Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies Annual Brochure 2011/12 by European University Institute

Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies 2011/12

This brochure gives an overview of the RSCAS activities and fellowships. For further and more detailed information, please visit our website: www.eui.eu/RSCAS/ ÂŠ 2011 European University Institute The European Commission supports the EUI through the European Union budget. This publication reflects the views only of the author(s), and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

Front cover, from left: Villa Schifanoia, Convento di San Domenico (photo by N. Tognarini), Convento di San Domenico Back cover, from left: Villa Malafrasca, Villa La Pagliaiuola, Villa La Fonte (photo by N. Tognarini), The Badia

r ober t schuman centre for ad vanced studies

Introduction The European University Institute was founded in 1972 by the original Member States of the European Community, now the European Union, in order to provide advanced academic training for Ph.D. students and to promote research at the highest level. The Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies (RSCAS) was created in 1992 to develop inter-disciplinary and comparative research and to promote work on the major issues facing the process of integration and European society. I have been Director of the Centre since 2006. The academic staff of the Centre includes joint chair holders who are also professors in the teaching departments of the Institute (Law, Economics, History and Civilization, and Social and Political Sciences); programme directors, who are responsible for largescale programmes; part-time professors and research fellows and academic assistants working on the projects and programmes of the Centre. In addition to its own faculty, the Centre hosts a large post-doctoral fellowship programme including Jean Monnet and Marie Curie fellows as well as other publicly and privately funded fellows, and academic and non-academic visiting fellows. The Centre has a core administrative staff and is funded from a variety of sources, including various EU programmes, national agencies, private foundations and the business community.

Our main objectives are to

Our main objectives are to produce high quality research; to collaborate with other centres of research excellence; to provide opportunities for young scholars working in our core research areas; to provide high-level training in our core research areas; and to promote dialogue with the world of practice. To this end, the Centre hosts research programmes and projects, and a range of working groups and ad hoc initiatives. The research agenda is organised around a set of core themes and is continuously evolving, reflecting the changing agenda of European integration and the expanding membership of the European Union. Currently, the core themes are:

our core research areas; to

• • • • • • •

European Institutions, Governance and Democracy Migration Economic and Monetary Policy Competition Policy and Market Regulation Energy Policy and Climate Policy Global Governance International and Transnational Relations of the EU

produce high quality research; to collaborate with other centres of research excellence; to provide opportunities for young scholars working in

provide high-level training in our core research areas; and to promote dialogue with the world of practice.

The details of the Centre’s research agenda are set out in the following pages, while the most up-to-date information can be found on our web site.

Stefano Bartolini Director of the RSCAS

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European Institutions, Governance, and Democracy Research on the political and legal design and the policy performance of European institutions has long been at the core of the Centre’s agenda. Past and present research examines issues relevant to the debate on EU institutional and constitutional reform; evolution and experimentation in European governance; and issues of democracy and citizens’ participation in EU institutions. A recurrent question is the study of tensions between the logic of law and that of politics. Past and present research examines issues relevant to the debate on EU institutional and constitutional reform; evolution and experimentation in European governance; and issues of democracy and citizens’ participation in EU institutions.

EU institutional and constitutional reform is an issue of long-standing interest to the RSCAS. Our research focus continually adjusts to developments in the reform process. Ongoing research deals with alternative solutions to the EU institutional design reform after the failure of the national ratification processes of the draft Constitution, as well as the substantive content of reform. The Centre also investigates intentional negotiated change (through Treaty reorganisation and revision), as well as endogenous institutional change arising through the development of informal rules and the selection of lower-order rules. In this latter area a project funded by the Swedish Institute for European Policy Studies (SIEPS) deals with ‘Interstitial Institutional Change’ and investigates institutional change in the European Union which takes place between the highly salient formal treaty revisions. More specifically, research at the Centre explores whether, why, how and with which consequences EU legislation is increasingly ‘fast-tracked’ under the co-decision procedure and passed as ‘early agreements’. Another topic of continuous interstitial change relates to the rules governing comitology, i.e. the implementing powers of the Commission. The results of this research will be published in a monograph by Oxford University Press in 2012. During past years our research on governance has focused in particular on new modes of governance in Europe, with the pan-European NEWGOV FP6 integrated project, which examined the transformation of governance in and beyond Europe by mapping, evaluating and analysing new modes of governance. This project ended in 2008 and a volume summarising the results of the entire project was published by Palgrave in 2011. A new Programme on Global Governance started its activities in 2009; a full description of it is found elsewhere in this Brochure. A third main research topic in this area is democracy, particularly European democracy. Many studies and research projects at the RSCAS have focused on the challenges and opportunities for democracy in Europe, both at the national and regional levels. Moreover, ever closer attention was given to the development of democratic institutions and processes at the EU level. This latter focus has become particularly salient since the 2005 referenda on the Constitutional Treaty, which bolstered the attention of policy makers and academics towards citizens’ participation in EU integration. Under the Seventh Framework Programme the Centre has coordinated PIREDEU, a design study to set up an infrastructure for research on citizenship, political participation, and electoral democracy in the EU, completed in January 2011. With the creation of the European Union Democracy Observatory (EUDO), coordinated by Alexander H. Trechsel, the RSCAS consolidates the scientific knowledge and policy relevant know-how on EU democracy. Furthermore, EUDO actively engages in research, experimentation, and dissemination activities on issues relating to EU democracy. Key faculty RSCAS: Stefano Bartolini, Adrienne Héritier, Miguel Maduro, Bruno de Witte EUI Departments: Rainer Bauböck, Peter Mair, Alexander H. Trechsel (SPS)

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European Union Democracy Observatory (EUDO) EUDO is an interdisciplinary academic platform for the permanent and periodic assessment of democratic practices within the EU; a forum for the exchange of ideas and good practices; and a resource for policy-makers, for academics and, indeed, for EU citizens. There are four Observatories responsible for data and documentation gathering and directed by EUI professors in conjunction with external experts. The Observatory on Public Opinion, Political Elites and the Media focuses on the attitudes and preferences of electorates, the media and elites, measuring the way in which these converge or diverge. The Observatory on Political Parties and Representation is devoted to the study of European parties as representative channels, agenda setters and gatekeepers on the uncertain road towards a fully-fledged and effective Euro-party system. The Observatory on Institutional Change and Reforms is devoted to reforms and adaptations in the current institutional EU set-up, particularly those reforms and adaptations that are most likely to foster popular acceptance and legitimacy for the Union. The Observatory on Citizenship, finally, is devoted to the study and development of citizenship in the European Union and its member states and the impact of citizenship on democratic inclusion and participation. In 2010-2011 the EUDO Observatories have been involved in a series of projects to provide applied research reports for EU institutions. The Observatory on Public Opinion, Political Elites and the Media was responsible for producing a comparative study on Member State consultations with civil society on European policy matters. The aim of the study was to map and analyse consultation with civil society at the national level, in order to offer policy advice on how to improve consultative processes of the European Economic and Social Committee (EESC). The project was led by Didier Chabanet and Alexander H. Trechsel, who were supported by a project coordinator and a team of appointed country experts consisting of EUI and external researchers trained in the field. The country experts collected and analysed information about the way in which the ‘voice’ of civil society is represented, not only at the national level, but in particular through EESC consultative processes. The study was completed in December 2010 with 27 national reports and a crosscountry analysis. The part on ‘EU national economic and social councils and similar institutions’ is now available free of charge in English and French: http://www.eui.eu/ Projects/EUDO/News/All/02-08-11EUDOandEESCJointPublication.aspx

2010 EUDO Dissemination Conference, Brussels

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EUDO Dissemination Conference, Panel on Political Parties and Representation

The Observatory on Public Opinion, Political Elites and Media is also part of a larger consortium that won a tender of the European Commission’s ‘Competitiveness and Innovation Framework Programme’ with the project Puzzled by Policy. The project started in June 2010. By constructing an interactive and openly accessible e-platform, the project aims to end the detachment of European citizens from policy-making in immigration policy issues by providing all citizens—regardless of their literacy skills or subject matter knowledge—with a unique opportunity to learn about immigration policies within the EU, both at the EU level and in the member-states, and to contribute to policy drafting and impact assessments. Equally important, Puzzled by Policy will help decision-makers at both the national and European level better understand the impact of their policies on their constituencies by studying citizens’ reactions. The project partners concentrate on different topics and EUDO is responsible for scientific research on the various European immigration policies and on e-participation. EUDO also provides the other consortium partners with its highly specialised know-how and its valuable experience and insights from the implementation of EU Profiler. The Observatory on Political Parties and Representation was responsible for producing a research report on the prospects for developing a transnational party system in Europe. The study ‘How to Create a Transnational Party System’ was published in Summer 2010. In June 2010, the OPPR directors also engaged with policy-makers in Brussels with the report’s presentation at the European Parliament. The report enhanced the academic understanding of party politics at the EU level and raised EUDO’s visibility. The report is available online: http://www.eui.eu/Projects/EUDO/ Documents/EUDOReport2web.pdf Finally the Observatory on Public Opinion, Political Elites and the Media together with the Observatory on Institutional Change and Reforms in 2010 produced a study commissioned by the Group of Socialists and Democrats in the European Parliament: ‘Legislating after Lisbon. New Opportunities for the European Parliament’. The study analyses four topics. First, how and in which policy areas, the extension of co-decision can bring the EP closer to citizens’ daily concerns and where it can reinforce the visibility of the EP. Second, how the influence of the EP towards other EU institutions can

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be maximised (focusing above all on the newly established President of the Council, the High Representative and the External Action Service). Third, the study analyses the reinforcement of national parliaments and its linked opportunities and challenges for the EP. Finally, the study addresses the enhanced role of civil society under the Lisbon Treaty (above all on the Citizens’ Initiative) and on how the EP can maximise its political impact in cooperation with civil society. The study is available online: http://www.eui.eu/Projects/EUDO/Documents/EUDO1web.pdf In addition to the four Observatories, the EUDO platform has three further components: The EUDO Communication and Dissemination Strategy, the EUDO Training and Debate and the EUDO Publication and Data Centre. The EUDO Communication and Dissemination Strategy has been developed to assure that the work produced within EUDO is disseminated to the relevant stakeholders. It consists of a website which is continually updated; a newsletter which is published three times a year; an annual dissemination conference which brings academics, politicians, citizens groups, and media together to debate the most pressing issues regarding EU democracy as well as providing an opportunity for EUDO to present the latest research results; an annual report which is circulated widely; and a Facebook and Twitter account. The EUDO Training and Debate Forum allows EUDO to interact with students and the wider public. It adopts a proactive approach to the dissemination of findings so as to stimulate interdisciplinary dialogue while reaching out to policy makers and politicians as well as to civil society organisations. The EUDO Training and Debate Forum consists of a range of workshops and seminars on specific issues related to EU democracy; a summer school as well as an online web café where internal and external experts contribute to a lively debate on a range of issues of interest to EUDO. Furthermore, EUDO Training offers junior and senior fellows the possibility of completing their training and research skills through EUDO-related Jean Monnet fellowships and senior fellowships.

Apart from the activities mentioned above, much time is also devoted to streamlining EUDO’s efforts to become a leading and well known hub in EU democracy research. It is hoped that EUDO will be one of the leading sources academics, policy-makers and ordinary citizens turn to, when they look for information and research on democracy in the EU. In order to achieve this, the inter- and multi-disciplinary character of EUDO will be fostered to create ever more synergies and to conduct common research projects and studies as well as common funding applications. Linked to these internal efforts will be external activities, such as inviting more external scholars and research centres, politicians and policy makers as well as civil-society representatives to join the EUDO network and to cooperate with other leading actors in the field.

Spotlight on… On the web: http://eudo-publicopinion.eui.eu

EUDO Spotlight 2011/02 • June 2011

The Collateral Effects of the Economic Crisis Towards the Europeanization of Public Attitudes about the Economy Authors: Danilo Di Mauro, Marta Fraile and Claudius Wagemann

hree years into what many analysts have considered the deepest economic crisis since 1929, Europeans have started to think that the worst is over. Economic indicators clearly show trends of recovery, while data on public opinion indicate a new optimism. Although these changes give rise to renewed hope for a future of stability, we are far from apprehending the full effects of the crisis. Furthermore, the enormous political and economic turmoil in Greece and Ireland (and the suspicion that something similar could happen in other countries) took the initial crisis into a second stage. The Euro as a common currency seemed to be in danger, and policy packages had to be prepared, but this time not in order to rescue savings banks or private firms from failure, but entire national budgets and economies. While the outcome of the crisis remains uncertain most observers would agree that citizens remain key players. Thus, measuring public opinion in times of crisis becomes of utmost importance to decision makers. Questions such as “What is the heritage of the crisis?”, “How do European citizens perceive the state of the economy after the crisis?” and “What are the effects of the second phase which brought the Greek, Irish, Spanish and Portuguese economies to the forefront of public attention” are most relevant and need – at least tentative – answers. A descriptive analysis of both negative and positive trends in future economic expectations1 reveals at least two prominent aspects. First, the percentage of those who believe that ‘the worst has still to come’ has decreased consistently both at the national and the European levels. After a peak at the beginning of 2009, when more than 50% of citzens in Europe expected the economic situation to be worse in the near future, this percentage dropped by late 2010 to 34% with regard to the national economy and to 30% for the European one. These values are still slightly higher than in 2007, but we can say that evaluations of the economic situation have returned to pre-crisis levels (evaluations of the European economy remain worse than before the crisis, though not by much).2 In other words, a normalization in expectations of the economic future hast set in. 1

The exact wording of the question in the Eurobarometer questionnaire is as follows: ‘What are your expectations for the next twelve months: will the next twelve months be better, worse or the same, when it comes to.. a) the state of (country) economy; b) the economic situation in the EU?’ On this point see also TNS Report on Standard Eurobarometer 74.2 “Economic Governance in the European Union”, January 2011, http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/archives/eb/eb74/eb74_en.htm.

Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies

PUBLIC OPINION

The EUDO Publication and Data Centre groups together the hard data on European Democracy produced by EUDO. It includes the EUDO Data Centre, a web-based repository for the distribution and dissemination of quantitative and qualitative data and research results produced or acquired by EUDO projects; the EUDO Working Paper Series which is a core element of EUDO’s efforts in disseminating high-quality research; a EUDO Report Series which publishes and brands reports by EUDO under the same banner; EUDO Spotlight which publishes public attitudes towards the most recent issues at stake on the European political agenda, showing how they affect European democracy. It also draws attention to the individual publications of EUDO researchers, making their research results accessible to the wider community.

