EUNSU KIM PORTFOLIO Master in Landscape Architecture 2019, Harvard Graduate School of Design ekim@gsd.harvard.edu
INDEX
ACADEMIC 1. The Living Edge 2. Nodes and Pauses 3. Cubic Garden 4. Ou topos PROFESSIONAL 5. Global Engineering Center 6. Archive
EUNSU KIM Master in Landscape Architecture 2019, Harvard Graduate School of Design eunsu.sue@gmail.com
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The Living Edge ; adaptive city Fall 2017 _2017.09 - 2017.12 _Academic_Team Professor: Montserrat Bonvehi
This project focuses on adapting the City of Boston to the impacts of climate change through the expansion and transformation of the edge. The edge is defined as the meeting of two conditions where the interaction between them is intensified such that a new condition emerges, unique to that edge. The idea of the rocky coast and tidal pool helped to define the pattern of the plan, and the strategy of the stormwater filtering channel system created the structure of the plan. Under this pattern and structure, different elements and infrastructures are added on top of this surface to enrich this built environment. It is maximized for the interactions of edges between soft and hard, public and private and stable and dynamic.
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he 8T 193
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Mean Sea Level Trend Interannual Sea Level Variation
Damage by blizzards(inch)
Annual Precipitation
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Damage by hurricane
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FUTURE
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Sea Level Rise
10ft Contours
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Stormwater Flooding 9in (2050)
Site Boundary
1960 Mar 1960 Donna
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21in (2075)
2020
3ft (2100)
21in (2075) Hurricane Storm Stormwater Flooding
90cm rise
150cm rise
Hurricane Storm Surge
Surge
Channel
3ft (2100)
200cm Boston Landmarks 5rise ft
Boston Landmarks
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50cm rise
Sea Level Rise
10ft Contours
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20cm rise
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Channel
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SCALE 1:10,000
mwater Flooding
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Annual precipitation
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Daily Tides
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ar 7 M
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Mean Sea Level Trend Sea Level Variation Boston is highly susceptible to the negative impacts of Daily Tides climate change due to its proximity to the ocean and Damage by hurricane the extensive filling of wetland and coastal waters. Damage by blizzards(inch) Storm surge from hurricanes, sea level rise, and more frequent and intense rain storms threaten to flood much of the city, including our site along the Reserve Channel in South Boston. When the edge between what is land and what is water is distorted due to climate change, it becomes necessary to design a new edge: one that can react and adapt to change without jeopardizing those who live at the edge.
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201 3 F eb 201 2 S 20 and 11 y Ire ne
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Mean Sea Level Trend Interannual Sea Level Variation Daily Tides
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Damage by hurricane Damage by blizzards(inch)
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Nodes and Pauses ; escape from habituation Fall 2016 _2016.09 - 2016.11 _Personal
All present moments coexist simultaneously with the past as a whole. Time is continuously beginning at the present, even though the present time cannot exist as time perpetually moves away from the present. The past should not be segmented as fragments of memories, but rather it should be perceived as an accumulated time that flows into the past from the present. An axis passes through the center of Seoul as a road created during the era of Japanese imperialism. About a hundred years have passed and history has accumulated on the axis: Gwanghwamun, City Hall, Namdaemun, Seoul Station (the representative symbol of Seoul). All of these function as landmarks, but the way of connecting them only exists as a space of passage. In routine environments, people’s memories become habitual and the flow of these memories remains locked in the consciousness and in the form of another axis. The transformed axes in these historical gaps have been superimposed again with fragments of past memories. The buoys of memory created in the course of this superposition are represented by nodes and landmarks. These nodes break the current and past boundaries by pausing the present, and induce dishabituation in this already habituated space. It appears as a new superposition in the form of an organic axis breathing with the periphery. The destroyed boundaries of time also break down the axis of people’s flow, allowing people to rearrange and extend the realm of perception to the periphery. This extended range of memories is another flow in and of itself, repeating habituation, dishabituation, and reterritorialization. This change makes it a more meaningful space to take pause and look back on those who live here, and to the workers who spend most of their day here. Their memory will be overlaid once again, which will increase the intrinsic value of the space itself.
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Nodes and Pauses Gypsum, Styrofoam / 900x1800x1800 / 2016
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Due to its important historical location, Sejonggil has experienced a number of incidents during its long history and the development of Seoul. In those events, the axis has been changed, the roads have been changed, and the cognitive spots have also been changed. These changes have been recognized by people, and their memories have historically been superimposed.
