SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
CREDITS Solar Thermal Electricity in China in 2011 and Future Outlook Author:
Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Cover Design:
Janis Leung, ESTELA
Cover Images:
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Published only in electronic form. All sources of images used in the report are listed in Chapter 10 References. For further information contact ESTELA: European Solar Thermal Electricity Association Renewable Energy House Rue d’Arlon 63-67 1040 Brussels Belgium Phone: +32 2 400 10 90 Web: www.estelasolar.eu Email: estela@estelasolar.eu
ESTELA assumes no responsibility for facts or opinions expressed in this publication or the subsequent use. Sole responsibility lies on the author of this report. In any case of the utilisation or reproduction of information, a request should be addressed to ESTELA.
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 1
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
INDEX 1. INTRODUCTION
7
1.1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
7
1.2. SOCIO-ECONOMIC DATA
9
2. OVERVIEW OF THE CHINESE RENEWABLE MARKET, THE RENEWABLE ENERGY LAW AND THE CHINESE FEED-IN TARIFF 2.1. TWELFTH FIVE YEAR PLAN AND OVERVIEW OF CHINA'S RENEWABLE MARKET
16 16
2.1.1. Current situation
19
2.1.2. Forecast
26
2.2. THE RENEWABLE ENERGY LAW AND THE CHINESE FEED-IN TARIFF
35
2.2.1. The Renewable Energy Law
35
2.2.2. Stages of Project Approval in China
43
2.2.3. Chinese feed-in tariff
48
3. SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY POTENTIAL IN CHINA
53
3.1. CHINA SOLAR RADIATION RESOURCES
53
4. MARKET DEVELOPMENTS IN 2011
69
4.1. CURRENT CSP PROJECTS
71
4.2.
72
PILOT PROJECTS
4.2.1. Small pilot projects by technology until 2012
72
4.2.2. Dahan Tower Plant 1 MW Power Tower plant
79
4.3.
DEMONSTRATION PROJECTS
82
4.3.1. Erdos, Inner Mongolia 50 MW Parabolic Trough
83
4.3.2. Gansu, Jinta, 50 MW Parabolic Trough
84
4.3.3. Qinghai , Golmud, 50 MW Parabolic Trough
85
4.3.4. Qinghai , Delingha, 50 MW Parabolic Trough
86
4.3.5. Ningxia Hanas 92.5 MW ISCC project
87
4.4. SUMMARY OF PROJECTS 5. THE CHINESE SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY SECTOR
88 124
5.1.
INTRODUCTION
124
5.2.
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS
126
5.2.1. National Government
126
5.2.2. NDRC- National Development and Reform Commission
127
5.2.3. NEA- National Energy Administration
128
5.2.4. CNREC- China National Renewable Energy Centre
129
5.2.5. MOF- Ministry of Finance
130
Page 2
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
5.2.6. MOST-Ministry of Science and Technology
130
5.2.7. PRICE BUREAU
131
5.2.8. LOCAL GOVERNMENT
133
5.3. CSP AGENCIES
136
5.3.1. National Alliance for Solar Thermal Energy-NAFSTE
136
National Alliance for Solar Thermal Energy
136
5.3.2. Gansu Provincial CSP Innovation Strategy Alliance
137
5.4. INVESTMENT AND FINANCE
138
5.4.1. China Commercial Banks
139
5.4.2. Local Banks
140
5.4.3. China Development Bank
143
5.4.4. International Banks
144
5.4.5. Asian Development Bank
144
5.4.6. The World Bank
145
5.4.7. Other investors
146
5.5. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
151
5.5.1. IEECAS Institute of Electrical Engineering of Chinese Academy of Sciences
151
5.5.2. IETCAS Institute of Engineering Thermo physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences
152
5.5.3. Institute of Metal Research of Chinese Academy of Sciences
153
5.5.4. Shanghai Institute of Ceramics of Chinese Academy of Sciences
154
5.5.5. Changcun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanical and Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences 155 5.5.6. Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry of Chinese Academy of Sciences
156
5.5.7. Tsinghua University
157
5.5.8. Wuhan University of Technology
157
5.5.9. Sun Yat San University
158
5.5.10. Beijing University of Technology
158
5.5.11. Xian JiaoTong University
159
5.5.12. Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
159
5.5.13. Dongguan University of Technology
160
5.5.14. North China Electric Power University
160
5.6.
PROJECT DEVELOPERS
161
5.6.1. Big Five Companies
161
5.6.2. Other important Developers
170
5.7.
179
MATERIALS
5.7.1. Shandong Jinjing Technology Co.Ltd
180
5.7.2. Lanzhou Blue Sky Float Glass Co.Ltd
181
5.7.3. Jiuquan Iron and Steel Co. Ltd
182
5.7.4. Zhejiang Wanxiang Group
183
5.7.5. Xinglian Baoan New Energy Mining Co.Ltd
184
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 3
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.7.6. Weifang Changsheng Nitrate Co. Ltd
185
5.7.7. Xiaxiang Yunli Chemical Co. Ltd
186
5.8.
COMPONENTS
187
5.8.1. Mirrors
187
5.8.2. Receiver
191
5.8.3. Support Structure
203
5.8.4. Control System
206
5.8.5. Heat Storage
210
5.8.6. Steam Generator
212
5.8.7. Power Block and Pumps
214
5.8.8. System Integration
221
5.9.
EPC AND OPERATION
224
5.9.1. China Datang
224
5.9.2. China Guodian
225
5.9.3. CGN Solar Energy
226
5.9.4. China Huaneng
227
5.9.5. China Huadian Engineering Co.,Ltd (CHEC)
229
5.9.6. North China Power Engineering Co., Ltd (NCPE)
230
5.9.7. Northwest Electric Power Design Institute of China Power Engineering Consulting Group
231
5.10.
DISTRIBUTION
232
5.10.1. State Grid Company or Corporation
232
5.10.2. China South Grid Company
235
6. ANNUAL INSTALLED CAPACITY PLANNED FOR SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY FOR THE DIFFERENT PROVINCES IN CHINA (MW)
236
7. GRID CONNECTION PROBLEMS
240
7.1. INTRODUCTION TO THE CHINESE GRID
240
7.2. CONNECTION POLICIES
244
7.3. GRID EVOLUTION
246
7.3.1. Grid History
246
7.3.2. Current and Future situation of Ultra High Voltage
247
7.3.3. Rural Grid
254
7.3.4. Smart Grid
255
7.3.5. Investments
258
7.4. GRID CONNECTION PROBLEMS
259
7.4.1. Law Problems
259
7.4.2. Technology Problems
259
7.4.3. Cost Problems
261
7.5. POSSIBLE FUTURE IN ASIA
Page 4
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
262
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
8. OUTLOOK FOR 2012 AND BEYOND
July, 2012
263
8.1. TECHNOLOGY ROADMAP IN CHINA BY IEECAS
263
8.2. TECHNOLOGY ROADMAP IN CHINA BY INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATIONS
265
9. CONCLUSIONS
269
10. REFERENCES
276
ANNEXE 1. ACRONYMS
278
ANNEXE 2. LIST OF FIGURES
282
ANNEXE 3. LIST OF TABLES
285
ANNEXE 4. CSP EVENTS
290
ANNEXE 5. THE RENEWABLE ENERGY LAW
297
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 5
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
Acknowledgments This comprehensive China report was written by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna for ESTELA. ESTELA would like to thank Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna for his preparation and work on this study and also appreciate all the sources that have been used for the elaboration of this report referred to in Chapter 10, especially the Institute of Electrical Engineering and Chinese Academy of Science (Dr. Wang Zhifeng, Dr. Yao Zhihao and Ms. Du Fengli, who gave inputs and comments), the National Solar Thermal Energy Alliance (NSTA), Himin, Lanzhou Dacheng , Huadian, Guodian, China Power Investment, Hanas New Energy, China Guandong Nuclear, Huaneng, Datang, the State Grid, ERI, CREIA, CNREC, MOST, NDRC, NEA, Abengoa, SCHOTT, GWEC, CWEA, ICEX, NREL, IEA, the World Bank, ADB and the Technical Assistance Consultant's Report from ADB released in January 2012 and therefore one of the most updated reports in China at the end of this document.
Page 6
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
1. INTRODUCTION 1.1.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The main purpose of this document is to carry out a study for ESTELA1 (European Solar Thermal Electricity Association) of the solar thermal electricity sector in China in 2011 and its future outlook in order to cover:
Potential of the country
Initiatives in progress and
The stakeholders in the CSP (Concentrated Solar Power) field (Figure 1) in China from project developers to engineering companies and manufacturers.
Figure 1. CSP Value Chain This report shows updated information of the Chinese CSP market, the latest document released in July 2012. The report covers widely from the global energy situation, policy framework, Solar Thermal DNI Potential, research and development, projects developments steps, to key Chinese players in the solar thermal electricity market, as well as the situation of the different provinces in terms of solar thermal potential and the Grid in China. According to solar resources, Direct Normal Irradiation (DNI) results in China show that five provinces should be the best options for projects developments: Qinghai, Gansu, Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang and Tibet. Although due to geographical conditions, slope or proximity to the consumption areas, the results point out that Gansu and Qinghai should be chosen for the first approaches.
1
ESTELA is a non-profit association which main objectives are: promoting, supporting and representing the
solar thermal electricity sector and its Members. ESTELA is a service-oriented association assisting public bodies and institutions, elaborating studies, disseminating best practices in solar thermal electricity generation and creating opinion. ESTELA builds its activity on three pillars: 1. Policy 2. Research 3. Innovation and dissemination.
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 7
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
Concerning energy policy matters in China, NEA (National Energy Administration) reports to NDRC (National Development and Reform Commission), which is the organism that ultimately determine the policy. In the 12th Five-Year Plan (2011-2015) on Renewable Energy Development, NDRC has targeted an installed capacity for solar thermal power plants of 1 GW by 2015 and 3 GW by 2020. There are two elements to the compulsory grid connection system in the Renewable Energy Law: All energy generated from renewable sources must be purchased and Utilities must provide grid-connection services (including constructing grid connections) and related technical support. Nevertheless many renewable operators complained about wasting of energy and most important organism in wind energy (CWEA and CEC) pointed out that approximately 30 percent of the wind installed capacity in China is not connected to the Grid. The 12th FYP also expected to have 11 percent of total energy production provided by non-fossil fuel energy (hydropower, wind power, solar, biogas and nuclear) by 2015 and 15 percent by 2020, from 8.3% in 2009 (mainly hydro). Besides, the plan explicitly aims at reduction of carbon dioxide emission and the NDRC has targeted a specific reduction value of 17 percent by 2015. Between 2010 and 2011 five CSP plants with total installed capacity of 343 MW received approval by different national administrations. The first real bidding process for a CSP project started at the end of 2010 for a 50 MW parabolic trough solar plant in Erdos, Inner Mongolia. Datang, a state-owned enterprise mainly in power generation, won the bidding process with the lowest bidding price of 0.94 RMB/kWh (110 â‚Ź /MWh) for an operation period of 25 years. Currently, five concentrated solar power demonstration projects approved in China by the NDRC are considered as under construction but in a very early stage and developed in the provinces of Qinghai, Gansu, Inner Mongolia and Ningxia. In terms of technology, three of them are parabolic trough and two of them are unknown but with a high probability to be parabolic through. Two of these five projects are currently considered financing by ADB (Asian Development Bank): the 50 MW project of Gansu in Jinta developed by China Huadian Engineering and 50 MW Delingha project in Qinghai developed by China Guandong Nuclear both parabolic trough and probably the first projects which are going to be deployed in the country. Although the market is still developing, the Chinese CSP business is dominated by the so-called Big 5 Utilities: China Guodian, China Huaneng, China Power Investment, China Datang and China Huadian, and some local equipment receivers suppliers like Himin, Tianruixing or Huiyin. First European CSP players, like SIEMENS, Schott, Aries or Abengoa, have started to enter the Chinese CSP market. In terms of Research and Development, the efforts are taken by IEECAS (Institute of Electrical Engineering Chinese Academy of Science) which coordinates the China subsidies on CSP in their platform in Badaling
Page 8
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
located in the north of Beijing and the Institute is developing the first China 1 MW power tower as well as some other small pilot projects of other technologies.
1.2.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC DATA
There are 33 different regions in China counting on provinces, municipalities, autonomous regions or special administrative regions. In Figure 2, it illustrated a first dimension of China where some provincial GDP (Gross Domestic Product) Statistics are identified in the map of Chinese provinces with an impressive 22 provinces reporting GDP figures in excess of RMB 1 trillion (US$158 billion), according to the yearly economic reports of local governments in China.
Figure 2. GDP Map of China. Source Chinese local Government 1$=6,325 RMB
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 9
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
In Table1, the figures of 31 provinces are identified, excluding Hong Kong and Macau in this analysis. Five provinces in bold were selected and would be analysed subsequently; two of them are the last ones in the list, but there are huge and interesting development opportunities for China in these two provinces. GDP (Billion
Growth
US$)
rate (%)
5.300
838
10.0
Jiangsu
4.800
759
9.2
3
Shandong
4.500
711
9.2
4
Zheijang
3.200
506
9.0
5
Henan
2.700
427
11.6
6
Hebei
2.400
379
11.0
7
Liaoning
2.200
348
12.0
8
Sichuan
2.150
340
14.7
9
Hunan
1.900
300
14.0
10
Shanghai
1.820
288
8.0
11
Hubei
1.800
285
8.0
12
Fujian
1.750
277
12.2
13
Beijing
1.600
253
8.0
14
Anhui
1.500
237
13.5
15
Inner Mongolia
1.400
221
15.0
16
Shaanxi
1.240
196
13.8
17
Guangxi
1.160
183
13.0
18
Heilongjiang
1.140
180
13.0
19
Tianjin
1.130
179
16.5
20
Jiangxi
1.100
174
13.0
21
Shanxi
1.100
174
13.0
22
Jilin
1.040
164
11.0
23
Chongqin
0.920
145
16.5
24
Yunnan
0.815
129
13.0
25
Xinjiang
0.660
104
11.8
26
Guizhou
0.560
89
15.0
27
Gansu
0.502
79
12.5
28
Hainan
0.225
36
10.0
29
Ningxia
0.206
33
12.0
30
Qinghai
0.162
26
13.5
31
Tibet
0.061
10
12.6
Rank
Region
GDP (Trillion RMB)
1
Guangdong
2
Table 1. GDP of Different provinces in China
Page 10
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
In Figure 3, a population density map of China by provinces measured in people per square kilometre is shown as it is an important data because the projects need big areas of terrain to be constructed. It is a very clear image showing how the density is concentrated in the east and southeast of China.
Figure 3. Map of China provinces by density Precisely all the yellow provinces (from 0 to 100 people/km2) where the population density is low, are located in most of the suitable provinces in terms of solar resource.
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 11
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
In Table 2, some general data, which could be useful for developing CSP projects in China, such as the population density (shown in Figure 3) and the area, have been gathered, because it is important since the projects need big areas of terrain to be constructed. The type of administration and place of government are important for releasing the permits and have a reference of where to go in each region.
Province/Municipality/ Autonomous Region / Special Administrative Region
Administration type
Seat of
Population in 2010
Total Area
Government
(million people)
(km )
Density 2
(hab/km )
Anhui
Province
Hefei
59.50
139,400.00
426.83
Beijing
Municipality
Beijing
19.60
16,801.25
1,166.58
Chongqing
Municipality
Chongqing
28.85
82,401.00
350.12
Fujian
Province
Fuzhou
36.90
121,400.00
303.95
Gansu
Province
Lanzhou
25.58
454,000.00
56.34
Guangdong
Province
Guangzhou
104.30
179.900.00
579.77
Guangxi
Autonomous Region
Nanning
46.03
236,700.00
194.47
Guizhou
Province
Guiyang
34.75
176,100.00
197.33
Hainan
Province
Haikou
8.67
33,920.00
255.60
Hebei
Province
Shijiazhuang
71.85
187,700.00
382.79
Heilongjiang
Province
Harbin
38.31
460,000.00
83.28
Henan
Province
Zhengzhou
94.02
167,000.00
562.99
Hong Kong
Special Admin. Reg.
Hong Kong
7.06
1,104.00
6,394.93
Hubei
Province
Wuhan
57.24
185,900.00
307.91
Hunan
Province
Changsa
65.68
211,800.00
310.10
Inner Mongolia
Autonomous Region
Hohhot
24.70
1,183,000.00
20.88
Jiangsu
Province
Nanjing
78.66
102,600.00
766.67
Jiangxi
Province
Nanchang
44.57
166,900.00
267.05
Jilin
Province
Changchun
27.46
187,400.00
146.53
Liaoning
Province
Shenyang
43.75
145,900.00
299.86
Macau
Special Admin. Reg.
Macau
0.54
29.50
18,461.02
Ningxia
Autonomous Region
Yinchuan
6.30
66,000.00
95.45
Qinghai
Province
Xining
5.63
721,000.00
7.81
Shaanxi
Province
Xian
37.33
205,800.00
181.39
Shandong
Province
Qingdao
95.79
157,168.00
609.48
Shanghai
Municipality
Shanghai
23.02
6,340.50
3,630.63
Shanxi
Province
Taiyuan
35.71
156,800.00
227.74
Sichuan
Province
Chengdu
80.42
485,000.00
165.81
Tianjin
Municipality
Tianjin
12.94
11,760.00
1,100.34
Xinjiang
Autonomous Region
Ăœrumqi
21.81
1,660,001.00
13.14
Xizang (Tibet)
Autonomous Region
Lhasa
3.00
1,228,400.00
2.44
Yunnan
Province
Kunming
45.97
394,100.00
116.65
Zheijang
Province
Hangzhou
54.43
101,800.00
534.68
1,340.37
9,634,125.25
1,158.20
Total
Table 2. Socioeconomic data in China
Page 12
2
Population
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
Total Area (km2)
1%
Yunnan 4%
Zheijang 1% Anhui 1% Chongqing 1% Fujian
Beijing 0%
Gansu 5%
Hainan 0%
Xizang (Tibet) 13%
Heilongjiang 5% Hong Kong 0% Hubei 2% Hunan 2%
Xinjiang 17%
Inner Mongolia 12%
Tianjin 0%
Sichuan 5%
Shanghai 0%
Qinghai 7% Macau 0%
Figure 4. Areas of China Provinces
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 13
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
At first look it is easy to identify some of the biggest provinces in terms of area (Figure 4): 1. Xinjiang 2. Tibet 3. Inner Mongolia 4. Qinghai Besides, it is not only interesting because of the need of surface area for solar plants, but also because these provinces have very low population density. In fact these are the four provinces with bigger area and less population density in the People Republic of China. Together with the above-mentioned 4 provinces, the province of Gansu, has been included in this analysis (Table 3), due to favourable conditions in terms of ratio area and population density. These 5 provinces are the ones with more solar resource in China would be deeply discussed later in this document.
Province/Municipality/ Autonomous Region
Population in 2010
Total Area
Population
/ Special Administrative Region
(million people)
(km )
Density (hab/km2)
Gansu
25.58
454,000.00
56.34
Inner Mongolia
24.7
1,183,000.00
20.88
Qinghai
5.63
721,000.00
7.81
Xinjiang
21.81
1,660,001.00
13.14
Xizang (Tibet)
3
1,228,400.00
2.44
Total 5 provinces
80.72
5,246,401.00
20.12
Total China
1,340.37
9,634,125.25
1158.2
Total 5 provinces percentage
6.02%
54.46%
1.74%
Table 3. Density Population in China
Page 14
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
2
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
Figure 5. Map of Administrative Division in China The area occupied by these 5 regions (Xinjiang, Tibet, Qinghai, Gansu and Inner Mongolia) is more than half of the total surface in China (Figure 6), with the lowest population density around the country (only 6% of the total population of China) and with less developed regions; thus, before taking into account the potential insulation and geopolitical issues, these are the most suitable provinces to construct solar plants.
Total Area (km2)
Total 5 provinces
45.54% 54.46%
Rest of China
Figure 6. Area Distribution in China
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 15
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
2.
OVERVIEW OF THE CHINESE RENEWABLE MARKET, THE RENEWABLE ENERGY LAW AND
THE CHINESE FEED-IN TARIFF 2.1.
TWELFTH FIVE YEAR PLAN AND OVERVIEW OF CHINA´S RENEWABLE MARKET
In October 2010 the Communist Party of China (CPC) 2approved the guiding principles of China’s 12th FiveYear Plan (FYP) 3for National Economic and Social Development (2011-2015) and the National People’s Congress 4(NPC) ratified the plan in March 2011.
2
The Communist Party of China (CPC), also known as the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), is the founding
and ruling political party of the People's Republic of China (PRC). Although nominally it exists alongside the United Front, a coalition of governing political parties, in practice, the CPC is the only party in the PRC, maintaining a unitary government and centralizing the state, military, and media. The legal power of the Communist Party is guaranteed by the national constitution. The current party leader is Hu Jintao, who holds the title of General Secretary of the Communist Party of China (highest ranking official within the Party and usually the Chinese paramount leader). The party was founded in July 1921 in Shanghai. After a lengthy civil war, the CPC defeated its primary rival, the Kuomintang (KMT), and assumed full control of mainland China by 1949.The Kuomintang retreated to the island of Taiwan, where it still remains to this day. The party's organizational structure was destroyed during the Cultural Revolution (1966-1976) and rebuilt afterwards by Deng Xiaoping, who subsequently initiated "Socialism with Chinese characteristics" and brought all state apparatuses back under the rule of the CPC. Theoretically, the party's highest body is the National Congress of the Communist Party of China, which meets at least once every five years. The CPC is the world's largest political party, claiming over 80 million members at the end of 2010 which constitutes about 6.0% of the total population of mainland China. The vast majority of military and civil officials are members of the Party. Since 1978, the Communist Party has attempted to institutionalize transitions of power and consolidate its internal structure. The modern party stresses unity and avoids public conflict while practicing a pragmatic and open democratic centralism within the party structure. 3 The Five-Year Plans of People's Republic of China (PRC) is a series of social and economic development initiatives. The economy was shaped by the Communist Party of China (CPC) through the plenary sessions of the Central Committee and national congresses. The party plays a leading role in establishing the foundations and principles of Chinese communism, mapping strategies for economic development, setting growth targets, and launching reforms. Planning is a key characteristic of centralized, communist economies, and one plan established for the entire country normally contains detailed economic development guidelines for all its regions. Plans along history: Page 16
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
The plan’s key themes are three: 1.
Restructuring the economy.
2.
Promoting social equality.
3.
Protecting the environment.
This study is going to focus on the third point (Protecting the environment) because is the one that is related to Energy. China faces an environmental degradation mainly because of a rapid and energy intensive industrialization and a reliance on coal as an energy source so because of this the 12th FYP is focus on reducing pollution, increasing energy efficiency and ensuring a stable, reliable and energy supply.
1 First Plan (1953–1957) 2 Second Plan (1958–1962) 3 Third Plan (1966–1970) 4 Fourth Plan (1971–1975) 5 Fifth Plan (1976–1980) 6 Sixth Plan (1981–1985) 7 Seventh Plan (1986–1990) 8 Eighth Plan (1991–1995) 9 Ninth Plan (1996–2000) 10 Tenth Plan (2001–2005) 11 Eleventh Guideline (2006–2010) 12 Twelfth Guideline (2011–2015) 4
The National People's Congress abbreviated NPC, is the highest state body and the only legislative house in
the People's Republic of China. The National People's Congress is held in the Great Hall of the People, Beijing, capital of the People's Republic of China; with 2,987 members, it is the largest parliament in the world. The NPC gathers each year along with the People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) whose members represent various defined groups of society. NPC and CPPCC together are often called the Lianghui (Two Meetings), making important national level political decisions. Although the membership of the NPC is still largely determined by the Communist Party of China, since the early 1990s it has moved away from its previous role as a symbolic but powerless rubber-stamp legislature, and has become a forum for mediating policy differences between different parts of the Party, the government, and groups of society.
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 17
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
In terms of energy consumption the 12th FYP expected to have 11 percent of total energy consumption provided by non-fossil fuel energy (hydropower, wind power, solar, biogas and nuclear) by 2015 and 15 percent by 2020, from 8.3 percent in 2009 (mainly hydro). (See Figure 7)
Figure 7. Percentage of Energy Consumption by non-fossil fuels 12th FYP The Five Year Plan for 2005-2010 will develop renewable energies such as wind, solar, bio-gas and water power to account for 11 percent (including nuclear) of the country's energy consumption by 2015 (up from 7.5 percent in 2005) and 15 percent by 2020. China has some of the world’s most ambitious renewable targets: in 2010 the installed capacity of nonfossil fuel energies was around 279 GW, more than 340 GW by 2011. China wants to reach more than 500 GW by 2015 and more than 760 Gw by 2020. These measures have shown quick results, in 2009 China passed other leading economies in clean energy investment, spending 34.6 billion dollars versus 18.6 billion dollars in the United States.
Page 18
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
2.1.1.
July, 2012
Current situation
The security of energy supply, including that of electricity, is a paramount issue in China (a country with a big land area of 9.6 million km2, abundant natural resources and around 25 % of the world’s population). Although nowadays the electricity supply is able to fulfil in big numbers the demand, the current rates of consumption per person are lower than the developed countries, so it will be a tendency in the next years of increase in the consumption and thus it will be a need of increase the production of electricity. The electricity industry should decrease constantly the dependence on coal and develop clean energies.
2.1.1.1. Primary Energy Supply China’s economy ran at a double-digit growth rate (as measured by the percentage increase in gross domestic product) from 2003 to 2008 when the global financial crisis hit, and the country came out strongly from the crisis.
Figure 8. Primary Energy Supply by International Energy Agency In parallel to this impressive growth, total primary energy consumption increased from 776 million tonnes of oil equivalent (Mtoe) in 2000 to 2 164 Mtoe in 2009, reflecting a compound annual growth rate in excess of 8%.
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 19
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
ENERGY
TOE
SHARE OF TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY 2009
COAL OIL GAS NUCLEAR HYDRO
1525 383 78 18 53
67.2% 16.9% 3.4% 0.8% 2.3%
BIOMASS& WASTE
204
9.0%
OTHER RENEWABLES
10
0.4%
TOTAL 2271 100% Table 4. International Energy Agency (IEA) World Energy Outlook 2011 (WEO 2011).
SHARE OF TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY 2009 0.44% 2.33% 3.43%
0.79%
8.98% COAL OIL GAS
16.86%
NUCLEAR HYDRO 67.15%
BIOMASS& WASTE OTHER RENEWABLES
Figure 9. International Energy Agency (IEA) World Energy Outlook 2011 (WEO 2011).
Page 20
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
2.1.1.2. Electricity Generation From 2003 to 2008 electricity consumption rose to 3 643 terawatt hours (TWh) in 2009, up 6% compared to 2008 and increasing by a factor of 3.4 times since 2000. The IEA estimates that China’s electricity demand will almost triple to 9,594 TWh by 2035 (Figure 10), with an average growth rate of 5.3%.
Figure 10. Electricity Consumption. Source CEC and IEA 2010 At present, coal is the dominant source of electricity supply, representing roughly 80% of the supply and more than 70% of the capacity.
SHARE OF ELECTRICITY
ENERGY
TWh
COAL
2941
78.74%
OIL
17
0.46%
GAS
62
1.66%
NUCLEAR
70
1.87%
HYDRO
616
16.49%
BIOMASS& WASTE
2
0.05%
WIND
27
0.72%
TOTAL
3735
100.00%
GENERATION 2009
Table 5. Electricity Generation in 2009 (TWH) International Energy Agency (IEA) World Energy Outlook 2011 (WEO 2011).
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 21
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
SHARE OF ELECTRICITY GENERATION 2009 0.72% 0.05%
1.66% 1.87%
COAL
16.49%
OIL
0.46%
GAS NUCLEAR HYDRO 78.74%
BIOMASS& WASTE WIND
Figure 11. Electricity Generation in 2009 (TWH) International Energy Agency (IEA) World Energy Outlook 2011 (WEO 2011). The energy matrix of electricity generation in 2010 (Figure 12) has been similar with growth in the share of hydropower in the detriment of coal:
Figure 12. China Power Generation by Sector
Page 22
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
2.1.1.3. Installed Capacity Almost non-existent until a few years ago, installed renewable electricity capacity (excluding hydro) in China has doubled every year since 2005. Much of this growth is due to the enactment of the Renewable Energy Law in the same year, which gave a strong signal and long-term certainty to industry. In 2009, the total electricity generation capacity in China amounted to 905 GW, of which coal power supply accounts for 71.82%, hydro for 21.77% and (grid connected) wind for 1.8%.
SHARE OF INSTALLED
ENERGY
GW
COAL
650
71.82%
OIL
15
1.66%
GAS
33
3.65%
NUCLEAR
9
0.99%
HYDRO
197
2.77%
BIOMASS& WASTE
1
0.11%
26
2.87% (1.8%)
905
100.00%
WIND (GRID CONNECTED 16 GW) TOTAL
CAPACITY2009
Table 6. Installed Capacity International Energy Agency (IEA) World Energy Outlook 2011 (WEO 2011).
SHARE OF INSTALLED CAPACITY2009 0.1%
COAL
2.9%
OIL GAS
21.8%
NUCLEAR
1.0% 3.6% 1.7%
71.8%
HYDRO BIOMASS& WASTE WIND (GRID CONNECTED 16 GW)
Figure 13. International Energy Agency (IEA) World Energy Outlook 2011 (WEO 2011).
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 23
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
2.1.1.4. Carbon Emissions Another issue that is very important in China is the carbon emissions and why CSP can play an important role. First it is good to see some macro numbers provided by the Energy Policy of China (Table 7).
Year
Primary Energy (TWh)
Production (TWh)
Import (TWh)
Electricity (TWh)
CO2-emission (Mt)
2004
18.717
17.873
1.051
2.055
4.732
2007
22.746
21.097
1.939
3.073
6.028
2008
24.614
23.182
2.148
3.252
6.508
2009
26.25
24.248
3.197
3.503
6.832
Change 20042009
40 %
36 %
204 %
70 %
44 %
Table 7. Carbon Emission Values in China. Source Energy Policy of China Primary energy use in China was 26.250 TWh and 20 TWh per million persons in 2009. According to IEA the primary energy use grew 40 % and electricity use 70 % from 2004 to 2009. The energy import was three times bigger in 2009 compared to 2004. The share of energy import of the primary energy use was 12 % in 2009. The CO2 emissions growth in five years (2004-2009) was 44 %. China has one of the largest power systems in the world with a total installed capacity of about 1060 GW by the end of 2011 and total power generation about 4600 Twh.
Page 24
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
Figure 14. Countries by carbon dioxide emissions. Source Energy Policy of China The country is currently the world's largest emitter of greenhouse gases according to a Dutch research agency. However, China's per capita emissions are still far behind some of the developed countries so if measures of developing green energies, such as CSP, are not taken the tendency of the global CO2 release number by China are going to increase in the next years.
Figure 15. CO2 emission per capita/ per year/ per country. Source Energy Policy of China
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 25
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
2.1.2.
Forecast
2.1.2.1. Electricity Production In terms of the non-fossil fuel energies, the Energy Research Institute forecast for renewable energies by 2020 the following distribution of renewable energy although some updates are changing these values: Percentage
Non-fossil fuel energy
Electricity (Twh)
Mill TCE
Hydro
1050
336
7.5
Wind Power
300
96
2.1
Nuclear
520
166.4
3.7
Biomass
180
57.6
1.3
Solar Energy
40
12.8
0.3
Total
2090
(%)
14.9
Table 8.Electicity Production in China in 2020. Source ERI The electricity production mix including CSP from 2010 to 2040 according to Chinese Academy of Engineering, where in dark blue is represented coal:
Figure 16. Electricity Production mix for China. Source Chinese Academy of Science
Page 26
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
2.1.2.2. Installed Capacity The forecast installed capacity will lead to a reduction in the percentage of thermal energy in the detriment of a growth in the clean energies. This scenario shows a better situation: SHARE OF ENERGY
GW
INSTALLED CAPACITY2020
COAL and OIL
929
52.84%
GAS
66
3.75%
Hydro
380
21.62%
200
11.38%
30
1.71%
Nuclear
60
3.41%
Biomass
40
2.28%
Solar Energy PV
50
2.84%
Solar Energy CSP
3
0.17%
TOTAL
1758
0.91
Wind Power onshore Wind Power offshore
Table 9. Installed Capacity in China 2020. Source ERI and NDRC
SHARE OF INSTALLED CAPACITY2020 1.71%
3.41%
2.28% 2.84%
0.17% COAL and OIL GAS Hydro
11.38%
Wind Power onshore 52.84%
21.62%
Wind Power offshore Nuclear Biomass Solar Energy PV
3.75%
Figure 17. Installed Capacity 2020
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 27
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
Making a zoom to have focus on the non-fossil fuels energies, 2011 was the first year of the 12th FYP (20112015) and the National Energy Administration (NEA) released the 12th FYP for renewable energy. This includes a target of 1 GW of solar CSP by 2015 and 3 GW by 2020. So to make a summary by type renewable energy would result: Non-fossil fuel energy/ Energy
2010
2011
2015
2020
Hydro
213
260
300
380
Wind Power onshore
44.7
62.1
150
200
Wind Power offshore
0
0.26
5
30
Nuclear
9
12.5
20-40
60 -80
Biomass
2
6
13
30-40
Solar Energy PV
0.53
3
15-20
50
Solar Energy CSP
0
0,01
1
3
Total
269.23
343.87
504
763
2050
Production (GW)
Table 10. Non-Fossil Fuel Installed Capacity Estimation. Source NEA A separate analysis for each of the Non-fossil fuels will be developed in the next pages: 1. Hydropower 2. Wind Power a. Offshore b. Onshore 3. Nuclear 4. Biomass 5. Solar Energy a. PV b. CSP
Page 28
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
1000
400
1400
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
Analysing each of the non-fossil fuels energies forecast in China separately: a) Hydropower installed capacity Year
Hydropower (GW)
2010
213
2011
260
2015
300
2020
380
Table 11. Hydropower Install Capacity in China
Hydropower (GW) 400
380
350 300 300 260 250
213
200
Hydropower (GW)
150 100 50 0 2010
2011
2015
2020
Figure 18. Hydropower China Forecast The prevision in 2015 gives approximate values of around 300GW operating over 70% of the energy coming from Water Resources of the three main important rivers of China: a. Yellow River b. Yangtze c. Pearl River
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 29
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
b) Wind installed capacity Wind Power
Wind Power
onshore (GW)
offshore (GW)
2010
44.7
0
2011
62.1
0.26
2015
100-150
5
2020
200
30
Year
Table 12. Hydropower Install Capacity in China
Wind Power onshore (GW) 250 200 200 150 150 Wind Power onshore (GW)
100 62.1 50
44.7
0 2010
2011
2015
2020
Figure 19. Wind Power onshore China Forecast
Wind Power offshore (GW) 35 30 30 25 20 Wind Power offshore (GW)
15 10 5 5 0
0.26
2010
2011
0 2015
2020
Figure 20. Wind Power offshore China Forecast
Page 30
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
c) Nuclear installed capacity
Year
Nuclear (GW)
2010
9
2011
12.5
2015
20-40
2020
60-80
Table 13. Nuclear Install Capacity in China
Nuclear (GW) 70 60 60 50 40 Nuclear (GW)
30 20 20 10
9
12.5
0 2010
2011
2015
2020
Figure 21. Nuclear China Forecast
The Fukushima accident has made slow down the increase in the construction of new Nuclear plants and also a more strict approval process. By 2015 from 20 to 40 MW are expected to be constructed specially in the areas of larger consumption in the East coastal part of China (from Shandong to the south until Guanxi and Hainan and also Liaoning).
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 31
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
d) Biomass installed capacity
Biomass
Biomass (GW)
2010
2
2011
6
2015
13
2020
30 -40
Table 14. Biomass Install Capacity in China
Biomass (GW) 45
40
40 35 30 25 Biomass (GW)
20 13
15 10 5
6 2
0 2010
2011
2015
2020
Figure 22. Biomass China Forecast The country aims to achieve an annual capacity at least of 3.5 million tonnes of non-grain ethanol by 2015, according to the 12th Five-Year Plan for Biomass Energy released in December 2011. However, the figure for 2011 was less than 500,000 tonnes, leaving room for growth.
Page 32
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
e) Solar installed capacity Solar Energy PV
Solar Energy CSP
(GW)
(GW)
2010
0.53
0
2011
3
0.01
2015
15-20
1
2020
50
3
Year
Table 15. Solar Energy Install Capacity
Solar Energy PV (GW) 60 50 50 40 30
Solar Energy PV (GW)
20
15
10 0.53
3
0 2010
2011
2015
2020
Figure 23. PV China Forecast
Solar Energy CSP (GW) 3.5 3 2.5 2 Solar Energy CSP (GW)
1.5 1 0.5 0 2010
2011
2015
2020
Figure 24. CSP China Forecast
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 33
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
2.1.2.3. Carbon Emissions In the 12th FYP explicitly aims is the reduction of carbon dioxide emission and the NDRC target a specific reduction value of 17 percent by 2015 that vary geographically, as shown in the map (Figure 25):
Figure 25. Reduction of carbon dioxide emission distribution in China. Source Deutsche Bank analysis Carbon trading schemes and low carbon efforts are receiving continuing policy support through pilot programs designated areas such as Baoding, Chongqing, Guiyang, Hangzhou, Nanchang, Shenzhen, Tianjin, Xiamen, Guangdong, Hubei, Liaoning, Shaanxi and Yunnan. These have required the provinces and cities specified to establish green economy plans that address issues of energy use, green building, and industrial efficiency, among others.
Page 34
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
2.2.
THE RENEWABLE ENERGY LAW AND THE CHINESE FEED-IN TARIFF
2.2.1.
The Renewable Energy Law
July, 2012
After the dissolution of the Energy and Industry Department in 1993, China has been running without a government agency effectively managing the country's energy for 16 years. Related issues are supervised by multiple organizations such as National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), Ministry of Commerce and State electricity Regulatory Commission (SERC). NDRC is one of the most important organizations in China and is a macroeconomic management agency under the Chinese State Council, which has broad administrative and planning control over the Chinese economy. Within the wide range of functions of NDRC is also in charge of Energy planning and pricing.
Figure 26. Hierarchy of laws in China
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 35
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
Continuing the ramification below the State Council it will be a good analysis to see the distribution of the different agents (Figure 27):
Figure 27. Hierarchy of laws in China detailed version. Source CREIA As it can be inferred from the chart the energy matters are below the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) and the policy level will depend on the category of each law from central government to local administrations. In 2008, National Energy Administration (NEA) was founded under NDRC, however, in January 2010, the State Council decided to set up a National Energy Commission (NEC), headed by current Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao. The commission will be responsible for drafting national energy development plan, reviewing energy security and major energy issues and coordinating domestic energy development and international cooperation. The National Energy Bureau (NEA) is under the supervision of NDRC and responsible of developing plans, policy framework and administering all the energies in China, including coal, oil, gas, nuclear, new energies and renewable energies.
Page 36
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
In terms of solar energy, which is the kind of energy the study is taking into account, the departments and the person in charge are as follows (Figure 28):
Figure 28. Hierarchy of programs in China in CSP. Source IEECAS China’s policies on renewable energy development fall into three categories. China’s central government establishes the first two levels of policy. Local governments, including provincial, municipal, and county governments, establish the third level of policy with overall direction from the central government. First-level policies: provide general direction and guidance, and include speeches of state leaders about development of renewable energy and the Chinese government’s standpoint on the global environment. Second-level policies: specify goals/objectives and development plans, and focus on rural electrification, renewable energy based generation technologies and fuel wood. These policies attempt to standardize the directions, focal points, and objectives of renewable energy development from different viewpoints. Some departments propose concrete policies and regulations. Second level policies have played a very important role in promoting renewable technologies in China.
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 37
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
Third-level policies: consist of practical and specific incentives and managerial guidelines. These outline specific supporting measures for developing and using renewable energy. These third-level government policies provide crucial support to help develop renewable energy in its early growth stages. Since the mid-1990s, many provinces and autonomous regions of China have adopted policies for developing renewable energy, including subsidies and tax reduction. The central government also issued several effective regulations.
