Resolution booklet International Forum Vienna 2016 by International Office of the European Youth Parliament

Resolution Booklet International Forum Vienna 2016

European Youth Parliament Austria EuropĂ¤isches Jugendparlament Ă&#x2013;sterreich Lassingleithnerplatz 2/3, 1020 Wien ZVR: 760986885 info@eypaustria.org eypaustria.org

Procedure of the General Assembly General rules The wish to speak is indicated by raising the Committee placard. The authority of the Board is absolute.

Procedure and time settings 1. Reading of the topic 2. Defence Speech (max. 3 minutes) 3. 2 Attack Speeches (max. 2 minutes each) 4. Response to the Attack Speeches (max. 2 minutes) 5. 4-5 rounds of Open Debate 6. Summation Speech (max. 3 minutes) 7. Voting procedure 8. Announcement of the voting results Point of Personal Privilege is a request to repeat a point that was inaudible. Point of Order is used when a Delegate feels that the Board has not properly followed the parliamentary procedure. Each Committee may use the Direct Response placard once per debate. Should a Committee member raise the Committee placard and the Direct Response sign, the Board recognises the Committee immediately. The Direct Response sign is used to specifically answer the point made directly beforehand. Point of Information is used to request a brief explanation of a term or an abbreviation.

Timetable of the General Assembly

Sunday, 22.5.2016

General Assembly

13:30 – 14:15

LIBE I

14:15 – 15:00

DROI

15:00 – 15:30

Coffee Break

15:30 – 16:15

DEVE

16:15 – 17:00

SEDE I

Monday, 23.5.2016

General Assembly

09:30 – 10:00

Guest Speaker

10:00 – 10:45

AFET III

10:45 – 11:30

AFET I

11:30 – 12:30

Lunch

12:30 – 13:15

SEDE II

13:15 – 14:00

LIBE II

14:00 – 14:30

Coffee Break

14:30 – 15:15

FEMM

15:15 – 16:00

AFET II

16:00 – 18:00

Closing Ceremony

C Motion for a Resolution by the Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Afairs I Motion for a Resolution by the Committee on Human Rights Motion for a Resolution by the Committee on Development Motion for a Resolution by the Committee on Security and Defence I Motion for a Resolution by the Committee on Foreign Afairs III Motion for a Resolution by the Committee on Foreign Afairs I Fact Sheet AFET I Motion for a Resolution by the Committee on Security and Defence II Fact Sheet SEDE II Motion for a Resolution by the Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Afairs II Fact Sheet on LIBE II Motion for a Resolution by the Committee on Womens Rights and Gender Equality Fact Sheet on FEMM Motion for a Resolution by the Committee on Foreign Afairs II

C LL

Given the recent flow of migrants into Europe, how should the plight of all kinds of migrants be balanced against increasing public concern about the impact of further immigration? Submitted by

Andrijana Petrović RS , Bernadette Schwarz AT , Emilia Kassine Mékok DE , Erhem Ganzorgi MN , Inomullo Mirboboev TJ , Jenne Depraetere BE , Salma Elsayed-Ali US , Unnur Lárusdóttir IS , Dana Kabdysh KZ , Caoimhe Healy Chairperson, IE

The European )outh Parliament, A. Aware of the year-on-year increase of asylum applications within the EU since total of , in ,

, reaching a

B. Noting with regret that the lack of a legal possibility for migrants to seek asylum in the Schengen area encourages human smuggling, C. Deeply disturbed by the risk taken by migrants, especially unaccompanied minor migrants, to reach the EU through dangerous and illegal pathways, D. Fully aware that the recent influx of migrants has had a disconcerting efect on the resident citizens of the EU, causing some to worry about their personal welfare and a general lacking sense of solidarity amongst Member States afected by increasing volumes of asylum applications, E. Observing that EU Member States along the external southern border are disproportionately affected by the current influx of migrants, F. Observing that the number of drownings, irregular migrations, human traficking and smuggling has drastically increased in recent years, G. Bearing in mind the heterogenous legal landscape around migration policies across Member States, H. Firmly convinced that the EU-Turkey deal is an efective, albeit a short term solution, I. Acknowledges the Dublin III Regulation reform implemented in July

which provided for

i. The prohibition of movement of asylum seekers to Member States where their fundamental human rights are at risk, ii. The protection of families, especially unaccompanied minors, iii. The assurance of free legal counsel and access to information about the asylum process in a language that the asylum applicant can understand Eurostat report on increase in asylum applications from to the present day. The border-free Schengen Area guarantees free movement to more than million EU citizens, as well as to many non-EU nationals, by abolishing passport and any other type of border control at their mutual borders. In , at least , people made the journey, up from , in . According to the UN refugee agency United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees UNHCR , , crossed in the first five months of . Under the deal, migrants arriving in Greece are now expected to be sent back to Turkey if they do not apply for asylum or their claim is rejected, in exchange for a migrant currently in the asylum application process.

Funds and Monetary Issues . Proposes the evaluation of pre-existing funds, such as the European Refugee Fund ERF , to ensure respect for the rights of asylum seekers, especially in refugee centres . Endorses the use of the Asylum, Migration and Integration Fund AMIF in accordance with Article . of the Treaty of the Functioning of the European Union TFEU for the EU’s Financial Multiannual Framework -

Provisions for Migrants . Further endorses a relocation programme whereby once granted the status of refugee, an asylum seeker can choose their host country from an updated selection made according to the following criteria a. employment rate relative to that of other Member States, b. infrastructural capacity to host more refugees, such as host centres and ”hotspots”, c. the number of refugees already hosted by this Member State relative to the national population . Expresses its hope that Participating States will provide refugees with a. free local opportunities to learn one of the oficial language of the host Member State, b. mandatory access to school for children according to the legal obligations in the respective host Member State, c. opportunities for adults to acquire professional qualifications

Existing Measures . Urges the European Commission to further expand on and then implement FRONTE(’s Operation Poseidon and Operation Sofia in more Member States . Regrets the bargaining power that has come with the EU-Turkey agreement . Congratulates the European Commissions establishment of the European Union Agency for Asylum whose aim is to ensure that individual asylum cases are dealt with in a coherent way by all Member States It facilitates sharing of the financial costs of the reception and integration of refugees amongst Member States AMIF was set up to promote the eficient management of migration flows and the implementation, strengthening and development of a common Union approach to asylum and immigration. Article of the Lisbon Treaty ’In the event of one or more Member States being confronted with an emergency situation characterised by a sudden inflow of nationals of third countries, the Council, on a proposal from the Commission, may adopt provisional measures for the benefit of the Member State s concerned. It shall act ater consulting the European Parliament.’ The primary law of the EU consists mainly of the founding treaties of the European Communities and the Charter of fundamental rights of the EU, one of which is TFEU. Frontex promotes, coordinates and develops European border management in line with the EU fundamental rights charter. Operation Poseidon its aim is to coordinate operational activities at the external sea borders in order to control irregular migration flows towards the EU Member States and to tackle cross-border crime. Operation Sofia is aimed at boarding and seizing of the high seas vessels suspected of being used for human smuggling and traficking.