The Observatory on Public Opinion, Political Elites and the Media focuses on the analysis of the attitudes and preferences of electorates, the media and elites. The Observatory is part of the European Union Democracy Observatory (EUDO), which is an independent and interdisciplinary academic organization fully-integrated within the Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies (RSCAS). EUDO Public Opinion http://eudo-publicopinion.eui.eu RSCAS, EUI Via delle Fontanelle 19 50014 Fiesole - Italy Contacts: EUDOsecr@eui.eu

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Project ‘Puzzled by Policy’ EUDO is part of a larger international consortium that won a tender in the framework of the European Commission’s ‘Competitiveness and Innovation Framework Programme’, ICT Policy Support Programme (Objective Theme 3: ICT for Governance). ‘Puzzled by Policy’ aims to provide EU citizens with a unique e-platform to learn about immigration policies in the EU and help decision-makers to better understand the impact of their policies on constituents by collecting reactions of citizens. The contribution of EUDO has been essential during the first year of the project. A team of experts in immigration policies and political science has been involved in the detailed mapping of immigration policy developments at the EU level and in four EU member-states. In addition, the team has drawn from the analysis of available survey data and the EU Profiler in order to produce a high-quality mapping of European political parties on immigration policy issues. The knowledge obtained through the launching of EU Profiler has been used in providing expertise and advice to the other consortium partners concerning the construction of the e-platform, which will provide the interactive forum connecting policy-makers, immigration policy stakeholders and European citizens. The ‘Puzzled by Policy’ team at EUDO has organised a consortium meeting in Florence in January 2011 and submitted the first comprehensive report on immigration policy developments in the EU. A new report on the profiling of European immigration policy developments and its incorporation in the e-platform of the ‘Puzzled by Policy’ project was finalised in the summer of 2011.

Smaller States in EU Decision-Making: Portugal in Comparative Perspective Although all EU member states are equal in law, they are unequal in population and resources with more than two-thirds of the member states being small countries. Since the co-decision processes of the EU usually operate by consensus, the ability of countries to make their voice heard is as important as their votes. However to influence policies, small countries need to be informed, timely and realistic in what they say. Funded by the Fundaçao Francisco Manuel dos Santos, Lisbon, this project will systematically examine the role of representatives of small countries in the European Union policy process, with special reference to Portugal. In the next two years a series of reports will be published covering the role of small countries in the European Parliament; interactions between national governments, the European Commission and the European Council; civil society representation; and Portuguese engagement in supranational posts in the European Commission. The project leaders are Richard Rose and Alexander H. Trechsel and the dos Santos Foundation has appointed a distinguished advisory committee from the Portuguese public policy community.

Other Work in Progress Jean Blondel has been working on cabinet decision-making in Eastern European governments, the social and political values in 18 countries of Western Europe and South East Asia, and the personalisation of leadership. He is currently working on presidential systems across the world. Paolo Ponzano does research on the institutional development of the European Union, not only on the basis of the Treaties, but especially on the changes of the EU’s institutional system as they have occurred in practice.

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Migration Migration represents both an opportunity and a challenge. While well-managed migration may foster progress and welfare in both source and host countries, its mismanagement may put social cohesion, security and sovereignty at risk. Migration is evolving rapidly, and so knowledge needs to be constantly updated and shared with policymakers. Due to it being a global phenomenon, its study requires innovative cooperation between scholars around the world. Key faculty RSCAS: Jean-Pierre Cassarino, Philippe Fargues, Anna Triandafyllidou, Alessandra Venturini EUI Departments: Rainer Bauböck (SPS), Ruth Rubio Marin (LAW)

Tolerance, Pluralism and Social Cohesion: Responding to the Challenges of the 21st Century in Europe (ACCEPT PLURALISM) ACCEPT PLURALISM is funded by the European Commission under the Seventh Framework Programme. The project aims to investigate whether European societies have become more or less tolerant during the past 20 years. In particular it examines how tolerance is defined conceptually; how it is codified in norms, institutional arrangements, public policies and social practices; how tolerance can be measured; and how the degree of tolerance of a society across time or of several countries at the same time can be compared (whose tolerance, who is tolerated, and how degrees of tolerance vary with respect to different minority groups). The project covers 15 EU countries and involves 17 partner institutions. Bringing together empirical and theoretical findings, ACCEPT PLURALISM aims its output at diverse audiences. The ‘State of the Art Report on Tolerance and Cultural Diversity in Europe’ targets policy makers, NGOs and practitioners. The ‘Handbook on Ideas of Tolerance and Cultural Diversity in Europe’ is intended for use at the upper high school level and with local/ national policy makers. Finally, a ‘Tolerance Indicators’ Toolkit’, where qualitative and quantitative indicators may be used to score each country’s performance on tolerating cultural diversity, along with a book on tolerance, pluralism and cultural diversity in Europe are mainly aimed at an academic readership. Further information is available from the project’s web site: www.accept-pluralism.eu

Being a global phenomenon, the study of migration requires innovative cooperation between scholars around the world.

Third meeting of ACCEPT PLURALISM participants, May 2011

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Circular Migration in Southern and Central Eastern Europe—Challenges and Opportunities (METOIKOS) METOIKOS, a project co-funded by the European Commission DG-JLS, studies the links between circular migration and the integration (in the destination country) and the reintegration (in the source country) of circular migrants and their families in three European regions (South-Eastern Europe/Balkans; South-Western Europe/ Maghreb; Central-Eastern Europe). The project identifies the main challenges and opportunities of circular migration for source countries, destination countries and migrants (and their families) with regard to social, economic and political integration in the destination country. It looks at problems and opportunities for the reintegration of circular migrants in their countries of origin. The project develops a guide for local, regional and national policy makers to help framing circular migration with appropriate (re)integration policies. METOIKOS organises four Regional Workshops (in Athens, Madrid, Rome and Warsaw) to foster discussion and raise policy-makers and other stakeholders’ awareness of the challenges and advantages of circular mobility in the wider area of the EU Neighbourhood and the Euro-Mediterranean region. For more see: http://metoikos.eui.eu

Media for Diversity and Migrant Integration: Consolidating Knowledge and Assessing Media Practices across the EU (MEDIVA) The MEDIVA project, co-funded by the European Fund for Integration of Third Country Nationals (Community Actions, 2009), seeks to strengthen the capacity of the media to reflect the increasing diversity of European societies and thus foster a better understanding of immigrant integration processes at a time when social cohesion and integration policies are put to the test by an acute economic crisis. To achieve this aim, the project (1) surveys existing studies/projects assessing the media capacity to reflect diversity and promote migrant integration (looking at 5 aspects: content of news, news making and programme production, recruitment, employment, training) across Europe; (2) builds an online database of these studies; (3) creates a set of Indicators assessing the capacity of the media to reflect diversity and promote integration; (4) assesses 30 selected media outlets (TV channels, newspapers, news web sites) across Europe on the basis of these indicators; (5) organises five European Workshops to present the database and the indicators and discuss how they can be used; and (6) creates and uses a targeted e-mail list of stakeholders to disseminate the project results (database, indicators, their use for policy assessment/policy design and journalist training). The project’s web site and the database can be consulted at http://mediva.eui.eu

The Cross-Regional Information System on the Reintegration of Migrants in their Countries of Origin (CRIS) CRIS is a new three-year research project funded by the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation, directed by Jean-Pierre Cassarino. This research project extensively draws on the methodology tested in the framework of the MIREM project (www.mirem.eu). CRIS is aimed at critically addressing the factors and conditions shaping returnees’ patterns of reintegration in their countries of origin. In other words, it sets out to explain why some return migrants contribute to development and successfully reintegrate back home, whereas others do not. Based on a network of

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partner institutions located in South Mediterranean countries, Africa, the Southern Caucasus and the Western Balkans, the project comparatively investigates the factors shaping returnees’ pre- and post-return conditions. Field surveys, based on a large sample of in-depth interviews with return migrants, will be carried out in selected countries of origin. Analytical tools will be provided to study various categories of returnees, their socio-demographic characteristics and their manifold patterns of reintegration. Finally, through a specific implementation method emphasising return migrants’ aspirations and rights, CRIS also aims to offer ad hoc recommendations and possible policy measures to sustain returnees’ reintegration and their contribution to the development of their countries of origin.

The Migration Policy Centre (MPC) A common feature of all research conducted by the MPC is to contribute to understanding how migration can result in progress in both source and host countries. The MPC sets out to bridge the gap between research and policy-making in the following ways:

THE ROLE OF THE SENDING STATE AND SOCIETY

IN IMMIGRANT INTEGRATION Christian Joppke

CARIM Analytic and Synthetic Notes 2011/33

• by producing policy-oriented theoretical and empirical research and sustaining the production and use of databases;

Co-financed by the European Union

• by pooling together scholars, experts and thinkers to maximise expertise and creativity in identifying problems, studying their causes and consequences, and devising policy solutions; • by offering a venue for open and frank discussion and debate on migration issues by bringing together the various stakeholders concerned. In 2011/12, the core research projects of the MPC focus on migration in geographic areas south of the Mediterranean and east of Europe; on migration policy between India and Europe; on immigration policy on both sides of the Atlantic; and on refugee resettlement in Europe. The MPC also runs a summer school on Mediterranean Migration and Development.

Consortium for Applied Research on International Migration (CARIM) CARIM was created at the EUI in 2004 and is co-financed by the European Union. It aims to observe, analyse, and forecast migration in 17 countries of the Southern & Eastern Mediterranean (SEM) and Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA): Algeria, Chad, Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Niger, Palestine, Senegal, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, and Turkey. All are studied as origin, transit and destination countries. Its team is composed of a coordinating unit established at the EUI, and a network of more than 90 scientific correspondents based in the countries under observation. The project’s database covers three major dimensions of migration. Firstly the demographic and economic module contains a wide range of statistics on migration, secondly the legal module contains the legal provisions directly or indirectly linked to international migration, and its causes and consequences and thirdly the socio-political module contains documents from governmental and non-governmental institutions which play a role in defining migration-related policies. CARIM has published around 300 studies and reports that together form a unique source of knowledge on migration south of the Mediterranean.

THE FIGHT AGAINST TRAFFICKING IN SELECTED SEM AND EU STATES Kristina Touzenis CARIM Research Reports 2011/01

Co-financed by the European University Institute and the European Union

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CARIM Thematic Session on Gender and Migration, October 2010

Creating an Observatory of Migration East of Europe The project, co-financed by the European Union, is carried out by the EUI in partnership with the University of Warsaw (CMR), jointly with a network of correspondents based in the target countries: Belarus, Republic of Moldova, Ukraine, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Russian Federation, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan. Its database is structured into three modules, similar to those of the CARIM project. The research activities are conducted on two levels: national and regional. They focus on specific thematic priorities, such as border management, irregular migration from, through and into Eastern Europe, South Caucasus and Russian Federation; asylum seekers, refugees and mixed flows; circular migration in post-Soviet states; the international labour market and its implications for source and destinations areas; development, remittances and highly skilled mobility; environmental change and population movements; mobility in the context of political and economic transition.

Developing a Knowledge Base for Policymaking on India-EU Migration This project, co-financed by the European Union, is carried out by the EUI in partnership with the Indian Council of Overseas Employment, (ICOE), the Indian Institute of Management Bangalore Association, (IIMB), and Maastricht University (Faculty of Law). Its aim is to consolidate a constructive dialogue on migration and all migrationrelated aspects between the EU and India. This would be achieved by developing a knowledge-base addressed to policy-makers and migration stakeholders in both the EU and India.

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Improving EU and US Immigration Systems’ Capacity for Responding to Global Challenges: Learning from Experiences The project’s rationale is to identify the ways in which EU and US immigration systems can be substantially improved in order to address the major challenges policymakers face on both sides of the Atlantic, both in the context of the current economic crisis, and in the longer term. It is expected that the project will contribute to a more evidencebased and thoughtful approach to immigration policy on both sides of the Atlantic, and improve policymakers’ understanding of the opportunities for, and benefits of, more effective Transatlantic cooperation on migration issues. This project is co-funded by the European Union. The Migration Policy Institute (Washington) is a partner.

THIS PROJECT IS FUNDED BY THE EUROPEAN UNION

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Developing Cohesive and Integrated Societies in the EU and in the US: The added value of a Transatlantic Local Integration and Cohesion Forum by Marco Martiniello

Building Knowledge for a Concerted and Sustainable Approach of Resettlement in the EU and its Member States (Know Reset) The objective of this project is to construct the knowledge-base necessary for good policy-making in the domain of refugee resettlement in the EU and its 27 member states, with an emphasis on: inventorying actual practices and identifying the best; enhancing consultation and cooperation between the different stakeholders; fostering the sustainable involvement of EU member states in the protection of refugees. Its rationale is to identify the ways in which refugee resettlement in the EU can be quantitatively extended and qualitatively improved. The ECRE (European Council on Refugees and Exiles, Brussels) is a partner in this project which is co-financed by the European Commission DG Home Affairs in the framework of the Refugee Fund Community Actions 2010.

Summer School on Mediterranean Migration and Development Since 2005, this yearly event has been co-organised with the University of Florence. Currently it is co-financed by the European Union with the support of Erste Group Bank and Unicredit & Universities. It offers advanced training in migration studies to professionals, administrators and researchers working in the field, focusing on the European Union and its neighbourhood. The School analyses the interactions of the regions of origin and the regions of destination; migration policies and the regulation of migration; and processes of integration. The School explores the critical elements of international migration, the integration of immigrants in the destination country, and the problems generated in the country of origin.

Other Work in Progress The Migration Policy Centre is a member of the African, Caribbean and Pacific Observatory on Migration, led by the International Organization for Migration. It coordinates two research studies on ‘Internal Displacement and Rights of the Displaced in Haiti’ and ‘Facilitation of Intra-Regional Labour Migration in the ECOWAS Region’. The first study aims to define the needs of Internally Displaced Persons in Haiti in the aftermath of the earthquake of January 2010, in terms of rights and human development. The second study examines labour migration within the Freedom Area of the ECOWAS and aims, in particular, at strengthening the labour migration components in development policies.

