Procession
Death Sacrament that brings the communion of the faithful with the body of Jesus Christ. Before death is performed for the last time.
Funeral wake
Dressing the body
(1 day before the funeral)
Eulogy
Last Eucharist
It’s the final ceremony of the funeral. A short prayer will be said by the minister.
“Viaticum”
Placing into the coffin
Protestant Christianity
Eulogy
Rite of committal
Procession
Dressing the body Death It’s the final ceremony of the funeral. A short prayer will be said by the minister.
Optionally, a mass is offered for the repose of the soul of the deceased. person.
Funeral wake (optional)
Mass for the dead “Requiem Mass”
Washing-Purification
Placing into
Rite of committal
02 Burial
Memorial mass A Mass could be offered in certain days, especially on the anniversary of death.
Body Disposal
Cremation
Burial
Mourning
Meal
Memorial mass A Mass could be offered in certain days, especially on the anniversary of death.
Body Disposal
Mourning
Meal
Burial
Memorial mass A Mass could be offered in certain days, especially on the anniversary of death.
Body Disposal
Cremation
Mourning
Unveiling of the tombstone
Funeral wake
ceremony of the funeral. A short prayer will be said by the minister.
is offered for the repose of the soul of the deceased. person.
(optional)
Rite of committal
Mass for the dead
02 FUNERAL RITUALS
“Requiem Mass”
Analysis of funeral rituals among different faiths Washing-Purification
Placing into the coffin
“Tahrah”
Judaism
Praying
Eulogy
Covering of the body
“Shema and Vidui”
Death Tearing the edge of clothes. This action symbolizes tearing the dead person from his family.
Watching over the body “Shmira”
The rending of garments
Shrouding
Funeral prayer
Washing-Purification
“Salat al-janaza” It is performed in congregation to seek pardon for the deceased and all dead Muslims.
“Ghusl”
Islam
“Keriah”
Face towards Qiblah (Mecca direction)
Burial
Death Covering of the body
Symbolically people pour three handfuls of soil into the grave .
Procession
Shrouding “Takfin”
Washing-Purification
Lying on the ground
Hinduism
“Ghusl”
The dying person is generally brought outside and laid on the ground, because earth is pure
Offering “Puja”
The body is honored offering flowers and incense.
Filling the grave
Burial
Death Pouring of water and butter
Dressing the body
Procession
Placing into
Placing the body on the pyre Paying last
Cremation
Mourning
Burial
Meal
02 Unveiling of the tombstone “Matzevah” In the day of the anniversary of death the family gathers at the cemetery to unveil the tombstone.
Body Disposal
Procession
Shoveling earth onto the coffin not passing the shovel, but leaving it on the ground so as not to pass the pain.
Mourning
Filling the grave
“Shiva”
Mourning
Body Disposal Praying
Pindas ceremony
Body Disposal
Cremation
Final Rite
Once the body has been burnt the son will crack the skull of the dead relative with a stick in order to release both the vital air and the soul.
Offering of robes
The day of scattering of the ashes 7 balls of rice (pindas) are thrown into the river. This ritual is done in order to lead the departed soul to the path of salvation.
Pinda ceremony (each day for 11 days)
Collecting the ashes
Dressing the body
Pouring of water and butter
Placing the body on the pyre
Procession
02 FUNERAL RITUALS
Analysis of funeral rituals among different faiths
Paying last respects
Placing into the coffin
Buddhism
Chanting
Monks perform a sermon
Covering of the body
“Parritas”
Death Dressing the body
Altar with a deceased photo is set up in front of the casket.
Preparing the altar
Placing into the coffin
Taoism
Eulogy
Chanting
Dressing the body
Money donations Chanting of Taoist Scriptures by the priest. The chanting is often drowned by the sound of flute and other instruments.
Death Covering the body
Wake
Burning ceremony
Readings
Placing into the coffin
Atheism
Reflections on the meaning of life and death through the reading of prose or poetic texts.
Dressing the body Death Funeral wake (optional)
Funeral guests burn joss paper called to free the deceased’s spirit from the underworld.
Introductory speech Eulogy
Rite of committal
Cremation
Final Rite
Once the body has been burnt the son will crack the skull of the dead relative with a stick in order to release both the vital air and the soul.
Pinda ceremony (each day for 11 days)
Collecting the ashes
02
Offering of robes Guests should stand straight in front of the altar and bow with hands clasped together or observe a moment of silence.
Cremation
“Pamsukula” Robes and other gifts are offered to the monks. This ceremony is performed on behalf of the deceased.
Chanting Body Disposal
Monks pour water or coconut water on the deceased body. This symbolize the transfer of merit to the deceased.
Procession
Memorial service
Pouring water
“Dana”
“Dakkhinodaka”
Burning of clothes
Burial
Funeral attendees give the deceased’s family a white envelope with money to help with funeral payments.
After the body disposal family and mourners burn the clothes they worn during the funeral.
Body Disposal
Cremation
Procession
Burial
Body Disposal
Cremation
In the following period religious services are performed, during which giving alms and transfer the merits to the deceased.
