Dyneema®, the world’s strongest fiber™
Visit Eurocord 7-1-2010
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Dyneema®, the world s strongest fiber™ The strongest fiber in the world ü 15 times stronger than steel ü Lighter than water ü Extremely durable So it can: ü Stop bullets ü Pull oil tankers ü Help to sail around the world in 50 days
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Applications with Dyneema速
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Applications with Dyneema速
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The basics Dyneema is a fiber made from Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE)
Normal Polyethylene, low orientation, low molecular weight, crystalinity < 60%
Dyneema速, very high molecular orientation and weigth, crystalinity approximately 95%
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Dyneema速 Gel Spinning process suspension UHMW-PE continuous extrusion metering pump spinneret
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oven
Some yarn basics How is Dyneema yarn build up? • Yarn consists our of multiple filaments. • The amount and diameter of the filaments determine the diameter of the yarn. • The diameter of filaments of Dyneema® grades is between 9 and 30 µm. What does dtex mean? • Dtex is a measure for fiber weight (thickness) and is defined as dtex = gram / 10.000m • The dtex of Dyneema® fibers range between – 55 dtex (=25x monofilaments of 2,2 dtex each) – 2640 dtex (=780x monofilaments of 2.2dtex each) What is a yarn construction? • Multiple yarns can be combined into a construction - linear (like a rope) or 3D (like a shape). • Variables: grade, dtex, textile process (braiding, weaving, knitting, …), stitch density, … • Various pre- and post treatment options have been developed by DSM Dyneema • Every specific construction has specific mechanical characteristics => opportunity to tailor! • EuroFibers helps to translate your mechanical needs into specific constructions. 9
Microscopic view of a braid made of 16 yarns, each yarn consisting of about 100 filaments
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Typical properties of DyneemaÂŽ Soft as silk
High pliability
Hydrophobic Low melting point (~150°C)
Extremely strong
High fatigue resistance
Cut and tear resistance
High chemical resistance
Creeps under constant load
High abrasion resistance
Low coefficient of friction
Low density Electrical insulator
Low elongation 11
Conventional Fibers Vs. Performance Fibers PES • Dacron® • Diolen® • Trevira® • No brand name
LCP • Vectran®
HMPE • Dyneema® • Spectra®
PA • Nylon® • Enkalon® • Perlon® • No brand name
Aramid • Kevlar® • Twaron® • Technora® • Nomex®
PBO • Zylon®
Conventional fibers
High performance fibers 12
There is a big difference in tenacity of fibers…
Free breaking length Dyneema® Zylon®
349 Km 346 Km
Vectran® Technora® Twaron®
247 Km 227 Km 200 Km
Diolen® Steel* 13
77 Km 25 Km
* Tested according to ISO 2062 ** Literature value
…as well as in the elongation of materials Steel** Diolen® Technora® Zylon® Twaron® Vectran® Dyneema®
3,1%
5X
4,0%
3,3%
2,8%
3,0% 3,5%
Elongation at break * Synthetic fibers tested according to ISO 2062 ** Literature value
* Literature value
12% 14
Dyneema® is the only floating fiber Floats 1
Sinks
3
g/cm3
Specific gravity*
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Steel Diolen® (PES) Twaron® (Aramid) Technora® (Aramid) Vectran® (LCP) Zylon® (PBO) Dyneema® (HMPE)
4 5 6 7 8
* Literaturevalues
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Aging of pure fibers differs quite a bit % original strength retained after aging 336 hrs*
Dyneema® (HMPE) Diolen® (PES) Twaron® (Aramid) Technora® (Aramid) Zylon® (PBO) Vectran® (LCP)
*Aged according to ASTM G–155 *Tested according to ISO 2062
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
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60%
70%
80%
Cut resistance Dyneema速 filament stretched over the edge of a razorblade (SEM)
Polyethylene cables flatten when placed under tension. This property makes the fiber highly cut resistant. 17
Abrasion resistance 80000
Test on emery paper @ 25 ° C*
nr. of cycles to break
70000
60000
50000
Diolen® (PES) Twaron® (Aramid) Technora® (Aramid) Vectran® (LCP) Zylon® (PBO) Dyneema® (HMPE)
40000
30000
20000
10000 *Tested at Staatliches Pruefamt fuer das Textilgewerbe Mü nchberg
0
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Bending of an LCP filament
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Bending of an aramid filament
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Bending of a PBO filament
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Bending of a Dyneema速 filament
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Comparison of fiber properties Diolen® Twaron ® Properties
Tenacity
(PES)
Technora ® Vectran ® Zylon®
(Aramid)
(Aramid)
(LCP)
(PBO)
Dyneema® (HMPE)
7,6
19,6
22,3
24,2
33,9
34,2
12,3
3,1
4,0
3,3
2,8
3,4
1,39
1,39
1,56
0,97
(cN/dTex)
Elongation (%)
Specific gravity (Kg/dm3)
1,38
1,41
Aging
Abrasion
Good
Poor
Poor
Very poor
Very good
Very poor
Very poor
Poor
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Very poor Poor
Very good Very good
Overview of titers and grades
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Contact
EuroFibers BV P.O.Box 599 6200 AN Maastricht The Netherlands info@eurofibers.com www.eurofibers.com +31 43 30 40 014
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