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Economic and Monetary Policy The development of the European Union carries with it important implications for the design and outcomes of economic policy. This is the case with the adoption of a single currency and a monetary policy in the Euro-zone, but also with regard to policy issues concerning taxation, regulation, labour markets, the welfare state and the environment. Our goal is to study economic policy issues relevant for the global economy, with particular attention to the old and new European economies. Our goal is to study economic policy issues relevant for the global economy, with particular attention to the old and new European economies.

An important aspect of the research is on international financial systems. The main focus is on monetary integration in an enlarged EMU under the auspices of the Pierre Werner Chair Programme on Monetary Union. We are also concerned with the transatlantic dimension and, more generally, issues in the stability and efficiency of the international financial system. Another main topic of research is economic stabilisation and the design of fiscal and monetary policy. An important question is to which the extent the European economies share a common business cycle; thus, the monitoring of developments in this field is a core activity. We also study public policy issues relevant for national economies and the international economy. These include longer-term, public-finance issues of taxation policy, pension reform, development and international environmental policy (e.g. markets for pollution permits). Particular attention is paid to the design of an efficient welfare state making use of the principles of mutual obligations and second-best economics. Our ambition is to carry out academic research with policy relevance for Europe and more broadly the global economy, promoting interaction among economists, lawyers, political scientists, sociologists and historians. Key faculty RSCAS: Elena Carletti, Giancarlo Corsetti, Youssef Cassis, Giovanni Federico, Giorgia Giovannetti EUI Departments: Massimiliano Marcellino (ECO)

Pierre Werner Chair Programme on Monetary Union Named in memory of Pierre Werner, one of the architects of economic and monetary union, this programme was established in 2002 with funding generously provided by the Luxembourg Government. Giancarlo Corsetti held the chair from September 2003 to September 2010, and Massimiliano Marcellino holds it from September 2011. The principal focus of the programme is on economic policy and the political economy of European monetary integration. The programme aims at identifying policy priorities consistent with the new European economic constitution, as well as factors that can foster economic growth and prosperity in a stable macroeconomic environment at both regional and global level. EUI faculty, post-doctoral fellows and researchers, and a range of external collaborators contribute to the programmeâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s activities. A key goal is pedagogical, with the production and promotion of texts clarifying the logic and mechanisms of European policies for non-specialists such as students, scholars and practitioners. In 2006, the programme launched a fellowship programme, sponsoring joint work by policy researchers and academics with an interest in carrying out research on EMU. The Pierre Werner Chair has also promoted two research projects in policy modelling and analysis at the European level, with a network of leading European academic and policy institutions. Collaboration with the European Central Bank and national monetary authorities has been intensified on policy issues raised by global imbalances, especially as regards the design of optimal monetary policy in a global world. In 2006, a long-term project on monetary and fiscal policy interac-

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tions was launched, involving a network of EUI alumni, promoting analyses of fiscal stabilisation policies at both theoretical and empirical levels. In 2010 and 2011 the Pierre Werner Chair has organised a number of activities aimed at understanding the sources, propagation mechanisms and consequences of the financial crisis, and the related policy responses. Further information: www.eui.eu/RSCAS/Research/Economy

European Forecasting Network The European Forecasting Network, ‘A Network of European Research Institutes for Forecasting and Policy Analysis in the Monetary Union’, was created to provide a critical analysis of the current economic situation in the Euro area, short-term forecasts of the main macroeconomic and financial variables, policy advice, and indepth study of topics of particular relevance for the working of the EMU. The network brings together the economic expertise of Departments of Economics (Carlos III, the European University Institute, University of Cambridge), the quantitative skills of Departments of Statistics and Econometrics (University of Barcelona, Carlos III), and the practical experience of research centres (CEPII and the Halle Institute for Economic Research). Each of them contributes in an original way to the development and to the release of analyses of the economic situation and outlook for the Euro area, in the form of quarterly reports. The network is coordinated at the RSCAS by Massimiliano Marcellino.

uropean Forecasting Network

Other Work in Progress Elena Carletti’s current projects concern the role of liquidity in financial crises, the functioning of interbank markets and central bank intervention, financial regulation and merger valuation. Furthermore, she is interested in African financial development as well as in the role of corporate governance for firm valuation. Youssef Cassis’ current work focuses on the historical background to economic and monetary policy, with projects on the history of global financial crises, and on the transformations of the international systems since 1945.

Giancarlo Corsetti, Panel on ‘The Euro and Global Economic Governance’, Festival of Europe 2011

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Competition Policy and Market Regulation

The RSCAS has long been at the forefront of research with regard to important developments in competition policy and the (ambivalent) role of regulation in creating or restraining competition.

Competition Policy is one of the pillars of the internal market and a centrepiece of the ‘Economic Constitution’ of the European Union. It is one of the Union’s success stories because it has increasingly focused upon ensuring that consumers benefit from competitive markets, in two ways. First by targeting cartels, restrictive practices, and abuses of market power by firms operating on the European market, and secondly by monitoring market regulation by Member States to ensure that it is compatible with the rules on free movement and with a system of open markets and undistorted competition more generally. The RSCAS has long been at the forefront of research with regard to important developments in competition policy and the (ambivalent) role of regulation in creating or restraining competition. This research concerns the fundamental issues of competition policy—its goals within the European Union, the underpinning legal and economic principles, the structure of legal rules—and covers the whole field ranging from anticompetitive agreements to rules regarding market power, merger control, competition rules addressed to the Member States, state aid rules and public procurement rules. In the area of market regulation, the topics dealt with by the Centre range from the legitimacy, structure, failure and successes of ‘regulation for competition’ that we observe in liberalised markets like energy and telecommunications, to the issue of ‘private regulation’ with its potentially problematic competitive effects, to market regulation in the area of corporate law and financial market rules. An important initiative in this field is the Florence School of Regulation, created in 2004 as a platform for examining issues of European regulation. Key faculty RSCAS: Matthias Finger, Jean-Michel Glachant, Adrienne Héritier, Giorgio Monti, Pier Luigi Parcu, Pippo Ranci EUI Departments: Fabrizio Cafaggi (LAW)

ROBERT SCHUMAN CENTRE FOR ADVANCED STUDIES

EUI Working Papers RSCAS 2011/35

ROBERT SCHUMAN CENTRE FOR ADVANCED STUDIES Florence School of Regulation

THE SURPRISING CONVERGENCE OF ANTITRUST AND REGULATION IN EUROPE

Florence School of Regulation (FSR) The Florence School of Regulation responds to the need for knowledge on best practices in the regulation of network industries. Since its creation in 2004 the FSR has been mainly active in the energy sector (gas and electricity). In 2009 it started activities in the area of communications and media and since April 2010 the FSR has been active in the area of transport. In addition to its directors and scientific advisors, the FSR is composed of two dozen researchers from all over Europe. It provides a European forum where academics, policy and business decision-makers, and regulators from different countries meet and debate. Its members produce up-to-date work on regulatory topics, and findings are regularly published in peer-reviewed journals, the FSR working papers series at the RSCAS, and elsewhere.

Pier Luigi Parcu

The objectives of the FSR are to promote informed discussion of key issues; to disseminate best practices; to foresee new challenges and to develop a common regulatory language and regulatory culture. It does so by organising policy workshops and conferences; providing state-of-the-art training for practitioners; and producing analytical studies in the field of regulation. During the academic year 2010/2011 the FSR organised about two dozen workshops and conferences in the area of energy, communications and media, and transport. Training courses have been organised in various formats (annual e-learning, summer schools, one-week intensive training courses, ad hoc training for the European Commission, national regulatory authorities and other partners of the FSR). Participants come from more than 50 different countries, including EU member states, but also countries in Southeast Europe and the Mediterranean basin.

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POLICY brief

On the web: http://fsr.eui.eu

The Florence School of Regulation Team - 2011

The FSR is also increasingly involved in regulation at the world level. The FSR manages the International Energy Regulation Network (IERN) that supports the ‘World Forum on Energy Regulation’. The first ever worldwide association of energy regulators (International Confederation of Energy Regulators, ICER) was created in autumn 2009 at the IVth World Forum, and is hosted at the FSR. The FSR also supports the Mediterranean Network of Energy Regulators (MedReg). The FSR is a partnership between the EUI-RSCAS, the Council of the European Energy Regulators (CEER), and the Independent Regulators Group (IRG), and the European Commission. It is directed by Jean-Michel Glachant who is also responsible for the FSR’s area on energy regulation. Pier Luigi Parcu directs the communications and media area, and Matthias Finger directs the area on transport. Financial support for the research activities of the School is provided by the generous contributions of 46 companies. The director of training is Professor Ignacio Pérez-Arriaga (research project leader at MIT). Professor Leigh Hancher (Tilburg University) is responsible for the FSR energy law area. Alberto Pototschnig (director of ACER) is responsible for FSR energy regulatory workshops.

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The Impact of Climate and Energy Policies on the Public Budget of EU Member States1 Authors: Luis Olmos, Sophia Ruester, Martina Sartori, Maria Grazia Pazienza, Pippo Ranci, Marzio Galeotti, and Jean-Michel Glachant Editor: Annika Zorn

Highlights – In the current context, where public budgets are overstretched due to the economic crisis, there is a pressing need to understand the fiscal implications of climate policies. Policies intended to achieve decarbonization will impact both sides of a country’s budget via changes in the tax levels and composition of taxes on the one hand, as well as transfer payments and direct investments on the other. – Back-of-the-envelope calculations – comparing net public revenues in 2020 for a Baseline and an Enhanced Policy scenario – show that the additional revenues from carbon pricing and the reduction in revenues from excise taxes on fossil fuels clearly dominate other direct and indirect effects of policies on public budgets such as the additional expenditures dedicated to RD&D targeting low-carbon technologies. – The aggregated net budget impact of all direct and indirect effects of new climate policies implemented in the Enhanced Policy Scenario on public budgets in 2020 for the EU-27 as a whole – given our simplyfying assumptions – amounts to additional net public revenues of about €12.6bn (0.09% in terms of the EU-27 GDP) under medium-level abatement costs. This makes a non-negligible impact which is nevertheless much lower than the impact on public accounts from changes in main macroeconomic variables over time. – Differences among Member States mainly depend on the additional revenues they will obtain from carbon pricing, which are driven by three main factors: the carbon intensity of the economy, which is positively correlated with the absolute value of the net budget impact of new policies; the share of non-ETS GHG emissions, which is positively correlated with the net budget impact; and the reduction in GHG emissions resulting from new policies, which is negatively correlated with this impact. – Countries most significantly affected, both positively and negatively, are among the “new” Member States in the EU-27. In contrast, the impact of new climate policies on large EU-15 economies would be generally positive and typically in line with average EU values. Therefore, authorities from the EU-15 may consider the option of sharing the economic burden of the transition to a low-carbon economy among EU countries, taking into account their economic strength.

1 Topic 4 of the EU’s FP7 funded project THINK. The project report is available at: http://think.eui.eu.

Florence School of Regulation The Florence School of Regulation (FSR) was founded as a partnership between the Council of the European Energy Regulators (CEER), the European Commission and the European University Institute (EUI) in 2004. The Florence School of Regulation dealing with the main network industries has developed a strong core of general regulatory topics and concepts as well as inter-sectoral discussion of regulatory practices and policies.

Florence School of Regulation Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies European University Institute Villa Malafrasca Via Boccaccio 151 50133 Firenze - Italy Contact FSR coordinator: Annika.Zorn@eui.eu

Further information is available at: http://fsr.eui.eu

Other Work in Progress Adrienne Héritier, jointly with David Coen, University College London, and Nikoleta Yordanova, University of Mannheim, works on the changes in regulatory policies (network utilities) in EU member states with a particular emphasis on the interaction between regulators and regulated firms. She is at present conducting a large survey of network firms of all sectors in all member states under the theme of ‘regulatory venue shopping’. The data have been collected and are at present being analysed and interpreted in the light of hypotheses on regulatory venue shopping. For about two years Adrienne Héritier, jointly with Yannis Karagiannis from the Institute for Advanced Studies in Vienna, has been conducting research on the regulation of civil aviation, in particular the emergence of regulatory transatlantic institutions in the field of civil aviation. The main focus is on the negotiation of an Open Skies Agreement between the EU and the US on the opening of aviation markets across the Atlantic. Giorgio Monti’s current projects span the entire range of competition law issues, including a study on the changing objectives of the competition rules of the EU and its Member States, and the implication for the development of substantive rules, a review of the application of state aid rules in the banking sector, and a comparative analysis of the discourses surrounding the regulation of dominant firms.

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Energy Policy and Climate Policy

Energy topics and climate change directly affect European citizens [...] At the RSCAS the Loyola de Palacio Chair, the THINK project and the Climate Policy Research Unit all contribute to the debate and research on a European energy policy and climate policy.

Energy topics and climate change directly affect European citizens—we all use energy in our daily lives and the type of energy used is a crucial element in fighting climate change. Common visions and actions are needed on a European scale to develop a secure, sustainable and competitive energy market. Comparative and interdisciplinary research on energy and climate policy from the European perspective is much needed. At the RSCAS the Loyola de Palacio Chair, the THINK project and the Climate Policy Research Unit all contribute to the debate and research on a European energy policy and climate policy. Key faculty RSCAS: Denny Ellerman, Jean-Michel Glachant, Pippo Ranci

Loyola de Palacio Chair in EU Energy Policy The Loyola de Palacio (LdP) Chair is the academic counterpart of the Florence School of Regulation—Energy. Created in October 2008, the Chair honours Loyola de Palacio (1950-2006), former Vice-President of the European Commission and EU Commissioner for Energy and Transport (1999-2004). The objectives of the Chair are to produce research, publications and discussion on European key energy policy issues such as EU market building, security of supply, climate change policy, and decarbonisation of EU economy and society. The LdP Chair organises its activities around five complementary lines of action. The first is the mapping of current EU energy policy research activities. The key tool here is the Working Paper series, which now includes more than 45 working papers from academics and practitioners from places such as MIT, Berkeley, Stanford, Cambridge, Madrid, and Leuven. The working paper series is supplemented by a ‘Loyola Series’ collection of books. Further, each year the Chair, together with the Florence School of Regulation, publishes the EU Energy Law and Policy Yearbook at Claeys & Casteels. The latest edition was published in April 2011. Secondly, the LdP Chair stimulates the quality of work by young researchers in the EU. The Chair promotes research seminars organised by a nexus of European universities associated informally in the ‘Young Energy Engineers & Economists Seminar (YEEES)’ and in the ‘European Ph.D. Gas Seminars’. The Chair also created two research prizes that were awarded for the first time in 2010 for the best Ph.D. dissertation and in 2011 for the best paper. Finally, the Chair runs a regular interdisciplinary seminar series, SCORE, a joint venture together with the FSR including the areas of energy, communications and media and transport where young researchers present and discuss work in progress. The Chair contributes to research in energy topics by organising series of workshops resulting in working papers, books, and articles in peer-reviewed journals. Jean-Michel Glachant is Chief Editor of the EEEP—Economics of Energy and Environmental Policy; Denny Ellerman has been appointed as co-editor of REEP—Review of Environmental Economics and Policy. Another activity is promoting EU Energy Policy Debates to define feasible options to improve EU Energy Policy. In 2009, the topic was ‘Towards a Smart EU Energy Policy’ and the ‘Schengening of EU Energy Policy’. In 2010 it was ‘EU Energy Network Regulation within Climate Change Policies’. 2011 is devoted to the ‘EU Gas Security of Supply Architecture’ while 2012 will lay the foundations for EU-Mediterranean energy exchange with a project on ‘Energy Law and Regulation in the Mediterranean Basin’.