Figure 29. System of Spatial Policy in China Some of the China Policy Documents are enclosed in the table below (Table 16) classified by year of release and policy level. In Table 16, a summary of the most important policies in terms of energy has been written from 1983 to 2012.
Page 38
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
Year 1983 1992 1992
First Level
Second Level
Third Level
Suggestions to Reinforce the Development of Rural Energy China Agenda 21 Ten Strategies on China’s Environment and Development Brightness Program and Ride the Wind
1994
1995
July, 2012
Program, formulated by SPC State Science and Technology Commission (SSTC) Blue Paper No. 4: China Energy Technology Policy
New and Renewable Energy Development Projects in Priority (1996-2010) China, by SSTC, State Power Corporation, and SETC
Outline on New and Renewable Energy 1995
Development in China, State Planning Commission (SPC), SSTC, State Economic and Trade Commission (SETC)
1995
1996
Electric Power Law Guidelines for the Ninth Five-Year Plan and 2010:
Ninth Five-Year Plan (1996-2000) and 2010
Long-Term Objectives on Economic and Social
Plan of Energy Conservation and New Energy
Development of China 1996
Development by the State Power Corporation Ninth Five-Year Plan of Industrialization of New
State Energy Technology Policy
and Renewable Energy by SETC Circular of the Communication and Energy Department
1997
of SPC on Issuing the Provisional Regulations on the
Energy Saving Law
Management of New Energy Capital Construction Project Incentive Policies for Renewable Energy Technology Localization by State Development
1998
and Planning Commission (SDPC) and Ministry of Science & Technology (MOST) Circular of MOST and SDPC on Further Supporting the
1999
Development of Renewable Energy
2001
Tenth Five-Year Plan (2001-2005) for New and
Adjustment of Value-Added Tax for Some Resource
Renewable Energy Commercialization
Comprehensive Utilization Products by Ministry of
Development by SETC
Finance (MOF) and State Tax Administration Electricity Facility Construction in Non-Electrification
2001
Townships in Western Provinces of China or Township Electrification Program by SDPC and MOF
2003 2004 2005
Rural Energy Development Plan to 2020 for
Renewable Energy Promotion Law
Western Areas
Draft of the Chinese Energy Development and Utilization Law The Renewable Energy Law of The People’s Republic of China Notice of National Development and Reform
2006
11th Five Year Plan (2006-2010)
Commission on the Publication of Provisional Administrative Measures on Pricing and Cost Sharing for Renewable Energy Power Generation
2009 2010
Correction of Renewable Energy Law Renewable Energies Generation 12th Five Year Plan (2010-2014)
Table 16. NREL and own elaboration
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 39
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
After the draft of Chinese Renewable Energy Development and Utilization Law on the 15th July of 2004 finally the first Renewable Energy Law took place on the 28th February of 2005 although it would become effective on the 1st January 2006 and improved the development of renewable energy in China. This law was corrected in 2009. The law is divided in 8 chapters and 33 articles with the next table of context: Chapter 1 General Chapter 2 Resource Survey and Development Plan Chapter 3 Industry Guidance and Technology Support Chapter 4 Promotion and Application Chapter 5 Price Management and Fee Sharing Chapter 6 Economic Incentives and Supervisory Measures Chapter 7 Legal Responsibilities Chapter 8 Miscellaneous There are a number of objectives of the China’s Renewable Energy Law: 1. Highlight the importance RE sector. A challenge has been the difficulty in attracting enough stakeholder interest in the renewable energy sector. The Chinese Government has shown the importance and active role in developing legislation aims generate this attraction by emphasising the Government’s interest in this area. The Government has been active in developing legislation in power sector reform, investment and finance sector reform and environmental legislation. It will also be needed to implement these reforms in the same line of the legislation. It is very important to establish a Policy framework clear and firm that promote both national and foreign investment and counting with the collaboration of international Association and agencies. Policies providing economic incentives such as FIT or other methods for renewable energy and the development of a strong commercial industry are also important aspects of the reform process. In terms of CSP it is mandatory to have some incentives at least at the beginning as it has been in some other energies such as PV or wind.
Page 40
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
2. Remove market barriers to develop RE industry. The development of a renewable energy market is the basis for strong commercialization and quick development of a renewable energy industry. A market should complement the economic and political interests of the different agents involved. In the current situation there is a difficulty of the transmission of electricity generation from the Western Areas where the solar resource is located to the Eastern Areas where China has the biggest factories and population and therefore the consumption. The distance is large- from 2000 km to 4000 km - depend on the location, which leads to big energy losses. Besides, new investments are needed for the construction of High Voltage Grid lines (HDVC) and the knowledge of how to manage them as well. Another example is promoting a feed-in tariff or tendering mechanism, which could reduce the barriers to grid connection and would need to balance the relationship between renewable energy power generation companies and other utilities that want to make this business profitable. For balancing different systems could be deployed like cost-sharing mechanism or developing tariffs reviewing plant costs, which can compensate the utilities loss and encourage a positive attitude for the perception of renewable energy industry. Therefore, balancing the relationships between stakeholders is one basic objective of the legislation. 3. Funds and financial system to promote RE development The cost of renewable energy at the beginning of a market is usually higher than conventional energy generation. Some method system is usually necessary to remove economic barriers to introduce RE market. In China some specific funding arrangements for particular renewable energy applications could be deployed, including renewable energy development in rural areas, electricity extension for remote areas, research and development programs and the establishing of technical standards for the industry. The Ministry of Finance, together with other relevant Government authorities, is currently formulating regulations to guide the management of the cost-sharing and some special funds for the development of RE energies. Other mechanisms include a feed-in tariff for wind power and guaranteed bank loans at rates as low as 2%. 4. Roadmap Design The legislation aims to provide a clear development roadmap to ensure the development of RE market and defined renewable energy targets. It is needed to have a clear strategy for established a RE market and make players participate.
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 41
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5. Manufacturing developing programs The Chinese Government wants to develop RE energy market in parallel with a Chinese manufacturing industry. National manufacturing development programs: Ministry of Science and Technology is developing High-Tech Industry Development Program and Key Equipment Manufacturing Development Programs. The aim is to attract the participation of the different companies involved in the industry, and would improve the research and development capability of the renewable energy manufacturing industry. The establishment of a renewable energy manufacturing industry in collaboration with foreign countries should help to increase the competitiveness of the renewable energy domestic sector as well as international. 6. RE educational market Through legislation, Chinese government agencies are required to use renewable energy and large companies are encouraged to use renewable energy. The regulations implementing the Renewable Energy Law make provision for demonstration projects to guide local development of renewable energy. 7. Special Taxes Programs Apart from this law, in terms of taxes, there is a Business Tax (BT) for offering services in China. Some of the measurements of the companies working in renewable sector:
Projects for protection of environmental resources have fiscal exemptions for the first three years and a 50 percent reduction of the Corporate Income Tax (CIT).
For solar or wind plants the exemption is total of CIT and a refund of 50 percent of tax of the energy sold have been developed in the wind projects. In local policy, renewable energy projects in Xinjiang and Tibet can apply for tax relief. Depending on the local regulations, Guangdong government claims that they will return the tax entirely during repaying the loan for renewable energy project.
For companies considered as HNTE (High New Technology Enterprise) companies will have a reduced tax of 15 per cent from period 2009 to 2013.
Companies working in CDM (Clean development mechanism) projects could be eligible to have a special tax.
Page 42
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
2.2.2.
July, 2012
Stages of Project Approval in China
A simplify model of how to approve a project in China will follow the next diagram (Figure 30). The agents in local and provincial levels are the DRC agencies, which are Development and Reform Bureaus (is the subordinate body of the NDRC at local or provincial level) that finally enacts the Government at national level:
Figure 30. Flow diagram of Approval Stages in China. Own Elaboration The starting point should be from local in different cities of China, and then counties and finally prefecture level to finish local approval, after that it will need a provincial approval until get the definitive approval from the Central Government. Another option is to start at country level where they will suggest to a county the initiation of a project.
Figure 31. Local Government System In China there are different categories of projects for foreign investors (encouraged, permitted, restricted or prohibited) and are subject to different government approval requirements.
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 43
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
Investing in a project categorized as “encouraged” for foreign investment has some implications, such as provincial have greater authority over the project and certain tax benefits may be available. Categorization of a project as “restricted” for foreign investment does not mean the project is out of reach to foreign investment. It means that the project may be subject to higher restrictions The table (Table 17) below summarises these requirements: Foreign Investment Categories
Total Investment (million
Verification and approval
US$)
authority
Encourage or permitted
>=500
Restricted
>=100
Encourage or permitted
>=300
Restricted
>=50
Encourage or permitted
<=300
Local Administrations of NDRC
Restricted
<50
(DRC) and MOFCOM
1
State Council (National Level)
2
NDRC and MOFCOM
3 Table 17. Foreign Investment Categories
Approval of provincial or equivalent authorities is generally enough for projects in the “encouraged” and “permitted” categories if total investment is less than US$300 million. For “restricted” category projects, provincial approval is enough only if the total investment is less than US$50 million. Projects in the “permitted” or restricted” category over these amounts must be approved by MOFCOM and NDRC. Provincial authorities may often delegate their approval authority to municipal or other lower level government authorities. However, provincial authority to approve a “restricted” category project may not be delegated.
State Council approval is required for projects in the “restricted” category if total investment exceeds 100 million US$, but is generally required for projects in the “encouraged” category or “permitted” category only if total investment exceeds US$500 million.
The effect of these categorizations is to make clear the approval requirements and encourage those projects that are seen as high priority projects for Chinese development. Renewable energy projects can benefit from these categories. The category of ‘encouraged’ projects includes the following project types: 1. Construction and operation of power stations using technology for clean burning of coal; Page 44
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
2. Construction and operation of thermo-electric cogeneration power stations; 3. Construction and operation of hydroelectric power stations; and 4. Construction and operation of power stations using new sources of energy (including solar energy, wind energy, magnetic energy, geothermal energy, tidal energy, biomass energy etc.). Other issues are the availability of the necessary renewable resources, a site for the project with appropriate land occupation, obtaining necessary project approvals, etc. There are two types of land ownership:
State ownership. Historically, there has been no “private” land ownership in China. State land ownership means the land is owned by the Chinese Government,
Collective ownership, collective land ownership means the relevant land is under the control of a local “rural collective of peasants”.
Basically, land in urban areas is under state ownership, whereas land in rural and sub-urban areas is under collective ownership. The Chinese Government may acquire and convert collective land in rural and suburban areas into state land according to “land requisition procedure”. In China, it is more exact to talk about the sale of land use rights than the land ownership. China’s land laws and regulations, permit the Chinese government (acting through its local land bureaus) and other landowners to transact “use rights” in their land. Generally, there are four different types of land use rights in China: 1. Granted land use rights: Granted land use rights are freely transferable – they have a limited duration and require payment of a fee which is normally paid in one sum prior to any transfer of the land use rights. 2. Leased land use rights 3. Allocated land use rights: Allocated land use rights are not transferable, and may be taken back by the Chinese government without compensation 4. Collective land use rights. Once the type of land use right is known, investors can determine how best to structure the legal arrangements for the planned project. For construction, the land administration department reviews a feasibility study and issues a precertification report. If acceptable, rights to use the land are issued and a land use rights contract is entered into, usually by and between the enterprise controlling the project and the relevant land administration bureau.
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 45
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
On 16 March 2007, the National People's Congress approved the new Property Rights Law, which gives legal protections for privately owned land. The new law creates a registration system for real property ownership and transfer, provides a mechanism for creating securities over property. It represents China's first national framework for the protection of property. In Article 12 of the Provisional Regulations on Grant and Assignment of Urban State-owned Land Use Right states the different duration of rights provided for different purposes. For an industrial purpose, which will be the case for Renewable projects, you buy the land for a concession of 50 years.
Purpose
Years of Grant
Land for residential purposes
70 years
Land for industrial purposes
50 years
Land for purposes of educational, scientific and technological, cultural, health care or sports Land
50 years for
commercial,
tourism
or
recreational purposes
40 years
Land for combined usage or other purposes
50 years
Table 18. Years of Grant depend on Land Use Apart from the land permits, the relevant authority will request an economic Feasibility study and then a Design of the project. Regarding Environmental approvals key environmental laws in China are issued at the national level, with implementation at local level. The environmental protections laws can be applied differently depend on the provinces or municipalities and also local regulations are allowed to be stricter than national regulations. Depending on the type and size of the project, environmental assessments are approved by either the State Environmental Protection Administration (SEPA) or Environmental Protection Bureaus (EPBs) at the provincial or municipal levels. Since environmental laws are enforced by EPBs at the provincial/municipal level, however, SEPA may suspend approvals for new projects if local governments do not comply with the applicable requirements under environmental laws and regulations, so risks remain even if a project has broad local support. Once the project has the Final Environmental Acceptance, and finally receives the permits for the operation of the plant.
Page 46
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
This next diagram (Figure 32) shows the different approval needs to approve an environmental project in China:
Figure 32. Environmental Approval Stages in China. Source CREIA
After the achievement of the operation permits it is important to secure a buyer for the energy output and on terms that take account of regulatory, market or resource risks, as well as meeting any favourable tax treatment, tariffs or other concessions. Buyers will generally be seeking a renewable energy supply that will have regulatory obligations or consumer demand. Therefore, they will want terms that limit or compensate for compliance risks and ensure the buyer will not have financial commitments for energy supply that fall short of expectations. Project proponents (and their financiers) will ordinarily seek to see a secure and constant revenue stream (with tolerable variation for resource, market or regulatory risks). In the case of CSP plants and other renewable energies, there are two ways to get profit selling the electricity of the solar plant to the grid: 1. Feed-in tariff (as it is the Chinese case) and 2. Power Purchase Agreement (PPA).
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 47
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
2.2.3.
Chinese feed-in tariff
The feed-in tariff (FIT) is a policy mechanism designed to accelerate investment in renewable energy technologies. It achieves this by offering long-term contracts to renewable energy producers, typically based on the cost of generation of each technology
Figure 33. Government Action Plan Source by ADB China has set a fixed feed-in tariff for new onshore wind power plants and solar PV power plants in a move that will help struggling project operators to obtain profits. The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) is the country's economic planning agency The FIT by types of renewable energy, which represent a significant premium over the average rate of 0.34 in RMB/kwh paid to coal-fired electricity generators, is shown below. It could be interesting to see how the FIT has evolved in more mature markets in China such as PV and wind because it could follow the same tendency in CSP: 1.
Solar Power
a.
Photovoltaic
Page 48
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
PV in 2011 according to China’s NDRC unified feed-in-tariff (FIT) for solar projects. The new NDRC FIT Circular provides for the following schemes to encourage the development of solar photovoltaic power generation projects in China: i. FIT of 1.15 RMB (approximately US$0.177) per kwh for projects that: 1. Are approved for construction by the NDRC prior to 1 July 2011 2. Complete construction and commence production of electricity prior to 31 December 2011, and 3. Have not yet been verified by the NDRC in respect of its on-grid power tariff. ii. FIT of 1 RMB (approximately US$0.154) per kwh for projects that: 1. Are approved for construction by the NDRC after 1 July 2011, or 2. Are approved for construction by the NDRC prior to 1 July 2011 but have not yet commenced production of electricity by 31 December 2011. (Exceptions being projects of this category but located in Tibet, where an FIT of 1.15 RMB (approximately US$0.177) per kwh will apply.) The NDRC shall have the right to make adjustments to the FIT going forward, based on factors such as investment cost changes, technology development, etc. Before the launch of the FIT, the NDRC had been implementing a “concession rights auction” regime in granting development rights for large solar projects in China. The auction winners were usually those offering the lowest grid power prices, almost invariably large State-owned enterprise power providers. Furthermore, there has been a tendency in the past couple of years among project developers to recklessly lower their bidding prices in order to win projects for the mere sake of market expansion regardless of realistic returns achievable. It is expected that the FIT incentive program will effectively help improve the competition situation in the industry, as it provides for reasonable room for profit to developers with relatively advanced technologies. It would be expected to see an increase in solar power investment in China in the coming year as NDRC’s implementation of the FIT becomes clearer. In respect of the previous central government subsidy programs for solar power, namely the “Golden Sun” projects and the BIPV (Building Integrated Photovoltaic) projects, while such subsidies will continue to be offered, the new NDRC FIT Circular provides that projects enjoying central government subsidies shall have the same grid power tariff as coal-fired power projects.
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 49
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
The new tariff will apply only to solar projects that are not awarded through a competitive bidding process, as those projects are typically awarded to the developer who can accept the lowest feed-in price. The projects approved in China have had a FIT from 1.6798 RMB/kWh to 0.69 RMB/kWh to finish with the current 1 RMB/kWh. Besides FIT at National Level, some of the provinces have decided to promote solar energy specifically using local funds from provincial budgets (Table 19):
Province
Tariff (RMB/Kwh)
Qinghai
1.15
Jiangsu
1.4
Zhejiang
1.42
Shandong
1.12
Table 19. Special PV Provincial Tariffs Source NDRC b.
Concentrated Solar Power
CSP FIT is still in process in China but the first project has been a bidding process with three companies submitting a FIT of 2.25, 0.98 and 0.94 RMB/kWh resulting winner of the concession China Datang with the lowest price at 0.94 RMB/kWh, a construction period of 30 months, concession operation period of 25 years with a fix tariff price, a heat storage must have been designed, an air condensed system to be required, price not higher than PVâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s and a proportion of natural gas no more than 10%. Although it has been called FIT, it is more a Tendering pricing or a mix of both where Government after the bidding process choose the lowest price bid in a project by project basis that will be analysed for that particular project and decide as a reasonable price. Since this FIT looks too low to develop a project at this moment, the Chinese Government is thinking in a new variable FIT according to the cost of the projects, which probably could lead to values from around 1.2 RMB/kWh to 1.8 RMB/kWh.
Page 50
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
b.
July, 2012
Wind Power,
In 2009, China finally introduced a feed-in tariff for wind power generation, which applies for 20 years of a wind farm’s operation. Four categories have been established by the NDRC of onshore wind projects, which according to region will be able to apply for the tariffs. Areas with better wind resources will have lower feed-in tariffs, while those with lower outputs will be able to access more generous tariffs. I.
0.51 RMB/kwh
II.
0.54 RMB/kwh
III.
0.58 RMB/kwh
IV.
0.61 RMB/kwh
Figure 34. Map of FIT. Source NDRC The coloured regions in the map (Figure 34) show each of the different tariffs. Green: Tariff I, Blue: Tariff II, Pink: Tariff III and Orange: Tariff IV.
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 51
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
To have a look at the results of the FIT the better is to see how the wind power has evolved around these years because is the most mature in terms of FIT. Therefore the graph of the installed capacity in China is as follows with an installed capacity in 2011 of more than 60 GW (Figure 35) becoming the first country in the world:
Figure 35. Source GWEC Total installed Capacity in wind energy in China by province in 2010 (Figure 36), where it is clear that for the moment Inner Mongolia concentrate the installation of wind turbines:
Figure 36. Map of Distribution of Energy Capacity 2010. Source CWEA
Page 52
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
3. 3.1.
July, 2012
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY POTENTIAL IN CHINA CHINA SOLAR RADIATION RESOURCES
First of all it is important to take into account some macro numbers in terms of potential renewable primary energy resource in China (Table 20) to see the real potential of what the solar power could be:
Energy
Useful Resource in China (TCE)
Solar Energy
17,000
Wind
>8
Hydro
4.8-6.4
Biomass
4.6
Geothermal
33
Table 20. Useful Resources in China. Source IEECAS5 To have a dimension of what this numbers mean and the hugeness of the sun power it is interesting to put them in a graph where it is necessary to have a zoom (Figure 37 and 38) at the rest of renewable energies to see how they show up.
5
IEE-CAS (Institute of Electrical Engineering and Chinese academy of Science) is an R&D Institute in PRC and
a key laboratory of solar thermal energy and photovoltaic Systems since 1979. The majors covered are electricity and electronics technology, power system, automatic control, mechanical design, structure technique, solar cells, material engineering physics etc. Their Research fields are: 1) Solar thermal power technology and system integration 2) Photovoltaic power generation system
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 53
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
Figure 37. Useful Resource in China
Figure 38. Useful Resource in China
Page 54
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
As it can be inferred from these numbers China has a rich resource of solar radiation, the solar radiation of China land is 1.7 trillion ton of standard coal and the potential power generation is about 42,000 TWh/year, much more than current needs of 5,000 TWh/year for power generation.
Figure 39. Map of Solar Resource in China. Source NREL6
6
The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) is a government-owned, contractor-operated facility
and it is funded through the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). It is the only national laboratory solely dedicated to advancing renewable energy and energy efficiency technologies from concept to commercial application. NREL's areas of expertise include:
Renewable Fuels Biomass, hydrogen and fuel cells, and vehicle technologies
Renewable Electricity Solar, wind, water, geothermal, smart-grid technology, and building technology and efficiency
Energy Science Chemical and biosciences, scientific computing, and materials science
Strategic Energy Analysis Technology, markets, public policy, security, and government programs
Commercialization and Technology Transfer Sponsored research and development agreements and licenses with private industry to develop commercial products
Deployment Information and tools to help communities, industry, and government select the most impactful technologies to reduce their fossil energy use.
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 55
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
It will be a good reference (Figure 40) the percentage of projects released in PV by areas of China, the top 10 provinces by installed MW (Qinghai, Ningxia, Jiangsu, Gansu, Xinjiang, Shandong, Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Tibet and Shaanxi) account for almost 90% of domestic installations. Located in Qinghai province, Golmud has been labelled the ‘PV Capital of China’ due to a range of large projects that were grid-connected before the end of 2011.
Central & South 3%
Northeast 1%
Southwest 8%
East 10%
North 12% Northwest 66%
Figure 40. PV Projects Distribution Source Solarbuzz7 At first sight it seems that the potential solar direct normal irradiation in China is concentrated in the west and northwest of China considering north the regions over the parallel of Tibet.
7
Solarbuzz is the photovoltaic industry’s premier source for exclusive research, analysis, and consulting.
Page 56
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
If the picture is zoomed a little bit more (also with the help of GIS studies sponsored by China Sustainable Program (CSEP) and analysed by Centre for Clean Energy Technology and Chinese Academy of Science) the next analysis will show the China CSP resource distribution by province and classified in three groups from 5 kwh/m2day. The provinces are listed (Table 21) in order from big to small in terms of insulation and the potential energy generation (Twh/yr): Province/Municipality/ 8
DNI (kwh/m2day)
Autonomous Region / Special Administrative Region
>7
6-7
Xizang (Tibet), Xinjiang and Qinghai
Qinghai, Xinjiang, Xizang (Tibet), Inner Mongolia and Gansu.
Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang, Qinghai, 5-6
Xizang (Tibet), Gansu, Sichuan, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Heilongjiang and Jilin
Table 21. Own Elaboration. Source IEECAS
8
Direct Normal Irradiance (DNI) is the amount of solar radiation received per unit area by a surface that is
always held perpendicular (or normal) to the rays that come in a straight line from the direction of the sun at its current position in the sky. Typically, you can maximize the amount of irradiance annually received by a surface by keeping it normal to incoming radiation. This quantity is of particular interest to concentrating solar thermal installations and installations that track the position of the sun.
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 57
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
In the Solar DNI analysis (Figure 41) some assumptions has been taken in order to measure the solar energy potential in the People Republic of China.
Below 5 kWh/m2-day: Excluded, or 0 kWh/m2-day
5-6 kWh/m2-day: 5.5 kWh/m2-day
6-7 kWh/m2-day: 6.5 kWh/m2-day
Above 7 kWh/m2-day: 7 kWh/m2-day
Figure 41. Solar DNI Classes in China. Source Black and Veatch
Page 58
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
Also a map of Global Horizontal Insulation or Irradiation (Figure 42) to have an overview of the GHI by class in China:
Figure 42. Solar Global Horizontal Insulation by Class. Source Black and Veatch
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 59
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
In terms of Land Slope (Figure 43) two assumptions have been taken:
Land with a 3% slope and less is included 100%
Land with a slope greater than 3% is excluded
Figure 43. Land Slope by Class. Source Black and Veatch
Page 60
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
In terms of Land Use & Protected Areas (Figure 44) some assumptions have been taken:
Bodies of water: Excluded
Urban areas: Excluded
Protected areas: Excluded
Mining areas: Excluded
Desert/barren land: 100% available
Pasture/grassland, cultivated land, Gardens: 50% available
Forest/shrub land: 10% available
Figure 44. Map of Land Use and Protected Areas. Source Black and Veatch
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 61
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
After these Solar Potential Assumptions and in order to have more detailed solar resource distribution by province in China, it will be essential to analyse the solar resource measurement by a classification of kwh/m2 day: first with an average DNI of 5.5 kwh/m2day,and then 6.5 kwh/m2day and finally with more than 7 kwh/m2day. Province/Municipality/ Autonomous Region / Special GW
W/m2
Kwh/m2yr
Area (Km2)
TWh/yr
Gansu
440.00
803.00
2,007.50
0.55
1,100.00
Hebei
26.00
815.55
2,007.50
0.03
64.00
7.00
826.62
2,007.50
0.01
17.00
6,000.00
803.00
2,007.50
7.47
15,000.00
4.00
803.00
2,007.50
0.00
10.00
Qinghai
2,000.00
819.39
2,007.50
2.44
4,900.00
Shaanxi
9.00
860.36
2,007.50
0.01
21.00
Shanxi
18.00
821.25
2,007.50
0.02
44.00
Sichuan
56.00
803.00
2,007.50
0.07
140.00
Xinjiang
4,300.00
784.75
2,007.50
5.48
11,000.00
320.00
834.29
2,007.50
0.38
770.00
2,007.50
16.47
33,066.00
Administrative Region
Heilongjiang Inner Mongolia Jilin
Xizang (Tibet) Total
13,180.00
Table 22. DNI 5.5 kwh/m2day In the next table (Table 23) it will be represented the most important parameters for a DNI of 6.5 kwh/m2day in every province, which means an average total amount of DNI per year of around 2300 kwh/m2year. Province/Municipality/ Autonomous Region / Special GW
W/m2
Kwh/m2yr
Area (Km2)
TWh/yr
Gansu
15.00
847.32
2,372.50
0.02
42.00
Inner Mongolia
59.00
823.40
2,372.50
0.07
170.00
Qinghai
720.00
813.43
2,372.50
0.89
2,100.00
Xinjiang
400.00
862.73
2,372.50
0.46
1,100.00
Xizang (Tibet)
300.00
827.62
2,372.50
0.36
860.00
2,372.50
1.80
4,272.00
Administrative Region
Total
1,494.00
Table 23. DNI 6.5 kwh/m2day
Page 62
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
July, 2012
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
In the next table (Table 24) it will be represented the most important parameters for a DNI of 7 kwh/m2day in every province which means an average total amount of DNI per year of around 2300 kwh/m2year. Province/Municipality/ Autonomous Region / Special GW
W/m2
Kwh/m2yr
Area (Km2)
TWh/yr
Qinghai
31.00
792.05
2,555.00
0.04
100.00
Xinjiang
340.00
723.92
2,555.00
0.47
1,200.00
Xizang (Tibet)
1,100.00
720.64
2,555.00
1.53
3,900.00
Total
1,471.00
2,555.00
2.04
5,200.00
Administrative Region
Table 24. DNI 7 kwh/m2day Looking at the general numbers of each province it can be corroborated the total amount of DNI in China, which is around 42,000 TWh/yr of natural resource (Table 25) as it was mentioned before and also the potential of each province in terms of power and energy. Also the potential installed capacity is about 16000 GW.
Province/Municipality/ Autonomous Region / Special Administrative Region GW
TWh/yr
Gansu
455.00
1,142.,00
Hebei
26.00
64.00
7.00
17.00
Inner Mongolia
6,059.00
15,170.00
Qinghai
2,751.00
7,100.00
Shaanxi
9.00
21.00
Shanxi
18.00
44.00
Sichuan
56.00
140.00
Xinjiang
5,040.00
13,300.00
Xizang (Tibet)
1,720.00
5,530.00
16,145.00
42,538.,00
Heilongjiang
Total
Table 25. Total Potential of Solar Power and Energy by province
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 63
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
Analysing the chart (Figure 45) for this total numbers of installed capacity and energy, again these five provinces show the best potential values:
16000 14000 12000 10000 8000 GW
6000
TWh/yr 4000 2000 0
Figure 45. Potential Provincial Resources Before taking into consideration other parameters but only solar resource and considering the same amount of operating hours, organizing the values of the provinces according to the amount of installed capacity and energy that could generate the results for these five province shows: 1. Inner Mongolia 2. Qinghai 3. Xinjiang 4. Tibet 5. Gansu Nevertheless it has been pointed out that Qinghai and Gansu will be first locations for commercial projects in China because of Geographical conditions, proximity to consumption centres, solar resource, slope, water availability, etc.
Page 64
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
The result of the Potential Solar Resource with all the assumptions taken is for three different slope´s classification:
Slope < 1% Slope < 3% Slope < 5%
I. Slope < 1% (Figure 46)
Figure 46. Solar Resource with slope <1%
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 65
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
Usually the ideal slope for CSP projects is from 1% to 3%, so areas in cases I and II will be considered as optimal. II. Slope < 3% (Figure 47)
Figure 47. Solar Resource with slope <3%
Page 66
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
Less ideal but also possible for developing CSP projects a study of the solar resources where the slope is lower than 5 percent. III. Slope < 5% (Figure 48)
Figure 48. Solar Resource with slope <5%
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 67
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
To conclude this point it will be interesting to have a look at the numbers of the two countries that have developed at the moment more projects in CSP and make a comparison with China to see its potential. Firstly in terms of real installed capacity in 2011 and beyond (Table 26): Country/ Power (MW)
2011
2015
2020
Spain
1,153
3,048
5,079
USA
510
1,800
8,000
China
1
1,000
3,000
Table 26. Installed Capacity Comparison with the main countries in CSP Secondly (Table 27) in terms of potential capacity of power and potential energy production between 5 and more than 7 KWh/m2day and the potential in amount of GW available with a DNI bigger than 7 KWh/m2day. Country
Power (GW)
Energy (TWh/year)
DNI >7 KWh/m2day (GW)
China
16,000
42,000
1,400
USA
15,000
40,000
1,300
Spain
720
1,900
0.7
Table 27. Potential Generation of Solar Energy Therefore, although the country with most installed capacity is Spain, China and the U.S.A. have a much higher potential resource.
Page 68
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
4.
July, 2012
MARKET DEVELOPMENTS IN 2011.
Some key points that are important to happen in every market to develop new energy sources, and CSP for the concerns of this report: a) Strategy
Security of electricity supply is an aspect of huge importance in terms of energy security. A range of issues (such as fuel supply, extreme weather and increasing variable renewable energy in the power mix, etc.) all have impacts on a country’s ability to secure the delivery of electricity to its households and industry. For China, electricity security is increasingly a concern since the consumption per capita is expecting to increase. Reliable and secure electricity supply is strongly important to the Chinese government’s fundamentals for policymaking, social stability and economic growth so CSP could play a very important role in this issue. b) Chinese market Solar profitable markets are located mostly in United States, Spain, Chile, North of Africa and Middle East, South Africa, Australia and China and India. As it has been seen in this report, China has a very rich potential amount of sun energy.
Figure 49. Global Concentrating Solar Power Markets
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 69
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
c) Technology In Technology, the shares from 2010 to 2025 will probably go from a very focused on Parabolic Trough (95%) and a little of tower (3%) to a technology share in 2025 of Trough (70%), Tower (20%), Fresnel (5%) and dish (5%).
Figure 50. Expected Technology Markets in the World d) Cost There are big challenges in cost reduction from 2012 to 2015: 5% reduction by the economies of scale (ES), by 2020 35% reduction by ES (where China could play an important role) and deployment of new technologies and 40% in 2025 with the cost and efficiency improvements.
Figure 51. Expected LCOE reductions from 2012 to 2050. Source ESTELA So if these 4 key points are satisfied as it can be, the CSP market in China will be a success. Page 70
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
4.1.
July, 2012
CURRENT CSP PROJECTS
The China CSP market is starting. Today the only real bid project was the 50 MW parabolic trough in Erdos, Inner Mongolia which is going to be the first demonstration project in China. There are also some pilot projects in course like the 1 MWe Dahan Tower plant located in the district of Beijing (Yanqing) at Badaling town, 1MW Dish power plant and 1.5 MWt Fresnel in Sanya, Hainan and 180 Kw parabolic trough power plant in Xinjiang. Currently the concentrated solar power demonstration projects approved in China are five (Table 28) considered as under construction but in a very early stage. In terms of technology three of them are parabolic trough and two of them are already unknown but with a high probability to be parabolic through. The location of the plants has been studied according to the direct solar radiation and the geographical adaptation to the terrain conditions. All of them are placed in the provinces around North and North-West of China. MW
Location
Developer
1. Gansu, Jinta
China Huadian
50
China Datang
50
2. Inner Mongolia, Erdos
Capacity
92.5 (where 3. Ningxia
Hanas
40 MW will be CSP)
4. Qinghai, Delingha
China GD Nuclear
5. Qinghai,
China Power
Geermu/Golmud
Investment TOTAL
50
Technology Parabolic Trough Parabolic Trough Parabolic Trough Parabolic Trough Parabolic
50-100
Trough or Tower
342.5
Table 28. Approved Projects in China. Source Intersolar As it can be seen in table the projects are alphabetically ordered by province location, three of the plants are 50 MW capacity power, one 92.5 MW (where 40 MW will be CSP) and the biggest one of 100 MW but it is not sure and could be 50 MW in the end. The total amount of installed power is going to be 342.5 MW in the next years and the first project will take place in Inner Mongolia as it is going to be developed in the next point.
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 71
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
4.2.
PILOT PROJECTS
4.2.1.
Small pilot projects by technology until 2012
During the period from 1995 to 2004, some parabolic troughs projects have been developed in China mostly by the IEECAS:
Figure 52. Source IEECAS Apart from these projects there have been some prototypes like the 150 KW Dish in Tianjin by Tianjing Caixi solar co. ltd ventured by USA solar and environmental technologies corporation (SETC) Co., 1 MW dish plant operating in Sanya Hainan, the 180 KW parabolic trough operating in Xnjiang developed by China Guodian Group by Guodian Qingsong Turpan New Energy Co. Ltd, and the 224 m parabolic trough pilot project developed by China Huadian Corporation in Hebei Province. It is important to take into account which projects have been the developed in every technology in China as it going to be analysed:
Page 72
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
a. Parabolic Trough In China six parabolic trough prototype systems have been developed. In Table the prototypes are ordered by date of release and as it can be seen the three of them have been developed by IEECAS with the two lasts in collaboration with Himin. Parabolic trough prototype
P1
P2
P3
P4
P5
P6
12
112
120
24
100
12
2.5
5.77
5.77
5.76
5.76
5.77
Working Temperature (ยบ C)
150 - 300
350
350
400
400
350
Time
2005
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
IEECAS + Himin
IEECAS + Himin
system Collector length (m) Aperture (m)
Beijing Zhinghang Developer
IEECAS
CHEC
Airport General Equipment Co.Ltd
Beijing University of Technology
Photo
Table 29. Parabolic Trough Prototypes
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 73
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
Figure 53. PT Prototypes Own Elaboration
Page 74
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
b. Central Power Tower i. Several heliostat prototypes have been developed during the period from 2003 to 2008 by IEECAS and Himin of 20, 22, 100, 107 and 125 m2. ii. There has been developed 1Mwe solar power pilot plant with an aperture area of 10,000m2 and 118 m tower height.
Figure 54. Power Tower Heliostats. Source IEECAS
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 75
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK c. Parabolic Dish iii. Dish concentrators: Guangzhou, Xian, Dezhou and Harbin
Figure 55. Dish Stirling Prototypes
Page 76
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
iv. Dish Sirling System: 1Kwe IEECAS and Xi´an Aeroengine controls, Aviation Industries of China.
Figure 56. Dish Stirling Prototypes
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 77
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
d. Linear Fresnel v. Himin Solar has planned to develop a CSP solar plant of 33000 m 2. vi. Lanzhou dacheng Technology has planned to develop a CSP solar plant of 96 m2.
Figure 57. Fresnel Prototypes
Page 78
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
4.2.2.
July, 2012
Dahan Tower Plant 1 MW Power Tower plant
This plant will act as an experimental and test platform. Based on criteria for CSP plant site selection, such as: solar resource, water resource, land, transportation, political importance, the Dahan plant has been located in the suburb of Beijing (North Latitude 40.4", East Longitude 115.9"), Dafutuo village, Badaling town, Yanqing County. ADB provided a grant of US$ 250,000 for this Dahan plant.
Figure 58. Dahan Power Plant Location. Source ADB The Dahan plant is composed of solar optical-thermal-power system, auxiliary boiler system and thermal storage system.
Figure 59. Dahan Power Plant. Source ADB
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 79
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
The basic parameters about the plant are: Parameters
Values 2
DNI (Kwh/m /year)
1290
Land area (m2)
53,360
Nominal capacity (MWe)
1
Heliostat aperture area (m2)
100
Heliostat number Tower height (m2) HTF
Water/Steam
Thermal Storage Medium
Saturated steam/ oil
Cooling method
Wet cooling
Turbine
Steam turbine
Table 30. Dahan Power Plant Parameters. Source ADB The stakeholders involved in this first pilot project, by discipline are:
Stakeholder Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Science (IEECAS) Northwest Electric Power Design
Contract Integration and operator
Value Chain Project Leader and plant owner
Design
Design Institute
China Huadian Engineering Co (CHEC)
Project Management
Project Management
Himin Solar
Heliostat and installation
Institute (NWEPDI)
Hebei Construction and Investment Group Jiangsu Taihu Boiler Company
Component supplier and constructor
Solar Tower Boiler and Thermal Storage device
Constructor Component supplier
Hangzhou Steam Turbine Company
Steam turbine
Component supplier
Xian Jiatong University
Water/steam receiver
Water/Steam
Table 31. Dahan Power Plant Stakeholders. Source ADB
Page 80
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
Since July 2011, Dahan tower plant has been put into commissioning experiments. The performance of the water/steam receiver supplied by Xian Jiaotong University has been tested, which generates 350°C, 2.15MPa steam and flows to the steam accumulator that has a volume of 100m3.With the same heliostats, the platform is testing the air receiver developed by the Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences with the metallic tower. By December 2011, the solar island and the conventional island haven’t been connected in total for the power generation.
Figure 60. Photos of Dahan Power Plant The 120m concrete tower has been capped and the peripheral structure is under construction. It is planned that the Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences will remove the water/steam receiver from the metallic tower to the 120m concrete tower for the permanent use. It is expected that by July 2012 the installation of the water/steam receiver on the concrete tower will be completed.
Figure 61. Photo of Dahan Power Plant
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 81
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK 4.3.
DEMONSTRATION PROJECTS
Although these demonstration projects are analysed as under construction the truth is that most of them are on a feasibility stage. In order to have a reliability for the big investments needed these plants probably are going to be 50 MW parabolic trough (or at least in a first stage) because is the technology with more commercial experience in Spain where is the country with most installed capacity as it have been seen in point 3 followed by the USA.
Figure 62. Functional scheme of the parabolic trough plant with thermal storage The HTF will be synthetic oil and natural gas backup boiler will probably be included with an overall contribution to the annual electricity production lower than 10%.
Parameter
Value
Technology
Parabolic trough
Nominal capacity (MW) HTF
50 Synthetic oil
Proportion of natural gas Storage
<10-15% Yes/No
Table 32. General Parameters of Future Demonstration Plants
Page 82
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
4.3.1.
July, 2012
Erdos, Inner Mongolia 50 MW Parabolic Trough
The bidding for the first parabolic trough design project in China was opened in January 2011 to construct the 50 MW CSP parabolic trough plant located in Inner Mongolia. Some of the requirements for the bidding were:
Parameter
Value
Construction period (months)
30
Concession operation period with fix FIT price (years)
25
Price fix FIT
<PV price
Proportion of natural gas
<10% Yes, with
Storage
molten salt Table 33. Erdos Solar Plant Parameters
With these clauses, three companies submitted the tendering documents for the bidding concession with the feed in tariff attach on the table below and all of them proposed by state owned enterprises:
Company
Feed in tariff (RMB/KWh)
China Guodian Co.