Entry Criteria . Recommends further reform of the Dublin III Regulation to include a. using a common list of safe destination countries that the applicant can be transferred to if necessary, b. limiting the asylum applicants movement to another country for a minimum period of years until their application is fully processed or until it is rejected within that same time frame . Calls upon the European Commission to drat precise regulatory procedures to expand upon the current Dublin III Regulation legal counsel by providing accessible information on the application criteria for various Member States.

There is persistent discrimination of the Roma minority by local authorities and national governments across Europe. What should be done to resolve the tensions surrounding the Roma people and to integrate them more into European and other societies? Submitted by

Ada Pavel RO , Adam Červeň SK , Elīna Jekale LV , Emilíana Birta Hjartardóttir IS , Fien Goeminne BE , Grace Garrett US , Kanan Huseynov AZ , Salome Bladadze GE , Shakhnoza Ikramova UZ , Samuel Nelemans Chairperson, NL

The European )outh Parliament, A. Alarmed by the fact that government eforts to improve the situation of their Roma populations are oten minimal and inefective, B. Expressing its dissatisfaction that the Roma are barely represented in local and national politics across OSCE Participant States, C. Fully aware of the fact that most Roma are undocumented, thus limiting their access to social services and making them dificult to identify, D. Noting with regret the lack of knowledge amongst Roma about their civil rights, their civic duties and the social services available to them, E. Recognizing that the relationship between the Roma people and local law enforcement authorities is plagued by prejudice and distrust, F. Fully alarmed by the negative stereotypes existing amongst citizens about the Roma, which are reinforced by their lacking knowledge of Roma culture, G. Further alarmed by the low employment rate amongst Roma, which is severely impeded by prejudice and labor market discrimination, H. Gravely concerned that % of the Roma live under the poverty line, oten as a result of their limited educational and employment opportunities, I. Considering that both Roma and non-Roma students lack the opportunity to study Roma language, culture and history as a part of their school curriculum, J. Concerned that the potential of Roma children are oten underestimated by society, resulting in both parents and teachers neglecting to support and encourage these children to continue their studies, K. Keeping in mind that there is no standardised version of the Roma language, which makes it very hard to teach in schools, L. Regretting the absence of vocational training opportunities for Roma people, M. Perturbed by the housing situations and dire living conditions of many Roma, Education teaching skills and knowledge required for a certain profession.

N. Deeply disturbed by the poor health status of the Roma population compared to non-Roma living in the same regions, O. Bearing in mind that many Roma refrain from seeking out medical treatment due to their belief in traditional Roma medicine over modern Western medicine

Legal Recognition . Instructs the OSCE to produce annual reports on the progress of Participant States in the implementation of national Roma integration strategies . Directs Participant States to ensure dialogue with and inclusion of Roma representatives in the legislative process on matters concerning the Roma . Reafirms the OSCE recommendation that Participant States â&#x20AC;?adopt and implement efective anti-discrimination legislation to combat racial and ethnic discrimination in all fieldsâ&#x20AC;? . Encourages Participant States and municipalities to create mobile civil registration ofices . Requests that the OSCE ofers all Roma a free course upon civil registration that introduces them to their civil rights, their civic duties, and the social services available to them

Cultural Understanding . Asks Participant States with a significant Roma population to provide broadcasting time on national television for a. content in the Roma language aimed at a Roma audience, b. content about Roma culture aimed at a general audience . Further requests municipalities to create community centers in areas with a large Roma population which can host various cultural and informative events aimed at or related to the Roma . Calls upon Participant States to include Roma history and culture into their school curricula, particularly focussing on the background and impact of the porajmos . Supports the OSCE in organising educational and social activities such as summer camps integrating Roma and non-Roma children . Invites the International Romani Union to create a standardized version of the Roma language in order for it to be teachable in schools

Creating Opportunities . Urges Participant States to organise classes for teachers about methods for involving and supporting Roma students in their classroom . Hopes that Participant States create merit-based scholarships funds or grants for Roma students in order to pursue academic opportunities, particularly in the fields of medicine and education Action Plan on Improving the Situation of Roma and Sinti Within the OSCE Area, . Ofices in which citizens can register as citizens of a municipality and receive legal documents. The attempted genocide on the Roma in Nazi Germany and its occupied territories. Merit-based scholarships are scholarships based on the abilities and achievements of the applicant.

. Suggests that Participant States provide students living under the poverty line with school supplies and meals at schools in districts with high densities of Roma people . Appeals to the OSCE to establish career counselling ofices at the aforementioned Roma community centers ofering services such as vocational training, job placement assistance, and workshops with successful Roma professionals . Expresses its hope that Participant States provide tax breaks for employers who hire Roma employees under a permanent contract

Healthcare & Housing . Calls upon Participant States to provide subsidized housing near previously existing Roma communities to civilly registered Roma people who live under the poverty line . Proposes that Participant States involve Roma people in the designing and constructing of these housing projects . Further suggests that Participant States provide Roma with two years of free health insurance upon civil registration . Calls for the creation of mobile medical teams to visit Roma districts to ensure that all Roma are in a good health condition and to prevent serious medical complications . Recommends the OSCE to provide traditional healers in Roma villages with workshops and trainings at the aforementioned community centers to complement their knowledge of traditional medicine with modern techniques.