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Loyola de Palacio ad hoc research groups undertake applied research on hot energy issues to produce ‘ready to use’ regulatory or policy principles. One group is ‘Incentive Regulation’, the other ‘Market Design’, both directed by Jean-Michel Glachant. The third one is the ‘Climate Policy Research Unit’ directed by Denny Ellerman, former Director research at MIT, a leading scholar in the field of emission trading schemes and author of the reference book Trading Carbon. The European Union Emissions Trading Scheme (Cambridge University Press, 2010). Fourthly, the Chair contributes to the EUI’s Global Governance Programme with its ‘Economics of Global Governance’ Area, directed by Eric Brousseau. Jean-Michel Glachant has held the Chair since its foundation in 2008. The Loyola de Palacio Chair is currently funded by seven European companies.

Energy Think Tank (THINK) THINK, a three-year project financed by the EU Seventh Framework Programme, provides knowledge support to policy making by the European Commission. THINK responds to the EC’s evolving needs on a semester basis and is organised around a Scientific Council of 24 experts. Depending on the topics addressed by the think tank, the experts function as project leader or advisor. Topics in the first semester (finished in 12/2010) were: ‘Public Support for the Financing of RD&D Activities in New Clean Energy Technologies’ and ‘Smart Cities Initiative: How to Foster a Quick Transition towards Local Sustainable Energy Systems?’. Topics in the second semester (finished in 06/2011) were: ‘Transition towards a Low Carbon Energy System by 2050: What Role for the EU?’ and ‘Impact of Climate and Energy Policies on the Public Budget of EU Member States’. Partner institutions include the European University Institute as a coordinator as well as University of Leuven, Comillas University of Madrid, Bocconi University, University of Budapest, Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei, Institute of Communication and Computer Systems, Technical University of Lodz, Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, University of Oslo, Berlin University of Technology, and Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale. Research team: Isabel Azevedo, Claudio Marcantonini, Leonardo Meeus, Luis Olmos, Sophia Rüster, and Jean-Michel Glachant.

http://think.eui.eu

Topic 4

The Impact of Climate and Energy Policies on the Public Budget of EU Member States

Final Report June 2011

Project Leader: Research Coordinator: Research Team:

Pippo Ranci Luis Olmos Maria Grazia Pazienza Sophia Ruester Martina Sartori Marzio Galeotti Jean-Michel Glachant

Project Advisors:

Christian von Hirschhausen Pantelis Capros

THINK is financially supported by the EU’s 7th framework programme

The Scientific Council of THINK (first semester)

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Climate Policy Research Unit The Climate Policy Research Unit (CPRU) has been established at the RSCA as part of the Loyola de Palacio Chair. It aims to be a reliable source of information and analysis on EU climate policy for policy-makers in government and industry and for researchers on climate policy not only across the EU, but globally. The establishment of this unit at the EUI recognizes •

the unique and increasingly important position of the European Union in the implementation of global climate policy

•

the widely recognized role of the EUI as a pan-European centre for policy-related research and discussions with policy-makers, and

•

the importance of ensuring that climate policy research takes full account of the effects of energy regulation and policy, which subject is the established domain of the Loyola de Palacio Chair.

The distinguishing feature of CPRU’s climate policy research is a focus on the evaluation of climate policies as they have been implemented in Europe, the only region of the world implementing serious climate policies that have been in effect long enough for meaningful assessment to be made. In particular, CPRU’s research concerns the problems in implementation, how climate policies interact with each other and other policy objectives, how effective these policies are in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and, not least, what they cost. The objectives of this research orientation are two-fold. First, within Europe, it provides the European policy-makers and the policy community at large of solid data, analyses, and assessments of existing policies. Second, outside of Europe, it leads to an informed understanding by other nations of the strengths and weaknesses of these pioneering European climate policies as these countries confront climate concerns and consider implementing similar measures. For further information and upcoming events please visit our website at: http://www.Loyola-de-Palacio-Chair.eu

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Global Governance Global Governance has become a key concept in many academic and policy debates. There is strong awareness nowadays that many issues have a global dimension, and cannot be effectively dealt with at the level of individual states or regional organizations.The world faces a myriad of increasingly complex issues, such as humanitarian crises and intervention, terrorism, conflict resolution and peace-building, poverty, climate change and instability in the international economic system. Resolving these issues requires the involvement of global players, ranging from private actors to intergovernmental organizations. At the RSCAS, the Global Governance Programme (GGP) addresses these issues, sharing knowledge and developing new ideas, and serving as a bridge between research and policy-making. In addition, the Centre also hosts a research team working on Development Policy.

The Global Governance Programme Within a range of domains, such as environment, trade, energy, financial markets, terrorism, and human rights, understanding the role of global governance is an increasing necessity for national, supranational and international actors. For Europe to play an important role in shaping global governance it is essential to strengthen and mobilise its existent critical mass on this subject. This is the purpose of the Global Governance Programme (GGP). The GGP aims to develop new ideas on current global challenges, share knowledge, serve as a bridge between research and policy-making, and promote the European perspective in shaping global governance.

The GGP aims to develop new ideas on current global challenges, share knowledge, serve as a bridge between research and policy-making, and promote the European perspective in shaping global governance.

To achieve these goals, the Programme focuses on crucial aspects and policy issues influencing global society, through multiple interrelated dimensions of policy, training and research. The GGP organises High-Level Policy Seminars (HLPSs), which convene leading academics and policy makers at the highest level, to discuss and bring to the table ideas and suggestions and address issues at the top of the international agenda. The 2011 HLPSs saw the participation of notable policy makers at an international and European level, in the topics of international trade and the Doha Round, the European and United States Counter-Terrorism Policies, and the aftermath of the 2007 economic crisis. Participants included Harold Hongju Koh (Legal Adviser of the US State Department), Stavros Lambrinidis (Vice-President of the European Parliament), Richard Barrett (Coordinator of the U.N. Al-Queda-Taliban Monitoring Team), Rufus H. Yerxa (WTO Deputy Director-General), Gilles De Kerchove (EU CounterTerrorism Coordinator), and VĂtor ConstĂ˘ncio (Vice-President of the European Central Bank). The Academy of Global Governance (AGG) is a unique executive training programme. It offers three and a half days of intensive and interactive training, a combination of theory and practice, targeted to the leaders of the future. Courses are taught by toplevel academics and practitioners from the EUI and other internationally renowned academic and research institutions, such as MIT, NYU, Princeton University, Oxford University, as well as from international organisations such as the UN, OECD, the European Commission and the Inter-American Development Bank. Among the scientific coordinators of the 2010-2011 AGG Executive Training Seminars were Martin Scheinin, UN Special Rapporteur on the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms while Countering Terrorism, and Nuno Severiano Teixeira, former Minister of Defence of Portugal.

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ISSUE 2011/2 – June 2011

webspace: www.globalgovernanceprogramme.eu

EUROPEAN AND UNITED STATES COUNTERTERRORISM POLICIES, THE RULE OF LAW AND HUMAN RIGHTS Authors1: Lisa Ginsborg, Martin Scheinin, Mathias Vermeulen Scientiﬁc Coordinator: Martin Scheinin The Global Governance Programme (GGP) was established to enhance the European perspective within the global governance debate.

HIGHLIGHTS Key European and United States policy-makers, high-level officials from the United Nations and from international NGOs, and leading academics in the field of international and counter-terrorism law met at the European University Institute on 15 March 2011, within the framework of the GGP, to discuss current approaches to counter-terrorism law, practice and strategy. The first part of the GGP High-Level Policy Seminar (HLPS) consisted of a transatlantic dialogue on legal issues in the fight against terrorism, with addresses by the Legal Adviser of the US Department of State, Harold Hongju Koh, and the EU Counter-Terrorism Coordinator, Gilles de Kerchove. The second part of the event consisted of focused discussions introduced by academics and clustered around four big themes: terrorist blacklisting, definitions of terrorism, detention, trial and the role of criminal law in the fight against terrorism, and finally the positions of the EU and the US in relation to counter-terrorism and the role of Islam.

The GGP’s goals are to develop new ideas on current global challenges, share knowledge, serve as a bridge between research and policy-making, and to promote the European perspective in shaping global governance. The Programme is part of the Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies of the European University Institute, a world renowned and truly European academic Institution. It receives ﬁnancial support from the European Commission through the European Union budget.

Lisa Ginsborg (lisa.ginsborg@eui.eu) is a PhD Researcher at the Law Department of the EUI, Mathias Vermeulen (mathias.vermeulen@gmail.com) is Research Fellow, at the EUI. Martin Scheinin is Professor of Public International Law at the Law Department of the EUI and served as UN Special Rapporteur on Human Rights and Counter-Terrorism. Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies

ROBERT SCHUMAN CENTRE FOR ADVANCED STUDIES

RSCAS Policy Papers RSCAS PP 2011/01

ROBERT SCHUMAN CENTRE FOR ADVANCED STUDIES Global Governance Programme

AN EU AGENDA FOR GLOBAL GOVERNANCE

Organised by Miguel Poiares Maduro

Participants in the Executive Training Seminar on Climate Governance

The Global Governance Programme covers multiple interrelated research areas and brings together senior scholars, fellows and researchers with strong and specialised expertise in globalisation and global governance issues, both from the EUI and from other top universities around the world. The Programme aims to foster synergies and develop high-quality research through a variety of research projects which produce publications on global governance from the perspective of human rights, regional integration, gender equity, global justice, economics of governance, and institutional choice. Through the Working Papers and Policy Papers, published in the Robert Schuman Centre series, the GGP intends to contribute to the debate underpinning some of the most relevant issues of the present time. Papers are the culmination of research or result from workshops and policy debates organised by the Programme. The GGP also produces Policy Briefs, aimed to provide hands-on background information and policy recommendations on the issues discussed, to policy makers and to a wider nonexpert audience. All GGP publications are available on the GGP website (www.eui.eu/ GGP/Publications.aspx) and on the Forum the Programme has launched to generate and further the debate on the issues covered (www.eui.eu/GGP/Forum.aspx). The GGP disseminates a biannual electronic newsletter (published in June and December) to keep its growing network updated on the Programme’s major events, activities and publications. To further augment debate and increase the knowledge and understanding of global issues the GGP has created the Global Governance Network. The Network is a dynamic virtual community of scholars, policy experts and institutions that promotes exchange of research, policy analysis and commentary among it members and to a broader audience of academics, policy makers, international organisations, private sector executives, and the media (http://network.globalgovernanceprogramme.eu/). Miguel Poiares Maduro is the Director of the Global Governance Programme.

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Development Policy With increasing globalisation and economic activity shifting to the East, the emerging markets have become very significant players in recent years. Countries such as Brazil, China, India, and South Africa, once developing countries themselves, are now large donors and many important lessons can be extracted from domestic best practices in social protection, the fight against inequality, trade policies etc. In this rapidly changing world, there is a need for innovative ideas, a fresh look at development issues and a clear shift in the development agenda: an agenda mainly generated in the developed world and “imposed” on the developing world cannot be used any longer. Against this background, the development group at the RSCAS has recently coordinated the European Report on Development 2009 (Overcoming Fragility) and 2010 (Social Protection for Inclusive Development). The Reports are the main outcome of the Mobilizing European Research for Development Policy initiative, promoted and financed by the European Commission and seven EU member states (Finland, France, Germany, Luxembourg, Spain, Sweden and the UK) with the aim of refining the EU vision on development and impacting on European policy on the basis of better knowledge, innovation and a common ground between the research community and policy makers. The first edition of the Report (ERD2009 – Overcoming Fragility) focused on various dimensions of State fragility, on its implications for development policy and on the approaches to tackle fragility in a context of increasing uncertainty and with a focus on Sub Saharan Africa. The second Report (ERD2010 - Social protection for inclusive development) examines the need and potential for expanding social protection, its feasibility, affordability and likely development impact. While the focus has been again on Sub Saharan Africa, a number of successful experiences in Latin America and South East Asia were reviewed with the aim of learning lessons on design, possible preconditions, and implementation of specific programmes. An important outcome of the two Reports was the network of contacts that resulted from conferences, commissioned papers, field research etc. The RSCAS team concentrated in particular on Sub Saharan Africa and the ‘young faces in economic development’, one of the most successful initiatives of the project, involving over 200 young researchers in Africa.