Mourning
03 PLACES OF WORSHIP Selection of cases studies
Geography of faiths: selecting places of worship
03 PLACES OF WORSHIP Selection of cases studies
Geography of faiths: selecting places of worship
4 Judaism
Har HaMenuchot cemetery,
Chatolic Christianity Orthodox Christianity Protestant Christianity Judaism Islam Hinduism Buddhism Taoism Atheism
Case studies
1
2
3
2
1
03
1 Entrance
2 Chapel
Gathering
Funeral/ Last commital
Burial
3 Protestant Christianity
Forest cemetery, Riga, Latvia
1 Catholic Christianity 2 Orthodox Christianity
7 Buddhism
Certosa cemetery, Bologna, Italy
Bellu cemetery, Bucarest, Romania
Prayer hall, Sapporo, Japan
5 Islam 6 Hinduism
Tomb of Jahangir, Lahore, Pakistan
Jerusalem, Israel
Pashupatinath ghat, Bagmati river, Nepal
9
Atheism
Dilmun burial mounds, Bahrain
8 Taoism
Junk Bay cemetery, Hong Kong
1
2
3
4
2 1 3 Entrance Funeral home Funeral home Gathering
Earth burial
Preparation of the body
Funeral ceremony
4 Garden Burial
Contempla
03 PLACES OF WORSHIP Selection of cases studies
1
Case studies
1
2
1
3
Catholic Christianity Certosa Cemetery Bologna
1 Entrance
2 Chapel
Gathering
Funeral/ Last commital
3 Enclosed garden Burial
Contemplation
03
2
Earth burial
2
1
3
2 1 Entrance
2 Chapel
Gathering
Funeral/ Last commital
3 Enclosed garden Burial
Contemplation
Orthodox Christianity Bellu cemetery Bucarest, Romania
03 PLACES OF WORSHIP Selection of cases studies
2 1 3 Entrance Funeral home Funeral home Gathering
3
Preparation of the body
Funeral ceremony
Burial
C
arth burial
3
Protestant Christianity Forest cemetery Riga, Latvia
Burial 4
1 Entrance
2 Chapel
Gathering
Funeral/ Last commital
Cremation 2-3
1
Cremation 2 1 3 Entrance Funeral home Funeral home Gathering
Preparation of the body
Funeral ceremony
Burial
4 River bank Contemplation
Buria
Last commital
03
4
4
Judaism Har HaMenuchot cemetery Jerusalem, Israel
Last commital
03 PLACES OF WORSHIP Selection of cases studies
5
5
Islam Tomb of Jahangir Lahore, Pakistan
4 1
2-3 2 1 3 Entrance Funeral home Funeral home Gathering
Preparation of the body
2
Funeral ceremony
4 Tree of life Burial
Earth burial
Contemplation
2
1
1
Cremation
Cremation 2-3
03
Cremation 2 1 3 Entrance Funeral home Funeral home
6
Earth burial
ion
2
TODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
6
fe
emation
1
1
Gathering
Preparation of the body
Hinduism Pashupatinath ghat Bagmati river, Nepal
2 1
Funeral ceremony
Burial
4 River bank Contemplation
03 PLACES OF WORSHIP Selection of cases studies
7
7
Buddhism Prayer hall Sapporo, Japan
Med
Fune
1
2-3 2 1 3 Entrance Funeral home Funeral home Gathering
Preparation of the body
2
Funeral ceremony
4 Tree of life Burial
03 Earth burial
Contemplation
2
8
1
1
Cremation
1
8
2
Taoism Junk Bay cemetery Hong Kong
Ashes
1 Meditation hall Funeral ceremony Cremation
2 Zen garden Ashes disposal
Contemplation
ion
2
1
emation
den
ation
REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
Selection of cases studies
9
1
1
1
2
2
9
1 Ashes scattering
Atheism
2
Dilmun burial mounds Bahrain
2 Ashes enshrined
IONE PER STUDENTI
fe
03 PLACES Earth burialOF WORSHIP
04 UNITS
Composing dinstict space for each faith
Burial 1 Contemplation
Funeral/ Last commital
1 2
1
3
REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI REALIZZATO CON UN REAL
04 UNITS
2
1
1 Entrance 3 1 Gathering
arden
1
Tipology 2
1
Catholic Christianity
3
2
Orthodox Christianity
1 Entrance
2 Chapel
Gathering
Funeral/ Last commital
Burial
1 Entrance
Protestant Christianity
Gathering
PER STUDENTI
Judaism
Burial
Enclosure
1 2 Entrance
Gathering
Funeral/ Last commital
Preparation of the body
Burial
Funeral ceremony
Contemplation
Gathering
1 Entrance
2 Chapel
Gathering
Funeral/ Last commital
2 3 Chapel Funeral/ Last commital
Forest
Gathering 2 1 2 Chapel Courtyard Burial Contemplation Gathering
Funeral/ Last committal
2 1 3 Chapel Courtyard 3 Enclosed garden 1 Gathering Funeral/ Last committal 1 Burial Contemplation
Burial
Burial
Contemplation Earth burial
3 1
3 Enclosed garden 2 1
2 Chapel 2 Chapel Funeral/ Last commital Gathering Funeral/ Last commital
1 Entrance 1 Entrance Gathering 2
3 2 Contemplation 1 Clearing Entrance Chapel Contemplation
Funer Last com
2 Chapel 1 2 En Earth burial Tomb bu 2 2 3 Burial Funeral/ 1 Last committal
3
3
3 Enclosed garden 1 1Entrance
1
Earth burial Ash 2 3 Chapel 2 Enclosed g 13 2 1 Burial Contemplation Gathering Funeral/ Chapel Entrance Contemplation Burial Gathering Burial Contempl Funeral/ Last commital 2 3 Last commital 1 Gathering AUTODESK Funeral/ Chapel Clearing Entrance REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO 2 1 1 commital 1 3 Last
3 Enclosed garden
Gathering
Funeral/ Last commital
Burial
Contemplation 2 1 Chapel Entrance
Contemplation Gathering 1 Entrance Gathering 1
4
Gathering 13
Earth burial
2 Chapel 4
Burial
1 Courtyard
Gathering1
1 21 3 21 2 3Chapel Entrance Enclosed garden Entrance Chapel E Entrance Chape Enclosed garden 3 1 2 Gathering Enclosed garden Burial Contemplation Gathering Entrance Chape Burial Funeral/ Gathering Funeral/ Funeral Burial Contemplation Last commital Last commital Last comm 3 2 3 1 Contemplation Gathering Burial Funeral 2 4 1 Last comm 2 1
2
Burial
Funeral/ Last commital
Contemplation 2
Burial
3 4 Enclosed garden Garden 1
2 Funeral/ Last commital Chapel
Burial
Funeral ceremony
Earth burial
2 1 2 1 3 Chapel Entrance Entrance Funeral home Grid Funeral home 3 1 Gathering Enclosed garden Entrance
4
Funeral/ 1 Burial C Last commital 1 Cou 2 3 Entra Chapel EnclosedEarth garden 1 burial 2 Gat Gathe Burial Contemplation 2 1 Funeral/ 1 1 3 Last 4 commital Enclosed garden 2 1 Earth buria Chap Courtyard
Enclosed garden
Funeral/ 13 Last commital
1 2 3 3 Entrance 2 Chapel Enclosed garden 4 1 1 2 3 Entrance Chapel Enclosed garden Gathering Burial Contemplation Funeral/ 2 Last1 commital Gathering Burial Contemplation Funeral/ Last commital
2 Chapel
2 Earth burial Burial Contemplation 1 REALIZZATO CON 2UN PRODOTTO Entrance Chapel Enc
2
Contemplation
2
Gathering
Forest Cemetery Riga,Latvia
4
3 Enclosed garden
Funeral/ Last commital
1
Contemplation
Bellu Cemetery Bucarest,Romania
3
1
3 Enclosed garden
REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
Certosa Cemetery Bologna, Italy
REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
Gathering
Funeral Last 1 comm
REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK
1 Entrance 3
2 Chapel
Gathering 2
1
2 Chape
Gathering
ation 2 Chapel
3 2 Enclosed2 garden Gathering4 3
Funeral/ Last commital
1
1 Entrance
1 Entrance
2 Chapel 1
1 Entrance
LIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
Case studies
2
1
Composing dinstict space for each faith
2-3
Funeral/ Last commital
Burial
1 3 Clear Entrance
Contem Burial Gathering Funeral/ Last commital 1 2 3 1 Clearing Entrance Entrance Chape