2.25
China Datang Co.
0.94
China Guangdong Nuclear Power
0.98
Table 34. Companiesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; bids China Datang Co. won the first bidding for concession and is going to the develop the first CSP molten salt commercial plant in China with the mission of hire the majority of the equipment made in China, technology independently developed and the project will be launched in 2012.
Prepared by Cayetano HernĂĄndez Lluna
Page 83
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK 4.3.2.
Gansu, Jinta, 50 MW Parabolic Trough
The developer is China Huadian Engineering Corporation; the technology will be parabolic trough with 1hour thermal storage. In terms of investment the project counts with the ADB support. The project implementation will be from 2013 to 2015 and the commercial operation in 2015. The project is on a prefeasibility study stage. Two locations have been analysed and the more relevant criteria of the chosen one are: The installed capacity of the plant has been fixed to 50 MW. The chosen locations plant is 4km to the east of Jinta County, Gansu Province. The available area is 51 km2. The DNI is around 1,900 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 2,000 KWh/m²/yr and the place have good infrastructure including land and water availabilities.
Figure 63. Jinta Power Plant Location The relevant landmarks are: To the east, hills; to the west the proposed Jiu Hang railway; to the south is Shi Sheng Road; to the north is Yang Jing Zi Wan farmland; to the southwest, at 3 km Jiu Hang Provincial Highway and at 8 Km national Reservoir-Mandarin Duck Pond.
Page 84
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
4.3.3.
July, 2012
Qinghai , Golmud, 50 MW Parabolic Trough
The project is on a prefeasibility study stage and will be develop by China Power Investment. Two locations have been analysed and the more relevant criteria of the chosen one are:
PARAMETER
LOCATION
DNI (Kwh/m2/year)
2,200
Maximum wind speed (m/s)
22
Distance to water source
Underground
Distance to the grid (km/KV)
5/330
Table 35. Golmud Project Location Parameters As ADB pointed out, Qinghai’s relevant landmarks are the following:
To the west is located Golmud city. And 5 km east from Golmud can be found a 330 kV substation.
To the south can be found the 109 National Highway.
At its surroundings, there can be found a solar PV power plant under construction.
Figure 64. Golmud Power Plant Location According to the urban and industrial planning for Golmud city, a large scale solar plant will be built on both sides of 109 National Highway from west to east. The site is flat and open. Its slope is less than 5 ‰. Its average altitude is about 2,870 meters and its available land area is higher than 6 km2.
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 85
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK 4.3.4.
Qinghai , Delingha, 50 MW Parabolic Trough
This plant is going to be developed by China Guangdong Nuclear solar energy development Corporation. The technology is going to be Parabolic trough with 7 hours of thermal storage. The project implementation will be from 2012 to 2014 and the commercial operation will be by the end of 2014. For the investment of the project ADB is currently conducting a detailed due diligence for about $100 $150 million equivalent debt financing. The location of the plant is in Qinghai province, in Haixi prefecture and Delingha city also known as Delhi as can be seen in the satellite image:
Figure 65. Delingha Location plant This location has a DNI of 1,976 kwh/m2/year and with over 3,100 day light hours per year. The Site is a Semi-arid condition place with cold climate and water scarce condition.
Page 86
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
4.3.5.
July, 2012
Ningxia Hanas 92.5 MW ISCC project
This plant is going to be developed by Hanas New energy Group with construction Partners North China power engineering and Siemens. The location is in the province of Ningxia in Wuzhong city prefecture, Yanchi County, and the town is Gaoshawo.
Figure 66. Ningxia Power Plant Location The plant capacity power will be 92.5 MWe and started its construction in October 2011 (The project is on hold at the moment since FIT is not confirmed by the Government). The technology: for the solar plant that will be combined with coal (or gas) is going to be parabolic trough and probably with storage. The total investment plant is 2250 mill RMB and is going to be the First ISCC demonstration project in Asia. It is expected to be in operation in October 2013.
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 87
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK 4.4.
SUMMARY OF PROJECTS
To sum up (as it is determined in the ADB Technical Assistance Consultant’s Report) the China CSP projects by companies, the top five utilities groups in PRC are leading CSP project development on the strength of capital and technical and human resources. 1. China Huadian Engineering Co., Ltd., as one of the earliest involvers in CSP development, has built up a 200kW PT solar power experiment system, and made some progresses on receivers and integration technology for a PT plant. It has implemented preparation work on CSP projects in Jinta County of Gansu province and Golmud City of Qinghai province. 2. China Guodian Corporation has constructed a 180kW PT power testing plant in Turpan of Xingjiang Autonomous Zone, it went into trial operation, connected to the grid (but with some problems because the steam temperature is too low, around 150 ºC), in 13 June of 2011, and plans to further develop 150MW CSP projects till 2015 in Turpan. 3. China Datang Corporation started construction of a 10MW PT CSP pilot plant in Gansu at the end of 2010, jointly invested with Baoding Tianwei Group. China Datang Corporation Renewable Power Co., Ltd. bid on the first concession PT CSP project in PRC at the tariff of 0.94 CNY/kWh, which had been approved by NEA in September of 2011. 4. China Power Investment Corporation plans to develop 1,000MW CSP demonstration project in Golmud, Qinghai province, the first phase of this plan should be started in May of 2011 (but still on hold), with installed capacity of 10-100 MW and total investment of 3.1 billion CNY, jointly developed by Huanghe Hydropower Development Co., Ltd. (a sub-company of China Power Investment Corporation) and Shanghai Gongdian Energy Co., Ltd. 5. China Huaneng Group has initiated R&D on 1.5MW CSP Fresnel testing system in Hainan, and plans 200MW up CSP projects in Xinjiang Autonomous Zone and 50MW CSP project in Lhasa, and intends to expand business into CSP manufacturing sector. Besides, increasing number of large state-owned and local energy enterprises and CSP equipment manufacturers are getting involved in CSP project development in PRC.
China Guangdong Nuclear Power Group (CGN) signed a memorandum of understanding with Solar Millennium on CSP cooperation in January of 2011, and started construction of a 50MW CSP project and experiment base in Delingha City, Qinghai province, in September of 2011. CGN Solar Energy Co., Ltd. plans to invest in four 50MW CSP projects in Wuwei and 50 MW in Jiuquan of Gansu province till 2015.
Page 88
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
Hanas New Energy Group started construction of the parabolic trough solar and natural gas combined cycle power plant, with installed capacity of 92.5MW and total investment of 2.25 billion CNY, in October of 2011 in Ningxia.
Inner Mongolia Lenon New Energy Co. Ltd implemented preparation work for Inner Mongolia CSP project, i.e. Ordos 50MW concession project.
Baoding Tianwei Group plans 100MW CSP projects in Sichuan province (which probably will be switched to Xinjiang), and it has allied with China Datang Corporation Renewable Power Co., Ltd. For 1.5MW CSP project in Gansu and 50MW CSP project in Ordos.
Shanghai Gongdian Energy Technology Co., Ltd. plans to build up a 100MW solar tower power plant.
Tianjin Solar and Environmental Technologies Corporation planned to set up a 6MW CSP plant and 130 MW block of new type dish CSP power block in Xizang. But the company has been bankrupt.
Beijing Kangtuo Holding plans 550MW CSP plants in Inner Mongolia.
CAMDA Generator Works Co., Ltd. plans to invest 120 million CNY on CSP international cooperation platform.
To conclude the planned installed capacity in China in short and long term will exceed the first plans determined by NDRC of 1GW by 2015 and 3 GW by 2020: Solar Installed Capacity (Short
Solar Installed Capacity (Long
term)
term)
TOTAL (MW)
1370.8
6099
TOTAL (GW)
1.37
6.1
Table 36. Total Installed Capacity Forecast in China Around 1.4 GW of CSP projects in short term are in preparation in PRC to be operating by the date of 2015 and around 6 GW of CSP projects are planning to turn into construction before 2020. In Table 37, all the projects are organized by status and province in alphabetical order. In Figure 67 all the projects have been drawn in a map of PRC dividing the projects by status in three different colours in green for operating projects, yellow for projects under construction and red for projects planning. Also in this map, it is taking into account the technology probably constructed in all the cases.
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 89
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
General Level
Projects
Location
PROVINCE OR REGION
Local Level
Developer
July, 2012
Solar MW Capacity
Solar MW Capacity
(Short term)
(Long term)
Technology
Status
C1
HAINAN SANYA 1MW PILOT
SANYA
HAINAN
H1
ECUBE ENERGY
1
Dish
Operating
C1-2
HAINAN SANYA 1,5 MW PILOT
SANYA
HAINAN
H2
HUANENG
1.5
132
Fresnel
Operating
C2
XINJIANG TURPAN 180 KW PILOT PROJECT
TURPAN
XINJIANG
X1
CHINA GUODIAN GROUP BY GUODIAN QINGSONG TURPAN NEW ENERGY CO. LTD.
0.18
150
Parabolic Trough
Operating
C3
BEIJING DAHAN 1MW PILOT PROJECT
YANQING
BEIJING
B1
IEECAS
1
Power Tower
Under Construction Under Construction
C4
GANSU JINTA 50 MW
JINTA
GANSU
G1
CHINA HUADIAN ENGINEERING CO.
50
Parabolic Trough
C5
INNER MONGOLIA ERDOS 50 MW
ERDOS
INNER MONGOLIA
I1
CHINA DATANG CORP. RENEWABLE POWER
50
Parabolic Trough
Under Construction
C6
NINGXIA 92,5 MW ISCC PROJECT
WUZHONG CITY
NINGXIA
N1
HANAS NEW ENERGY GROUP
92.5
Parabolic Trough (ISCC)
Under Construction9
C7
QINGHAI GOLMUD 100-1000 MW PROJECT
GOLMUD
QINGHAI
Q1
CHINA POWER INVESTMENT CORP.
100
Parabolic Trough
Under Construction10
C8
QINGHAI DELINGHA 50 MW
DELINGHA
QINGHAI
Q2
CHINA GUANGDONG NUCLEAR SOLAR ENERGY DEVELOPMENT CORP.
50
Parabolic Trough
Under Construction
C9
SHANDONG DEZHOU 2,5 MW PILOT PROJECT
DEZHOU
SHANDONG
SD1
HIMIN
2.5
Fresnel
Under Construction
C10
GANSU JIUQUAN 10 MW
JIUQUAN
GANSU
G2
CHINA DATANG CORPORATION AND TIANWEI NEW ENERGY
10
Parabolic Trough
Planning
C11
GANSU JIUQUAN 50 MW
JIUQUAN
GANSU
G3
CHINA GUANDONG NUCLEAR POWER GRUP (GDN)
50
Parabolic Trough
Planning
C12
GANSU WUWEI 50-200 MW
WUWEI
GANSU
G4
CHINA GUANDONG NUCLEAR POWER GRUP (GDN)
50
C13
GANSU 1,5 MW
JIAYUGUAN
GANSU
G5
BAODING TIANWEI GROUP AND CHINA DATANG
C14
GANSU 100 MW
Not Known
GANSU
G6
C15
GUANDONG 1MW
Not Known
GUANDONG
GD1
C16
INNER MONGOLIA ERDOS 30 MW
ERDOS
INNER MONGOLIA
C17
INNER MONGOLIA 550 MW
Not Known
C18
JIANGSU NANJING 100 KW
C19
1000
Parabolic Trough
Planning
1.5
Parabolic Trough
Planning11
SETC TIANJIN COMPANY
100
Parabolic Trough
Planning
CAMDA NEW ENERGY
1
Parabolic Trough
Planning
I2
BEIJING CONTROL TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT
30
Parabolic Trough
Planning
INNER MONGOLIA
I3
BEIJING KANGTUO HOLDING
Parabolic Trough
Planning
NANJING
JIANGSU
J1
NANJING ZHONGCAITIANCHENG NEW ENERGY COMPANY
0.1
Parabolic Trough
Planning
NINGXIA 100 MW
Not Known
NINGXIA
N2
BEIJING CONTROL TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT
100
Parabolic Trough
Planning
C20
QINGHAI DELINGHA 50 MW
DELINGHA
QINGHAI
Q3
QINGHAI SUPCON SOLAR THERMAL POWER CO. LTD
50
Power Tower
Planning12
C21
QINGHAI GOLMUD 50-100 MW
GOLMUD
QINGHAI
Q4
GD ENERGY
50
Parabolic Trough
Planning
C22
QINGHAI GOLMUD 50 MW
GOLMUD
QINGHAI
Q5
CHINA HUADIAN ENGINEERGING CO. LTD
50
Parabolic Trough
Planning
C23
QINGHAI 50-1000 MW
Not Known
QINGHAI
Q6
LION INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENT
50
1000
Parabolic Trough
Planning
C24
SHAANXI 50-2000 MW
Not Known
SHAANXI
SH1
SHANDONG PENGLAI AND ESOLAR
50
2000
Parabolic Trough
Planning
C25
SICHUAN ABAZHOU 100 MW
ABAZHOU13
SICHUAN
SC1
BAODING TIANWEI GROUP (TIANWEI NEW ENERGY)
100
Parabolic Trough
Planning
C26
TIBET LHASA 50 MW
LHASA
TIBET
T1
CHINA HUANENG TIBET COMPANY
50
Parabolic Trough
Planning
C27
TIBET 6-130 MW
Not Known
TIBET
T2
TIANJING CAIXI SOLAR CO. AND SETC CO.
6
130
Dish
Planning
C28
XINJIANG 1,5-200 MW
Not Known
XINJIANG
X2
CHINA HUANENG GROUP
1.5
200
Parabolic Trough
Planning
C29
XINJIANG 337 MW PROJECTS
Not Known
XINJIANG
X3
CHINA GUODIAN GROUP BY GUODIAN QINGSONG TURPAN NEW ENERGY CO. LTD
337
Parabolic Trough
Planning
C30
XINJIANG 12-300 MW
Not Known
XINJIANG
X4
300
Parabolic Trough
Planning
C31
Not Known
Not Known
Not Known
Not Known
Avic Xian Aero Engine Group. Ltd
100
Not Known
Not Known
C32
Not Known
Not Known
Not Known
Not Known
China Huadian Corporation
50
Not Known
Not Known
C33
Not Known
Not Known
Not Known
Not Known
Guandong Kangda
100
Not Known
Not Known
C34
Not Known
Not Known
Not Known
Not Known
Shanghai Gongdian Energy Technology Co. Ltd
100
Not Known
Not Known
550
XINJIANG QUINGSONG BUILDING MATERIALS AND CHEMICALS GROUP CO. LTD AND GUODIAN XINJIANG COMPANY
200
12
100
Table 37. Summary of projects
9
On hold On hold 11 In process of under construction 12 In process of under construction 13 Probably change to Xicang 10
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 90
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
Figure 67. CSP China Plant Locations
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 91
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
I. PROJECTS OPERATING 1. HAINAN 2. XINJIANG II. PROJECTS UNDER CONSTRUCTION 1. BEIJING 2. GANSU 3. INNER MONGOLIA 4. NINGXIA 5. QINGHAI 6. SHANDONG III.
PROJECTS PLANNING 1. GANSU 2. GUANDONG 3. INNER MONGOLIA 4. JIANGSU 5. NINGXIA 6. QINGHAI 7. SHAANXI 8. SICHUAN 9. TIBET 10. XINJIANG
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 92
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
I. PROJECTS OPERATING 1. HAINAN HAINAN SANYA 1MW PILOT PROJECT (H1)
OWNER: ECUBE ENERGY LOCATION: HAINAN, SANYA PROVINCE: SANYA POWER: 1MW STATUS: OPERATING TECHNOLOGY: DISH DNI: 1700 KWh/m2/year HOURS: 2500 h/year TOTAL LAND AREA: 384,OOO m2 ESTIMATED POWER GENERATION: 1.5 mill Kwh TOTAL INVESTMENT: 35 mill RMB OPERATION: FEBRUARY 2012
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 93
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK I. PROJECTS OPERATING 1. HAINAN SANYA NANSHAN 1.5 MW PILOT PROJECT (S0)
OWNER: CHINA HUANENG
LOCATION: SANYA, NANSHAN
PROVINCE: XINJIANG
POWER: 1.5 MWTH
POWER: 132 MW GAS COMBINED CYCLE LONG TERM
TOTAL INVESTMENT: 10 Million RMB
STATUS: OPERATING
TECHNOLOGY: FRESNEL
Page 94
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
I.
July, 2012
PROJECTS OPERATING 2. XINJIANG XINJIANG TURPAN 180 KW PILOT PROJECT (X1) 14
14
OWNER: CHINA GUODIAN GROUP BY GUODIAN QINGSONG TURPAN NEW ENERGY CO., LTD. LOCATION: XINJIANG, TURPAN (OR TURFAN) PROVINCE: XINJIANG POWER: 180 KW SHORT TERM POWER: 150 MW LONG TERM (2015) STATUS: OPERATING TECHNOLOGY: PARABOLIC TROUGH
The project is having some problems and no power generation is available now
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 95
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK II. PROJECTS UNDER CONSTRUCTION 1. BEIJING BEIJING DAHAN 1MW PILOT PROJECT TOWER PLANT (B1) 15
15
OWNER: IEECAS LOCATION: BEIJING, YANQING COUNTY , BADALING TOWN, DAFUTUO VILLAGE PROVINCE: BEIJING POWER: 1MW STATUS: UNDER CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY: POWER TOWER DNI: 1290 KWh/m2/year LAND AREA: 53,360 M2 HELIOSTAT AREA: 10,000 M2 TOWER HEIGHT: 120 M HTF: WATER/STEAM COOLING METHOD: WET COOLING EXPECTED OPERATION: JUNIO 2012 FIRST COMERCIAL POWER TOWER IN CHINA FINANCIALLY SUPPORT BY ADB WITH $ 250,000
It could be considered in operation
Page 96
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
II. PROJECTS UNDER CONSTRUCTION 2. GANSU GANSU JINTA 50 MW PROJECT (G1)
OWNER: CHINA HUADIAN ENGINEERING CO. LOCATION: GANSU, JINTA PROVINCE: GANSU POWER: 50 MW STATUS: UNDER CONSTRUCTION BUT IN VERY EARLY STAGE WITH PREPARATION WORK TECHNOLOGY: PARABOLIC TROUGH WILL BE FINANCED BY ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK (ADB)
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 97
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK II.
PROJECTS UNDER CONSTRUCTION 3. INNER MONGOLIA INNER MONGOLIA ERDOS 50 MW PROJECT (I1)
OWNER: CHINA DATANG CORP. RENEWABLE POWER LOCATION: INNER MONGOLIA, ERDOS PROVINCE: INNER MONGOLIA POWER: 50 MW STATUS: UNDER CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY: PARABOLIC TROUGH STORAGE: YES PROPORTION OF NATURAL GAS: <10% DNI: 1950 KWh/m2/year CONSTRUCTION PERIOD: 30 months OPERATION PERIOD: 25 years FIT: 0.94 RMB/kwh FIRST BIDDING PROJECT IN CHINA WILL BE FINANCED BY WORLD BANK APPROVED BY NEA IN SEPTEMBER 2011 AND NDRC IN JANUARY 2012
Page 98
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
II.
July, 2012
PROJECTS UNDER CONSTRUCTION 4. NINGXIA NINGXIA HANAS 92.5 MW ISCC PROJECT (N1)
OWNER: HANAS NEW ENERGY GROUP LOCATION: NINGXIA, WUZHONG CITY, YANCHI COUNTY, GAOSHAWO PROVINCE: NINGXIA POWER: 92.5 Mwe STATUS: UNDER CONSTRUCTION (STARTED IN OCTOBER 2011) TECHNOLOGY: PARABOLIC TROUGH CONSTRUCTION PARTNERS: NORTH CHINA POWER ENGINEERING AND SIEMENS STORAGE: YES TOTAL INVESTMENT: 2250 mill RMB FIRST ISCC DEMONSTRATION PROJECT IN ASIA EXPECTED OPERATION: OCTOBER 2013
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 99
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK II.
PROJECTS UNDER CONSTRUCTION 5. QINGHAI QINGHAI GOLMUD 10-1000 MW PROJECT (Q1) 16
OWNER: CHINA POWER INVESTMENT CORP. LOCATION: QINGHAI, HAIXI, GOLMUD (Ge'ermu or Geermu) POWER: 10 MW SHORT TERM POWER: 1000 MW LONG TERM STATUS: UNDER CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY: PARABOLIC TROUGH STORAGE: YES DNI: 2200 KWh/m2/year
16
There are doubts about the size 10 or 100 MW in the first stage and the technology Parabolic Trough or Tower
Page 100
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
III.
July, 2012
PROJECTS UNDER CONSTRUCTION 5. QINGHAI QINGHAI DELINGHA 50 MW PROJECT (Q2)
OWNER: CHINA GUANGDONG NUCLEAR SOLAR ENERGY DEVELOPMENT CORP. LOCATION: QINGHAI, HAIXI, DELINGHA (or Delhi) PROVINCE: QINGHAI POWER: 50 MW STATUS: UNDER CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY: PARABOLIC TROUGH STORAGE: YES DNI: 2100 KWh/m2/year WILL BE FINANCED BY ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 101
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK II.
PROJECTS UNDER CONSTRUCTION 6. SHANDONG SHANDONG DEZHOU 2.5 MW FRESNEL PROJECT (SD1)
OWNER: HIMIN LOCATION: SHANDONG, DEZHOU PROVINCE: SHANDONG POWER: 2.5 MW STATUS: UNDER CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY: FRESNEL LAND AREA: 53,360 M2 HELIOSTAT AREA: 10,000 M2 TOWER HEIGHT: 120 M HTF: WATER/STEAM COOLING METHOD: WET COOLING EXPECTED OPERATION: JUNE 2012 FIRST COMERCIAL FRESNEL IN CHINA
Page 102
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
III.
July, 2012
PROJECTS PLANNING 1. GANSU GANSU JIUQUAN 10 MW PROJECT (G2)
OWNER: CHINA DATANG CORPORATION AND TIANWEI NEW ENERGY LOCATION: GANSU, JIUQUAN, YUMEN PROVINCE: GANSU POWER: 10 MW STATUS: PLANNING TECHNOLOGY: PARABOLIC TROUGH
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 103
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
III.
PROJECTS PLANNING 1. GANSU GANSU JIUQUAN 50 MW PROJECT (G3)
Page 104
OWNER: CHINA GUANDONG NUCLEAR POWER GRUP (GDN) LOCATION: GANSU, JIUQUAN PROVINCE: GANSU POWER: 50 MW STATUS: PLANNING TECHNOLOGY: PARABOLIC TROUGH EXPECTED CONSTRUCTION BEFORE 2015
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
III.
July, 2012
PROJECTS PLANNING 1. GANSU GANSU WUWEI 50-200 MW PROJECT (G4)
OWNER: CHINA GUANDONG NUCLEAR POWER GRUP (GDN) LOCATION: GANSU, WUWEI PROVINCE: GANSU POWER: 50-200 MW STATUS: PLANNING TECHNOLOGY: PARABOLIC TROUGH EXPECTED CONSTRUCTION BEFORE 2015
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 105
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK III. PROJECTS PLANNING 1. GANSU GANSU 1.5 MW PROJECT (G5) 17
17
OWNER: BAODING TIANWEI GROUP AND CHINA DATANG LOCATION: GANSU PROVINCE: GANSU POWER: 1.5 MW STATUS: PLANNING TECHNOLOGY: PARABOLIC TROUGH
It is going to enter into under construction phase
Page 106
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
III. PROJECTS PLANNING 1. GANSU GANSU 100 MW PROJECT (G6) I. II. III. IV. V. VI.
OWNER: SETC TIANJIN COMPANY LOCATION: GANSU PROVINCE: GANSU POWER: 100 MW STATUS: PLANNING TECHNOLOGY: PARABOLIC TROUGH
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 107
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK III.
PROJECTS PLANNING 2. GUANDONG GUANDONG 1MW PROJECT (GD1) 18
18
OWNER: CAMDA NEW ENERGY LOCATION: GUANDONG PROVINCE: GUANDONG POWER: 1 MW STATUS: PLANNING TECHNOLOGY: PARABOLIC TROUGH
It is going to enter into under construction phase
Page 108
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
III.
July, 2012
PROJECTS PLANNING 3. INNER MONGOLIA INNER MONGOLIA ERDOS 30 MW PROJECT (I2)
OWNER: BEIJING CONTROL TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT LOCATION: INNER MONGOLIA, ERDOS PROVINCE: INNER MONGOLIA POWER: 30 MW STATUS: PLANNING TECHNOLOGY: PARABOLIC TROUGH STORAGE: YES
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 109
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
III.
PROJECTS PLANNING 3. INNER MONGOLIA INNER MONGOLIA 550 MW PROJECTS (I3)
OWNER: BEIJING CONTROL TECHNOLOGY CO. LTD LOCATION: INNER MONGOLIA PROVINCE: INNER MONGOLIA POWER: 550 MW STATUS: PLANNING TECHNOLOGY: PARABOLIC TROUGH
Page 110
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
III. PROJECTS PLANNING 4. JIANGSU JIANGSU NANJING 100 KW PROJECT (J1)
OWNER: NANJING ZHONGCAITIANCHENG NEW ENERGY COMPANY LOCATION: NANJING PROVINCE: JIANGSU POWER: 100 KW STATUS: PLANNING TECHNOLOGY: PARABOLIC TROUGH SUPPORTED BY NANJING MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 111
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK III. PROJECTS PLANNING 5. NINGXIA NINGXIA 100 MW PROJECT (N2)
OWNER: BEIJING CONTROL TECHNOLOGY CO. LTD LOCATION: NINGXIA PROVINCE: NINGXIA POWER: 100 MW STATUS: PLANNING TECHNOLOGY: PARABOLIC TROUGH
Page 112
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
III. PROJECTS PLANNING 6. QINGHAI QINGHAI DELINGHA 50 MW PROJECT (Q3) 19
19
OWNER: QINGHAI SUPCON SOLAR THERMAL POWER CO. LTD LOCATION: QINGHAI, HAIXI, DELINGHA (OR DELHI) PROVINCE: QINGHAI POWER: 50 MW STATUS: PLANNING TECHNOLOGY: POWER TOWER TECHNOLOGY PROVIDER: ZHEJIANG SUPCON CO. LTD AREA: 3.3 Km2 ESTIMATED POWER GENERATION: 120 mill Kwh
It is going to enter into under construction phase
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 113
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK III. PROJECTS PLANNING 6. QINGHAI QINGHAI GOLMUD 50-100 MW PROJECT (Q4)
OWNER: GD ENERGY LOCATION: QINGHAI, HAIXI, GOLMUD (Ge'ermu or Geermu) POWER: 50-100 MW STATUS: PLANNING TECHNOLOGY: PARABOLIC TROUGH STORAGE: YES DNI: 2200 KWh/m2/year
Page 114
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
III. PROJECTS PLANNING 6. QINGHAI QINGHAI GOLMUD 50 MW PROJECT (Q5)
OWNER: CHINA HUADIAN ENGINEERGING CO. LTD. LOCATION: QINGHAI, HAIXI, GOLMUD (Ge'ermu or Geermu) POWER: 50 MW STATUS: PLANNING TECHNOLOGY: PARABOLIC TROUGH STORAGE: YES DNI: 2200 KWh/m2/year
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 115
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
III. PROJECTS PLANNING 6. QINGHAI QINGHAI 50-1000 MW PROJECT (Q6)
OWNER: LION INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENT LOCATION: QINGHAI POWER: 50-1000 MW STATUS: PLANNING TECHNOLOGY: PARABOLIC TROUGH STORAGE: YES
Page 116
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
III. PROJECTS PLANNING 7. SHAANXI SHAANXI 50-2000 MW PROJECT (SH1)
OWNER: SHANDONG PENGLAI AND ESOLAR
LOCATION: SHAANXI
PROVINCE: SHAANXI
POWER: 2000 MW
STATUS: PLANNING
TECHNOLOGY: PARABOLIC TROUGH
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 117
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK III. PROJECTS PLANNING 8. SICHUAN SICHUAN ABAZHOU 100 MW PROJECT (SC 1) 20
20
OWNER: BAODING TIANWEI GROUP (TIANWEI NEW ENERGY) LOCATION: SICHUAN, ABAZHOU PROVINCE: SICHUAN POWER: 100 MW STATUS: PLANNING TECHNOLOGY: PARABOLIC TROUGH
It will probably change to Xichang, liangshan zhou
Page 118
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
III. PROJECTS PLANNING 9. TIBET TIBET LHASA 50 MW PROJECT (T1)
OWNER: CHINA HUANENG TIBET COMPANY
LOCATION: TIBET, LHASA
PROVINCE: TIBET
POWER: 50 MW
STATUS: PLANNING
TECHNOLOGY: PARABOLIC TROUGH
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 119
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK III. PROJECTS PLANNING 9. TIBET TIBET 6-130 MW PROJECT (T1) 21
OWNER: TIANJING CAIXI SOLAR CO. LTD VENTURED BY USA SOLAR AND ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION (SETC) CO.
21
LOCATION: TIBET
PROVINCE: TIBET
POWER: 50 MW
STATUS: PLANNING AFTER PREVIOUS 150 KW DEMO PROJECT IN TIANJIN
TECHNOLOGY: DISH
The company entered bankruptcy
Page 120
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
III. PROJECTS PLANNING 10. XINJIANG XINJIANG 1.5-200 MW PROJECTS (X2)
OWNER: CHINA HUANENG GROUP LOCATION: XINJIANG PROVINCE: XINJIANG POWER: 1.5 MW SHORT TERM POWER: 200 MW LONG TERM STATUS: PLANNING TECHNOLOGY: PARABOLIC TROUGH ESTIMATED DATE: 2012-2020
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 121
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
III. PROJECTS PLANNING 10. XINJIANG XINJIANG 337 MW PROJECTS (X3)
OWNER: CHINA GUODIAN GROUP BY GUODIAN QINGSONG TURPAN NEW ENERGY CO. LTD.
LOCATION: XINJIANG
PROVINCE: XINJIANG
POWER: 337 MW LONG TERM
STATUS: PLANNING
TECHNOLOGY: PARABOLIC TROUGH
ESTIMATED DATE: 2012-2020
Page 122
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
III. PROJECTS PLANNING 10. XINJIANG XINJIANG 12-300 MW PROJECTS (X4)
OWNER: XINJIANG QINGSONG BUILDING MATERIALS AND CHEMICALS GROUP CO. LTD AND GUODIAN XINJIANG COMPANY
LOCATION: XINJIANG
PROVINCE: XINJIANG
POWER: 12 MW SHORT TERM
POWER: 300 MW LONG TERM
STATUS: PLANNING
TECHNOLOGY: PARABOLIC TROUGH
ESTIMATED DATE: 2012-2020
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 123
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5. 5.1.
July, 2012
THE CHINESE SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY SECTOR INTRODUCTION
Before looking in detail who the stakeholders that participate in the STE (Solar Thermal Electricity) field are, it is necessary to see what the different participants are before the start of the CSP Project.
Figure 68. Pyramidal Structure of CSP Project. Source ADB At the first stage the Policy makers and governmental institutions formulate policies to make CSP Projects happen and approved. Once the policy is decided usually with some incentives to investors and project developers Although the market is still developing, the Chinese CSP industry sector is dominated by the so-called Big 5 Utilities, China Guodian, China Huaneng, China Power Investment, China Datang and China Huadian, which operate in China as Project Developers, Utility and EPC. Within the industry, some local equipment suppliers like Himin or Huiyin and first European CSP players like SIEMENS, Schott, or Abengoa have started to enter the Chinese market. In terms of Research and Development the efforts are taken by IEECAS (Institute of Electrical Engineering Chinese Academy of Science) which is coordinating the China subsidies on CSP in their platform in Badaling located at the north of Beijing and the Institute is developing the first China 1 MW power tower as well as some other small pilot projects of other technologies. According to Figure 68 the players in the CSP Market will be included inside next big categories which will be later detailed with the Chinese agents in each of the stages:
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 124
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
1. POLICY MAKERS
Political institutions
CSP agencies
2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 3. FINANCING SECTOR
Investment and finance
4. PROJECT DEVELOPERS 5. INDUSTRY
Materials
Components o
Mirrors
o
Receivers
o
Support structure
o
Control system
o
Molten salt/heat storage
o
Steam generator
o
Power block and pumps
o
System integration
6. CONSTRUCTION
EPC Companies
7. UTILITIES
Generation
8. DISTRIBUTION
Transmission
Substation
Distribution
Dispatching
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 125
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.2.
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS
5.2.1.
National Government
The State Council synonymous with the Central People's Government of China since 1954 (particularly in relation to local governments), is the chief administrative authority of the People's Republic of China.
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO START DATE/OWNER CONTACT INFO
The central people’s government http://www.gov.cn/ztzl/zb_gwy.htm http://english.gov.cn/ 1949
State
Address: Zhongnanhai, adjacent to Forbidden City (Chinese White House of New Forbidden City) Main functions of central government:
DESCRIPTION
1. According to the constitution and laws, formulate administrative rules and regulations. Issue decisions and orders 2. Propose to the National People’s Congress or the standing committee 3. Lead over the local organs of state administration 4. Lead and manage education, science, culture, health, sports and family planning work 5. Manage foreign affairs
Table 38. The central people’s government
Page 126
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.2.2.
July, 2012
NDRC- National Development and Reform Commission
National Development and Reform Commission
NDRC COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
http://en.ndrc.gov.cn/ START DATE/OWNER
1952
STATE-OWNED
Address: 38.S., Yuetan Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, China, 100824 CONTACT INFO
DESCRIPTION
Tel: 0086-10-68503333 Fax: 0086-10-68505845 E-mail: ndrc@ndrc.gov.cn Main functions of the NDRC: 1. http://en.ndrc.gov.cn/mfndrc/default.htm Table 39. NDRC
NDRC is one of the most important organizations in China and is a macroeconomic management agency under the Chinese State Council, which has broad administrative and planning control over the Chinese economy. Within the wide range of functions of NDRC is also in charge of Energy planning and pricing.
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 127
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.2.3.
NEA- National Energy Administration
National Energy Administration
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO START DATE/OWNER
NEA http://www.nea.gov.cn/ 2008
STATE-OWNED
Address: 38.S., Yuetan Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, China, 100824 CONTACT INFO
Tel: 0086-10Fax: 0086-10E-mail: nea@nea.gov.cn Main functions of the NEA:
DESCRIPTION
1. http://www.nea.gov.cn/gjnyj/index.htm Table 40. National Energy Administration
In 2008, National Energy Administration (NEA) was founded under NDRC, however, in January 2010, the State Council decided to set up a National Energy Commission (NEC), headed by current Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao. The commission will be responsible for drafting national energy development plan, reviewing energy security and major energy issues and coordinating domestic energy development and international cooperation. The National Energy Bureau (NEA) is under the supervision of NDRC and responsible of developing plans, policy framework and administering all the energies in China, including coal, oil, gas, nuclear, new energies and renewable energies.
Page 128
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.2.4.
July, 2012
CNREC- China National Renewable Energy Centre
China National Renewable Energy Centre
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO START DATE/OWNER
CONTACT INFO
CNREC Http://www.cnrec.org.cn Http://www.cnrec.info 2012
GuoHong Mansion, A11, Muxidibeili, XiCheng, District Beijing, 100038, P. R. China Tel: 86-10-63908499 Fax: 86-10-63908293
DESCRIPTION
STATE-OWNED
Main functions of the CNREC: Conduct policy, strategy and planning research, in support of national and regional governmental decision making Conduct RE research industry Manage and implement national energy demonstration project. Capture national and international sector data for analysis and provide research-based information. Carry out extensive international exchanges and cooperation and assist in the management of the international renewable energy cooperation projects. Table 41. CNREC
Reporting to NEA, a new agency for renewable energies has been created: CNREC (China National Renewable Energy Centre) to assist in renewable (RE) policy research and industrial management and coordination. The agency will research RE development strategy, planning, policy and regulation, coordinate and implement industrial standardization, manage and coordinate international and regional cooperation, etc., as well as other functions.
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 129
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.2.5.
MOF- Ministry of Finance
Ministry of Finance
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
MOF http://www.mof.gov.cn/
START DATE/OWNER
1949
STATE-OWNED
Address: No. 3, Nansanxiang, Sanlihe, Xicheng District, Beijing, China, 100820 CONTACT INFO
Tel: 0086-10-68551114 Fax: 0086-10E-mail: webmaster@mof.gov.cn Main functions of the MOF: 1. http://www.mof.gov.cn/zhengwuxinxi/benbugaikuang
DESCRIPTION
/ Table 42. Ministry of Finance
5.2.6.
MOST-Ministry of Science and Technology
Ministry of Science and Technology
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO START DATE/OWNER CONTACT INFO
DESCRIPTION
MOST http://www.most.gov.cn/eng/index. htm 1958
STATE-OWNED
Address: 15 B, Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China, 100862 Tel: 0086-10-58881800 Fax: 0086-10Main functions of the MOST: 1. http://www.most.gov.cn/eng/organization/mission/ Table 43. Ministry of Science and Technology
Page 130
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.2.7.
July, 2012
PRICE BUREAU
Price Bureau – under NDRC now
Price Bureau
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO http://jgs.ndrc.gov.cn START DATE/OWNER
1952
STATE-OWNED
Address: No.38,Yue Tan Nan Street, Xicheng District Beijing, 100824
CONTACT INFO
Email: jgs@ndrc.gov.cn The Department of Price of NDRC is consisted of 12 sub branches in charge of the price of different aspects. The “Branch of Electric Power Price” regulates Price of new energy. Department of Price of NDRC is responsible for forecasting price changes, COMPANY DESCRIPTION
recommending objectives, policies and reform plans for price adjustment; formulating price and fee-charging policies and regulations; putting forward the scope, principles and measures of price management, making recommendations on revision of government pricing catalog; setting and adjusting prices and fees administered by the central government; and organizing cost investigation concerning major agricultural products, commodities and services. Table 44. Price Bureau
Policies about New Energy, Solar, and CSP (but more developed in point 2.2.3 Feed in Tariff) The Department of Price of NDRC has issued a series of policies on renewable energy industries. These policies include the following four aspects: 1. Policy stimulus to guide the local construction and management of new energy plants. 2. Price adjustment of additional renewable energy tariff (taxes from the traditional electricity plants to the government to support the development the new energy industries). 3. Adjustment of national electricity price. 4. Consummating the wind power and the solar power grid tariff. In January 2006, draft of Renewable Energy Management on Price and Cost-sharing was issued. It is shown in this draft that only the government has the priority to regulate the price of renewable energies.
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 131
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
Principle of "Reasonable costs plus reasonable profit" is necessary when the government decides the price. Moreover, the part of renewable energy prices higher than that of the local desulphurization coal-fired electricity, should be shared by the electricity sales at and above provincial level. The draft also brought up the method of calculating of the additional renewable energy tariff (taxes from the traditional electricity plants to the government). Besides, the additional renewable energy tariff was originally 0.2 cents per KWh, while it was increased to 0.4 cents in November 2009. And in January 2012, the standard doubled again. Companies in the field of new energy felt very excited upon this, because the more taxes charged from the traditional power plants, the more financial support and new chances they will get. The Department of Price of NDRC has adjusted the national electricity price five times since the year 2006, namely the first time in June 2006; the second time in July 2008; the third time in November 2009; the fourth time in November 2010; and the most recent is in December 2011. Adjustment of national electricity price is for the reasons of both the increasing cost on coal and also for the consideration of encouraging the development of new energy industries. To support the development of the wind power industry, the Department of Price of NDRC issued the â&#x20AC;&#x153;Notice for Consummating Wind Power Grid Tariff Policy" in July, 2009, suggesting that the standard on-grid tariff of on-shore wind project will be regulated according to different areas with different wind resources and construction conditions. It was decided that standard on-grid tariff of wind project will be regulated within four classes of wind resources area. Rules of additional renewable energy tariff remained unchanged. To boost the solar power industry, the Department of Price of NDRC issued the "Notice for Consummating Solar Power Grid Tariff Policy" in July 2011. Here are the two key regulations on the tariff of the solar plants: 1. Taxes are unified as 1.15 Yuan per Kwh, for the plants which were approved by NDRC before July 1st, 2011, and the construction would be completed and could be put into use before 1st December, 2011; 2. Taxes are unified as 1 Yuan per Kwh, for the plants which were approved after 1st July, 2011, or those cannot be put into use before 1st December, 2011. Yet The Tibet Autonomous Region is an exception. As for policies about CSP, Department of Price of NDRC issued no special regulation or policy about that however the first bid project FIT was 0.94 Yuan per Kwh.