Information stand at the European Development Days, 2010 European Report on Development

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In the future it will be important to link the work of the development policy group with other projects at RSCAS. Future work will build on what was done for ERD and will keep the network alive by exploring three different research lines. Work will be based on rigorous research, but always keeping in mind the importance of crafting practical policy proposals to enhance the development debate. The first research and policy area is development finance, broadly defined to include domestic resource mobilisation as well as foreign aid and other external capital flows. At a time when some donors are unable or unwilling to honour their aid commitments in the aftermath of the economic and financial crisis of 2008-2009, when external capital flows are extremely volatile and often concentrated in some priority countries, there is a search for new windows of opportunity. The development team will work on aid effectiveness, analysing existing programs, monitoring donor innovations, and designing and promoting fresh approaches to deliver aid. More precisely, we plan to scrutinise new sources of development finance, such as those related to environmental taxation, currency transactions tax and new philanthropy among others. Against this new emerging landscape for financing development, the Development team at the RSCAS will try to take stock of what we have learnt so far in the broad field of development finance, delve deeper into the new modalities and mechanisms for financing development and take a fresh look at a broad range of policy issues. Furthermore, aid itself will be analysed with the aim of highlighting the inefficiencies and enhancing the possible synergies with other development policies and with the global governance of the world economy. Trade policy is another area of interest, which has many connections with global governance. Research will focus on how the trade policies of developed countries could be more supportive of poverty reduction and economic growth in developing economies. This work will aim at building a foundation for broad support for open trade policies in key developed and emerging markets. Analysis will focus on Sub Saharan Africa and its trade relations with Europe. Trade measures in goods and services will be reviewed, with special attention to the restrictions to services. Finally, we shall further pursue research on fragile states. Besides examining how developed countries can best assist fragile states (and their citizens) in the long run, providing stable and reliable funds, the research will aim at understanding the transition from immediate post-conflict assistance to longer-term development assistance. Furthermore, this strand of research will aim at integrating the two topics analysed for ERD 2009 and 2010, assessing whether it is possible to find an efficient way to provide social protection to fragile countries, which are most in need of it, but do not have a State capable or willing to supply it, and where budget support cannot be implemented for lack of political ownership and domestic administrative capacity.

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International and Transnational Relations of the EU The European Union as a political and social community is not an isolated entity but is part of, and interacts with, its larger environment. European states are confronted with internal and external challenges such as increasing religious activism and pressure on the functional and legal borders of the EU. Two new research projects Religiowest and Borderlands, funded by the European Research Council, study the impact of these challenges. The EU is a significant international actor; its external policies and those of its member states have major impacts on its neighbours and beyond. In recent years, the Centre has focused on the enlargement of the EU, the Mediterranean region, and transatlantic relations. The global trade regime, European foreign and security policies, and the EU as an international actor are also issues among our interests. The Centre runs a Mediterranean Programme and a Transatlantic Programme. Key faculty RSCAS: Stefano Bartolini, Bruno de Witte, Raffaella Del Sarto, Miguel Maduro, Olivier Roy, Pascal Vennesson EUI Departments: Marise Cremona (LAW)

Religiowest This project, for which Olivier Roy obtained an Advanced Investigator Grant from the European Research Council under the EU Seventh Framework Programme, aims to study how different western states in Europe and North America are redefining their relationship to religions, under the challenge of an increasing religious activism in the public sphere, associated with new religious movements (evangelicalism) and with Islam. Although each country starts from very different and specific contexts of the relationship between state, religion and public sphere, this move seems to lead to a more uniform perception of what the relationship should be. More importantly, it seems to lead to the use of a common paradigm of what a religion is, with the consequence of pushing religions, through a complex array of constraints (public order) and incentives (freedom of religion), to format themselves according to this common paradigm. But, due to the de jure or de facto separation of church and state, governments have little leverage on this process. It is made under a mix of social and political pressure (banning or not the visible signs of Islam for instance) and the promotion of a concept of freedom of religion more linked to the US common law tradition than to the European tradition of dominant or even established religions with close relations (even conflicting) with the state.

The Centre has focused on the enlargement of the EU, the Mediterranean region, and transatlantic relations. The global trade regime, European foreign and security policies, and the EU as an international actor are also issues among our interests.

BORDERLANDS: Boundaries, Governance, and Power in the European Unionâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Relations with North Africa and the Middle East Challenging the notion of Fortress Europe, this project investigates relations between the European Union and its southern periphery, as well as across the latter, through the concept of borderlands. This concept emphasises the disaggregation of the triple function of borders demarcating state territory, authority, and national identity inherent in the Westphalian model of statehood. This process is most visible in (although not limited to) Europe, where integration has led to supranational areas of sovereignty, an internal market, a common currency, and a zone of free movement of people, each with a different territorial span. The project explores the complex and differentiated process by which the EU extends its unbundled functional and legal borders to the socalled southern Mediterranean (North Africa and parts of the Middle East), thereby transforming it into borderlands. They connect the European core with the periphery

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through various legal and functional border regimes, governance patterns, and the selective outsourcing of some EU border control duties. The overarching questions informing this research is whether, first, the borderland policies of the EU, described by some as a neo-medieval empire, is a functional consequence of the specific integration model pursued inside the EU, a matter of foreign policy choice or a local manifestation of a broader global phenomenon. Second, the project addresses the political and social implications of these processes for the ‘borderlands’, along with the question of power dynamics that underwrite borderland governance, presuming a growing leverage of third country governments resulting from their co-optation as gatekeepers. While adopting an innovative approach, the project will thus re-examine the theory and reality of one of the most basic concepts in international relations, namely borders. Funded by the European Research Council (ERC) within the Seventh Framework Programme, this five-year project will start on 1 October 2011. It will be directed by Raffaella Del Sarto.

European Security and the European Union in World Politics Focusing on key theoretical issues and policy questions, this research domain deals with the issue of what constitutes European security, its dimensions and actors, and its transformations in a global context. We examine how, why, and to what extent states in Europe prepare and use their military power, the growing role of the EU in defence and security, and whether the EU has a grand strategy. The research project, ‘Security and Politics in the Global Village’ explores the ways in which security and politics interact and shape policies in Europe and in the US. An important aspect of this project deals with the changing utility of military power in an interconnected international system and an evolving political environment. We notably explore the changing character of armed conflicts, the ways in which transnational advocacy networks transform the civilian control of the military, and the alleged ‘Europeanisation’ of defence and security policies.

Participants, ‘High-Level Policy Seminar on European and United States Counter-Terrorism Policies, the Rule of Law and Human Rights’, organized by the Global Governance Programme

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The role of the European Union in world politics is our second major research area. We examine the European Union in international relations from a political science/ international relations perspective as well as from a legal perspective. We explore the coherence of the EU’s foreign policy, its institutions and instruments as well as the underlying worldviews of its main actors. Since 2004, the ‘Security Working Group’ provides a forum for interdisciplinary debate, through presentation of work in progress, exchange with policy-makers, as well as brainstorming on innovative work, and emerging security issues. The group encourages the cross-fertilisation of research in progress at the EUI, and strengthens the social science expertise in the field of security. This project is directed by Pascal Vennesson.

The Mediterranean Programme The Mediterranean Programme was inaugurated in 1999. It is mainly funded by private and public corporations, banks, and public authorities. The Programme focuses on the Euro-Mediterranean area, thus encompassing Southern Europe, the Middle East and North Africa, including the countries involved in the Barcelona Process, the Arabian Peninsula, Iran and Iraq. Currently, the Mediterranean Programme is concentrating its efforts on the study of relations between the European Union and the countries of the Middle East and North Africa. At the same time, it continues to enhance the creation of networks between the cultural and research institutes of the countries involved, offering a comfortable environment to establish, or strengthen, informal contacts between policy-makers and experts on both sides of the Mediterranean. The Annual Mediterranean Research Meeting, organised by the RSCAS since March 2000, is the main academic venue in Europe for scholars from Europe, the Middle East, and North Africa to discuss original research in the social sciences with focus on Mediterranean issues. The twelfth session, held from 6-9 April 2011 had 15 workshops. The thirteenth session will take place from 21-24 March 2012. The Mediterranean Programme is directed by Olivier Roy. Further information is available at: www.eui.eu/RSCAS/Research/Mediterranean Secretariat: mia.saugman@eui.eu

The Transatlantic Programme The Transatlantic Programme is dedicated to fostering the study of the transatlantic relationship, past and present. It conducts basic and policy-oriented research in an interdisciplinary setting, and aims to improve scholarly understanding of the forces that shape the transatlantic relationship and its role in global processes. Established in 2000, the Programme has been made possible by generous grants, first from British Petrol (BP) and later from the Republic of Ireland. The programme also received support from the US Mission to the European Union to bring American scholars to the Centre. The programme’s activities include hosting guest speakers, organising lecture series, workshops and conferences and publishing the results of these activities. Further information is available at: www.eui.eu/RSCAS/Research/Transatlantic

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Public Debate and Policy Advice One of the main goals of the Centre is to draw on its basic research for more policyoriented activities. The Centre contributes to various initiatives in order to disseminate the results of its research to a wider audience and co-operates with non-academic institutions to address current policy dilemmas.

Conferences The Centre regularly holds conferences, workshops and seminars together with public or private, international, European or national institutions. It also organises meetings for groups wishing to discuss topics related to their professional activities while benefiting from academic support and a ‘neutral’ environment. The Centre invites distinguished personalities to deliver keynote speeches or to participate in conferences and debate with the EUI community

Policy Papers and Policy Reports Most of the Centre’s programmes and projects periodically produce reports and working papers on scholarly and policy issues. These include Working Papers’ series in all the above mentioned fields, Research Reports, Analytical and Synthetic Notes, and ‘Proceedings’ from policy-maker and expert meetings, training sessions, and workshops. All papers and reports are freely accessible via internet.

Faculty Contributions Members of the Centre are regularly engaged with the work of European, international and national institutions, acting as consultants and/or producing reports, studies, policy briefs and the like. Elena Carletti has been a consultant for the World Bank (2008) and for the OECD (2009, 2010) and has participated in several policy roundtables at various central banks and international organisations such as the Financial Stability Board, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision and the Committee on the Global Financial System, on issues related to the reform of financial regulation. Jean-Pierre Cassarino wrote an analytical study commissioned by the Directorate General for Internal Policies at the European Parliament on readmission policies in the EU, and has given several interviews on migration issues and on Euro-Mediterranean relations to newspapers and radio. He has also run several training courses on labour migration, skills portability and migrants’ rights for practitioners and civil servants worldwide through training programmes organised by the International Training Centre of the ILO. He is a core member of the Migration Industry and Markets programme promoted by the Danish Institute for International Studies in Copenhagen, scientific advisor at the Rome-based Istituto Affari Internazionali and associate researcher at the Tunis-based Institut de Recherche sur le Maghreb Contemporain. Philippe Fargues has been a member of the Global Agenda Council on Migration of the World Economic Forum since 2008. He is regularly consulted by the European Union on migration issues. He is also consulted by French Ministries on migration issues in the framework of the Union for the Mediterranean (UpM). He is a founding member of the Researchers Alliance for Development, a World Bank network. Matthias Finger is a member of the Swiss Federal Commission on the Organisation of the Railway Infrastructure (2011-2012). He is also a member of the Swiss Electricity Regulator (ElCom).

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Giorgia Giovannetti presenting ERD findings at the European Development Days

Giorgia Giovannetti is an advisor to the president of the Italian Trade Institute (ICE, since 2002). She has been also advising the commissioner for development by participating in meetings on issues related to the recently published green paper. In the past year she has been actively involved in the dissemination of the European Report on Development and has participated in policy debates on development policies at the European level (European Commission, European Development Days). She has also participated in policy discussions held at the United Nations in New York and Tunis. She has been involved in a round table on the future of the South shore of the Mediterranean at the Festival dell’Economia in Trento. In the past, she has advised the Italian Treasury, the Italian Ministre of Foreign Trade, the Autorità per l’Informazione Statistica (Authority for Statistical Information and Data dissemination) and the Italian Foreign Affairs Minister. She has been scientific coordinator at the Fondazione Manlio Masi Laboratory on Internationalization of SME since March 2005. She is member of the OECD group on the evaluation of globalisation indicators. Jean-Michel Glachant was appointed member of the EU-Russia Gas Advisory Council of Commissioner Oettinger (EC) in 2011 as well as member of the Advisory Board of Thematic Area “Low Carbon Society” of the Joint Research Centre (EC). He has been in charge of organising an expert event on the topic cost allocation for DG Energy. He has been nominated chief - editor of Economics of Energy and Environmental Policy the new journal of the International Association for Energy Economics. He is or has been advisor of DG Energy on the external relations of the 2020 strategy of commissioner Oettinger, DG TREN, DG COMP & DG RESEARCH and of the French Energy Regulatory Commission (CRE) and of the German and Austrian regulatory authorities to conceive a Gas Target Model of the European Union. He is or has been coordinator or scientific advisor of several European research projects (SESSA, CESSA, Reliance, EU-DEEP, RefGov, TradeWind, Secure, Optimate, THINK, E-Prize). He is research partner of the CEEPR at MIT (USA), of the EPRG at Cambridge University and of EEI at the University of Leuven. Adrienne Héritier has written a non-paper on the implementation of the European External Action Services introduced under the Lisbon Treaty for the Constitutional Affairs Committee of the European Parliament.