Contemplation Gathering Gathering Field 2 1 3 2 Funeral Last 4 comm 1 1
3
ATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
2
Earth burial 1
Earth burial 1
3
el1
l/ 1 mital
2 3 Enclosed garden
2 Burial Contemplation 2 1 1
Earth burial
4
2
2 2 43
3 3
K VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
3 2 3 AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI 1 garden 1 closed
1
Earth burial
Earth Earth burial burial
3 1
1
31
1
1
04
Body disposal
1
Final layout
1 3 Contemplation ell/ garden Contemplation Burial Enclosed mital 2 31 11 Burial Contemplation l/ mital 3 1 Entrance
2 Chapel
Earth burial
3 22
3
33
3 Enclosed garden
Earth Earthburial burial Earth burial
Earth burial
11 hes enshrined 1 Gathering
22 33 2 3 Burial Contemplation 2 Funeral/ Entrance Entrance Chapel Chapel Enclosed Enclosed garden Entrance Chapel Enclosed gardengarden 3 garden Last commital 3 Clearing Contemplation Contemplation Contemplation Burial Burial Burial Gathering Gathering Gathering Funeral/ Funeral/ Funeral/ lation Last Lastcommital commital Last commital
Earth burial
Earth burial Ashes enshrined
2 EarthPER burial STUDENTI Contemplation Ashes enshrined Burial VERSIONE 2 23 2 1 1
3 ring
3
2 Chapel
3 3
3 Enclosed garden
Earth burial
Ashes enshrined
Earth burial
Ashes enshrined Earth Earth burial burialAshes Ashes enshrined enshrined
2 Chapel
Gathering Facilities
Funeral/ Last commital
3
3 Enclosed garden Burial
REALIZZ
1 Entrance
2
Contemplation Tributes
REALIZZATO
Boundaries
1
4
REALIZZATO
Soil use time
REALIZZATO CON
1Burial Contemplation 2 3 mplationFuneral/ Chapel Enclosed garden Last2commitalEntrance 3 23 2 3 3 1 1 Earth burial Ashes enshrined Chapel Clearing Chapel Chapel Clearing Clearing EntranceEnclosed el Entrance garden Gathering Burial Contemplation Funeral/ Last commital Gathering Contemplation Contemplation Burial Burial BurialContemplation Funeral/ Funeral/ Funeral/ Contemplation Form Cremation Direction Burialof disposal l/ Gathering 3 (NOT mandatory) Last commital 4 Last Last commital commital mital
2
1
REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
2
1
Earth burial
REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENT
3 3 Earth burial nEnclosed gardenEnclosed garden el 1
REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
2 Gathering Gathering Burial Contemplation Burial Contemplation Funeral/ Funeral/ 3 Gathering Burial Contemplation Funeral/ Last committal Last committal Last committal
REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
2 4 Contemplation 1 2 3 REALIZZATO UN VERSIONE PER 2 3 1 REALIZZATO CON CON UN PRODOTTO PRODOTTO AUTODESK AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI STUDENTI CONburial UN PRODOTTO VERSIONE PER STUDENTI Earth Tomb burialAUTODESK Ashes enshrined 1urtyard 3 garden REALIZZATO Chapel 12 1 2 2 2Enclosed 3 3 1 2 1 ance Chapel Enclosed garden Entrance Entrance 4Chapel Chapel Enclosed Enclosed garden garden 3 1 1 2 2 3 1 thering Burial Contemplation1 Funeral/ 2 3 3 ering Gathering Contemplation Contemplation Burial BurialContemplation Funeral/ Last committal Burial Funeral/ Funeral/ 1 4 Gathering 3 2 3 1 1 1 1 Last commital Last Last commital commital al Tomb burial Ashes 2 3 1 2 3 enshrined 1 1 2 2 4 4 1 1 garden Tomb burial Ashes enshrined Earth burial pel Enclosed 2 4 1 1 1 1 Contemplation Burial ral/ 1 11 1 mmittal Earth burial 1 Earth burial Earth burial 1 Earth burial 1 2 3 3 Ashes enshrined Earth burial Tomb burial nclosed garden3 Earth burial Earth burial 1 2 3 1 2 3 2 3 3 1 2 1 enshrined urial Ashes 1 burialTombAshes 2 enshrined 3 2 3 1 Earth burial burial Ashes enshrined Earth burial Tomb Chapel Chapel Enclosed garden Enclosed garden Courtyard Courtyard 2 3 3 Contemplation Earth burial Tomb burial Ashes enshrined Chapel Enclosed garden Courtyard
REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
N PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER VERSIONE STUDENTI PER STUDENTI LIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK
3 Enclosed garden 1 2 1Entrance
7 4
REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
3 6
REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE
Funeral ceremony
LIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
REALIZZATO CON
Tipology
REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
2 5
Preparation of the body
Funeral ceremony
TODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
REALIZZATO CON UN PRO
REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK
14
Gathering
REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
REALIZZATO CON UN STUDENTI PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER
Case studies
Gathering
Burial 1 Contemplation Funeral/ Burial Contemplation3 2 commital 1 Entrance Clearing Chapel Burial Contemplation
2 Funeral/ Last Last commital Chapel
REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
PER STUDENTI
Protestant Christianity
04 UNITS
1 Entrance
3 1 Gathering Enclosed garden Entrance
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REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
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For this reason special consecration 4 3 4 1 1 earth. 11 has particular the washing (Taharah); and Earth burial Earth burial “From dust you are and to artificially disintegrated. are set up so that the feet of the dead different indications: a Jewish usually don’t place ceremony takes place a room where the community can meet and perform the funeral rite. Garden 1 eral home Garden Contemplation Burial dust you shall return” Holocaust gave the face the direction that one would ral/ with a minimum flowers on tombs, instead its inauguration. Due to the jewish purification custom of washing the hands upon leaving 1wall 11 1 upon (Gen. 3:19). prohibition on cremation take to travel to Israel. height of 2.20 m or a they place a pebble on to According to Jewish mmittal 3 the cemetery, a hand washing facilities like a basin or a fountain should Earth burial 1 Earth burial 1 Earth burial renewed context. Some definite space of no less remind the dead that the tradition, Jewish burial Earth burial be provided at the entrance of the cemetery. authorities have given a2 1 3 than 1,8 m. living have not forgotten 3 grounds are sacred sites hFuneral burial Turkey Contemplation Burial2-3 Contemplation Je lenient interpretation 2-3 Earth burial 2-3 them. ru Ashes enshrined and must remain Earthmore burial Tomb burial nclosed garden s 3 Earth burial a Earth burial 3 Earth burial as ashes will ultimately Earth burial eremony Earth burial undisturbed in perpetuity. 