Rethinking public policies How should the OSCE contribute to the implementation of good governance principles on local, national and international levels? Which steps should be taken to combat corruption? Submitted by

Aaron Kleinbrod AT , Andreas Janssen NL , Emily Tsui CA , Hasan Mammadov AZ , Karla Rusu Schönberger RO , Kurts Auza LV , Markéta Ovečková CZ , Oksana Revenko UA , Soňa Kleštincová SK , Bernat Just ES , Panagiotis Chatzistratis Chairperson, GR

The European )outh Parliament, A. Afirming Transparency International’s definition of corruption , B. Noting that there is no article in the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union TFEU specifically referring to corruption, C. Alarmed by the amount of annual dissipation caused by corruption, which according to the RAND Corporation amounts to billion euros in the EU, D. Aware of the fact that anti-corruption measures and strategies difer amongst Member States, E. Deeply disturbed by the lack of transparency concerning financial contributions made to government oficials, the judiciary, the police and the military, F. Observing widespread nepotism in the public sector, G. Highlighting the importance of cooperation within civil society to raise awareness on anti-corruption agencies and mechanisms, H. Noting the role that public oficials play in setting an example for accountability and ethical standards for society, I. Recognising that an eficient and competent bureaucracy plays a crucial part in preventing corruption, J. Deeply concerned by the fact that corruption distorts fair competition and deters investments in the public procurement sector, thus weakening the impact and the accountability of public instruments, K. Alarmed by the scarcity of monetary resources invested in existing anti-corruption instruments, L. Aware of the fact that current anti-corruption agencies might be prone to corruption themselves, M. Noting that socio-economic development is hindered due to corruption practices

Corruption is the abuse of entrusted power for private gain. The Treaty of the Functioning of the European Union is one of the two primary treaties of the European Union, which defines its objectives and areas of action. The RAND corporationis an American non-profit global policy think tank.

National Governments . Encourages Member States to increase the sharing of best anti-corruption practices, both within and outside the EU . Reafirms the need for national governments to cooperate with NGOs, such as Transparency International and anti-corruption agencies . Encourages Member States to adopt the guidelines established by the Alliance for Lobbying Transparency and Ethics Regulations on â&#x20AC;?revolving door â&#x20AC;? movements

Transparency . Requests that Member States make public the financial contributions that political parties and oficials in the public sector receive . Highly recommends that Member States improve transparency in public procurement by further implementing Integrity Pacts . Suggests that Member States adopt Freedom of Information Acts in order to ensure transparency and openness in the public sector . Urges Member States to establish supervisory councils consisting of private experts and public oficials in order to evaluate proposals on government procurements . Encourages the European Commission to increase transparency regarding lobbying by a. establishing an EU-wide mandatory registration for lobbyists and publishing its contents . Encourages Member States to engage in a transparent process of hiring bureaucrats in the public sector through the disclosure of the decision making process

OSCE Contribution . Calls upon the European Commission to implement a biannual international summit involving the OSCE Participating States as well as anti-corruption organisations and oficials . Invites the OSCE to establish a media training centre for the promotion of free and independent media

Prosecution . Calls upon Member States to closely cooperate in the prosecution of corruption and the recovery of financial losses . Encourages Member States to further enhance public audit inspections at national level, especially targeting procurement procedures. Transparency International is a non-governmental organisation which takes on action to combat corruption. The Alliance for Lobbying Transparency and Ethics Regulations is a coalition of over public interest groups and trade unions concerned with the influence of lobbying on the political agenda in Europe. A revolving door is the movement of high-level employees from public sector jobs to private sector jobs and vice-versa Integrity Pacts are a mechanism for preventing corruption in public contracting. Government agencies and companies agree that they will abstain from bribery, collusion and other corrupt practices for the extent of the contract. The Freedom of Information Act allows for access to information previously held by public authorities.

C I

”Terrorists know no borders, our security services do,” said Former Prime Minister of Belgium Guy Verhofstadt in March . How should the exchange of intelligence within the European Union, as well as cooperation with non-European intelligence services, be improved? Submitted by

Azamat Sultanliev KG , Danica Simic RS , Haroldas Pakalniškis LT , Kamil Bujel PL , Kamilla Zhalmurziyeva KZ , Marcelo Lukes US , Moritz Ibesich AT , Roland Reif DE , Viesturs Bērziņš LV , Finja Strehmann Chairperson, AT

The European )outh Parliament, A. Alarmed by the lack of intelligence exchange, which leads to an inability of Member States to prevent terror attacks, B. Recognising that the sensitivity of intelligence data makes it susceptible to manipulation, misuse and abuse, C. Fully alarmed by the ineficient use of existing European Intelligence databases failing to exploit their full potential, D. Deeply concerned by the unacceptably collected and overwhelming amount of intelligence data, which cannot be efectively processed and clearly violates EU citizens’ right to privacy as laid out in article of the Charter on Fundamental rights in the EU , E. Noting with regret that eficient cooperation between nations is inhibited by varied legal, governmental, agency and foreign afairs frameworks amongst countries, F. Keeping in mind that language barriers are one of the obstacles causing some intelligence agencies not to share their collected data with other agencies and security services . Proposes the establishment of an EU parliamentary Committee on Intelligence, Information Sharing and Privacy INTL to discuss national security data collection, processing and legislation

Collection of data . Instructs the Intelligence Analysis Centre INTCEN to create a register that a. includes potential terrorists currently under surveillance by Member States, b. further includes standardised and limited information that can be accessed by intelligence agencies and police forces of Member States, c. draws attention to potential terrorist movements across borders, d. allows access to the full profile of a suspect through the oficial request of authority, . Urges Member States to provide their collected data for the aforementioned INTCEN register European Intelligence databasis Schengen Information System II SIS II and Intelligence Analysis Centre INTCEN. Charter on Fundamental rights in the EU.

. Requests the European Commission to initiate a recommendation calling upon Member States to a. evaluate current methods of intelligence collection, b. ensure that Intelligence Agencies only focus on collecting information that can directly help to combat terrorism, c. remove unnecessary data

Privacy . Condemns Bulgaria, France, Romania, Czech Republic, Germany, Netherlands, Sweden and Hungary for telecommunication data redaction . Suggests raising awareness amongst EU citizens regarding how intelligence data is selected, processed, collected and stored through a political education media campaign

Cooperation . Calls upon the European Council to discuss the harmonisation of varied legal, governmental, intelligence agency and foreign afairs frameworks in its meetings . Encourages the establishment of a treaty negotiation process, inspired by smaller European Agreements among Member States and allies that fulfil EU data security standards with the advice of OSCE experts to determine under which criteria intelligence should be shared . Suggests OSCE Participating States provide intelligence information in at least the working languages of German, French and English.

Telecommunication data redaction is a storage of call records and internet trafic data of all citizens. Ater the Paris attacks nine EU Member States agreed on sharing more intelligence.