1800
1907
1910
1929
1933
1936
change of axis
change of road
change of cognition change of stream flow 10
1938
1940
1960
1966
2016
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main places on Sejong-gil
Under ‘habituation’ we do not remember all of the roads and events. In our ‘habituated’ memories, there are only fragmentary fragments, not whole fragments. These fragments have been superimposed over time for a long time, each of them being a patch-like memory point. 13
Cubic garden ; who is the owner of this land? Fall 2016 _2016.09 - 2016.11 _Academic_Individual
Society is constantly changing. These changes sometimes appear in the form of conflicts, and efforts to understand and solve such conflicts need to be considered on a variety of levels. Attempting to solve these conflicts without taking the time for thoughtful deliberation could have adverse effects. Ihwa-dong is a hilly residential area of Seoul. As a part of a 2006 cultural rehabilitation project, the town brought in artists to cover the stairs and walls with murals, thereby rebranding the neighborhood as a “mural village.” This project introduced an influx of visitors to the area, while local residents were severely inconvenienced due to invasions of privacy, increased garbage and noise. The local residents’ convenience was never considered as a primary concern and they eventually responded through vandalism of the murals. This brings up the question of land ownership and whether or not the needs of residents and visitors can coexist. Addressing this issue begins with the dualization of subject and object. Visitors and residents are divided without being aware of the possibility for interaction between one another. A simple programmatic approach for solving a problem, without considering a physical environment, would create confusion. The composition of Cubic garden guarantees the private space of residents by separating the pathways of visitors from the living space of residents. In residential buildings, the collision of visitors and residents is prevented by separating rooftop space and residential space. This physical division paradoxically breaks the boundaries between the two cohorts. Additionally, by providing a common community space between subjects and objects, the boundary between how visitors and residents perceive the community’s slopes is weakened. In this hilly community space, the concept of space is blurred as visitors treat the slopes as a viewpoint, while residents continue to view it simply as a slope. The collapse of a dichotomy from the decaying boundary creates a rhizome form through the interactions of both residents and visitors and allows the possibility of creating events in the space. The concepts of subject/object and resident/visitor become increasingly blurred.
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SITE ISSUE Residents of Ihwa are suffering from various problems caused by the increase of visitors such as waste, noise and privacy violations. According to the survey, they want to continue to reside in Ihwa-dong, but they have shown serious dissatisfaction with housing due to poor infrastructure, problems with visitors, and backwards housing conditions due to severe sloping and cramped space.
residents residential area hill
CONFLICT
visitors mural visiting view point
Hily entrance
No buffer
103m
Conflict of circulation visitor’s circulation resident’s circulation
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Poor accessibility to park
High density
average slope 28.9%
average of Seoul 9.9m²
recommended by WHO 9.0m²
residents 2.96m²
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STRATEGY_MODULING This combinded module provides cubic gardens and rooftop gardens, which makes the circulation go through the center of the site. It still offers resting place for both, the residents and visitors, but also separates the circulation of the visitors from the residential sites. In addition, the cubic garden connects the green space of Naksan Mountain to the site.
minimum module
binded module
compound
housing unit
terrace house
suitable for terrain
free space between housings
apply functional units
functional unit
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STRATEGY_CUBIC GARDEN Cubic Gardens, which meets the needs of visitors coming from Naksan Park, liberates residents from problems by blocking the visitor’s movement from residences in the village directly. This cubic garden fills the gap between visitors’ perception of the space as simply viewpoints and residents’ perception of the space as simply a slope.
visitor’s circulation resident’s circulation
stairs on cubic
resting area on cubic
green and water on cubic
housing
resident’s circulation
rooftop garden on housing units
cubic garden
visitor’s circulation cubic garden
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SOONGIN-CHANGSIN AREA JANGSU VILLAGE AREA SOONGIN2 AREA SOONGIN-CHANGSIN 3 AREA CHANGSIN2 AREA
YONGDU1 AREA JEGI 4 AREA
This modular prototype can be applied to other residential environment improvement projects. There are a number of areas which have similar conflicts.
LEGEND 1. terrace house 2. rooftop garden 3. cubic garden 4. terraced garden 5. communication center 6. viewpoint deck 7. resting area 0
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8. garden for 1st floor residents 9. stairs 10. cascade 11. tree planter 12. vehicle road 13. sharing space
40(m)
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Conflicts between residents and visitors are not limited to Ihwa-dong, and a simplistic programmatic approach to solving these types of problems often creates adverse effects, such as the vandalism seen in Ihwa-dong. A fundamental solution which considers boundaries of space and the interaction between subjects and objects should be shared with any place having similar problems.
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Ou topos ; utopia
; a boundary between reality and ideal
Fall 2010 _2010.09 ~ 2010.12 _Personal
This utopia, ou topos, named Seoulleung, is surrounded by office buildings in Korea’s busiest area, Gangnam. It also houses the remains of Sungjong, Jungjong, and Jung Hyun, who ruled Joseon in the 15th century. Throughout the urbanization of the surrounding area, this monument remains as is, giving us a unique view. The meaning of this space, which survives in the city without being lost, originates from its authority and sanctity. Even after the fall of Joseon, this place inherited the authority of the king, and continued to exercise that power in the center of the city. The juxtaposition of this space with life in the busy and hectic surroundings maximizes the sacredness and piety of the place. The green space of this massive area is completely blocked off from its surroundings, making it a utopia. This physical isolation, paradoxically, makes the ideal boundary of this place obscure. Users will experience divine Utopia, away from their frustrated and despicable reality, and in this process, the boundaries between reality and their reality will be broken. Through this isolation, the ideal boundary collapses, and the identity of the place becomes apparent. The experience in this sacred space allows people to take a moment of self-reflection to look upon themselves in the midst of their busy lives.
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Global Engineering Center Spring 2013 _2011.04 ~ 2013.03 _professional work(on-site) _Samsung Everland
GEC is a newly constructed building for Samsung Engineering employees, located in Sangil-dong, Seoul in Korea. We created a rooftop garden space where employees can relax inside the building. It also offers a variety of resting places for employees, such as a sunken garden, a rooftop garden on the 3rd floor with the glulem bench, an ecological pond, and the traditional garden on the 17th floor. I managed the construction as the director of construction site workers. I was mainly in charge of drawings, overall supervision of construction, and suggesting ideas to persuade the client.
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2 1
3 1. Traditional rooftaop garden 2. Glulam garden 3. Bamboo traditional rooftop garden
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