2 11 2 1 1 32 2 4 3 3 lem 3 4 1 2 3 1 2 3 2 4 1 3 return to the earth. urial Ashes enshrined Mediterranean Funeral Entrance home TreeFuneral of life 1 burialTombAshes 2 enshrined 3 Funeral home Entrance Funeral Tree of life 3home 1 Funeral Funeralhome home TreeEarth of life Entrance burial burial Ashes enshrined Earth burial Tomb 2home 3 2 Enclosed Chapel Chapel garden Enclosed garden Courtyard Courtyard 2 3 2 3 4 2 3 1 3 Contemplation Earth burial Tomb burial Ashes enshrined Chapel Enclosed garden Courtyard 4 Form1 of disposal Soil use time Boundaries Facilities Tributes Direction 4 1 Cremation 2 (mandatory) 3 Preparation Gathering 2 Gathering Burial Contemplation Funeral Contemplation Gathering Gathering Funeral Preparation of Gathering Contemplation Contemplation Burial Burial of PRODOTTO Burial Contemplation Funeral Funeral/ Funeral/ Preparation of Burial REALIZZATO REALIZZATO CON UN CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK AUTODESK VERSIONE VERSIONE PER STUDENTI PER STUDENTI Earth 3burialCON STUDENTI REALIZZATO UN PRODOTTO VERSIONE PER STUDENTI Gathering Contemplation ceremony Burial AUTODESK ceremony the Last body Funeral/ the committal body ceremony committal Last the body Last committal Earth burial Earth burial garden 3 Earth burial Funeral Ritual Prayer area EarthS-E burial Ashes enshrined Earth burial Eternal rest Not allowed Separation Clearing 2 2 washing room ceremony room Earth burial lation There is no Islamic Cremation is considered 4 The grave should be always 2the ground 1 Only 3 The main facilities that should be included in a Islam A muslim grave should 3 burials inEarth 3 Earth burial Every Muslim is supposed burial 1 by Islam2to be “haram,” 1 4 3 2 that the 1 are 13 home 4 teaching of putting so perpendicular to the 3permitted cemetery are: a room where to perform rituals of never be disturbed, be buried with his Earth the burial to Earth Earth burial burial Earth burial Funeral home ntrance Funeral Garden Earth burial n Contemplation Enclosed garden Burial Earth burial 2 2 3 3 2 3 el Enclosed garden flowers, food, water, or person may be or an unclean practice. direction of Qiblah (Mecca). 1 Funeral home Entrancewhole Funeral Gardenhome Islamic religion community preparation of the body of the decease, in particular Funeral Garden burial plot cannot be 2 home 4 4Funeral 4 home 1 3 Entrance 1 money around the resurrected. In1islamic Muslims are forbidden The deceased’s body should 3 to vacated because the the washing (Ghusl); and (umma), 1 world people are buried3 grave that will benefit the take part in the act of rest on his right side with deceased remains here to el Enclosed garden a room where the community can meet and perform It’s possible to have burial deceased. without a coffin. But in garden cremation in any way, the face towards the Burial direction await resurrection. In Contemplation ell/ Enclosed the funeral prayer (Salat al-janaza). Gathering Contemplation areas reserved to Muslims Burial Contemplation Funeral Burial Preparation of 1 Qiblah. 1 emergency cases is allowed But in some cemeteries foreignPreparation countries coffins Burning the dead is Gathering Burial Contemplation Funeral Preparation of Gathering Burial Contemplation Funeral A prayer area can be planned indoors and / or inside communal cemeteries of ceremony mital can be admitted 2 2 considered a form of the body people put tributes on to comply 2 to add another Muslim outdoors. with others religions. ceremony body 3 3 the body Contemplation graves. mutilation, forbidden by3ceremony Burial 3 l/ 1 with 1national 1 theregulations. burial in an Islamic grave. Allah. Burial Contemplation l/ mital 2 2 Qibla mital 2 1 1 3 Soil use time Boundaries Facilities Tributes Earth burial Direction 3Form of disposal 1 Cremation 1 arth burial (NOT mandatory) 2 2 2 2 closed garden Earth Earth burial burial Earth burial 2 3 Earth burial 1 2 1 1 22 1 1 2 Chapel 3 3 Enclosed garden4 44 1 Entrance 3 Funeral Funeral home home Entrance Entrance Funeral Funeral home home Garden Garden Funeral home ntrance Funeral home Garden Contemplation 2 2 1 2 322 1 1 3 3 hes enshrined 1 2 3 Gathering Burial Contemplation 1 1 2 Funeral/ 13Enclosed 2 Cremation Limited time Entrance Entrance Chapel Chapel Enclosed garden Entrance Chapel garden Common Colombarium Mortuary burial Ashes enshrined Funeral Tomb burial Flowers Separation 11 garden garden Not2Enclosed allowed Gathering Gathering athering Burial Burial Contemplation Contemplation 1 E Funeral Burial Contemplation Funeral 1 Last commital Preparation Preparation ofAshes of Preparation of 3 ossuary scattering Ashes 2 burial 2 enshrined Earth burialEarth Earth 3 the Water scattering ceremony ceremony Water scattering ceremony Earth burial burial the body body the body Every Christian is Puttin flowers on graves is ing the ancient Christian tradition, the Church Cremation is allowed of The traditional Christian Burials usually have Earth burial Ashes enshrined 2 that the bodies of 2 Clearing supposed2to be buried in a In each cemetery there must be a common ossuary a common tradition in all urgently recommends 2 the corpse,Contemplation since it does method of positioning the time-based concessions Contemplation Contemplation Burial Burial Burial Gathering Gathering Gathering Funeral/ Funeral/ Funeral/ lation Cremation 2 1 2 2 2 2 Christian burial ground. and a mortuary for 2 the conservation of the coffin Christian churches. are buried in the cemetery in another sacred 2 to the type and not touch according 2Last orcommital 2 the soul and 1 2coffin in the grave was to 1 2 2 Last Last commital commital This 1 area could before e, suggesting the traditional1earth burial. In does not 1 prevent divine have the body with the time of mineralization of 1be placed 1 1 burial.1 There may be columbaries for the 2 1 1 1 1 inside a mixed cemetery. burial of the bodies or the preservation of the n to this2method, burial in tombs and cremation 1 head 1 to the west, feet to the 1 1 1 body which can vary 1 3 1burial 1omnipotence from Earth Contemplation Ashes enshrined Burial Burial 1 PER 1 resurrecting VERSIONE 1 bones or cinerary urns. Not performed remains as Not herewas cepted by all the except the orthodox the body. here theperformed The body from 10 to 40 years. The 2churches 23STUDENTI 2 east. 1 1 3is accepted 3 2 that2 3 Orthodox 3 bank 2 N.B. In Orthodox2Church only earth burial are e cremation with the constraint N.B. Church placed face up. remains are usually placed allowed and cremation is forbidden, so there are no the ashes 4are kept inside the cemetery. doen’t allowed cremation, in a small box inside and 3 1 1 4 4 colombaries. Cremation because placed in a common burial 1 the body of a East 1 Cremation el Enclosed garden 1 Cremation Cremation 1 believer housed the Holy or ossuary. 