Page 132
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.2.8.
July, 2012
LOCAL GOVERNMENT
As it has been shown in the 2.2.2 point of this report Stages of Project Approval in China, every region in the country has its own Local Provincial Government but as it has been mentioned before in this report, five regions are most suitable for CSP and therefore the information of these regions is going to be provided: Tibet Government
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO START DATE/OWNER
Tibet Government http://www.xizang.gov.cn/index.do 1952
STATE-OWNED
Address: No. 1, Kangang East Road, Lhasa City, Tibet, China, 850000 CONTACT INFO
DESCRIPTION
Tel: 0086Fax: 0086E-mail: N/A Main functions of government: 1. Personal service: including marriage and birth, labor employment, military service, social security, education, utilities, cultural entertainment, and medical health etc. 2. Enterprise Service: including tax, audition, urban construction, environment, quality certificate, industry and commerce administration Table 45. Tibet Government
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 133
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
Gansu Government
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
Gansu Government http://www.gansu.gov.cn/
START DATE/OWNER
1950
STATE-OWNED
Address: No. 1, Central Plaze, Chengguan District, Lanzhou City, Gansu, China, 730030 Tel: 0086-931-8462630 Fax: 0086E-mail: gsmh@gansu.gov.cn
CONTACT INFO
DESCRIPTION
Main functions of government: 1. Personal service: including marriage and birth, labor employment, military service, social security, education, utilities, cultural entertainment, and medical health etc. 2. Enterprise Service: including tax, audition, urban construction, environment, quality certificate, industry and commerce administration Table 46. Gansu Government
Inner Mongolia Government
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO START DATE/OWNER
Inner Mongolia Government http://www.nmg.gov.cn/main/nmg/ 1947
STATE-OWNED
Address: No. 1, Saihanqu, chilechuan Road, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China, 010098 CONTACT INFO
DESCRIPTION
Page 134
Tel: 0086-471-4825158 Fax: 0086E-mail: nmg@nmg.gov.cn Main functions of government: 1. Personal service: including marriage and birth, labor employment, military service, social security, education, utilities, cultural entertainment, and medical health etc. 2. Enterprise Service: including tax, audition, urban construction, environment, quality certificate, industry and commerce administration Table 47. Inner Mongolia Government
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
Qinghai Government
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
Qinghai Government http://www.qh.gov.cn/
START DATE/OWNER
1950
STATE-OWNED
Address: No. 1, Lirang Street, Xining City, Qinghai, China, 810000 Tel: 0086Fax: 0086-971-8483618 E-mail: postmaster@qh.gov.cn
CONTACT INFO
Main functions of government: 1. Personal service: including marriage and birth, labor employment, military service, social security, education, utilities, cultural entertainment, and medical health etc. 2. Enterprise Service: including tax, audition, urban construction, environment, quality certificate, industry and commerce administration
DESCRIPTION
Table 48. Qinghai Government
Xinjiang Government COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO START DATE/OWNER
Xinjiang Government http://www.xinjiang.gov.cn/ 1952
STATE-OWNED
Address: No. 2, Zhongshan Road, Urumuqi, Xinjiang, China, 830041 CONTACT INFO
DESCRIPTION
Tel: 0086-991-2803114 Fax: 0086- E-mail: N/A Main functions of government: 1. Personal service: including marriage and birth, labor employment, military service, social security, education, utilities, cultural entertainment, and medical health etc. 2. Enterprise Service: including tax, audition, urban construction, environment, quality certificate, industry and commerce administration Table 49. Xinjiang Government
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 135
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.3.
CSP AGENCIES
5.3.1.
National Alliance for Solar Thermal Energy-NAFSTE
National Alliance for Solar Thermal Energy COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO http://en.nafste.org/ START DATE/OWNER
2009
STATE-OWNED
Address: No.6, Beiertiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing, China Tel: 86-10-82547214 Fax: 86-10-82547214 Email: nafste@126.com In order to promote CSP technology and industry breakthrough, the National Alliance for Solar Thermal Energy was set up in September of 2009, under the support of the Ministry of Science and Technology of PRC, with the objectives of Strengthening enterprises independent innovation capability and competitiveness for key
CONTACT INFO
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
Table 50. National Alliance for Solar Thermal Energy 65 institutions constitute the Alliance, including 34 enterprises, 19 universities and 12 research institutes.
Enterprises
Research institutions and
Universities/colleges involved in CSP
Related R&D
Manufacture
Services and investment
The Alliance main tasks for CSP technology are following:
Develop 100MW CSP technology and trough vacuum tube with intellectual property.
Do Research and master 100 MW solar tower power technology
Set up trough concentrating heat absorption system and vacuum tube
Production lines
Formulate the standards for CSP technology
Set up general testing platform and
Page 136
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.3.2.
July, 2012
Gansu Provincial CSP Innovation Strategy Alliance
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
Gansu Provincial CSP Innovation Strategy Alliance http://www.gansusolar.com/English/gyzx _zxgk.asp
START DATE/OWNER
CONTACT INFO
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
2010
STATE-OWNED
An Ning District of Lanzhou City An Ning Road 88 Tel:0931-4956035 Fax:0931-4956035 gsst@vip.163.com Gansu provincial Concentrated Solar Power Innovation Strategy Alliance was set up in October 17 of 2010 in Lanzhou, to promote CSP application and related technology equipment in Gansu province and strengthen exchange and cooperation among CSP related enterprises in Gansu province and international and national institutions. Table 51. Gansu Provincial CSP Innovation Strategy Alliance
Organized by Gansu Provincial Industry and Information Commission, the Alliance is jointly established by 14 members including:
Enterprises
Universities and research institute, such as Datang Gansu Power Generation Co., Ltd., Aviation 501 Institute, Langzhou Jiaotong University.
The targets of the alliance are as follows:
Create innovation schemes based on enterprises, oriented by market and combined with industry and university and institutes together
Integrate and share innovation resources, and strengthen cooperative R&D
Break bottlenecks on common and key technologies for CSP industry
Speed up commercialization of R&D results by means of technology transfer
Strengthen competiveness of CSP industry
Train and exchange personnel
Cultivate CSP integrated industry
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 137
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.4.
INVESTMENT AND FINANCE
The financial system is ruled since 1984 by The People´s Bank of China doing the exercise as central bank, conducting macro control and supervision over nation´s banking system. Since 2003 China Banking Regulatory Commission (CBRC) formed a Financial Regulatory System with China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) and China Insurance Regulatory Commission (CIRC). The commercial banks situation and possible financial backers in China include: 1. State owned commercial banks (SOCBs): a. Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (ICBC) b. Agricultural Bank of China (ABC) c. Bank of China (BOC) d. China Construction Bank (CCB) e. Bank of Communications (BOCOM) 2. Joint stock commercial banks (JSCBs): a. CITIC Industrial Bank b. Huaxia Bank c. Guangdong Development Bank d. Shenzen Development Bank e. China Merchants Bank f.
Shanghai Pudong Development Bank
g. Industrial Bank. h. China Minsheng Banking Co. i.
Evergrowing Bank
j.
China Zheshang Bank
k. China Bohai Bank 3. City commercial banks 4. Rural commercial banks. 5. Development Banks 6. Foreign International banks. 7. Investors and Private Entities 8. Central and Local Government Investments.
Page 138
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.4.1.
July, 2012
China Commercial Banks
It is important taking into account the relevance of the Chinese banks in the world map and the possibility of financing projects, where four of the seventh biggest banks worldwide are from China (all from these four Chinese bank are state owned):
STOCK PRICE RANKING
BANK
COUNTRY
(Thousands of million €)
1
Industrial & Commercial Bank of China (ICBC)
CHINA
240.95
2
China Construction Bank
CHINA
195.85
3
Wells Fargo & Co
THE USA
160.72
4
HSBC Holdings
THE UK
150.90
5
Agricultural Bank of China
CHINA
141.73
6
JP Morgan Chase
THE USA
140.95
7
Bank of China
CHINA
128.80
Table 52. Largest Banks There is not a lot of information on which banks are financing the CSP projects in China, so as an example the biggest one, China Commercial Banks
China Commercial Banks COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND http://www.icbc.com.cn/icbc/sy/default LOGO .htm
START DATE/OWNER
CONTACT INFO
1984
STATE-OWNED
Address: No. 55, FuXingMenNei Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, China, 100140 Tel: 95588 Fax: call 95588 E-mail: online by http://www.icbc.com.cn/ICBC/help/contact%20us/ It is mainly engaged in:
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
1. Personal Banking, including investment and financing, personal loan, deposit, and personal E-banking business 2. Corporate Banking, including corporate deposit, loan financing, financing lease, bill business, settlement service, and corporate wealth management Table 53. ICBC
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 139
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.4.2.
Local Banks
In China for some projects developed at local level usually the banks of the province lend money for a part of the project. Some of the local banks in China are: 1. Bank of Shanghai 2. Shanghai Pudong Development Bank 3. Xiamen International Bank 4. Shenzen Development Bank 5. Ping An Bank 6. Shenzen City Commercial Bank 7. Guandong Development Bank 8. Bank of Beijing 9. Bank of Ningbo 10. Bank of Nanjing 11. Bank of Chengdu 12. Bank of Chongqing 13. Bank of Nanchang in Jiangxi 14. Bank of Qingdao in Shandong 15. Bank of Lanzhou in Gansu 16. Bank of Harbin 17. Bohai Bank in Tianjin 18. China Merchants Bank in Shenzen 19. Dalian Bank, Liaoning 20. Shengjing Bank in Shenyang, Liaoning 21. Bank of Jinzhou, Liaoning 22. Bank of Jilin 23. Industrial Bank in Fuzhou, Fujian 24. Bank of Hangzhou in Zhejiang 25. Zhejiang Tailon Commercial Bank in Taizhou, Zhejiang
Page 140
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
Over all these local banks two of them have worked in solar CSP projects: Beijing Bank
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
Beijing Bank http://www.bankofbeijing.com.cn/en2011/in dex.html
START DATE/OWNER
1996
Address: No. 17 Bing, Jinrong Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, China, 100033 Tel: 95526 Fax: call 95526 E-mail: N/A It is mainly engaged in:
CONTACT INFO
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
STATE-OWNED
1. Personal Banking, including investment and financing, personal loan, deposit, and personal E-banking business 2. Corporate Banking, including corporate deposit, loan financing, financing lease, bill business, settlement service, and corporate wealth management
PROJECTS IN CSP
PROVINCE
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY (MW)
Lending*
Xinjiang
Turpan
2*50
Lending*
Sichuan
Chengdu 800 Table 54. Beijing Bank
TECHNOLOGY Parabolic Trough N/A
Status Planning Operating
Source: * - Internet http://news.tyn888.com/rdtj/4280.html
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 141
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
Hangzhou Bank
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
Hangzhou Bank
http://www.hzbank.com.cn/
START DATE/OWNER
1996
STATE-OWNED
Address: No. 46, Qingchun Street, Hanzhou City, Zhejiang, China, 310009 Tel: 96523 or +86-571-85108125 Fax: call 96523 E-mail: N/A It is mainly engaged in:
CONTACT INFO
1. Personal Banking, including investment and financing, personal loan, deposit, and personal E-banking business 2. Corporate Banking, including corporate deposit, loan financing, financing lease, bill business, settlement service, and corporate wealth management
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
PROJECTS IN CSP
PROVINCE
Lending*
Xinjiang
Lending*
Sichuan
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY (MW)
TECHNOLOGY
Parabolic Trough Chengdu 800 N/A Table 55. Hangzhou Bank Turpan
2*50
Source: * - http://news.tyn888.com/rdtj/4280.html
Page 142
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
Status Planning Operating
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.4.3.
July, 2012
China Development Bank
China Development Bank
China Development Bank COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND http://www.cdb.com.cn/english/index.a LOGO sp
START DATE/OWNER
CONTACT INFO
1994
STATE-OWNED
Address: 29 Fuchengmenwai Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, China, 100037 Tel: +86-10-68306688 Fax: +86-10-68306699 E-mail: webmaster@cdb.com.cn The overview of its operations:
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
1. Planning operations: strengthen its cooperation with ministries and local governments. CDB participated 11 national priority projects and completed planning projects on financing 2. Lending business: dedicate to implement the government’s policies and earmark financing for key projects in infrastructure and basic/backbone industries. Support to improve the people’s wellbeing 3. Treasury business: focus on off-balance-sheet financing, financial advisory, securities underwriting and bill businesses 4. Intermediary business 5. Financial cooperation and innovation Table 56. China Development Bank
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 143
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.4.4.
International Banks
5.4.5.
Asian Development Bank
Asian Development Bank
Asian Development Bank COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND http://adb.org/ LOGO START DATE/OWNER
1966
PRIVATE
Headquarters Address: 6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong City, Philippines, Manila, 1550 Tel: +63 2 632 4444 Fax: +63 2 636 2444 E-mail: N/A
CONTACT INFO
The ADB aims for an Asia and Pacific free from poverty: 1. By loans, grants, policy dialogue, technical assistance and equity investments 2. In detail, through investment in infrastructure, health care services, financial and public administration systems, or helping nations prepare for the impact of climate change or better manage their natural resources
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
PROJECTS IN CSP Lending Lending* Lending*
PROVINCE Beijing Qinghai Gansu
INSTALLED TECHNOLOGY CAPACITY (MW) Badaling 1 Tower Delingha 50 PT Jinta 50 PT Table 57. Asian Development Bank CITY
Source * - CSP Asia Forum 2012
Page 144
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
Status Finished Started Started
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.4.6.
July, 2012
The World Bank
The World Bank
The World Bank COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND http://www.worldbank.org/ LOGO START DATE/OWNER
1944
JOINT
Address: 1818 H Street, NW, Washington, DC, 20433 USA Tel: +1-202-473-1000 Fax: +1-202-477-6391 E-mail: N/A
CONTACT INFO
The overview of its operations:
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
1. Financial Products and Services. Provide low-interest loans, interest-free credits, and grants to developing countries. Also, provide or facilitate financing through trust fund partnerships with bilateral and multilateral donors. 2. Innovative Knowledge Sharing. Offer support to developing countries through policy advice, research and analysis, and technical assistance.
PROJECTS IN CSP
PROVINCE
CITY
Lending
Inner Mongolia
Erdos
INSTALLED CAPACITY (MW)
TECHNOLOGY
Parabolic Trough Table 58. The World Bank 50
Status Under Construction
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 145
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.4.7.
Other investors
Other investors in China could be Private investors or Entities as well as central and local Government Investments. Some of the most important investment groups are Ocean Tecco and Guorun in Beijing, QingYun in Hangzhou, Hiway Capital in Guangzhou, LXZQ in Huizhou and Green Pine Capital Partners in Shenzen.
5.4.7.1. Shenhua guohua energy investment co., ltd Shenhua guohua energy investment co., ltd
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO START DATE/OWNER
Shenhua guohua energy investment co., ltd
www.guohua.com.cn www.shenhuagroup.com.cn 1998
STATE OWNED
CONTACT INFO
20th Floor, Guohua Investment Building, No.3 South Road of Dongzhimen, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China Tel: 0086-10- 58151709 E-mail: jlhd@shenhua.cc xuyifan@guohua.com.cn
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
Founded in 1998 belongs to Shenhua Group Co. Ltd. Mainly focus on coal has also a department of New Energies focus at the moment Wind. They have developed and financed wind projects in Hebei, Shandong, Jiangsu, and Inner Mongolia. They are also working in some biomass and PV projects Table 59. Shenhua guohua energy investment co.ltd
Page 146
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
5.4.7.2. Heilongjiang ZhongJing new energy Co.LTD Heilongjiang ZhongJing new energy Co., LTD.
Heilongjiang ZhongJing new energy Co., COMPANY LTD. NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO http://zjdxp.com/TextPage.aspx?id=12 START DATE/OWNER
2011
PRIVATE Fax: 0086 -451-82.960.839 Tel: 0086 -451-84283648
CONTACT INFO
Heilongjiang ZhongJing New Energy Co., Ltd. was established in May 2011, Ms. Dou Xiuping chairman. The company is committed to the field of new energy R & D and investment in construction projects, based on the domestic toward South America, Southeast Asia countries and regions. COMPANY DESCRIPTION
The company has a strong research team, market development team, strong financial support, the well-known domestic and foreign enterprises and academia Union; investment in solar photovoltaic (solar thermal) power plant construction and wind power plant construction, as well as other field of clean energy projects development and construction.
PROJECTS IN CSP
PROVINCE
Developer
Argentina, Salta
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY (MW)
TECHNOLOGY
Valles 20 Parabolic Trough Calchaquies Table 59a. Heilongjiang ZhongJing new energy Co., LTD.
Status Planning
Argentina may become the first South American country to build a concentrated solar power plant, according to a report from regional government of Salta province in northern Argentina. The Salta regional government has published in its website the signing act of a contract to build a 20 MW parabolic trough plant with thermal storage. The expected investment in the project would meet $100 M. The plant will be developed by Argentina's Solar Noa and China's Heilongjiang Zhongjing New Energy and Harbin Turbine Company. A mirrors factory to supply the plant is also proposed to be built in Salta city. The proposed plant site is Valles Calchaquies, 7 km north of San Carlos village, on a 70 hectares area. The construction would length 18 months and could employ 300 people.
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 147
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
About SolarNoa Argentina SolarNoa Argentina, established in 2011, is a company focused in research and development of PV and CSP projects. The company is partnering with Chinese Heilongjiang Zhongjing New Energy and Harbin Electric Corporation. About Harbin Turbine Company (see 5.8.7.3) Harbin Turbine Company Limited, a Harbin Electric Corporation subsidiary, is one of the key construction projects during the First Five-Year Plan, is a large-scale state-owned backbone enterprise in China to design and manufacture large sized fossil turbine, nuclear turbine, industrial steam turbine, marine steam turbine and gas turbine. At present, there is 5,600 staff in the Company, including over 1,200 technicians & engineers and nearly 400 people with senior title.
Page 148
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
5.4.7.3. Zhejiang Sanhua Co., Ltd, Zhejiang Sanhua Co., Ltd,
Zhejiang Sanhua Co., Ltd, COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE http://www.zjshc.com/Esanhuaweb/abou AND LOGO t.asp START DATE/OWNER
1994
PRIVATE Fax: 0086 -451-82.960.839 Tel: 0086 -451-84283648
CONTACT INFO
Zhejiang Sanhua Co., Ltd, located in Xialiquan Qixing Street Xinchang County Zhejiang Province. Zhejiang Sanhua Co., Ltd. is controlled by Sanhua Holding Group. And other shareholders include Zhejiang Zhongda Group and Nihon Oriental Trading Co.,Ltd.
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
Zhejiang Sanhua Co., Ltd. specializes in research, manufacture and sales of refrigeration & air-conditioning control components. There are many product series, such as 4 way reversing valve, service valve, electronic expansion valve, solenoid valve, ball valve, bar-stock service valve, copper and steel liquid receivers for compressor, drain pump, check valve, pipe assembly, solenoid valve for refrigerator and filter drier with thousands of models, among which 4 way reversing valve, solenoid valve, electronic expansion valve and service.
PROJECTS IN CSP
PROVINCE
Developer
Inner Mongolia
INSTALLED CITY CAPACITY TECHNOLOGY (MW) 10 Dish Table 59b. Zhejiang Sanhua Co., Ltd,
Status
Source: http://cspkorea.blogspot.com/2012/09/hf-orion.html HelioFocus Ltd., an Israel-based solar thermal systems start-up, has raised more than $10 million from China’s Zhejiang Sanhua Co. and existing investor IC Green Energy. HelioFocus announced the investment at the Weizmann Institute of Science in Rehovot, Israel, where HelioFocus
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 149
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
is developing its solar thermal technology to boost electricity production of existing power plants. Sanhua, the Chinese maker of appliance components whose stock is traded on the Shenzhen stock exchange, would be not just a financial investor in the company, but will also produce some solar thermal components, with the aim of lower the cost of producing in China. HelioFocus signed an agreement with Sanhua to begin construction in 2013 on a 10-megawatt solar facility in Inner Mongolia, for the Chinese energy company TaiQing (A MOU have been signed). The facility, which will eventually expand to 60 megawatts, will back up a 600-megawatt coal fired power plant. Sanhua, which will hold 30 percent of HelioFocus, will invest $9.25 million directly in the company and will acquire $1.25 million worth of shares from its founders. IC Green Energy, the renewable energy investment arm of holding company Israel Corp, is the largest shareholder in HelioFocus with a 40 percent stake. It will invest $2.3 million in HelioFocus alongside Sanhua's investment. The rest of HelioFocus is held by workers and management. In 2008, HelioFocus raised a $10 million first round of financing from IC Green Energy, and the company is also a recipient of an $800,000 BIRD Foundation grant. The current investment from Sanhua and IC Green Energy values HelioFocus at $45 million. HelioFocus, whose system converts the sun's rays into hot air to produce electricity, will release its first product in 2012 and is working on a pilot project in Israel. Funds raised from Sanhua will be used by HelioFocus to continue its research. HelioFocus' financing announcement is the latest in a series of successes for Israeli solar thermal companies. Siemens AG bought Israel-based Solel Solar Systems Ltd. for about $418 million in October 2009, AORA Solar raised $5 million in February 2009, and BrightSource Energy, which conducts R&D through subsidiary BrightSource Industries Israel, has announced a series of mega projects in the U.S. over the past year The technology is parabolic dish concentrators, which capture the light and create temperatures of up to 650 degrees Celsius, then channel the radiation to a receiver above that heats the air. Through pipes, the air then moves to a central heat exchange system that in turn produces hot steam, which can drive a power plant turbine. The technology can be used as a support system for coal or oil-fired power plants, eliminating the need for natural gas or diesel generator backup systems. While other solar thermal systems exist similar in concept to this one, with panels feeding heat to a receiver above, the unique aspect of the HelioFocus system is its ability to heat the air to extremely high temperatures â&#x20AC;&#x201C; much higher than in other systems.
Page 150
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.5.
July, 2012
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
In terms of Solar Energy, the Solar Energy Study Center certifies and tests the connectivity to the grid of the different equipment for the State Grid Electric Power Research Institute. Also ISEC (International Solar Engineering Center) has the main role in promotion and technology transfer relate to solar energy. The headquarters are in Lanzhou and have the support of United Nations. But apart from these organisms, in terms of CSP Research and Development matters the Institute of reference is IEECAS.
5.5.1.
IEECAS Institute of Electrical Engineering of Chinese Academy of Sciences
IEE CAS concentrates the major efforts on Research and Development regarding CSP matters
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
IEE CAS http://english.iee.cas.cn/
START DATE/OWNER
1958
STATE-OWNED
Address: No. 6, Beiertiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing, China, 100190 Tel: 0086-10-82547012 Fax: 0086-10-82547000 E-mail: dst@mail.iee.ac.cn
CONTACT INFO
It is:
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
PROJECTS IN CSP Developer Research* Receiver Research*
1. A scientific research based in electrical engineering field focusing on the high-tech research & development, and a national scientific research organization aiming at developing new technologies of electrical engineering & energy as its scientific orientation 2. In terms of Solar Energy Concentrates the research and development of CSP and PV technologies
PROVINCE
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY (MW)
TECHNOLOGY
Status
Beijing
Yanqing , Badaling
1
Tower
Operating
Inner Mongolia
Ordos
50
PT
N/A
Table 60. IEE CAS Source * - IEE CAS Website News Center http://www.iee.cas.cn/xwzx/ttxw/201008/t20100823_2931138.html
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 151
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.5.2.
IETCAS Institute of Engineering Thermo physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences
IET CAS Institute of Engineering Thermo COMPANY physics, CAS NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
http://english.iet.cas.cn/
START DATE/OWNER
1956
STATE-OWNED
Address: 11 Beisihuanxi Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China, 100190 CONTACT INFO
Tel: 0086-10-62554126 Fax: 0086-10-82543019 E-mail: iet@iet.cn The institute is mainly engaged in:
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
1. Research in the fields of energy, power and environment 2. Try to make breakthrough in light power and distributed power supply & renewable energy; try to establish and implement the advanced energy and power system and provide innovative ideas, technology and talents for the sustainable development of energy and power in China Table 61. IET CAS
Page 152
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.5.3.
July, 2012
Institute of Metal Research of Chinese Academy of Sciences
IMR CAS
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO START DATE/OWNER
Institute of Metal Research, CAS http://english.imr.cas.cn/ 1953
STATE-OWNED
Address: 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, China, 110016 CONTACT INFO
Tel: 0086-024-23971500 Fax: 0086-024-23891320 E-mail: syli@imr.ac.cn The institute main research objects are:
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
1. High-performance metal materials, inorganic non-metallic materials, and advanced composite materials 2. Research areas include: nano-scale high performance materials design and manufacturing, new energy materials and biological materials Table 62.IMR CAS
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 153
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.5.4.
Shanghai Institute of Ceramics of Chinese Academy of Sciences
Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, CAS
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, CAS http://english.sic.cas.cn/
START DATE/OWNER
1928
STATE-OWNED
Address: 1295 Dingxi Road, Changning District, Shanghai, China, 200050 Tel: 0086-021-52412990 Fax: 0086-021-52413903 E-mail: N/A
CONTACT INFO
The institute devotes to the study on “Advanced Inorganic Materials S&T”: 1. For the time being, the main research field covers structural ceramics and composites, inorganic functional ceramics, artificial single crystals, inorganic coatings, special glasses, biological ceramics and texture engineering material, environmental and energy source materials, etc. 2. Analysis, testing and characterization of inorganic materials as well as science and technology study on ancient ceramics, etc.
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
PROJECTS IN CSP
PROVINCE
N/A
N/A
Page 154
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY (W) N/A
TECHNOLOGY
N/A N/A Table 63.Shanghai Institute of Ceramics
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
Status N/A
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.5.5.
July, 2012
Changcun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanical and Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences
CIOMP, CAS Changchun Ins. Of Optics Fine COMPANY Mechanical and Physics, CAS NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
http://english.ciomp.cas.cn/
START DATE/OWNER
1952
STATE-OWNED
Address: Dong Nanhu Road 3888, Changchun City, Jilin Province, China, 130033 CONTACT INFO
Tel: 0086-431-85686367 Fax: 0086-431-85682346 E-mail: ciomp@ciomp.ac.cn The institute is engaged in:
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
PROJECTS IN CSP N/A
1. Fundamental research, applied fundamental research, engineering technology research and high-tech industrialization 2. Researches cover the main disciplines of luminescence, applied optics, optical engineering, precision mechanics and instruments INSTALLED CAPACITY PROVINCE CITY TECHNOLOGY Status (W) N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Table 64. Changchun Ins. of Optics Fine Mechanical and Physics
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 155
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.5.6.
Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry of Chinese Academy of Sciences
IPC CAS Technical Institute of Physics and COMPANY Chemistry, CAS NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
http://english.ipc.cas.cn/
START DATE/OWNER
1999
STATE-OWNED
Address: 29 Zhongguancun East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China, 100190 Tel: 0086-10-82543770 Fax: 0086-10-62554670 E-mail: zhc@mail.ipc.ac.cn
CONTACT INFO
The institute mainly engages in the technological innovation and development:
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
PROJECTS IN CSP N/A
Page 156
1. Its general goal is to carry out applied basic research, strategic high-tech research and commercialization 2. The key research areas include optical functional materials and devices, new technologies of cryogenic engineering, new synthesis technologies for green chemistry, and energy materials and new technologies INSTALLED CAPACITY TECHNOLOGY (W) N/A N/A N/A N/A Table 65. Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry
PROVINCE
CITY
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
Status N/A
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.5.7.
July, 2012
Tsinghua University
Tsinghua University
Tsinghua University
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE http://www.tsinghua.edu.cn/publish AND LOGO
/then/index.html START DATE/OWNER
1911
STATE-OWNED
Address: Tsinghua West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China, 100083 Tel: 0086-10-62793001 Fax: 0086-10-62771527 E-mail: xinxiban@tsinghua.edu.cn
CONTACT INFO
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
The education institute is for: 1. Training talents for the country 2. Teaching and scientific research Table 66. Tsinghua University
5.5.8.
Wuhan University of Technology
Wuhan University of Technology COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO START DATE/OWNER
Wuhan University of Technology http://english.whut.edu.cn/ 2000
STATE-OWNED
Address: 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China, 430070 CONTACT INFO
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
Tel: 0086-27-87658253 Fax: 0086-27-87882395 E-mail: randygh@whut.edu.cn The education institute is for: 1. Training talents for the country 2. Teaching and scientific research Table 67.Wuhan University of Technology
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 157
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.5.9.
Sun Yat San University
Sun Yat-San University
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
Sun Yat-San University http://eng.sysu.edu.cn/
START DATE/OWNER
1924
STATE-OWNED
Address: No. 135, Xingang West Road, Guangzhou City, Guangzhou Province, China, 510275 Tel: 0086-20-84112828 Fax: 0086-10-84115659 E-mail: webmaster@mail.sysu.edu.cn
CONTACT INFO
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
The education institute is for: 1. Training talents for the country 2. Teaching and scientific research Table 68. Sun Yat-San University
5.5.10. Beijing University of Technology Beijing University of Technology
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO START DATE/OWNER
Beijing University of Technology http://bjut.edu.cn/bjut_en/index.jsp 1960
STATE-OWNED
Address: No. 100, Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China, 100022 CONTACT INFO
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
Page 158
Tel: 0086-10-67393456 Fax: 0086-10-67392319 E-mail: randygh@bjut.edu.cn The education institute is for: 1. Training talents for the country 2. Teaching and scientific research Table 69. Beijing University of Technology
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
5.5.11. Xian JiaoTong University Xi’an JiaoTong University
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
Xi’an JiaoTong University http://www.xjtu.edu.cn/en/index.ht ml
START DATE/OWNER
1959
STATE-OWNED
Address: No. 28, Xianning West Road Xi’an City, Shanxi Province, China, 710049 Tel: 0086-29-82668336 Fax: 0086-29-82660974 E-mail: xinxigl@mail.xjtu.edu.cn
CONTACT INFO
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
The education institute is for: 1. Training talents for the country 2. Teaching and scientific research Table 70. Xi’an JiaoTong University
5.5.12. Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Beijing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics Beijing University of Aeronautics & COMPANY Astronautics NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
http://ev.buaa.edu.cn/
START DATE/OWNER
1952
STATE-OWNED
Address: No. 37, XuYuan Road, HaiDian District, Beijing, China, 100191 CONTACT INFO
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
Tel: 0086-10-82317658 Fax: 0086-29-82339376 E-mail: webmaster@buaa.edu.cn The education institute is for: 1. Training talents for the country 2. Teaching and scientific research Table 71. Beijing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 159
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.5.13. Dongguan University of Technology Dongwan University of Technology
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
Dongwan University of Technology http://www.dgut.edu.cn/index.html
START DATE/OWNER
1992
STATE-OWNED
Address: No. 1, Daxue Road, Songshanhu District, Dongwan City, Guangdong Province, China, 523808 Tel: 0086-769-22861199 Fax: 0086-769-22861680 E-mail: yb@dgut.edu.cn
CONTACT INFO
The education institute is for: 1. Training talents for the country 2. Teaching and scientific research
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
Table 72. Dongwan University of Technology
5.5.14. North China Electric Power University North China Electric Power University North
China
Electric
Power
COMPANY University NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
http://english.ncepu.edu.cn/
START DATE/OWNER
1958
STATE-OWNED
Address: No. 2, Beinong Road, Changpin District, Beijing, China, 102206 CONTACT INFO
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
Tel: 0086-10-80795130 Fax: 0086-10-51963514 E-mail: xxhb@ncepu.edu.cn The education institute is for: 1. Training talents for the country 2. Teaching and scientific research Table 73. North China Electric Power University
Page 160
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.6.
PROJECT DEVELOPERS
5.6.1.
Big Five Companies
July, 2012
As it has been advanced, the energy industry structure is dominated by the so called Big 5 which are the five biggest utilities of China and all of them state-owned companies. These five companies generate more than 50% of the electricity in China with around 10% each one: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
China Huaneng China Datang China Huadian China Guodian China Power Investment Corporation
5.6.1.1. China Datang China Datang Corporation COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
China Datang Corporation http://www.chinacdt.com/en/index.html
START DATE/OWNER
2002
STATE-OWNED
Address: No. 1 Guangningbo Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, China, 100032 Tel: 0086-10-66586677 Fax: 0086-10-66586622 E-mail: www.china-cdt.com
CONTACT INFO
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
CDT is main engaged in: 1. Development, investment, construction, operation and management of power energy. Organization of power (thermal) production and sales 2. Electric power equipment manufacture, maintenance and commissioning 3. Power technology development and consultation. Contracting and consulting of electric power engineering 4. Renewable energy development etc.
RELATED DEPARTMENT
China Datang Corporation Renewable Power Co., Limited
PROJECTS IN CSP
PROVINCE
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY (MW)
Developer*
Gansu
N/A
10
Developer* ** Inner Mongolia
TECHNOLOGY Parabolic Through N/A
Ordos 50 Table 74. China Datang Corporation
Status N/A N/A
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 161
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
Source: * - ADB ** - CSP Asia Forum 2012
Department 1: China Datang Corporation Renewable Power Co., Limited COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
Datang Corporation Renewable Power
http://www.dtxny.com.cn/en/
START DATE/OWNER
2004
STATE-OWNED
Address: 8/F Building 1, No. 1 Caishikou Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, China, 100053 Tel: 0086-10-83956262 Fax: 0086-10-83956555 E-mail: N/A
CONTACT INFO
1. COMPANY DESCRIPTION
2. 3. 4.
It is devoted to: Developing, planning, investing, engineering, and managing new energy resources such as wind power etc. Studying, applying, and developing low carbon technology Research, sale, overhaul and maintenance of new energy related equipments Training and consulting service relating to new energy Table 75. Datang Corporation Renewable Power
Page 162
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
5.6.1.2. China Guodian China Guodian Cooperation
China Guodian Group COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE http://www.cgdc.com.cn/english/ind AND LOGO ex.jhtml START DATE/OWNER
2002
STATE-OWNED
Address: No. 6 Fuchengmen Bei Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, China, 100034 Tel: 0086-10-58682001 Fax: 0086-10-58683900 E-mail: cgdc@cgdc.com.cn
CONTACT INFO
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
CGC is main engaged in: 1. Development, investment, construction, operation and management of power generation, and the sales of power (and heat) 2. Investment, construction, operation and management business, such as coal, power generation equipment, new energy, transportation, high-tech etc. 3. Technological services and consultancy etc.
RELATED DEPARTMENT
Guodian New Energy Technology Research Institute
PROJECTS IN CSP
PROVINCE
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY (W)
Developer*
Xinjiang
Turpan
180K
Developer*
Xinjiang
TECHNOLOGY
Status
Parabolic Through N/A
Trial operation Planning
Turpan 150M Table 76. China Guodian Cooperation
Source: * - ADB
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 163
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
Department 1: Guodian New Energy Technology Research Institute COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO START DATE/OWNER
Guodian New Energy Technology Research Institute
N/A (cannot find website) 2009 proposed to build
STATE-OWNED
Address: Changping District, Beijing, China CONTACT INFO
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
Page 164
Tel: N/A Fax: N/A E-mail: N/A It is main engaged in: 1. R&D on fan 2. PV and CSP 3. Wind energy operation 4. Sea power resource analysis and evaluation 5. New geothermal power equipment research etc. Table 77. Guodian New Energy Technology Research Institute
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
5.6.1.3. China Huadian China Huadian Cooperation
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
China Huadian Cooperation http://www.chd.com.cn/
START DATE/OWNER
2002
STATE-OWNED
Address: No. 2 Xuanwumen Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, China, 100031 Tel: 0086-10-83566666 83566633 Fax: 0086-10-83565000 E-mail: chd@chd.com.cn
CONTACT INFO
CHD main businesses are: COMPANY DESCRIPTION
RELATED DEPARTMENT
1. Generation and supply of electricity and heat 2. Development of power-related primary energy such as coal 3. Supply of Pertinent technological service China Huadian Engineering Co., Ltd.
PROJECTS IN CSP
PROVINCE
CITY
Developer
Hebei
Langfan
Developer Developer
Gansu Qinghai
Huadian New Energy Development Co., Ltd. INSTALLED CAPACITY (W) 200Kexperiment 50M N/A
TECHNOLOGY
Status
Parabolic Trough
Built
Jinta Parabolic Trough Golmud Parabolic Trough Table 78. China Huadian Cooperation
Planning Planning
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 165
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
Department 1: China Huadian Engineering Co., Ltd. COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
China Huadian Engineering Co., Ltd.
http://en.chec.com.cn/
START DATE/OWNER
2002
STATE-OWNED
Address: No. 273 Xizhimen Nei Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, China, 100035 Tel: 0086-10-62279999 Fax: N/A E-mail: chec@chec.com.cn
CONTACT INFO
CHEC plays an important role in developing engineering technology industry. The main business scopes are:
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Heavy machinery Environmental protection & water treatment EPC service New energy technology Energy technology research and service International trade Table 79. China Huadian Engineering Co
Department 2: Huadian New Energy Development Co., Ltd. COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO START DATE/OWNER CONTACT INFO
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
Huadian New Energy Development Co., Ltd.
http://www.chdne.com.cn/index.ht m 2007
STATE-OWNED
Address: Floor 7, Tower A, China Huadian Building No. 2 Xuanwumen Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, China, 100031 Tel: 0086-10-83567500 Fax: N/A E-mail: N/A The main business lies in new energy projects, including: 1. Investment, construction, production and sales of electric power, including wind energy, water energy, solar energy and biomass energy etc. 2. Whole process management of new energy projects engineering construction and installation, commissioning, operation and supervision 3. New energy application technology development and consultation Table 80. Huadian New Energy Development Co., Ltd
Page 166
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
5.6.1.4. China Huaneng China Huaneng Group
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
China Huaneng Group http://www.chng.com.cn/eng/
START DATE/OWNER
1985
STATE-OWNED
Address: No. 6 Fuxingmen Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, China, 100031 Tel: 0086-10-63228800 Fax: 0086-10-63228866 E-mail: N/A
CONTACT INFO
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
RELATED DEPARTMENT
CHNG is main engaged in: 4. Development, investment, construction, operation and management of power sources 5. Production and sale of power and heat 6. Energy transportation, renewable energy etc. Huaneng Clean Energy Research Institute
PROJECTS IN CSP
PROVINCE
Developer* Developer* Developer* Developer**
Hainan Xinjiang Tibet Qinghai
CITY
Huaneng Renewables Corporation Limited INSTALLED CAPACITY (MW) 1.5 200 50 50/100
TECHNOLOGY
Sanya Linear Fresnel N/A N/A Lhasa N/A N/A N/A Table 81. China Huaneng Group
Status Running Planning Planning Planning
Source: * - ADB ** -World CSP Asia Forum 2012
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 167
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
Department 1: Huaneng Clean Energy Research Institute Huaneng Clean Energy Research Institute COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND http://www.hnceri.com/index.aspx# LOGO START DATE/OWNER
1985
STATE-OWNED
Address: Floor 26, Yingdu Building A, No. 48-1, Zhichun Street, Haidian District, Beijing, China, 100190 Tel: N/A Fax: N/A E-mail: N/A
CONTACT INFO
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
CERI is main engaged in: 1. Technology development, transfer and service, key equipment research and project implementation in the area of coal power generation and transformation, clean and renewable energy, and greenhouse gas control etc. Table 82. Huaneng Clean Energy Research Institute
Department 2: Huaneng Renewables Corporation Limited
Huaneng Renewables Corporation Limited COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND http://en.hnr.com.cn/ LOGO START DATE/OWNER
2002
STATE-OWNED
Address: 10-11 Floor, Huaneng Building, No. 23 A, Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China, 100036 CONTACT INFO
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
Page 168
Tel: 0086-10-68221618/2022 Fax: 0086-10-68223990 E-mail: N/A The company is specialized in services including: 1. New energy (such as wind power, solar energy, and biomass energy etc.) related exploitation, design, investment & construction and operation management 2. R&D, sales, detection and maintenance of new energy related equipment 3. Services including training and consultancy with respect to new energy businesses Table 83. Huaneng Renewables Corporation Limited
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
5.6.1.5. China Power Investment Corporation China Power Investment Cooperation
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
China Power Investment Corporation http://eng.cpicorp.com.cn/ www.zdt.com.cn
START DATE/OWNER
2002
STATE-OWNED
Address: Building 3, No. 28, Financial Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, China, 100140 Tel: 0086-10-66298000 Fax: 0086-10-66298095 E-mail: rena@cpicorp.com.cn
CONTACT INFO
China Power Investment Corporation (CPI) was established from the old state owned company SP. CPI main businesses are: 1. 2. 3. 4. COMPANY DESCRIPTION
5. 6.
