The structure of a research paper The structure of a scientific article includes not only the text of the main content, but also other required elements, including: - Title of the article, - Information about authors, - annotation, - keywords, - The main text of the article, - Bibliographical references, - Bibliography. Title should reflect the content of the article, topics, and the results of scientific research. The name of a scientific article should concisely and accurately summarize the study. The title of the article must be put both informative attractiveness and uniqueness of the scientific work of the author. But do not get involved, to name only attracts attention, avoid using misleading or sensational headlines.
Information about the authors of the article must contain the academic title, academic degree, place of work, study, contact details. Information scientific advisers also listed as authors. Usually we see one or two or three authors of the book or article. But these articles can be up to ten authors. Naturally, not all at the same time they wrote the manuscript. This authorship and the list reflects the distribution of participation and the scope of a study of the rights. Scientist standing in the top of the list, performed most of the work described in the article.
Abstract is brief description of purpose, content, type, shape and other characteristics of the article. The abstract should reflect the fundamental and valuable, according to the author, steps, objects, their attributes, and the conclusions of the study. The recommended amount of annotations - 300-500 characters. For information on how to prepare a summary of scientific articles can be found under the methodical help.
Tags are set of words that reflect the content of the text in terms of the object of scientific research and industry practices. The recommended number of key words 5-7, the number of words within the key phrases - no more than 3. For information on how to choose keywords for a scientific article is available under the methodical help.
The main text of the article is presented in a certain sequence of its parts. two types of internal organization of the text of scientific articles can be identified. The first type is often used in Russian scientific journals. It is fairly simple and includes: 1. Introduction, 2) the main part, 3) conclusions. We can distinguish such compontents 1) Introduction 2) Materials and Methods 3) Results 4) Discussion and conclusions Introduction (Introduction) First of all it is necessary to introduce the reader up to date. In the introduction, the author introduces the subject, the objectives and the stages of the study. The introduction is designed to allow the reader to understand the hypothesis of the authors and means of verification. When thinking about how to write a good hook for the article, you should read this article: http://essayvikings.com/blog/how-to-write-a-good-hook-for-a-research-paper In the scientific paper you should set out the author's private study. But it is important at the outset to show that the authors are aware of studies that met scientists before them, and how the newly obtained results fit into existing knowledge. Therefore, in the introduction is necessary to reflect the results of previous work of scientists that they had, which require further study, what are the alternatives.
Lighting bibliography allows to dissociate itself from the appreciation in your work signs borrowing and appropriation of other people's works. Any scientific research builds on previous discoveries of scientists, so be sure to refer to the sources from which you take information. Only with such references article becomes suitable for immersion in the problems illuminated by the study.
The introduction should also describe research methods, procedures, equipment, measuring parameters, etc. to be able to evaluate and / or to reproduce the study. Please note that in the English language journals, these data are allocated to the section Materials and Methods (Materials and Methods). Here the authors present the assumptions and deviations, as well as the procedures used to reduce them.
The main part of the article Scientific article should reflect not only the selected instrument and the results obtained, but also the process of investigation or the sequence of reasoning, which resulted in the theoretical conclusions obtained. The scientific and practical article, you must describe the stages and phases of experiments or trials, interim results and justification of the total output in the form of physical or statistical explanation.
It is also necessary to present data on the tests with negative results. Here, as nowhere else it is appropriate to declare that "the negative result is also a result." Effort eliminate carrying out similar tests in the future and shorten the path to these scientists. It is necessary to describe all the types and the number of negative results, the conditions for their preparation and methods for its elimination.
Ongoing studies are available in visual form, and not only experimental but also theoretical. This can be tables, charts, graphics, patterns, diagrams, charts, etc. The formulas, equations, figures, photos and tables should have captions or titles. In their design it is recommended to follow the provisions of GOST 2.105-95 and GOST 7.32-2001, which is recommended by analogy in the parts dealing with the issues regulated.
Summary (Results; Results) In this part of the collected theses of the main achievements of the study. They may be submitted in written form and in the form of tables, graphs, figures and statistical indicators characterizing the main patterns identified. The findings shall be presented without interpretation by the authors, which serves two purposes: firstly, gives other scientists the opportunity to assess the quality of the data itself, and secondly, allows others to give their interpretation of the results.
Many articles in the section of the author's conclusions bring the interpretation of the results obtained in accordance with the intended objectives of the study. Please note that in the English language journals, these data are allocated to the section of Discussion and conclusions (Discussion and Conclusions). In this article the authors describe the significance of their work primarily from a subjective point of view. They may interpret the results based on the combination of his experience, knowledge base and scientific potential, resulting in several possible explanations.
Bibliography link contains bibliographic information cited, considered or referred to in the text other document, necessary and sufficient to identify it, and find common
characteristics. To learn how to properly arrange the bibliographic reference in scientific article can be found in Section methodological assistance.
References have independent value as a bibliographic tool. Do not forget about correct citation.