3 3 2 3 plation 2 2 1 Spirit. Earth burial Ashes Earthenshrined burial Ashes enshrined ring ChapelClearing Enclosed garden Water scattering Earth burial Contemplation Cremation Burial Form Soil use time Boundaries Tributes Direction al/2-3 Cremation 1 2 Facilities 1of disposal 1 1 2 (NOT mandatory) 2-3 1 2 1 mital 1 2-3 1 2 Ashes scattering Ashes enshrined 1Burial 2 3 mplation Contemplation 1 Contemplation BurialFuneral/ Water scattering 1 1 1 EarthAshes burial 1 1 1 1 1 Ashes enshrined 1 scattering 1 1 Chapel 1 1 1 Enclosed garden 1 Last2commitalEntrance 1 2 3 2 2 2 3 32 3 1 1 1 2 2 2 232 2here 3 Not performed Entrance Chapel Enclosed garden 2 2 2 2 2 2 Earth 2 2 Earth burial Ashes enshrined Earth burial Earth burial burial Ashes enshrined Ashes Ashes enshrined enshrined Chapel Clearing 2 2 Chapel Chapel Clearing Clearing Entrance Entrance Ashes scattering Ashes enshrined el Enclosed garden nclosed garden 2 1 1 2 2 2 Gathering Burial2 Contemplation 2 2 Funeral/ 1 1 2 2 2 Water scattering Not performed here Earth burial 2 Meditation hall Zen garden Common Gathering Colombarium Mortuary burial Tomb burial Ashes enshrined Limited time Flowers Separation Last commitalNot allowed Cremation E Water scattering Earth burial Burial Contemplation Water scattering Funeral/ Earth burial Facilities 1 1 1 1 Gathering Gathering Contemplation Contemplation Contemplation Burial ossuary Burial Burial Funeral/ Funeral/ Funeral/ Contemplation Form Soil use time Boundaries Tributes Cremation Direction Burialof disposal l/ 2 2 Contemplation 1 1 1 1 3 Last commital 2 (NOT mandatory) 1 is 2 commital Every Christian Puttin flowers on graves is Last Last commital commital ingLast the ancient Christian tradition, the Church 4 Cremation is allowed of The traditional Burials usually have 1 2 Christian mital 2 since it does 1 2 must be a common ossuary 1 Ashes 2 there 2time-based concessions supposed to be buried in a In each cemetery a common tradition in all urgently recommends that the 1 bodies1ofFuneral ceremony the2corpse, Cremation of1positioning the Contemplation Ashesmethod Ashes scattering enshrined 1 2 Meditation hall Zen garden scattering Ashes enshrined and a mortuary forenshrined the conservation of the coffin Christian churches. are cemeteryAshes or in another 2 to the2type and 2 Christian burial ground. not touch the soul and coffin inscattering the grave was to Ashes enshrined according Ashes scattering Ashes 2scattering 2Ashes Cremation 3 buried in2the 4sacred Ashes enshrined Ashes Ashes scattering Ashes enshrined 2 disposal Not performed here 2 Ashes scattering Ashes enshrined Cremation 3 4 This area could be placed before burial. There may be columbaries for the e, suggesting the traditional earth1burial.3In does not prevent divineCremation have the body with the timeNot of mineralization of Cremation 1 Cremation 2 1 4 performed here 1 west, feet to 1 Cremation Notcemetery. performed here alto home River bank 1 2 1 inside a mixed burial of the bodies or the preservation of the n this method, burial in tombs and cremation head to the omnipotence from the body which can vary 1 1 1 1 ral home River bank Funeral rance home River bank 1 1 1 home 1 remains as bones or cinerary urns. cepted by all the churches exceptFuneral the orthodox resurrecting the body. the east. The body was from 10 to 40 years. The
REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
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REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
Case studies
Tipology
Funeral ceremony
17
TODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
arden
REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
LIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
IZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
ZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI IZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
ZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
1 Entrance Gathering
Gathering Funeral/ 1 2 Last commital Funeral home Funeral2-3
Burial
Burial Contemplation Gathering Gathering Field 2 1 3 2 Funeral 3 Last 4 comm 1 1 Hill
DESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
PER STUDENTI
TTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
4
NTI NE PER STUDENTI
Judaism
Burial
REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
4
REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
3 9
DOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
2 8
REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
ation
Contemplation
Body disposal
Tributes
Flowers Puttin flowers on graves is a common tradition in all Christian churches.
1
4
REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI Gathering Facilities
Funeral/ Last commital
3
3 Enclosed garden
Burial
Contemplation Tributes
REALIZZATO
2 Chapel
REALIZZATO
1 Entrance
2
REALIZZ
REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
Boundaries
REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO A REALIZZATO CON UN PR
REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER VERSI STUD REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK
Soil use time
REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUD
REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENT
Earth burial Earth Ashes enshrined Earth burial burialAshes Ashes enshrined enshrined Earth burial Earth burial Ashes enshrined Ashes enshrined Earth burial Ashes enshrined
REALIZZATO CON
REALIZZATO CON UN PROD
REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUT
Gathering Gathering FuneralFuneralBurial Burial Contemplation Contemplation Gathering Burial Contemplation Funeral
04
Final layout
REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
1Burial Contemplation 2 3 mplationFuneral/ mplation Chapel Enclosed garden Last2commitalEntrance 3 23 2 3 3 1 1 Earth burial Ashes enshrined Chapel Clearing Chapel Chapel Clearing Clearing EntranceEnclosed el Entrance garden Gathering Burial Contemplation th burial Ashes enshrined Funeral/ Last commital Gathering Contemplation Burial Burial Funeral/ Funeral/ Contemplation Form Cremation Direction Burialof disposal l/ Gathering 2Contemplation 2 BurialContemplation 3 3 1 Funeral/ 3 11 (NOT mandatory) 2 3Hill Hill Last commital Last Last commital commital 4 mital FuneralFuneral home home Entrance Entrance Hill Entrance Funeral home
Puttin flowers on graves is a common tradition in all Christian churches.
In each cemetery there must be a common ossuary 2 2 and a mortuary for 2 the conservation of the coffin before 1 burial.1 There may be columbaries for the 1 1 bodies or the preservation of the 1burial of the remains as bones or cinerary urns. N.B. In Orthodox2Church only earth burial are allowed and cremation is forbidden, so there are no 1 colombaries.