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CARIM Meeting between Experts and Policymakers on Highly Skilled Migration (Beirut)

Miguel Poiares Maduro is regularly interviewed by Portuguese media on issues of justice and European affairs. He coordinated a report on the political system and another on the justice system at the request of one of Portugal’s major political parties. Massimiliano Marcellino is the Scientific Vice-Chair of the Euro Area Business Cycle Network, a group of over 1000 economists interested in studying economic fluctuations, financed by the European Central Bank and national central banks of the euro area countries and coordinated by the CEPR. He is also the coordinator of the European Forecasting Network, a network of academic institutions and research centres producing periodic reports on the economic conditions and policy issues in the euro area. He has worked as a consultant on a variety of macroeconomic and econometric topics for international organisations such as the IMF and the European Commission; for central banks including the ECB, the Bank of Italy and the Bundesbank; and for the national governments of Italy and Luxembourg. Giorgio Monti has given radio interviews to the BBC concerning ongoing competition law infringement proceedings brought by the European Commission. He has given presentations on issues regarding competition law and state aid law at conferences across Europe. Paolo Ponzano is a special advisor to the Vice-President of the European Commission Maros Séfçovic. In this function, he collaborated in the elaboration of the second book on the history of the European Commission (1973-1986). He has collaborated in a study for the Socialists and Democrats group of the European Parliament on “Legislating after Lisbon” (June 2010) and he has drafted a study for the European Youth Forum on the Lisbon Treaty’s provisions on Youth. Pippo Ranci has been president of the Italian Authority for Electricity and Gas (1996-2003) and vice president of the Council of European Energy Regulators (2000-2003). Recently, he has been consulted by the European Parliament and by the European Commission on energy policy issues. He has been involved in the activities of various European research projects (SESSA, CESSA, THINK) and think tanks (Astrid, Nôtre Europe). Olivier Roy has published articles in the New York Times, the New Statesman and Le Monde and has appeared on Belgian, British, Danish, and French radio amongst others. In March 2011 he participated in an advisory meeting with Baroness Ashton, High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy of the EU and First-VicePresident of the European Commission. 28

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Adrienne Héritier, Conference on ‘The State of the Union’, Festival of Europe 2011

Anna Triandafyllidou is frequently cited in international newspapers (New York Times, International Herald Tribune) and leading Greek newspapers (Kathimerini, Eleftherotypia) on topics of her expertise such as irregular migration from Asia and Africa to Europe as well as migrant integration. She has been frequently interviewed on Greek and other European radio stations including French International Radio (RFI) and Deutsche Welle. She has held an Oxford Debate in Athens together with Tariq Ramadan, Douglas Murray, and Melanie Philips on whether Athens should have its own formal mosque (or not?). She works as an expert evaluator for the European Commission, DG Research, European Research Council, European Science Foundation, The Norface Network, and the University of Milan. Together with her colleague Dr. Thanos Maroukis she was consulted by the Greek Parliament and the Greek Ministry of Labour on issues of irregular migration policy. Pascal Vennesson joined the Scientific Board of the French Ministry of Defence’s Institute of Strategic Research (Institut de Recherche Stratégique de l’Ecole Militaire - IRSEM). In 2009 and 2010, he was a team member of the European Report on Development in charge of the security-development nexus. Alessandra Venturini has collaborated with the OECD migration section, the European Commission Migration Programme, CEPR Migration Research programme, and the World Bank. She is a member of the TOM—Transnationality of Migrants (Marie Curie Research Training Network). As can be seen from the project descriptions under the core themes, many RSCAS projects and programmes have the explicit aim of contributing to public debate and policy advice. For example, in 2010 EUDO conducted several strongly policy-oriented projects (amongst others for the European Parliament, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Socialists and Democrats group of the European Parliament) and presented some of its activities to the European Parliament. In June 2011 EUDO organised a one-day intensive training for senior staff of the Group of the Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats in the European Parliament. The training was dedicated to an initial evaluation of the Lisbon Treaty one year after its entry into force, and the perspectives for the future. The Migration Policy Centre, ERD, the FSR and the Loyola de Palacio Chair in EU Energy likewise have policy-relevant objectives.

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Fellowships Jean Monnet Fellowships

selected topic that fits well

Through its Jean Monnet Fellowship Programme, the Centre offers fellowships to post-docs in an early stage of their academic career. These fellowships are awarded with a focus on the core research themes of the Centre. During their stay at the RSCAS, all fellows are assigned a professorial mentor. Fellows work on a selected topic that fits well within the overall research profile of the RSCAS, and they are expected to participate actively in the research activities of the Centre. In addition, their stay at the Centre should result in at least the publication of either a RSCAS Working Paper or a publication in a scientific journal or with an appropriate publishing house. Fellowships usually have a duration of 12 or 24 months. More information about eligibility and conditions can be found on the relevant web pages.

within the overall research

Calls for Jean Monnet Fellowship Applications

profile of the RSCAS, and they

The call for Jean Monnet Fellowship applications for the academic year 2012/13 closes on 25 October 2011.

During their stay at the RSCAS, fellows work on a

are expected to participate actively in the academic life of

The on-line application form for the academic year 2013/14 will be accessible from early July 2012 with a deadline of 25 October 2012.

the Centre and of the EUI.

For more information about Jean Monnet Fellowships, see: www.eui.eu/Servac/Postdoctoral/JeanMonnetFellowships E-mail: applyfellow@eui.eu Tel. + 39 055 4685 377

Marie Curie Fellowships The EUI is a host institution for European Commission-funded Marie Curie Fellows. Potential applicants for a Marie Curie Fellowship who would like to be hosted at the RSCAS should ensure the explicit support of one of the RSCAS faculty and express their interest through the EUI pre-selection procedure, which is announced on the EUI web site well in advance of the call deadlines set by the Commission. The RSCAS selection committee will assess which proposals fit with the RSCAS core research themes and then consider whether the EUI can act as the host institution for the applicant. If agreed, the EUI will co-ordinate the application process with the candidate. Deadlines to be checked on the European Commission CORDIS web site: http://cordis.europa.eu/fp7/dc/index.cfm EUI contact: Apply.MarieCurie@eui.eu Tel. + 39 055 4685 377

Other Externally Funded Fellowships Postdoctoral researchers with interests in the Centreâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s core research areas are also encouraged to apply to national or private funding schemes for which the EUI is an acceptable host institution and should contact the RSCAS before applying. RSCAS contact: Meilan.Goei@eui.eu Tel. + 39 055 4685 797

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Visiting Fellows There are opportunities for senior scholars who work in fields that fit within the research profile of the Centre to stay at the Centre as a Visiting Fellow, for example during sabbatical leave, or drawing on their own grant funding. We are particularly interested in applications from scholars working on the core research themes of the Centre whose application is supported by a member of the Centreâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s academic faculty. An on line application form is available on the RSCAS web site. The application deadlines for visiting fellowships for the academic year 2012/13 are 30 November 2011 and 30 April 2012. RSCAS contact: Meilan.Goei@eui.eu Tel. + 39 055 4685 797

Fellowship Application Deadlines Deadline for applications for Jean Monnet Fellowships for the academic year 2012/13: 25 October 2011 Deadline for applications for Jean Monnet Fellowships for the academic year 2013/14: 25 October 2012 Deadlines for applications for Visiting Fellowships for the academic year 2012/13: 30 November 2011 and 30 April 2012

RSCAS Fellows, 2010/11 cohort

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Publications and Web Effective dissemination of its high-quality research output is a key priority of the RSCAS. It is achieved through a dynamic publication policy and a versatile web site.

Publications

ROBERT SCHUMAN CENTRE FOR ADVANCED STUDIES

RSCAS Policy Papers RSCAS PP 2011/03

ROBERT SCHUMAN CENTRE FOR ADVANCED STUDIES Global Governance Programme

EUROPEAN AND UNITED STATES COUNTER-TERRORISM POLICIES, THE RULE OF LAW AND HUMAN RIGHTS

Organised by Martin Scheinin

ROBERT SCHUMAN CENTRE FOR ADVANCED STUDIES

EUI Working Papers RSCAS 2011/16

ROBERT SCHUMAN CENTRE FOR ADVANCED STUDIES

QUALITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATION: VERIFYING COMPLIANCE ALONG THE SUPPLY CHAIN

Dionisia Tzavara and Adrienne Héritier

Serial RSCAS publications include peer-reviewed Working Papers (90 papers in 2010) and occasionally Policy Papers and Distinguished Lectures. The RSCAS also produces RSCAS News, an electronic newsletter with information on major events, announcements, and research and publication news. Some of the major research projects at the Centre also publish serial publications, including the CARIM Research Reports and CARIM Analytical and Synthetic Notes, and FSR Reports on Workshop Proceedings. Other projects such as the Loyola de Palacio Programme on Energy Policy, EUDO and the Global Governance Programme publish their results as policy briefs, reports, e-books or in the above-mentioned RSCAS working paper series. In addition, monographs or edited books based on research conducted by professors and fellows at the Centre are published by some of the most prestigious academic publishers. In line with its open access publishing policy, RSCAS working papers, policy papers, distinguished lectures, and research project reports are available in full-text in the EUI Institutional Repository CADMUS, and can be browsed and downloaded either from the RSCAS publications web page (http://www.eui.eu/RSCAS/Publications/), or directly from CADMUS (cadmus.eui.eu). These web pages also provide complete bibliographical information on RSCAS-associated books, journal articles, chapters, working papers and reports not yet available electronically in full-text. The Centre also gives access via the web site to various project reports and conference handouts. The Centre is a founding member of the ERPA—European Research Papers Archive (eiop.or.at/erpa/), and links to some publications are also indexed in a number of partner sites, including REPEC and Google Scholar.

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Web Besides its corporate web site, the Centre manages various project web sites, including those of the European Report on Development (ERD), European Union Democracy Observatory (EUDO), New Modes of Governance (NewGov), PIREDEU, ACCEPTPluralism, MIREM and CARIM. Alongside the publications database, other searchable databases provide dynamic, upto-date information about the activities and the people of the Centre. The calendar of seminars and events is the best place to find information on any of the more than 200 events organised by the RSCAS each year—on site, elsewhere in Italy, and abroad. News and events can be followed via RSS or by subscribing to the various electronic newsletters and mailing lists. In addition to RSCAS News, Centre projects such as EUDO, CARIM, the Global Governance Programme, the Florence School of Regulation, the Migration Policy Centre, METOIKOS and ACCEPT-Pluralism also disseminate news and findings . The People database provides RSCAS affiliations and contact information for all RSCAS members, including visitors. It also includes links to extended CVs and personal home pages. The RSCAS web site offers the scientific community several free research tools, as ‘public goods’. Among the most recent are a 3-D Political landscape of the 30 European Countries produced as the output of the EU-Profiler; the various databases of legal documents, statistics and a wide bibliography on citizenship, constructed by the EUDO Observatory on Citizenship; and the various databases on migration of the CARIM and MIREM projects. The RSCAS has recently introduced interactive tools as Forums, Blogs and Social Networks to provide scholars with virtual places to discuss ideas and exchange information. The main examples are the EUDO Café, the Global Governance Programme Social Network and the EUDO Citizenship Forum. The Global Governance Programme and EUDO Citizenship websites also include a section with Video comments on relevant study topics or latest news.

RSCAS News - February 2011 Subscribe to the RSCAS Newsletter

February 2011

In this issue Editorial Research News Major Events Publications Announcements Staff News

Research News A European Research Council Advanced Investigator’s Grant has been awarded to Olivier Roy for the research project The (re)construction and formatting of religions in the West through courts, social practices, public discourse and transnational institutions (RELIGIOWEST). The project will be based at the RSCAS and have a duration of 4 years.

The implementation of a 2 yearproject co-funded by the EU EuropeAid Cooperation Office on Developing a Knowledge Base for Policymaking on India-EU Migration starts on 1 February 2011. The project will be directed by Philippe Fargues.

MEDIVA (Media for Diversity and Migrant Integration: Consolidating Knowledge and Assessing Media Practices across the EU) , a project financed by DG Home Affairs of the EU, started on 31 December 2010. The project is directed by Anna Triandafyllidou and will have duration of 18 months.

The ENTraNCE (European Networking and Training for National Competition Enforcers) project aims at promoting cooperation, networking and training of national judges in competition law. The project is based at the Florence School of Regulation, started in December 2010 and will have a duration of 18 months.

RSCAS News

Editorial by Miguel Maduro

The EUI Global Governance Programme Global governance has become the label under which global issues are increasingly being discussed. The term refers to a large variety of actors and both formal and informal institutional alternatives that correspond to emerging forms of governance at the regional and global level. As such, it is a difficult term to define. On the other hand, its success in academic and policy discourse may well result precisely from its capacity to embrace very different global phenomena and institutions. In spite of this, it can be said that the starting point of global governance is a growing recognition that an increased number of issues can no longer be governed at the state level. This leads to the emergence of transnational forms of governance... read the editorial Major Events

The inaugural conference of the Climate Change Unit of the Loyola de Palacio Chair took place on 4-5 November 2010.

Approaching European Democracy was the theme of the Dissemination Conference of EUDO, 18 – 19 November 2010, Brussels.

The European Report on Development 2010, Social Protection for Inclusive Development, was presented on 7 December 2010 during the European Development Days in Brussels.

CARIM organized a meeting of experts and policy makers on Genre et Migration dans les Pays du Maghreb et d’ Afrique Subsaharienne on 27 and 28 January 2011 in Bamako, Mali.

The Global Governance Programme organizes a high level policy seminar on International Trade and the Doha Round on 3-4 February and one on European and US counter-terrorism policy on 16 March. An executive seminar on Fighting Terrorism will take place from 16-19 March.

The annual Mediterranean Research Meeting takes place from 6 to 9 April.

Publications

Selected Policy Briefs, Policy Papers and Reports

http://www.eui.eu/DepartmentsAndCentres/RobertSchumanCentre/AboutRSCAS/Newsletter/201102.htm[11/07/2011 18:02:30]

A key feature of the RSCAS web sites is interactive support for our research activities and international events. This includes online registrations and restricted access pages enabling dissemination of material and information to ad hoc research networks or participants in RSCAS activities.

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Facilities and Support

Library collections include

The Centre is based in five historical buildings situated in the hills just outside Florence, Tuscany: the Convento di San Domenico, Villa Malafrasca, Villa La Fonte, Villa La Pagliaiuola and Villa Schifanoia. All working spaces are equipped with a personal computer and up-to-date research software and networking facilities. Information on other facilities and advice for housing, child care, and schools is available at: www.eui.eu/ServicesAndAdmin/Index.aspx

about 2,500 current printed journals and around half a million volumes in law, economics, history and civilization, and political and social sciences. Most of the Library’s holdings are on open access. Via its web pages the Library provides access to more than 12,000 electronic journals, bibliographic and statistical databases as well as

The Convento

many free web-based resources

The EUI Library

of particular interest for

Research at the Institute is supported by a first class Library and a team of experienced librarians and information specialists. The EUI Library is a ‘hybrid’ library, comprising both traditional resources – books, documents and journals on paper or in microform – and digital resources. The collections include about 2,500 current printed journals and around half a million volumes in law, economics, history and civilization, and political and social sciences. Most of the Library’s holdings are on open access. Via its web pages (www.eui.eu/Research/Library/Index.aspx) the Library provides access to more than 12,000 electronic journals, bibliographic and statistical databases as well as many free web-based resources of particular interest for research at the EUI. Users have a range of services at their disposal, all of which aim to put information within easy reach: on-demand acquisition of books, generous lending policies, fast document delivery services, interlibrary loan facilities, reference and training courses. Users can access the campus network with their laptops from many fixed access points throughout the Library and also through the wireless LAN.

research at the EUI.