R F

III

The rise of the so-called Islamic State needs little introduction, yet the progress on identifying and combatting the sources of its support and infrastructure leaves much to be desired. What measures should be taken in order to tackle financial, structural and moral support of the group? Submitted by

Dominik Frej PL , Edward Wiels BE , Enes Shehu AL , Gerda Taralaite LT , H贸lmfr铆冒ur Jakobsd贸ttir IS , Kateryna Hlebova UA , Milana Mukiyeva KZ , Pauls Raimonds Silis LV , Sebastian Scott DE , Urh Prosenc SI , Tom Walpole Chairperson, UK

The European )outh Parliament, A. Taking into account that Islamic State in Iraq and Syria ISIS controls territories in Syria, Libya and Iraq that incorporate a population of over million people , B. Recognising ISIS as a fully capable organisation intent on reinstating an Islamic Caliphate based on an extremist Sunni belief, C. Concerned how ISIS propaganda across diferent media formats has led to a more efective recruitment of foreign fighters, D. Alarmed how terrorist attacks contribute to the spread of Islamophobia and subsequent radicalisation within society, E. Noting with regret the lack of cooperation between national intelligence agencies within the EU caused by i. diferent national attitudes to data protection and sharing, ii. an insuficient number of Member States with full intelligence sharing capacity, iii. technological and linguistic dificulties with databases, such as the duplication issue caused by transliterating Arabic names diferently, F. Deeply concerned that conflicting stakeholder goals hinder coordinated progress towards defeating ISIS, G. Realising that ISIS is funded primarily through i. oil production within ISIS territory and the sale of oil across neighbouring regions, ii. the taxation of the local population, iii. financial support from third parties, H. Welcoming the recent loss of ISIS territories, however acknowledging that current military activities are not enough to secure a quick military victory against ISIS, I. Realising that there is a need to learn from the legacy of the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq and create a stabilisation plan for a post-ISIS region Islamic State group Crisis in seven charts, BBC News,

th April

Military Action . Calls for OSCE-led dialogue between the anti-ISIS and RSII airstrike coalitions that ensure the safety of civilians and humanitarian missions near ISIS territory . Emphasises the grave need to resolve the ongoing conflicts within the Middle East through talks backed by OSCE Participating States before more coordinated military actions could be considered

Tackling Radicalisation . Endorses further development and funding of the EU Internet Referral Unit and EU Internet Forum in order to better monitor, analyse and understand pro-ISIS content online . Invites OSCE Participating States to foster public discussions and educational programmes that would a. tackle Islamophobia and promote tolerance, b. explain and analyse the extremist nature of ISIS and help build a counter narrative to it, c. create conversations between Muslim communities and leaders that publicly challenge the religious legitimacy of ISIS

Preventing Terrorism . Encourages greater cooperation between EU Member States on intelligence sharing through Ministerial meetings and the greater use of Europol capabilities . Requests the use of the Internal Security Fund to finance the improvement of Europol’s data sharing systems

ISIS Finances . Approves of increasing the number of airstrikes specifically targeting the oil industry controlled by ISIS The anti-ISIS Coalition is comprised of the United States, Australia, Belgium, Denmark, France, Netherlands, Jordan, Morocco, United Kingdom, Bahrain, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Turkey and the United Arab Emirates. The RSII Coalition is comprised of Russia, Syria, Iraq and Iran. The EU Internet Referral Unit was launched by Europol in July to combat terrorist propaganda and related violent extremist activities on the internet. The EU Internet Forum was set up by the European Commission in to counter terrorist content and hate speech online. It brings together almost exclusively US Internet companies such as Microsot, Facebook, Twitter, Google and Ask.fm , government oficials and law enforcement agencies. Europol is the European Union’s law enforcement agency whose main goal is to help achieve a safer Europe for the benefit of all EU citizens. They do this by assisting the European Union’s Member States in their fight against serious international crime and terrorism. Internal Security Fund was set up for the period - , with a total of EUR . billion for the seven years. The Fund promotes the implementation of the Internal Security Strategy, law enforcement cooperation and the management of external borders.

. Congratulates the United Nations Security Councilâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Resolution and further invites greater cooperation between intelligence agencies working within the Middle East to identify individuals and groups that privately fund ISIS

Post-conflict resolution . Asks the OSCE to propose a strategy to ensure the stable transition of power to an accountable government in the power vacuum that would be let by the fall of ISIS.

UNSC Resolution was unanimously adopted in December . The -page resolution, sponsored by the United States and the Russian Federation, and co-sponsored by a broad array of Governments, covers asset freeze, travel ban, arms embargo and listing criteria for ISIL, Al-Qaida and associated individuals, groups, undertaking and entities.

R F

What further steps should be taken in order to help facilitate post conflict transformation processes in Balkan countries? Submitted by

Arne Verscheure BE , Dovydas Aganson LT , Gene Jerskey US , Georgs Kreislers LV , Ivana Tošković ME , Mariia Kleiner DE , Marnix van Berckel Smit NL , Matúš Hagara SK , Nestor Avramov RS , Valeriya Boyko Chairperson, UA

The European )outh Parliament, A. Bearing in mind the discrepancies in interpretations of the history of the )ugoslav Wars, B. Deeply concerned that former attempts to establish Truth and Reconciliation Commissions in former )ugoslavia in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia were not successful, C. Aware of insuficient opportunities for participants of the )ugoslav Wars to share their stories, D. Taking into account the lack of cooperation among the courts of the former )ugoslav States, E. Noting that the mandate of the European Union Rule of Law Mission in Kosovo EULE( ends on th June , F. Noting with regret the absence of a comprehensive approach to reparations for victims of the )ugoslav Wars across the Western Balkans, G. Further noting that a total of still unaccounted for ,

people went missing during the )ugoslav Wars, with

H. Concerned by the lack of efective political relationships between countries of the Western Balkans region, I. Condemning the unconstructive political presence at commemoration events dedicated to the atermath of the )ugoslav Wars, J. Deeply disturbed by the widespread bigotry among ethnic and religious identity groups across the Western Balkans, K. Noting with regret the lack of opportunities presented by Non-Governmental Organisatios NGOs for multicultural youth exchanges in the Western Balkans, L. Taking into account the positive efect that foreign aid has on the Western Balkans, M. Viewing suficient living standards as a necessary condition for socio-political stability

Truth-seeking . Requests the formation of a truth-seeking committee ’Clear History’ comprised of historians from the Western Balkans to establish a common recollection of the history of )ugoslavia and the )ugoslav Wars Reparations for Wartime Victims in the Former )ugoslavia In Search of the Way Forward, International Organisation for Migration,