7.
8. RELATED DEPARTMENT
Generation and supply of electricity and heat Power technology development and consultation Renewable energy development etc. Taking part in the development, investment, construction, operation and administration of the main important sources of energy, production and commercialization of electric energy (thermal) Supplying of transmission equipment. Construction Engineer and Supervision, bids and tenders, materials distribution, equipment maintenance, scientific development,… specially for energy Dealing with investment and finance of companies’ national and International in terms of domestic laws and approvals between different sectors. Developing Business, International cooperation, International contracts based on governmental approval.
Department of New Energy within the company, no details and website
PROJECTS IN CSP
PROVINCE
CITY
Developer
Qinghai
Golmud
Developer
Qinghai
Golmud
INSTALLED CAPACITY (MW) 10 or 100-1st phase 1000-2nd phase
TECHNOLOGY
Status
N/A
Started
N/A
Planning
Table 84. China Power Investment Cooperation
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 169
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.6.2.
Other important Developers
5.6.2.1. CGN (China Guangdong Nuclear) Solar Energy China Guangdong Nuclear Solar Energy
COMPANY China Guangdong Nuclear Solar Energy NAME, WEBSITE AND http://www.cgnsedc.com.cn/n381412 LOGO
2/index.html
START DATE/OWNER
2009
STATE-OWNED
Address: Floor 21, Jinyu Building, Xinsanhuan North Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China, 100048 Tel: 0086-10-68461272 Fax: 0086-10-68460583 E-mail: N/A
CONTACT INFO
CGN Solar Energy main businesses are:
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
1. Investment, construction and O&M of solar power station 2. Integration of solar power generation and related technology, including CSP and PV and energy storage etc. 3. Appropriate intervention and investment in the solar energy industry chain technology R&D
PROJECTS IN CSP
PROVINCE
Developer* Developer* Developer*
Qinghai Gansu Gansu
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY (MW) 50 Four 50 50
TECHNOLOGY
Delingha PT+Fresnel*** Started Wuwei PT** Planning Jiuquan N/A Planning Table 85. China Guangdong Nuclear Solar Energy
Source: * - ADB ** - State Grid *** - CGN
Page 170
Status
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
5.6.2.2. Lenon Group Lenon New Energy
Inner Mongolia Lenon New Energy Co.,
COMPANY Ltd. NAME, WEBSITE AND http://www.lenon.cn/english/index.ph LOGO
p
START DATE/OWNER
2005
TBD
Address: 6th Floor in Chuangye Building, 117 West New Town Street CONTACT INFO
Hohhot City, Inner Mongolia Province, China, 750002 Tel: 0086-0471 6282326 Fax: 0086-0471 6283477 E-mail: yuanxx@lenon.cn Lenon New Energy focuses on Technical & Business Advice in the following areas:
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
1. Wind power generate 2. Solar-energy generate 3. Bio-energy generate
PROJECTS IN CSP
PROVINCE
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY (MW)
TECHNOLOGY
Status
Developer*
Inner Mongolia
Ordos
50
PT**
Preparatio n Work
Table 86. Lenon New Energy Source: * - ADB ** - http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/285841082.html
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 171
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.6.2.3. Hanas New Energy Group Hanas New Energy Group
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
Hanas New Energy Group http://www.hanas.com.cn/
START DATE/OWNER
1999
STATE-OWNED
New Energy Department Address: No. 20, Innovation Park CONTACT INFO
Jinfeng District, Yinchuan City, Ningxia Province, China, 750002 Tel: 0086-951 5672585 Fax: 0086-951 5011688 E-mail: N/A Hanas New Energy main businesses are:
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
1. City gas operation and natural gas central heating supply system as the basis 2. New energy mainly in wind energy 3. Cogeneration cooling heating and power 4. Natural gas liquefaction 5. Gas and heat supply service
PROJECTS IN CSP
PROVINCE
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY (MW)
TECHNOLOGY
Status
Developer*
Ningxia
Yanchi
92.5
PT solar and natural gas combined cycle
Started
Table 87. Hanas New Energy Group Source: * - ADB
Page 172
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
5.6.2.4. Shanghai Gongdian Shanghai Gongdian
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
Shanghai Gongdian Energy Technology Co., Ltd. http://www.gdecorp.cn/index.htm
START DATE/OWNER
2006
Joint Stock Company
Beijing Branch Address: Room 304, No. 1 North Floor, Liupukang Street Xicheng District, Beijing, China, 750002 Tel: 0086-10-82032378 Fax: 0086-10-82035924 E-mail: N/A
CONTACT INFO
Shanghai GD Energy is developer, R&D, and Manufacturer of CSP: COMPANY DESCRIPTION
1. Tower 2. Parabolic through 3. Disk
PROJECTS IN CSP
PROVINCE
Developer*
Qinghai
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY (MW) 100
TECHNOLOGY
Golmud** Tower Table 88.Shanghai Gongdian
Status Plan
Source: * - ADB ** - Internet http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/285841082.html
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 173
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.6.2.5. Tianwei Solar Thermal Power Co. Ltd Tianwei (Chengdu) Solar Thermal Power Development Co., Ltd. Tianwei
(Chengdu)
Solar
Thermal
COMPANY Power Development Co., Ltd. NAME, WEBSITE AND http://www.twnesolar.com/index.php LOGO START DATE/OWNER
1958
STATE-OWNED
Address: No. 1, Tianwei Road, Southwest Airport Economic Development Zone, Chengdu, China, 610200 Tel: 0086-28 67050047 Fax: 0086-28 67050038 E-mail: info@twnesolar.com
CONTACT INFO
TWNE engages in the entire value chain of the PV industry: COMPANY DESCRIPTION
1. R&D, manufacturing, sales and service of polysilicon materials, silicon wafers, PV cells, PV modules, and PV systems
PROVINCE
CITY
Sichuan
Xichang***
INSTALLED CAPACITY (MW) 100
Gansu
JiaYuGuan**
Inner Mongolia
Ordos
PROJECTS IN CSP Developer Developer – allied with Datang Renewable Power* Developer – allied with Datang Renewable Power*
TECHNOLOGY
Status
PT, Tower***
Plan
1.5
PT
Started
50
N/A
TBD
Table 90. Tianwei (Chengdu) Solar Thermal Power Development Co., Ltd. Source: * - ADB ** - State Grid *** - Internet http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/285841082.html
Page 174
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
5.6.2.6. Tianjin Solar and Environmental Corporation22 Tianjin Solar & Environmental Corp. Tianwei
(Chengdu)
Solar
COMPANY Power Development Co., Ltd. NAME, WEBSITE AND www.solar-etc.com LOGO START DATE/OWNER
Thermal
2007
PRIVATE
Address: No. 9, Tianjin Road, Zhangjiawo Industry Park, Xiqing District, Tianjin, China, 300380 Tel: 0086-22 17971001 Fax: 0086-22 23833085 E-mail: setc@solar-etc.com
CONTACT INFO
It provides: COMPANY DESCRIPTION
1. Solar thermal energy systems (CSP integrated solution provider) 2. Manufacture and sell fluidizer ultra-low flush toilet
PROJECTS IN CSP
PROVINCE
Developer*
Gansu
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY (MW) 100
TECHNOLOGY
N/A Multi-disk Table 91. Tianjin Solar & Environmental Corp.
Status N/A
Source: * - ADB
22
The company entered into bankruptcy Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 175
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.6.2.7. Beijing Kangtuo Beijing Control Industrial Computer Corp. Beijing Control Industrial Computer
COMPANY Corp. NAME, WEBSITE AND http://www.ktgongkong.com/ LOGO START DATE/OWNER
1988
STATE-OWNED
Address: Kangtuo Technology Building, No. 61, Zhichun Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China, 100190 Tel: 0086-10 62522558 Fax: 0086-10 62525156 E-mail: hr@controlchina.com
CONTACT INFO
It mainly R&D and manufacture: COMPANY DESCRIPTION
1. Industrial PC 2. Automatic equipment and test platform
PROJECTS IN CSP
PROVINCE
CITY
Developer*
Ningxia
N/A
INSTALLED CAPACITY (MW) 100
TECHNOLOGY
Status
PT
N/A
Table 92. Beijing Control Industrial Computer Corp. Source: * - ADB
Page 176
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
5.6.2.8. China Three Gorge Corporation
China Three Gorge Corporation
China Three Gorge Corporation COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND http://www.ctg.com.cn/en/index.php LOGO START DATE/OWNER
CONTACT INFO
1993
STATE OWNED
No. 1, Yuyuantan South Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100038, China Tel: 0086-10-57081752 Fax 0086-10-57082000 E-mail: ydbianjibu@gdyd.com CTGPC mainly focus on hydro, was responsible for construction of the Three Gorges Dam-project, the world largest hydroelectric power plant that went into operation in 2008.
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
In 2002, CTGC established the subsidiary company China Yangtze Power, which took over operations and management of Gezhouba and Three Gorges dams. CTGPC also own 21.35% of EDP. Table 93. China Three Gorge Corporation
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 177
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.6.2.9. Guangdong Yudean Group Co.Ltd
Guangdong Yudean Group Co.Ltd
Guangdong Yudean Group Co.Ltd COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND www.gdyd.com LOGO START DATE/OWNER CONTACT INFO
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
1890
STATE OWNED
Yudean Plaza, No. 2, Tianhe East Road, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China Tel: 0086-20-85138888Fax 0086-20-85136666 E-mail: ydbianjibu@gdyd.com In 1890 the first illumination line in Guandong. The company is 76% Guandong Government and 25% Huadian Corporation. Is the first company in China for plant desulfurization in electric generation. Table 94. Guangdong Yudean Group Co.Ltd
Page 178
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.6.2.10.
July, 2012
CAMDA
CAMDA
CAMDA COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND http://www.camda.cc/index.aspx?lang LOGO e=en
START DATE/OWNER
1998
PRIVATE
Address: Tangchun Industrial Zone, Liaobu Town, Dongguan City, Guangdong, China, 523407 Tel: 0086-769 88996200 Fax: 0086-769 88996200 E-mail: sf@camda.cc
CONTACT INFO
It can provide global services in a whole package for: 1. Diesel powered, PT CSP powered, and biogas powered plants, including design, manufacturing, construction, installation, operation, and maintenance 2. In PT CSP, the only one commands the manufacturing technology for high temperature glass vacuum heat-collecting tube 3. Manufacture heat-collecting tube, reflecting mirror, and tracking system
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
PROJECTS IN CSP Receiver Test* Generation System* Developer**
PROVINCE
CITY
Jiangsu
N/A
INSTALLED CAPACITY (MW) 50
N/A
N/A
TBD
TBD
TECHNOLOGY
Status
PT
Finished
56
PT
Finished
100 Table 95. CAMDA
PT
TBD
Source: * - CAMDA http://www.camda.cc/newsShow.aspx?id=537&lange=ch http://www.camda.cc/newsShow.aspx?id=499&lange=ch ** - http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/285841082.html
5.7.
MATERIALS Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 179
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.7.1.
Shandong Jinjing Technology Co.Ltd
Shandong Jinjing Technology Co., Ltd. Shandong Jinjing Technology Co., COMPANY Ltd. NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
http://en.cnggg.cn/
START DATE/OWNER
2004
PRIVATE
Address: Hi-tech Development Zone, Zibo City, Shandong Province, China, 255086 Tel: 0086-535-3581586 Fax: 0086-533-3915317 E-mail: sales@cnggg.cn
CONTACT INFO
Jinjing is mainly engaged in: 1. Product development, production, processing and management of glass, soda, and their extension 2. Gradually step into the solar new materials, energy efficiency material field
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
PROJECTS IN CSP
PROVINCE
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY (W)
TECHNOLOGY
Status
Glass Manufacturer
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Table 96. Shandong Jinjing Technology Co., Ltd.
Page 180
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.7.2.
July, 2012
Lanzhou Blue Sky Float Glass Co.Ltd
Lanzhou Blue Sky Float Co., Ltd.
Lanzhou Blue Sky Float Co., Ltd.
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE http://www.ltffbl.com/ltothers.php? AND LOGO
page=60 START DATE/OWNER
1958
STATE-OWNED
Address: No. 177, Xigu, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province, China, 730060 Tel: 0086-931-7508114 Fax: 0086-931-7326736 E-mail: ltgs@ltffbl.com
CONTACT INFO
It mainly manufacture: COMPANY DESCRIPTION
1. Float glass, tempered glass, hollow glass, and glass mirror etc.
PROJECTS IN CSP
PROVINCE
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY (W)
TECHNOLOGY
Status
Glass Manufacturer and Mirror Supplier
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Table 97. Lanzhou Blue Sky Float Co., Ltd.
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 181
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.7.3.
Jiuquan Iron and Steel Co. Ltd
Jiuquan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd.
Jiuquan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd.
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE http://www.jiugang.com/structure/s AND LOGO
houye/index START DATE/OWNER
1958
STATE-OWNED
Address: No. 12, Xiongguan East Road, Jiayuguan City, Gansu Province, China, 735100 Tel: 0086-937-6712505 Fax: 0086-937-6226872-2505 E-mail: zjlbinter@jiugang.com
CONTACT INFO
JISCO is a combined icon & steel company with the main business scope: 1. Mining, beneficiation, sintering, iron-making, steel making and steel rolling 2. Sectors as resources exploration, co-generation, mechanical manufacture, building construction, real estate, construction material, ferro-alloy, brewing, farming and planting, etc.
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
PROJECTS IN CSP
PROVINCE
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY (W)
TECHNOLOGY
Status
Steel and Steel Structure Manufacturer
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Table 98. Jiuquan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd.
Page 182
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.7.4.
July, 2012
Zhejiang Wanxiang Group
Zhejiang Wanxiang Group
Zhejiang Wanxiang Group
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE http://wxautoparts.globalimporter.n AND LOGO
et/ START DATE/OWNER
1969
PRIVATE
Address: Shengxing Road 1#, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China, 311215 Tel: 0086-571-82861220 Fax: 0086-571-82602358 Mr. Zhan Basah, E-mail: basha.zhan@hotmail.com
CONTACT INFO
Wanxiang Group is a manufacturer. Products/services tt offers are: COMPANY DESCRIPTION
1. Universal joints, bearing, driveshafts, CV joints, break series, shock absorbers, auto wipers, rubber parts, polymer lithium batteries and PV solar module
PROJECTS IN CSP
PROVINCE
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY (W)
TECHNOLOGY
Status
Automobile Parts Manufacturer
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Table 99. Zhejiang Wanxiang Group
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 183
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.7.5.
Xinglian Baoan New Energy Mining Co.Ltd
Xinjiang Baoan New Energy Mining Co., Ltd. Xinjiang Baoan New Energy Mining COMPANY Co., Ltd. NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
http://baoanmining.cn/
START DATE/OWNER
2008
JOINT-STOCK COMPANIES
Address: Halasu Farm North, Shanghu Town, Kuerle City, Xinjiang, China, 841000 Tel: 0086-996-2021126 Fax: 0086-996-2036692 E-mail: sunzhengmin1968@163.com
CONTACT INFO
At present the main business is: COMPANY DESCRIPTION
1. Audalusite mineral mining, processing, and sales
PROJECTS IN CSP
PROVINCE
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY (W)
Andalusite Product Supplier
N/A
N/A
N/A
TECHNOLOGY
Status
N/A
N/A
Table 100. Xinjiang Baoan New Energy Mining Co., Ltd.
Page 184
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.7.6.
July, 2012
Weifang Changsheng Nitrate Co. Ltd
Weifang Changsheng Nitrate Co., Ltd. Weifang Changsheng Nitrate Co., COMPANY Ltd. NAME, WEBSITE http://www.wfcsxygs.com/en/index. AND LOGO
asp START DATE/OWNER
1986
PRIVATE
Address: Zhuliu Industrial Park, Changle County Weifang City, Shandong Province, China, 262404 Tel: 0086-536-6711131 Fax: 0086-536-6712131 E-mail: changsheng@wfcsxygs.com
CONTACT INFO
It focus on: 1. Manufacture, research, development and sales, with advanced production process and high technical ability 2. Major products are nitrate, (at present, the total annual output of molten salt, potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, sodium nitrate, barium nitrate and calcium nitrate has reached 120 thousand tons)
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
PROJECTS IN CSP
PROVINCE
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY (W)
TECHNOLOGY
Status
Molten Salt Supplier
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Table 101. Weifang Changsheng Nitrate Co., Ltd.
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 185
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.7.7.
Xiaxiang Yunli Chemical Co. Ltd
Xiaxiang Yunli Chemical Co., Ltd.
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
Xiaxian Yunli Chemical Co., Ltd. http://www.xxylhg.com/en/
START DATE/OWNER
2005
PRIVATE
Address: Nandali Industrial Park, Xia County Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province, China, 044400 Tel: 0086-351-7033903 Fax: 0086-351-7033901 E-mail: cuirui198078@yahoo.com.cn
CONTACT INFO
It mainly engaged in: COMPANY DESCRIPTION
1. Chemical research, development, production of chemicals 2. Main products are sugar alcohol hydrogenation catalyst, chromium salts and series of nitrate product
PROJECTS IN CSP
PROVINCE
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY (W)
TECHNOLOGY
Status
Molten Salt Supplier
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Table 102. Xiaxian Yunli Chemical Co., Ltd.
Page 186
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.8.
COMPONENTS
5.8.1.
Mirrors
July, 2012
In this chapter some example of Chinese companies are showed. Zhejiang Daming Glass Co., Ltd. Is the most important company involved in solar but there are other big glass manufacturer companies in China
that
could
join
the
market
soon,
such
as
http://www.taiwanglass.com/,
http://www.southtech.cn/ or http://www.csgholding.com/. 5.8.1.1. Zhejiang Daming Glass Co. Ltd Zhejiang Daming Glass Co., Ltd.
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
Zhejiang Daming Glass Co., Ltd. http://www.damingglass.com/en/
START DATE/OWNER
2007
PRIVATE
Address: No. 7, Jianshe No. 4 Road, Xiaoshan Economic & Technological Development Zone Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China, 311215 Tel: 0086-571-22862781 Fax: 0086-571-56161718 Ms. Nie, Li, E-mail: office@damingglass.cn
CONTACT INFO
Its business is: COMPANY DESCRIPTION
1. By integrating production of new energy glass, ultra clear float glass, high-quality copper-free silver & aluminum mirror and deep-processing of glass
PROJECTS IN CSP
PROVINCE
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY (W)
TECHNOLOGY
Status
Mirror Supplier and Solar Field Integration
N/A
N/A
N/A
PT, Tower, Disk
N/A
Table 103. Zhejiang Daming Glass Co., Ltd.
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 187
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.8.1.2. Rayspower Co. Ltd
Rayspower New Energy Co., Ltd.
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
http://www.rayspower.com/
START DATE/OWNER
2005
STATE-OWNED
Address: Floor 12, Tower A of North Star Century Center, No.8 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China, 100101 Tel: 0086-10-84370757 Fax: 0086-10-51294999-8002 E-mail: info@rayspower.com
CONTACT INFO
Rayspower is a professional solution supplier for solar power plants and has formed a structure composed of two levels: COMPANY DESCRIPTION
PROJECTS IN CSP Developer and EPC* Mirror Manufacturer**
1. One focusing on EPC of large-scaled photovoltaic and concentrated solar power (CSP) plants. 2. Another focusing on R & D and manufacture of solar mirrors.
PROVINCE
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY (MW)
TECHNOLOGY
Status
Xinjiang
Turpan
2*50
Parabolic Trough
Planning
Sichuan
Chengdu
800
N/A
Operating
Table 104. Rayspower New Energy Co., Ltd. Source: * - RaysPower ** - From RaysPower website news center http://www.cppc360.com/bencandy.php?fid=159&id=27562
Page 188
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
5.8.1.3. Lanzhou Blue Sky Float Glass Co. Ltd Lanzhou Blue Sky Float Co., Ltd.
Lanzhou Blue Sky Float Co., Ltd.
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE http://www.ltffbl.com/ltothers.php? AND LOGO
page=60 START DATE/OWNER
1958
STATE-OWNED
Address: No. 177, Xigu, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province, China, 730060 Tel: 0086-931-7508114 Fax: 0086-931-7326736 E-mail: ltgs@ltffbl.com
CONTACT INFO
It mainly manufacture: COMPANY DESCRIPTION
1. Float glass, tempered glass, hollow glass, and glass mirror etc.
PROJECTS IN CSP
PROVINCE
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY (W)
TECHNOLOGY
Status
Glass Manufacturer and Mirror Supplier
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Table 105. Lanzhou Blue Sky Float Co., Ltd.
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 189
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.8.1.4. Beijing TeraSolar Photothermal Technologies Co. Ltd Beijing TeraSolar Photothermal Technologies Co. Ltd
Beijing TeraSolar Photothermal COMPANY NAME, Technologies Co. Ltd WEBSITE AND http://www.terasolar.com.cn/english/i LOGO
ndex.asp START DATE/OWNER
1958
Add：No.558 Baipenyao Village South Fengtai District Beijing China Tel：+86 10-83731868 Fax：+86 10-83865286
CONTACT INFO
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
STATE-OWNED
Beijing TeraSolar Photothermal Technologies Co., Ltd. is a high-tech enterprise specializing in the research and development, manufacture and marketing services of solar mirrors (main product), concentrating collectors, thermal storage systems, solar tracking devices and supporting structures.
PROJECTS IN CSP
PROVINCE
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY (W)
TECHNOLOGY
Status
Glass Manufacturer and Mirror Supplier
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Table 105a. Beijing TeraSolar Photothermal Technologies Co. Ltd
Page 190
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.8.2.
July, 2012
Receiver
5.8.2.1. IEECAS IEE CAS in collaboration with HIMIN
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
IEE CAS http://english.iee.cas.cn/
START DATE/OWNER
1958
STATE-OWNED
Address: No. 6, Beiertiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing, China, 100190 Tel: 0086-10-82547012 Fax: 0086-10-82547000 E-mail: dst@mail.iee.ac.cn
CONTACT INFO
It is: 1. A scientific research based in electrical engineering field focusing on the high-tech research & development, and a national scientific research organization aiming at developing new technologies of electrical engineering & energy as its scientific orientation
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
PROJECTS IN CSP
PROVINCE
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY (W)
Developer*
Beijing
Yanqing , Badaling
1
Tower
Operating
Receiver*
Inner Mongolia
Ordos
50
PT
N/A
TECHNOLOGY
Status
Table 106. IEECAS Source * - IEE CAS http://www.iee.cas.cn/xwzx/ttxw/201008/t20100823_2931138.html
IEE-CAS (Institute of Electrical Engineering and Chinese academy of Science) is an R&D Institute in PRC and a key laboratory of solar thermal energy and photovoltaic Systems since 1979. The majors covered are electricity and electronics technology, power system, automatic control, mechanical design, structure technique, solar cells, material engineering physics etc. Their Research fields are: 1) Solar thermal power technology and system integration 2) Photovoltaic power generation system
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 191
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.8.2.2. Himin Solar Energy Himin Solar Energy COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO START DATE/OWNER
Himin Solar Energy http://www.himin.com/english/ 1995
PRIVATE
Address: Sun-Moon Mansion, Solar Valley Road, Economic Development Zone CONTACT INFO
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
PROJECTS IN CSP R&D* Receiver**
Dezhou City, Shandong Province, China, 451200 Tel: 0086-534-5089801 Fax: 0086-534-2312784 Director: David Zhang E-mail: david@himin.com Himin Solar focuses on: 1. Producing solar water heaters, solar collectors, split solar water heating systems, vacuum tubes to the advanced technology: solar power generation, solar air-conditioning, solar swimming pool and seawater desalination etc. 2. R&D team continues to pioneer technology advances in clean energy INSTALLED PROVINCE CITY CAPACITY TECHNOLOGY Status (W) Shandong Dezhou 2.5 TBD Linear Fresnel/PT Finished Inner Ordos 50 PT N/A Mongolia Table 107. Himin Solar Energy
Source * - http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_6a64ad010100luin.html ** - IEE CAS http://www.iee.cas.cn/xwzx/ttxw/201008/t20100823_2931138.html but not confirmed
Himin Solar Co., Ltd, founded in June 1995, is located in solar valley in Dezhou city, China where they are also developing a 2,5 Fresnel plant. The headquarter covers an area of 2 million square meters, total staff around 7000, with 400 senior R&D professionals. International supplier of CSP core components---Fresnel receiver and Parabolic trough receiver, main supplier of solar water heater & collector, integrator of solar energy and architecture, organizer of the 4th ISCI (International Solar City Initiative). Main business: absorber tube (Fresnel receiver, Parabolic trough receiver) for CSP, solar process heating system, solar air-conditioning, solar seawater desalination, etc. Himin Solar absorber tubes have been exported to Spain, German, Australia, India, etc.
Page 192
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
5.8.2.3. Beijing Sunda and Beijing Solar Energy Research Institute (BSERI) SUNDA – Beijing Sunda Solar Energy Technology Co., Ltd.
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
Beijing Sunda Solar Energy Technology Co., Ltd. http://www.sundasolar.com/
START DATE/OWNER
1995 STATE-OWNED Address: No. 10, Da Yang Fang, Beiyuan Road Chaoyang District, Beijing, China 100012 Tel: 0086-10-57930251 57930245 Fax: 0086-10-57930220 E-mail: info@sundasolar.com lwn7788@126.com
CONTACT INFO
It is a worldwide leading manufacturer of evacuated tube solar collectors is currently focusing on: COMPANY DESCRIPTION
1. R & D and manufacture of products in the solar thermal industry.
PROJECTS IN CSP Korea thermal electricity system Receiver R&D and Manufacturer* Receiver R&D and Manufacturer* Receiver
R&D
and
Manufacturer*
Province/ Country
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY
TECHNOLOGY
Status
Korea
Gwangju
N/A
PT
Finished
Hebei
Langfang
200 kw
PT
Finished
Beijing
Beijing
12 m
PT
Finished
Hunan
Yuanling
200 kw
PT
Finished
Table 108. Beijing Sunda Solar Energy Technology Co., Ltd. Source: * - Sunda website
Sunda is closely co-operating with the affiliated BSERI, enforcing our continuing effort to rather define the development and the utilization of solar thermal products than to follow others. Sunda has been among the pioneers in the solar thermal industry. Lots of certificates of international institutes are conjointly proofing the standard-bearing quality of our products.
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 193
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
Beijing Solar Energy Research Institute - BSERI COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
Beijing Solar Energy Research Institute - BSERI www.beijingsunpu.com.cn
START DATE/OWNER
CONTACT INFO
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
PROJECTS IN CSP Receiver R&D
1979
STATE-OWNED
3 Hua Yuan Road Haidian District Beijing, 100083,China Phone:86-10-62001008 Fax:86-10-62374906 Group of Beijing Solar Energy Research Institute (referred as North Pacific Group) was established in 1979, the Beijing Municipal Government direct approval to set up China's first solar professional research institution. Today, the North Pacific Group has become the most R & D capabilities in the solar industry, scientific research, production and sales of high-tech group company, and enjoys a high reputation in the international arena. INSTALLED TECHNOLOGY Status CAPACITY Tibet Gwangju N/A PT Finished Table 108a. Beijing Solar Energy Research Institute - BSERI
Province
CITY
Beijing Solar Energy Research Institute involved in the construction of Solar Energy Research and Pilot Centre of Tibet Autonomous Regions. Established in 1979, BSERI is the largest professional solar energy research and development institution in China. It has all along been dedicated to the research and development of solar energy thermal application technologies and solar power generation technologies, and has attained a certain achievements in terms of quantum efficiency and the reduction of costs. It has won a number of awards including the National Invention Award, the First Prize of Beijing S&T Advancement, and the Famous Brand of Beijing. From 2001 to 2004, BSERI was engaged in the scientific and technological project in Tibet sponsored by Beijing Municipality and Sinopec Corp. During the three years, BSERI was responsible for the promotion of solar PV power stations, solar energy power supplying systems for small households and solar energy water heater in Lhasa, Naqu and Shuanghu Special Administrative Region in Tibet. It successfully installed 2,000 sets of solar energy power supplying systems, 150 sets of solar energy street lamps and over 10,000 square meters of solar energy water heaters and therefore has accumulated rich working experiences in Tibet.
Page 194
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
5.8.2.4. Huayuan New Energy Huayuan New Energy
Huayuan New Energy
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE http://www.hyne.cn/english/default. AND LOGO
asp START DATE/OWNER
2006
PRIVATE
Address: No. 587, Jinhua Rd. Dezhou City, Shandong Province, China, 253034 Tel: 0086-534-5011388 Fax: 0086-534-5010366 Director: David Zhang E-mail: office@hyne.cn
CONTACT INFO
HYNE is specialty on the research and application spread of the new energy technology, the scope of business is mainly on: 1. The design, construction and services of solar mid-high temperature projects (solar boilers reconstruction) and large-scale constant temperature biogas project, design and planning of new energy, environmental protection and save energy project.
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
PROJECTS IN CSP Mirror/Receiver R&D and Manufacturer*
PROVINCE
Xinjiang
CITY
Turpan
INSTALLED CAPACITY (MW) 350
TECHNOLOGY
Status
N/A
180 KW commissio ning
Table 109. Huayuan New Energy Source: * - http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/201174299.html
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 195
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.8.2.5. Linuo Solar Thermal Group Co. Ltd Linuo Solar Thermal Group Co., Ltd.
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
Linuo Solar Thermal Group Co., Ltd. http://www.linuo.com/en/
START DATE/OWNER
1994
PRIVATE
Address: No. 30099 Ji’nan Jingshidong Road, Ji’nan City, Shandong Province, China, 250103 Tel: 0086-531-88729999 Fax: 0086-531-88729010 E-mail: linuo@linuo.com
CONTACT INFO
Linuo focuses on two business, Sunshine Economy and Health Industry, including: COMPANY DESCRIPTION
1. Solar energy, Chinese & Western pharmaceutical, special glass, organic chemicals, and become one of the most influential enterprise in new energy field in the whole world
PROJECTS IN CSP
PROVINCE
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY (W)
TECHNOLOGY
Status
Receiver R&D
N/A
N/A
N/A
PT
Succeed up to 400°C
Table 109. Linuo Solar Thermal Group Co., Ltd.
Source * - Tsinghua University http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_7eb659270100y5qd.html
Page 196
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
5.8.2.6. Sunrain New Energy Sunrain New Energy
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
Sunrain New Energy http://en.sunrain.com/
START DATE/OWNER
1999
JOINT-STOCK COMPANIES
Address: Ninghai Industrial Zone, Lianyungang City, Jiangsu Province, China, 222243 Tel: 0086-518-85959806 85959886 Fax: 0086-518-85959808 E-mail: info@sunrain.com
CONTACT INFO
Sunrain is an innovation-driven renewable energy enterprise, specialized in: 1. Research and application of solar energy 2. Manufacture and marketing campaign 3. Solar energy water heater, solar thermal utilization products, solar heating system, solar energy air-conditioning system, air and related product
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
PROJECTS IN CSP
PROVINCE
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY (W)
Receiver R&D and Manufacturer
N/A
N/A
N/A
TECHNOLOGY
Status
N/A
N/A
Table 111. Sunrain New Energy
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 197
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.8.2.7. Huiyin Group Huiyin Group
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
Huiyin Group http://en.huiyin-group.com/
START DATE/OWNER
2002
PRIVATE
Address: Room 810-811, Block A, Fudun Center, No. 58, East 3rd Ring Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China, 100022 Tel: 0086-10-58674938 Fax: 0086-10-58674932 E-mail: info@huiyin-group.com
CONTACT INFO
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
The Company is mainly engaged in R&D, manufacturing, sales and case solution of: 1. High, medium and low temperature equipment
PROJECTS IN CSP
PROVINCE
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY (W)
Receiver R&D and Manufacturer
N/A
N/A
N/A
TECHNOLOGY
Status
N/A
N/A
Table 112. Huiyin Group On May, 8th, 1992, the Ven brothers took over Luz and successfully restarted the activities as Solel. After the sellout of Solel, HUIYIN-GROUP was founded and turned to first develop and later produce HCE in 2002. With headquarters located in Beijing CBD district and a 20.000 m² factory located in the prime industrial zone in Weihai Shandong, Huiyin is well placed today to offer a wide variety of vacuum tubes to suit all solar thermal processes. Equiped with ISO 9001 and ISO 14000 and a variety of industrial production and quality standards Huiyin can serve the most demanding customers. HUIYIN-GROUP, offers a wide range of industrial vacuum tubes, in standard lengths (4060mm) diameters (70, 80 and 90 mm) and a standard 3 mm wall thickness. HUIYIN-GROUP has a long-term strategic cooperation relationship with most of the international and domestic universities and institutions with a focus on solar thermal energy.
Page 198
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
5.8.2.8. Lanzhou Dacheng Technology Co. Ltd Lanzhou Dacheng Technology Co., Ltd.
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
Lanzhou Dacheng Technology Co., Ltd.
http://www.lzdctc.com/w/Default.htm#
START DATE/OWNER
1998
JOINT-STOCK COMPANIES
Address: No. 88, Anning West Road, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province, China, 730070 Tel: 0086-931-4956018 4956371 Fax: 0086-931-4956371 E-mail: gsst@vip.163.com
CONTACT INFO
Automation control technology is the foundation. It is a leading provider and manufacturer in: COMPANY DESCRIPTION
PROJECTS IN CSP Receiver R&D and Manufacturer* Receiver R&D and Manufacturer
1. Green coating equipment, green coating new materials equipment 2. Concentrating solar power application products series 3. Electronic railway signal system solutions PROVINCE
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY (W)
TECHNOLOGY
Status
Gansu
Lanzhou
200 K
PT+Linear Fresnel
Operating
Qinghai
Delingha
N/A
Linear Fresnel
Under Construction
Table 113. Lanzhou Dacheng Technology Co., Ltd.
Source * - CSP Asia Forum 2012
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 199
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.8.2.9. Beijing Tianruixing Solar Thermal Technology Co. Ltd CASC – China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
Beijing Tianruixing Solar Thermal Technology Co. Ltd http://www.spaceman.com.cn/
START DATE/OWNER
CONTACT INFO
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
2000
STATE-OWNED
Address: No.5, MinZuYuan Road, Chaoyang district, Beijing, China 100029 Tel: 0086-10-82994561 68116401 Fax: 0086-10-62387839 E-mail: yrr13693530222@126.com It is a receiver manufacturer for solar power plants and is currently focusing on: 1. R & D and manufacture of solar receivers
PROJECTS IN CSP
PROVINCE
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY (MW)
TECHNOLOGY
Status
Receiver R&D and Manufacturer
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Table 114. Beijing Tianruixing Solar Thermal Technology Co. Ltd Aries Ingeniería y Sistemas, leader in renewable energies, will be the technological partner for CSP projects with the Chinese company Beijing TianRuiXing Vacuum Technology Development. TianRuiXing, a subsidiary of the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation (CASC), is a company that is dedicated to renewable energies and the thermosolar sector. Aries Ingeniería y Sistemas and TianRuiXing have come together to begin collaboration on diverse thermosolar projects. Aries Ingeniería y Sistemas has a portfolio of over 1,000 MW in international renewable energy projects. The company is currently developing plants in the USA, Spain, Romania, and Bulgaria, as well as participating in the construction of various renewable energy power plants in Gujarat (India), and working on CSP projects in Egypt, Jordan, Morocco, Oman, the UAE, and Chile.
Page 200
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.8.2.10.
July, 2012
Shenzhen Weizhen Solar Energy Products Co. Ltd
Shenzhen Weizhen Solar Energy Products Co. Ltd
Shenzhen Weizhen Solar COMPANY Energy Products Co. Ltd NAME, WEBSITE AND http://www.wzsolar.com.cn/# LOGO START DATE/OWNER
2007
PRIVATE
CONTACT INFO
Address: Longgang District Sakata in Hao Weizhen Industrial City Industrial Park Tel :86 -755-33283655 Fax :86 -755-33283677 E-mail: wzsolar@wzsolar.com.cn
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
Weizhen Solar Products Co., Ltd. of Shenzhen, is a professional private enterprise manufacturing solar collector tube, to complete the formation of the end of 2007. The company's research and development of metal vacuum tube (also known as solar through tubes) obtained national patent.
PROJECTS IN CSP Receiver R&D and Manufacturer
INSTALLED PROVINCE CITY CAPACITY (MW) N/A
N/A
N/A
TECHNOLOGY
Status
N/A
N/A
Table 114a. Shenzhen Weizhen Solar Energy Products Co. Ltd Shenzhen Weizhen Solar Energy Product Co.,Ltd is a private professional manufacturer focusing on the production of vacuum metal solar energy collector tube. It was established at the end of 2007 and owned national patent to develop their own developed products. The product is also called solar energy straight tube in the market. 2009 Global Renewable Energy "Blue Sky Awards" Results "CSP solar direct vacuum tube Oceanlinx wave energy technology, awarded in 2009 the world's ten most investment value of the field of renewable energy technology " Blue Sky Award". In 2009 Shenzhen International Symposium on Renewable Energy Technology and Investment (RETI) gave World's ten most investment value in the field of renewable energy leading technology blue sky Award (BA). The Award Presentation Ceremony was held in Shenzhen.
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 201
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.8.2.11.
Royal Tech. Solar Co. Ltd
Royal Tech. Solar Co. Ltd
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
Royal Tech. Solar Co. Ltd
http://www.royalcsp.com/en/about.asp
START DATE/OWNER
CONTACT INFO
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
PROJECTS IN CSP Receiver R&D and Manufacturer Receiver R&D and Manufacturer
2009
PRIVATE
Address: Room 1504-1505, Building B, World Trade Center Changzhou, Jiangsu Contacter:Mr. Dou Tel: +86 519 8980 3570 ext 8111 Fax: +86 519 8980 3562 Zip: 213161 E-mail: sourcing@royalcsp.com Royal Tech Solar, located in Wujin, one of the fastest developing coastal districts in East China in Jiangsu Province. The Company is focus on the most updated renewable energy technology and provide good solutions for the challenge of Global warming. Three business line activities: Receiver Trough Oil in cooperation with Solutia INSTALLED PROVINCE CITY TECHNOLOGY Status CAPACITY Jiangsu Inner Mongolia
Changzhou
100 m
Parabolic Trough
Finished
600 m
Parabolic Trough
Under Construction
Table 114b. Shenzhen Weizhen Solar Energy Products Co. Ltd Royal Tech Solar is a high-tech enterprise specialized in Concentration Solar Power R&D and application. They open up this new industry in China, which will bring more advantages for this industry from cost reduction by large-scaled and localized high technology application. Royal Tech have designed, produced and built a 100 meters trough loop, using VP-1 as heat transfer fluid in temperature cycle testing. They have also formed they own large scale production and quality control system of HCEs and collectors.
Page 202
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.8.3.