3 the ashes 4are kept inside the2cemetery. doen’t allowed cremation, 4 3 2 4 because 1 the body of a el1 Enclosed garden 4 el Enclosed garden Cremation 1 believer housed the Holy1 3 plation 2 2 1 Spirit. 1 Earth burial 1Ashes enshrined Clearing 2 2 2 burial Contemplation Burial Water scattering l/ Earth 2 3 3 Contemplation 4 3Cremation Burial Form Soil use time Boundaries Direction al/2-3 1 2 Facilities 11of1disposal 1Cremation mital 1 2 (NOT mandatory) 1 mital 1 Ashes scattering 1Ashes enshrined 2-3 11 1 2 2 K2-3 VERSIONE PER STUDENTI 1 Burial Contemplation Water scattering 1 1 1 EarthAshes burial enshrined 1 1 1 1 Ashes 1 scattering 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 2 2 2 3 1 2 2 AUTODESK VERSIONE 2 2 here PER STUDENTI 2 3 Not performed 2 2 2 2 1 2 3 12 1 1 garden closed 2 21 2 2 Ashes scattering Ashes enshrined nclosed garden 2 1 2 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 2 2 scattering 2 Water Not performed here Earth burial 2 Meditation hall Common Colombarium Mortuary burial enshrined 2 Tomb burial Ashes Limited time Separation Cremation E Zen garden Water scattering Earth burial Not allowed 4 Water scattering Earth burial 1 1 1 1 Contemplation ossuary 2 2 Contemplation 1 1 1 1 1 2 3 REALIZZATO UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI 2 3 1 2 CON 1 2 REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO VERSIONE PERhave STUDENTI Every Christian is ing the ancient Christian tradition, the Church Cremation allowed of TheAUTODESK traditional Christian Burials usually 1 2UN REALIZZATO CON PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI 2 issince Earth burial Tomb burial Ashes enshrined 1 2 must be a common ossuary 1urtyard 32corpse, Chapel garden 12 that 1 the 1bodies1of2 2 2Enclosed 3 3 Ashesmethod 1 Ashes 2 there 1 2 supposed to be buried in a In each cemetery urgently recommends the it does of positioning the time-based concessions Contemplation Cremation Ashes scattering enshrined Funeral ceremony 1 2 Meditation hall Zen garden 1 2 1 Ashes scattering Ashes enshrined 4 Christian burial ground. and a mortuary forenshrined the conservation of the coffin are cemetery or in another sacred 2 coffin inscattering the grave was to Ashes enshrined notgarden touch the soul and garden according to the2type and Ashes scattering Ashes 2 ance Chapel Enclosed 2 Entrance Entrance Chapel Chapel Enclosed Enclosed garden Cremation 3 buried in2the 4 Ashes scattering Ashes enshrined Ashes 2 This area could be placed Ashes earth scattering Ashes enshrined 2 before burial. There may be columbaries for the 3 with performed here 2does Ashes enshrined Cremation 1 the e,3suggesting the traditional In not prevent divineCremation timeNot of mineralization of 1have the1body Cremation 1burial.4bank 1 Cremation 2 scattering 1 3Ashes 4 disposal Not performed here 1 Cremation Notcemetery. performed here alto home River 2 2 1 2 1 inside a mixed burial of the bodies or the preservation of the n this method, burial in tombs and cremation omnipotence from head to the west, feet to the body which can vary 1 1 3 1 ral home 1 River bank 1 River bank thering Burial Funeral home rance home 1 3 1 1 1Funeral/ 1Contemplation remains as bones or cinerary urns. cepted by all the churches exceptFuneral the orthodox resurrecting the body. the east. The body was from 2 10 to 40 years. The 3 Contemplation Cremation Ashes Funeral ceremony Ashes scattering Ashes enshrined ering Gathering Contemplation Contemplation Burial Burial Funeral/ Last committal N.B. In Orthodox Church only earth burial are Funeral/ Funeral/ e cremation accepted with the constraint thatContemplation 1 4 isGathering N.B.Burial Orthodox Church placed face up. remains are usually placed 2 3 2 2 2 inside the cemetery.1 3 disposal 11 and 1 1in a small box inside allowed and cremation is forbidden, so there are no the ashes are kept doen’t 1 allowed cremation, Last commital2 Contemplation 2 Last Last commital commital 1 2 uneral colombaries. Zen garden because the body of a 1 placed al burial Meditation Ashes enshrined 2 3 in a common burial 2hering 3 Funeral 1 1 2 uneral Tomb 2hall 2 housed Meditation hall 4Contemplation Preparation ofContemplation Zen garden 4 1 Meditation hall ZenEastgarden Zen garden 1 1 believer the Holy Cremation or ossuary. 1 emony 1 Cremation 1 1Burial 1 1garden Tomb burial Ashes enshrined Earth burial Cremation pel Enclosed 2 1 1 2 Burial emony 1 the 1 1 1 Burial ceremony 4 Spirit. body 1 1 2 2 2 2 Contemplation Cremation1 Ashes Funeral ceremony 2 2 ceremony 2 2 Contemplation Cremation Ashes 2 Contemplation Funeral ceremony Cremation 1 Contemplation Ashes 1 shes Funeral Contemplation Burial disposal ral/ 1 11 1 disposal Ashes scattering Ashes enshrined disposal posal mmittal 1 Earth burial 1 Earth burial 1 Earth burial 1 1 1 1 Earth burial 1 1 1 2 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 Ashes enshrined Earth burial Tomb burial nclosed garden 3 2 Earth 2 2 burial 2 2 Earth burial 1 2 1 1 2 3 1 2 3 2 2 3 3 1 1 1 2 1 2 urial Ashes enshrined 2 Ashes scattering Ashes scattering Ashes enshrined Ashes enshrined 1Ashes 2 enshrined 3 3 1 enshrined burial burial Ashes enshrined Earth burialEarth Tomb burialTomb Ashes Chapel Chapel2 Enclosed garden Enclosed garden Courtyard Courtyard Ashes Ashes scattering Ashes enshrined 2 3scattering garden 3 Contemplation Earth burial Tomb burial Ashes enshrined Chapel Enclosed garden Courtyard 1 21 Earth Ashes enshrinedBurial2 Contemplation 3 2 burial Gathering Gathering Burial Contemplation Funeral/ Funeral/ 1 2 1 3 11 2 2 emplation1 2 1 2 2 2 Funeral/ Gathering Contemplation Burial Last committal Last committal scattering Ashes enshrined Ashes Ashes scattering Ashes enshrined 1 2 Ashes scattering Ashes enshrined 1 Meditation Meditation hall hall Ashes enshrined Zen garden Zen garden Ashes scattering Last committal 1 Meditation hall Zen garden 2 3 3 2 1 Earth burial Ashes enshrined Earth burial Clearing Contemplation Cremation Ashes Ashes Contemplation