The Historical Archives of European Union (HAEU) The Institute hosts the Historical Archives of the European Union Institutions, namely The High Authority of the ECSC, The Commission of the EEC (1952/82), The Council of Ministers (1952/72), The European Parliament (1952/82) except the Commis-

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sions of European Parliament (available until 1984), the Court of Auditors (1976/92), the Economic and Social Committee (1958/74) and the European Investment Bank (1958/2004), as provided according to the thirty years of delay of access rule. This unique collection (5500 linear meters) is supplemented by the archives of the OECD, ESA, and others. Many important European personalities and officials (Presidents of the European Commission and Commissioners) have donated their personal archives or special collections to the Archives. Relevant material deposited by pro-European movements such as the European Movement, the European Federalists Union, the Council of European Municipalities and Regions, The European League for Economic co-operation, The European Association of Teachers, and extracts from Member States national archives are also housed and consultable at the HAEU. From 2012 onward, all these collections will be housed in the new Archives repository, the prestigious Villa Salviati. See: www.eui.eu/ECArchives/EN

The EUI Language Centre The Language Centre offers courses designed to meet the academic, professional and social needs of the EUI research community. In September, a variety of intensive language courses are offered in English, French, German, Italian and Spanish. From October on, these courses continue on a less intensive basis, and some are aimed to prepare participants to sit official language certificates. Courses are free of charge for Jean Monnet Fellows, while partners are required to pay a small fee per course. Fellows are also entitled to submit a paper, prepared during their fellowship period, for language (English) revision. See: www.eui.eu/LINGUE

EUI Library - Top Floor Reading Room

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RSCAS People Director

Stefano Bartolini

Stefano Bartolini has directed the RSCAS since September 2006. He has taught at the University of Bologna (1976 and 2004), the European University Institute (1979 and 1994), the University of Florence (1985), the University of Trieste (1990), and the University of Geneva (1991). He was awarded the UNESCO Stein Rokkan Prize for the Social Sciences in 1990, the Gregory Luebbert APSA Prize in Comparative Politics in 2001, and the best book prize of the European Politics section of the APSA in 2002. His research interests have focused on Western European political development, comparative methodology, political institutions and European integration. He has published in the fields of French and Italian politics, presidentialism and institutional reform, political parties, and European electoral history and electoral behaviour. His most recent books include The Class Cleavage. The Electoral Mobilisation of the European Left 1880–1980 (Cambridge, 2000); Maggioritario finalmente? La transizione elettorale 1994–2001 (Bologna, 2002) and Restructuring Europe. Centre Formation, System Building and Political Structuring between European Integration and the Nation State (Oxford, 2005).

Faculty

Jean Blondel

Elena Carletti

Jean-Pierre Cassarino

Jean Blondel, professor emeritus at the EUI, won the Johan Skytte Prize in Political Science 2004. He became professor of political science at the EUI in 1985 and was an external professor from 1994 to 2000. He set up the Department of Government at the University of Essex in 1964 and co-founded the European Consortium of Political Research. His field is comparative politics. He was recently awarded honoris causa doctorates from the University of Macerata (2007) and the University of Siena (2008). Elena Carletti holds a joint chair in the Economics Department and the RSCAS. She is also Research Fellow at the Centre for Economic Policy Research, Extramural fellow at Tilburg Law and Economics Center, Fellow at the Center for Financial Studies and at the Wharton Financial Institutions Center. Her main areas of interest are financial intermediation, financial crises, financial regulation, corporate governance, industrial organisation and competition policy. She has published numerous articles in leading economic journals, including the Review of Financial Studies, Journal of Financial Economics, Journal of Monetary Economics, Journal of Accounting and Economics, and the Journal of Financial Intermediation. Professor Carletti recently co-edited a book with Franklin Allen, Jan Pieter Krahnen and Marcel Tyrell on Liquidity and Crises (Oxford University Press, 2011). She has worked as consultant for the OECD and the World Bank and participates regularly in policy debates and roundtables at central banks and international organisations. Jean-Pierre Cassarino, part-time professor at the RSCAS, is a political scientist who has been working on labour migration issues, particularly as applied to the Euro-Mediterranean area, for more than twelve years. He directed the MIREM project (Return Migration to the Maghreb) at the RSCAS and is currently coordinating the CRIS project. He is scientific advisor at the Istituto Affari Internazionali (IAI) in Rome and was previously senior programme officer at the International Training Centre of the International Labour Organisation in Turin. His research interests focus on patterns of international cooperation and state sovereignty as applied to the ‘management’ of international migration and asylum. He is most interested in analysing policy design and implementation as well as how policy transfers are administered through pro-

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cesses of bilateral and multilateral consultations mobilizing countries of destination, transit and origin. Selected recent publications include: ‘Readmission Policy in the European Union: Drivers and Implications for Human Rights Observance’, DG for Internal Policies, Brussels, European Parliament, 2010; ‘Rethinking the EU’s Med Policies Post-1/11’(with Nathalie Tocci), IAI Working Papers 11/06, Rome, IAI, 2011; and Unbalanced Reciprocities: Cooperation on Readmission in the Euro-Mediterranean Area, Washington, D.C., Middle-East Institute, 2010’ Youssef Cassis holds the joint chair in economic history with the RSCAS and the Department of History and Civilization. He was Professor of Economic and Social History at the University of Geneva, Switzerland (2004-2011) and Professor of International Economic History at the University Pierre Mendes France in Grenoble, France (1997-2004). He also held a long-standing research fellowship at the LSE and has been a visiting professor at the Graduate Institute for International and Development Studies in Geneva, the Cass Business School in London, and the University of St. Gallen. His work focuses on banking and financial history, as well as business history more generally. He has coordinated an international research project on ‘The Performance of European Business the Twentieth Century’. His most recent books include Capitals of Capital: A History of International Financial Centres, 1780-2005 (Cambridge University Press, 2006, 2nd revised edition 2010), and Crises and Opportunities: The Shaping of Modern Finance (Oxford University Press, 2011). Bruno de Witte is part-time professor at the RSCAS, in combination with his position of Professor of European Union Law at Maastricht University. He was Professor of European Union Law in the EUI Law Department from 2000 to March 2010. During that time, he also held a joint chair at the RSCAS from 2000 to 2006, within the framework of which his main research field was European constitutionalism and the reform of the European Treaties. He co-directed the EUI Academy of European Law from 2001 until 2010, and was EUI Dean of Studies from 2005 to 2008. At the RSCAS, he will continue the Centre’s traditional line of research on the institutional law of the European Union, in the new context created by the entry into force of the Lisbon treaty. Denny Ellerman is the director of the Climate Change Policy research unit and parttime professor at the RSCAS. Prior to this he was a senior lecturer at MIT’s Sloan School of Management, where he was for many years executive director of the Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research and the Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change. He is an internationally recognised expert on energy and environmental economics with a particular focus on climate policy, emissions trading, and interactions with energy markets. He has co-authored leading books on the US SO2 and the EU CO2 Allowance Trading Programs: Markets for Clean Air: The US Acid Rain Program and Pricing Carbon: The European Emissions Trading Scheme. Prior to his position at MIT, he spent 18 years in Washington, D.C., working for the US Government (primarily the Department of Energy and its predecessors), the National Coal Association, and Charles River Associates, an economic consulting firm. In 1990, he was president of the International Association for Energy Economics. He has a Ph.D. in political economy and government from Harvard University. Philippe Fargues is a sociologist and demographer and Director of the Migration Policy Centre at the RSCAS. He has been Director of the Center for Migration and Refugee Studies at the American University in Cairo, senior researcher at the French National Institute for Demographic Studies in Paris, visiting professor at Harvard, Di-

Youssef Cassis

Bruno de Witte

Denny Ellerman

Philippe Fargues

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rector of the Centre for Economic Legal and Social Studies (CEDEJ) in Cairo, and research fellow and lecturer in various universities in Europe, Africa and the Middle East. His research interests include migration and refugee movements, population and politics in Muslim countries and demographic methodologies. His most recent publications include Mediterranean Migration – Report 2008/2009; ‘International Migration and the Demographic Transition: a Two-Way Interaction’ (International Migration Review, 2011); ‘Migration et identité: le paradoxe des influences réciproques’, (Esprit, 2010); ‘Work, Refuge, Transit: An Emerging Pattern of Irregular Immigration South and East of the Mediterranean’ (International Migration Review, 2009); and ‘Emerging Demographic Patterns across the Mediterranean and their Implications for Migration through 2030’ (Migration Policy Institute, 2009). Matthias Finger

Giorgia Giovannetti

Jean-Michel Glachant

Matthias Finger is director of the Transport Area of the Florence School of Regulation. He holds a Ph.D. in political science from the University of Geneva and has been an assistant professor at Syracuse University (New York), an associate professor at Columbia University (New York), Professor of Management of Public Enterprises at the Swiss Federal Institute of Public Administration and, since 2002, Professor of Management of Network Industries at the Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale in Lausanne, Switzerland. He is also a member of both the Swiss railways and Swiss electricity regulatory authorities. His main research interest is on the liberalisation, re-regulation, and governance of infrastructures in the transport, energy, and communications sectors. He is the co-editor-in-chief of the Journal Competition and Regulation in Network Industries. Giorgia Giovannetti is full professor of Economics at the University of Florence and part time professor at the RSCAS where she has been project director of the First and Second European Reports on Development (for the European Commission and Member States, October 2008- March 2011). She holds a Ph.D. in economics from the University of Cambridge and previously held positions at the Universities of Cambridge (Trinity College) and Rome. She has been visiting professor at Universitat Pompeu Fabra (Barcelona) and is visiting professor at New York University in both New York and Florence. She has been working extensively on development issues (social protection and countries in situation of fragility in sub Saharan Africa, foreign direct investments and growth), on the link between trade and foreign direct investments in developed as well as developing and emerging countries, on international economic policy and on firms’ dynamics. She has published articles in the European Economic Review, the Review of Economic Dynamics, and Review of Financial Development as well as in collected books and international series of working papers. She directed the Research Centre of the Italian Trade Institute (2005-2007) and has been advising its President for the past 5 years. She has also been an advisor for the Italian Treasury and the Ministry of Foreign Trade. She is the scientific coordinator of the Fondazione Manlio Masi, observatory on the internationalisation of small firms. Jean-Michel Glachant is Director of the Florence School of Regulation and Holder of the Loyola de Palacio Chair. He was appointed full Professor in Economics at La Sorbonne in 1999 and in 2000 became Head of the Department of Economics at the University Paris Sud. He is or has been advisor of DG TREN, DG COMP, DG RESEARCH and DG ENERGY at the European Commission and of the French Energy Regulatory Commission (CRE). He is or was coordinator or scientific advisor of several European research projects such as THINK, SESSA, CESSA, Reliance, EUDEEP, RefGov, TradeWind, Secure, Optimate. He is research partner of the CEEPR at the MIT in the US, of the EPRG at Cambridge University, of the EEI at the University

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of Leuven. He is chief-editor of EEEP: Economics of Energy and Environmental Policy, the new journal of the International Association for Energy Economics. At Paris Sud he founded a European master ‘Erasmus Mundus’ called EMIN (Economics and Management of Network Industries). Adrienne Héritier is Joint Chair in Comparative and European Public Policy in the RSCAS and the SPS Department since 2003. She was a director of the Max Planck Project Group for ‘Common Goods: Law, Politics, and Economics’ in Bonn from 1999 to 2003. Before that, from 1995 to 1999, she held a chair in public policy at the EUI. She is a member of the Berlin Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities and a member of the Academia Europea. In 1994, she was awarded (jointly with Helmut Willke) the Gottfried-Wilhelm-Leibniz Prize for research by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. Her research focuses on European policy-making, comparative public policy, European decision making processes, theories of institutional change and deregulation and re-regulation and new modes of governance. She is a member of the Executive Committee of the European Union Studies Association. Miguel Poiares Maduro was Advocate General at the European Court of Justice. Since October 2009 he has held the Joint Chair in European Law with the RSCAS and the Department of Law, and he directs the Global Governance Programme. He also teaches at Yale Law School and the College of Europe. He was a professor at the law school of the Universidade Nova de Lisboa and external professor at the London School of Economics. He was the first winner of the Rowe and Maw Prize and winner of the Prize Obiettivo Europa (for the best Ph.D. thesis at the EUI). He is co-director of the Academy of International Trade Law (Macao). He is on the editorial or advisory boards of several law journals, including the European Law Journal and the Common Market Law Review. Recent publications include A Constituição Plural – Constitutionalismo e União Europeia (Lisboa, Principia, 2006) and The Past and Future of EU Law (co-edited with Loic Azoulai, Oxford, Hart Publishing, 2009). He has been honoured by the President of the Portuguese Republic with the Order of Sant’Iago da Espada for literary, scientific and artistic merit. He was awarded the 2010 Gulbenkian Science Prize. Massimiliano Marcellino holds the Pierre Werner Chair on the European Monetary Union. He is on leave from Bocconi University where he is professor of econometrics and he is also a fellow of the Center for Economic Policy Research and Scientific Vice Chair of the Euro Area Business Cycle Network. His main areas of research and teaching are applied macroeconomics and econometrics and he has published a large number of academic articles in leading international journals in these fields. He is currently an editor of the Journal of Forecasting and the coordinator of the European Forecasting Network. He has worked as a consultant for the European Central Bank, several National Central Banks, the European Commission, Eurostat and the International Monetary Fund. Giorgio Monti, at the EUI since September 2010, holds the Joint Chair in Competition Law with the RSCAS and the Law Department. He has spent the majority of his academic life in the UK, holding positions at the University of Leicester (1994-2001) and the London School of Economics (2001-2010), where he has taught a wide range of courses, including competition law, the English law of contract and tort, and EU law. His previous research has spanned a wide range of fields but has recently focused on competition law. He is the author of EC Competition Law (Cambridge University

Adrienne Héritier

Miguel Maduro

Massimiliano Marcellino

Giorgio Monti

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Press, Law in Context Series, 2007). At the EUI his research will concentrate on three fields: the nature of competition law from theoretical perspectives and linking these to the practical application of the law; the laws of state aid and in particular their application during the financial crisis, and the relationship between competition law and utilities regulation.