. Calls for Clear History to create an open access database of historic facts concerning )ugoslavia and the )ugoslav Wars . Welcomes the establishment of the Committee on Truth-seeking and Dialogue CTD in the Western Balkans . Further calls for the CTD to create a safe platform for victims of war crimes to share their stories . Suggests the CTD to provide counselling services to the victims of war crimes . Calls for the CTD to record the testimonies of victims of war crimes and make them publicly available

Justice . Encourages further synchronisation between national courts in legal proceedings against a. grave breaches of the

Geneva conventions,

b. violations of the laws or customs of war, c. genocide, d. crimes against humanity . Emphasises the need for greater cooperation between the national courts and the International Criminal Tribunal for the former )ugoslavia ICT) . Further supports capacity building of national courts with the funding provided by the Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance IPA . Further calls for the EULE( mandate to be prolonged until . Suggests the standardisation of reparations by providing a unified system defining damage compensation to victims of war crimes

Dialogue . Supports the promotion of ethnic and religious tolerance by providing platforms for political and youth dialogue . Calls for the OSCE to further facilitate the exchanges between civil servants from Western Balkan countries . Expresses its appreciation for political leaders attending commemorative events both nationally and abroad . Invites local NGOs to organise a wider range of youth exchanges within the Western Balkans in the fields of a. political dialogue, b. academia, c. recreation . Further endorses the development of inter-regional tourism

Welfare . Appreciates IPAâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s successes in implementation of multi-country and national projects in the Western Balkans . Encourages foreign investment in the Western Balkans.

AFET I

)ugoslavia Wars are a set of conflicts on territories of former )ugoslavia that led to the death of people. The conflicts took place in Slovenia , Croatia , Bosnia and Herzegovina , Kosovo , and The Former )ugoslav Republic of Macedonia .

War crimes are violations of the Geneva Conventions or any other rules of war established by oficial regulations in the field of International Humanitarian Law. Examples of war crimes include murder, mutilation, cruel treatment and torture, taking of hostages, rape, sexual slavery, and human traficking. The International Criminal Tribunal for the former )ugoslavia ICT) is a United Nations court of law dealing with war crimes that took place during the conflicts in the Balkans in the â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s. It is within ICT)â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s competence to hold trials dealing with genocide, crimes against humanity, violations of the law or customs of war, and grave breaches of the Geneva Conventions. As of April , the ICT) has indicted individuals, sentencing . The European Union Rule of Law Mission in Kosovo EULE( is a civilian mission within the Common Security and Defence policy of the European Union. It plays a supportive role in helping the Kosovo government to establish rule of law. Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance IPA is a funding mechanism of the European Union EU that ofers support to EU candidate countries. The funding covers the following areas . Assistance for transition and institution building . Cross-border cooperation with EU Member States and other countries eligible for IPA . Regional development transport, environment, regional and economic development . Human resources strengthening human capital and combating exclusion . Rural development.

C II

With the nature of military capabilities required to deal with modern security threats changing rapidly and defence spending across Europe facing significant budgetary constraints, to which extent should European and international military cooperation and/or integration be considered? Submitted by

Zofia Marcinek PL , Liza Lozar Zajec SI , Andreas Kyriakos CA , )annick Meert BE , Sara Ketovuori FI , Giorgi Khachaturovi GE , Michael Richard Piccinino MT , Volodymyr Havrylyuk-)ensen UA , Nicklas Kövamees Chairperson, SE

The European )outh Parliament, A. Fully aware of the dificulties in reconciling EU values of integration for peace and progress with military capabilities, B. Convinced that military capabilities are nevertheless necessary in order to maintain peace, C. Bearing in mind the great diversity of Member States’ aims and interests within foreign and defence policy, D. Recognising that some Member States are constitutionally inhibited from being part of military alliances or certain types of military commitments, E. Bearing in mind the will of some Member States to remain independent from EU defence integration and cooperation, F. Deeply regretting that the existing legal structure for Permanent Structured Cooperation is currently not being utilised,

PESCO

G. Deeply concerned about the recent breakdown in communications between Member States and Russia, especially Russia leaving the G and the NATO-Russia council, which causes potential for military escalation and further alienation of Russia, H. Aware that any cooperation under a PESCO framework would necessitate the creation of an operative body to manage operations within the cooperation, I. Unreservedly worried by Russia’s aggressive activities in Ukraine and Georgia as well as provocations near and within the borders of Member States, J. Fully aware that Member States are also members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation NATO whilst six Member States are not, K. Noting with regret the weak European response to Russia’s i. violations of international law in the cases of Ukraine and Georgia, ii. infringement upon territorial sovereignty through provocations in and near other states’ territory, L. Committed to avoiding duplication of NATO resources and capabilities, See fact sheet.

M. Acknowledging that the vast majority of NATO members in the EU fail to meet their % of GDP defence spending pledge, N. Alarmed by the insuficiency of eforts so far from the EU and Member States to tackle new security challenges such as cyber, psychological, and hybrid warfare, O. Noting with deep concern the lack of development of European military infrastructure, equipment, and capabilities for combating modern-day threats, such as hybrid and cyber warfare, P. Noting with regret the lack of resource and information sharing between Member States’ intelligence services, pertaining to threats such as terrorism . Endorses Permanent Structured Cooperation PESCO as the best way of ensuring European security, military cost eficiency, and responsiveness to the constantly changing security environment . Emphasises the importance of the EU’s mutual defence and solidarity clauses in the case of potential external aggression against a Member State

PESCO . Encourages Member States to take part in PESCO rather than bilateral or multilateral ad-hoc cooperation between Member States . Proposes the establishment of a joint military command within PESCO that shall a. be tasked with leading and coordinating all ongoing military activities within PESCO, b. be led by senior military oficers from all participating Member States, with support from military as well as civilian advisors and staf, c. receive its operative mandate directly from, and report directly to, the Council . Requests that Member States participating in PESCO ought to spend a minimum of % of GDP on defence . Suggests that Member States joining PESCO are required to achieve a minimum of % of GDP in defence spending ater a country-specific time period ater joining, to be determined by the Council on recommendation of the joint command

NATO . Reafirms its full commitment to the Berlin Plus agreement , particularly regarding asset and information sharing in the spirit of cost eficiency and the avoidance of duplication of resources and capabilities Hybrid warfare is the military strategy of simultaneously employing a tailored mix of conventional weapons, irregular tactics, terrorism, and criminal behaviour in the same time and battlespace to obtain political objectives. The mutual defence and solidarity clauses are Articles and respectively of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. Through them Member States are obliged to provide support and assistance if a Member State is subjected to ”a terrorist attack or a natural or man-made disaster”, and to provide ”aid and assistance by all the means in their power” if another Member State is subjected to armed aggression. In accordance with article of the Treaty on the European Union decisions within the PESCO framework are taken in the Council unanimously by the participating Member States only. See fact sheet.