FuneralFuneral ceremony ceremony 1 Cremation 1 2 1 2 Contemplation Cremation Ashes Funeral ceremony 1 2 disposal disposal Meditation hall 1 Zen garden ditation hall Meditation Zen garden Zen garden 3 hall disposal 2Earth burial Burial3 Contemplation 1 12 Earth Earthburial burial Earth burial nEnclosed gardenEnclosed garden Earth burial el 3 1 2 3 2 2 3 2 1 3 2ceremony 1 Cremation Contemplation 1 Cremation Ashes Contemplation ceremony Ashes eralFuneral 3 2 2 1 1 Contemplation Cremation Ashes Funeral ceremony 1 2 disposal 2 disposal Contemplation ell/ garden Contemplation Burial Enclosed disposal Earth burial Ashes enshrined Earth burial Ashes enshrined ring mital 22 2 33 3 31 11 3 Burial Contemplation l/ 2 1 mital plation Ashes enshrined Earth burial 1 2 3 3 3 1 1 2 Earth burial 1 2 3 1 2 Entrance 2 Chapel Enclosed garden 12 2 1 2 Earth burial 1 Ashes enshrined2 3 1 rial Ashes enshrined burialAshes Ashes enshrined EarthEarth burial enshrined Entrance Funeral home Pagoda 1 1 building 22 hes enshrined 1 2 3 3 33 Gathering Burial Contemplation 3 3 2 Funeral/ 2 Entrance Entrance Chapel Chapel Enclosed Enclosed garden garden Entrance Chapel Enclosed garden 1 2 2 3 garden 1 commital Last 3 1 2 Earth burial 1 home 2 Entrance3 Funeral Contemplation Funeral BurialPagoda Gathering 3 building Earth burial Ashes enshrined 1 Clearing ceremony Contemplation Contemplation Contemplation Earth burial Ashes enshrined Burial Burial Burial 1 Clearing Gathering Gathering Gathering Funeral/ Funeral/ Funeral/ lation 1 1 Earth burialLast commital Ashes enshrined Earth burial Ashes enshrined 3 3 Last Lastcommital commital 3 2 Burial Contemplation 2 Gathering 1 Earth burialFuneral 2 Ashes enshrined 2 2 2 Contemplation Burial 1 3 2 VERSIONE PER STUDENTI 1 ceremony 1 2 Contemplation 3 Burial 2 2 2 Entrance Funeral home 3 1 1 3 3home 3 3 Entrance Pagoda Funeral Entrance Funeral home building 2 2 Pagoda Pagoda building 2 building 1 1 3 2 3 Burial Contemplation 3 Funeral 1 Gathering burial Ashes enshrined ring Chapel Gathering Contemplation Funeral Burial Gathering Enclosed garden BurialEarth Contemplation Funeral Earth burial Ashes enshrined ring ceremony ceremony ceremony
Flowers
R STUDENTI
Mortuary
REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
Every Christian is supposed2to be buried in a time-based concessions 2 2 Christian burial ground. 2 to the type and according This 1 area could time of mineralization of 1be placed 1 inside 1a mixed cemetery. 1 1 the 1 body which can vary from 10 to 40 years. The 2 burial Earth burial remains are usually placedEarth burial Earth in a small box inside and 1 Cremation placed in a common burial East 1 Cremationor ossuary. 3 Cremation
ESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
2 2 urgently recommends that the bodies of the corpse, since it does method of positioning the N PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE STUDENTI Cremation 2 LIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK STUDENTI 1 thePER 2soul andVERSIONE are buried in the cemetery or in another sacred in the grave was to not touch 2 2 1 2coffinPER 1 2 2 e, suggesting the traditional1earth burial. In does not 1 prevent divine have the body with the 1burial 1 n to this method, burialEarth in tombs and1cremation from head 1 to the west, feet to 1 Burial 1omnipotence 1 except 1 resurrecting 3the churches Not performed Not herewas cepted by all the orthodox the body. here theperformed The body 2 2 east. 3 bank Earth burial e cremation is accepted with the constraint that N.B. Orthodox Church placed face up.
Colombarium
UDENTI
1
Common ossuary
PER STUDENTI
Ashes scattering Ashes 2 2 enshrined Earth burialEarth burial Water ceremony ceremony Water scattering ceremony Earth scattering burial the thebody body 1 the body ing the ancient Christian tradition, the Church Cremation is allowed of The traditional Christian Burials usually have
1
Separation
STUDENTI
1 2 Cremation Limited time burial Tomb burial Ashes enshrined 11 Not2 allowed Gathering Gathering athering Burial Burial Contemplation Contemplation 1 EEarth burial Funeral Burial Contemplation Funeral 1 Preparation Preparation ofof Funeral Preparation of 3
2
R STUDENTI
2
RODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
Garden GardenGarden
ATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
FuneralFuneral home homeFuneral Entrance Funeralhome home FuneralFuneral home ntrance home 2Entrance Contemplation 1 2 3 3
REALIZZATO CON UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK VERSIONE PER STUDENTI
05 UNITS RELATIONSHIP Composing units together
05 UNITS RELATIONSHIP Composing units together
1. Christian axis: Catholicism - Orthodoxy - Protestantism
1. Christian axis: Catholicism - Orthodoxy - Protestantism Increa
sing n
atural
2. Oriental stream: Hinduism - Buddhism - Taoism
ity
05 2. Oriental stream: Hinduism - Buddhism - Taoism
2. Oriental stream: Hinduism - Buddhism - Taoism
South/East direction
3. Islam
05 UNITS RELATIONSHIP Composing units together
3. Islam South/East direction
3. Islam
Quibla* direction
* The Qibla is the direction that should be faced when a Muslim prays It is fixed as the direction of the Kaaba in the city of Mecca.
4. Judaism
Quibla* direction
05
4. Judaism * The Qibla is the direction that should be faced when a Muslim prays It is fixed as the direction of the Kaaba in the city of Mecca.
4. Judaism
5. Atheism
05 UNITS RELATIONSHIP Composing units together
5. Atheism
5. Atheism
06 PROTOTYPE
A new model of interfaith memorial park
06generating PROTOTYPE Prototype principle A new model of interfaith memorial park Prototype generating principle
Cells
Prototype Plan | Scale 1:2000 |
Cells
Connections
Connec
ctions
06
Green buffer
Green buffer
06 PROTOTYPE
A new model of interfaith memorial park
1. 3.
2. 5. 4.
a.
6.
b.
10. 9. 12. 11.
18.
20.
14.
13. a.
15.
c. 17.
16.
06 Key: Common services a. Porter’s lodge and restroom b. Mortuary c. Crematorium d. Offices
d.
Dinstinct services
a.
7.
8.
a.
19.
