Mineral Identification Dani Adams Earth Science 11 Block 6
Biotite Mica
Biotite Mica Colour: Dark brown, greenish-brown, blackish-brown, yellow, white Cleavage: Perfect Fracture: Micaceous Hardness: Mohs scale 2.5-3.0 (softer then fingernail) Luster: Vitreous to Pearly Streak: White Chemical Formula: K(Mg,Fe)3(AlSi3O10)(F,OH)2 Sources: Wikipedia and Glencoe Virtual Lab
Sulfur
Sulfur ●
Chemical Formula: S8
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Luster: Resinous, Glassy
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Colour: Yellow, greenish-yellow, orange, white
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Streak: Colourless
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Cleavage: Imperfect
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Fracture: Irregular/Uneven
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Hardness: Mohs scale 1.5-2.5 (softer then fingernail) Sources: Glencoe Virtual Mineral Lab, mindat.org
Pyrite
Pyrite ●
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Chemical Formula: FeS2 Colour: Pale brass-yellow reflective; tarnishes darker and iridescent
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Cleavage: Indistinct
Fracture:Very uneven
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Hardness: Mohs scale 6-6.5 (harder than glass)
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Luster: Metallic, glistening
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Streak: greenish-black to brownish-black Source: Wikipedia and Glencoe
Talc
Talc ●
Chemical Formula: Mg3Si4O10(OH)2
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Colour: Light to dark green, brown, white,grey
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Cleavage: Perfect
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Fracture: Flat surfaces (uneven pattern)
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Hardness: Mohs scale 1 (softer than fingernail)
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Luster: Pearly
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Streak: white to pearl green Sources: Wikipedia and Glencoe Virtual Lab
Galena
Galena ●
Chemical Formula: PbS
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Colour: Lead, grey and silvery
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Cleavage: Cubic Perfect
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Luster: Metallic
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Streak: Lead grey
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Hardness: Mohs Scale 2.5-2.75 (softer than fingernail) Source: Glencoe Virtual Lab and Wikipedia.
Fluorite
Fluorite ●
Chemical Formula: CaF2
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Colour: can be any color of the spectrum
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Cleavage
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Luster: Viterous
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Streak: White
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Hardness: softer than glass harder than fingernail
Calcite
Calcite ●
Chemical Formula: CaCO3
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Colour: colourless, white, yellow, green, gray
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Cleavage: cleavage
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Luster: Vitreous to Pearly on Cleavage
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Streak: white
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Hardness: softer than glass harder than fingernail Sources: Glencoe Virtual Lab and Wkipedia.
Feldspar
Feldspar ●
Chemical Formula: KalSi3O8 – NaAlSi3O8 – CaAl2Si2O8
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Colour: pink, white, gray, brown.
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Cleavage: two or three
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Fracture: along cleavage planes
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Hardness: harder than glass
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Luster: Vitreous
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Streak: White Sources: Wikipedia and Glencoe Virtual Lab
Graphite
Graphite ●
Chemical Formula: C
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Colour: iron-black to steel-grey; deep blue in light
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Cleavage: cleavage
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Hardness: softer than fingernail
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Streak: black
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Luster: Metallic, Earthy Sources: Glencoe Virtual Lab and Wikipedia
Gypsum
Gypsum ●
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Chemical Formula: CaSO4 2H2O Colour: Colorless to white; may be yellow, tan, blue, pink, brown, reddish brown or gray due to impurities
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Cleavage: perfect cleavage
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Luster: Vitreous to silky, pearly or waxy
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Streak: White
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Hardness: Softer than fingernail Sources: Glencoe Virtual Lab and Wikipedia
Halite
Halite ●
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Chemical Formula: NaCl Colour: colourless or white; pink, red, blue, purple, yellow, orange, gray.
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Cleavage: cleavage perfect
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Luster: Vitreous
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Streak: White/colourless
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Hardness: softness of fingernail Sources: Wikipedia and Glencoe Virtual Lab
Hematite
Hematite ●
Chemical Formula: iron(III) oxide, Fe2O3, Fe2O3
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Colour: Metallic gray, dull to bright red.
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Luster: Metallic
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Streak: Bright red to dark red, gray
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Hardness: harder than glass
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Fracture: fracture Sources: Wikipedia, Glencoe Virtual Lab
Magnetite
Magnetite ●
Chemical Formula: iron(II,III) oxide, Fe2+Fe3+2O4
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Colour: Black, gray with brownish tint in the sun
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Fracture: uneven
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Luster: Metallic
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Streak: black
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Hardness: Harder than Glass Sources: Wikipedia, Glencoe Virtual Lab
Muscovite Mica
Muscovite Mica ●
Chemical Formula: Kal2(AlSi3O10)(F,OH)2
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Colour: white, gray, silvery
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Cleavage: perfect
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Luster: Vitreous, silky, pearly
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Streak: White
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Hardness: softness of fingernail Sources: Wikipedia and Glencoe Virtual Lab
Quartz
Quartz ●
Chemical Formula: SiO2
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Colour: Colorless through various colors to black
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Fracture
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Luster: Vitreous waxy to dull when massive
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Streak: White/Colourless
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Hardness: harder than glass Sources: Wikipedia and Glencoe Virtual Labs