. Urges EU NATO members to comply with the % of GDP minimum defence spending pledge under NATO . Further requests that all EU non-NATO Member States spend at least % of GDP on defence

OSCE . Recommends that all OSCE Participating States are able to convene emergency meetings with hours’ notice . Emphasises the importance of Member States and the EU’s neighbouring countries, including Russia, actively working to maintain trust and keeping open lines of communication by taking part in dialogue within the OSCE

Research and development . Calls upon the European Defence Agency EDA to increase its eforts in supporting the efectivisation of research and development processes in Member States, particularly in response to emerging threats of hybrid and cyber warfare . Further calls upon the EDA to found a research institute for emerging modes of warfare, specifically with the aim of understanding the current threats of hybrid and cyber warfare

Intelligence . Further calls upon the High Representative of the Union for Foreign Afairs and Security Policy to establish a forum for military intelligence sharing amongst all Member States’ intelligence services.

The European Defence Agency EDA , a body of the Common Foreign and Security Policy, supports the building of Member States’ military capabilities. It does this by coordinating and assisting Member States with defence equipment procurement, and has recently launched a pooling & sharing initiative to support Member States in sharing military resources.

SEDE II

Permanent Structured Cooperation PESCO The Lisbon Treaty introduced the possibility for certain EU countries to strengthen their cooperation in military matters by creating permanent structured cooperation Articles and of the Treaty on European Union TEU . Permanent structured cooperation would establish cooperation in five fields coordination of national defence budgets, equipment pooling and sharing, interoperability and readiness, military capabilities, and equipment procurement. In order to do this, interested countries must fulfil two main conditions provided in Protocol No nexed to the to the treaty

an-

. They must develop their defence capabilities by participating in multinational forces, as well as taking part of the European Defence Agency’s activities regarding capability development, equipment programmes, research, and armaments. . They must be able to supply combat units and support logistics in order to carry out the Petersberg tasks as laid out in article TEU with to days’ notice, lasting for a period of to days. EU Member States wishing to initiate permanent structured cooperation must notify the Council, which by qualified majority can adopt a decision that establishes the permanent structured cooperation and its participants. New members or suspension of old members is decided upon by the Council by qualified majority amongst the participants. Decisions and recommendations taken regarding the cooperation itself are taken unanimously in the Council amongst only those Member States that participate. The Berlin Plus Agreement The Berlin Plus agreement defines the relationship and the division of certain areas of responsibility between the EU and NATO. The overlaps in membership between NATO and the EU, which operates the Common Security and Defence Policy, caused concerns about the duplication of assets and structures, which resulted in the Berlin Plus agreement to divide responsibilities for crisis management. Amongst other things, the agreement provides a structure for the EU to utilise NATO resources and assets for EUled crisis management operations and guarantees the EU access to NATO planning capabilities.

The Petersberg tasks are military priorities included in the CSDP that the EU is empowered to perform in terms of crisis management humanitarian and rescue tasks, conflict prevention and peacekeeping, military advice and assistance, tasks of combat forces in crisis management such as peacemaking, disarmament operations, and post-conflict stabilisation.

C LL

How can the principles behind and benefits of the Schengen area be fostered and the inclusion of migrants in the labour market be promoted given restrictions to tackle free movement and the closing of borders across Europe? Submitted by

Anastasiia Paranich UA , Bakhytzhan Zhakazhanov KZ , Bastian Jäger AT , Fleur Lycklama à Nijeholt NL , Ieva Karvelytė LT , Jelena Valentik RS , Justyn Brockmeyer DE , Sam Coolsaet BE , Saara Kiiskinen FI , Natalia Vagena Chairperson, GR

The European )outh Parliament, A. Noting with concern the pressure that the European Commission puts on Member States in light of the imbalanced distribution of refugees, causing some countries to be fearful of losing their sovereignity, B. Alarmed that Member States’ plans to implement border controls to safeguard social and economic stability are threatening the Schengen Agreement, C. Fully aware that EU citizens migrating to wealthier Member States for economic reasons are causing a brain-drain in less prosperous regions and put pressure on social services, D. Bearing in mind that there are not enough jobs available for the current influx of refugees, causing a burden on the labour market, E. Concerned that the complexity and long duration of asylum applications delays the integration process of refugees, F. Deeply alarmed that immigrants face disadvantages on the labour market due to unrecognized qualifications and the lack of Active Labour Market Policies ALMP in some Member States, G. Realising that a common European approach to labour policy is hindered by the complexity of Member States? national constitutions and that the diferences in access to and quality of social services provided makes exploitation more likely, H. Profoundly concerned that the integration of migrants in the labour market is hampered by discrimination, I. Deeply regretting the lack of cooperation between Member States and the Organisation on Security and Cooperation in Europe OSCE Participating States, especially in providing access to immigration data, J. Expresses its appreciation of the )outh Guarantee Program

Member State Labour Policy . Suggests Member States provide subsidies for companies that employ migrants The unemployment rate for foreign borns is

, %, which is , % more than for natives

. Invites non-governmental organisations NGOs and volunteers to actively contribute to the implementation of ALMPs . Calls upon Member States to implement ALMPs to improve immigrantsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; opportunities in the labour market . Encourages employers to adopt anonymous jobs application systems minimizing the possibility of discrimination against immigrants

Qualifications . Requests that the European Skills, Competences, Qualification and Occupations ESCO evaluate the currently unrecognized qualifications from non-EU countries according to the European Qualification Framework

EU Level Policy . Expresses its hope for the further promotion of the )outh Guarantee Programme for citizens

Harmonisation of Member States Policy . Urges the European Commission to expedite the discussions on a common European Labour Policy, specifically focusing on minimum wage standards and social security services . Strongly urges national governments to accelerate asylum seeking processes to a standardised maximum amount of time.

