REPUBLICA BOLIVARIANA DE VENEZUELA MINISTERIO DEL PODER POPULAR PARA LA EDUCACION INSTITUTO UNIVERSITARIO SANTIAGO MARIÑO MERIDA –MERIDA
ACID-BASE REACTIONS AND PRECIPITATION REACTIONS PROF : ARACELIS
ALDRY GARCIA CI: 22685488 ESC:49
DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN AN ACID AND BASE Key difference: Acids and bases are two types of corrosive substances. Any substance with a pH value between 0 up to 7 is considered acidic, whereas a pH value of 7 to 14 is a base. Acids are ionic compounds that break apart in water to form a hydrogen ion (H+). Ionic compounds are a compound with a positive or negative charge. Bases, on the other hand are ionic compounds that break apart to form a negatively charged hydroxide ion (OH-) in water
DESCRIBE THE MEANING OF AND ACID-BASE REACTION AND PRECIPITATION ACID acid (from the Latin acidus/acēre meaning sour) is a chemical substance whose aqueous solutions are characterized by a sour taste, the ability to turn blue litmus red, and the ability to react with bases and certain metals (like calcium) to form salts
BASE base is a substance that, in aqueous solution, is slippery to the touch, tastes bitter, changes the color of indicators (e.g., turns red litmus paper blue), reacts with acids to form salts, and promotes certain chemical reactions (base catalysis)
PRECIPITATION Precipitation is the creation of a solid in a solution or inside another solid during a chemical reaction or by diffusion in a solid. When the reaction occurs in a liquid solution, the solid formed is called the precipitate.
DESCRIBE THE MEANING OF AND ACID-BASE REACTION AND PRECIPITATION
APPLY THE ACID REACTIONS- BASE ON INDUSTRY
acid–base catalysis, acceleration of a chemical reaction by the addition of an acid or a base, the acid or base itself not being consumed in the reaction. The catalytic reaction may be acid-specific (acid catalysis), as in the case of decomposition of the sugar sucrose into glucose and fructose in sulfuric acid; or base-specific (base catalysis), as in the addition of hydrogen cyanide to aldehydes and ketones in the presence of sodium hydroxide. Many reactions are catalyzed by both acids and bases.
APPLY PRECIPITATION REACTIONS IN QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS IN THE PREPARATION OF SUBSTANCES QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS It’s a type of chemical analysis which is used to separate and detect cation and anions in a sample substance. The chemical properties of an unknown substance are determined in the qualitative analysis procedure by the reaction between the unknown substance and suitable reagents. The qualitative analysis is used for the identification of a simple salt or the identification of various cations present in a solution. QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS This branch of chemistry is especially for the determination of the amount or percentage of constituents of a sample. The methods use for quantitative analyses are classified as chemical or physical. The classification depends upon the utilized properties
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