July, 2012
Support Structure
5.8.3.1. Beijing Jingcheng Cailong Steel Structure Co. Ltd. Beijing Jingcheng Cailong Steel Structure Co., Ltd. Beijing
Jingcheng
Cailong
Steel
COMPANY Structure Co., Ltd. NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
http://www.jccl.com.cn/
START DATE/OWNER
2000
PRIVATE
Address: (No. 8, Zhaoli Industrial Zone) Hugezhuang Industrial Zone, Lucheng Town, Tongzhou District, Beijing, China, 101117 Tel: 0086-010-69599666 Fax: 0086-010-69599148-810 E-mail: jccl2008@126.com
CONTACT INFO
It mainly engages in: COMPANY DESCRIPTION
PROJECTS IN CSP Support Structure Manufacturing and Installing* Support Structure Manufacturing and Installing*
1. Steel structure technology development, production, and installation
PROVINCE
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY (W)
Beijing
Yanqing , Badaling
N/A
PT
Finished
Guandong
Zhongshan
N/A
PT
Finished
TECHNOLOGY
Status
Table 115. Beijing Jingcheng Cailong Steel Structure Co., Ltd. Source: * - Beijing Jingcheng Cailong Steel Structure Co., Ltd. http://www.jccl.com.cn/detail.asp?newsid=13 http://www.jccl.com.cn/detail.asp?newsid=12
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 203
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.8.3.2. Jiangsu Henglida Machine Co. Ltd. Jiangsu Henglida Machine Co., Ltd.
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
Jiangsu Henglida Machine Co., Ltd. http://www.henglidagroup.com/
START DATE/OWNER
2002
LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY
Address: No. 6, Chengnanlaoge Industrial Zone Xinghua City, Jiangsu Province, China, 213100 Tel: 0086-523-83594888 Fax: 0086-523-83738188 E-mail: jshld008@163.com
CONTACT INFO
It is specialized in producing hydraulic series complete sets of equipment enterprise. The main products are: COMPANY DESCRIPTION
1. Hydraulic push rod series, hydraulic tool electromagnetic valve series, oil cylinder series etc.
PROJECTS IN CSP
PROVINCE
N/A
N/A
Page 204
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY (W) N/A
TECHNOLOGY
N/A N/A Table 116. Jiangsu Henglida Machine Co., Ltd.
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
series,
Status N/A
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
5.8.3.3. Baotou Hydraulic Mechanical Plant Baotou Hydraulic Mechanical Plant
Baotou Hydraulic Mechanical Plant COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND http://www.btyeya.com/index.php?lang=en LOGO START DATE/OWNER
CONTACT INFO
1992
LLC
Address: No. 23, Xiao Yuan South Road, Rare Earth High-Tech Industry Development Zone, Baotou City, Inner Mongolia, China, 014030 Tel: 0086-472-5185208 Fax: 0086-472-5185259 E-mail: nmbtzs001@yahoo.cn It is specialized in hydraulic machine design and manufacture. The main products are:
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
1. Hydraulic cylinder, cylinder, hydraulic, lubrication, pneumatic system and a dedicated set of non-standard equipment
PROJECTS IN CSP
PROVINCE
N/A
N/A
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY (MW) N/A
TECHNOLOGY
N/A N/A Table 117. Baotou Hydraulic Mechanical Plant
Status N/A
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 205
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.8.4.
Control System
5.8.4.1. Beijing Tianyi Energy Technology Beijing Tianyi Energy Technology
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
Beijng Tianyi Energy Technology http://www.bjtyjx.net/
START DATE/OWNER
2006
PRIVATE
Address: Xingye Building Floor 5-Zone D, Baifuquan Road, Changping District, Beijing, China, 102200 Tel: 0086-010-69727715 Fax: 0086-010-69727715-601 E-mail: tyjx_2008@sina.com
CONTACT INFO
It is specialized in: COMPANY DESCRIPTION
1. Remote sensing and aerial photogrammetry, geographic information system applications and software development 2. Now expanded to energy development
PROJECTS IN CSP
PROVINCE
Control System
N/A
Page 206
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY (W) N/A
TECHNOLOGY
N/A N/A Table 118. Beijing Tianyi Energy Technology
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
Status N/A
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
5.8.4.2. Zhejiang Supcon Solar Energy Zhejiang Supcon Solar Energy
Zhejiang Supcon Solar Energy
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
http://solar.supcon.com/
START DATE/OWNER
1993
STATE-OWNED
Address: SUPCON park, No. 309, Liuhe Road, Binjiang District Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China, 310053 Tel: 0086-571-86667361 Fax: 0086-571-86667318 E-mail: Overseas@supcon.com
CONTACT INFO
It is: 1. Specialized in solar thermal power generation (CSP) technology research and technical solutions development 2. Solar thermal power generation core technologies of the overall solutions and design
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
PROJECTS IN CSP
PROVINCE
Developer*
Qinghai
INSTALLED CAPACITY TECHNOLOGY Status (MW) Delingha 50 Tower** Started Table 119. Zhejiang Supcon Solar Energy CITY
Source: * - State Grid ** - Internet http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/285841082.html
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 207
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.8.4.3. Beijing Guodian Zhishen Control Technology Co. Ltd Beijing Guodian Zhishen Control Technology Co., Ltd. Beijing Guodian Zhishen Control COMPANY Technology Co., Ltd. NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
http://www.gdzhishen.com/
START DATE/OWNER
2002
STATE-OWNED
Address: No. 16, Nanzhong Road, Nanshao Town, Changping District, Beijing, China, 102200 Tel: 0086-010-82813788 Fax: 0086-010-82813780 Ms. Nie, Li, E-mail: gdzs@gdzhishen.com
CONTACT INFO
It engages in: COMPANY DESCRIPTION
1. Important technical equipment automatic control system R&D, design, manufacturing, and application
PROJECTS IN CSP
PROVINCE
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY (MW)
TECHNOLOGY
Status
Distributed Control System Provider*
Beijing
Yanqing , Badaling
1
Tower
Operating
Table 120. Beijing Guodian Zhishen Control Technology Co., Ltd.
Source * - Internet http://www.cngk.org.cn/news/12/16490.html
Page 208
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
5.8.4.4. Nanjing Sciyon Automation Group Co. Ltd Nanjing Sciyon Automation Group Co., Ltd. Nanjing Sciyon Automation Group COMPANY Co., Ltd. NAME, WEBSITE http://www.sciyon.com/en/index.as AND LOGO
px START DATE/OWNER
1993
PRIVATE
Address: No. 27, Siemens Road, Jiangning Development Zone, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China, 211100 Tel: 0086-25-68598968 Fax: 0086-25-68598948 E-mail: sales@sciyon.com
CONTACT INFO
It is a leading supplier of: 1. Domestic thermal automation and power plant information technologies, products and solutions 2. Devote to R&D, production and sales of industrial automation and management information products
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
PROJECTS IN CSP
PROVINCE
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY (W)
Control System Provider
N/A
N/A
N/A
TECHNOLOGY
Status
N/A
N/A
Table 121. Nanjing Sciyon Automation Group Co., Ltd.
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 209
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.8.5.
Heat Storage
5.8.5.1. Changzhou Pressure Container Testing Ins. Changzhou Pressure Container Testing Ins.
Changzhou Pressure Container Testing Ins. COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND http://www.czdes.com/english/main/index.asp LOGO START DATE/OWNER
2007
PRIVATE
Address: Menghe Twon, Xinbei Area Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China, 213139 Tel: 0086-519-83531917 Fax: 0086-519-83530662 E-mail: wu.ruichang@gmail.com
CONTACT INFO
It is: COMPANY DESCRIPTION
PROJECTS IN CSP N/A
Page 210
1. Specialized in all kinds of materials including the non-ferrous metal, the stainless steel and the designation, manufacturing, installation and maintenance of compound material equipments PROVINCE
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY (MW) N/A
TECHNOLOGY
N/A N/A N/A Table 122. Changzhou Pressure Container Testing Ins.
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
Status N/A
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
5.8.5.2. Jiangsu Sunhome New Energy Co., Ltd. Jiangsu Sunhome New Energy Co., Ltd.
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
Jiangsu Sunhome New Energy Co. Ltd.
http://www.sunhome.cn/
START DATE/OWNER
1998
PRIVATE
Headquarters of Jiangsu Sunhome New Energy Co., Ltd. Add.: No.1, Chuangyangang, International Innovation Base, Tianrun Avenue, Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province
CONTACT INFO
Tel：+86-519-83689008 E-mail：sunhome1998@163.com Jiangsu Sunhome New Energy Co., Ltd., is a national high-tech enterprise specialized in COMPANY DESCRIPTION
the utilization, research and development of solar light and heat, focusing on energy storage, particularly high temperature molten salt energy storage system, system design, manufacture and construction of key components, etc.
PROJECTS IN CSP
PROVINCE
CITY
N/A
N/A
N/A
INSTALLED CAPACITY (MW) N/A
TECHNOLOGY
Status
N/A
N/A
Table 122a. Jiangsu Sunhome New Energy Co., Ltd.
In recent years, the company has founded “the Joint Engineering Center of Solar Energy Heat Utilization” by cooperating with Southeast University, and founded “the Research Institute of Solar Thermal Energy Power Generation and Energy Storage Technologies”, realizing better “universityindustry” combination. The company has the first 20MWh pilot plant test platform of full-fused-salt power generation in China. “The Research Institute of Solar Thermal Energy Power Generation and Energy Storage Technologies, with more than 30 research and development personnel, is specialized in the research and development of solar thermal energy power generation and energy storage technologies, which mainly includes the design and manufacture of large high-temperature storage tanks and fused salt heat exchangers, fused salt delivery and safety control, solidification-preventing treatment of fused salt system in high-cold regions, research of energy storage media, etc. It has more than 30 invention patents and independent intellectual property rights. Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 211
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.8.6.
Steam Generator
5.8.6.1. Taihu Boiler Co. Ltd Taihu Boiler Co., Ltd.
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
Taihu Boiler Co., Ltd. http://www.scthboiler.com/
START DATE/OWNER
CONTACT INFO
2003
LLC
Address: No. 399, Southern Jinxiu Road, cross-strait industrial park of science and technology development Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China, 611138 Tel: 0086-28-82782386 Fax: 0086-28-82782682 E-mail: market@scthboiler.com It is:
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
1. The largest industrial boiler manufacture enterprise. Manufacture and R&D different kinds of boilers.
PROJECTS IN CSP
PROVINCE
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY (MW)
TECHNOLOGY
Status
Steam Generator Provider
Beijing
Yanqing, Badaling
1
Tower
Operating
Table 123. Taihu Boiler Co., Ltd. Source: * - http://www.chinabidding.org.cn/BidInfoDetails_bid_286342.html
Page 212
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
5.8.6.2. Changsha Boiler Co., Ltd Changsha Boiler Co., Ltd.
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
Changsha Boiler Co., Ltd. http://en.csboiler.com/
START DATE/OWNER
2006
STATE-OWNED
Address: No. 908, Zhongyi First Road, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China, 410007 Tel: 0086-731-5041588 Fax: 0086-731-5041566 E-mail: csg@csboiler.com
CONTACT INFO
It integrates: COMPANY DESCRIPTION
1. The consultant, development, production, marketing, installation, and other engineering service of boilers, pressure vessels, and environmental protecting equipment
PROJECTS IN CSP
PROVINCE
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY (MW)
TECHNOLOGY
Status
Steam Generator Provider*
Qinghai
Delingha
50
Tower
Started
Table 124. Changsha Boiler Co., Ltd. Source: * - Internet http://gzw.changsha.gov.cn/gzdt/qydt/201012/t20101202_357480.htm
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 213
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.8.7.
Power Block and Pumps
5.8.7.1. Dongfang Electric Group Dongfang Electric Group
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
Dongfang Electric Group http://www.dongfang.com.cn/
START DATE/OWNER
1993
STATE-OWNED
Address: No. 18, Xixin Road, Gaoxin West Zone, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China, 611731 Tel: 0086-028-87898111 Fax: 0086-028-87019555 E-mail: dongfang@dongfang.com
CONTACT INFO
It is: COMPANY DESCRIPTION
1. China’s largest power equipment manufacturing base 2. Large power generation equipment R&D, design, manufacturing, and power plant project EPC
PROJECTS IN CSP
PROVINCE
HTF System*
Gansu
INSTALLED CAPACITY TECHNOLOGY (MW) JiaYuGuan 1.5 N/A Table 125. Dongfang Electric Group CITY
Status Started
Source: * - Internet http://news.byf.com/html/20111220/132738.shtml
Page 214
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
5.8.7.2. Shanghai Electric Group Shanghai Electric Group
Shanghai Electric Group COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND http://www.shanghaiLOGO
electric.com/en/pages/default.aspx
START DATE/OWNER
2004
STATE-OWNED
Address: No. 212, Qin Jiang Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China, 200233 Tel: 0086-21-33261888 Fax: 0086-21-34695780 E-mail: service@shanghai_electric.com
CONTACT INFO
It has: 1. The strength of supplying whole sets of equipment, EPC projects, and comprehensive service for modern equipment 2. High efficient clean energy and new energy equipment are core businesses
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
PROJECTS IN CSP
PROVINCE
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY (MW)
TECHNOLOGY
Status
Design, Manufacturing, and O&M*
Qinghai
Golmud
100
Tower
Plan
Table 126. Shanghai Electric Group Source: * - Internet http://www.epccn.com.cn/html/zixun/taiyangneng_20120613_89.html
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 215
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.8.7.3. Harbin Turbine Co., Ltd Harbin Turbine Co., Ltd.
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
Harbin Turbine Co., Ltd. http://www.htc.com.cn/en/home.htm
START DATE/OWNER
1956
STATE-OWNED
Address: No. 345, San Da Dong Li Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, China, 150046 Tel: 0086-451-82953544 Fax: 0086-451-82953495 E-mail: yuqm@htc.com.cn
CONTACT INFO
It is specialized in: COMPANY DESCRIPTION
1. Designing and manufacturing large sized fossil turbine, nuclear turbine, industrial steam turbine, marine steam turbine and gas turbine
PROJECTS IN CSP
PROVINCE
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY (MW)
TECHNOLOGY
Status
Developer and Turbine Provider
Argentina, Salta
Valles Calchaquies
20
Parabolic Trough
Planning
Table 127. Harbin Turbine Co., Ltd.
Page 216
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
5.8.7.4. Hangzhou Steam Turbine Hangzhou Steam Turbine
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
Hangzhou Steam Turbine http://en.htc.net.cn/
START DATE/OWNER
1998
STATE-OWNED
Address: No. 357, Shiqiao Road, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China, 310022 Tel: 0086-571-85780114 Fax: 0086-571-85780433 E-mail: sales@htc.net.cn
CONTACT INFO
It is producing industrial steam turbines: COMPANY DESCRIPTION
PROJECTS IN CSP Turbine Provider* Turbine Provider*
1. According to customers special needs to design and manufacture the industrial steam turbine with non-standard means requested
PROVINCE
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY (MW)
TECHNOLOGY
Status
Beijing
Yanqin, Badaling
1
Tower
Operating
Qinghai
Delingha
50
Tower
Started
Table 128. Hangzhou Steam Turbine Source: * http://www.chinabidding.org.cn/BidInfoDetails_bid_362449.html http://guba.eastmoney.com/look,200771,4501701638.html
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 217
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.8.7.5. Nanjing Steam Turbine Co. Ltd Nanjing Steam Turbine Co., Ltd.
Nanjing Steam Turbine Co., Ltd. COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND http://www.ntcchina.com/website/en/index.aspx LOGO START DATE/OWNER
2004
JOINT VENTURE
Address: No. 80, North Central Road, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China, 210037 Tel: 0086-025-84066666 Fax: 0086-025-85502858 E-mail: zjb@ntcchina.com
CONTACT INFO
The main products are: COMPANY DESCRIPTION
PROJECTS IN CSP Turbine Provider
1. Heavy-duty gas turbine generating unit, steam turbine generating unit, gas-steam combined cycle unit, co-gen. steam turbine unit and generator as well as large & medium sized synchronized/asynchronised motors PROVINCE
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY (MW)
N/A
N/A
N/A
TECHNOLOGY Status N/A
Table 129. Nanjing Steam Turbine Co., Ltd.
Page 218
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
N/A
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
5.8.7.6. Xian Aero Engine PLC Xi’an Aero-Engine PLC
Xi’an Aero-Engine PLC COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND http://www.xaec.com/system/_owner LOGO s/main/_webprj/main_1/index.jsp
START DATE/OWNER
1958
STATE-OWNED
Address: Xu Jia Wan, Weiyang District, Xi’an City, Shanxi Province, China, 710021 Tel: 0086-029-86150271 Fax: 0086-029-86629636 E-mail: hkdl2008@xaec.com
CONTACT INFO
XAEC is: 1. China large and medium sized military and civilian aircraft engine R&D and manufacturing base 2. Large ship gas turbine power plant production repair base 3. New environmental protection energy field R&D base 4. High technology processing and manufacturing center
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
PROJECTS IN CSP N/A*
PROVINCE TBD
INSTALLED TECHNOLO CAPACITY (MW) GY TBD 100 TBD Table 130. Xi’an Aero-Engine PLC
CITY
Status Planning
Source: * - http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/285841082.html
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 219
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.8.7.7. CAMDA New Energy CAMDA
CAMDA COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND http://www.camda.cc/index.aspx?lang LOGO e=en
START DATE/OWNER
1998
PRIVATE
Address: Tangchun Industrial Zone, Liaobu Town, Dongguan City, Guangdong, China, 523407 Tel: 0086-769 88996200 Fax: 0086-769 88996200 E-mail: sf@camda.cc
CONTACT INFO
It can provide global services in a whole package for:
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
PROJECTS IN CSP Receiver Test* Developer**
1. Diesel powered, PT CSP powered, and biogas powered plants, including design, manufacturing, construction, installation, operation, and maintenance 2. In PT CSP, the only one commands the manufacturing technology for high temperature glass vacuum heat-collecting tube 3. Manufacture heat-collecting tube, reflecting mirror, and tracking system PROVINCE
CITY
Jiangsu TBD
N/A TBD
INSTALLED TECHNOLOGY CAPACITY 25 m PT 100 MW PT Table 131. CAMDA
Source: * - CAMDA website http://www.camda.cc/newsShow.aspx?id=537&lange=ch http://www.camda.cc/newsShow.aspx?id=499&lange=ch ** - http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/285841082.html
Page 220
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
Status Finished TBD
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.8.8.
July, 2012
System Integration
5.8.8.1. Beijing Zhonghang Airport general equipment Co. Ltd. Beijing Zhonghang Airport General Equipment Co., Ltd.
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
Beijing Zhonghang Airport General Equipment Co., Ltd. http://zhonghangge.com/Pages/EN/Index.aspx
START DATE/OWNER
CONTACT INFO
2001
LLC
Address: No. 6, Tianzhu East Road, Jia Kong Gang Industrial Zone Shunyi District, Beijing, China, 101312 Tel: 0086-010-52131188 Fax: 0086-010-52131189 E-mail: admin@zhonghangge.com It:
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
PROJECTS IN CSP Equipment Manufacturing*
1. Designs and implements ground support, energy and environment protection equipment, and electrical equipment with are widely used in airport, airlines, power plant, and mines PROVINCE
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY (MW)
TECHNOLOGY
Status
Hunan
Yuanling
N/A
PT
Finished
Table 132. Beijing Zhonghang General Equipment Co., Ltd. Source: * - http://www.tynw.net.cn/News/3/8061.html
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 221
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.8.8.2. Penglai Electric Power Equipment Manufacturing Co. Ltd Penglai Electric Power Equipment Manufacturing Co., Ltd.
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
Penglai Electric Power Equipment Manufacturing Co., Ltd. http://www.sdpldl.com/
START DATE/OWNER
1987
STATE-OWNED
Address: No. 1, Nanguan Road, Penglai City, Shandong Province, China, 100107 Tel: 0086-535-5643618 Fax: 0086-535-5651028 E-mail: liys@sdpldl.com
CONTACT INFO
For electric power equipment, it can provide: COMPANY DESCRIPTION
1. Technical development, technical consultation, equipment manufacturing, equipment import, installation, debugging services etc.
PROJECTS IN CSP
PROVINCE
System Integration*
Shaanxi
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY (MW)
TECHNOLOGY
Status
Yulin
2000
Tower
N/A
Table 133. Penglai Electric Power Equipment Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Cooperate with eSolar USA Source* http://www.huiyin-group.com/news_detail/newsId=d2d05b75-a68c-4ecc-9f4c-93f37531f8d6&comp_stats=compFrontNews_listByMultiCategory01-1316599850818.html
Page 222
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
5.8.8.3. Shanghai Gongdian Energy Shanghai Gongdian
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
Shanghai Gongdian Energy Technology Co., Ltd. http://www.gdecorp.cn/index.htm
START DATE/OWNER
Private Company (Joint Stock Company)
2006
Beijing Branch Address: Room 304, No. 1 North Floor, Liupukang Street Xicheng District, Beijing, China, 750002 Tel: 0086-10-82032378 Fax: 0086-10-82035924 E-mail: N/A
CONTACT INFO
Shanghai GD Energy is developer, R&D, and Manufacturer of CSP Shanghai GD Energy focus on R&D, system design and software development for CSP Plants: COMPANY DESCRIPTION
PROJECTS IN CSP Developer*
1. Tower 2. Parabolic through 3. Dish
PROVINCE
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY (MW) 100
TECHNOLOGY
Status
Qinghai Golmud** Tower Plan Table 134. Shanghai Gongdian Energy Technology Co., Ltd.
Source: * - ADB ** - http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/285841082.html
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 223
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.9.
EPC AND OPERATION
5.9.1.
China Datang
The utility companies have local brunches that work for local projects: In Datang, for instance, in the province of Gansu, China Datang Corporation_Datang Gansu Power Generation Co., Ltd.
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
Datang Gansu Power Generation Co., Ltd. http://www.dtgspgc.com/Portal/Main.aspx
START DATE/OWNER
2004
STATE-OWNED
Address: No. 299, Nanbinhe Zhong Street, Qilihe District, Lanzhou City, Gansu, China, 730050 Tel: 0086Fax: 0086E-mail: gansufgs@china-cdt.com
CONTACT INFO
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
PROJECTS IN CSP EPC
Page 224
CDT Gansu is main engaged in: 1. Electric power generation, thermal production, supply and marketing 2. Electric power equipment facilities maintenance, commissioning, operation and maintenance, marketing 3. Engineering and techniques R&D 4. Investment and asset management
PROVINCE
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY (MW) N/A
TECHNOLOGY
Status
N/A N/A N/A N/A Table 135. China Datang Corporation_Datang Gansu Power Generation Co., Ltd.
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.9.2.
July, 2012
China Guodian
In Xinjiang Province, China Guodian Cooperation – Guodian Xinjiang Power Co., Ltd.
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
Guodian Xinjiang Power Co., Ltd. http://gdxjdl.com/
START DATE/OWNER
2002
STATE-OWNED
Address: No. 626, Xihong East Road, Shuimogou District, Ulumuqi City, Xinjiang, China, 830063 Tel: 0086-991-4609800 Fax: 0086-991-4609800 E-mail: N/A
CONTACT INFO
CGC is main engaged in: 1. Development, investment, construction, operation and management of power generation of coal-fire, hydroelectricity, and wind power
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
PROJECTS IN CSP
PROVINCE
EPC
N/A
CITY
INSTALLED CAPACITY (W) N/A
TECHNOLOGY
N/A N/A Table 136. Guodian Xinjiang Power Co., Ltd.
Status N/A
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 225
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.9.3.
CGN Solar Energy
China Guangdong Nuclear – China Nuclear Power Engineering Co., Ltd. China G Nuclear Power Engineering COMPANY Co., Ltd. NAME, WEBSITE http://www.cnpec.com.cn/n2808187 AND LOGO
/index.html START DATE/OWNER
2004
STATE-OWNED
Address: Science Building, No. 1001, Shangbuzhong Road, CONTACT INFO
Shenzhen City, Guangzhou, China, 518028 Tel: 0086Fax: 0086E-mail: N/A CNPEC (completely provide EPCS) business includes:
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
1. Contracting, construction, management, consultation, supervision on industrial and civil projects, i.e., nuclear power, conventional power, heating supply, gas, harbor, hydraulic etc. 2. Engineering technology services and economic information consultation 3. Project bidding agency 4. Import and export of products and technology 5. Procurement and sales of electric equipment and material
Table 137. China Guangdong Nuclear – China Nuclear Power Engineering Co., Ltd.
Page 226
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.9.4.
July, 2012
China Huaneng
A summary of the subsidiaries in some important locations related to Solar Thermal Electricity Projects in Huaneng. China Huaneng Group – Huaneng Tibet Power Generation Co., Ltd COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO
Huaneng Tibet Power Generation Co., Ltd http://www.chng.com.cn/n31531/n31 613/n293133/n418910/n419006/c467 799/content.html
START DATE/OWNER
2007
STATE-OWNED
Address: No. 17, Dianjian Business Hotel, Duodi Road, CONTACT INFO
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
Lhas City, Tibet, China, 850000 Tel: 0086-891-6363109 Fax: 0086CHNG Tibet is main engaged in: 1. Development, investment, construction, operation and management of electricity (heat) and clean energy project in Tibet 2. Responsible for CHNG in Tibet area power marketing, market research and market development work Table 138. Huaneng Tibet Power Generation Co., Ltd
China Huaneng Group – Huaneng Gansu Energy Development Co., Ltd
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO START DATE/OWNER
Huaneng Gansu Energy Development Co., Ltd http://www.chedg.cn/ 2008
STATE-OWNED
Address: No. 33, Beibinhe West Road, Anning District, CONTACT INFO
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
Lanzhou City, Gansu, China, 730070 Tel: 0086Fax: 0086-931-7693366 CHGED main business is: 1. Coal fire (heating), railway, the coal chemical and water conservancy projects, hydroelectric power, wind power project investment, development, construction, and operation management Table 139.Huaneng Gansu Energy Development Co., Ltd
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 227
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
China Huaneng Group – Huaneng Xinjiang Energy Development Co., Ltd
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO START DATE/OWNER
Huaneng Xinjiang Energy Development Co., Ltd N/A 2007
STATE-OWNED
Address: No. 799, Nanhu North Road, CONTACT INFO
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
Urumqi City, Xinjiang, China, 830017 Tel: 0086Fax: 0086E-mail: N/A CHNG Xinjiang main business is: 1. Electricity generation, coal, railway, the coal chemical and water conservancy projects investment, development, construction, and operation management Table 140. Huaneng Xinjiang Energy Development Co., Ltd
China Huaneng Group – Huaneng Hainan Power Generation Co., Ltd
Huaneng Hainan Power Generation Co., Ltd
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE http://www.chng.com.cn/n31531/n3 AND LOGO
1613/n293133/n418910/n418998/c4 67760/content.html
START DATE/OWNER
2005
STATE-OWNED
Address: Floor 19, Qiongqin Building, No. 83, Binhai Road, CONTACT INFO
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
Haikou City, Hainan, China, 570105 Tel: 0086-898-36629999 Fax: 0086E-mail: N/A CHNG Hainan main business is: 1. Electricity products production and marketing 2. Responsible for huaneng power enterprise investment and management in Hainan Table 141. Huaneng Hainan Power Generation Co., Ltd
Page 228
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.9.5.
July, 2012
China Huadian Engineering Co.,Ltd (CHEC)
China Huadian Engineering Co.,Ltd (CHEC)
China Huadian Engineering Co.,Ltd COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE http://www.chec.com.cn/ AND LOGO START DATE/OWNER CONTACT INFO
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
1978
STATE-OWNED Beijing City, Xicheng District, China, Tel: 0086-010-51967000 E-mail: chec@chec.com.cn
1. Affiliated enterprise of China Huadian Corporation 2. Focus on developing engineering technology industry including EPC work of CSP
Table 141a. China Huadian Engineering Co.,Ltd
Responsible for Jinta 50MW parabolic trough project EPC.
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 229
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.9.6.
North China Power Engineering Co., Ltd (NCPE)
North China Power Engineering Co., Ltd (NCPE)
North China Power Engineering Co., COMPANY Ltd (NCPE) NAME, WEBSITE http://www.ncpe.com.cn/ncpeIntern AND LOGO
et/English/Pages/default.aspx START DATE/OWNER CONTACT INFO
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
1978
STATE-OWNED Phone: (86)-010 59385588 Fax: (86)-010-82281800 Email:ncpe@ncpe.com.cn
1. Responsible for power plant design, consulting and EPC. 2. Signed several contracts with CSP developers to design CSP power plant 3. Signed contract with Hanas responsible for EPC on 92.5MW ISCC project
Table 141b. North China Power Engineering Co., Ltd (NCPE)
Page 230
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.9.7.
July, 2012
Northwest Electric Power Design Institute of China Power Engineering Consulting Group
Northwest Electric Power Design Institute (NWEPDI)
Northwest Electric Power Design COMPANY Institute (NWEPDI) NAME, WEBSITE http://www.nwepdi.com/Pages/defa AND LOGO
ult.aspx START DATE/OWNER CONTACT INFO
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
STATE-OWNED Phone: (86)-(029)88358888 Fax: (86)- (029)88358899
Responsible for power plant design, consulting and EPC Designed most of CSP projects in China northwest area Table 141c. Northwest Electric Power Design Institute (NWEPDI)
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 231
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.10.
DISTRIBUTION
The China Grid is divided into six grids: Northwest, Northeast, North, Central, East and South Grid, but there are two groups controlling the Grid: The State Grid Company (where there are included the first five grids) and the Southern Grid Company (where is included the southern Grid).
Figure 69. China Grid Structure
5.10.1. State Grid Company or Corporation
State Grid Company of China (SGCC) COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND http://www.sgcc.com.cn/ywlm/index.shtml LOGO START DATE/OWNER
CONTACT INFO
2002
STATED-OWNED
Address: No. 86, West Chang’an Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, China, 100031 Tel: 0086-010-66597205 Fax: 0086-010-66597205 E-mail: sgcc-info@sgcc.com.cn The mission is to provide safe, economical, clean and sustainable electric power for social and economic development:
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
Page 232
1. Core businesses are the construction and operation of power network in: Northwest Grid Northeast Grid North China Grid Central China Grid East China Grid Table 142. State Grid Company of China (SGCC)
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.10.1.1.
July, 2012
Northeast China Grid Company Limited
Northeast China grid company limited (NEG) business areas covers the three provinces in Northeast, including Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang province and the east of Inner Mongolia autonomous region (Chifeng city, Tongliao city, the hulunbuir city and Xinganmeng). The network covers the area of 1268 thousand square kilometers, supplies power service to a population of 121 million. It manages directly 5 bureaus of ultrahigh voltage which are Jinzhou, Changchun, Shenyang and Harbin, Qiqihar, 5 hydropower plants which are Baishan, Fengman, Yunfeng, peace bay, Songjianghe, 2 education training centers in Dalian and Fengman and holding the northeast power science research institute Co., LTD.
5.10.1.2.
Northwest China Grid Company Limited
Northwest China Grid Company Limited business areas cover Gansu province, Shaanxi province, Qinghai province, Ningxia Hui autonomous region, Xinjiang uygur autonomous region and the Tibetan autonomous region.
5.10.1.3.
North China Grid Company Limited
North China grid includes 5 parts, the grid of Inner Mongolia West, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei power grid, southern power grid of Hebei, Shanxi power grid, Shandong grid. And they are connected with the northeast power grid, central China power grid.
Figure 70. North China Grid Sketch
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 233
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
5.10.1.4.
East China Grid Company Limited
East China power gridâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s management area includes Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, and Fujian province power grid.
Figure 71. North China Grid Sketch
5.10.1.5.
Central China Grid Company Limited
The central China power grid is composed by six parts, Henan, Sichuan, Chongqing, Hubei, Jiangxi and Hunan power grid. Among them, the Henan power grid is connected with the northwest of grid and north China grid, Hubei power grid are connected with east China power grid and the southern power grid.
Figure 72. Central China Grid Sketch
Page 234
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
5.10.2. China South Grid Company China South Grid Company
COMPANY NAME, WEBSITE AND LOGO START DATE/OWNER
CONTACT INFO
China South Grid Company http://eng.csg.cn/ 2002
STATED-OWNED
Address: No. 6, Huasui Road, Zhujiang Xincheng Tianhe District, Guangzhou City, China, 510623 Tel: 0086-20-38121080 Fax: 0086-20-38120189 E-mail: international@csg.cn CSG:
COMPANY DESCRIPTION
1. Invests, constructs and operates power networks in Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Guizhou and Hainan provinces and regions 2. Related power transmission and distribution business 3. Electric power marketing and power transaction and scheduling business 4. Foreign construction projects and labour services Table 143. China South Grid Company
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 235
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
6.
ANNUAL INSTALLED CAPACITY PLANNED FOR SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY FOR THE
DIFFERENT PROVINCES IN CHINA (MW) As a summary of section 3 (Solar Thermal Electricity Potential) where it was pointed out that 5 provinces were most suitable for developing CSP projects and section 4 (Market developments in 2011) where it was shown a compilation of all CSP Projects in China, the Asian Development Bank chart shows in a ball chart the land suitable for CSP in China, with a special focus in two locations which are Qinghai and Gansu.
Figure 73. Land suitable for CSP in PRC Source UMME and ADB Also the projects planned and under construction show this tendency since Gansu and Qinghai are the provinces with more projects projected with six each one as it is shown in Table 144. The table is a summary of all the projects organized by the different provinces in China.
Page 236
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
Local
PROVINCE OR
Level
REGION
B1
BEIJING
G1
Solar MW
Solar MW
Capacity
Capacity
(Short term)
(Long term)
July, 2012
Technology
Status
1
Power Tower
Under Construction
GANSU
50
Parabolic Trough
Under Construction (on hold)
G2
GANSU
10
Parabolic Trough
Planning
G3
GANSU
50
Parabolic Trough
Planning
G4
GANSU
50
Parabolic Trough
Planning
G5
GANSU
1.5
Parabolic Trough
Planning (in advanced stage)
G6
GANSU
100
Parabolic Trough
Planning
GD1
GUANDONG
1
Parabolic Trough
Planning
H1
HAINAN
1
Dish
Operating
50
Parabolic Trough
Under Construction
30
Parabolic Trough
Planning
Parabolic Trough
Planning
I1 I2 I3
INNER MONGOLIA INNER MONGOLIA INNER
200
550
MONGOLIA
J1
JIANGSU
0.1
Parabolic Trough
Planning
N1
NINGXIA
92.5
Parabolic Trough (ISCC)
Under Construction
N2
NINGXIA
100
Parabolic Trough
Planning
Q1
QINGHAI
10
Parabolic Trough
Under Construction
Q2
QINGHAI
50
Parabolic Trough
Under Construction
Q3
QINGHAI
50
Power Tower
Planning (in advanced stage)
Q4
QINGHAI
50
Parabolic Trough
Planning
Q5
QINGHAI
50
Parabolic Trough
Planning
Q6
QINGHAI
50
1000
Parabolic Trough
Planning
SH1
SHAANXI
50
2000
Parabolic Trough
Planning
SD1
SHANDONG
2.5
Fresnel
Under Construction
SC1
SICHUAN
100
Parabolic Trough
Planning
T1
TIBET
50
Parabolic Trough
Planning
T2
TIBET
6
130
Dish
Planning (Cancelled)
X1
XINJIANG
0.18
150
Parabolic Trough
Operating (having problems)
X2
XINJIANG
1.5
200
Parabolic Trough
Planning
X3
XINJIANG
337
Parabolic Trough
Planning
X4
XINJIANG
300
Parabolic Trough
Planning
12
1000
100
Table 144. Installed Capacity by Province and Projects
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 237
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
In Global terms, the projects in an operating stage are just some experimental projects of very small scale around 1MW and with some problems in finalizing the management of operations. In terms of under construction around 250 MW are in a developing stage and finally about 1 GW is under short term planning and around 5 GW in long term planning.
PROVINCE OR REGION
Solar MW
Solar MW
Capacity
Capacity
(Short term) (Long term) BEIJING
1
GANSU (6 PROJECTS)
261.5
GUANDONG
1
HAINAN
1
INNER MONGOLIA (3 PROJECTS)
80
JIANGSU
0.1
NINGXIA (2 PROJECTS)
192.6
Not Known (4 PROJECTS)
350
QINGHAI (6 PROJECTS)
260
2100
SHAANXI
50
2000
SHANDONG
2.5
SICHUAN TIBET (2 PROJECTS)
200
550
100 23
XINJIANG (4 PROJECTS)
56
130
13.68
987
Table 145. Total Installed Capacity by Province The next project to be in operation is trying to be the Power Tower Project in Badaling Beijing of 1MW which is now still under construction in an advanced stage. Gansu has more than 260 MW all of them parabolic trough planned and under construction projects, of which 50 MW is one of the five projects approved in China and financed by ADB and right now under construction (on hold because of the tariff definiton by Central Government) in Jinta city. In Inner Mongolia is located the first bidding project approved by FIT in the location of Erdos. Apart from this one two other projects are projected totaling 80 MW in short term and more than 600 MW in long term. In Guandong, CAMDA is trying to install their own laboratory on CSP where they want to install also 1 MW parabolic trough project between land and roof. There are also some pilot project loops in Nanjing, Jiangsu city of 100 KW and in Hainan Island a 1 MW dish project is trying to finish their connection to the grid.
23
Dish project has been cancelled.
Page 238
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
The first Integrated Solar Combined with coal project is approved and planned to be constructed in Ningxia. The developer is Hanas and the project will be 92.5 MW of Parabolic Trough. Another 100 MW of parabolic trough are planned to be constructed in this province. Around 350 MW are in a planning stage by different developers to construct four projects but the location is not decided yet. 2500
2000
1500
1000
Solar MW Capacity (Short term) Solar MW Capacity (Long term)
500
0
Figure 74. Short-Long Term Projects by Province in China (MW) Qinghai because of its natural resources, geographical location and availability of surface should be the best province to install Solar Thermal electricity projects. Two parabolic trough projects are already approved in Delingha (also financed by ADB) and Golmud and four projects are in a planning situation of which one of them is power tower. Shaanxi and Sichuan are going to develop one project each of 50 and 100 MW installed capacity respectively both of them parabolic trough. In Shandong Himin is constructing a Fresnel 2.5 MW project in the roof of their headquarters. In Tibet two projects have been planned, one dish (cancelled because the developer entered into bankruptcy) and one parabolic trough. Finally Xinjiang have planned 4 projects of which one loop of 180 KW should be in connection to the grid (although the steam temperature canâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t reach high temperature so there are problems in the connection to the grid). These two locations are also rich in resources and would be suitable once the grid connections are developed in China since their major problems are the long distance to the Eastern Consumption areas. Long terms projects are just an estimation given by the companies in different provinces of China, where Gansu and Qinghai should be the two best locations for developing commercial projects in China in the next years.
Prepared by Cayetano HernĂĄndez Lluna
Page 239
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
7.
GRID CONNECTION PROBLEMS
7.1.
INTRODUCTION TO THE CHINESE GRID
China’s State Council approved the plan for structural reform of the power industry in April 2002 (Reform Policy).
Figure 75. China Grid Map The main tasks identified in the Reform Policy include:
Separation of plant and grid;
Restructuring of power regulatory bodies and establishment of the State Electricity Reform Commission (SERC);
Establishment of a competitive electricity market;
Implementation of power tariff reform;
Formulation of environmental cost standards and surcharges for emissions; and
Formulation of a pilot program where generators directly supply power to large subscribers.