LIBE II

)outh Guarantee Program is a new approach by the European Commission in order to tackle youth unemployment amongst all people under the age of whether they are registered with employment services or not, aiming to provide a concrete ofer of job opportunity within months of leaving education or becoming unemployed. European Qualifications Network EQF acts as a transnational device to make national qualifications more readable across Europe promoting workersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; and learnersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; mobility between countries facilitating their lifelong learning. European Skills, Competences, Qualifications and Occupations ESCO agency The ESCO classification identifies and categorises skills, competences, qualifications and occupations relevant for the EU labour market, education and training. ESCO is part of the Europe strategy. Active Labour Market Policies ALMPs are government programs that intervene in the labour market to help the unemployed find work. They are divided in three main categories . Public employment services, such as job centers and labour exchanges, help the unemployed improve their job search efort by disseminating information on vacancies by providing assistance with interview skills and writing a Curriculum Vitae. . Training Schemes, such as classes and apprenticeships, help the unemployed improve their vocational skills and hence increase their employability. . Employment Subsidies, either in the public or private sector, are directly creating jobs for the unemployed. These are typically short-term measures that are designed to allow the unemployed to build up work experience and prevent skill atrophy.

R R

C E

The role of services and the support of partners and communities in family planning what measures should be taken to ensure women have better control over their sexual and reproductive lives and are provided with consistent access to basic support and services pertaining to reproductive health? Submitted by

Anni Niemelä FI , Burulai Abdykapar kyzy KG , Jonathan Wajntraub BE , Júlia Gonová SK , Khaszul Gunbileg MN , Klea Hysenbelli AL , Maida Pilica ME , Ólöf Sunna Jónsdóttir IS , Giorgi Gugenishvili Chairperson, GE

The European )outh Parliament, A. Recognising that unsafe abortions are one of the main causes of maternal morbidity and mortality, B. Having considered that every year around performed in Europe ,

illegal abortion procedures are estimated to be

C. Disturbed by the national laws of Ireland, Poland, and Italy that deny women the right to safe abortion violating the European Convention on Human Rights and leading to an increase in unsafe abortions, D. Realising that existing national policies on parental leave oten discourage women from future motherhood, E. Alarmed by the shortage of health clinics particularly in rural areas of Eastern and South-Eastern Europe, F. Conscious of the high costs of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights SRHR related basic services which reduce their level of accessibility for low-income individuals such as persons without healthcare, immigrants, Internally Displaced Persons IDPs , and adolescents, G. Noting with regret the lack of trust in health clinics among citizens due to several cases of violated anonymity, H. Concerned by the general low quality of government-run health centres in Eastern Europe, particularly by the insuficiency of post-abortion therapy sessions caused by lack of funding, I. Noting with deep concern the lack of awareness on contraceptive use and Sexually Transmitted Infections STIs , partially due to national governments’ negligency, causing the spread of STIs and unwanted pregnancies especially among adolescents, J. Fully aware of the influence social stigmas and conservative religious views have on the public perception of SRHR-related topics such as sexuality education, contraceptive use and reproductive health services, K. Taking into account the negative efects of STIs on women’s fertility and health during pregnancy, ”Unsafe abortion the preventable parademic” by the WHO. The European Court declared in five diferent cases Ireland’s, Poland’s and Italy’s policies on abortion to be a breach to the fundamental rights as the right to private life should guarantee women’s’ ability to get safe abortions.

L. Deeply conscious of general lack of competence among sexuality education teachers, M. Noting with concern that sexuality education is currently considered an exclusive competence of Member States despite presence of better alternative, N. Taking into consideration the non-mandatory nature of sexuality education classes in certain European countries such as Poland, and the United Kingdom . Expresses its hope that all European countries gradually progress towards equal protection of SRHR through a. accessible and afordable basic health services, b. comprehensive Sexuality Education available for everyone, c. acceptance of the right to safe abortion as a fundamental human right . Expresses its appreciation for the European Action Plan by the World Health Organisation WHO whose dialogue with the European Commissionâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Directorate Generals on Health and Food Safety is helping to set new SRHR guidelines for every Member State

Safe abortion . Calls for the revision of the th Article of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union in accordance with the European Convention on Human Rights and recognition of the right to abortion as a fundamental human right . Urges Member States to abolish abortion-related laws that violate fundamental human rights as ruled by the European Court of Human Rights . Suggests further funding of educational campaigns by the ASTRA network in Eastern and SouthEastern Europe on both illegal and legal abortions

Basic support and services . Invites the Committee on Employment and Social Afairs EMPL to renew guidelines for national parental leave policies with an emphasis on reconciling the professional and private lives of working mothers . Recommends that Member states update governmental healthcare policies with increased coverage of SRHR-related fees . Appeals to the United Nations Population Fund UNFPA to help national governments increase the number of both regular and mobile health-care centres in rural areas of Eastern and SouthEastern European regions . Urges national governments to follow quality standards for health services set by the WHO with the help of financial and technical aid from UNFPA

STIs . Expresses its appreciation towards the OSCE and UNFPA for raising awareness on STIs through both youth-oriented and regular educational campaigns

. Encourages Member States to initiate a law making the disclosure of STI status to sexual partners obligatory, similar to the Swedish HIV sex law . Asks the European Commission to financially support national governments in making periodical compulsory and free of charge STI testings for people between the ages of -

Sexuality education . Calls upon the European Court of Justice to consider sexuality education a part of public health policy together with education in accordance with Article of the Treaty on Functioning of the European Union, thus making it a shared responsibility between Member States and the European Union . Invites the WHO to set common guidelines for the Common Sexuality Education curriculum . Encourages Member States to adopt the Common Sexuality Education programme through the EU-provided additional funding of the implementation process . Asks the Ministries of Education to enforce stricter reviews of teachersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; performances in sexuality education classes . Proposes that Member States make the sexuality education classes mandatory.