Catholic Christianity 1. Entrance building 2. Chapel Orthodox Cristianity 3. Entrance building 4. Chapel Protestant Christianity 5. Entrance building 6. Chapel Atheism 7. Underground funeral home 8. Open air funeral ceremony area Islam 9. Body preparation area (washing and shrouding) 10. Waiting area 11. Funeral ceremony hall 12. Prayer room Judaism 13. Body preparation area (washing and shrouding) and waiting room 14. Funeral ceremony hall Hinduism 15. Entrance 16. Body preparation area and waiting room 17. Funeral ceremony hall Buddhism 18. Meditation hall/Funeral ceremony Taoism 19. Entrance building 20. Funeral home
07 MILANESE CONTEXT Selection and analysis of the site
Selection of the of sitethe site Selection
Existing Existing cemeteries in Milanin Milan cemeteries
Urban voids in voids Milanin Milan Urban
Bruzzano Bruzzano
Maggiore Maggiore
Bovisa Goccia Bovisa Goccia
Baggio Baggio Muggiano Muggiano
Ronchetto
Greco Greco Lambrate Lambrate
Lambrate Lambrate
Rubattino
Piazza d’Armi Piazza d’Armi
Ronchetto
Greco Greco
Monumentale MonumentaleMonumentale Monumentale
Rubattino
San Siro Trotto San Siro Trotto
Maggiore Maggiore
Bruzzano Bruzzano
Baggio Baggio
Muggiano Muggiano
Porto di mare Porto di mare
Chiaravalle Chiaravalle Chiaravalle Chiaravalle Big urban voids: new urban facilities Big urban voids: new urban facilities Railway yards agreement areas Railway yards agreement areas
Bovisa Goccia Bovisa Goccia 350.000 mq 350.000 mq
San Siro Trotto San Siro Trotto 375.000 mq 375.000 mq
Piazza d’Armi Piazza d’Armi 420.000 mq 420.000 mq
Porto di Mare Porto di Mare 200.000 mq 200.000 mq
Rubattino
Rubattino 346.000 mq
346.000 mq
Ronchetto
Ronchetto 52.000 mq
52.000 mq
Maggiore Maggiore Maggiore Maggiore (1895) (1895)
(1895) (1895) 678.624 678.624 mq mq678.624 mq 678.624 mq
Monumentale Monumentale Monumentale Monumentale (1867) (1867) (1867) (1867) 245.000 245.000 mq mq245.000 mq 245.000 mq
Greco Baggio Greco Baggio e e Muggiano Muggiano Baggio e e Muggiano Muggiano 38.000 37.500Baggio mq 38.000 mq mq 37.500 mq 37.500 mq 37.500 mq
Bruzzano Bruzzano Bruzzano Bruzzano (1970) (1970)
(1970) (1970) 195.000 195.000 mq mq195.000 mq 195.000 mq
Chiaravalle Lambrate ChiaravalleChiaravalle Lambrate Greco Greco(1988) Lambrate Chiaravalle Lambrate (1936) (1936) (1988)
38.000 mq (1988) 38.000230.000 mq (1936) (1988) 82.000 mq (1936) 82.000 mq 82.000 mq 230.000 mq mq230.000 mq 82.000 mq 230.000 mq
Site analysis: territorial scale scale Site analysis: territorial Site inside urban Sitethe inside thetissue urban tissue
Site along green Sitethe along thecorridor green corridor
Focus
Site Piazza d’Armi
Big urban void
s on the green corridor
420.000 mq
Inside the urban tissue
Death as part of life
Position
New memorial park in the western side of Milan
Bovisa Goccia 350.000 mq
San Siro Trotto 375.000 mq
Piazza d’Armi 420.000 mq
Porto di Mare 200.000 mq
Monumentale Monumentale
Maggiore Maggiore
Rubattino
346.000 mq
Ronchetto
52.000 mq
Baggio Baggio e e Muggiano Muggiano 37.500 37.500 mq mq
Bruzzano Bruzzano
(1867) (1867) 245.000 245.000 mq mq
(1895) (1895) 678.624 678.624 mq mq
Greco Greco
38.000 38.000 mq mq
(1970) (1970) 195.000 mq mq 195.000
Chiaravalle Chiaravalle
Lambrate Lambrate
(1936) (1936) 82.000 mq mq 82.000
(1988) (1988) 230.000 230.000 mq mq
Site analysis: territorial scale Site inside the urban tissue
Site along the green corridor
Focus
Site inside the enviromental system
Site analysis: local scale | Scale 1:5000 |
6
3
3
zano zano
70) 70) 00 00 mq mq
valle valle
420.000 mq
36) 36) 0 0 mq mq
New memorial park in the western side of Milan
Death as part of life
Focus on the green corridor
Castello Sforzesco
Parco delle Cave
Parco piazza d’armi Duomo Piazza Po
Bande Nere Giardini di viale Caterina da Forlì
Parco dei fontanili
8
Giardinetti di via Dezza
Piazzale Tripoli
Parco A. Annaruma Parco Sei Milano
Casa Circondariale Francesco di Cataldo
Parco don Giussani Giardino Alberto Moravia
Sant’Ambrogio
Site analysis: local scale | Scale 1:5000 |
6
3
3
7
6
1
Public green
Residential
Cycle path
1
Militar warehouses
3
San Carlo hospital
Site
Public
Green corridor
2
Military station
4
Military hospital
Setting strategy
8
6
1 2
5
6
2
4
6
5
School
7
Cascina Linterno
6
Church
8
ATM storage
5
Public green
Residential
Cycle path
1
Militar warehouses
3
San Carlo hospital
Site
Public
Green corridor
2
Military station
4
Military hospital
Setting strategy Site borders and viability
Green buffer
Parc
o de
Demolition of military warehouses Parco de
lle cave
elle
4
6
5
School
7
Cascina Linterno
6
Church
8
ATM storage
Accesses
cave
Cascina Linterno
5
Cells and paths
08 GARDEN OF GARDENS An interfaith memorial park in Milan
Via
li Ario
Via
e Ven
inale i gon
Card Via
Fratelli
Zoia
Via
sio Ales
Via
Oliv
ieri
lli Frate
te Arma
Zoia
Via
Armate Forze delle Via
Tosi
delle
e Forz
Via
o
Chinott
o
Via
Piazzale Giuseppe Perrucchetti
Giulio
Via
arino
Mazz
o
Edoard
o
Chinott
o
cesc
Fran
Via
Via
te Arma Forz
e delle
Via
io
aticc Prim
van Gio
ni
Via
s u Lab
Sain
t
n Bon
mi eltra
Territorial section | Scale 1:2000
2
1
Via Fratelli Zoia
Bu
Jewish section
Via Alessio Olivieri
Forze Armate district
Interfai
Section details | Scale 1:300 Detail 1
Detail 2
Vehicle’s route
Residential buildings
Via Fratelli Zoia
Green Buffer
Jewish section
Interfaith memorial park
J
Via Giulio Mazzarino
Atheist section
uddhist section
ith memorial park
Jewish section
Via Edoardo Chinotto
Santa Barbara military station
Jewish section “threshold”
Promenade
Buddhist section “threshold”
Interfaith memorial park
Buddhist section
Bande Nere district