Before the Reform Policy period, the State Power Corporation (SPC) controlled 46% of China’s electricity generation and 90% of China’s grid operations, and all provincial and autonomous region power companies were affiliates of the SPC, with exception of the Guangdong Power Group, the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Group, and Hainan Province Power. After the reform, the SPC was broken into 3 parts, which consisted of:
Page 240
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
1. Power generation assets 2. Grid assets and 3. Service companies. The SPC’s power generation assets were restructured into the following power generating companies, each of which is limited to no more than 20% of the generating capacity in each regional network: 1. China Huaneng Group 2. China Datong Generation Group 3. China Huadian Group, 4. China National Power Group 5. China Power Investment Group, and 6. North China Power Group. Each of these generating companies has one or more China or Hong Kong listed companies. However, these companies are ultimately controlled by the state. As a result of the separation of plant and grid under the Reform Policy, the SPC’s (State Power Corporation) grid assets were restructured into the two state-owned power grid companies (Figure 76): 1. State Grid Corporation of China (SGCC), and the 2. China Southern Power Grid Company Limited (CSG)
Figure 76. China Grid Companies. Source: State Grid Corp. of China
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 241
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
SGCC have the headquarters in Beijing and is the largest state owned electric power transmission and distribution company in China, controlling 80 per cent of China´s transmission and distribution, as well as the largest operator in the world. SGCCâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s power network operation covers 26 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities with subsidiaries of North China, East China, Central China, Northeast China and Northwest China (Figure 77) and covers most north and central China: 1. North China Power Grid Company 2. Northeast Power Grid Company 3. East China Power Grid Company 4. Central China Power Grid Company and the 5. Northwest Power Grid Company.
Figure 77. Power Grid Companies in China
Page 242
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
In contrast, the Southern Power Grid Company’s scope covers south and south western China. CSG is the second large state-owned enterprise in China. Its distribution covers China's five southern provinces including Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Guizhou and Hainan (Figure 78). CSG is headquartered in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province.
Figure 78. Map of Chinese Grid Companies with separated Southern provinces Provinces of Chinese Southern Grid Company (as colored in green in Figure 78): 1. Yunnan 2. Guizhou 3. Guangxi 4. Guangdong and 5. Hainan provinces.
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 243
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
7.2.
CONNECTION POLICIES
As an example, a PV station requirement for Small photovoltaic power station: the photovoltaic access for 0.4 kV voltage level low voltage power grid (The installed capacity, in general, is not more than 200000 peak watts); medium photovoltaic power station: the photovoltaic power stations that access to 10 to 35 kV power grid; large photovoltaic power station access to 66 kV and above voltage level grid. A compulsory grid connection mechanism first appeared in China in the early 1990s, when wind power was first adopted in China. Wind energy benefited directly from the â&#x20AC;&#x153;Regulation on wind farm grid connection managementâ&#x20AC;?, developed by the former Ministry of Electricity, which offered a favourable grid connection tariff for wind power. The incremental cost was borne by the power generators, which at that time were all stateowned. As a direct result of this regulation, the wind generation sector experienced rapid growth between 1995 and 1997. During that period, the power sector, which was made of corporations and government authorities, was able to transfer the high cost of wind power to the public. Although not economically viable, the government power sector was active in developing wind power because it brought environmental and social benefits. The government then focused its attention on developing clean energy through power sector reform, including providing for renewable energy grid connection. In 1998, the Ministry of Electricity was dismantled and the State Power Corporation was established. The main purpose behind the power sector reform was to break the power sector monopoly and create competition within the power market via the separation of power generators and utilities. The Renewable Energy Law provides for the compulsory connection of renewable energy generators to the grid, and a regulation has been enacted to give effect to this. The regulation deals with general rules governing grid connection, project management requirements, utility company responsibilities and generator responsibilities. The regulation covers hydropower, wind power, biomass, solar power generation, geothermal power generation, and ocean energy. It emphasises that penalties will be imposed for violations. There are two elements to the compulsory grid connection system in the Renewable Energy Law: 1. All energy generated from renewable sources must be purchased; and 2. Utilities must provide grid-connection services (including constructing grid connections) and related technical support. The Renewable Energy Law requires a power-grid enterprise to purchase all electricity generated from those renewable energy producers who are connected to that grid. Moreover, in areas not covered by a power grid, the Government will fund the construction of independent renewable energy electricity generation systems to provide electricity locally.
Page 244
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
In order to connect to Chinaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s national power grid, which is managed by the State Grid Company, a power generating company must consult with State Grid Company and/or its local or provincial designates, before the power generating company can obtain the required approvals from relevant governmental authorities. The power generating company must engage a qualified designer to design its system for connecting to the power grid. The basic requirements set by the State Grid Company for a power generating company to be able connect to the power grid include: 1. Complying with the national electricity development plan and grid overall plan; 2. Having a clear electricity consumption direction or scope; and 3. Obtaining approval on its connection system design. In 2005 the installed capacity and Energy Production within all the Power Grid Companies in China were as it is shown in Figure 79. Moreover the yellow arrows explained the different connection between these subsidiaries:
Figure 79. Map of Installed capacity and Energy Production in China in 2005. During 12th FYP solar thermal power generation will have the design ability to build a 100 MW solar thermal power plant, as well as the supply ability to complete sets of equipment. The installed cost of thermal power plant without heat storage units is 16000 RMB/kW, and the installed cost of thermal power plant with eight hours heat storage units is 22000 RMB/kW. The electricity price connected to the grid will under 0.9 RMB/kWh.
Prepared by Cayetano HernĂĄndez Lluna
Page 245
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
7.3.
GRID EVOLUTION
7.3.1.
Grid History
China's power industry experienced hardships since 1882, born in Shanghai, and it has developed for 67 years slowly. From 1949, the installed generating capacity and generating capacity were only 1.85 million kW and 4.3 billion kWh respectively with a rank of world of 21st and 25th. After 1949, China power industry has developed rapidly. In 1978, installed generating capacity was up to 57.12 million kW and generating electricity around 256.6 billion kWh, to be the eighth and the seventh respectively in the world. After the reform and opening, the power industry system has constantly reformed and the electric industry has developed quickly with the different methods of paying electricity, reasonable use of the foreign investment, multi-channel investments, variety of electricity prices, encouraging competition and other effective policies. In the development scale of construction speed and technology level, China has broken records continuously. The Chinese installed capacity has been higher than France, Britain, Canada, Germany, Russia and Japan, since 1996 where China has firmly held the world second place. Having a look at the evolution of the Grid in China shows in 2005 an isolation of the western provinces Xinjiang and Tibet and a grid compound by 220kv, 330kv and 500kv:
Figure 80. Chinese Power Network in 2005
Page 246
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
7.3.2.
July, 2012
Current and Future situation of Ultra High Voltage
Currently the Grid Network of 500 kV constructed in not enough to meet the demands for high capacity and long distance power transmission. Even though lack of access to grid infrastructure in remote areas is avoiding wind power for contributing to China’s Energy Mix. The UHV Grid will reduce the energy losses in the electricity transport as well as an improvement in capacity. China is very interested in the deployment of UHV grid since the consumption centres are far away from the production ones. The advantages of this technology are that allows high power, longer distances, and lower losses and gives stability to the system. In January 2008, power blackouts were recorded in 17 provinces in China, the weather in many provinces in China is tough, especially during the winter which brings long periods of cold with temperatures lower than minus 30oC and snowy and icy weather.
Figure 81. Coal Resources in China Besides, heavy snow can block the transport of coal (which produces 80% of China´s electricity) by rail from the west to the east. In recent years, droughts have frequently hit the hydro-rich southern region of China, while the generation of hydro‐electricity was significantly reduced. Therefore the two main sources of generating electricity in the country could suddenly be reduced so some solutions must be taken in order to maintain the supply of electricity and to make this happen, an Ultra High Voltage Grid has to be constructed.
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 247
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
As it is shown in figure above the coal resources (in green circles is concentrated around three quarters of the total resources of national coal) located mainly in the regions of Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi and Xinjiang are far (from 800km to 3000km) from the main consumption areas (yellow circles concentrate around 70% of energy consumption) placed mostly in Beijing, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Jiangsu and Guandong which only have 5 % of the resources so apart from the expensive transport from the rich coal provinces hold more than half of the rail traffic capacity. Moreover in 2010 the Total Electricity Consumption in China exceeded 4000 TWh, with around 900.000 km length of middle and high voltage and almost 1 million MW of installed capacity. In this situation where the consumption per capita was only 3100 kwh and is going to be increased, leads to a need of new solutions on the transport of electricity. The current situation is that some actions have been taken to solve these problems since State Grid Corporation of Chinaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s SGCC is speeding up smart grid construction, especially Ultra High Voltage (UHV) projects. Some examples: 1. The Huainan-Shanghai UHV AC (Alternating Current) project started the invitation to tender in the first quarter of 2012. 2. The Hami-Zhengzhou Âą800 UHV DC (Direct Current) project has received permission to deploy from the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC). 3. The Ningdong-Zhejiang UHV DC project has received approval by the National Energy Administration (NEA) for preliminary work.
Figure 82. National Grid 2010 Plan. Source State Grid
Page 248
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
According to the 12th FYP after the next five years, a Grid will be start constructing to connect North, East and Central China giving shape to a Grid system transport of three vertical axes and three horizontal axes. The vertical axis, North-South direction will connect the biggest production areas of coal and wind of Inner Mongolia, Shanxi and Shaanxi to the North Central and East of the Country. In terms of CSP the first bid project of Erdos could have also the possibility of connection.
Figure 83. Schematic Network. Source State Grid In the meanwhile, the horizontal axis, west-east will carry the Hydraulic Energy from South West to the most developed areas of and with more demand in the coastal metropolis and also the epicentre industrial central area of the country which include mostly the provinces of Liaoning, Shandong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guandong, Hunan and Hubei. The aim of the 12th FYP is to reduce the percentage of electricity produced by coal with a decreasing rate of around 5 percent per year and replace this electricity by clean energies, especially by hydropower. Also for supplying electricity for this epicentre industrial area a nuclear plan was in progress, which has been relented because of the Fukushima accident in Japan. In a second long term stage for 2020 the Ultra High Voltage Grid will be extended to the Northeast and Northwest, this two regions very rich in terms of natural resources. For CSP the provinces of Qinghai and Xinjiang could be connected in this stage.
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 249
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
As it has been advanced, the Future the State Grid map of China expected by the State Grid for 2020 after the construction of Ultra High Voltage Grid, both UHVAC and UHVDC will be:
Figure 84. Chinese Grid Plan in 2020. Source State Grid The expected capacity of the UHV Grid by 2020 will be more than 200 GW UHAC corridors will connect and interconnect North, East and Central Grids and at the same time a Grid of UHVDC will be deployed. Some of the projects are, in Tibet is located Motou and Yarlung Tangpo Hidropower Project, in central China Jinping (Yalong River), Upper Yangtze River and Xiloudu (Upper Yangtze River) Hydropower Project.
Page 250
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
The future situation shows that in the next decade projects of ultra-high voltage both in direct current and alternative current are going to be developed. A powerful high voltage grid will cover the coal locations in the North. Ultra High Voltage Direct current lines will transport energy from thermal origin from northwest and hydraulic origin from south for supply Consumption centres all around the Central North and East of the Country which will be the essential part of the China Grid and the base for all tension systems.
Figure 85. Concept of UHV Transmission Network. Source: SGCC, TS. The SGCCâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s strategy is to link together the North China Grid, Central China Grid and East China Grid as power base of all the connection in the country with the deployment of a UHV AC network to strengthen regional connectivity. These then will be connected individually with the large bases for coal production, wind power, nuclear power and hydropower through UHV AC or DC lines depending on the distances involved. UHV technologies, transmitting electricity at 1000 kV AC voltages and 800 kV DC voltages, could increase transmission capacity and distance by two to five times compared with 500 kV lines, while massively reducing electricity loss and the overall land surface occupied. This system design is aimed at optimizing energy resource allocation and redistributing electricity supply to power-deficient regions with more flexibility. After having a macro impression of the Ultra High Voltage General Grid it will be important to analyse the different projects separately in UHV-AC, UHV-DC, Smart Grid and Rural Areas.
Prepared by Cayetano HernĂĄndez Lluna
Page 251
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
7.3.2.1. Ultra High Voltage Grid Alternate Current (UHV-AC) The technical debate has been resolved in favour of the plan by the State Grid Corporation of China (SGCC) to build ultra-high voltage alternating current (UHV AC) transmission lines to link energy-generating bases in the west of China with heavy power users in the east of the country. The SGCC believes that this system will transfer electricity over long distances with less wastage than other systems and will offer more flexibility in serving different regions. Its approach was challenged by experts outside the company looking for cost effectiveness and technical feasibility; they noted that a UHV AC network has not been successfully operated anywhere else in the world and pointed to the danger of unstable power supply. China has its own technology in electricity UHV transport. On January 2009 China constructed its first line of 1000 kV of alternating current, Jindongnan-Nanyang-Jingmen, with 640 kilometers long, covering provinces of Shanxi, Henan and Hubei (see Figure grey line) and crossing over yellow river. This line transported close to 12 thousand billion KWh of electricity in 2010. More than seven billion kwh of thermal power generated in Shanxi were transported to Central China Grid during the dry season and around 5 billion kwh of hydropower were sent to North China Grid during flood season.
Figure 86. Map of Chinese UHV AC Source. State Grid Also the project Huainan-Shanghai UHV AC (Alternating Current) project started the invitation to tender in the first quarter of 2012.
Page 252
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
7.3.2.2. Ultra High Voltage Grid Direct Current (UHV-DC) A circuit of UHV DC is able to transport 6 million Kv of electricity which means it is equal to five or six times the capacity of a circuit of 500 kV. Also a very important advantage is a better efficient transport at long distances. The long-distance transmission system of the Yunnanâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;Guangdong DC Transmission Project transmits 5,000 MW from the Chuxiong substation in Yunnan to the load center of the Pearl River delta in Guangdong. The contract was awarded in June 2007. Commercial operation of the first 800 kV pole started in December 2009, the complete bipole is in operation since June 2010.
Figure 87. Map of UHV DC Chinese Grid connection. Source SGCC, CSG and TS In July 2010 started the DC demonstration project of 800 kV direct current from Xiangjiaba (Sichuan) to Shanghai (in green line in Figure 87), with 1,907 meters long. This line is the one with highest tension, longest longitude and most capacity (6400 MW) currently developed in the world. The project, which is now in operation, completed transmission of more than 6 billion KWh of hydropower by the end of 2010.
Prepared by Cayetano HernĂĄndez Lluna
Page 253
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
In 2011 Some other projects like the Hami-Zhengzhou and Nuozhadu (Yunan)-Guandong (CSPG awarded Siemens the contract for key components ) Âą800 UHV DC (Direct Current) project has received permission to deploy from the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) and the construction is going to start in 2012. Nuozhadu-Guangdong will have a transmission capacity of 5000 MW and provide electricity to the megacities in the Guangdong region. The transmission distance of this project is 1451 kilometers Also the Ningdong (Ningxia) Shaoxing (Zhejiang) UHV DC project has received approval by the National Energy Administration (NEA) for preliminary work. The equipment procurement of the Jinping-Sunan line has finished and construction is in progress. The development of the UHV DC network is moving faster than the UHV AC, since DC is more mature. Only five months have been needed to get the approval of the government for the Xiangjiaba (Sichuan) to Shanghai line since 20 months for the Jincheng-Jingzhou 1000 Kv line were needed. The State Grid has stated that local manufacturers will be favored in the UHV equipment. The domestic ratio of grid equipment should not be less than three quarters of the supply. Nevertheless some of the components of the equipment for the Xiangjiaba (Sichuan) to Shanghai line has been made in China although the Swedish company ABB is in charge of the of the overall system design and supply also some components.
7.3.3.
Rural Grid
The Chinese Government is very concerned about the transformation and upgrade of the rural power grids and because of that some projects have been planned. The State council pointed out that reliable power distribution infrastructure is critical to ensure adequate power supply for operating irrigation facilities, food processing machinery and seafood breeding equipment, processes which are important to the development of the agriculture sector and the improvement of rural livelihoods The power grid upgrade projects for rural area this year is at a crucial stage. Based on the previous deployment from NDRC, the State Grid investment of 48.84 billion Yuan (7.74 billion US$) for rural grid upgrading works will be ended by 2012. The problem of 96,000 households with a population of 400,000 without electricity will be solved after the upgrade is completed. Therefore, the rural power grid-upgrading task in 2012 would be exceptionally heavy.
Page 254
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
7.3.4.
July, 2012
Smart Grid
The development of the smart grid is also very important to achieve the aims of the 12th FYP where 15 percent of the primary energy consumption has to be provided by non-fossil fuels in order to reduce the carbon emissions. The smart grid will play a very important role in the development of the electricity industry within the country. This grid is based on a digital bidirectional technology, which allows the transport of electricity from supply to consumption depend on the needs. Therefore the efficient in transport will be improved as well it will benefit the environment because of the savings of energy that can be achieved. Also the smart grid will be necessary to manage the backbone of the UHV transmission network and equipped with a communication system able to deliver real time information on power supply and consumption. For the future, China has developed a three-stage smart grid plan gradual deployment; China’s smart grid construction investment will enter into a large-scale phase in 2012.
Stages
Stage 1 (2009-2012)
Title
Planning and trial phase
Stage 2
Full scale construction
(2011-2015)
phase
Stage 3
Leading and enhancing
(2016-2020)
phase
Target
Establish master plan, carry out key technology research and key equipment development, and proceed with demonstration projects Formulate standards and requirements for strong and smart grid, to evaluate construction progress based on the needs and technical development of smart grid and construct smart grid in full scale Evaluate contraction of smart grid in full range
Table 144. China’s Three Stage Smart Grid Plan. Source: State Grid Corp. of China Until 2011 eight substations adapted to smart gird have been constructed in regions like Beijing, Shanghai and Chongqin. Also in 2011, the State Grid Company deployed more than 50 million smart meters and plan to finish 37 million smart meters during 2012, so it will be a reduction compared to 2011. Regarding these smart gird substations, a major investment is required as it involves investments in research and development, the utilization of high-end technologies and a lot of equipment. In the first two phases 74 pilot smart substations have been projected and have completed the bidding process and in 2012 20 smart substations are already in operation.
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 255
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
According to the State Grid the development of the Smart Grid is not only the construction of this line and substations but also integrate in all the stages during the transport energy process since the generation, transmission, distribution and dispatching until the final consumption in the households.
Stages
Steps in Energy
Core technologies to master
Technologies to connect 1
Generation
intermittent alternative energy sources and Power storage devices UHV transmission and Flexible transmission systems,
2
Transmission
including series compensation, switched virtual circuits (SVC) and DC converter valves Substation digitalization and
3
Substation
Real-time online monitoring system Loss-reducing amorphous metal distribution transformers and Distribution automation
4
Distribution
systems, including supervisory control and data acquisition and demand side management Communication platforms for
5
Dispatching
power supply and demand information and Intelligent dispatching decision Charging infrastructure for
6
Consumption
electric vehicles and Smart meters to collect demand information
Table 145. Steps of Smart Grid in each Energy stage. Source SGCC.
Page 256
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
The plan investment of both State Grid Company and Southern Power Grid is specified by subsidy company first and then by Province during 2012.
Table 146. List of Chinese Provinces Smart Grid Construction Investment In 2012 Source State Grid Corp. of China Although many investments are not decided yet, the total investment planned approved is more than 80 billion Yuan’s with the highest investments concentrated along the North and East China Grid with more than 30 billion Yuan and around 20 billion respectively. In second place the areas of Central and Northwest China with similar investments around 10 billion Yuan’s and finally Northeast and Southern with investments over five billion Yuan’s.
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 257
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
7.3.5.
Investments
UHV development is of first and foremost priority in the 12th Five-Year Plan (FYP) periodâ&#x20AC;?. He announced that more than Rmb500 billion (76 billion US dollars) would be invested from 2011 to 2015 in building seven UHV AC transmission lines and nine less expensive (but also less flexible) lines using the more stable back-to-back direct current (DC) technology. This is a massive increase from the Rmb20 billion (3 billion US dollars) spent in total on UHV lines between 2006 and 2010. In addition, the investment plan for the 12th FYP includes building a smart grid, which will utilize digital technology for two-way communications between power suppliers and consumers, and upgrading rural grids. Both areas have support at the highest policymaking level. Most of the investments will go to two main fields: 1. Power transmission construction (including Ultra High Voltage projects) with an average annual spending to be about Rmb200 billion (30 billion US dollars) and 2. Power grid upgrading in rural areas smart grid and Rmb100 billion (15 billion US dollars) on rural grids.
Figure 88. Grid Investments. Source CEC Chinaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s investment in 2011 has decreased to 341 billion RMB (49 billion US dollars), compared to the previous year, according to China Electricity Council (CEC). The expenses for 2011 at the start of the program will increase previous year with 367 billion RMB (US$52.4 billion), of which 293 billion RMB (US$41.8 billion) will be supplied by the SGCC and 74 billion RMB (US$11 billion) by China Southern Grid (CSG). According to CEC forecast, it will amount to 2.5 trillion RMB (US$364 billion) in the new FYP period, averaging 510 billion RMB (73 billion US dollars) every year.
Page 258
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
7.4.
GRID CONNECTION PROBLEMS
7.4.1.
Law Problems
July, 2012
The problem declared in the twelfth five years planning in solar energy, both PV and CSP, is that to realize the solar energy’s transformation from supplement energy to main source of energy, the cost must be reduced, and therefore it needs to rely on technology progress and the large scale of the application. At present, the problems and needs of solar industry and market in China exists mainly in the following six aspects, as 12th FYP says: 1. The solar silicon and key supporting materials; 2. The sun battery; 3. Production equipment; 4. Photovoltaic system; 5. The solar energy light heat utilization; 6. Test and platform.
7.4.2.
Technology Problems
The development of Renewable Energies has been very fast, especially Wind and Photovoltaic so it has become the main problem in terms of Grid connection, since some projects had to wait several months before being connected to the National Grid. Also the difficulty to transmit the power from western to eastern since there are long transmission distances from 2000 km to 4000km (depend on the location of the plant) leads to substantial energy wastage. Many wind farms operators complained of wasting wind power. At the same time, the state power grid also says, because of wind and solar power is random, intermittent, the output change quickly, if units do not have ability to adjust active power in the area where water, oil, gas source is lack, only use thermal power unit which have a slower speed on adjusting the active power, it’s hard to adapt to the rapid changes. Therefore, it can't guarantee grid frequency stability. Although there has been a big investment, the National Grid requires a better development if Chinese Government expect to integrate Renewable Energy Projects nowadays and for the future. Moreover the plans are very interesting but according to statistics from CWEA and CEC, approximately 30% of the wind-installed capacity in China is not connected to the Grid.
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 259
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
At present, China is at a stage of rapid development of industrialization and urbanization. China's electricity demand is expected to continue to grow rapidly at a rate of 8.5 percent annually over the next two years. Mostly in the State Grid region a tight power supply will occur again in 2012 due to increasing demand (which will increase continuously until reaching average consumption) and growth in new power plants. The maximum load of the State Grid region is expected to reach 635 million kilowatts and the power shortage during the summer peak period will reach 49 million kilowatts. The maximum shortages from North China, East China and Central China Power Grid respectively are 10 million, 25 million and 14 million kilowatts. Jiangsu Province and Zhejiang Province account for 17% of the maximum load with shortages of 13.4 million and 9.3 million kilowatts. China Southern Power Grid (CSG) also revealed that the whole power network in its region will continue shortages throughout the year due to flood season and insufficient generating capacity. The maximum shortage is between 8 million to 14 million kilowatts during the summer peak period, which has lead that in some regions the households have to do a controlled consumption. The biggest shortage is at Guangdong Province, the most populated province with around 100 million people inhabitants and where many factories are located. Apart from the logistic advanced that a UHV Grid will take to the country another important motivation for SGCC to deploy UHV is to develop this new technology, becoming a worldwide leader in this sector and the industrial revolution that could create the construction of this Grid since many new Chinese companies could enter, like for instance UHV, smart grid or distribution network equipment and also the amount of new jobs positions for the construction of the Grid. After this experience the country succeeds in the operation of both UHV AC and DC lines at full capacity could take the profit not only of lessons learned by developing this projects but also by exporting their manufacturing products, engineering companies, construction companies,â&#x20AC;Ś to other markets. In fact the State Grid Company has already deployed some distributions network projects in Philippines and Brazil. Nevertheless being this technology leader will involve also a high risk since there are not foreign experiences available in other foreign countries to build this network so there very big investments in research and development will be needed.
Page 260
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
7.4.3.
July, 2012
Cost Problems
Industry experts in the Chinese CSP market pointed out, solar-thermal power generation unit investment is difficult to promote, if its cost is 50,000 RMB of/KW and above. If the cost can drop to 30,000 RMB/KW, the market began to appear. If dropping again to 15,000 RMB/KW, the market will be very big. Then to 10,000 RMB/KW, the market could be immeasurable. At present, the solar-thermal power generation is still in its initial and conceived stage. Government policy and support is indispensable, especially in the two aspects of electricity price and connection that should be given more support. The strategy of placing some of the projects in isolated areas were the renewable resources are good have created imbalance and the Grid is not able to transmit all the generated electricity, since the interconnection of provincial grids is not very good.
Figure 89. Regional Grids Interconnection in 2010 Due to a lack of incentives, Chinese Grid Companies have been reluctant to accept large amounts of wind or photovoltaic power into their systems even though the Renewable Energy Law says that the energy coming from renewable energy sources have priority. It is important to highlight that some renewable energies like wind and photovoltaic have had some grid problems mainly because of the supply instability and thus some doubts has arisen for encouraging some renewable energies like wind or PV. However, CSP plants are welcome because can work like conventional plants generating a more a stable amount of energy to the grid.
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 261
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
7.5.
POSSIBLE FUTURE IN ASIA
A year after the nuclear disaster in Fukushima, the DESERTEC Foundation and the Japan Renewable Energy Foundation (JREF) signed a MoU to exchange knowledge and know-how, and coordinate work to develop suitable framework conditions for the deployment of renewable energies and to establish transnational cooperation in Greater East Asia.
Figure 90. Asia Grid connections The aim is to accelerate the deployment of renewable energy in Asia to provide secure and sustainable alternatives to fossil and nuclear energies. The Asia Super Grid Initiative to facilitate an electricity system based fully on renewable energy and the DESERTEC Concept in Greater East Asia has already conducted a feasibility study on potential grid corridors to make best use of the regionâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s desert sun.
Figure 91. Possible future connections. Source Desertec
Page 262
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
8. 8.1.
July, 2012
OUTLOOK FOR 2012 AND BEYOND TECHNOLOGY ROADMAP IN CHINA BY IEECAS
The technology road map is divided in four technologies. The tendency while we move forward the different technologies from first to fourth is to continue improve the efficiency with the goal of 35% in the fourth technology of CSP by increase the temperature from 230 ยบC to 1100 ยบC and change the fluids to transmit the heat. 2nd
Parameter
1st Technology
Efficiency (%)
12
Temperature (ยบ C)
230-430
Medium
Water/oil
2006-2010
1 Mwepilot
0.1 Mwt
5 Mwepilot
1 Mwepilot
2011-2015 2016-2020 2021-2025 2026-2030
100 Mwedemo 100-1000 Mwepromotion
3rd Technology
4th Technology
20
30
35
375-530
650-950
800-1100
Air
Solid
1 Mwtbasic
0.02 Mwtconcept
5 Mwtpilot
1 Mwtbasic
1 Mwepilot
10 Mwtpilot
5 Mwedemo
1 Mwepilot
Technology
Molten salt/ ionic liquid 5
Mwepilot 10 Mwedemo 100 Mwepromotion
100 Mwepromotion
10 Mweenlarge
Table 147. Roadmap of CSP in China. Source IEECAS The first technology is oil, with temperatures from 230oC to 430oC. The second technology, molten salt, which can increase output temperatures from 375oC to even more than 500oC. In the next step we find air which could reach temperatures from 650 to 950oC and finally solid which temperatures could go from 800 to 1100oC. The above chart shows the initial plans by IEECAS. Research if focus on materials (mirrors, storage, coating, etc.), high flux irradiation to heat (salt or supercritical steam), thermodynamic efficiency, system simulation and environmental impact.
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 263
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
In the Publication of ESTELA “Solar Thermal Electricity 2025” written by A.T. Kearney (Figure 92) with the collaboration of ESTELA the STE will be deployed in four big steps: 1. Pioneer phase 2. Commercial ramp-up 3. Major Technology improvement 4. Large scale deployment China at this moment is in the first stage in a pioneer phase with the deployment of CSP pilot projects and trying to reach in a next stage the commercial projects in the most suitable provinces (Gansu and Qinghai in first place). The current problem in the country is that the FIT that the China’s policy is issuing are close to 11 eurocents per kwh which are values of third stage an even far from Spanish market so that is one of the reasons why the market is not developing at the moment.
Figure 92. Source ESTELA and A.T. Kearney However in the rest of the world, mostly in Spain, United States and MENA, the Solar Thermal Electricity have reached the commercial ramp-up and for example in markets like Morocco, there is a PPA (Power purchase agreement) with an utility company of 14 cents Euro which means the sector is going in the right direction, even though nowadays there are less than 2 GW installed all over the world.
Page 264
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
8.2.
July, 2012
TECHNOLOGY ROADMAP IN CHINA BY INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATIONS
The situation of the World Market in terms of installed capacity in operation, under construction or promotion as estimated by ESTELA in their Position Paper is shown in Figure 93. Also there is an estimation of the installed capacity in all potential countries by 2050 in Figure 93, in which China would have 80 GW constructed and will play an important role in the global market (see red bar):
Figure 93. CSP Installed Capacity and Estimations in the World. Source ESTELA
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 265
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
Apart from the general analysis performed in point 2 of this document (Overview of Chinese Renewable Market) the International Energy Agency (IEA) show in Figure a double chart where: In the left vertical axis is placed the cost of energy per MWh with two scenarios of DNI (2000 and 2600kwh/m2/year) and in the right vertical axis the total energy production by country. In the horizontal axis the graphic (Figure 94) shows in a time scale the different scenarios until 2050 where China could produce around 500 Twh/year coming from CSP.
Figure 94. Decreasing cost and increasing production. Source IEA By 2050, with appropriate support, CSP could provide 11.3% of global electricity, with 9.6% from solar power and 1.7% from backup fuels (fossil fuels or biomass). This roadmap envisions North America as the largest producing and consuming region for CSP electricity, followed by Africa, India and the Middle East. Northern Africa has the potential to be a large exporter (mainly to Europe) as its high solar resource largely compensates for the additional cost of long transmission lines.
Page 266
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
Also IEA showed the repartition of the direct normal irradiance (DNI) in kWh/m2 /year all around the world, and over this irradiance map the production and consumption of CSP electricity (in TWh) by world region in 2050 in the most suitable places as foreseen in last roadmap. The Black arrows represent transfers of CSP electricity from sunniest regions or countries to large electricity demand centers.
Figure 95. Production and consumption of CSP electricity by 2050. Sources: Breyer & Knies, 2009 based on DNI data from DLR-ISIS and IEA Analysis.
Country
Consumption 2050 (Twh)
Production 2050(Twh)
North America
1358
1358
South America
325
325
EU and Turkey
699
12
Africa
494
959
Middle East
407
517
China
264
264
India
670
670
Table 148. Global CSP Market 2050 Estimation. Source IEA
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 267
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
Finally the forecast of IEA for the different stages in CSP each ten years after 2050 will be as in Figure 96 where the number of installed capacity of 60 GW have an approximation to the 80 GW estimate by ESTELA in the Figure 93:
Figure 96. Capacity, Generation and Consumption of CSP in the world. Source IEA
For Generation and Consumption of electricity coming from CSP, this estimation of IEA by 2050 shows 264 Twh.
Page 268
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
9.
CONCLUSIONS
a.
First of all it is interesting to highlight the importance of concentrating solar power for the future because
this way of producing energy has several advantages versus PV and other renewable energies, but especially two most remarkable: i.
CSP gives the possibility of generating quality clean energy with the possibility of storage, which could generate electricity not only during the day but also at the second peak of demand, stabilizing the grid with the balance between supply and demand.
ii. CSP provides the possibility of integration with coal, the main important source of energy in China and therefore the possibility of reducing carbon emissions in an easy way. b.
China has a very rich resource of solar radiation, the solar radiation of China land is 1.7 trillion ton of
standard coal which means a potential power generation about 42000 TWh/year, much more than current needs of 5000 TWh/year for power generation in 2011. In other words, the solar resource is 8 times more than the consumption and therefore 100% of the Electricity Demand could be supplied by Solar Thermal Electricity Plants. Nยบ
Province/Municipality/ Autonomous Region / Special Administrative Region
GW
TWh/yr
1
Gansu
455.00
1,142.00
2
Hebei
26.00
64.00
3
Heilongjiang
7.00
17.00
4
Inner Mongolia
6,059.00
15,170.00
5
Qinghai
2,751.00
7,100.00
6
Shaanxi
9.00
21.00
7
Shanxi
18.00
44.00
8
Sichuan
56.00
140.00
9
Xinjiang
5,040.00
13,300.00
10
Xizang (Tibet)
1,720.00
5,530.00
16,145.00
42,538.00
Total
Table 149. China Solar Energy Potential Among these ten provinces with potential resources, five are the best to develop big scale projects, which are shown in bold type in table (Gansu, Inner Mongolia, Qinghai, Xinjiang and Tibet). Also within these five provinces, it seems that the best two are Qinghai and Gansu, because of the mix of total solar resource and proximity to the consumption areas.
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 269
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
c.
In terms of legislation it is interesting to have a look at the solar power generation in the 12th Five-Year
Plan which is going to be developed in the next five years 2010-2015 energy policy. In addition, in the forthcoming Five-Year Plan on Renewable Energy Development, targeted installed capacity of solar thermal power in 2015 is 1 million KW (1GW) while that in 2020 is 3 million KW (3GW), which means China wants to play a role in the CSP market. According to the plan, in the next 5 years, regions with good light condition, wide land areas and adequate water resources will serve as small-scale pilot areas of solar thermal power projects to promote industry development to later extend to big-scale commercial projects. Nevertheless, the Government before really betting for this technology wants to: 1. Have a real CSP structure supply chain of Chinese companies; 2. See at least two CSP plants constructed and operating; one power tower plant and one parabolic trough to have an inside impression on how they work. d.
From the 4 different technologies in CSP (dish, Fresnel, power tower and parabolic trough) the tendency
of the market is to focus on Parabolic Trough technology since it is the most developed and tested all around the world, but also there is a big opportunity for Power Tower Technology, because of the better efficiency and better behave to tough temperatures.
Figure 97. Probably Future Technologies in China e.
A summary of all the projects in China, close to operation, under construction or planned will be shown in
table and also a map of their locations by technology:
Page 270
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 271
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
f.
July, 2012
Apart from all the projects, the real situation of the Chinese CSP market is starting. Today the
only real bid project was the 50 MW parabolic trough in Erdos, Inner Mongolia which is plan to be the first demonstration project in China. The developer will be China Datang Corporation Renewable Power Co. with a feed-in tariff of 0.94 RMB/KWh, 25 years of operation, a construction period of 30 months, and a proportion of gas less than 10% and with molten salt storage. There are also some pilot projects in course like the 1 MWe Dahan Tower plant located in the district of Beijing (Yanqing) at Badaling town (Tower 42 m height with 100*100 m2 of heliostats in property of IEECAS), 1MW Dish and Fresnel power plant in Sanya, Hainan and 180 Kw parabolic trough power plant in Xinjiang. Currently the concentrated solar power demonstration projects approved in China by the NDRC are five considered as under construction but in a very early stage. In terms of technology three of them are parabolic trough and two of them are unknown but with a high probability to be parabolic through. Two of them are financed by ADB (Asian Development Bank) the project of Gansu and the Delingha project in Qinghai both parabolic trough and probably the first, which are going to be deployed, also with Erdos project. The location of the plants has been studied according to the direct solar radiation and the geographical adaptation to the terrain conditions. All of them are placed in the provinces around North and NorthWest of China. Location
Developer
MW Capacity
Technology
1. Gansu, Jinta
China Huadian
50
Parabolic Trough
2. Inner Mongolia, Erdos
China Datang
50
Parabolic Trough
92.5 3. Ningxia
Parabolic Trough (ISCC
Hanasi
(where 40 MW
Project)
will be CSP) 4. Qinghai, Delingha
China Guangdong Nuclear
5.Qinghai,
China Power
Geermu/Golmud
Investment TOTAL
50 50-100
Parabolic Trough Parabolic Trough or Tower
342.5
Table 150. Approved Projects in China. g.
In terms of Research and Development, the Institute of reference is IEECAS (Institute of
Electrical Engineering and Chinese Academy of Science), which is coordinating the China subsidies on CSP in their offices and also in Badaling Plant where apart from the Power Tower Pilot project they are managing the first prototypes of the different technologies within CSP.
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 272
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
Nowadays, there are some test projects operating around 200kw, also some test parabolic trough loops at IEECAS laboratories. The next plant into operation is going to be the IEECAS plant in Badaling, Beijing with a power of 1MW. It is power tower and the first pilot project in China which should be extrapolate d to a next stage starting a commercialisation power tower project in other province in China with more potential resource (Qinghai for instance). h.
The main important developers in China in terms of CSP are divided in two groups, Big 5 and
other important developers: Nยบ
Big 5 developers
Other developers
Comments
1
China Huadian
China Guandong Nuclear
2
China Guodian
Hanas New Energy
3
China Datang
Inner Mongolia Lenon New Energy
4
5
China Power
Baoding Tianwei Group
In combination with other developers. Focus
Investment
on engineering and steel structured
Corporation
manufacturing.
China Huaneng
Shanghai Guodian
In combination with other developers. Focus on system design and consultancy.
Table 151. Project Developers in China. Utilities in China find two problems to develop CSP technology at the moment: 1. Low price making the plant difficult to profit 2. Lack of experience in EPC (Engineering, Procurement and Construction) in the deployment of CSP Plants and also in O&M (Operation and Maintenance). The total planned installed capacity in China in short and long term: Solar Installed Capacity (Short
Solar Installed Capacity (Long
term)
term)
TOTAL (MW)
1370.8
6099
TOTAL (GW)
1.37
6.1
Table 152. Total Installed Capacity Forecast in China Around 1.4 GW of CSP projects in short term are in preparation in PRC to be operating by the date of 2015 and around 6 GW of CSP projects are planning to turn into construction before 2020. i.
It looks like that China do not need a lot help in terms of manufacturing (as it has been shown in
the Solar Thermal Electricity Sector point), except technologic issues like molten salt receiver in power tower, System Integration and EPC.
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 273
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
A summary of some of the most important issues in a CSP Plant in China and its capacity in each of them at this moment:
ISSUE
CAPACITY China has a lot of experience since many aspects will be similar to
Power Block
conventional plants
Steel Structure
China has big capacity
Gear Box
China has big capacity
Mirrors
Some of the bigger manufacturers could create a new production line. Some local companies are doing in Steam Receiver. They need help
Receivers
with the molten salt receiver
System Integration
EPC
China needs help in system integration for the whole management of the plant in operation. China needs help since Chinese companies do not have experience in developing CSP Plants.
Table 153. Capacity of China Market. j.
In terms of Grid Connections, some other renewable energies have had some grid problems
mainly because of the supply instability and thus some doubts has arisen for encouraging some renewable energies like wind or PV. However, CSP plants are welcome because they can work like conventional plants generating a more stable amount of energy to the grid. For this reason, SGCC has a good impression of this kind of plants. A large investment would be needed to solve the large distance of some solar resource areas, big investments have been done and some HDVC grids have been constructing for the transmission from Western Areas of China due to the large distance.
Page 274
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
k.
July, 2012
There are huge opportunities in China, for instance:
Opportunity of developing Tower Technology in some of the cases instead of parabolic trough because of better efficiency, less water consumption and being less exposed to temperature changes.
Development of Hybrid Plants (ISCC-Integrated Solar Combined Cycle) with gas or coal which it could reduce the release of carbon emissions to the atmosphere.
Promotion of the deployment of CSP plants with storage because of the better adjustment between the supply and demand curve and a better optimisation of the plant.
Figure 98. Combination of storage and hybridization in a solar plant. Source: Dr. Michael Geyer, SolarPACES Annual Report, 2007.
Development of air or hybrid cooling systems to decrease the water consumption in the scarcity water areas of China.
l.
Deployment of New Ultra High Voltage Grid, both Alternate and Direct Current. Finally, there are also huge challenges in China regarding developing CSP and especially
parabolic trough like the areas of high latitude, were diurnal temperature range is big (Minus 30-40 at night). Also, the water shortage in North-Western Area, the continuous decline of PV price and the difficulty to transmit the power from western to eastern since there is long transmission distance from 2000 to 4000km leads to substantial energy wastage. So as time goes by, it will be seen if these challenges can be overcome.