FEMM

United Nations Population Fund UNFPA - Belonging to the United Nations, UNFPA focuses on improving sexual and reproductive health conditions through direct funding of free services and educational programmes in Eastern European and Central Asian countries. Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights SRHR - Defined at the UNFPA International Conference in Cairo as ”the right of men and women to be informed and to have access to safe, efective, afordable and acceptable methods of family planning of their choice and the right of access to appropriate health-care services that will enable women to go safely through pregnancy and childbirth ...”. Unsafe abortion - Illegal abortion procedure that is held by people lacking necessary qualification or in an environment lacking minimal standards. Maternal morbidity - A serious health injury caused or aggravated by pregnancy or childbearing process. Maternal mortality - Death of a woman caused or aggravated by pregnancy or childbearing process. Parental leave - A benefit to be paid to an employee while on leave to take care of a child or during pregnancy. The right to abortion in Ireland, Poland and Italy - Ireland bans abortions in all cases except for when the woman’s life is endangered. Poland is the only Eastern European country with strict restrictions on abortion as the forced termination is only allowed if the woman’s life is in danger or if the fetus was conceived as a result of an unlawful act rape, incest . Italy allows doctors to object to operations for moral or religious reasons. This has strongly decreased the level of accessibility to safe abortion procedures. The said countries’ legislations have been ruled by the European Court of Human Rights as a violation of the right to privacy - a fundamental basic human right protected by the European Convention on Human Rights. However, despite the authority of the Court, the legislations have yet to be changed. Sexually Transmitted Infections - Infections such as HIV that are mostly spread through sexual intercourse. Comprehensive Sexuality Education - Diferent from sex education that mainly focuses on the biological aspect, the multi-grade school programme also aims to freely inform children on various aspects of sex and relationships and emphasises the importance of choice and consent. ASTRA - A network of NGOs that mainly focuses on Eastern Europe and particular Central European countries such as Poland. It aims to raise awareness on the importance of reproductive rights, sexual and reproductive health. Swedish ”HIV sex” law - A law introduced in that makes non-disclosure of one’s sexual status whether the person has HIV or not to a sexual partner before unprotected sex a crime punishable in court. Article of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union - An article that lists domains of shared competence between Member States and the European Union including public health as a part of common safety. Education is listed as a Member States’ exclusive competence in the Article of the same document. th Article of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union - While protecting reproductive rights in general, the article does not specifically refer to abortion, leaving the legal area up for interpretation.

R F

With relations between Russia and the West severely strained by the conflict in Ukraine, how can trust be built between the regions to help defuse tensions and move towards a normalisation of relations? Submitted by

Dair Cruz US , Farangiz )algasheva UZ , Jean-Baptiste Mylle BE , Khamza Sharifzoda TJ , Maria Kostiv UA , Narek Sarian NL , Sebastian Ritter Choquehuanca DE , Tamari Jibuti GE , Giedre Birmontaite Chairperson, LT

The European )outh Parliament, A. Noting with concern that Russian foreign policy is growing more aggressive, as illustrated by the unprecedented annexation of Crimea and its violation of the Helsinki Final Act, B. Deeply alarmed that the economic sanctions on Russia imposed by Member States and the United States US among others, while resulting in deep recession and inflation, have so far failed to alter Russian foreign policy regarding the conflict in Ukraine, C. Realising that the increase in military spending of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation NATO and Russia escalate existing tensions, D. Noting with concern that territorial disputes such as the ones in the Arctic, East Asia and Eurasia are a key cause of the degrading relationship between Russia and Western countries, E. Noting with regret that NATO’s enlargement in Eastern Europe was one of the factors that triggered security concerns in Russia, thus increasing tensions, F. Emphasising that both Western and Russian aims to increase strategic, political, economic and military influence in eastern Europe was one of the causes of the conflict in Ukraine, G. Concerned that the diplomatic relations between Russia and the West have been significantly weakened as a result of the Crimea crisis, H. Recognising that the EU is Russia’s largest trading partner, making up for around ports market, while Russia is only the EU’s third largest importer ,

% of its ex-

I. Fully alarmed that many Member States are highly dependant on Russian oil and gas, J. Deeply disturbed by the global increase in the use of hybrid warfare , K. Alarmed by the instrumentalisation of the media to shape the opinion of their respective societies in both Western nations and Russia, L. Acknowledging the ethnic diversity in Post-Soviet countries and the need to protect the rights of their minorities, Article of the Helsinki Final Act guarantees territorial integrity of the signatories. It states that military occupation or other direct or indirect measures of force against international law will be recognised as illegal. European Commission trade analysis on Russia report published in April . Hybrid warfare is the military strategy of simultaneously employing a tailored mix of conventional weapons, irregular tactics, terrorism, and criminal behaviour in the same time and battlespace to obtain political objectives.

M. Deeply regretting that democratic institutions in many Post-Soviet countries are still not fully developed

Politics & Diplomacy . Calls upon Member States to both renew current Russian sanctions and to alter them to better target Russian government oficials . Strongly urges the European Commission to help stabilise the national economy of Ukraine by implementing the Ukraine-European Union Association Agreement . Requests that the NATO-Russia Council establish a dialogue on possible future eastern NATO and Russian expansion . Recommends that Russia and the West appoint a third neutral country or international organisation as a conflict mediator . Emphasises the importance of including Russia in international dialogue and conflict negotiations . Further invites Russia, the U.S. and the EU to actively cooperate in tackling common issues, such as environmental problems and common security threats, as a means to build diplomatic ties and collaboration . Encourages Member States to invest in the research and development of green energy resources, whilst gradually developing energy independence from Russian oil and gas

Military . Proposes that the OSCE strengthen and further support monitoring missions in conflict regions aimed at detecting and tackling the usage of hybrid warfare

Social . Urges the Eurasian countries to induce the process of liberalising the media with respect to RussoWestern relations by supporting a. Non-Governmental Organisations NGOs that critically analyse the media such as the International Freedom of Expression Exchange IFE( , b. the development and protection of independent media by providing financial and legal support . Requests that the OSCE strengthens the authority of the High Commissioner on National Minorities HCNM in order to protect the rights of ethnic minorities and language diversity in Post-Soviet countries . Emphasises the importance of fostering cooperation between NGOs protecting human rights to strengthen civil society and prevent political insurgence. Ukraine-European Union Association Agreement aÂ treatyÂ between the EU andÂ Ukraine in which Ukraine committed to gradually conform to EU technical and consumer standards and the EU agreed to provide Ukraine with political and financial support, access to research and knowledge, and preferential access to EU markets. NATO-Russia Council established in and is an oficial diplomatic tool for handling security issues and joint projects between NATO and Russia.

Das Europäische Jugendparlament Österreich ist eine Organisation des BEJ/JEF. BEJ/ JEF wird unterstützt vom Bundesministerium für Familie und Jugend und dem Bundesministerium für Bildung und Frauen sowie der Stadt Wien (MA 13). Das Europäische Jugendparlament Österreich wird bei allen Sitzungen von Europe Direct Wien mit Europainformation versorgt und ist eingebunden in das Europe Direct Wien-Jugend-Stakeholder-Netzwerk. Mit Mitteln des Europäischen Parlaments wurden im Rahmen der Initiative Europe Needs You (www.europeneedsyou.eu) auch Veranstaltungen des Europäischen Jugendparlaments ermöglicht. Über die EuropaClubs-Initiative (www.europaclubs.at) konnten an allen Veranstaltungen österreichische Schülerinnen und Schüler teilnehmen, die Veranstaltungen wurden vom Europäischen Bildungsinstitut Wien evaluiert.