Pier Luigi Parcu

Paolo Ponzano

Pier Luigi Parcu has been Communications and Media Area Director of the Florence School of Regulation since September 2009. He also chairs a consultancy firm specialised in antitrust and regulatory issues. From 2000 to 2003, he was CEO of the Independent System Operator running the Italian electricity grid. In the 1990s he was Director of Investigation at the Italian Competition Authority. Previously, he was Chief Economist at the Italian Security and Exchange Commission and an economist at the International Monetary Fund. He holds a Ph.D. in economics from the University of California, Los Angeles. His research in the area of industrial organisation and law and economics focuses on the interaction between regulation and antitrust in shaping firms’ behaviours in network industries. Paolo Ponzano is a senior fellow at the RSCAS and a special adviser of the European Commission. Former collaborator of Altiero Spinelli at the Institute for International Affairs in Rome, he has worked for the European Commission from 1971 to 2009. He was formerly Director for Relations with the Council of Ministers, subsequently for Institutional Matters and Better Regulation. He was also Alternate Member of the European Convention in 2002/03. He has published around 40 articles in several European journals, such as the Revue du Droit de l’UE, Il Diritto dell’Unione europea and the Review of European Affairs as well as a chapter on the ‘Institutions of the EU’ in Genesis and Destiny of the European Constitution (Bruylant, 2007) and a chapter on the European Parliament’s powers in the book 50 years of European Parliament (19582008). He teaches European Governance and decision-making at the University of Florence and at the European College of Parma. Pippo Ranci is part-time professor in the Florence School of Regulation. He directed the Florence School of Regulation from its inception until September 2008. He is a professor at the Università Cattolica in Milan. He has been president of the Italian Regulatory Authority for Electricity and Gas (1996-2003), a co-founder and vice president of the Council of European Energy Regulators (2000-03), and often a consultant to the Italian government (1972-93) on issues of economic policy. His research interests and publications are in regulation, industrial and energy policy, and non-profit organisations.

Pippo Ranci

Olivier Roy

Olivier Roy holds the Joint Chair in Mediterranean Studies with the RSCAS and the Department of Social and Political Sciences. He has been a senior researcher at the French National Centre for Scientific Research, a professor at the Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales and a visiting professor at the University of California, Berkeley (2008-2009). He headed the OSCE’s Mission for Tajikistan (1993-94) and was a consultant for the UN Office of the Coordinator for Afghanistan (1988). His field work included Political Islam, Middle East, Islam in the West and comparative religions. He received an Agrégation de Philosophie and a Ph.D. in Political Sciences. He is the author of Globalized Islam (University of Chicago Press), 2004, and more recently of La Sainte Ignorance (Seuil 2008), which has been translated into English (Holy Ignorance, Columbia University Press), Italian (Santa Ignoranza) and German (Heilige Einfalt). He is presently working on ‘Islamic norms in the public sphere’ and on the globalization of religions.

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Anna Triandafyllidou, part-time professor at the RSCAS, is also a senior research fellow at the Hellenic Foundation for European and Foreign Policy (ELIAMEP) in Athens and a visiting professor at the College of Europe in Bruges. She has held teaching and research positions at the University of Surrey (1994-95), London School of Economics (1995-97), Consiglio Nazionale per le Ricerche in Rome (1997-99), New York University (2001), Bristol University (2001-02) and Democritus University of Thrace (2007-2010). During the last ten years she has coordinated over 10 international research projects at the EUI and in ELIAMEP in the field of migration and European integration. Her recent publications include The European Public Sphere and the Media (with R. Wodak and M. Krzyzanowski, Palgrave, 2009), Migration in 21st Century Greece (with T. Maroukis, 2010, Kritiki, in Greek), Muslims in 21st Century Europe (2010, Routledge), Irregular Migration in Europe: Myths and Realities (2010, Ashgate) and European Multiculturalism(s) (with T. Modood and N. Meer, 2011, Edinburgh University Press). What is Europe? (with R. Gropas), and Migrant Smuggling. Irregular Migration from Africa and Asia to Europe (with T. Maroukis) are both forthcoming with Palgrave in 2012. Pascal Vennesson holds the Joint Chair in Security in Europe with the Department of Social and Political Sciences. He received his Ph.D. from the Institute of Political Studies of Paris (Sciences-Po) in 1992 and was a fellow at Stanford University’s Center for International Security and Arms Control, at the Mershon Center, Ohio State University, and a research associate at the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, the John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University. As professeur agrégé des universités (tenured full professor), he has taught at the University Panthéon-Assas, Paris II since 2000. He is a member of the editorial board of the Revue Française de Science Politique and Security Studies. His main research interests are: international security, strategy and policy, the changing characters of war and the European Union as an international actor. He recently published ‘War Without the People’ in The Changing Character of War (OUP, 2010), as well as articles in the European Foreign Affairs Review and in New Global Studies. Alessandra Venturini is the executive director of the Consortium for Applied Research on International Migration (CARIM), and Professor of Political Economy at the University of Turin. She holds a Ph.D. in Economics from the EUI, and held professor positions at the Universities of Florence, Bergamo, and Padova. She has also held visiting positions at Brown University, the Institute of Development Studies (Sussex University), and the International Institute of Labour Studies at the ILO in Geneva. She has collaborated with the OECD migration section, the European Commission Migration Programme, CEPR Migration Research programme, and the World Bank. She is a fellow at the IZA, CHILD, FIERI, and member of IMISCOE. Her research interests are in Labour Economics, with a focus on the effects of migration and on foreigners’ assimilation in the destination country, on the effect of remittances and high skilled migration in sending countries and on circular and irregular migration and she has published extensively on these subjects.

Anna Triandafyllidou

Pascal Vennesson

Alessandra Venturini

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Fellows and Visitors Academic Year 2011/12 Jean Monnet Fellows 2011/12 Alessandra Arcuri, Erasmus University, The Public Dimensions of Private Regulatory Regimes in the Area of Social Regulation (Global Governance Programme) Philip Bajon, EUI, ‘Talking Europe’. The Transformative Power of Ideas and Discourse in the Erosion of the European Veto-Culture 1966-86 (Vincent Wright Fellowship in Comparative History) Rosa Julieta Castro, Banca Intesa SanPaolo, Governing Global Health: Access to Biomedical Patents and Materials (Global Governance Programme) Cristina Dallara, University of Bologna, Transnational Judicial Networks (TransJudNets): New Actors for a Global Governance of Justice? A Focus on the Venice Commission (Global Governance Programme) Szabolcs Deak, Bocconi University, Asymmetric Effects of Fiscal Policy Shocks: The European Experience (Pierre Werner Chair) Marc Devore, University of St. Gallen, Arms Production in a Global World: Multinational Corporations, International Organizations and the New Face of Security Governance (Global Governance Programme) Jelena Dzankic, University of Edinburgh, The Unbearable Lightness of Europeanisation: Extradition Policies and the Erosion of Sovereignty in the Successor States of the Former Yugoslavia Marta Fraile, CSIS Madrid, Mass Media, Political Knowledge and Electoral Behaviour: Testing the Media Effects Luc Fransen, University of Amsterdam, Coordination Programs in Transnational Private Governance Fields: A Solution to Private Regulatory Competition? (Global Governance Programme) Carine Germond, Maastricht University, Farmers in Brussels: Agricultural Interests and the Non-Reform of the Common Agricultural Policy, 1967-1992 Angelica Gianfreda, University of Verona, Empirical Analysis of Market Power in Electricity Markets: The Case of Italy (FSR) Michelle Hallack, University of Paris Sud XI, How Can an Evolving Gas Supply Portfolio Influence the Efficiency of Gas Network Regulation? (FSR) Oleg Korneev, CERI/Sciences Po, Pushing the Burden to the East and Even Further? Co-opting Russia for the EU Migration Management Strategy and Its Consequences for Central Asia (CARIM EAST)

Gregoire Mallard, Northwestern University, Observing Treaty Negotiations in Practice: The Creation of a Regional Nuclear Fuel Cycle in the Middle East (Global Governance Programme) Nadia Marzouki, EUI, Conversions, Religious Change and Public Policy in the Mediterranean World Duncan McDonnell, University of Turin and University of Birmingham, Eurosceptic Populist Parties and Supranational Representation: The Front National, Lega Nord and Sinn Féin in Comparative Perspective (Vincent Wright Fellowship in Comparative Politics) Andrea Renda, CEPS, The Interface between Private Regulation and Ex Ante Policy Appraisal (Global Governance Programme) Torben Stühmeier, University of Düsseldorf, Regulation of Public Service Broadcasting: Effects on Competition and Welfare (FSR) Giuseppe Telesca, ‘Foreign Business’ versus ‘Foreign Policy’: The Entangled Dilemma of Three European Large Banks at the Sunset of the ‘First’ Globalisation Willem Bastiaan Van Bockel, EUI, The Value of Competition Law in the EU Silvester Van Koten, EUI, Issues in the Regulation of the EU Energy Markets and the ETS for Emission Permits (Loyola de Palacio Programme) Miguel Vazquez, Universidad Pontificia Comillas, Investment in Power Generation: Interaction between Markets and Regulation (FSR) Tong Wang, Toulouse School of Economics, Net Neutrality Regulation on a Multi-tier Network (FSR)

Marie Curie Fellows 2011/12 Christian Kaunert, University of Salford, Agencies in the EU Area of Freedom, Security and Justice: Frontex, Europol and Eurojust Sabrina Marchetti, Utrecht University, Circular Migration and Home Care? The Case of Romanian and Ukrainian Home Care Workers in Northern Italy

EU Fellows 2011/12 Katrin Huber, European Parliament, The EP as a Negotiator in Co-decision

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Research Assistants and Research Fellows with at least a Eirik S. Amundsen, University of Bergen and University of half-time contract (as of 1 September 2011) Visiting Fellows (as confirmed in September 2011)

Copenhagen, Energy Economics, Energy Policy, Energy Regulation

Alberto Asquer, University of Cagliari, Competition and Regulation of Maritime Transport Federica Bicchi, London School of Economics and Political Science, Focus on the Impact of the European External Action Service on Current Practices of Foreign Policy Decision Making Simon Cottee, Bangor University, The Subjective Experiences and Challenges of Muslim Apostates in Britain Tomás De la Quadra, Autonomous University of Madrid, Free Movement and Social Rights Aurélie Gfeller, Making Europeans: The Transformative Powers of the European Parliament, 1969 – 1986 (FNS Fellowship) Chantal Lavallée, University of Québec, Between Innovations and Resistances: The Role of the European Commission in the European Security Governance (FQRSC Fellowship) Eleonore Lépinard, University of Montreal, EU Law and the Constitutional Politics of Minorities in France Giorgio Natalicchi, University of Florence, Internal and External Frontiers of EU’s Regulatory Authority Maria Alessandra Rossi, University of Siena, Impact of Public Policies on Broadband Penetration Pascal Sciarini, University of Geneva, L’impact de l’européanisation sur la politique suisse José A. Tavares, New University of Lisbon, The Relationship between Capitalism and Democracy in Post-Industrial Societies Anne Thies, University of Reading, International Trade Disputes and EU Liability

Nicole Ahner, LdP Pia Alessi, EUDO Pasquale Annicchino, RELIGIOWEST Myrssini Antoniou, FSR and RSCAS Isabel Azevedo, THINK Francesco Barbieri, CARIM Pal Belenyesi, FSR Valentina Bettin, EUDO Ernesto Bonafe, FSR Davide Calenda, CRIS Eleonora Carcascio, GGP Michael Cuomo, LdP Silvia Dell’Acqua, GGP Anna Di Bartolomeo, CARIM Aleksandra Djajic, RSCAS Claire Gavard, CPRU Paula Gori, FSP Xian He, THINK Arthur Henriot, FSR Martin Holterman, FSR Thibaut Jaulin, MPC Tamara Jonjic, EUDO Haikel Khalfallah, LdP Zacharoula Kouki, ACCEPT Karthryn Lum, CARIM Shushanik Makaryan, CARIM Sergo Mananashvili, CARIM Antonio Manganelli, FSR Claudio Marcantonini, THINK Leonardo Meeus, THINK Emanuela Michetti, FSR Magdalena Mos, FSR Delphine Perrin, MPC Andrea Rosa, FSR Alessandro Rubino, FSR Sophia Ruester, THINK Yulia Rychalovska, PWC Chiara Scarselli, FSR Francesca Scotto, RSCAS Guido Tintori, EUDO Iryna Ulasiuk, MEDIVA Gaby Umbach, GGP Francesca Pia Vantaggiato, FSR Agnieszka Weinar, CARIM Annika Zorn, FSR

FSR Research Assistants, Fellows and Staff 2011 43

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Administrative Staff

Contact Information

Academic Administrator: Mei Lan Goei

Direction and Administration

Admin. Coordinator:

Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies European University Institute Via delle Fontanelle, 19 50014 San Domenico di Fiesole - Italy

Marie-Ange Catotti

Financial Officers: Francesca Forza Giampiero Nerici Project Manager:

Ingo Linsenmann

Webmaster:

Valerio Pappalardo

RSCAS Telephone: +39 055 4685 037 RSCAS Fax: +39 055 4685 770 RSCAS Web site: www.eui.eu/RSCAS/

Site Officer:

Leonardo Viti

Academic and Administrative Staff Offices

Computing Trainee:

Luke Price

Assist. Project Manager: Claudio Mazzetti

Secretarial Staff /Administrative Assistants: Sarah Beck Aurélie Boursier Laura Burgassi Pauline Depierreux Francesca Elia Marie Ghalanos Angelika Lanfranchi Christine Lyon Barbara Morganti Mia Saugman Conferences: Monique Cavallari Laura Jurišević Elisabetta Spagnoli Porter: Gianluca Truppa

RSCAS Staff, July 2011 44

Convento di San Domenico Via delle Fontanelle, 19 50014 San Domenico di Fiesole - Italy Villa La Fonte Via delle Fontanelle, 10 50014 San Domenico di Fiesole - Italy Villa Malafrasca Via Boccaccio, 151 50133 Firenze - Italy Villa La Pagliaiuola Via delle Palazzine, 17 50014 San Domenico di Fiesole - Italy Villa Schifanoia Via Boccaccio, 121 50133 Firenze - Italy

Individual office addresses, telephone numbers, and email addresses are listed online in the EUI Directory.

Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies European University Institute Convento di San Domenico Via delle Fontanelle, 19 I - 50014 San Domenico di Fiesole Italy www.eui.eu/RSCAS/

QM-AC-11-01-EN-C

DOI 10.2870/30616

ISSN 1830-575X