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 275
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
10.
REFERENCES
Some of the references used: Chinese companies
http://www.himin.com/english/
http://en.huiyin-group.com/
http://www.e-cubetech.com/
http://www.hanas.com.cn/
http://www.rayspower.com/
http://www.chng.com.cn/eng/
http://eng.cpicorp.com.cn/
http://www.cgdc.com.cn/
http://events.cbichina.com/con/ccsp2011/index.html
http://en.chec.com.cn/
http://www.china-cdt.com/en/index.html
http://www.chd.com.cn/
http://www.chng.com.cn/eng/
http://www.cgnsedc.com.cn/n3814122/index.html
http://www.twnesolar.com/
http://www.cleanenergyexpochina.com/?gclid=CIq_ttH3va0CFcJgTAodo0F8_g
http://www.cspasia.org/
http://events.cbichina.com/con/accsps2012/index.html
http://www.bankofbeijing.com.cn/en2011/index.html
http://www.hzbank.com.cn/
Foreign Companies
http://www.abengoasolar.es/
http://www.solar-reserve.com/
http://www.ferrostaal.com/es/
http://www.3tier.com/en/
http://www.solarbuzz.com/
http://www.bakermckenzie.com/
http://www.kpmg.com/cn/en/Pages/default.aspx
http://sgtresearch.com/
Page 276
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
http://www.trustedsources.co.uk/
http://www.s2msolutions.com/about.php
July, 2012
Chinese Associations, Government Entities and Institutes
http://english.ieecas.cn/
http://en.chsel.com/
http://www.most.gov.cn/eng/
http://english.ieexa.cas.cn/
http://www.most.gov.cn/eng/index.htm
http://www.eri.org.cn/
http://english.mofcom.gov.cn/
http://en.ndrc.gov.cn/
http://en.nafste.org/index.php?option=com_content&module=22&sortid=0&artid=366
http://www.sgcc.com.cn/ywlm/index.shtml
http://www.gov.cn/ztzl/zb_gwy.htm
http://www.nea.gov.cn/
http://en.nafste.org/
http://english.cec.org.cn/
Foreign Associations, International Agencies and Institutes, Banks and others.
http://www.nrel.gov/
http://iea.org/
http://www.gwec.net/
http://www.evwind.es/
http://www.worldbank.org/
http://eeas.europa.eu/delegations/china/index_en.htm
http://www.adb.org/
http://www.irena.org/home/index.aspx?PriMenuID=12&mnu=Pri
http://es.wikipedia.org
http://www.helioscsp.com/
http://www.estelasolar.eu/
http://www.world-nuclear.org/info/inf63.html
http://www.cwea.org.cn/
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 277
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
ANNEXES ANNEXE 1. ACRONYMS ADB – Asian Development Bank BIPV– Building Integrated Photovoltaic BT– Business Tax CAPEX – Capital Expenditures CAS – Chinese academy of Sciences CDM – Clean development mechanism CEC – China electricity council CNY (RMB) – Chinese Yuan equal to Renminbi CGN – China Guangdong Nuclear Power Group CHEC – China Huadian Engineering Company CIT – Corporate Income Tax CNREC – China National Renewable Energy Centre CPC – Communist Party of China or Chinese Communist Party (CCP) CPPCC – People's Political Consultative Conference CSEP– China Sustainable Program CSP – Concentrating Solar Thermal CSP – Concentrating Solar Power CWEA– Chinese Wind Energy Association DLR – Germany's national research center for aeronautics and space DNI – Direct Normal Irradiation DOE – Department of Energy (US) DRC– Development and Reform Agencies or Bureaus EPBs – Environmental Protection Bureaus EPC – Engineering, Procurement and Construction EPCM – Engineering, Procurement, Construction and Management ERI – Energy Research Institute ESTELA – European Solar Thermal Electricity Association EWEA – European Wind Energy Association FIT – Feed In Tariff
Page 278
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
GDP – Gross Domestic Product GHI – Global Horizontal Insulation or Irradiation GW – Gigawatt GWEC– Global Wind Energy Council HNTE – High New Technology Enterprise HTF – Heat Transfer Fluid HVAC – High Voltage Alternating Current HVDC – High Voltage Direct Current IEA – International Energy Agency IEECAS – Institute of Electrical Engineering Chinese Academy of Science IRENA – International Renewable Energy Agency ISCCS – Integrated Solar Combined Cycle System ISO – International Standard Organization JSCBs – Joint stock commercial banks kWe – electric kilowatt kWh – kilowatt-hour kWt – thermal kilowatt LCOE – Leveraged cost of Electricity LF – Linear Fresnel reflector system MENA – Middle East and North Africa MOF – Ministry of Finance MOFCOM – Ministry of Commerce MOST – Ministry of Science and Technology MOU – Memorandum of understanding MTC – Manufacturing Tax Credit Mtoe – Million tonnes of oil equivalent MW – Megawatt MWe – Electric Megawatt MWh – Megawatt per Hour MWt – Thermal Megawatt
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 279
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
NASTE – National Alliance for Solar Thermal Energy NDRC – National Development and Reform Commission NEA – National Energy Administration NEC –National Energy Commission NPC– National People’s Congress NREL – National Renewable Energy Laboratory NWEPDI – Northwest Electric Power Design Institute OECD – Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development OPEX – Operational expenditure O&M – Operation and Management costs PPA – Power Purchase Agreement PPP – Power Purchase Price PRC – People's Republic of China PROTERMOSOLAR – Spanish association of thermo-electric industry PSA – Plataforma Solar de Almería PT – Parabolic Troughs PTC – Parabolic-trough collector PV – Photovoltaic R&D – Research and Development RE – Renewable Energy REC – Renewable Energy Certificate REN21 – Renewable Energy Policy network for 21st Century RMB (CNY) – Renminbi, equal to Yuan R&D – Research and Development
Page 280
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
SDPC – State Development and Planning Commission SEGS – Solar Energy Generating System SEIA – Solar Energy Industries Association SEPA – State Environmental Protection Administration SERC – State Electricity Regulatory Commission SETC – solar and environmental technologies corporation SETC – State Economic and Trade Commission SOCBs – State owned commercial banks SPC – State planning commission SPC – State Power Corporation STE – Solar Thermal Electricity TES – Thermal energy storage UHV– Ultra High voltage UHVAC – Ultra high voltage alternating current UHVDC – Ultra High voltage direct current WACC – Weighted Average Cost of Capital WEO – World Energy Outlook 2011 WREN – World Renewable Energy
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 281
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
ANNEXE 2. LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. CSP Value Chain ..............................................................................................................................7 Figure 2. GDP Map of China. Source Chinese local Government...................................................................9 Figure 3. Map of China provinces by density...............................................................................................11 Figure 4. Areas of China Provinces .............................................................................................................13 Figure 5. Map of Administrative Division in China ......................................................................................15 Figure 6. Area Distribution in China ............................................................................................................15 Figure 7. Percentage of Energy Consumption by non-fossil fuels 12th FYP..................................................18 Figure 8. Primary Energy Supply by International Energy Agency ..............................................................19 Figure 9. International Energy Agency (IEA) World Energy Outlook 2011 (WEO 2011)..............................20 Figure 10. Electricity Consumption. Source CEC and IEA 2010 ....................................................................21 Figure 11. Electricity Generation in 2009 (TWH) International Energy Agency (IEA) World Energy Outlook 2011 (WEO 2011). .......................................................................................................................................22 Figure 12. China Power Generation by Sector .............................................................................................22 Figure 13. International Energy Agency (IEA) World Energy Outlook 2011 (WEO 2011)............................23 Figure 14. Countries by carbon dioxide emissions. Source Energy Policy of China .....................................25 Figure 15. CO2 emission per capita/ per year/ per country. Source Energy Policy of China .......................25 Figure 16. Electricity Production mix for China. Source Chinese Academy of Science ................................26 Figure 17. Installed Capacity 2020 ..............................................................................................................27 Figure 18. Hydropower China Forecast .......................................................................................................29 Figure 19. Wind Power onshore China Forecast .........................................................................................30 Figure 20. Wind Power offshore China Forecast .........................................................................................30 Figure 21. Nuclear China Forecast...............................................................................................................31 Figure 22. Biomass China Forecast..............................................................................................................32 Figure 23. PV China Forecast .......................................................................................................................33 Figure 24. CSP China Forecast .....................................................................................................................33 Figure 25. Reduction of carbon dioxide emission distribution in China. Source Deutsche Bank analysis ...34 Figure 26. Hierarchy of laws in China ..........................................................................................................35 Figure 27. Hierarchy of laws in China detailed version ...............................................................................36 Figure 28. Hierarchy of programs in China in CSP .......................................................................................37 Figure 29. System of Spatial Policy in China ................................................................................................38 Figure 30. Flow diagram of Approval Stages in China. Own Elaboration ...................................................43 Figure 31. Local Government System ..........................................................................................................43 Figure 32. Environmental Approval Stages in China. Source CREIA ............................................................47 Figure 33. Government Action Plan Source by ADB ....................................................................................48 Figure 34. Map of FIT. Source NDRC ...........................................................................................................51 Figure 35. Source GWEC .............................................................................................................................52 Figure 36. Map of Distribution of Energy Capacity 2010. Source CWEA ....................................................52 Figure 37. Useful Resource in China ...........................................................................................................54 Figure 38. Useful Resource in China ...........................................................................................................54
Page 282
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
Figure 39. Map of Solar Resource in China. Source NREL............................................................................55 Figure 40. PV Projects Distribution Source Solarbuzz ..................................................................................56 Figure 41. Solar DNI Classes in China ..........................................................................................................58 Figure 42. Solar Global Horizontal Insulation by Class ................................................................................59 Figure 43. Land Slope by Class.....................................................................................................................60 Figure 44. Map of Land Use and Protected Areas .......................................................................................61 Figure 45. Potential Provincial Resources ...................................................................................................64 Figure 46. Solar Resource with slope <1% ...................................................................................................65 Figure 47. Solar Resource with slope <3% ...................................................................................................66 Figure 48. Solar Resource with slope <5% ...................................................................................................67 Figure 49. Global Concentrating Solar Power Markets ...............................................................................69 Figure 50. Expected Technology Markets in the World...............................................................................70 Figure 51. Expected LCOE reductions from 2012 to 2050. Source ESTELA ..................................................70 Figure 52. Source IEECAS .............................................................................................................................72 Figure 53. PT Prototypes Own Elaboration .................................................................................................74 Figure 54. Power Tower Heliostats. Source IEECAS .....................................................................................75 Figure 55. Dish Stirling Prototypes ..............................................................................................................76 Figure 56. Dish Strirling Prototypes .............................................................................................................77 Figure 57. Fresnel Prototypes ......................................................................................................................78 Figure 58. Dahan Power Plant Location. Source ADB .................................................................................79 Figure 59. Dahan Power Plant. Source ADB ................................................................................................79 Figure 60. Photos of Dahan Power Plant ....................................................................................................81 Figure 61. Photo of Dahan Power Plant ......................................................................................................81 Figure 62. Functional scheme of the parabolic trough plant with thermal storage ...................................82 Figure 63. Jinta Power Plant Location .........................................................................................................84 Figure 64. Golmud Power Plant Location ....................................................................................................85 Figure 65. Delingha Location plant .............................................................................................................86 Figure 66. Ningxia Power Plant Location ....................................................................................................87 Figure 67. CSP China Plant Locations ..........................................................................................................91 Figure 68. Pyramidal Structure of CSP Project. Source ADB ......................................................................124 Figure 69. China Grid Structure .................................................................................................................232 Figure 70. North China Grid Sketch ...........................................................................................................233 Figure 71. North China Grid Sketch ...........................................................................................................234 Figure 72. Central China Grid Sketch .........................................................................................................234 Figure 73. Land suitable for CSP in PRC Source UMME and ADB ..............................................................236 Figure 74. Short-Long Term Projects by Province in China (MW) .............................................................239 Figure 75. China Grid Map ........................................................................................................................240 Figure 76. China Grid Companies. Source: State Grid Corp. of China ........................................................241 Figure 77. Power Grid Companies in China ...............................................................................................242 Figure 78. Map of Chinese Grid Companies with separated Southern provinces .....................................243
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 283
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
Figure 79. Map of Installed capacity and Energy Production in China in 2005. ........................................245 Figure 80. Chinese Power Network in 2005...............................................................................................246 Figure 81. Coal Resources in China ............................................................................................................247 Figure 82. National Grid 2010 Plan. Source State Grid .............................................................................248 Figure 83. Schematic Network. Source State Grid.....................................................................................249 Figure 84. Chinese Grid Plan in 2020. Source State Grid ...........................................................................250 Figure 85. Concept of UHV Transmission Network. Source: SGCC, TS.......................................................251 Figure 86. Map of Chinese UHV AC Source. State Grid .............................................................................252 Figure 87. Map of UHV DC Chinese Grid connection. Source SGCC, CSG and TS.......................................253 Figure 88. Grid Investments. Source CEC...................................................................................................258 Figure 89. Regional Grids Interconnection in 2010 ...................................................................................261 Figure 90. Asia Grid connections ...............................................................................................................262 Figure 91. Possible future connections. Source Desertec ..........................................................................262 Figure 92. Source ESTELA and A.T. Kearney ..............................................................................................264 Figure 93. CSP Installed Capacity and Estimations in the World. Source ESTELA .....................................265 Figure 94. Decreasing cost and increasing production. Source IEA...........................................................266 Figure 95. Production and consumption of CSP electricity by 2050. Sources: Breyer & Knies, 2009 based on DNI data from DLR-ISIS and IEA Analysis. ............................................................................................267 Figure 96. Capacity, Generation and Consumption of CSP in the world. Source IEA ................................268 Figure 97. Probably Future Technologies in China ....................................................................................270 Figure 98. Combination of storage and hybridization in a solar plant. Source: Dr. Michael Geyer, SolarPACES Annual Report, 2007. .............................................................................................................275
Page 284
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
ANNEXE 3. LIST OF TABLES Table 1. GDP of Different provinces in China Table 3. Density Population in China Table 4. International Energy Agency (IEA) World Energy Outlook 2011 (WEO 2011). Table5. Electricity Generation in 2009 (TWH) International Energy Agency (IEA) World Energy Outlook 2011 (WEO 2011). Table 6. Installed Capacity International Energy Agency (IEA) World Energy Outlook 2011 (WEO 2011). Table 7. Carbon Emission Values in China. Source Energy Policy of China Table 8.Electicity Production in China in 2020. Figure Source ERI Table 9. Installed Capacity in China 2020. Source ERI Table 10. Non-Fossil Fuel Installed Capacity Estimation. Source NEA Table11. Hydropower Install Capacity in China Table 12. Hydropower Install Capacity in China Table 13- Nuclear Install Capacity in China Table 14. Biomass Install Capacity in China Table 15. Solar Energy Install Capacity Table 16. NREL and own elaboration Table 17. Foreign Investment Categories Table 18. Years of Grant depend on Land Use Table 19. Special PV Provincial Tariffs Source NDRC Table 20. Useful Resources in China. Source IEECAS Table 21. Own Elaboration. Source IEECAS Table 22. DNI 6.5 kwh/m2day Table 23. DNI 6.5 kwh/m2day Table 24. DNI 7 kwh/m2day Table 25. Total Potential of Solar Power and Energy by province Table 26. Installed Capacity Comparison with the main countries in CSP Table 27. Potential Generation of Solar Energy Table 28. Approved Projects in China. Source Intersolar Table 29. Parabolic Trough Prototypes Table 30. Dahan Power Plant Parameters Table 31. Dahan Power Plant Stakeholders Table 32. General Parameters of Future Demonstration Plants Table 33. Erdos Solar Plant Parameters Table 34. Companies’ bids Table 35. Golmud Project Location Parameters Table 36. Total Installed Capacity Forecast in China Table 37. Summary of projects Table 38. The central people’s government
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 285
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
Table 39. NDRC Table 40. National Energy Administration Table 41. CNREC Table 42. Ministry of Finance Table 43. Ministry of Science and Technology Table 44. Price Bureau Table 45. Tibet Government Table 46. Gansu Government Table 47. Inner Mongolia Government Table 48. Qinghai Government Table 49. Xinjiang Government Table 50. National Alliance for Solar Thermal Energy Table 51. Gansu Provincial CSP Innovation Strategy Alliance Table 52. Largest Banks Table 53. ICBC Table 54. Beijing Bank Table 55. Hangzhou Bank Table 56. China Development Bank Table 57. Asian Development Bank Table 58. The World Bank Table 59. Shenhua guohua energy investment co.ltd Table 59a. Heilongjiang ZhongJing new energy Co., LTD. Table 59b. Zhejiang Sanhua Co., Ltd, Table 60. IEE CAS Table 61. IET CAS Table 62.IMR CAS Table 63.Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Table 64. Changchun Ins. of Optics Fine Mechanical and Physics Table 65. Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Table 66. Tsinghua University Table 67.Wuhan University of Technology Table 68. Sun Yat-San University Table 69. Beijing University of Technology Table 70. Xiâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;an JiaoTong University Table 71. Beijing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics Table 72. Dongwan University of Technology Table 73. North China Electric Power University Table 74. China Datang Corporation Table 75. Datang Corporation Renewable Power Table 76. China Guodian Cooperation
Page 286
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
Table 77. Guodian New Energy Technology Research Institute Table 78. China Huadian Cooperation Table 79. China Huadian Engineering Co Table 80. Huadian New Energy Development Co., Ltd Table 81. China Huaneng Group Table 82. Huaneng Clean Energy Research Institute Table 83. Huaneng Renewables Corporation Limited Table 84. China Power Investment Cooperation Table 85. China Guangdong Nuclear Solar Energy Table 86. Lenon New Energy Table 87. Hanas New Energy Group Table 88.Shanghai Gongdian Table 89. Shanghai Gongdian Table 90. Tianwei (Chengdu) Solar Thermal Power Development Co., Ltd. Table 91. Tianjin Solar & Environmental Corp. Table 92. Beijing Control Industrial Computer Corp. Table 93. China Three Gorge Corporation Table 94. Guangdong Yudean Group Co.Ltd Table 95. CAMDA Table 96. Shandong Jinjing Technology Co., Ltd. Table 97. Lanzhou Blue Sky Float Co., Ltd. Table 98. Jiuquan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd. Table 99. Zhejiang Wanxiang Group Table 100. Xinjiang Baoan New Energy Mining Co., Ltd. Table 101. Weifang Changsheng Nitrate Co., Ltd. Table 102. Xiaxian Yunli Chemical Co., Ltd. Table 103. Zhejiang Daming Glass Co., Ltd. Table 104. Rayspower New Energy Co., Ltd. Table 105. Lanzhou Blue Sky Float Co., Ltd. Table 106. IEECAS Table 107. Himin Solar Energy Table 108. Beijing Sunda Solar Energy Technology Co., Ltd. Table 109. Huayuan New Energy Table 110. Linuo Solar Thermal Group Co., Ltd. Table 111. Sunrain New Energy Table 112. Huiyin Group Table 113. Lanzhou Dacheng Technology Co., Ltd. Table 114. Beijing Tianruixing Solar Thermal Technology Co. Ltd Table 115. Beijing Jingcheng Cailong Steel Structure Co., Ltd. Table 116. Jiangsu Henglida Machine Co., Ltd.
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 287
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
Table 117. Baotou Hydraulic Mechanical Plant Table 118. Beijing Tianyi Energy Technology Table 119. Zhejiang Supcon Solar Energy Table 120. Beijing Guodian Zhishen Control Technology Co., Ltd. Table 121. Nanjing Sciyon Automation Group Co., Ltd. Table 122. Changzhou Pressure Container Testing Ins. Table 123. Taihu Boiler Co., Ltd. Table 124. Changsha Boiler Co., Ltd. Table 125. Dongfang Electric Group Table 126. Shanghai Electric Group Table 127. Harbin Turbine Co., Ltd. Table 128. Hangzhou Steam Turbine Table 129. Nanjing Steam Turbine Co., Ltd. Table 130. Xi’an Aero-Engine PLC Table 131. CAMDA Table 132. Beijing Zhonghang General Equipment Co., Ltd. Table 133. Penglai Electric Power Equipment Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Table 134. Shanghai Gongdian Energy Technology Co., Ltd. Table 135. China Datang Corporation_Datang Gansu Power Generation Co., Ltd. Table 136. Guodian Xinjiang Power Co., Ltd. Table 137. China Guangdong Nuclear_China Nuclear Power Engineering Co., Ltd. Table 138. Huaneng Tibet Power Generation Co., Ltd Table 139.Huaneng Gansu Energy Development Co., Ltd Table 140. Huaneng Xinjiang Energy Development Co., Ltd Table 141. Huaneng Hainan Power Generation Co., Ltd Table 141a. China Huadian Engineering Co.,Ltd Table 141b. North China Power Engineering Co., Ltd (NCPE) Table 141c. Northwest Electric Power Design Institute (NWEPDI) Table 142. State Grid Company of China (SGCC) Table 143. China South Grid Company Table 144. Installed Capacity by Province and Projects Table 143. Total Installed Capacity by Province Table 144. China’s Three Stage Smart Grid Plan. Source: State Grid Corp. of China Table 145. Steps of Smart Grid in each Energy stage. Source SGCC Table 146. List of Chinese Provinces Smart Grid Construction Investment In 2012 Source State Grid Corp. of China Table 147. Roadmap of CSP in China. Source IEECAS Table 148. Global CSP Market 2050 Estimation. Source IEA Table 149. China Solar Energy Potential Table 150. Approved Projects in China.
Page 288
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
Table 151. Project Developers in China Table 152. Total Installed Capacity Forecast in China Table 153. Capacity of China Market.
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 289
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
ANNEXE 4. CSP EVENTS Since this Sector is relatively new in China there is not a reference yet for the most famous event but insiders think that Sanya event (organized by IEECAS) or the China summits in Beijing are getting strength to do a good networking in China. Some of the relevant Events on CSP during 2011 and 2012: 1. BEIJING a. China Concentrating Solar Power Summit Conference Date: December 5th-6th 2011 Venue Address: DoubleTree by Hilton Hotel Beijing 168 Guang An Men Wai Ave Xi Cheng, Beijing, China 100055 Fair Profile: Focusing on CSP solar market, initiating new era of Chinaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s solar thermal power market Frequency: Biannual Organizer: CBI Energy, a brand of CBI Group. Contact: Mr. Tony Huang Tel: 86 21 5155 0833 E-mail: tonyhuang@cbichina.com Website: http://events.cbichina.com/con/ccsp2011/index.html
Page 290
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
b. Intersolar-PV and CSP Conference Date: December 6th-68h 2011 Venue Address: Intercontinental Hotel, Beijing, China Fair Profile: Presentations focusing on regulatory frameworks of PV market, analysis on various technical developments and solar thermal power offer. So focused on PV but also with a section for CSP Frequency: Annual Organizer: Intersolar Contact: Solar Promotion International GmbH Kiehnlestr. 16 75172 Pforzheim, Germany Tel.: +49 7231 58598-0 Fax: +49 7231 58598-28 info@intersolarchina.com Freiburg Management and Marketing International GmbH Europaplatz 1 79108 Freiburg i. Br., Germany Tel.: +49 761 3881-3800 Fax: +49 761 3881-3014 intersolar_china@fwtm.freiburg.de MMI (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. 11th Floor, GC Tower, No. 1088 Yuan Shen Rd Pudong New Area, Shanghai 200122 Tel.: +86 21 2020-5503 Fax: +86 21 2020 5699 dong.yongfa@mmi-shanghai.com Website: http://www.intersolarchina.com/en/intersolar-china.html
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 291
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
c. Clean Energy Expo China Conference Date: February 23th-25th 2012 Venue Address: China National Convention Center Fair Profile: Clean Energy Expo China incorporates: Wind Power China www.windpowerexpochina.com Solar Thermal China www.solarthermalchina.com CIPV Expo China www.cipvexpochina.com eMobility China www.emobilitychina.com Bio-energy China www.cibeexpochina.com GridTec China www.gridtecchina.com Frequency: Annual Organizer: Koelnmesse Co., Ltd. Contact: TRADE FAIR Mr. Jean Ning Tel: +86 10 6590 7766 ext 760 Fax: +86 10 6590 6139 j.ning@koelnmesse.cn CONFERENCE Ms. Emma Shen Tel: +86 10 6590 7766 ext 739 Fax: +86 10 6590 6139 e.shen@koelnmesse.cn Website: http://www.solarthermalchina.com/ http://www.cleanenergyexpochina.com/?gclid=CIq_ttH3va0CFcJgTAodo0F8_g
Page 292
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
d. World CSP Asia Forum 2012 Conference Date: June 18th-21st 2012 Venue Address: Pullman Beijing West Wanda No. Jia 18 Shijingshan Road, Shijingshan District, 100040 BEIJING, CHINA Fair Profile: Expo focuses on the CSP market in Asia. Frequency: Annual Organizer: General Intelligence Corporation Contact: Raymond Zhang Organizing Committee of World CSP Asia Forum 2012 General Intelligence Corporation Hongnan Investment Building,No.939 Jinqiao Rd, 200136 China Tel :+86 21 61633586 Mob:+86 13916433522 Fax : +86 21 61633584 Email :raymond.zhang@giuniverse.com Website: www.cspasia.org
Prepared by Cayetano Hernรกndez Lluna
Page 293
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
e. 2nd Annual China Concentrating Solar Power Summit 2012 Conference Date: June 28th-29th 2012 Venue Address: Beijing Traders Upper East Hotel 2 Dongsihuan Beilu (NE 4th Ring Road), Chaoyang District, Beijing, China Fair Profile: Expo focus on the CSP market in China Frequency: Biannual Organizer: CBI-BIZ Contact: Mr. Sunny SUN Tel: +86 21 5155 1646 Fax: +86 21 5155 0988 Email: sunnysun@cbichina.com Website: http://events.cbichina.com/con/accsps2012/index.html
Page 294
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
2. SANYA a. Sanya International Solar Thermal Power Technology Forum Conference Date: June 28th-29th 2012 Venue Address: Beijing Traders Upper East Hotel 2 Dongsihuan Beilu (NE 4th Ring Road), Chaoyang District, Beijing, China Fair Profile: Expo focus on the CSP market in China Frequency: Biannual Organizer: IEECAS-Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Contact: Li Xing Tel：0086-13810430338 Fax：0086-10-6258-7946 E-mail: lixing2002@126.com Event: Tel: 010 -82547214 Fax: 010 -62587946 E-mail: systp2011@126.com Website: www.systp.com.cn
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 295
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
3. GUANGDONG a. BIT 2nd New Energy Forum 2012 Conference Date: October 19th-21st 2012 Venue Address: Guangzhou Baiyun International Convention Center, Fair Profile: Focus in all renewable Energies for low carbon emissions: Forum 1: Solar Energy (SE)http://www.bitcongress.com/nef2012/programme.asp - c1 Forum 2: Wind Energy (WE)http://www.bitcongress.com/nef2012/fullprogram_track1.asphttp://www.bitcongress.co
m/nef2012/programme.asp - c1 Forum 3: Nuclear Energy (NE)http://www.bitcongress.com/nef2012/programme.asp - c1 Forum 4: Ocean Energy (OE)http://www.bitcongress.com/nef2012/programme.asp - c1 Forum 5: Hydrogen Energy (HE)http://www.bitcongress.com/nef2012/programme.asp - c1 Forum 6: Geothermal Energy (GE)http://www.bitcongress.com/nef2012/programme.asp - c1 Forum 7: Hydropower/Hydroelectricity (HYE)http://www.bitcongress.com/nef2012/programme.asp - c1 Forum 8: Renewable Bioenergy (BE)http://www.bitcongress.com/nef2012/programme.asp - c1 Forum 9: Transmission, Storage and Integration of Renewable Energy Frequency: Annual Organizer: BIT Congress Inc. Contact: Ms. Lydia Liu Organizing Committee of LCES 2012 East Wing, 11F, Dalian Ascendas IT Park No. 1 Hui Xian Yuan, Dalian Hi-tech Industrial Zone LN 116025, P.R.China Tel: 0086-411-84799609 EXT 821 0086-411-84799609 EXT 822 Fax: 0086-411-84799629 Email: lydia@lcesummit.com Website: http://www.bitcongress.com/nef2012/contactus.asp
Page 296
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
ANNEXE 5. THE RENEWABLE ENERGY LAW Authorised Release: The Renewable Energy Law The People's Republic of China (Full Text) Table of Contents Chapter 1
General
Chapter 2
Resource Survey and Development Plan
Chapter 3
Industry Guidance and Technology Support
Chapter 4
Promotion and Application
Chapter 5
Price Management and Fee Sharing
Chapter 6
Economic Incentives and Supervisory Measures
Chapter 7
Legal Responsibilities
Chapter 8
Miscellaneous
Chapter 1
General
Article 1—In order to promote the development and utilization of renewable energy, improve the energy structure, diversify energy supplies, safeguard energy security, protect the environment, and realize the sustainable development of the economy and society, this Law is hereby prepared. Article 2—Renewable energy in this law refers to non-fossil energy of wind energy, solar energy, water energy, biomass energy, geothermal energy, and ocean energy, etc. Application of this Law in hydropower shall be regulated by energy authorities of the State Council and approved by the State Council. This Law does not apply to the direct burning of straw, firewood and deject, etc. on low-efficiency stove. Article 3—This Law applies to territory and other sea area of the People’s Republic of China. Article 4—The Government lists the development of utilization of renewable energy as the preferential area for energy development and promotes the construction and development of the renewable energy market by establishing total volume for the development of renewable energy and taking corresponding measures. The Government encourages economic entities of all ownerships to participate in the development and utilization of renewable energy and protects legal rights and interests of the developers and users of renewable energy on the basis of law.
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 297
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
Article 5—Energy authorities of the State Council implement management for the development and utilization of renewable energy at the national level. Relevant departments of the State Council are responsible for the management of relevant development and utilization of renewable energy within their authorities. Energy authorities of local people’s governments above the county level are responsible for the management of the development and utilization of renewable energy within their own jurisdiction. Relevant departments of local people’s governments above the county level are responsible for the management of relevant development and utilization of renewable energy within their authorities. Chapter 2
Resource Survey and Development Plan
Article 6—Energy authorities of the State Council are responsible for organizing and coordinating national surveys and management of renewable energy resources, and work with related departments to establish technical regulations for resource surveys. Relevant departments of the State Council, within their respective authorities, are responsible for related renewable energy resource surveys. The survey results will be summarized by the energy authorities in the State Council. The result of the survey of renewable energy shall be released to the public, with the exception of confidential contents as stipulated by the Government. Article 7—Energy authorities of the State Council sets middle and long-term target of the total volume for the development and utilization of renewable energy at the national level, which shall be implemented and released to the pubic after being approved by the State Council. Energy authorities of the State Council shall, on the basis of the target of total volume in the previous paragraph, as well as the economic development and actual situation of renewable energy resources of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities, cooperate with people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities in establishing middle and long-term target and release it to the public. Article 8—Energy authorities of the State Council shall, on the basis of the middle and long-term total volume target of renewable energy throughout the country, prepare national renewable energy development and utilization plan, which is to be implemented after being approved by the State Council. Energy authorities of the people’s governments at the level of province, autonomous region and municipality shall, on the basis of the middle and long-term target for the development and utilization
Page 298
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
of renewable energy, cooperate with relevant authorities of the people’s governments at their own level in preparing national renewable energy development and utilization plan for their own administrative regions, which shall be implemented after being approved by people’s governments at their own level. The approved plan shall be released to the public, with the exception of confidential content as stipulated by the government. In case that the approved plan needs to be modified, approval of the original approving authorities shall be obtained. Article 9—In preparing the plan for the development and utilization of renewable energy, opinions of relevant units, experts and the public shall be solicited and the scientific reasoning shall be done. Chapter 3
Industry Guidance and Technology Support
Article 10—Energy authorities in the State Council shall, in accordance with the national renewable energy development plan, prepares and promulgates development guidance catalogues for renewable energy industries. Article 11—Standardization authorities of the State Council shall set and publicize technical standard for renewable energy electric power and the technical standards for relevant renewable technology and products for which technical requirements need to be standardized at the national level. For those technical requirements not dealt with in the national standard in the previous paragraph, relevant authorities of the State Council may establish relevant industrial standard, which shall be reported to the standardization authorities of the State Council for filing. Article 12—The government lists scientific and technical research in the development and utilization of, and the industrialized development of, renewable energy, as the preferential area for hi-tech development and hi-tech industrial development in the national program, and allocates funding for the scientific and technical research, application demonstration and industrialized development of the development and utilization of renewable energy so as to promote technical advancement in the development and utilization of renewable energy, reduce the production cost of renewable energy products and improve the quality of products. Education authorities of the State Council shall incorporate the knowledge and technology on renewable energy into general and occupational education curricula. Chapter 4 Promotion and Application.
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 299
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
Article 13—The Government encourages and supports various types of grid-connected renewable power generation. For the construction of renewable energy power generation projects, administrative permits shall be obtained or filing shall be made in accordance with the law and regulations of the State Council. In the construction of renewable power generation projects, if there is more than one applicant for project license, the licensee shall be determined through a tender. Article 14—Grid enterprises shall enter into grid connection agreement with renewable power generation enterprises that have legally obtained administrative license or for which filing has been made, and buy the grid-connected power produced with renewable energy within the coverage of their power grid, and provide grid-connection service for the generation of power with renewable energy. Article 15—The Government supports the construction of independent renewable power systems in areas not covered by the power grid to provide power service for local production and living. Article 16—The Government encourages clean and efficient development and utilization of biological fuel and encourage the development of energy crops. If the gas and heat produced with biological resources conform to urban fuel gas pipeline networks and heat pipeline networks, enterprises operating gas pipeline networks and heat pipeline networks shall accept them into the networks. The Government encourages the production and utilization of biological liquid fuel. Gas-selling enterprises shall, on the basis of the regulations of energy authorities of the State Council or people’s government at the provincial level, include biological liquid fuel conforming to the national standard into its fuel-selling system. Article 17—The Government encourages workplaces and individuals in the installation and use of solar energy utilization systems of solar energy water-heating system, solar energy heating and cooling system and solar photovoltaic system, etc. Construction authorities of the State Council shall cooperate with relevant authorities of the State Council in establishing technical economic policies and technical standards with regard to the combination of solar energy utilization system and construction. Real estate development enterprises shall, on the basis of the technical standards in the previous paragraph, provide necessary conditions for the utilization of solar energy in the design and construction of buildings.
Page 300
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
For buildings already built, residents may, on the condition that its quality and safety is not affected, install solar energy utilization system that conform to technical standards and product standards, unless agreement has been otherwise reached between relevant parties. Article 18—The Government encourages and supports the development and utilization of renewable energy in rural areas. Energy authorities of local people’s governments above the county level shall, on the basis of local economic and social development, ecological protection and health need, etc., prepare renewable energy development plan for the rural area and promote biomass energy like the marsh gas, etc. conversion, household solar energy, small-scale wind energy and small-scale hydraulic energy, etc. People’s government above the county level shall provide financial support for the renewable energy utilization projects in the rural areas. Chapter 5 Price Management and Fee Sharing Article 19—Grid power price of renewable energy power generation projects shall be determined by the price authorities of the State Council in the principle of being beneficial to the development and utilization of renewable energy and being economic and reasonable, where timely adjustment shall be made on the basis of the development of technology for the development and utilization of renewable energy. The price for grid-connected power shall be publicized. For the price of grid-connected power of renewable power generation projects determined through tender as stipulated in the 3rd paragraph of Article 13 hereof, the bid-winning price shall be implemented; however, such a price shall not exceed the level of grid-connected power of similar renewable power generation projects. Article 20—The excess between the expenses that power grid enterprises purchase renewable power on the basis of the price determined in Article 19 hereof and the expenses incurred in the purchase of average power price generated with conventional energy shall be shared in the selling price. Price authorities of the State Council shall prepare specific methods. Article 21—Grid connection expenses paid by grid enterprises for the purchase of renewable power and other reasonable expenses may be included into the grid enterprise power transmission cost and retrieved from the selling price. Article 22—For the selling price of power generated from independent renewable energy power system invested or subsidized by the Government, classified selling price of the same area shall be adopted, and
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 301
July, 2012 SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
the excess between its reasonable operation, management expenses and the selling price shall be shared on the basis of the method as specified in Article 20 hereof. Article 23—The price of renewable heat and natural gas that enters the urban pipeline shall be determined on the basis of price management authorities in the principle of being beneficial to the development and utilization of renewable energy and being economic and reasonable. Chapter 6
Economic Incentives and supervisory measures
Article 24—The Government budget establishes renewable energy development fund to support the following: 1.
Scientific and technological research, standard establishment and pilot project for the
development and utilization of renewable energy; 2. Construction of renewable energy projects for domestic use in rural and pasturing areas; 3.
Construction of independent renewable power systems in remote areas and islands;
4.
Surveys, assessments of renewable energy resources, and the construction of relevant information systems;
5.
Localized production of the equipment for the development and utilization of renewable
energy. Article 25—Financial institutions may offer preferential loan with financial interest subsidy to renewable energy development and utilization projects that are listed in the national renewable energy industrial development guidance catalogue and conform to the conditions for granting loans. Article 26—The Government grants tax benefits to projects listed in the renewable energy industrial development guidance catalogue, and specific methods are to be prepared by the State Council. Article 27—Power enterprises shall authentically and completely record and store relevant materials of renewable energy power generation, and shall accept the inspection and supervision of power supervisory institutions. Power supervisory institutions shall do the inspection in accordance with stipulated procedures, and shall keep commercial secret and other secret for inspected units. Chapter 7 Legal Responsibilities Article 28—If energy authorities of the State Council and the people’s governments above the county level as well as other relevant authorities breach this Law and have one of the following, people’s government of their own level or relevant authorities of the superior people’s governments may order them to make correction, and impose administrative penalty for competent personnel that are liable
Page 302
European Solar Thermal Electricity Association
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY IN CHINA IN 2011 AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
July, 2012
and other personnel directly liable; in case that such breaches constitute crime, criminal liabilities shall be legally pursued. 1. Failure to make administrative licensing decision in accordance with law; 2. Failure to make an investigation when illegal activities are discovered; 3. Other acts of not legally performing supervision and management responsibilities. Article 29—If the power grid enterprises breach Article 14 hereof and fail to purchase renewable power in full, which results in economic loss to the renewable power generation enterprises, such power grid enterprises shall be liable for compensation, and the national power supervisory institutions shall order them to make correction within a stipulated period of time; in case of refusal to make correction, a fine of less than the economic loss of the renewable power generation enterprises shall be imposed. Article 30—In case that enterprises of natural gas pipeline network and heat pipeline network breach paragraph 2 of Article 16 hereof and do not permit the connection of natural gas and heat that conform to the grid connection technical standard into the network, which results in economic loss to the gas and heat production enterprises, relevant enterprises shall be liable for compensation, and energy authorities of the people’s government at the provincial level shall order them to make correction within a stipulated period of time; in case of refusal to make correction, a fine of less than said economic loss shall be imposed against them. Article 31—If gas-selling enterprises breach paragraph 3 of Article 16 hereof and fail to include biological liquid fuel that conforms to the national standard into its fuel-selling system, which results in economic loss to the biological liquid fuel production enterprises, relevant enterprises shall be liable for compensation, and energy authorities of the State Council or people’s government at the provincial level shall order them to make correction within a stipulated period of time; in case of refusal to make correction, a fine of less than said economic loss shall be imposed against them. Chapter 8 Miscellaneous Article 32—Terms used herein shall have the following meanings: 1. Biomass energy: means energy converted from natural plants, reject as well as urban and rural organic waste. 2. Renewable energy independent power system: means independent renewable power system not connected to the power grid. 3. Energy crop: means herbage and wood plants specially planted and used as raw materials of energy. 4. Biological liquid fuels: means methanol, ethanol, bio-diesel and other liquid fuels derived from biomass resources. Article 33—This Law shall become effective on Jan 1st, 2006.
Prepared by Cayetano Hernández Lluna
Page 303